#unspecified data ; analysis

[fanoftheimagines]

With the finale of season 2, I’m going to take a swing at the hornet’s nest. I’d like to take some time to discuss some discourse in the Joel Miller x Reader side of the fandom. Now, I wanted to stay out of it, but not only is the issue incredibly irritating, it’s also devolved into a toxic back-and-forth of miscommunication, mistagging, and anger.

I know it’s a lot to ask these days, but I’d like to address and analyze this recent discourse with a bit of critical thinking. However, there’s a bit of housekeeping I must do first. I want to make it clear that I have an opinion on the matter. I am not coming at this without bias, nor am I attempting to. That being said, I am not judging anyone in this fandom space for their opinions or kinks. To each their own. This is not coming from a place of pearl-clutching purity culture bs – in fact, I’m a proponent of making fandom weird again and don’t like, don’t read. I am also aware that a majority of one side will probably not see this post, as I’ve blocked a lot of people in this fandom over the years. I am simply a fan who wishes to have a mature conversation about this interesting, and complex, piece of discourse. This is also not coming from a place of behavior-policing. You can write what you want, and I will block accordingly.

So, what was the discourse to begin with?

The core of it is quite simple. One side is fans who want less dramatic age gaps, more reader inserts in their 30s+, and less DBF/daddy kink fics. The other side became angry of these complaints and are demanding people ignore these fics. This discourse originated in the PPCU fandom* and was not specific to the Last of Us fandom**, which leads me to believe this problem is purely due to the nature of Joel Miller being played by Pedro Pascal and not an inherent aspect of the Last of Us fandom. Now, I’ll get into the analysis of these arguments in a moment, but first, I’d like to go over some numbers.

To start, I analyzed everything posted from May 1st to May 21st in the Joel Miller x Reader tag. I recorded the type of post (whether it was a fanfiction, a picture, a video, a rec, or a general post), the date, and whether it fit a certain set of categories. The categories were classified by whether it contained the following: age gap (and what that age gap was), DBF (or other related kinks), daddy kink, incest or step dad kink, dark fic, or what I classified as “old man kink” (basically anything that sexualized old men and labeled old man!Joel specifically).

I want to make it clear, I’m purely looking at the amount posted not how popular these fics are. As much as I would’ve liked to analyze both, I am one person with a busy life, and my hypotheses didn’t focus so much on popularity as frequency.

So, what was the data?

There were 1093 total posts within the 21-day span, 678 of which were fanfictions. For reference, there were 309 general posts, 69 pictures, 19 rec posts, and 18 videos. Of the 678 fanfictions, approximately 641 were Joel Miller x Reader fics. 289 met none of the categories and 349 met the categories. Per day, there was an average of 16 fics posted that met the categories verses an average of 13 fics posted that didn’t.

Let’s focus on the categories, namely, what’s the breakdown?

Age Gap: 154

DBF: 80

Dark Fics: 48

Daddy Kink: 31

Old Man Kink: 17

Implied Age Gap: 7

Incest: 7

Step Dad Kink: 2

BFD: 2

HBF: 1

The age gap ranges in these fics, where expressly stated, were the following:

20s to 50s: 16

20s to 60s: 8

20s to 40s: 6

30s to 50s: 6

30s to 60s: 6

Late 20s to 50s: 5

Late 20s to 40s: 4

Late 20s to 60s: 4

20s to 30s: 2

There were approximately 88 unspecified age gap fics.

Now, I don’t pretend to be a wis with numbers, but I am an academic with enough know-how to analyze data. My numbers may be slightly off, but they are approximately accurate.

What can we conclude from these numbers and how does it inform this discourse?

The categories represent certain kinks and tropes that in mainstream fandoms are relatively niche. Certain kinks and tropes can be more common in some fandoms than others, for example, pseudoincest is common in the Umbrella Academy fandom. However, up until recently, these specific kinks/tropes were not as common in the Last of Us fandom. I didn’t get the numbers on this, but some of you might recall that before season 2, these kinks/tropes were not a common occurrence.

Now though? Over the 21 days I looked at, there were more fanfictions posted that fit into these categories than didn’t. Not only that, these fanfictions were posted with slightly more frequency on average per day. It’s easy to see why some fans feel these kinks/tropes are overdone and annoying, even people who enjoy these tropes. I’d argue the amount and frequency of these fics has caused a bit of fatigue.

