#urban honeybee study

[acti-veg]

Recent studies conducted in Europe and North America seem to suggest that when honeybees are introduced into urban areas they can outcompete the wild bees.

In Munich, an increase in hives in the surrounding area reduced the number of wild bees recorded between May and July in the city’s botanical garden. Similarly, in Paris, fewer wild bees were observed when more hives were introduced across the city. The findings were echoed in Montreal, which between 2013 and 2020 witnessed a twelvefold increase in hives from 250 to almost 3,000. Sites with the largest increase had the biggest drop in wild bee species.

(…) Honeybees are livestock, like pigs and chicken. And just as keeping chickens won’t save wild birds, honeybees won’t save wild bees, and in some cases could be contributing to their demise.

[cryptid-bird]

I am so annoyed that when people say "save the bees" they think it's about honeybees, not native bees. Honeybees don't need help, and they also compete with native pollinators.

They are producing plenty of honey for commercial use, so I assume that they aren't facing any sort of population issue. Also, it's strange how many American beekeepers think they are helping the environment by raising honeybees, which are not native to the US.

I bet the honey industry loves that people think that honeybees need to be saved. If they needed to be saved so badly, then you wouldn't be able to get honey nut cheerios so easily. Buying honey does not save the bees.

I know a lot of people will say "well they are not native, but they aren't harmful!" There was a study done that showed that when honeybees are introduced for commercial purposes, they actually cause the population of other pollinators to decline.

Plant native plants in your yard to save the bees. The native bees like native plants. Non-native plants often dominate US urban areas. The increasing urbanization is not good for the bees.

Also, there are probably more native species of bee in your area than you realize!

[gamebird]

I'm not sure if you're being sarcastic/ironic or literally, honestly asking, so I'll assume it's the latter.

Yes. That's how it's been from the beginning.

I would recommend the Indian World of George Washington if you want the early history of land speculation, who stole the land, who profited from it, and who was allowed to own it. It's free if you have Audible.

Dr. Sarah Taber is also excellent. I followed her on Twitter for years and she had *fantastic* threads there about land ownership, agricultural uses, and race/immigration status. I don't see any of them archived on her website, which is sad, but maybe you could look her up on X if she's still there. I bailed from that platform last summer.

You can also read David Graeber's books on debt, although they don't directly address land ownership (at least the ones I've read didn't), they give an insight into who owns things, why they buy those things, why they sell them, and the forces behind the implementation of policies that discourage small-scale land ownership.

I'm sure someone else has better resources than mine. I haven't made any intentional study of this. I live in Oklahoma, daughter of a retired building/general contractor for semi-rural residential housing additions, and have my own plot of land similar to the folk in that video. My wealth only goes one generation back. My dad grew up in the classic one-room shack on the river bottoms with two beds for the whole family and an outhouse. But the trends you're talking about, that you've seen - those are real. I grew up seeing that all around me. Which is why I wondered if you were being sarcastic.

Yes, there is a historical basis for this. This is the main pattern of land ownership in non-urban areas and it has been since the US became a nation.

Edit to add: The myth of the small family farm is just that: a myth. It's a complex public relations campaign organized by conglomerated agribusiness interests to siphon subsidies and other funds from the government.

Don't fall for it.

Other myths you shouldn't fall for: Milk is good for you, cheese is good for you, honeybees are going extinct and/or collapsing, pharma/drug companies have your best interests at heart, insurance companies are there to bail you out of misfortune, billionaires are good for the economy, renewable energy sources are always (note the 'always') better than petroleum, carbon offsets help the environment in any way, your personal carbon footprint has any meaningful impact on the world (even at scale), etc.

This is crazy. I wonder if there’s some sort of historical basis for the rural landowners in America being wealthy reactionaries who just make other people do their work for them

[twf2020]

What are the main threats to the survival of insects?

Insects are some of the most diverse and abundant organisms on Earth, with over a million described species and many more yet to be discovered. They play vital roles in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem, from pollinating crops to breaking down organic matter. Unfortunately, insects are facing multiple threats that are causing a decline in their populations. This has potentially catastrophic consequences for the environment and human society. This blog will explore some of the significant threats facing insects, backed by scientific evidence, and discuss the implications of their decline.

Habitat Loss

Habitat loss is a significant threat to insect populations, and it’s caused by various human activities, including deforestation, urbanization, and agriculture. The loss of natural habitats like forests, wetlands, and grasslands disrupts the complex relationships between insects and their environment, leading to declines in population sizes and biodiversity.

Many insect species have specialized habitats and require specific environmental conditions to survive. For example, some butterflies require specific plant species for food and breeding, while some bees need specific types of flowers for nectar and pollen. Habitat loss also causes fragmentation, where natural habitats become isolated, reducing the gene flow and making it difficult for insects to find mates, leading to a decline in population sizes.

Pesticides are destroying insect populations globally

Pesticides are chemicals used to control pests and insects, and they are widely used in agriculture and other industries. While they are intended to target specific pests, pesticides can also harm non-target organisms such as beneficial insects like bees and butterflies, leading to population declines.

Pesticides can have various adverse effects on insect populations, including toxicity, developmental abnormalities, reduced reproduction, and changes in behavior. Pesticides can also disrupt the food chain, reducing the availability of food for insect predators and leading to further declines in population sizes.

Several scientific studies have shown the negative impact of pesticides on insect populations. A study published in the journal Environmental Science and Technology found that the use of neonicotinoid pesticides was associated with declines in bee populations. Another study published in the journal Science found that exposure to pesticides reduced the survival rates of honeybees and bumblebees.

The decline of insect populations due to pesticides has severe consequences for our environment and society. Insects play a crucial role in pollination, and without them, the production of many crops would be affected, leading to significant economic losses and potential food shortages. Additionally, many insects are important for maintaining the balance of ecosystems, and their decline could lead to ecological imbalances.

Insects are also at the mercy of climate change

Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing our planet, and it’s having a significant impact on insect populations. The increase in temperatures, changes in rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events are altering the habitats and ecosystems that insects depend on for survival. As a result, many species are experiencing changes in their distribution and abundance.

One of the most significant impacts of climate change on insect populations is range shifts. As temperatures rise, many species are migrating to cooler regions, where suitable habitats are still available. For example, a study published in the journal Nature in 2018 found that European butterflies have shifted their ranges northwards by an average of 114 km over the last two decades in response to rising temperatures.

Climate change is also affecting the timing of insect life cycles, such as the timing of breeding, emergence, and migration. For example, a study published in the journal Global Change Biology in 2019 found that warmer temperatures were causing some insect species to emerge earlier in the season, leading to a mismatch between the timing of their emergence and the availability of their food.

The Common Challenge of Invasive species

Invasive species are a major threat to native insect populations. Non-native insects can outcompete or prey upon native insects, leading to a decline in their populations. Invasive insects can also disrupt food webs and alter ecosystems, causing significant ecological damage.

One example of an invasive insect is the emerald ash borer, which has killed tens of millions of ash trees in North America since its introduction in the early 2000s. The loss of ash trees has had a significant impact on native insect populations that depend on ash trees for habitat and food.

The spotted lanternfly is another invasive insect that has recently emerged in North America and is causing significant damage to grapevines, fruit trees, and other crops. The insect feeds on sap, weakening plants and making them more s usceptible to disease and other pests.

To address the threat of invasive species to native insect populations, it’s essential to prevent their introduction and spread. This can be achieved through measures such as monitoring and surveillance, quarantine, and the development of biological control methods. Early detection and rapid response are crucial to controlling invasive species and minimizing their impact on ecosystems.

Light Pollution is a silent killer of Insects

Light pollution is another significant threat facing insect populations. Artificial lighting can disrupt the natural cycles of insects, such as their feeding and mating patterns, by confusing their navigation and attraction systems. This can lead to significant impacts on their survival and reproduction.

Nocturnal insects, such as moths and fireflies, are particularly vulnerable to the effects of light pollution. For example, streetlights can attract and disorient moths, leading to increased predation and a decline in their populations. A study published in the journal Ecological Applications in 2018 found that streetlights can reduce moth abundance by up to 50% in urban areas.

To mitigate the impacts of light pollution on insect populations, measures such as reducing artificial lighting, using lighting that is less disruptive to insects, and implementing lighting curfews during critical periods of insect activity can be taken. By reducing the effects of light pollution, we can help to protect insect populations and maintain the ecological balance of our ecosystems.

Conclusion

Insects play a critical role in our ecosystem, and their decline could have severe consequences for the environment and human society. Therefore, it is crucial to address the threats facing insects and take measures to protect their habitats and populations. Scientific research can help us better understand the threats facing insects and develop strategies to mitigate their impact. In conclusion, insects are essential components of our ecosystem, and their decline is a cause for concern.

Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change are some of the significant threats facing insects, and scientific studies have shown their negative impact on insect populations. The decline of insect populations has far-reaching implications for our environment and society, including the disruption of ecological processes, loss of biodiversity, and potential impacts on agriculture and food security. Therefore, it’s essential to take measures to protect insects and their habitats, including reducing pesticide use, implementing sustainable land-use practices, and addressing climate change. By doing so, we can ensure the survival of these critical species and maintain a healthy and balanced ecosystem.

We at Think Wildlife Foundation recently launched our Livelihoods for Conservation project to provide alternative, sustainable livelihoods to the communities living with wildlife. This is with the aim to incentivize conservation while uplifting these communities economically. You can purchase merchandise from these communities here!

Written by: Neenu K Nair

Originally published at https://thinkwildlifefoundation.com on August 9, 2023.

Insects

Pollinators

[botanyone]

Scientists Investigate What Makes Urban Gardens Buzz With Bees

Scientists Investigate What Makes Urban Gardens Buzz With Bees https://ift.tt/vSzipfP A common question is what is the best plant for pollinators, but that might be the wrong approach. A new study published in Urban Ecosystems reveals how the diversity and abundance of flowers in urban gardens can shape wild bee communities. Bruno Rossi Rotondi and colleagues surveyed bees and blooms in 13 gardens across the city of Córdoba, Argentina, to uncover what garden features are most important for supporting bee biodiversity. Their findings highlight how urban green spaces like gardens can aid pollinator conservation, even in densely populated cities. The scientists found that floral evenness is crucial for supporting bees in urban gardens. Floral evenness refers to how evenly distributed the abundances of different flower species are within a plant community. Gardens with a more evenly distributed mix of blooming plants, rather than simply having more species or a bigger area, hosted more diverse and abundant bee communities. They attracted more bee species and a wider range of bee traits related to pollination. Specifically, the evenness of flower species was the strongest driver of bee abundance, diversity, and functional traits compared to other garden features. Surprisingly, simply having more flower species or a bigger garden area didn’t boost bee diversity. The team also found no major impact from nearby green cover or from competition with introduced honeybees. Wild bees play a vital role as pollinators, but face declines globally from urbanisation and other threats. Urban gardens present a refuge, but how garden features influence bees is understudied in Latin America. Using field surveys, the researchers recorded bee-flower interactions across one year in Córdoba while measuring garden traits like area and plant diversity. They also characterised key bee and flower traits related to foraging and accessibility. The results showed the evenness of flower species was the strongest driver of bee abundance, species diversity, and functional trait diversity. Bees benefited most from gardens with flower abundances evenly spread among species, indicating a diversity of pollen sources and fewer ultra-dominant plants. These findings provide practical steps gardeners can take to support wild pollinators through strategic plant choices. The study demonstrates that thoughtfully designed greenspaces like gardens can sustain diverse bee communities, even in bustling cities. Rossi Rotondi and colleagues write: We showed that urban gardens can support taxonomic and functionally diverse bee communities, especially those gardens with plant assemblages with evenly distributed flower species. These results highlight the impact of the owner´s decisions on bee communities when selecting plant species and their relative abundance to be cultivated in their gardens. Thus, our study indicates that planting several flowering plant species with even abundances will have a higher impact on attracting a diverse bee community than planting the same individual number of just one species, as seen previously (Braatz et al. 2021), or the same number of species with few dominant ones. Rotondi et al. 2023 It would seem that if you want to help support biodiversity in your garden, the best place to start is to have biodiversity in your planting. READ THE ARTICLE Rotondi, B.A.R., Casanelles-Abella, J., Fontana, S., Moretti, M., Videla, M. and Fenoglio, M.S. (2023) “Floral species evenness is the major driver of wild bee communities in urban gardens,” Urban Ecosystems. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-023-01440-x. Cover: Sarmiento Park Stairs viewpoint (Escaleras) – Cordoba, Argentina. Image, Canva. The post Scientists Investigate What Makes Urban Gardens Buzz With Bees appeared first on Botany One. via Botany One https://botany.one/ September 23, 2023 at 09:00AM

[eleanaoenvsblog]

Terrestrial Biodiversity

11/8/22

In chapter nine of Living in the Environment, we look at the way that individual species can affect ecosystem and economic services. A case study we examine is the honeybee. The honeybee has been in rapid decline since 2006 because of colony collapse disorder. As honeybees are major pollinators, this has put human agriculture systems at risk. The agriculture industry has debated how to address this, with some suggesting greater reliance on wild bee species and other pollinators.

Many recent species extinctions are related to human activity. Species are currently going extinct at a rate 1,000 times the historical rate. At the end of this century, the rate is projected to be 10,000 higher. This is caused by things like habitat loss and degradation, climate change, ocean acidification, and other negative environmental impacts caused by humans. Twenty to fifty percent of plant and animal species could disappear by the end of this century. Scientists have begun to refer to this as the sixth mass extinction event. Preventing the extinction of wild species is important not only because of the ecosystem services they provide, but also because they have an inherent right to exist. It is therefore important that we protect wild species by passing and enforcing environmental laws and international treaties that prevent habitat degradation, prevent and address invasive species, and reduce pollution, climate change, and exploitation. Additionally, we must create and protect wildlife sanctuaries.

Chapter ten examines sustainability that focuses on ecosystems and ecosystem services, rather than individual species. This chapter discusses similar solutions to protect biodiversity as in the previous chapter, such as protecting threatened areas and preventing overuse and degradation, restoring damaged ecosystems, and sharing the land we dominate with other species. I found this last point to be particularly notable. I think because I live in an urban area, sometimes it can be easy to forget that humans and animals can and often have shared space; it’s not all a black and white divide of nature and civilization. I think learning to encourage coexistence will be beneficial as the human environment continues to grow. How can we make more room for ourselves without destroying the habitats of terrestrial species?

Question: How can we maintain terrestrial biodiversity while also accounting for the rising human population?

[chicagobotanicgarden]

Bees in the Big City

Andrea Gruver is studying bees along the Metra rail line to see how urbanization impacts their livelihood. What have you noticed in your neighborhood?

The plants you see from your train seat on the Metra Union Pacific North line may help conservation scientists learn about how urban areas impact native bees.

Although most people think of honeybees when they think about bees, there are more than 4,000 native bee species in the United States and 500 species in Illinois alone. Like their honeybee counterparts, native bees are undergoing global…

[severelynerdysheep]

so... what's the solution. kill all chickens of bad bloodlines? set them free? let bees continue to be killed by pesticides and other human tampering with the environment? habitat loss.

When it comes to domesticated chickens, the solution is the same as it is for domesticated sheep, pigs, cows etc. The solution is to stop paying the the butchered flesh and secretions of these poor animals, which decreases demand, which means that fewer and fewer of these animals are forcibly brought into existence to be exploited, tortured and slaughered for profit in the first place. A great explanation here and another from @acti-veg here. 

