#woodland india

[social-growth-assist]

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[reasonsforhope]

The World's Forests Are Doing Much Better Than We Think

You might be surprised to discover... that many of the world’s woodlands are in a surprisingly good condition. The destruction of tropical forests gets so much (justified) attention that we’re at risk of missing how much progress we’re making in cooler climates.

That’s a mistake. The slow recovery of temperate and polar forests won’t be enough to offset global warming, without radical reductions in carbon emissions. Even so, it’s evidence that we’re capable of reversing the damage from the oldest form of human-induced climate change — and can do the same again.

Take England. Forest coverage now is greater than at any time since the Black Death nearly 700 years ago, with some 1.33 million hectares of the country covered in woodlands. The UK as a whole has nearly three times as much forest as it did at the start of the 20th century.

That’s not by a long way the most impressive performance. China’s forests have increased by about 607,000 square kilometers since 1992, a region the size of Ukraine. The European Union has added an area equivalent to Cambodia to its woodlands, while the US and India have together planted forests that would cover Bangladesh in an unbroken canopy of leaves.

Logging in the tropics means that the world as a whole is still losing trees. Brazil alone removed enough woodland since 1992 to counteract all the growth in China, the EU and US put together. Even so, the planet’s forests as a whole may no longer be contributing to the warming of the planet. On net, they probably sucked about 200 million metric tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere each year between 2011 and 2020, according to a 2021 study. The CO2 taken up by trees narrowly exceeded the amount released by deforestation. That’s a drop in the ocean next to the 53.8 billion tons of greenhouse gases emitted in 2022 — but it’s a sign that not every climate indicator is pointing toward doom...

More than a quarter of Japan is covered with planted forests that in many cases are so old they’re barely recognized as such. Forest cover reached its lowest extent during World War II, when trees were felled by the million to provide fuel for a resource-poor nation’s war machine. Akita prefecture in the north of Honshu island was so denuded in the early 19th century that it needed to import firewood. These days, its lush woodlands are a major draw for tourists.

It’s a similar picture in Scandinavia and Central Europe, where the spread of forests onto unproductive agricultural land, combined with the decline of wood-based industries and better management of remaining stands, has resulted in extensive regrowth since the mid-20th century. Forests cover about 15% of Denmark, compared to 2% to 3% at the start of the 19th century.

Even tropical deforestation has slowed drastically since the 1990s, possibly because the rise of plantation timber is cutting the need to clear primary forests. Still, political incentives to turn a blind eye to logging, combined with historically high prices for products grown and mined on cleared tropical woodlands such as soybeans, palm oil and nickel, mean that recent gains are fragile.

There’s no cause for complacency in any of this. The carbon benefits from forests aren’t sufficient to offset more than a sliver of our greenhouse pollution. The idea that they’ll be sufficient to cancel out gross emissions and get the world to net zero by the middle of this century depends on extraordinarily optimistic assumptions on both sides of the equation.

Still, we should celebrate our success in slowing a pattern of human deforestation that’s been going on for nearly 100,000 years. Nothing about the damage we do to our planet is inevitable. With effort, it may even be reversible.

-via Bloomburg, January 28, 2024

[maureen2musings]

The fleeting beauty of dawn

shaazjung

[somerabbitholes]

yesterday’s hike ended at the nicest, quietest waterfall

[pangeen]

“ Forest Life ” // SANDEEP MATHUR

[kaurwreck]

for the ask game: LILAC CHARCOAL AND RASPBERRY

anon this is so sweet 😭

[ask game provided below for reference; if you'd like to play, please reblog from OP here:]

[rishitsblog]

Lost

[herpsandbirds]

What are kingfishers? What category do they belong to? Are they songbirds? Waterfowl? A secret third thing? I must know!

Kingfishers:

Kingfishers are in the order Coraciiformes, along with rollers, bee eaters, todies, and motmots. They are not closely related to songbirds or waterfowl. Think of this group as its own thing.

Many of them perch, and they eat a wide variety of small animals. Even just the kingfishers, many of which live in forests, and hunt frogs and lizards and large invertebrates. The all have a similar toe arrangement, and most of them catch prey and then slam their prey against a surface to help kill it.