Given the nature of Joel’s character, it is also easy to see why these tropes/kinks make people uncomfortable. A large and distinctive part of Joel’s character is his relationships with his daughters and how he pseudo adopts any young woman comes across. This is evident with Sarah and Ellie, but also with Dina (S2E1-2) and Abby (S2E2). Being a father defines Joel’s character. He attempted suicide because he is a father who lost his daughter and couldn’t live without her. He kills an entire hospital of people because he is a father, because Ellie became his daughter and he loves her just as he loves Sarah. His death was due to his actions protecting his daughter, and arguably because he saved Abby from the horde, because she’s close to Ellie’s age.

As I mentioned before, certain kinks and tropes can be more common in some fandoms than others. The themes in their source materials often determine what kinks and tropes develop in fandoms. They determine what kinks might be considered niche in the space. For example, pseudoincest is not considered niche in the Umbrella Academy fandom. In the case of Joel Miller, as previously discussed, the themes do not really lend themselves to DBF, daddy kink, and age gaps. The Last of Us has a focus on familial relationships, not romantic relationships. X Reader tends to lean heavily into romantic relationships, and so it is not surprising that Joel Miller x Reader is popular. However, what is surprising is how common these kinks have become even though the themes of the story do no necessarily lend itself to them. On top of that, I would argue that DBF is a niche kink in the general sense, as my friend – who is into fandom and “very into freak shit” (her words) has never heard of it until we talked about it.

Now, again, I’m not kink-shaming the people who write these. I believe the majority of them are likely young and writing reader inserts close to their own age. Plus, I am a huge proponent of writing what you want, and I want to be so clear that I am not saying you can’t write these types of fics, but you can’t deny that they are completely out of character for Joel Miller and don’t fit the narrative of the story. So, I can’t help but wonder why? I think the answer lies in the fact that he’s played by Pedro Pascal. The PPCU fandom* is full of smut writers who often veer into kinky and dark areas of smut. They are not necessarily focused on characters or stories, but their attraction to Pedro Pascal. It is unsurprising this translates to Joel in such an outstanding way.

So, I guess the real question is how do we as a fandom resolve all this? In a perfect world, these fics would all be explicitly tagged and people who don’t want to see them can block the writers or tags, and both parties could live peacefully in their own fandom bubbles. But these fics aren’t properly tagged all the time, nor are they always clear in the headings. The toxic attacks from both sides only makes it worse. It’s important to remember that fandom is supposed to be fun, and its community. We don’t have to like each other, or all the fanfictions written in this fandom, but we shouldn’t be attacking each other or making this space a toxic hellhole. But, tbh, that feels like asking too much.

*This is not a fandom, but a stan-dom, which is different and oftentimes more toxic. As evident here.

**I am not apart of the PPCU stan-dom, but I am apart of the Last of Us fandom, so my opinion is coming from that perspective.

EDIT: I would like to thank @letsgobarbs for filling me in on the finer details of the drama in the PPCU 'fandom' regarding the whole of this matter. And to them and @almostempty for touching on the racial overtones of DBF/Age gap fics - I didn't feel it my place to touch on the topic but it's a very important (if not one of the most important) aspect of the conversation.

[love-and-deepspace-wiki]

Hunter's Association: Hunter's Association HQ

Location: in/near the heart of Linkon City

Details:

The Hunter's Association Headquarters is towering, twenty-story building located in/near the heart Linkon City. Through in-game interactions with Captain OTTO-CSE and Tara, we learn that it is located next to Movere Bridge (top), within walking distance of Azure Square (bottom), and within walking distance of Tide Street (which is within walking distance of Azure Square).

Floors:

Though a majority of the floors of the building have not been identified, two have been specified in-game. At the bottom of this post, I've included a note addressing conflicting(?) information regarding UNICORN's locations.

3rd Floor:

UNICORNS Alpha Team

UNICORNS Command Center

UNICORNS Lobby

5th Floor:

Data Analysis

Other Areas:

Though their specific locations within the building are not known, the following amenities/services have also been mentioned to exist at the Hunter's Association HQ:

Amenities & Services:

Archives

Dispatch Center

Evol Healing Pod

Hunter Health Center

Operation Support Center

Protocore tracking platform

Unspecified databases

Slepen Pod

Food & Drink:

Hunter's Huntin

"Store downstairs at the Association"

Training:

Armory

Deepspace Training Grounds

Hunters Academy

VR Training Center (includes Shooting Range)

Wanderer Combat Simulation

Departments, Sectors, and Teams:

Advanced Tech Labs

Armament Tech

Intel Department

Protocore Research Department

UNICORNS Sector

Note: Two UNICORNS Locations?