Animal agriculture, including commercial beekeeping is imensly detriemntal to both wild polinators via the honey industry, and other species of wildlife. As well as the environment. Humans tampering with the environment, pesticide use, habitats loss. The solution to these issues is to move away form all forms of animal agriculture, including the commercial beekeeping of the honey industry.  

~ Honeybees Help Farmers, But They Don’t Help The Environment

~ Commercial honeybees threaten wild bee populations

~ Commercial honeybees linked to spreading diseases to wild bees

~ How The Bees You Know are Killing the Ones You Don’t

~ Bees Gone Wild

- Feral honeybees pose a danger to native bees and the ecosystems that depend on them

~  Livestock’s Long Shadow UN Report

~ ~ 60% of biodiversity loss the result of animal flesh/secretions based diets~ The impact of industrialized agriculture on world hunger

~ Environmental impact of food study

~ Livestock is the world’s largest user of land resources

~ Producing crops directly to feed humans produces 2-20 times more

~ Urban beekeeping is harming wild bees, says Cambridge University

[sciencenewsforstudents]

Far fewer bee species are buzzing across Earth today, following a steep decline in bee diversity during the last three decades, according to an analysis of bee collections and observations going back a century.  

About half as many bee species are turning up in current collecting efforts for museums and other collections compared with in the 1950s, when surveys counted around 1,900 species a year, scientists report December 10 at bioRxiv.org. That high diversity in collections endured for several decades, but then began to plummet around the 1990s, likely reflecting a real drop in global bee diversity, according to the study, which is under peer review.

“This is the first study suggesting that bee decline is a global process, and that the most significant changes have occurred in recent years,” says Margarita López-Uribe, a bee evolutionary ecologist at Penn State who was not part of the new research.

The new work evaluates global trends in bee diversity since the 1920s by tapping the database of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. This international data-sharing network holds what López-Uribe describes as “the most comprehensive dataset of insect collection records worldwide,” including photos of bees in the field and of museum specimens dating back to the 18th century. Previous bee studies have reported falling populations, but evidence has often been limited to Europe and North America. Numbers of western honeybees (Apis mellifera) have been decreasing in North America and Europe (SN: 6/20/19), for example, but have increased in Asia, Africa and South America. For bees overall, though, the global situation was unclear.

Eduardo Zattara and Marcelo Aizen of the Pollination Ecology Group at the Biodiversity and Environment Research Institute in Rio Negro, Argentina, found that the number of instances of observing bees has climbed in recent decades, probably due to more researchers going into the field to document and study bees.

But the number of observed species fell. In the 1950s, collectors added about 22,000 bee records per year, of about 1,900 species each year, for a global total of 5,600 species collected over the whole decade. After correcting for sampling effort, the researchers estimate that about 6,700 species would have been found in the wild. In the 2010s, collectors tallied an average of 860 species per year from an average of more than 37,000 observations per year, leading to an estimate of only about 3,400 species to be found worldwide in the wild.

This ground nesting bee (Pseudapis siamensis) native to Southeast Asia is among the bee species losing habitat due to urbanization and agriculture.

CREDIT: VARAT SIVAYYAPRAM

Declines in the number of species occurred on nearly every continent, starting at various points in the last four decades but largely in the 1990s on most continents. One exception was Australia and nearby islands, where the number of bee species estimated from observations spiked from about 300 to 500 in the 2000s. But species numbers in that region dropped back to 300 in the 2010s. Globally, thousands of bee species have become so rare that they are difficult to find or have gone extinct.

These findings should convince people that bee diversity losses are not confined to specific regions, but “part of larger, worldwide trend,” says Zattara, who is now a visiting scientist at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.

While the study provides an “invaluable” overview, the dataset is surely missing important insect collections from Asia, says bee biologist Natapot Warrit of Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok. He hopes the study encourages other researchers in the region to study and share data on pollinators.

Bees and other insects such as butterflies and flies pollinate more than 75 percent of the most important crop types grown today, scientists say. But these pollinators face multiple threats including the expansion of monoculture crop cultivation, pesticides (SN: 1/17/18), climate change (SN: 9/24/15) and pathogens that can spread with the international bee trade (SN: 1/18/19). Researchers also have suggested bees may be at risk from power lines (SN: 11/12/19).

While their study reveals an ongoing “major global collapse in bee diversity,” the researchers aren’t trying to sound “gloomy or apocalyptic,” Zattara says. Rather, they hope the study prompts other scientists, policy makers and business leaders take action to reverse the decline.

[isslibrary]

NEW LIBRARY MATERIAL September 2020 - February 2021

Bibliography

Sorted by Call Number / Author.

011.7 F

Fadiman, Clifton, 1904-1999. The new lifetime reading plan / : the classical guide to world literature, Revised and expanded. 4th ed. New York : HarperCollins Publishers, 1999, c1997.

155.2 G

Gladwell, Malcolm, 1963-. David and Goliath : underdogs, misfits, and the art of battling giants. First edition. Goliath : "Am I a dog that you should come to me with sticks?" -- The Advantages of Disadvantages (and the Disadvantages of Advantages). Vivek Ranadiv©♭: "It was really random. I mean, my father had never played basketball before." ; Teresa DeBrito: "My largest class was twenty-nine kids. Oh, it was fun." ; Caroline Sacks: "If I'd gone to the University of Maryland, I'd still be in science. -- The Theory of Desirable Difficulty. David Boies: You wouldn't wish dyslexia on your child. Or would you? ; Emil "Jay" Freireich: "How Jay did it, I don't know." ; Wyatt Walker: "De rabbit is de slickest o' all de animals de Lawd ever made." -- The Limits of Power. Rosemary Lawlor: "I wasn't born that way. This was forced upon me." ; Wilma Derksen: "We have all done something dreadful in our lives, or have felt the urge to." ; Andr©♭ Trocm©♭: "We feel obliged to tell you that there are among us a certain number of Jews.". This book uncovers the hidden rules that shape the balance between the weak and the mighty and the powerful and the dispossessed. In it the author challenges how we think about obstacles and disadvantages, offering a new interpretation of what it means to be discriminated against, or cope with a disability, or lose a parent, or attend a mediocre school, or suffer from any number of other apparent setbacks. He begins with the real story of what happened between the giant and the shepherd boy (David and Goliath) those many years ago. From there, the book examines Northern Ireland's Troubles, the minds of cancer researchers and civil rights leaders, murder and the high costs of revenge, and the dynamics of successful and unsuccessful classrooms, all to demonstrate how much of what is beautiful and important in the world arises from what looks like suffering and adversity. -- From book jacket.

170 H

Haidt, Jonathan, author. The happiness hypothesis : finding modern truth in ancient wisdom. Paperback edition. "The Happiness Hypothesis is a book about ten Great Ideas. Each chapter is an attempt to savor one idea that has been discovered by several of the world's civilizations--to question it in light of what we now know from scientific research, and to extract from it the lessons that still apply to our modern lives and illuminate the causes of human flourishing. Award-winning psychologist Jonathan Haidt shows how a deeper understanding of the world's philosophical wisdom and its enduring maxims--like "do unto others as you would have others do unto you," or "what doesn't kill you makes you stronger"--can enrich and even transform our lives."--Back cover.

171 K

Kohn, Alfie. The brighter side of human nature : altruism and empathy in everyday life. New York : Basic Books, c1990.

305.5 W

Wilkerson, Isabel, author. Caste : the origins of our discontents. First edition. The man in the crowd -- Toxins in the permafrost and heat rising all around -- The arbitrary construction of human divisions -- The eight pillars of caste -- The tentacles of caste -- The consequences of caste -- Backlash -- Awakening -- Epilogue: A world without caste. "In this brilliant book, Isabel Wilkerson gives us a masterful portrait of an unseen phenomenon in America as she explores, through an immersive, deeply researched narrative and stories about real people, how America today and throughout its history has been shaped by a hidden caste system, a rigid hierarchy of human rankings. Beyond race, class, or other factors, there is a powerful caste system that influences people's lives and behavior and the nation's fate. Linking the caste systems of America, India, and Nazi Germany, Wilkerson explores eight pillars that underlie caste systems across civilizations, including divine will, bloodlines, stigma, and more. Using riveting stories about people--including Martin Luther King, Jr., baseball's Satchel Paige, a single father and his toddler son, Wilkerson herself, and many others--she shows the ways that the insidious undertow of caste is experienced every day. She documents how the Nazis studied the racial systems in America to plan their out-cast of the Jews; she discusses why the cruel logic of caste requires that there be a bottom rung for those in the middle to measure themselves against; she writes about the surprising health costs of caste, in depression and life expectancy, and the effects of this hierarchy on our culture and politics. Finally, she points forward to ways America can move beyond the artificial and destructive separations of human divisions, toward hope in our common humanity. Beautifully written, original, and revealing, Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents is an eye-opening story of people and history, and a reexamination of what lies under the surface of ordinary lives and of America life today."--.

305.8 W

Williamson, Joel. A rage for order : Black/White relations in the American South since emancipation. New York, NY : Oxford University Press, 1968. Full ed.: published as The crucible of race. 1984. Traces the history of race relations, examines changing public attitudes, and tells the stories of those involved in Civil Rights movement.

305.9 P

Pipher, Mary Bray. The middle of everywhere : the world's refugees come to our town. First edition. Cultural collisions on the Great Plains -- The beautiful laughing sisters-an arrival story -- Into the heart of the heartland -- All that glitters ... -- Children of hope, children of tears -- Teenagers--Mohammed meets Madonna -- Young adults--"Is there a marriage broker in Lincoln?"-- Family--"A bundle of sticks cannot be broken" -- African stories -- Healing in all times and places -- Home-a global positioning system for identity -- Building a village of kindness. Offers the tales of refugees who have escaped countries riddled by conflict and ripped apart by war to realize their dream of starting a new life in America, detailing their triumph over adversity.

306.4 P

Pollan, Michael. The botany of desire : a plant's-eye view of the world. Random House trade pbk. ed. New York : Random House, 2002. Desire : sweetness, plant : the apple (Malus domestica) -- Desire : beauty, plant : the tulip (Tulipa) -- Desire : intoxication, plant : marijuana (Cannabis sativa x indica) -- Desire : control, plant : the potato (Solanum tuberosum). Focusing on the human relationship with plants, the author of Second nature uses botany to explore four basic human desires, sweetness, beauty, intoxication, and control, through portraits of four plants that embody them, the apple, tulip, marijuana, and potato. Every school child learns about the mutually beneficial dance of honeybees and flowers; the bee collects nectar and pollen to make honey and, in the process, spreads the flowers' genes far and wide. In The botany of desire, Michael Pollan ingeniously demonstrates how people and domesticated plants have formed a similarly reciprocal relationship. In telling the stories of four familiar species that are deeply woven into the fabric of our lives, Pollan illustrates how the plants have evolved to satisfy humankind's most basic yearnings. And just as we've benefited from these plants, the plants have done well by us. So who is really domesticating whom?.

307.1 I

Immerwahr, Daniel, 1980-. Thinking small : the United States and the lure of community development. First Harvard University Press paperback edition 2018. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press, 2015. Preface: Modernization, development, and community -- Introduction: Actually existing localism -- When small was big -- Development without modernization -- Peasantville -- Grassroots empire -- Urban villages -- Epilogue: What is dead and what is undead in community development?.

323.60973 I

In the hands of the people : Thomas Jefferson on equality, faith, freedom, compromise, and the art of citizenship. First edition. New York, NY : Random House, 2020. "Thomas Jefferson believed in the covenant between a government and its citizens, in both the government's responsibilities to its people and also the people's responsibility to the republic. In this illuminating collection, a project of the Thomas Jefferson Foundation, #1 New York Times bestselling author Jon Meacham has gathered Jefferson's most powerful and provocative reflections on the subject, drawn from public speeches and documents as well as his private correspondence. Still relevant centuries later, Jefferson's words provide a manual for U.S. citizenship in the twenty-first century. His thoughts will re-shape and revitalize the way readers relate to concepts including Freedom: "Divided we stand, united we fall." The importance of a free press:"Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers, or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter." Public education: "Enlighten the public generally, and tyranny and oppressions of body & mind will vanish like evil spirits at the dawn of day." Participation in government: A citizen should be "a participator in the government of affairs not merely at an election, one day in the year, but every day.""-- Provided by publisher.

324.6 P

Terborg-Penn, Rosalyn. African American women in the struggle for the vote, 1850-1920. Bloomington : Indiana University Press, c1998. Revisiting the question of race in the woman suffrage movement -- African American women in the first generation of woman suffragists : 1850-1869 -- African American woman suffragists finding their own voices : 1870s and 1880s -- Suffrage strategies and ideas : African American women leaders respond during "the nadir" -- Mobilizing to win the vote : African American women's organizations -- Anti-black woman suffrage tactics and African American women's responses -- African American women as voters and candidates -- The nineteenth amendment and its meaning for African American women. This study of African American women's roles in the suffrage movement breaks new ground. Rosalyn Terborg-Penn draws from many original documents to take a comprehensive look at the African American women who sought the right to vote. She discovers numerous Black suffragists previously unknown. Analyzing the women's own stories, she examines why they joined the woman suffrage movement in the United States and how they participated in it - with white women, Black men, as members of African American women's organizations, or simultaneously in all three. Terborg-Penn further discusses their various levels of interaction and types of feminist philosophy. Noting that not all African American woman suffragists were from elite circles, Terborg-Penn finds representation from working-class and professional women as well.They came from all parts of the nation. Some employed radical, others conservative means to gain the right to vote. Black women, however, were unified in working to use the ballot to improve not only their own status, but the lives of Black people in their communities. Drawing from innumerable sources, Terborg-Penn argues that sexism and racism prevented African American women from voting and from full participation in the national suffrage movement. Following the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment, state governments in the South, enacted policies which disfranchised African American women, with many white suffragists closing their eyes to the discriminatory acts. Despite efforts to keep Black women politically powerless, Terborg-Penn contends that the Black suffrage was a source of empowerment. Every political and racial effort to keep African American women disfranchised met with their active resistance until Black women achieved full citizenship.

326.80922 B

Brands, H. W., author. The zealot and the emancipator : John Brown, Abraham Lincoln and the struggle for American freedom. First Edition. Pottawatomie -- Springfield -- Harpers Ferry -- The telegraph office. "What do moral people do when democracy countenances evil? The question, implicit in the idea that people can govern themselves, came to a head in America at the middle of the nineteenth century, in the struggle over slavery. John Brown's answer was violence--violence of a sort some in later generations would call terrorism. Brown was a deeply religious man who heard the God of the Old Testament speaking to him, telling him to do whatever was necessary to destroy slavery. When Congress opened Kansas territory to slavery, the eerily charismatic Brown raised a band of followers to wage war against the evil institution. One dark night his men tore several proslavery settlers from their homes and hacked them to death with broadswords, as a bloody warning to others. Three years later Brown and his men assaulted the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, with the goal of furnishing slaves with weapons to murder their masters in a race war that would cleanse the nation of slavery once and for all. Abraham Lincoln's answer was politics. Lincoln was an ambitious lawyer and former office-holder who read the Bible not for moral guidance but as a writer's primer. He disliked slavery yet didn't consider it worth shedding blood over. He distanced himself from John Brown and joined the moderate wing of the new, antislavery Republican party. He spoke cautiously and dreamed big, plotting his path to Washington and perhaps the White House. Yet Lincoln's caution couldn't preserve him from the vortex of violence Brown set in motion. Arrested and sentenced to death, Brown comported himself with such conviction and dignity on the way to the gallows that he was canonized in the North as a martyr to liberty. Southerners responded in anger and horror that a terrorist was made into a saint. Lincoln shrewdly threaded the needle of the fracturing country and won election as president, still preaching moderation. But the time for moderation had passed. Slaveholders lumped Lincoln with Brown as an enemy of the Southern way of life; seven Southern states left the Union. Lincoln resisted secession, and the Civil War followed. At first a war for the Union, it became the war against slavery Brown had attempted to start. Before it was over, slavery had been destroyed, but so had Lincoln's faith that democracy can resolve its moral crises peacefully"--.