The closest relatives to the coraciiformes are the order Piciformes, the woodpeckers, toucans, barbets, puffbirds, jacamars, and honeyguides.

So, generally speaking when we refer to "songbirds" we are talking about the birds in the order Passeriformes (more particularly the Oscine Passerines), most of the perching birds you've ever heard of. Water fowl usually refers to mainly aquatic swimming birds, like ducks, geese, loons, grebes.

Here are some kingfisher friends for you:

Collared Kingfisher (Todiramphus chloris), family Alcedinidae, West Bengal, India

photograph by Kamal Basak

Woodland Kingfisher (Halcyon senegalensis), family Alcedinidae, found in much of Sub-Saharan Africa

photograph by @anthony.press

Black-capped Kingfisher (Halcyon pileata), diving for fish, family Alcedinidae, Taiwan

photograph by joinus12345

Belted Kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon) eat a tasty fish!, family Alcedinidae, found across most of North America

photograph by Randy Wei

Blue-bellied or Javan Kingfisher (Halcyon cyanoventris), family Alcedinidae, order Coraciiformes, endemic to Bali and Java, Indoensia

photograph by Jeffry Surianto

[knuppitalism-with-ue]

And here we have the open woodlands. Lemuria during the Cretaceous has large, Araucaria dominated woodlands. These were full of megafauna. Large trees plus lots of open space and lower vegetation inbetween offer many niches for sauropods, large parankylosaurs and elesmarians to move in. But these woods are also also crawling with many small animals and are filled with wonderful flora.

On Lemuria

Lemuria is a new spec evo project for and by the #paleostream community. Like the Atlantis project beforehand it deals with a fictional piece of land in 3 phases. Lemuria is an already existent concept that was invented before the recognition of plate tectonics to explain certain distribution patterns of animals and plants. In our case Lemuria is a continent consisting of India and Madagascar. We speculate how animals and plants would evolve if these two would never separate. This has MANY consequences. And the further we progress through time the more natural history will change. Phase one deals with the Cretaceous, when things are still rather "normal".

[moths-daily]

Moth Of The Day #111

Black Arches / Nun Moth

Lymantria moncacha

From the erebidae family. They have a wingspan of 36-56 mm. They tend to inhabit woodland and parks with mature oaks. They can be found in most of Europe, including Great Britain, and in temperate regions of the Palearctic East to Japan and India.

[birdstudies]

December 20, 2023 - Blue-faced Malkoha or Small Green-billed Malkoha (Phaenicophaeus viridirostris) These cuckoos are found in woodlands, scrub, and bush of southern India and Sri Lanka. They feed on insects, such as caterpillars, cicadas, and beetles, as well small lizards and fruit, foraging alone or in pairs. Breeding throughout much of the year, they build bulky saucer-shaped nests from twigs and line them with leaves. Females lay clutches of two or three eggs.

[crepesuzette2023]

What's a moment in mclennon history where you are sure something happened between John and Paul??

Well, define "sure."

I'm not sure at all—I wasn't there and don't have special juicy knowledge—but I will say this: They were both sexual humans, they were in an intense, marriage-like relationship the rest of their world accepted as such and made room for, they thought of themselves as special (b/c they were), meaning: exempt from rules that apply to others. They moved amidst queerness from an early age (Hamburg, Beat poetry, etc.). That's why I think that, if there was sexual tension between them, they recognized it as such, and probably acted on it. What place it would have had in their relationship (a big thing or a small, the winner takes it all), I don't know.

I also think it's more likely they never did anything than for them to have had sex only once or twice, and it being a big, charged thing between them. I just don't think sex, even with each other, was in itself that shocking to them.

Now, *feelings* and the names we give them...that's another topic entirely. But that wasn't your question, was it? ;-)

All right. If I had to choose, I'd say: early days/wanking circle of two, Paris, and '67. And possibly India (in your room). But, every time, as part of an on-going situation, not as a sudden revelation.

So much for my boring quote unquote earnest take. Now, can we go back to talking about Woodland Sprite Paul and Hunter John, and leg combing?! ;-)

[somerabbitholes]

walking through forests is good for you; thoreau was onto something

[saltyserval47]

this is vaga my caracal i don't think i've seen many caracal plushies in the wild but i hope to get more because they are one of my favourite wild cats they also live in Africa and the Middle East to India. It is keenly adapted to the potentially harsh environments of savanna, semi-desert, dry woodland, arid hilly steppe, and dry mountains!