The Main Story actually gives us two different UNICORNS locations. It is initially said to be on the 3rd floor of the HQ building. But later, the protaganist mentions "the lobby of the UNICORNS building". I'm unsure if this was an unintended contradiction or if there are multiple Hunter's Association affiliated buildings in Linkon City.

[evidence-based-activism]

I know men are the sex that commits violent crime the most, but what about non-violent crime? Are the statistics more evened out between men and women?

Hello!

So, data on non-violent crime is a bit less reliable for a few reasons. First, there may not be any witnesses to the crime. For example, someone breaking into your empty house to steal is a property crime which often goes unobserved. Second, most of the representative samples I have found for perpetrator demographics only concerned violent crime. Third, some non-violent crimes are even less likely to be reported or solved than violent crimes [1]. Fourth, there is greater ambiguity in definitions and reporting standards.

All of this is to say, we have less reliable data for non-violent crimes. That being said, the data we do have suggests that the gender gap in crime is reduced but not eliminated for non-violent crimes.

Property Crime

This category includes crimes involving another person's property, such as: larceny, auto theft, petty theft, and vandalism.

First, this analysis of US property crime data [2] found that women accounted for only 30% of property crimes in 2015. Given that women account for approximately 51% of the population, if there were parity in offenses we would expect them to account for 51% of offenses; since they do not, this indicates there is still a gender gap in property crime.

This report analyzed both self-reported offending and criminal statistics in Britain in 2009 [3]. Based on the self-reported offending rates for minor crimes for 10-25 year olds, women accounted for:

25% of vehicle-related thefts

38% of criminal damage

42% of "other" thefts

This likely the smallest the gender gap will be, as this is in reference to minor crimes and for the youngest age groups (both of which are related to a higher proportion of female offending).

This analysis of arrest data from Canada [4] indicated women made up 29% of property crime arrestees in 2017. However, this overall figure includes white-collar crime as well, which I will be discussing next. For traditional property crimes, the proportion of female arrestees ranged from 15% (breaking and entering) to 43% (shoplifting).

In a similar analysis of UK 2023 prosecution data [5], indicated women made up between 16% (criminal damage and arson) and 19% (theft) of people prosecuted for property crimes. (Notably, there is quite a bit of variation even within a category, such as theft. This may or may not reflect real differences given the relatively low sample sizes in each sub-category.)

In a similar analysis of 10 cumulative years of FBI data [6*] for between 19% (burglary) and 41% (theft, unspecified) of arrests.

This more detailed and formal analysis of FBI data [7] indicated that women accounted for 38% of all larcenies (thefts), but again with variation on the specific type of theft (i.e., women accounted for only 11% of motor vehicle thefts but 45% of shoplifting thefts).

Together, this indicates that the proportion of female offenders varies widely even within the property crime category. Women accounting for between a quarter and a third of property crime offenders appears to be a reasonable estimate.

White Collar Crime

This category is similar to property crimes, such that categorizing it separately is often debated. That being said, this category also includes crimes involving another person's property, but in these cases the offender does not necessarily take physical possession of that property. Examples include fraud, embezzling, insider trading, and tax evasion.

Estimates of the proportion of female offenders of white-collar crime vary substantially.

The same analysis of FBI data from earlier [7] indicated women accounted for 49% of a all fraud offenses (e.g., bad checks, wire fraud, etc.) and 21% of forgery offenses. This is in contrast to a Norwegian analysis that found women accounted for only 7% of white-collar criminals [8] and a German analysis which found women accounted for only 8% of white-collar criminals [9].

Further, an additional analysis of corporate criminals [10] found 9% were female. Further, they noted significant qualitative differences in their involvement in the crime where the "gender gap among co-conspirators was very large for ringleaders ... and major players ... but trivial for defendants playing minor roles." They also review other research suggesting a similar pattern (i.e., closer to gender parity for minor offenses, but a large gender gap for major offenses).

Returning to the sources from earlier, arrest data from Canada [4] indicated women accounted for approximately a third of white-collar criminal arrests (e.g., fraud, identity theft). Further, British statistics suggested women accounted for between 25% [5] and 36% [3] of fraud offenses. The ten years of FBI data [6] indicated women accounted for 33% of forgery arrests, 36% of fraud arrests, and 49% of embezzlement arrests.