328.73 M

Meacham, Jon, author. His truth is marching on : John Lewis and the power of hope. First edition. Overture: the last march -- A hard life, a serious life -- The spirit of history -- Soul force -- In the image of God and democracy -- We are going to make you wish you was dead -- I'm going to die here -- This country don't run on love -- Epilogue: against the rulers of the darkness. "John Lewis, who at age twenty-five marched in Selma and was beaten on the Edmund Pettus Bridge, is a visionary and a man of faith. Using intimate interviews with Lewis and his family and deep research into the history of the civil rights movement, Meacham writes of how the activist and leader was inspired by the Bible, his mother's unbreakable spirit, his sharecropper father's tireless ambition, and his teachers in nonviolence, Reverend James Lawson and Martin Luther King, Jr. A believer in hope above all else, Lewis learned from a young age that nonviolence was not only a tactic but a philosophy, a biblical imperative, and a transforming reality. At the age of four, Lewis, ambitious to become a preacher, practiced by preaching to the chickens he took care of. When his mother cooked one of the chickens, the boy refused to eat it--his first act of non-violent protest. Integral to Lewis's commitment to bettering the nation was his faith in humanity and in God, and an unshakable belief in the power of hope. Meacham calls Lewis "as important to the founding of a modern and multiethnic twentieth- and twenty-first century America as Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Samuel Adams were to the initial creation of the nation-state in the eighteenth century. He did what he did--risking limb and life to bear witness for the powerless in the face of the powerful--not in spite of America, but because of America, and not in spite of religion, but because of religion"--.

333.95 W

Wilson, Edward O. A window on eternity : a biologist's walk through Gorongosa National Park. First Simon & Schuster hardcover edition. Prologue: The Search for Eternity -- The Sacred Mountain of Mozambique -- Once There Were Giants -- War and Redemption -- Dung and Blood -- The Twenty-Foot Crocodile -- The Elephant Whisperer -- The House of Spiders -- The Clash of Insect Civilizations -- The Log of an Entomological Expedition -- The Struggle for Existence -- The Conservation of Eternity. "E.O. Wilson, one of the most celebrated scientists in the United States, shows why biodiversity is vital to the future of Earth and to our own species through the story of an African national park that may be the most diverse place on earth, in a gorgeously illustrated book"--. "The remarkable story of how one of the most biologically diverse habitats in the world was destroyed, restored, and continues to evolve--with stunning, full-color photographs by two of the world's best wildlife photographers. In 1976, Gorongosa National Park was the premier park in Mozambique, boasting one of the densest wildlife populations in all of Africa. Across 1,500 square miles of lush green floodplains, thick palm forests, swampy lakes, and vast plains roamed creatures great and small, from herds of wildebeest and elephant to countless bird species and insects yet to be classified. Then came the civil war of 1978-1992, when much of the ecosystem was destroyed, reducing some large animal populations by 90 percent or more. Due to a remarkable conservation effort sponsored by an American entrepreneur, the park was restored in the 1990s and is now evolving back to its former state. This is the story of that incredible transformation and why such biological diversity is so important. In A Window on Eternity, world-renowned biologist and two-time Pulitzer Prize-winner Edward O. Wilson shows why biodiversity is vital to the future of the Earth, including our human population. It is in places like Gorongosa in Africa, explains Wilson, that our own species evolved. Wilson takes readers to the forested groves of the park's watershed on sacred Mount Gorongosa, then far away to deep gorges along the edge of the Rift Valley, places previously unexplored by biologists, with the aim of discovering new species and assessing their ancient origins. He treats readers to a war between termites and raider ants, describes 'conversations' with elephant herds, and explains the importance of a one-day 'bioblitz.' Praised as 'one of the finest scientists writing today' (Los Angeles Times), Wilson uses the story of Gorongosa to show the significance of biodiversity to humankind"--.

340.092 S

Sligh, Clarissa T., artist. Transforming hate : an artist's book. First edition. "This book evolved from a project for which I folded origami cranes from pages of white supremacist books for the exhibition, Speaking Volumes: Transforming Hate ... I was trying to look at what it was like for me to turn hateful words into a beautiful art object. What actually evolved from that exploration helped me understand more fully the many levels of oppression and violence at the intersections of race, gender, class and sexual orientation." --inside front cover.

343.730 I

Internet law. Amenia, New York : Grey House Publishing, 2020.

345.73 C

Carter, Dan T. Scottsboro : a tragedy of the American South. Rev. ed. Fourth printing. Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press, 2007.

349.41 H

Honor©♭, Tony, 1921-2019. About law : an introduction. Reprint: 2013. Law -- History -- Government -- Property -- Contracts and treaties -- Crimes -- Torts -- Forms and procedures -- Interpretation -- Justice -- Does law matter? -- Glossary.

363.73 P

Pollution. New York, NY : Grey House Publishing, 2020.

371.102 A

Agarwal, Pooja K., author. Powerful teaching : unleash the science of learning. First edition. Introduction -- Discover the power behind power tools -- Build a foundation with retrieval practice -- Empower teaching with retrieval practice strategies -- Energize learning with spacing and interleaving -- Engage students with feedback-driven metacognition -- Combine power tools and harness your toolbox -- Keeping it real: use power tools to tackle challenges, not add to them -- Foster a supportive environment: use power tools to reduce anxiety and strengthen community -- Spark conversations with students about the science of learning -- Spark conversations with parents about the science of learning -- Powerful professional development for teachers and leaders -- Do-it-yourself retrieval guide -- Conclusion: unleash the science of learning.

512 G

Algebra. 2004. New York : Springer Science+Business Media, 2004.

575.1 A

Arney, Kat, author. How to code a human. Meet your genome -- Our genetic journey -- How do genes work? -- Under attack! -- Who do you think your are? -- People are not peas -- Genetic superheroes -- Turn me on -- Sticky notes -- The RNA world -- Building a baby -- Wiring the brain -- Compatibility genes -- X and Y -- The viruses that made us human -- When things go wrong -- Human 2.0. "How to Code a Human takes you on a mind-bending journey through the world of the double helix, revealing how our DNA encodes our genes and makes us unique. Covering all aspects of modern genetics from the evolution of our species to inherited diseases, "junk" DNA, genetic engineering and the intricacies of the molecular processes inside our cells, this is an astonishing and insightful guide to the code of life"--Back cover.

598 S

Sibley, David, 1961- author, illustrator. What it's like to be a bird : from flying to nesting, eating to singing -- what birds are doing, and why. How to use this book -- Introduction -- Portfolio of birds -- Birds in this book -- What to do if... -- Becoming a birder. Explore more than two hundred species, and more than 330 new illustrations by the author, in this special, large-format volume, where many of the primary illustrations are reproduced life-sized. While its focus is on familiar backyard birds -- blue jays, nuthatches, chickadees -- What It's Like to Be a Bird also examines certain species that can be fairly easily observed, such as the seashore-dwelling Atlantic Puffin. David Sibley's exacting artwork and wide-ranging expertise bring observed behaviors vividly to life. And while the text is aimed at adults -- including fascinating new scientific research on the myriad ways birds have adapted to environmental changes -- it is nontechnical, making it the perfect occasion for parents and grandparents to share their love of birds with young children, who will delight in the big, full-color illustrations of birds in action. -- back cover.

613.6 C

Bushcraft Illustrated: a visual guide. New York, NY : Simon & Schuster, Inc. (Adams Media: imprint of Simon & Schuster), 2019.

638.1 B

Michael Bush. The Practical beekeeper. Nehawka, Nebraska : X-Star Publishing Company, 2004-2011. V. 1 - The Practical Beekeeing Naturally; V.2 - Intermediate Beekeeping Naturally.

660.6 D

Druker, Steven M., author. Altered genes, twisted truth : how the venture to genetically engineer our food has subverted science, corrupted government, and systematically deceived the public.

709.2 A

Atalay, B©ơlent. Math and the Mona Lisa: : the art and science of Leonardo da Vinci. New York, NY : Smithsonian Books in association with HarperCollins Publishers, 2006. Leonardo was one of history's true geniuses, equally brilliant as an artist, scientist, and mathematician. Following Leonardo's own model, Atalay searches for the internal dynamics of art and science. He provides an overview of the development of science from the dawn of civilization to today's quantum mechanics. From this base, Atalay offers a view into Leonardo's restless intellect and modus operandi, allowing us to see the source of his ideas and to appreciate his art from a new perspective.

741.5 G

Greenberg, Isabel. The encyclopedia of early earth : a graphic novel. First American edition. Love in a very cold climate -- Part 1. The land of Nord. The three sisters of Summer Island ; Beyond the frozen sea ; The gods ; The odyssey begins -- Part 2. Britanitarka. Summer and winter ; Creation ; Medicine man ; The storytellers ; Creation ; Dag and Hal ; The old lady and the giant ; The time of the giants ; The children of the mountain ; The long night ; Dead towns & ghost men -- Part. 3. Migdal Bavel. Migdal Bavel ; The mapmaker of Migdal Bavel ; The bible of Birdman: Genesis ; Bible of Birdman, book of Kiddo: The great flood ; The tower of Migdal Bavel ; The palace of whispers ; The gods #2 -- Part 4. The South Pole. The gods #3 -- Appendices. A brief history of time ; The Nords ; Hunting and fishing ; The 1001 varieties of snow ; The invisible hunter ; Britanitarka ; Birds & beast from early Earth ; The moonstone ; The plucked firebird of Hoo. "Chronicles the explorations of a young man as he paddles from his home in the North Pole to the South Pole. There, he meets his true love, but their romance is ill-fated. Early Earth's unusual and finicky polarity means the lovers can never touch"--Publisher's website.

808.1 G

How poetry can change your heart. San Francisco, CA : Chronicle Books, 2019.

808.5 E

Franklin, Sharon. Essentials of speech communication. Evanston, Ill. : McDougal Littell, 2001.

808.53 H

Hanson, Jim. NTC's dictionary of debate. Lincolnwood, Ill., USA : National Textbook Co., c1990.

808.53 W

Strategic debate. Textbook. Columbus, OH : Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 2006.

810.8 B

Lepucki, Edan, author. The best American nonrequired reading 2019. This anthology presents a selection of short works from mainstream and alternative American periodicals published in 2019, including nonfiction, screenplays, television writing, fiction, and alternative comics.

815 R

Representative American speeches, 2019-2020. Amenia, New York : Grey House, Publishing, 2020. "Selected from a diverse field of speakers and venues, this volume offers some of the most engaging American speeches of the year. Distinguished by its diversity, covering areas in politics, education, popular culture, as well as trending topics in the news, these speeches provide an interesting format to explore some of the year's most important stories."-Publisher.

909.09 D

Davis, Jack E., 1956- author. The Gulf : the making of an American sea. First edition. Prologue : history, nature, and a forgotten sea -- Introduction : birth -- Part one. Estuaries, and the lie of the land and sea : aborigines and colonizing Europeans. Mounds -- El golfo de M©♭xico -- Unnecessary death -- A most important river, and a "magnificent" bay -- Part two. Sea and sky : American debuts in the nineteenth century. Manifest destiny -- A fishy sea -- The wild fish that tamed the coast -- Birds of a feather, shot together -- Part three. Preludes to the future. From bayside to beachside -- Oil and the Texas toe dip -- Oil and the Louisiana plunge -- Islands, shifting sands of time -- Wind and water -- Part four. Saturation and loss : post-1945. The growth coast -- Florida worry, Texas slurry -- Rivers of stuff -- Runoff, and runaway -- Sand in the hourglass -- Losing the edge -- Epilogue : a success story amid so much else. Significant beyond tragic oil spills and hurricanes, the Gulf has historically been one of the world's most bounteous marine environments, supporting human life for millennia. Based on the premise that nature lies at the center of human existence, Davis takes readers on a compelling and, at times, wrenching journey from the Florida Keys to the Texas Rio Grande, along marshy shorelines and majestic estuarine bays, both beautiful and life-giving, though fated to exploitation by esurient oil men and real-estate developers. Davis shares previously untold stories, parading a vast array of historical characters past our view: sports-fishermen, presidents, Hollywood executives, New England fishers, the Tabasco king, a Texas shrimper, and a New York architect who caught the "big one". Sensitive to the imminent effects of climate change, and to the difficult task of rectifying the assaults of recent centuries, this book suggests how a penetrating examination of a single region's history can inform the country's path ahead. --.

910.92 I

Inskeep, Steve, author. Imperfect union : how Jessie and John Fr©♭mont mapped the West, invented celebrity, and helped cause the Civil War. Aid me with your influence -- The equal merits of differing peoples -- The current of important events -- Miseries that attend a separation -- I determined to make there a home -- The manifest purpose of providence -- A taste for danger and bold daring adventure -- The Spaniards were somewhat rude and inhospitable -- I am not going to let you write anything but your name -- Do not suppose I lightly interfere in a matter belonging to men -- We pressed onward with fatal resolution -- Jessie Benton Fr©♭mont was the better man of the two -- We thought money might come in handy -- All the stupid laurels that ever grew -- Decidedly, this ought to be struck out -- He throws away his heart. "Steve Inskeep tells the riveting story of John and Jessie Fr©♭mont, the husband and wife team who in the 1800s were instrumental in the westward expansion of the United States, and thus became America's first great political couple John Fr©♭mont grew up amid family tragedy and shame. Born out of wedlock in 1813, he went to work at age thirteen to help support his family in Charleston, South Carolina. He was a nobody. Yet, by the 1840s, he rose to become one of the most acclaimed people of the age -- known as a wilderness explorer, bestselling writer, gallant army officer, and latter-day conquistador, who in 1846 began the United States' takeover of California from Mexico. He was a celebrity who personified the country's westward expansion. Mountains, towns, ships, and streets were named after him. How did he climb so far? A vital factor was his wife, Jessie Benton Fr©♭mont, the daughter of a powerful United States senator. Jessie wanted to play roles in politics and exploration, which were then reserved for men. Frustrated, she threw her skill and passion into promoting her husband. Ordered by the US Army to map the Oregon Trail, John traveled thousands of miles on horseback, indifferent to his safety and that of the other members of his expeditions. When he returned home, Jessie helped him to shape dramatic reports of his adventures, which were reprinted in newspapers and bound as popular books. Jessie became his political adviser, and a power player in her own right. In 1856, the famous couple strategized as John became the first-ever presidential nominee of the newly established Republican Party. The party had been founded in opposition to slavery, and though both Fr©♭monts were Southerners they became symbols of the cause. With rare detail and in consummate style, Steve Inskeep tells the story of a couple whose joint ambitions and talents intertwined with those of the nascent United States itself. Americans linked the Fr©♭monts with not one but three great social movements of the time -- westward settlement, women's rights, and opposition to slavery. Theirs is a surprisingly modern story of ambition and fame; they lived in a time of globalization, technological disruption, and divisive politics that foreshadowed our own. The Fr©♭monts' adventures amount to nothing less than a tour of the early American soul"--.