[deathlessathanasia]

Regarding the exceptional strength of Herakles

I constantly see it claimed that Herakles owes his extraordinary strength to the fact that Hera breastfed him, but so far I have been unable to find a single source stating this. Here are a few that mention Hera unknowingly nursing Herakles (or other sons of Zeus), in no specific order:

Pseudo-Eratosthenes, Epitome 44: "It was not possible for sons of Zeus to have any share in the honours of the sky unless they had been suckled at Hera's breast; and that is why Hermes, so they say, brought Heracles along after his birth and placed him at Hera's breast, for him to be suckled at it; but when Hera became aware of it, she thrust him away, and the rest of her milk spilled out accordingly to make up the milky circle."

Pseudo-Hyginus, Astronomy 2.43: "There is also a circle in the heavens which is white in color, and which men have called the milky circle. Eratosthenes recounts in his Hermes that Hera unknowingly gave milk to the infant Hermes, but when she came to realize that he was Maia's son, she pushed him away; and that is why a bright trail of spilled milk can be seen among the stars. Others have said that Heracles was placed at Hera's breast while she was asleep, and she acted as has just been described when she woke up. Or according to other authors, Heracles was so greedy that he sucked in so much milk that he could not keep it in his mouth, and what spilled out from his mouth is shown in this circle."

Diodoros of Sicily, Library of History 4.9.6-7: "After Alcmenê had brought forth the babe, fearful of Hera’s jealousy she exposed it at a place which to this time is called after him the Field of Heracles. Now at this very time Athena, approaching the spot in the company of Hera and being amazed at the natural vigour of the child, persuaded Hera to offer it the breast. But when the boy tugged upon her breast with greater violence than would be expected at his age, Hera was unable to endure the pain and cast the babe from her, whereupon Athena took it to its mother and urged her to rear it And anyone may well be surprised at the unexpected turn of the affair; for the mother whose duty it was to love her own offspring was trying to destroy it, while she who cherished towards it a stepmother’s hatred, in ignorance saved the life of one who was her natural enemy."

Pausanias, Description of Greece 9.25.2: "There is shown a place where according to the Thebans Hera was deceived by Zeus into giving the breast to Heracles when he was a baby."

(Geoponika 11.19 -Concerning the Lily: "When Jupiter had Hercules by Alcmena, who was mortal, he wished to make him partaker of immortality; and he laid him to Juno's breast, when she was asleep, while he was in the state of infancy; and the infant being satisfied with milk, turned away from the breast, but the milk spewed copiously when the infant was removed-; and what was difused in the sky made what is called the milky-way; and what flowed on the earth and tinged its surface, produced the lily, which is like milk in respect of colour."

None of these suggest, let alone state outright, that Herakles got his strength from Hera. In the Dionysiaca Hera is forced to breastfed Dionysos, and the benefit he is said to get from this is not strength, but access to Olympos (and a cure ffrom madness?): "Do not fail your provoked husband; but go uncaught to the fertile slope of the woodland pastures of India, and offer your breast to Bacchos as once did my mother Rheia; let him draw with his lips older grown your holy drops, and by that draught lead him on the way to Olympos and make heaven lawful ground for the feet of earthborn Dionysos! Anoint with your milk the body of Lyaios, and cleanse the ugly stains of mind-robbing disease. And I offer you a worthy reward; for I will place in Olympos a circle, image of that flow named after Hera's milk, to honour the allfamous sap of your saviour breast."

The only explanation I've found for Herakles' strength is this, From Diodoros of Sicily's Library of History 4.9.2: "Consequently the sources of this descent, in their entirety, lead back, as is claimed, through both his parents to the greatest of the gods, in the manner we have shown. The prowess which was found in him was not only to be seen in his deeds, but was also recognized even before his birth. For when Zeus lay with Alcmenê he made the night three times its normal length and by the magnitude of the time expended on the procreation he presaged the exceptional might of the child which would be begotten."

So does anyone know of a source for this idea? Plz help, I'm feeling gaslit by the world!

[rishitsblog]

All journeys have secret destinations of which the traveller is unaware.

- Martin Buber