Once again, this illustrates a wide range of estimates for women's involvement in white-collar crime. As a whole, there appears to still be a large gender gap in white-collar crime. However, their involvement varies by offense, with some women reaching near parity for some offenses and estimates. Qualitatively speaking, women appear to be primarily involved in more minor crimes or in a minor role in more major crimes.

Other Crimes

There are several other categories aside from violent crime, property crime, and white-collar crime. These include: organized crime, "morality" crimes (e.g., drug, gambling, prostitution), public order offenses (e.g., "drunk and disorderly," illegal possession of a weapon, etc.). However, we have much less data on these. I'll briefly discuss a few of these:

Drug Crimes

Based on the Canada data [4], women accounted for about 20% of drug crimes.

In the UK [3], women accounted for 33% of minor "selling drug" offenses based on self-report data. Based on their official statistics [3] on serious drug offenses, women accounted for 11% of possession offenses, 15% of dealing offenses, and 17% of production/import/export offenses. Other UK data [5] suggests women account for 8% of all drug offense prosecutions.

Lastly, based on the FBI data [6], 16-30% of drug offenses, depending on the category (i.e., possession vs manufacturing) and the drug (e.g., narcotics, marijuana, etc.).

Organized Crime

An interesting recent paper [11] found women accounted for between 2% - 11% of people involved in organized crime, depending on the country studied. Ultimately, their "analysis provides evidence for an ongoing gender gap in organized crime, with women occupying structural positions that are generally associated with a lack of power."

Prostitution

The one crime where the gender gap reverses (i.e., where more women than men are arrested) is prostitution. Here, at least two-thirds of arrests are of women [6, 12]. However, in reality, the sex gap is likely closer to 90% female [13-15].

Bonus: Traffic Violations

Men commit the majority of traffic violations.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the gender gap in criminal offending is reduced for non-violent offenses (particularly minor non-violent offenses) and younger age groups. However, with a few exceptions there is still a gender gap in offending.

I hope this helps!

References below the cut:

Gramlich, J. (2024, April 24). What the data says about crime in the U.S. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2024/04/24/what-the-data-says-about-crime-in-the-us/

Campaniello, N., & Gavrilova, E. (2018). Uncovering the gender participation gap in crime. European Economic Review, 109, 289-304.

Hunter, Gillian, Hearnden, I., & Gyateng, T. (2009). Statistics on Women and the Criminal Justice System (A Ministry of Justice Publication under Section 95 of the Criminal Justice Act 1991). The Institute for Criminal Policy Research.

Savage, L. (2019). Female offenders in Canada, 2017. Juristat: Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, 1-20.

Women and the Criminal Justice System 2023. (2025). [Dataset]. Ministry of Justice. https://app.powerbi.com/view?r=eyJrIjoiNGYyNjBjZGUtNjY5ZS00ZGM0LWFhNWQtY2Y5MjhjNDhkNzMzIiwidCI6ImM2ODc0NzI4LTcxZTYtNDFmZS1hOWUxLTJlOGMzNjc3NmFkOCIsImMiOjh9

FBI Data Crime Explorer . (n.d.). [Dataset]. FBI. https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/LATEST/webapp/#/pages/explorer/crime/arrest

Steffensmeier, D., Harris, C. T., & Painter-Davis, N. (2015). Gender and arrests for larceny, fraud, forgery, and embezzlement: Conventional or occupational property crime offenders?. Journal of Criminal Justice, 43(3), 205-217.

Benson, M. L., & Gottschalk, P. (2015). Gender and white-collar crime in Norway: An empirical study of media reports. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 43(4), 535-552.

Blickle, G., Schlegel, A., Fassbender, P., & Klein, U. (2006). Some personality correlates of business white‐collar crime. Applied Psychology, 55(2), 220-233.

Steffensmeier, D. J., Schwartz, J., & Roche, M. (2013). Gender and twenty-first-century corporate crime: Female involvement and the gender gap in Enron-era corporate frauds. American Sociological Review, 78(3), 448-476.

Diviák, T., Coutinho, J. A., & Stivala, A. D. (2020). A Man’s world? Comparing the structural positions of men and women in an organized criminal network. Crime, Law and Social Change, 74(5), 547-569.

Isom, Y. (2019). Prostitution and gender disparity in arrests. The Encyclopedia of Women and Crime, 1-5.