940.54 S

Sledge, E. B. (Eugene Bondurant), 1923-. China marine. Oxford University Paperback, 2003. Tuscaloosa : University of Alabama Press, c2002. China Marine 1 -- Epilogue: I Am Not the Man I Would Have Been 149.

940.54 T

Terkel, Studs, 1912-2008. "The good war" : an oral history of World War Two. New York : New Press, [1997.

943.36 H

Hunt, Irmgard A. (Irmgard Albine), 1934-. On Hitler's mountain : overcoming the legacy of a Nazi childhood. First Harper Perennial edition. 2006. On writing a childhood memoir -- pt. 1. 1906-1934 : the P©œhlmanns. Roots of discontent ; In search of a future -- pt. 2. 1934-1939 : Hitler's willing followers. The rituals of life ; "Heil Hitler" ; Ominous undercurrents ; Meeting Hitler ; Gathering clouds -- pt. 3. 1939-1945 : war and surrender. Early sacrifice ; Learning to hate school ; Lessons from a wartime friendship ; A weary interlude in Selb ; Hardship and disintegration ; War comes to Berchtesgaden ; The end at last -- pt. 4. 1945-1948 : Bitter justice, or, Will justice be done? Survival under the Star-spangled Banner ; The curse of the past ; Escape from darkness. The author provides an account of her life growing up in Berchtesgaden, a Bavarian village at the foot of Hitler's mountain retreat, discussing a childhood encounter with the Nazi leader, and shedding light on why ordinary Germans, including her parents, tolerated and even supported the Nazis.

951.04 M

Mitter, Rana, 1969- author. Forgotten ally : China's World War II, 1937-1945. First U.S. Edition. The path to war: As close as lips and teeth : China's fall, Japan's rise ; A new revolution ; The path to confrontation -- Disaster: Thirty-seven days in summer : the outbreak of war ; The battle for Shanghai ; Refugees and resistance ; Massacre at Nanjing ; The battle of Taierzhuang ; The deadly river -- Resisting alone: "A sort of wartime normal" ; Flight into the unknown ; The road to Pearl Harbor -- The poisoned alliance ; Destination Burma ; Hunger in Henan ; States of terror ; Conference at Cairo ; One war, two fronts ; Showdown with Stilwell ; Unexpected victory ; Epilogue: The enduring war. "For decades, a major piece of World War II history has gone virtually unwritten. China was the fourth great ally, partner to the United States, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain, yet its drama of invasion, resistance, slaughter, and political intrigue remains little known in the West. In this emotionally gripping book, made possible through access to newly unsealed Chinese archives, Rana Mitter unfurls the story of China's World War II as never before and rewrites the larger history of the war in the process. He focuses his narrative on three towering leaders -- Chiang Kai-shek, Mao Zedong, and the lesser-known collaborator Wang Jingwei -- and extends the timeline of the war back to 1937, when Japanese and Chinese troops began to clash, fully two years before Hitler invaded Poland. Unparalleled in its research and scope, Forgotten Ally is a sweeping, character-driven history that will be essential reading not only for anyone with an interest in World War II, but also for those seeking to understand today's China, where, as Mitter reveals, the echoes of the war still reverberate"--.

952 J

Takada, Noriko. The Japanese way : aspects of behavior, attitudes, and customs of the Japanese. 2nd ed. Chicago : McGraw-Hill, c2011 . Abbreviations and contractions -- Addresses and street names -- Arts and crafts -- Asking directions -- Bathing and bathhouses -- Body language and gestures -- Borrowed words and acronyms -- Bowing -- Brand names and brand-name goods (burando-hin) -- Business cards (meish) -- Calendar -- Cherry blossoms and flower viewing -- Compliments -- Conversation -- Crime and safety -- Dating and marriage -- Death, funerals, and mourning -- Dialects -- Dining out -- Dinner invitations -- Directness -- Discussion and consensus -- Dress -- Drinking -- Driving -- Earthquakes -- Education -- English-language study -- Family -- The Jag and the national anthem -- Flowers and plants -- Food and eating -- Footwear -- Foreigners -- Gender roles -- Geography -- Gifts -- Government -- Hellos and good-byes -- Holidays and festivals -- Honorific speech (keigo) -- Hotels and inns -- Housing and furnishings -- Humor -- The Imperial family -- Individuals and couples -- Introductions and networking -- Karaoke -- Leisure (rgli) -- Letters, greeting cards, and postal services -- Love and affection -- Lucky and unlucky numbers -- Male/female speech -- Money -- Mt. Fuji -- Music and dance -- Myths, legends, and folklore -- Names, titles, and forms of address -- Numbers and counting -- Oriental medicine -- Pinball (pachinko) -- Politeness and rudeness -- Population -- Privacy -- Reading material -- Religion -- The seasons -- Shopping -- Shrines and temples -- Signatures and seals -- Social structure -- Sports -- Table etiquette -- Telephones -- Television/radio/movies -- Thank-yous and regrets -- Theater -- Time and punctuality -- Tipping and service charges -- Toilets -- Travel within Japan -- Vending machines -- Visiting private homes -- Weights, measures, and sizes -- Working hours -- The written language -- "Yes" and "no" -- "You first" -- Zoological calendar.

972.81 P

Proskouriakoff, Tatiana, 1909-1985. Maya history. First edition. Foreword / Gordon R. Wills -- Tatiana Proskouriakoff, 1909-1985 / Ian Graham -- Introduction / Rosemary A. Joyce -- 1. The Earliest Records: (A.D. 288-337) -- 2. The Arrival of Strangers: (A.D. 337-386) -- 3. The Maya Regain Tikal: (A.D. 386-435) -- 4. Some Ragged Pages: (A.D. 435-485) -- 5. Expansion of the Maya Tradition: (A.D. 485-534) -- 6. A Time of Troubles: (A.D. 534-583) -- 7. Recovery on the Frontiers: (A.D. 583-633) -- 8. Growth and Expansion: (A.D. 633-682) -- 9. Toward a Peak of Prosperity: (A.D. 682-736) -- 10. On the Crest of the Wave: (A.D. 731-780) -- 11. Prelude to Disaster: (A.D. 780-830) -- 12. The Final Years: (A.D. 831-909) -- 13. The Last Survivals: (A.D. 909-938). The ruins of Maya city-states occur throughout the Yucatan peninsula, Guatemala, Belize, and in parts of Honduras and El Salvador. But the people who built these sites remain imperfectly known. Though they covered standing monuments (stelae) and public buildings with hieroglyphic records of their deeds, no Rosetta Stone has yet turned up in Central America to help experts determine the exact meaning of these glyphs. Tatiana Proskouriakoff, a preeminent student of the Maya, made many breakthroughs in deciphering Maya writing, particularly in demonstrating that the glyphs record the deeds of actual human beings. This discovery opened the way for a history of the Maya, a monumental task that Proskouriakoff was engaged in before her death in 1985. Her work, Maya History, has been made ready for press by the able editorship of Rosemary Joyce. Maya History reconstructs the Classic Maya period (roughly A.D. 250-900) from the glyphic record on stelae at numerous sites, including Altar de Sacrificios, Copan, Dos Pilas, Naranjo, Piedras Negras, Quirigua, Tikal, and Yaxchilan. Proskouriakoff traces the spread of governmental institutions from the central Peten, especially from Tikal, to other city-states by conquest and intermarriage. And she also shows how the gradual introduction of foreign elements into Maya art mirrors the entry of outsiders who helped provoke the eventual collapse of the Classic Maya. Fourteen line drawings of monuments and over three hundred original drawings of glyphs amplify the text. Maya History has been long awaited by scholars in the field. It is sure to provoke lively debate and greater understanding of this important area in Mesoamerican studies.

973.04 A

Asian Americans : the movement and the moment. A wide-ranging collection of essays and material which documents the rich, little-known history of Asian American social activism during the years 1965-2001. This book examines the period not only through personal accounts and historical analysis, but through the visual record--utilizing historical prictorial materials developed at UCLA's Asian American Studies Center on Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, and Vietnamese Americans. Included are many reproductions of photos of the period, movement comics, demonstration flyers, newsletters, posters and much more.

973.0496 D

W.E.B. DuBois. The Souls of Black Folk. BIGFONTBOOKS.COM.

973.7 B

Barney, William L. Battleground for the Union : the era of the Civil War and Reconstruction, 1848-1877. Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice Hall, c1990.

973.9 I

Imani, Blair, author. Making our way home : the Great Migration and the Black American dream. First edition. Separate but equal: Reconstruction-1919 -- Beautiful -- and ugly, too: 1920-1929 -- I, too, am America: 1930-1939 -- Liberty and justice for all: 1940-1949 -- Trouble ahead: 1950-1959 -- The time is in the street, you know: 1960-1969 -- All poer to all the people: 1970-1979. "A powerful illustrated history of the Great Migration and its sweeping impact on Black and American culture, from Reconstruction to the rise of hip hop. Over the course of six decades, an unprecedented wave of Black Americans left the South and spread across the nation in search of a better life--a migration that sparked stunning demographic and cultural changes in twentieth-century America. Through gripping and accessible historical narrative paired with illustrations, author and activist Blair Imani examines the largely overlooked impact of The Great Migration and how it affected--and continues to affect--Black identity and America as a whole. Making Our Way Home explores issues like voting rights, domestic terrorism, discrimination, and segregation alongside the flourishing of arts and culture, activism, and civil rights. Imani shows how these influences shaped America's workforce and wealth distribution by featuring the stories of notable people and events, relevant data, and family histories. The experiences of prominent figures such as James Baldwin, Fannie Lou Hamer, El Hajj Malik El Shabazz (Malcolm X), Ella Baker, and others are woven into the larger historical and cultural narratives of the Great Migration to create a truly singular record of this powerful journey"--.

973.9 L

Longley, Kyle, author. LBJ's 1968 : power, politics, and the presidency in America's year of upheaval. A nation on the brink: the State of the Union Address, January 1968 -- Those dirty bastards, are they trying to embarrass us? The Pueblo Incident, January-December 1968 -- Tet: a very near thing, January-March 1968 -- As a result, I will not seek re-election: the March 31, 1968 speech -- The days the earth stood still: the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., April 1968 -- He hated him, but loved him: the assassination of Robert Kennedy, June 1968 -- The big stumble: the Fortas Affair, June-October 1968 -- The tanks are rolling: Czechoslovakia crushed, August 1968 -- The perfect disaster: the Democratic National Convention, August 1968 -- Is this treason?: the October surprise that wasn't, October-December 1968 -- The last dance, January 1969 -- Conclusion.

974.7 F

Feldman, Deborah, 1986-. Unorthodox : the scandalous rejection of my Hasidic roots. 1st Simon & Schuster trade pbk. ed. 2020. New York : Simon & Schuster Paperbacks, 2012. Traces the author's upbringing in a Hasidic community in Brooklyn, describing the strict rules that governed her life, arranged marriage at the age of seventeen, and the birth of her son, which led to her plan to leave and forge her own path in life.

975.7 B

Ball, Edward, 1959-. Slaves in the family. Paperback edition. Journalist Ball confronts the legacy of his family's slave-owning past, uncovering the story of the people, both black and white, who lived and worked on the Balls' South Carolina plantations. It is an unprecedented family record that reveals how the painful legacy of slavery continues to endure in America's collective memory and experience. Ball, a descendant of one of the largest slave-owning families in the South, discovered that his ancestors owned 25 plantations, worked by nearly 4,000 slaves. Through meticulous research and by interviewing scattered relatives, Ball contacted some 100,000 African-Americans who are all descendants of Ball slaves. In intimate conversations with them, he garnered information, hard words, and devastating family stories of precisely what it means to be enslaved. He found that the family plantation owners were far from benevolent patriarchs; instead there is a dark history of exploitation, interbreeding, and extreme violence.--From publisher description.

975.7 B

Ball, Edward, 1959-. The sweet hell inside : a family history. First edition. Preface -- Part 1-The Master and His Orphans-Part 2-High Yellow-Porch 3 -Eyes Sadder Then the Grave-Part 4-Nigger Rich-Part 5-The Orphans Dancers-Part 6-A Trunk in the Grass-Notes-Permission and Photography Credits-Acknowledgments-Index. If. Recounts the lives of the Harleston family of South Carolina, the progeny of a Southern gentleman and his slave who cast off their blemished roots and achieved affluence in part through a surprisingly successful funeral parlor business. Their wealth afforded the Harlestons the comfort of chauffeurs, tailored clothes, and servants whose skin was darker than theirs. It also launched the family into a generation of glory as painters, performers, and photographers in the "high yellow" society of America's colored upper class. The Harlestons' remarkable 100-year journey spans the waning days of Reconstruction, the precious art world of the early 1900s, the back alleys of the Jazz Age, and the dawn of the civil rights movement.--From publisher description.

DVD Gre

The Great debaters. 2-disc collector's edition; Widescreen [ed.]. [New York] : Weinstein Company, c2008. Denzel Washington, Nate Parker, Jurnee Smollett, Denzel Whitaker, Jermaine Williams, Forest Whitaker, Gina Ravera, John Heard, Kimberly Elise, Devyn Tyler, Trenton McClain Boyd. Melvin B. Tolson is a professor at Wiley College in Texas. Wiley is a small African-American college. In 1935, Tolson inspired students to form the school's first debate team. Tolson turns a group of underdog students into a historically elite debate team which goes on to challenge Harvard in the national championship. Inspired by a true story.

F Alb

Albertalli, Becky, author. What if it's us. Told in two voices, when Arthur, a summer intern from Georgia, and Ben, a native New Yorker, meet it seems like fate, but after three attempts at dating fail they wonder if the universe is pushing them together or apart.

F Arc

Astral Traveler's Daughter. First Simon & Schuster Trade Paperback edition, April 2019. New York, NY : Simon & Schuster, Inc, 2019. "Last year, Teddy Cannon discovered she was psychic. This year, her skills will be put to the test as she investigates a secretive case that will take her far from home--and deep into the past in the thrilling follow-up to School for Psychics"-- Provided by publisher.

F Chi

Chiaverini, Jennifer, author. Enchantress of numbers : a novel of Ada Lovelace. "The only legitimate child of Lord Byron, the most brilliant, revered, and scandalous of the Romantic poets, Ada was destined for fame long before her birth. Estranged from Ada's father, who was infamously "mad, bad, and dangerous to know," Ada's mathematician mother is determined to save her only child from her perilous Byron heritage. Banishing fairy tales and make-believe from the nursery, Ada's mother provides her daughter with a rigorous education grounded in mathematics and science. Any troubling spark of imagination--or worse yet, passion or poetry--is promptly extinguished. Or so her mother believes. When Ada is introduced into London society as a highly eligible young heiress, she at last discovers the intellectual and social circles she has craved all her life. Little does she realize that her delightful new friendship with inventor Charles Babbage--brilliant, charming, and occasionally curmudgeonly--will shape her destiny ..."--Jacket.

F Chr

Christie, Michael, 1976- author. Greenwood : a novel. First U.S. edition. "It's 2038 and Jake Greenwood is a storyteller and a liar, an overqualified tour guide babysitting ultra-rich vacationers in one of the world's last remaining forests. It's 2008 and Liam Greenwood is a carpenter, fallen from a ladder and sprawled on his broken back, calling out from the concrete floor of an empty mansion. It's 1974 and Willow Greenwood is out of jail, free after being locked up for one of her endless series of environmental protests: attempts at atonement for the sins of her father's once vast and violent timber empire. It's 1934 and Everett Greenwood is alone, as usual, in his maple syrup camp squat when he hears the cries of an abandoned infant and gets tangled up in the web of a crime that will cling to his family for decades. And throughout, there are trees: thrumming a steady, silent pulse beneath Christie's effortless sentences and working as a guiding metaphor for withering, weathering, and survival. A shining, intricate clockwork of a novel, Greenwood is a rain-soaked and sun-dappled story of the bonds and breaking points of money and love, wood and blood--and the hopeful, impossible task of growing toward the light"--.

F Cle

Memoirs of Fanny Hill. Published by arrangement with Edito-Service S. A., Geneva, Switzerland. New York, NY : Peebles Press International Inc, 1973.

F Col

Andre's Reboot. Birmingham, AL : Stephen B. Coleman, Publisher, 2019.

F Def

Moll Flanders. Reprint. 2020. Columbia, SC, : August 12, 2020.

F Def

Defoe, Daniel, 1661?-1731. The fortunes and misfortunes of the famous Moll Flanders ... A new edition.

F Fit

Fitzgerald, F. Scott (Francis Scott), 1896-1940, author. The great Gatsby. Foreword to the seventy-fifth anniversary edition: F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby, and the House of Scribner ; Preface / by Matthew J. Bruccoli -- THE GREAT GATSBY -- The text of The Great Gatsby / by Matthew J. Bruccoli -- Publisher's afterword / Charles Scribner III -- FSF : life and career / James L.W. West III. Overview: The mysterious Jay Gatsby embodies the American notion that it is possible to redefine oneself and persuade the world to accept that definition. Gatsby's youthful neighbor, Nick Carraway, fascinated with the display of enormous wealth in which Gatsby revels, finds himself swept up in the lavish lifestyle of Long Island society during the Jazz Age. Considered Fitzgerald's best work, The Great Gatsby is a mystical, timeless story of integrity and cruelty, vision and despair. The timeless story of Jay Gatsby and his love for Daisy Buchanan is widely acknowledged to be the closest thing to the Great American Novel ever written.

F Jam

The Turn of the Screw, the Aspern Papers, and Two Stories. Barnes & Noble Classics, 2003; Intro. and notes by David L. Sweet. New York, NY : Barnes & Noble, 2003.

F Ora

Orange, Tommy, 1982- author. There there. First Vintage books edition. Here is a story of several people, each of whom has private reasons for travelling to the Big Oakland Powwow. Jacquie Red Feather is newly sober and trying to make it back to the family she left behind in shame. Dene Oxendene is pulling his life together after his uncle's death and has come to work at the powwow to honour his uncle's memory. Opal Viola Victoria Bear Shield has come to watch her nephew Orvil Red Feather, who has taught himself traditional Indian dance through YouTube videos and has come to the powwow to dance in public for the very first time. There will be glorious communion, and a spectacle of sacred tradition and pageantry. And there will be sacrifice, and heroism, and unspeakable loss.

F Pat

Patchett, Ann, author. The Dutch house : a novel. First edition. "Ann Patchett, the New York Times bestselling author of Commonwealth and State of Wonder, returns with her most powerful novel to date: a richly moving story that explores the indelible bond between two siblings, the house of their childhood, and a past that will not let them go"--.

F Rob

Roberts, Nora, author. The awakening. First edition. "#1 New York Times bestselling author of the epic Chronicles of The One trilogy returns with the first in a brand new series where parallel worlds clash over the struggle between good and evil"--.

F Row

Rowling, J. K. Harrius Potter et philosophi lapis. Cover illustration first pub. 2015. London : Bloomsbury, 2003, ℗♭1997. Latin translation, Peter Needham, 2003. Rescued from the outrageous neglect of his aunt and uncle, a young boy with a great destiny proves his worth while attending Hogwarts School for Witchcraft and Wizardry.

F Rus

Russell, Karen, 1981-. Swamplandia! 1st ed (Borzoi Book). New York : Alfred A. Knopf, 2011. Twelve year old Ava must travel into the Underworld part of the swamp in order to save her family's dynasty of Bigtree alligator wresting. This novel takes us to the swamps of the Florida Everglades, and introduces us to Ava Bigtree, an unforgettable young heroine. The Bigtree alligator wrestling dynasty is in decline, and Swamplandia!, their island home and gator wrestling theme park, formerly no. 1 in the region, is swiftly being encroached upon by a fearsome and sophisticated competitor called the World of Darkness. Ava's mother, the park's indomitable headliner, has just died; her sister, Ossie, has fallen in love with a spooky character known as the Dredgeman, who may or may not be an actual ghost; and her brilliant big brother, Kiwi, who dreams of becoming a scholar, has just defected to the World of Darkness in a last ditch effort to keep their family business from going under. Ava's father, affectionately known as Chief Bigtree, is AWOL; and that leaves Ava, a resourceful but terrified thirteen, to manage ninety eight gators as well as her own grief. Against a backdrop of hauntingly fecund plant life animated by ancient lizards and lawless hungers, the author has written a novel about a family's struggle to stay afloat in a world that is inexorably sinking.

F Sha

Shaw, Irwin, 1913-1984. The young lions. Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 2000.

F Tol

The Hobbit. 75th Anniversary. The text of this edition is based on edition published by HarperCollins Publishers in 1995. Bilbo Baggins, a respectable, well-to-do hobbit, lives comfortably in his hobbit-hole until the day the wandering wizard Gandalf chooses him to take part in an adventure from which he may never return.

F Tow

Towles, Amor. Rules of civility. A chance encounter with a handsome banker in a jazz bar on New Year's Eve 1938 catapults Wall Street secretary Katey Kontent into the upper echelons of New York society, where she befriends a shy multi-millionaire, an Upper East Side ne'er-do-well, and a single-minded widow.

F Wat

Watson, Ren©♭e, author. Piecing me together. Tired of being singled out at her mostly-white private school as someone who needs support, high school junior Jade would rather participate in the school's amazing Study Abroad program than join Women to Women, a mentorship program for at-risk girls. "Acclaimed author Renee Watson offers a powerful story about a girl striving for success in a world that too often seems like it's trying to break her. Jade believes she must get out of her poor neighborhood if she's ever going to succeed. Her mother tells her to take advantage of every opportunity that comes her way. And Jade has: every day she rides the bus away from her friends and to the private school where she feels like an outsider, but where she has plenty of opportunities. But some opportunities she doesn't really welcome, like an invitation to join Women to Women, a mentorship program for "at-risk" girls. Just because her mentor is black and graduated from the same high school doesn't mean she understands where Jade is coming from. She's tired of being singled out as someone who needs help, someone people want to fix. Jade wants to speak, to create, to express her joys and sorrows, her pain and her hope. Maybe there are some things she could show other women about understanding the world and finding ways to be real, to make a difference.".

F Wil

Williams, Katie, 1978- author. Tell the machine goodnight. Pearl's job is to make people happy. Every day, she provides customers with personalized recommendations for greater contentment. She's good at her job, her office manager tells her, successful. But how does one measure an emotion? Meanwhile, there's Pearl's teenage son, Rhett. A sensitive kid who has forged an unconventional path through adolescence, Rhett seems to find greater satisfaction in being unhappy. The very rejection of joy is his own kind of "pursuit of happiness." As his mother, Pearl wants nothing more than to help Rhett--but is it for his sake or for hers? Certainly it would make Pearl happier. Regardless, her son is one person whose emotional life does not fall under the parameters of her job--not as happiness technician, and not as mother, either.-Amazon.

SC D

The Daniel Defoe Collection : The Life and strange surprising adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, Mariner; The farther adventures of Robinson Crusoe; A journal of the plague year; Moll Flanders. South Carolina, USA, : August 2020.

SC L

Link, Kelly, author. Get in trouble : stories. Random House trade paperback edition. The summer people -- I can see right through you -- Secret identity -- Valley of the girls -- Origin story -- The lesson -- The new boyfriend -- Two houses -- Light. A collection of short stories features tales of a young girl who plays caretaker to mysterious guests at the cottage behind her house and a former teen idol who becomes involved in a bizarre reality show.

SC P

Packer, ZZ. Drinking coffee elsewhere. 1st Riverhead trade pbk. ed. New York : Riverhead Books, 2004, ℗♭2003. Brownies -- Every tongue shall confess -- Our Lady of Peace -- The ant of the self -- Drinking coffee elsewhere -- Speaking in tongues -- Geese -- Doris is coming. Discovered by The New Yorker, Packer "forms a constellation of young black experience"* whether she's writing from the perspective of a church-going black woman who has a crisis in faith, a young college student at Yale, or a young black man unwillingly accompanying his father to the Million Man March. This universally appealing collection of short fiction has already established ZZ Packer as "a writer to watch.".

SC S

Sedaris, David, author. Calypso. First edition. When he buys a beach house on the Carolina coast, David Sedaris envisions long, relaxing vacations spent playing board games and lounging in the sun with those he loves most. And life at the Sea Section, as he names the vacation home, is exactly as idyllic as he imagined, except for one tiny, vexing realization: it's impossible to take a vacation from yourself. Sedaris sets his powers of observation toward middle age and mortality, that vertiginous moment when your own body betrays you and you realize that the story of your life is made up of more past than future.

SC S

Sedaris, David, author. Let's explore diabetes with owls. First Back Bay paperback edition, June 2014. From the perils of French dentistry to the eating habits of the Australian kookaburra, from the squat-style toilets of Beijing to the particular wilderness of a North Carolina Costco, we learn about the absurdity and delight of a curious traveler's experiences. Whether railing against the habits of litterers in the English countryside or marveling over a disembodied human arm in a taxidermist's shop, Sedaris takes us on side-splitting adventures that are not to be forgotten.

[andthisiswitchcraft]

Pretty shit at bio posts like these, so here we go...

My name is Kittee. I come from a mixed Jewish and Appalachian Methodist family.

Super queer and polyam.

Southern Swamp child currently living in the Forest-rich Oregon.

I have two children, own a business as an herbalist and folk magic & medicine practitioner, making various natural products focused in ritual and wellness.

— I’ve spent my quarantine studying Ayurvedic medicine, but have been working with herbs and green witchery for years.

I have also been doing hair for 8+ years, and am a master colorist, and am a classically trained musician since the age of 6!

I’m a beekeeper of honeybees and mason bees, and pollinator-focused permaculture urban farmer.

Magic and mysticism has been a part of my life since birth. I was born with “the Sight,” as my mother called it.

My connections in magic began with nature and the elements. Developing a trusting relationship with each element and what they provide, and the living things that depend on these elements- and a need to care for them. I am a huge advocate for environmental health and biodiversity- and believe it is a priority especially as a practitioner of magic.

I practice a very widely diverse path of magic.

Largely rooted in my ancestral folk magic traditions and energy work.

I find magic in everything- especially the mundane.

I am a devotee of Freya and Brigid, and occasionally Hekate and Danu make their rounds with me. Ancestral veneration is an important part of my practice as well. I am the mama friend to everybody. If you need a mama I’m your mom now ❤️

I take pride in being the person to help my people hex their abusers, and taking power back from oppressing situations.

I honestly don’t know what else to put here. Fuck 12, fuck Trump, fuck nazis. Don’t litter. Drink water. Love you.

Kittee

[its-moth-time]

taggy thingy

tagged by: @thatlosernoonelikes

rules: answer 21 questions then tag 21 people

name: nell

nicknames: nellie, nello, nellothy, nelliford, honeybee

gender: female

star sign: pisces

current time: EST 7:15 pm

favorite artists: um um um i listen to a lotta artists but prollyyyyy hozier or 5 seconds of summer lol (specifically old 5sos)

song stuck in my head: wish - trippie mix by diplo and trippie red

last movie i saw: jurassic world fallen kingdom (i CRIED)

last thing i googled: regression to the mean

other blogs: just this one!

do i get asks: noooo but i would answer em if i did

reason for url: when i looked up my name in urban dictionary, one of the entries just said “nell is a moth” so now its my brand

following: 193

average sleep: 5-6 hours maybeee

lucky number: 7

currently wearing: orange route 11 potato chips mama zuma shirt, green christmas vacation sweatshirt, red sweatpants from school, red corgi socks, star and moon earrings

dream job: marine biologist! (specifically studying fish in the parts of the sea where its rlly fuckin dark (like deep sea/abyssal plain or trenches) and we’ve only ever seem them shits on camera and they all look like aliens)

dream trip: germany or japan or maybe going back to italy, OH OR SCOTLAND

favorite food: veal marsala, bulgogi, pho, any asian food really (the veal is italian tho), and schnitzel (veal again oops)

instruments: double bass, electric bass, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, ukulele, timpani, kazoo (lol)

favorite song: thats hard so im doing 4; wish - trippie mix by diplo and trippie red, happy song by bring me the horizon, CITY OF ANGELS by 24kgoldn, and supernova by ansel elgort

tagging: @adorablegorilla @bunnyramen @pika-pika-pikachu @icanient @youhyakuya @runningwithlovingdreams ummmm i dont really know anyone else lol

[tajfoodpk0]

Race Traders

At the food industry, it really is all about trends. Foods labeled'organic' are all the rave. But, what can you know by food? Is purchasing or farming of goods a thing? Is there any any urban myths and misconceptions regarding foods?Organic versus (100-percent ) Organic -The primary huge big difference we will want to understand is that not all of organic meals in the sector is one hundred per cent natural. In identifying this difference labelling plays an crucial function. Back in India, an individual may receive a plantation certified with a complete host of certifying agencies permitted under the National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP), and also some other food thing may possibly abide by a or most organic certificate standards. Listed below Are the Best ten advantages of eating organic foods: #10 Natural and Organic Food Tastes GreaterAt PacMoore, we are devoted to food producing in every business. In food that is organic we support our clients and choices fulfill up with troubles. Get in touch with us to learn much more. Indeed. For starters, how we can cite three motives:Just The Way Organic is'Organic'? – screening foods for chemicals is still quite a potential. While folks are continuously devising new means of discovering pesticides and impurities in vegetables and milk, for today the only remedy to creating sure that you're eating 100 percent organic food is to... develop your food.The farmers do not make dollars. On those high fees we as consumers cover organic food. Los-Angeles-catering-Smog-Shoppe-best-wedding-vendors-LA-real-wedding-beautiful-bride-17-of-26 catering san diego wedding catering No 4 It's trendy to consume OrganicTen years ago natural and natural farming did exist in the States. Today the future of organic farming is appearing bright. With luck, this short article helped you to understand more about great things about eating natural and organic meals and looking for fixing choices. It's by no means too late to start. Additionally, it is never too late to share this short article and spread about the huge benefits of natural eating and catering!Just how do taste and appearance compare to traditional meals?The American Academy of Environmental Medicine asserts that"Several creature studies indicate acute health risks associated with GMO foods items," including resistant ailments, rapid aging, and affects in organs that are major, along with infertility.What exactly are foods?#Inch Vote With Your WalletHowever, with so much natural and organic and natural material on the marketplace, it is hard for your normal user to sift genuine organic create from something which could be just cashing in on the trend. Just just how do you be certain what we are consuming is genuinely chemical-free? Always certainly a couple checks are to do so, although it is perhaps not easy."natural compounds vary in their composition of nourishment along with other biologically relevant substances. Various cultivars of the exact crop may vary in composition, which can also vary based on other things , growing states, period, and also pesticide and fertilizer regimen. Factors such as breed and age of the creature, consuming routine, and season can likewise affect the nutrient makeup of livestock services and products. This variability in nutrient material could be further affected through the storage, transportation, and prep of the food stuffs until they attain the bowl of their user. An understanding of the factors that influence nutrient variability in crops and livestock services and products is essential for its design and interpretation of analysis on differences from the nutrient content of produced and conventionally produced food stuffs." 1#9 Natural Meals vs. ChemicalsWhen someone who grew up on a farm in MinnesotaI know all too well of the damaging impact of synthetic pesticides and artificial fertilizers. Sadly, I understood farmers that died from contact with compounds and've witnessed the chemicals impacting the local water table and pollution levels inside the soil.#8 Natural and Organic Foods Has Better Nutrition Unless the product certainly says completely natural and organic, you have to look into the certification standards of this tag on the own food to know precisely how all-natural the meals will be.blog