Cusick, L., Kinnell, H., Brooks-Gordon, B., & Campbell, R. (2009). Wild guesses and conflated meanings? Estimating the size of the sex worker population in Britain. Critical Social Policy, 29(4), 703-719.

Abel, G. M., Fitzgerald, L. J., & Brunton, C. (2009). The impact of decriminalisation on the number of sex workers in New Zealand. Journal of Social Policy, 38(3), 515-531.

Farley, M., Cotton, A., Lynne, J., Zumbeck, S., Spiwak, F., Reyes, M. E., Alvarez, D., & Sezgin, U. (2004). Prostitution and Trafficking in Nine Countries. Journal of Trauma Practice, 2(3–4), 33–74. https://doi.org/10.1300/J189v02n03_03

*There are some significant issues with the FBI data (e.g., not all agencies/states report all of their data), but I've tried to minimize the impact of this by looking at a large time frame so that we can still see the patterns in the data.

[justforbooks]

Internet users advised to change passwords after 16bn logins exposed

Hacked credentials could give cybercriminals access to Facebook, Meta and Google accounts among others

Internet users have been told to change their passwords and upgrade their digital security after researchers claimed to have revealed the scale of sensitive information – 16bn login records – potentially available to cybercriminals.

Researchers at Cybernews, an online tech publication, said they had found 30 datasets stuffed with credentials harvested from malicious software known as “infostealers” and leaks.

The researchers said the datasets were exposed “only briefly” but amounted to 16bn login records, with an unspecified number of overlapping records – meaning it is difficult to say definitively how many accounts or people have been exposed.

Cybernews said the credentials could open access to services including Facebook, Apple and Google – although there had been no “centralised data breach” at those companies.

Bob Diachenko, the Ukrainian cybersecurity specialist behind the research, said the datasets had become temporarily available after being poorly stored on remote servers – before being removed again. Diachenko said he was able to download the files and would aim to contact individuals and companies that had been exposed.

“It will take some time of course because it is an enormous amount of data,” he said.

Diachenko said the information he had seen in infostealer logs included login URLs to Apple, Facebook and Google login pages. Apple and Facebook’s parent, Meta, have been contacted for comment.

A Google spokesperson said the data reported by Cybernews did not stem from a Google data breach – and recommended people use tools like Google’s password manager to protect their accounts.

Internet users are also able to check if their email has been compromised in a data breach by using the website haveibeenpwned.com. Cybernews said the information seen in the datasets followed a “clear structure: URL, followed by login details and a password”.

Diachenko said the data appeared to be “85% infostealers” and about 15% from historical data breaches such as a leak suffered by LinkedIn.

Experts said the research underlined the need to update passwords regularly and adopt tough security measures such as multifactor authentication – or combining a password with another form of verification such as a code texted from a phone. Other recommended measures include passkeys, a password-free method championed by Google and Facebook’s owner, Meta.

“While you’d be right to be startled at the huge volume of data exposed in this leak it’s important to note that there is no new threat here: this data will have already likely have been in circulation,” said Peter Mackenzie, the director of incident response and readiness at the cybersecurity firm Sophos.

Mackenzie said the research underlined the scale of data that can be accessed by online criminals.

“What we are understanding is the depth of information available to cybercriminals.” He added: “It is an important reminder to everyone to take proactive steps to update passwords, use a password manager and employ multifactor authentication to avoid credential issues in the future.”

Toby Lewis, the global head of threat analysis at the cybersecurity firm Darktrace, said the data flagged in the research is hard to verify but infostealers – the malware reportedly behind the data theft – are “very much real and in use by bad actors”.

He said: “They don’t access a user’s account but instead scrape information from their browser cookies and metadata. If you’re following good practice of using password managers, turning on two-factor authentication and checking suspicious logins, this isn’t something you should be greatly worried about.”

Cybernews said none of the datasets have been reported previously barring one revealed in May with 184m records. It described the datasets as a “blueprint for mass exploitation” including “account takeover, identity theft, and highly targeted phishing”.

The researchers added: “The only silver lining here is that all of the datasets were exposed only briefly: long enough for researchers to uncover them, but not long enough to find who was controlling vast amounts of data.”

Alan Woodward, a professor of cybersecurity at Surrey University, said the news was a reminder to carry out “password spring cleaning”. He added: “The fact that everything seems to be breached eventually is why there is such a big push for zero trust security measures.”