The worldwide caliber of announcing whatever organic takes it to function as strictly chemical and pesticide-free however India doesn't always comply with rules. The Telangana State Seed & Organic Certification Authority, for instance, recently tested a sample of food at India to find that just about all the sample contained chemical residuse.By acquiring natural foodstuff you are supporting great farmers! Scale fewer crops per nest Natural and organic farmers cover to generally meet standards and boost energy on plots of property they have room. Most of this implies more charges and hazard . Avoiding meat and Exhibiting our support on the industry is equally crucial. "Lots of people possess an opinion about whether organic food is greater (or equally or less) healthful compared to conventional food. It may be shocking to know only a very small quantity of scientific tests have dealt with this query. There are, nevertheless, quite a few studies that compare the vitamin antioxidant, anti oxidant contents of conventional and organic fruits and vegetables, or the fatty acid composition of conventional and organic milk. The reason is that it is far more easy to gauge the vitamin content of fruit than to measure in case one is fitter. As a way to quantify healthiness, one would need to have a group of individuals ingesting just organic and just another one eating only normal foodstuff, then after a little few years compare that group is fitter (this sort of scientific tests have been discussed in greater detail further below). People are hard to scientists and control inside such a study can, for example, perhaps maybe not record their own food ingestion correctly. Even more importantly: there is not any recognized method of measuring if someone is'wholesome'." 5What to perform? In short, do your homework and prepare ahead. What plants come in period? What exactly ingredients are great for your region? The further you comprehend the narrative of one's own food products, the higher you are able to serve the consumer.A 20 17 study from Penn State shows that longterm vulnerability to pesticide has serious health risks. "Suspected persistent effects from contact with certain pesticides incorporate birth defects, toxicity to your fetus, production of benign or cancerous tumors, genetic changes, blood diseases, nerve disorders, endocrine disturbance, and reproductive outcomes "Ground water pollution is just one of the main reasons for chemicals seeping into crops, increasing a big question about the way all-natural any food manufactured in India is. Rainwater harvesting can be a solution -- farms.Number 5 You Are Allergic Excellent FarmersOrganic farmers use variable harvesting techniques by optimizing what is accessible in their mind. They work with vegetable spoilage and natural animal droppings because resources of fertilizers. Also, biologically pesticides are traditionally used to battle insects off.Though the long-term effects of GMO on people is up to debate, the effects GMO meals consumed on creatures is still somewhat regarding.Licensed USDA organic foodstuff has no chemicals and hereditary tamperingthat can change the flavor of a few your favorite meals. 1 important advantage of consuming natural and natural foods is that veggies and fruits taste the direction that they were designed to style.It all started in the autumn of 2006 when beekeepers across the U.S. began reporting enormous declines for their own bee colonies. In a few reportsup to ninety percentage of those hives were also empty. It's really a serious illness frequently referred to as, Colony Collapse disor der.While investigation has indicated that pesticides on their own are not a passing threat for bees, even those synthetic compounds drastically weaken the insect's defense mechanisms and help it become vunerable to Nosema, a gut parasite which can eliminate entire extremes of bees. Research from France additionally unearthed these pesticides cloud the honeybee's brain and also alter its own behavior to work correctly over the retina.why not look here

A study published in the British Journal of Nutrition found that natural and natural meals develops quicker, due to fertilizersthat induces vegetables and fruits to build up better sugars and starches. The result of these vitamins and starches is your produce includes a much better taste and texture to it than non-toxic produce.Consultation-cta-300x59 catering san diego wedding catering"Intakes of fruit and veggies tend to be low in contrast with existing dietary guidelines, particularly in those of lesser levels of educational attainment and social class. Composite foods really are an important source of veggies (significantly much less importantly of good fresh fruit ) and should really be involved when picking vegetable intakes. Failure to do so might lead to prejudice in estimates of intake and of compliance with dietary principles for population groups, together with misclassification of an individual by degree of intake" 8 They're packed with nutrients and healthful for everybody. Investigation has been for more validations in contrast to food, notably about the absorption of fats vitamins, and minerals.Many studies report that natural and organic and natural ingestion is carefully linked to some other wellness insurance and life style indexes, e.g., consumers often have higher income and education, have lesser body-mass indicator (BMI), are more physically energetic, and consume healthier diets than people that do not seldom use food. However, this pattern will not necessarily apply if organic foodstuff ingestion is connected to a alternative life style that includes vegetarianism, environmentalism, or other ideologies. Studies show that ordinary organic ingestion does not stick to a regular age gradient however can be seen in both young adult (40 years) age classes also that organic consumers often belong to homes with kids than do nonorganic consumers" TwoThings to perform? The clear answer is often as easy as observation, although for foods manufacturers accustomed to a shelf lifetime that is forgiving , natural and organic food production may be hard. This means having a labeling system which clearly says day of manufacturing (or harvesting), date of birth and some other risks particular to the ingredient type. With a"first in, first out" coverage that you're better built to combat the clock and then also deliver organic food products that are safe and also appealing.M.p>"organic and natural meals have stringent rules in regards to the sum of unprocessed contaminants enabled for safe ingestion. It has also been discovered that these foods just contain small heights of these contaminants. Whether or not picking out foods that are non-organic or organic, experts concur that the perfect way to safeguard ourselves is always to rinse all fruits and vegetables under running water. Because cutting on out the rinds can bring contaminants into the generate from your rind Goods with inedible skins ought to be washed, such as melons and also cantaloupes. The information out of the studies below additionally shows no significant flavor difference in between organically grown and conventionally grown meals. Alternatively, flavor variations seem in the future in its maturity, its own growing conditions, along with the foods number and crop time. Unlike the past, many of today's organic foods compare very positively in appearance using conventionally grown food items ." 4Comprehension Certificates and expectations - A natural plantation may strive to go certified by Indian and global standards each. You are able to get many different organic foods certificates, such as for example United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), Agricultural & Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) authorised bodies, EU natural standard and much also more. The further certifications, the greater the probability of the foods getting 100 percent organic and natural.Eating organic food means your food has been kept to some greater standard.more information

Organic food needed to fulfill a top amount of requirements until the FDA will announce a meals items"Certified Organic." It follows the farmer that climbed your tomato set plenty of power into ensuring their field was compound free. It can take years until the water and soil tables are free of poisons to grow organic and natural produce.A sort of food using least five percent of its ingredients coming from organic origin is called mix. Composite food items could be labeled as'organic foods'.©markbrooke.comWhat to perform? An integral grade of meals is the absence of chemical insect control at every point. Natural farmers have a different set of tools to keeping pests . Diversified crops, for instance, drive back a single crippling infestation. And Plants like cows have provided distance to move, that means no less want. Handlers are turning to pure repellents like citrus and vinegar to protect substances.Consuming natural can on occasion be a struggle, however, it's all worth every penny ; not just for your own community and also the environment, also for the preservation of our precious planet Earth.The term describes to all foods that are chosen out of organic farming, whereby organic processes instills all the uses of industrially made pesticides, fertilizers, or some other additives that encourage rapid or synthetic expansion.When purchased in the plantation, natural and organic food is more usually skinnier and not as expensive. Getting access might be difficult; rather they're offered by the supermarket. Butter Natural and organic milk, bread, pasta, leafy greens, and herbs are more expensive in comparison to poor food. But, if it is possible to spare time and effort, it pays to shop around to receive the handiest prices.Number 3 Natural and Natural and Natural Products are Nongmo Wrightwood-Guest-Ranch-Wedding-California-wedding-venues-Los-Angels-wedding-catering-best-los-angeles-catering-organic-catering-best-san-diego-catering-21 catering Hillcrest wedding catering.2. Humans are not the only people who need your food. The war between people and pests is as old as the species, plus it will not end any moment soon. However, we were given a crystal clear edge over rodents, insects, bacteria and insects by contemporary food fabricating processes. By moving in the direction of foods, we're revisiting some challenges created harder by unprecedented population development.Should you would like to get some great benefits of eating more healthy than you'd certainly be sensible to increase organic fruits and vegetables into your cart. Certified organic produce comprises higher quantities of vitamins and minerals. In fact, a report from Organic.org says that certified natural fruits and vegetables contain up to 21.1% more iron, 29.3percent more calcium, 18 percent more antioxidants, and a whopping 27% more vitamin C. All that extra nutrition better equips the body to fortify your immunity system, reduce your blood pressure, also slow down the effects of ageing.With natural and natural farming, compounds utilized as fertilizers have been traditionally used in extremely smaller quantities, in case any. Wild species do not arrive in contact harmful industrial drainage as they would with conventional farming, and mutation of species has been dramatically reduced. As such, animals and feedstock are maintained in benign and natural environments.The organic food industry has struggled hard to continue to keep GMOs out from their FDA's natural and organic certification approach. It follows that all organic and natural foods are inherently non-GMOs.The India natural and organic emblem, a bird symbol, is an equally important check within this regard. If you're dedicated enough, you could even resort to legwork and due diligence to in fact assess how a farm wherever your meal is arriving from uses water. Many organic farms are open to public and anybody can go and check their practices anytime.Inch.look at these guys

You are racing the clock. Not in all cases, however in most especially when you take into account organic and natural produce and meats. However, the components utilised in producing organic food items are more vulnerable to decay leading to fluctuations in temperature."The term"organically grown meals" finds products which have been manufactured in light of the principles and principles of organic agriculture. Organic and natural agricultural and food processing clinics are far reaching and complete attempt to boost the growth of the food production system that's socially, ecologically, and economically sustainable. The crucial principles and practices of organic foods production make an effort to motivate and enhance biological cycles within the farming strategy to keep and increase longterm fertility of soils, to further diminish all sorts of contamination, in order to steer clear of using artificial fertilizers and pesticides, to keep genetic diversity of this manufacturing procedure, to further consider the wider social and ecological effects of the foodstuff creation and processing strategy, and also to produce foods of high quality in adequate volume. Certified organic and natural fiber and food products and services are the ones that have been produced based on standards that are documented " 33. Your client foundation is grand. Before manufacturing meals have been entirely distributed locally. That is harder to complete in a civilization of commuting and online ordering."'' There are numerous distinct reasons why consumers might opt to buy natural food, for example concerns about the surroundings and using pesticides, concerns regarding intensified farming procedures, or so the understanding that natural food is safer or more nutritious than conventionally produced foods items. Furthermore, as some businesses of the population have become more thinking about wellbeing and health, there has become an greater requirement for far more'natural', less processed foods. This may have led to the greater requirement, as men and women perceive organic foods because an even 'pure' option. Though organic foods tend to be greater at price (mainly because of this decrease efficacy of organic crops)they appear to have grown to be more and more common." 9Some of the primary added benefits of eating grown organically is that you eliminate exposure to these varieties of compounds.What to do? In this regard, temperature control is critical. As important as attaining the best temperature is currently keeping it. No Thing rates rust such as a temperature swing. To adopt organic foods at a industry, invest in top-quality climate control for your motor vehicles.Once a farm becomes certified natural, a few devious farms may deceive consumers by unethically providing their manufacture under a tag by coming to a private monetary structure. To complicate matters even more, there's also the other hand. Not every UN certified foods items is rotten. Little farmers who perform the fantastic job and produce natural and organic plants regularly believe it is overly awkward or embarrassing to acquire the proper certificate.Much like almost any emerging marketplace, natural food manufacturing is confronting its own share of growing pains. Meals suppliers have grown accustomed to processes that, whereas safe and efficient, usually do not fall underneath the umbrella that was all-natural. Below are a few of the common troubles for producing and distributing quality food items that are organic.Only puta item is organic in case it is produced in a farming system which utilizes no chemical substances, fertilizers, GMOs or artificial additives. Instead it relies on biological insect controllers, plant and animal manure, and crop rotation.site link

It's good also our planet, and for us. Following environmentally conscionable Agroecology policies in growing food ensures that a far greater future for our biodiversity and is mutually beneficial for us, including, many consider, reducing the probability of most cancers.It's tricky to discover a supermarket now it doesn't have a natural produce element. This is only because the organic food industry is booming. The Organic Trade Association claims Americans now spend 4-7 billion dollars a year on organic food. That's a 3.7 billion dollar rise from the former year and now there aren't any symptoms of down it.The environment, consisting of lakes, rivers, seas and other bodies of water, also could be protected against dangerous, intensive harvesting and dangerous compounds, and ideally, our planet's fertility could be preserved for a lot of upcoming generations.Sure! I mentioned, healthier extra fat! The gain of consuming protein such as beef, chicken, porkfish signifies you are giving the human own body a greater dose of less of those cholesterol rising fats found in livestock and also these enviable efas increased thickly. Natural and organic milk has 50 percent more omega3 efas compared to milk.Organic agriculture refers to your style of farming whereby temperament is the sole way of growth. How is this done? Manufacturing is got with minimal environmental or environmental damage. Local communities have been retained safe as well as a workable source of cash flow can be accessed. The develop, can be the corn or the vegetables and fruits and the spices, daals and other foods are all organic simply due to the fact there wasn't any agro-chemicals.Certification warrants that organic foods abounds using rather significant standards of traceability; promising that compounds that are dangerous are not introduced into any of many heights of organic farming.No 7 rescue Your Bees!Are natural and natural solutions cheaper than food?One of the absolute most powerful added benefits of selecting organic foods means you are voting with your pocket. Every purchase you create non-organic farmers, grocers, GMO labs, and compound companies know that that you don't encourage the industry. This motivates conventional farmers to consider the capacity of changing to organic farming.Exploring the topic of GMO's (Genetically Modified Organisms) reveals so many points of view it'll make your face damage. Some state it's going to save humankind, while some assert the contrary."throughout the world interest in organic food products has been expand fast particularly in developed nations. Requirement is fueled partly by increased client awareness of the connection between diet and health, exceptionally publicized food safety cases like the incidence of E. coli-contaminated make and also the perceived environmental advantages of organically grown foods. A growing number of individuals are prepared to pay premium costs for natural produce thanks that natural and organic products are better-tasting, clean, fitter, healthy, safe and friendlier . Accordinglythe disagreement on the quality and protection of natural and organic as opposed to conventionally grown foods items has intensified as is shared with any debate between public understanding, proponents of either side have cited scientific tests because proof in aid of their claims." 1-1Organic create in greenhouseAs stated previously, longterm exposure to tiny levels of pesticide can mount as much as and including deadly impact on living creatures. It should be no surprise that our little pollinator close friends, that have come in direct contact with vegetation and flowers coated with those pesticides on a daily basis, are falling victim to those toxic chemicals at an alarming rate. With nearly 75 percent of overall food crops inside the U.S. benefiting from pollination, getting organic create can help push conventional farmers away from those practices that are hazardous.What is food?Cost, in reality, must not be one factor. There is no real reason behind organic foodstuff to become costlier than non-toxic, also also pros agree that there is barely any gap in the expense of normal and organic farming.It is.click this link now

Are organic foods more healthy?In the United States, natural and natural foods is accredited institutionally by regularly maintaining top excellent management, in addition to verifying adherence to regulations and adequacy of organic markers. If a item is labeled as organic, an individual can make positive no synthetic sweeteners or colorings are inserted.'' the United Nations' new declaration of Sikkim because the planet's earliest natural State has brought the large organic debate right back into focus: what exactly is organic -- and also how do we differentiate a genuine organic item? "The strengths and flaws of organic food and farming since currently practiced are identified in this newspaper. Natural and organic agriculture is a more highly renewable and multi faceted system, internalizing ecological issues and also economizing resources that are normal; it has positive effects in the diversity of fields, farms, landscapes and species. Ethical values, such as humans and animals' wellbeing, are high on the schedule, and also involvement of stakeholders in addition to responsibility figure along the food series. Natural agriculture is especially suited with no recourse to trade barriers to this empowerment of regional economies. Top high quality food and sensible nutrition are intrinsic aspects of organic foodstuffs, so that natural nutrition can be still a beacon for modern day life styles and nourishment" 10"natural farming uses various approaches to boost maintain soil fertility, for example as crop rotation, tillage and cultivation techniques, protect plants, and natural compounds (for example, natural fertilizers, pesticides, and so on). The use of synthetic materials is not permitted in farming until the materials have been about the Natl. set of Allowed and Prohibited Substances. An artificial material can be understood to be a chemical substance that's formulated or manufactured by a chemical procedure or via a procedure that chemically changes a substance extracted from the plant, animal, or nutrient supply. Natural and organic farmers use botanical crop and animal wastes, biological, or non-synthetic insect controls, also enabled. Organic farmers also utilize specific procedures to cut back air, soil, and water pollution." 7"Natural environment diversity caused by landscape spacious complexity inorganic farming plays also three important roles: environmental, cosmetic and production and health functions. The environmental function is present of keeping biodiversity and homeostasis, i.e. stability and optimal species number. Natural farms create an existence foundation for plant and animal species, perhaps not merely those but accompanying species. The manufacturing function relies upon prophylaxis, i.e. the use of prevention, not control, guarding plants from germs, pests and plant disorders. This helps retain biological balance, i.e. homeostasis of whole landscape. The aesthetic and wellbeing of organic farming admits that we're an integral portion of the environment and could only exist in harmony with nature" 6"Defining natural and organic consumers and assessing organic diet plans, e.g., which sort of meals items, and also the participation of food into the complete diet are all major problems in population research studies. You'll find no methods to gauge the diet humans with no significant malfunction. Investigation describing socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics of natural meals consumers has recently demonstrated that ingestion is a complicated phenomenon between diverse groups that do not belong in to on average defined consumer sections.Number 2 Protecting Your EarthExactly why are omega3 fatty acids therefore crucial? The University of Maryland Medical Center says that omega3 efas can decrease your risk of heart disease, minimize pain or stiffness, decrease your risk of cancer, prevent dry skin, and strengthen memory, and can help fight depression.A while back there was a fad because of the organic vegetables and fruits and also the supermarket too. Shops publicized they promote only organic. They likewise charged higher rates than the make. Might it be correct. These all-natural really are not organic. ? Exactly what are the specifications. Let's determine organic is organic?No 6 Natural Food H AS Healthy FatFactory farming is a superior polluter of our soil, rivers, and seas. Two thirds of the country's drinking water has been observed to have elevated heights of nitrates, a effect of pesticides and fertilizers . These chemicals do not just stop at our drinking tap water. They keep to stream to oceans and our food . In 2008 scientists found 405 dead zones because of this utilization of highly soluble fertilizer that is synthetic.4. Offer is constrained. With its nature, organic and natural foods requires greater resources and land. As such, it can be complicated to edge out the contest for ingredients.Even though your wallet may cringe at the price attached into your food, your heart will thank you! Some great advantages of natural catering and eating radically outweigh the slight gap in the cost of organic catering.Could it be safer to pick organic?In short, a genetically altered food is a organism that has its own DNA altered in a science lab. That is performed in order to give food beneficial properties such as brighter color, higher crop yields shorter cycles and thus on. Perhaps you have ever wondered how that thoughts is crisp? Effectively, that is because some one changed the genes of that plant to make it survive six days longer than it was allowed by character to.By supporting organic farmers by selecting an organic catering provider, you are encouraging agriculture that utilizes normal fertilizers to their plants and retains our eco system vibrant and thriving.As the prevalence of absorbing natural foods has increased, a number of studies have contrasted the nutritional quality of foods conventionally grown versus organically grown. Some studies stated under have found that conventionally improved foods talking and organically grown foods have no substantial differences within their own nutritional grade.

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The Plight of the Wisconsin Bee

Bee populations in Wisconsin are in fast decline. Wisconsin beekeepers lost more than 60% of their colonies in 2014 and 2015, according to recent data from the USDA-funded Bee Informed Survey(Stentz). Certain species are being hit harder than others. When R.P. Macfarlane, a New Zealand bumblebee researcher employed by Wisconsin's, cranberry industry, studied bumblebee populations in northern Wisconsin in 1993, researchers reported that the yellow-banded bumblebee made up approximately 93% of the bumblebees recorded; in 2009 they constituted less than 1% of bumblebees in the region. Secluded populations of this bumblebee located in  the towns of Moutain, Manitowish Waters, and Two Rivers in 2007 and 2008 were the only chronicled observations of this species in the Midwest(Sperling). Bees are vital to Wisconsin's agriculture and ecosystem. According to Kent Pegorsch, a beekeeper in Waupaca and the president of the Wisconsin Honey Producers Association, “Wild honeybee colonies have almost vanished from the landscape compared to 30 years ago.” Their numbers are declining due to urbanization, pesticides, parasites, habitat loss, and exportation, but they can be saved through various methods.

Bees are essential to our way of life in Wisconsin. Without them, the agriculture industry would be severely damaged. Bumblebees use a technique called "buzz pollination," where the female bee holds the flower's stamens in her jaws and flaps her wings to shake them - shaking off grains of pollen. This behavior is very useful in cross-pollinating berries, tomatoes and peppers. Large fruits and plentiful tomatoes are credited to plants pollinated by bumblebees. They are also vital pollinators of native plants whose seeds nourish game birds. Although some plants are additionally pollinated by the breeze and by mammals such as bats, bee pollination from controlled hives and wild native bees continues to be an essential piece of the puzzle, nurturing both indigenous and cultivated plant species(Sperling). According to Kent Pegorsch, “Crops like cranberries, melons, pickles, etc. require honeybee pollinations.  Without healthy honeybees, production is greatly reduced.”

Wisconsin agriculture isn’t the only thing being severely damaged by bee deaths. Our ecosystem is under stress, too. Pollinators are cornerstone species in the majority of earthly ecosystems. Fruits and seeds derived from insect pollination are a large component of the diet of about 25% of all birds, and of mammals of any kind. In many areas, the necessary benefit of pollination is being threatened(Xerxes Society). By helping in wild food growth, aiding in nutrient cycling, and as prey, pollinators are necessary in food chains. Many nomadic songbirds need a daily intake of berries, fruits and seeds from insect pollinated plants and the larvae of these insects are a valuable aspect of the nourishment of these birds, according to the research team from the Nebraska Ornithologists Union. Bumblebees are thought to be the leading pollinators of many indigenous plants and cranberries. The key to keeping produce abundant and flowers growing is amplifying native bee populations(Sperling). According to Pegorsch, “There are fewer and fewer native bees and butterflies to pollinate. A healthy environment needs a balance and bees help provide this. 

One of the great threats against Wisconsin bees today is urbanization. Urbanization has damaged food sources and habitat. Paved streets and parking lots take up space that could be used by bees for burrowing(Mesch). Kent Pegorsch states, “(Urbanization) has reduced large tracks of land that formerly held important food sources for bees. It also limits areas where beekeepers can place bees and limits wild areas where native bees nested.” 

Yet another enemy of the Wisconsin bee is pesticides and herbicides.  According to Terri Fuller, president of the Friends of Horicon National Wildlife Refuge, and Corrine Daniels, the nursery director with Applied Ecological Services at Taylor Creek Restoration Nurseries, the bees in Wisconsin are being hurt by pesticides(Dargan). According to Kent Pegorsch, “Whereas chemicals are important to farming, the overuse of chemicals (in agriculture) are adding stress to honeybees and shortening their lives. This makes it hard for colonies to survive. New pesticides don’t kill bees immediately but they kill bees over a prolonged exposure so it is difficult to prove that pesticides are hurting our bees BUT they are. Unfortunately, because the damage is so gradual, more and more of these pesticides are being used.” UW Extension’s Arboretum Expert Susan Carpenter explained that “Agriculture by itself without the insecticides might leave some habitat in plants in the area, but you know when the herbicides are used edge-to-edge in fields, there's no extra plants around the edges or anything that the pollinators are going to use”(Mesch).

Parasites are also damaging the livelihoods of Wisconsin bees. Some Wisconsin beekeepers reported deaths of bees in the winter of 2017 to 2018, caused by a parasite called the varroa mite that infests hives and kills developing bees.  Liz Meils, the state apiarist for the state Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection, said that beekeepers had been losing around half their hives for the past 5 to 10 years(AP Regional State Report). Kent Pegorsch explained that “The varroa mite is a mite that lives on the bee. It shortens the bees life by stressing the bee and allowing viruses to enter the bee.” 

Habitat loss also poses an intimidating threat to bees.  Terri Fuller and Corrine Daniels have reported that a large portion of the creatures that pollinate Wisconsin plants are under stress from habitat loss(Dargan). Soft earth that would normally be used as a home for bees is being replaced with pavement more and more every day. Although we consider bees to be sociable bugs who inhabit hives with extremely systematized social roles, a majority of bee species are solitary and near 70% of indigenous bee species burrow their homes in the ground or close to the ground instead of in unsheltered hives. The female bees either dig up burrows with a collection of brood chambers or utilize preexisting tunnels or cavities dug by insects, worms, or rodents into dirt or bark. Protecting the homes and vegetation these native bees utilize is a substantial plan of action for maintaining acceptable amounts of plant pollinators where honeybee numbers are usually lower, have reduced greatly or are in small amounts(Sperling).

As if all of this aforementioned damage to Wisconsin bees wasn’t enough, one species of bumblebee are declining due to the international shipment of commercially-bred bumblebees. Two of those species formerly prevalent to the northeastern and midwestern states, the yellow-banded bumblebee and the rusty-patched bumblebee are broadly missing from their usual area. They are prolific pollinators of wildflowers, alfalfa, berries and other crops like cucumbers and pumpkins. Additional bumblebee species might also be diminishing, although it is difficult  to judge if falling populations are localized or further across the board since indigenous bee populations are usually only studied in a small quantity of places instead of throughout their natural territory(Sperling).

In the face of all this adversity, what can one do to save Wisconsin bees? Well, the first to do is to look for those who are helping already. According to Kent Pegorsch, “The Wisconsin Honey Producers Association, American Beekeeping Federation, Foundation for the Preservation of Honeybees, Bee and Butterfly Habitat fund, and Bee Informed Partnership are just a few of the organizations working to save the bees.” Indigenous bee protection was first mentioned by the Farm Bill(Food Conservation and Energy Act) in 2008. The Farm Bill also supplied money for melittology(the study of bees) and bee habitat conservation. Services included by the House of Representatives turned pollinator preservation into a national priority in preservation systems managed by the federal Department of Agriculture. The Farm Bill additionally supplied $10 million a year for the following five years for grants to study honey bee and native bee  biology, possible resolutions for colony collapse disorder, bee health, and bee ecology. An extra $7.5 million merged bee study initiatives into the USDA Agriculture Research Service, $2.5 million went toward examining and observing honeybee populations for five years, and giving insurance and disaster relief to beekeepers(Sperling). Acknowledging the significance of honey bees and other pollinators to farming and the well-being of natural system, President Barack Obama created the Pollinator Task Force to cultivate a nationwide plan of action to preserve and advance health of pollinators. The task force announced the Pollinator Research Action Plan in May 2015. This extensive project directs the federal agenda, along with investigation, to improve and advance pollinator habitat and populations. The National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) is making important contributions to conserve and benefit pollinator health and support U.S. agriculture. Between 2018 and 2014, NIFA invested around $40 million in competitive and capacity grants committed to research, expansion, and educational programming on the well-being of bees. In May 2016, NIFA released a contemporary, stand-alone $6 million financing opportunity by way of the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative's Food Security Challenge Area to devote effort into part of the first concerns of the Pollinator Research Action Plan(Ramaswamy). 

Individuals are also doing their part to save the bees. In a survey of 690 Wisconsin inhabitants, 66.5% were confident that they had done something within the past year for the specific purpose of saving the bees. These actions included planting flowers, buying local honey, not actively trying to kill bees, building beehives, educating others about bees, encouraging others to stop using herbicides, refraining from removing or preventing the growth of dandelions, feeding sugar water to bees, gifting bee hotels to friends, encouraging others to stop overusing insecticides, donating to local beekeepers, planting vegetables, trying to recycle more, researching charities that are beneficial to bees, avoiding the use of herbicides and pesticides, participating in bee-positive social media campaigns, trying to maintain a rotational bloom, using wildlife-friendly landscaping, letting their garden overgrow, building bee houses, spreading awareness about the bee crisis, avoiding stepping on bees, researching the bee crisis, keeping the lawn unmowed, purchasing products from beekeepers, not pulling flowering weeds, protecting bee nests, signing petitions to help bees, purchasing products from bee-friendly companies, planting fruit trees, and wearing clothing that promotes the welfare of bees. When asked if they cared for a personal or community garden, 57.8% of respondents said no and 42.2% said yes.

One of the best things that a Wisconsin inhabitant can do for bees is garden. One doesn't need a field of wildflowers to attract bees. All you need is a small garden with various types of plants, even shrubs and grasses. Bees need a variety of flowers that bloom throughout the season. Keeping this in mind, plant flowers that bloom from early spring to mid-summer, and balance that with flowers that start blooming mid-summer through fall. Even a well-pruned garden can be bee-friendly if it has the right plants for the job. As long as it has (preferably fragrant) flowers that bloom throughout the season and yield nectar, a garden can be a feast(Mesch). Using native local flowers is important. Science shows us that indigenous vegetation is four times more appealing to native bees and butterflies than invasive species. In garden, heirloom types of herbs and perennial plants can also supply beneficial foraging. Plant multiple shades of flowers with a diversity of heights. Indigenous bees are especially captivated by blue, purple, violet, white, and yellow petals(Sperling). Bee-friendly Wisconsin flowers include, but are not limited to: Poppies, crocuses, heather, black-eyed Susans, wild indigos, goldenrod, milkweed, prairie clovers, and sunflowers. Bee-friendly flowers are full of easily accessible nectar and pollen. A good bee-friendly garden is big, with hedges that are at least 6 feet high. This is because bees tend to fly at head level, so this will force them to fly higher, making them less of a disturbance in a neighbor's yard. Flowers are best planted in clusters rather than alone, so that they can be more noticeable by the bees(Sillver). Try to avoid pesticides in your garden, as they can be toxic to pollinators. If using pesticides is absolutely necessary, use them at night when bees aren't around, and cover plants when the pesticides are still working to deter bees from touching them(Mesch). When asked for advice on growing a bee-friendly garden, Kent Pegorsch responded, “Gardens provide important nectar and pollen sources for bees in the ‘should’ seasons.  Those are time of the year when there is not a lot of a bee’s main forage (like clover, alfalfa and other main honey plants). Buy your seed mixes from companies that specialize in pollinator mixes. And buy the mixes that are suited for Wisconsin. (Don’t cut your) lawn as quickly. Leave dandelions and Dutch clover bloom in their lawns and leave wild areas of flowers bloom. Generally – have smaller and weedier lawns.”

Although many common farming practices are detrimental to bees, Wisconsin farmers can also works to protect Wisconsin’s pollinators. One increasingly popular technique for farmers who are trying to use native bees to their advantage is to advance the inartificial development of grasses, shrubs and trees around their fields. For example, rather than leasing honeybees, canola farmers in Alberta discovered that they obtained higher-quality seeds and boosted profits if at least 30% of their farmland was kept in natural habitat and cover instead of planting fencerow to fencerow. These areas of wild plants supplied food and shelter for more indigenous bees and multiplied bee visitations at the time when their vegetation flowered. Influence from native bees can also induce honeybees to be more efficient and productive when pollinating hybrid seed plants by compelling the honeybees to travel more repeatedly between chains of female and male produce. In regions where farm fields have lost a large amount of their uncultivated pollinators, surrounding pastures become more important and offer two useful assets, according to agricultural and ecology scientists. Firstly, they serve as a backup resource for insects that pollinate crops. Secondly, they work as an asylum in which pollinating insects can increase their health before bit by bit recolonizing damaged farmlands(Sperling). Kent Pegorsch asks that farmers “Look for ways to reduce chemical usage.  Leave some areas wilds so that honeybees, native bees and butterflies have food sources.” He also advises that farmers look into “Integrated Pest management. IPM – only using pesticides when they are really necessary.  Monitor fields for insect problems and use pesticides only when they really need to be used. Not on a regular basis.”

One of the best ways to reduce bee deaths is at the root, in education. In a survey of 690 Wisconsin inhabitants, 11.7% of respondents were unsure if they wanted to help stop the Wisconsin bees from dying, with these reasons being the majority of what was cited: not knowing where to start, being unsure if bees are truly in jeopardy, not knowing enough about the issue, not being aware that they could have any power in the situation, not feeling passionate about bees, being unsure of how many bees are living in Wisconsin, not wanting bees to start overpopulating Wisconsin, not being sure how to help from an apartment, not knowing how effective it would be to work towards bee conservation, and not knowing how bee conservation would benefit them personally. Many of these doubts stem from uncertainty, but education can reduce this. Respondents were asked to rate their knowledge about Wisconsin's falling bee population on a scale of 1 to 5, with 1 being a complete lack of knowledge and 5 being an expert in the subject. 36.5% rated their knowledge at 2, 33% chose 3, 21.4% chose 1, 7.8% chose 4, and 1.8% chose 5. Respondents were asked to rate their knowledge about Wisconsin bee conservation strategies on a scale of 1 to 5, with 1 being a complete lack of knowledge and 5 being an expert. 40.6% of respondents rated their knowledge at 1, 31.9% chose 2, 19.6% chose 3, 6.8% chose 4, and 1.2% chose 5. If these respondents were more educated on the subject of bee endangerment, they would have the ability to take action. 

Bees are essential to Wisconsin's farm industry and environment.  Their population is decreasing because of several factors, but their numbers can be conserved through gardening, changes of agriculture techniques, beekeeping, and education.

Bibliography:

"Wisconsin beekeepers see high bee losses this winter." AP Regional State Report, 10 Mar. 2018. EBSCOhost. Accessed 14 Mar. 2019.

Dargan, Jennifer. 5 Native Plants That Will Attract Bees and Other Pollinators. Board of Regents of the U of Wisconsin System and Wisconsin Educational Communications Board, 13 May 2015. The Larry Meiller Show. Wisconsin Public Radio. Accessed 19 Mar. 2019.

Doherty, Lucille Lynne. "Bees in Wisconsin." 27 Mar. 2019. Raw data.

Mesch, Shelley K. "HELP CAN BE AS CLOSE AS A BACKYARD; DANE CO., UW EXTENSION SAY RESIDENTS CAN BOOST NATIVE BEE POPULATIONS." Wisconsin State Journal [Madison, Wisconsin], 29 Oct. 2017. EBSCOhost. Accessed 11 Mar. 2019.

Pegorsch, Kent. E-mail interview. 26 Mar. 2019.

"Pollinator Conservation." The Xerxes Society for Invertebrate Conservation. Accessed 13 Mar. 2019.

Sillver, Hazel. "Give a Bee a Home." Are Mass Extinctions Inevitable?, edited by Noah Berlatsky, Detroit, MI, Greenhaven Press, 2012. At Issue. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Accessed 7 Mar. 2019. Originally published in The Times, 21 Sept. 2008.

Sperling, David L. "What's the Buzz about Bees?" Wisconsin Natural Resources, vol. 33, no. 3, June 2009. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Accessed 20 Mar. 2019.

Stentz, Molly. "Buzz Kill." Isthmus [Madison, Wisconsin], 28 Jan. 2016. Isthmus. Accessed 7 Apr. 2019.

United States, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Reversing Pollinator Decline is Key to Feeding the Future. By Sonny Ramaswamy, Dr., Economic Research Service, 24 June 2016. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Accessed 14 Mar. 2019.

[mybeegiftsblog]

Does Bee Art Look Good In My Home?

Does Bee Art Look Good In My Home? Wall art can be a great way to improve the look of your home without spending a lot of money. Bee art is a popular choice for wall art, and it can range from prints to sculptures. Bumble bee print wall art is a popular choice for those who want to add a touch of whimsy to their decor, and bumblebee sculptures are a great way to add interest to an otherwise plain wall.   If you're not sure whether bee art is right for your home, consider the following benefits. First, bee art can add color and life to any room. Second, it can be a conversation starter, providing an opportunity for you and your guests to discuss the importance of bees in the ecosystem. Third, bee art can be a source of inspiration, reminding you to appreciate the natural world even when you're indoors. Fourth, bee art can help you connect with nature, even if you live in an urban area.   When you choose bee art for your home, you can be sure that you're making a positive contribution to your environment. We'll look at the Top Reasons to Buy Bee Art and the importance of choosing a piece. And don't forget to look at some of the other wonderful pieces of art that represent bees and honeycomb.   What Do Bees Represent in Art?   Bees have long been symbols of beauty and grace. Ancient Egyptian carvings show the long- term relationship between humans and these pollinators, and human relationships with bees have ties to different religious traditions around the world. Bees appear in many forms of art, including paintings, sculptures, music, and even the built environment. Bees are featured in many forms of art and are often linked to recent concerns about their decline, including habitat fragmentation, climate change, and overuse of pesticides in agriculture.   While Renaissance art focused on sainthood and the development of the hunter-gatherer lifestyle, it did not depict bees. Rather, bees appear as a backdrop in paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Pablo Picasso. More recent art portrays bees in a more positive light. Public art installations and macro photography often emphasize the plight of Apis mellifera, with a particular focus on the human connection to bees. Many pieces are meant to educate and unite communities. Bees are also often used as the foundation of immersive experiences and can help inspire a community to unite and work towards a common goal.   The ancients and Saxons associated bees with communication, a soul, and a sense of order. In Europe, bees were considered messengers of the gods, and their images appear on ancient artifacts associated with goddesses and religions. The Christian faith has a long-standing association with bees, and understanding their role in our society is critical for our moral development. What Does Honeycomb Symbolize?   If you're interested in bee art, you should know that bees make honeycombs from various shapes, such as squares, hexagons, and pentagons. Although bees build honeycombs from many shapes, they prefer hexagons, which have six equal sides. They can also carry great symbolism, as they are often associated with divine wisdom. The symmetrical structure of the honeycomb is also associated with balance and union.   What Does Bee Art Represent?   If you've ever wondered what bees represent, the answer lies in the artwork of Aganetha Dyck. Dyck, a Canadian artist, has been working with bees for over 20 years. Her delicate sculptures eventually transform into honeycombs. Her work is motivated by her fascination with interspecies communication, especially how humans and bees relate. She also hopes to highlight the effects of the disappearance of honeybees. Pierre Huyghe has been studying the relationship between humans and bees for many years and is also motivated by interspecies communication.   Stone paintings from the Renaissance period depict the relationship between man and bees, but do not contain the bees themselves. While they may be depicted in Renaissance paintings, these works reflect a different worldview. In these paintings, the bees were seen as symbols of spirituality and a place of worship. Despite the lingering symbolism of the bee, these paintings often depict a hunter-gatherer lifestyle and no veils.   In addition to being an intriguing visual representation of bees, many people have been intrigued by bees throughout history. The buzzing noises of bees have fascinated humans for centuries. A famous song about bees, Tomorrow Never Knows, is named after the male bee. A fascinating look into bees' culture will give you an insight into how they were viewed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.   Top Reasons Why You Should Buy Bee Art Many people shop for art without really understanding what they're looking for. They see a sign or a search engine result and click on it, thinking that they'll be able to find what they're looking for. But often, the items they find are just a fraction of what's available.   When you shop for bee art, you'll be able to understand the full experience. Bee prints and bee wall art are just the beginning. You'll be able to shop for items that are truly unique, and you'll be able to find items that fit your specific taste.   Whether you're looking for something traditional or something more modern, you'll be able to find it when you shop for bee art.   First and foremost, when you shop for bee art, you are supporting an important cause. Bees are critical to our ecosystem, and their populations have been declining in recent years. By buying bee prints or bee wall art, you can help raise awareness about this issue and support artists who are working to create change. Bees are vital to our food security. Bees not only pollinate our food, but also control the growth of our landscapes. A thriving population of bees can even help save human lives in Africa! The Xerces Society has a comprehensive guide to bee art. The book, which features a short story by Kara Brook Brown, explores the importance of bees in our lives and the ecosystems we live in.   Secondly, shopping for bee art is a great way to add some personality to your home or office. Whether you hung a colorful print in your kitchen or a whimsical sign in your entryway, bumble bee decor is sure to put a smile on your face every time you see it.   Finally, buying bee art is a great way to support local businesses and artists. When you shop at a local shop or search for items on Etsy, you can be confident that you're supporting small businesses and helping to keep the economy strong. When shopping for a honey bee art print or any kind of bee decor, try not to haggle and pay the original price. You'll have additional home decor, plus you'll be supporting owners to continue selling bee-themed products.   So next time you're looking for that perfect piece of art to add to your collection, keep bees in mind! You'll be glad you did.   Tips in Choosing Honey Bee Art to Purchase When choosing the right bee-themed art for your home, you may be wondering how to choose the best one. There are many things you should consider when selecting art that is the best fit for your interior design. Consider whether you want to blend the art into your home or make it stand out. In either case, your guests won't mind if you choose a creative design.   When you are ready to purchase bee art, there are several factors to consider in order to select the right piece for you. If you are a beekeeper, you may want to choose a beehive as your subject matter. Or, if you are interested in the process of beekeeping, you may want to look for a piece that captures the details of this activity.   Whatever your interests, it is important to select a piece of art that is relevant to your own life. Additionally, be sure to take into account the colors that are found in the piece. The honeycomb is often a major source of color in bee-related art, and this element can be used to create a sense of harmony or contrast within a room.   When considering craftsmanship, be sure to select a piece that is well-made and shows signs of care and attention to detail. Finally, be sure to compare prices between different sellers before making your purchase.   By taking these factors into account, you will be sure to find the perfect bee-related art for your home.   Where Can I Find Bee Art?   Bee art can take many forms, from traditional painting, canvas print, and drawing to more modern digital art and photography. If you're looking for bee-themed artwork, a good place to start is by doing a search online. There are many websites that offer a wide selection of Bee art, including both Vector illustrations and painting. You can also find plenty of ideas for Bee-themed artwork by doing a simple Google search. Another option is to look for sites that specialize in selling bee art, such as Etsy or Shopify. These sites usually have a wide variety of Bee-themed artwork available, from traditional paintings to modern digital illustrations.   No matter what type of Bee art you're looking for, there's sure to be something out there that will suit your needs.   What Kind of Bee Artwork Can I Buy?   There are all sorts of different bee-themed artwork that you can buy to decorate your home. For example, pattern art is a popular choice for many people. You can find pattern art with bees in all sorts of different colors and designs. If you're looking for something a bit more unique, you might want to consider getting vintage bee artwork. This type of artwork typically features bees in black and white. Watercolor art is another option that you might want to consider. This type of art is often very brightly colored and can really add a pop of color to your home. Metal signs are also a popular choice for bee-themed artwork. They're typically very brightly colored and can really stand out in your home. No matter what type of bee artwork you're looking for, you're sure to find something that you love.   Other types of bee art you can buy are: Bee-Themed Sleeve Tshirts, Vector Bee Illustration, Honey Bee Watercolor Art, Bee Metal Wall Sign, Framed Canvas Art, Vintage Honey Bee Gift, Bee Poster, Wrapped Canvas & Framed Art , BeeThemed Carryall Pouches, Bee-Themed Tote Bag, Bee-Themed Coffee Mugs, Bee Jigsaw Puzzles, Bee-Themed Duvet Covers, Bee-Themed Wall Plaques,  Find Bee Art Here Bee art is a great way to show your support for the environment, and you can find plenty of bee- themed art to buy here. From bee apparel to wall decor, there are plenty of bee-themed gifts to choose from. And if you're looking for something a little more unusual, you can find bee-themed green design products here too. So whether you're looking for a gift for a bee lover or you just want to show your support for bees, this is the place to find it.         Originally published here: https://mybeegifts.com/blogs/news/does-bee-art-look-good-in-my-home

[severelynerdysheep]

Not sure how this post could possible be tagged as “save the bees” when buying and/or consuming honey is both incredibly harfmull to those bees exploited fo the food they spend their lives making, and to wild polinators? Like talk about an oxymoron! 

 With industry standard practices in beekeeping regardless of location (so including the farms which “produce” the honey you buy from the #farmers market) include:

~ Murdering entire hives of bees before winter to reduce costs.

~ Artificial insemination, a process where which male bees are crushed and drained of their semen, which is then forcefully inserted into a queen bee. Links on queen bees and AI, and more links here and here and here and here

~ Ripping the wings of queen bees to prevent them from flying away

~ The use of smoke to purposely disorient and panic bees

~ Taking all or most of the essential honey that bees produce for their hives, and replacing it with a sugar syrup substitute which is thought to contribute to the development of disease in honeybees because it does not provide the proper nutrition and may produce a toxin under heat that kills the honeybees.

And of course, when it comes to the effect of beekeeping on wild polliniators,its completely contradictory to tag a post promoting commercial beekeeping with #save the bees when this industry (including local honey farms) is directly responisble for the decline in our vital wild pollinators. 

~  Managed honeybees linked to new diseases in wild bees, UK study shows

~ Honeybees Help Farmers, But They Don’t Help The Environment

~  Loss of wild pollinators serious threat to crop yields~ Native bees are better pollinators than commercial honey bees

~ Wild bees are better for the environment than commercial honey bees~ Commercial honeybees threaten wild bee populations

~ Commercial honeybees linked to spreading diseases to wild bees

~ How The Bees You Know are Killing the Ones You Don’t

~ Bees Gone Wild - Feral honeybees pose a danger to native bees and the ecosystems that depend on them

~ Urban beekeeping is harming wild bees, says Cambridge University

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