Daily inspiration. Discover more photos at Just for Books…?

[notwiselybuttoowell]

Buffeted by global markets and public opinion – both of which show a wary skepticism of Donald Trump’s affinity for trade wars – the president may be about to turn his renowned hostility to truths at odds with what he believes towards public servants charged with producing accurate information.

A proposed rule change making it easier to fire civil servants deemed to be “intentionally subverting presidential directives” could pave the way for the White House to fire statisticians employed to produce objective data on the economy but whose figures prove politically inconvenient, experts warn.

Statistics released by agencies such as the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) are used by the Federal Reserve Bank to set inflation policy and interest rates. They also form the basis on which businesses and investors take decisions.

With Trump under pressure to explain shrinking gross domestic product (GDP) figures amid economists’ warnings that tariffs could trigger a recession, the administration could use new employment rules to pressure workers into “cooking the books”.

“There are a number of changes to the civil service that make it much easier for the administration to try to interfere with the activities of the statistical agencies and that worries me,” said Erica Groshen, a specialist in government statistics at Cornell University.

While acknowledging that there is as yet “no evidence” the Trump administration has done so, Groshen, a former commissioner at the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), fears a new rule proposed last month by the White House’s office of personnel management threatens the future integrity of federal agencies’ figures.

The change, based on an executive order signed by Trump on 20 January immediately after his inauguration, would reclassify about 50,000 as-yet-unspecified permanent civil servant positions to “policy/career” category, thus enabling their removal for “poor performance or misconduct”.

The precise roles to be so redefined have yet to be revealed but Groshen fears statistic specialists will be in the administration’s crosshairs.

“Bureau of Labor Statistics’ leaders could be fired for releasing or planning to release jobs or inflation statistics unfavorable to the president’s policy agenda,” she wrote in a briefing paper that urges organizations dependent on BLS figures to submit comments criticizing the proposal.

“By making it easier to remove employees if a president determines that they are interfering with his or her policies, it increases the potential for passivity or political loyalty to be prioritized over expertise and experience.”

Trump regularly cast doubt on the accuracy of economic data when in opposition – calling positive BLS jobs figures during the Obama and Biden administrations “fake” but hailing them as accurate when they painted a rosy picture of the economy during his first presidency.

Last month, when GDP figures showed an economic contraction during the first 100 days – partly fueled by tariffs – Trump put the blame on Biden.

The commerce secretary, Howard Lutnick – who has direct responsibility over many of the statistical agencies – has suggested changing the way GDP is calculated in a way that might provide more upbeat figures but which would mark a departure from established practice and international standards.

[umlewis]

Hamilton Loses Australia F1 Engine As Mercedes Uncovers Cause of Failure

Lewis Hamilton has lost the power unit that failed in Formula 1's Australian Grand Prix, Motorsport.com has learned, with Mercedes having got to the bottom of what went wrong.

The seven-time world champion retired in the early stages of the race at Albert Park after his Mercedes engine shut down following sensors detecting an unspecified problem. The power unit was flown back to Mercedes' engine facility at Brixworth for post-race analysis to get an understanding of what happened, with no obvious explanation available immediately and the team unclear about whether or not it could be used again. But, ahead of the Japanese Grand Prix, Mercedes discovered that the issue was a terminal one, which means the engine cannot be brought back into the allocation pool that Hamilton has available Mercedes concluded that the retirement was caused by a bottom end failure, which has been traced back to a quality process issue rather than any specific design problem. The loss of one of the four engines Hamilton has for the season at such an early stage makes it likely that he will need to take an extra power unit, and therefore a grid drop, at some point later in the campaign. It appears that the bottom end failure was a one-off, with analysis of the other engines within the current pool for Hamilton and George Russell showing no concerns of there being the risk of a repeat. Hamilton's retirement from the Australian GP has heaped further misery on a troubled start to the season for Mercedes, which has not delivered the step forward hoped for from its 2024 car. The new W15 has shown a particular weakness in high-speed corners, and the team is trying to improve its tire temperature management to better extract more performance from the car. Despite the troubled first few races, Hamilton remained optimistic about the capabilities Mercedes had to turn things around. "I think it's all about perspective," he said. "I think for us, of course, we've not started the season where we wanted to be, but we've got a long way to go. You've seen in the past-last year, for example-just how things can switch in certain teams, looking like Aston, McLaren last year, who started on the back foot. Anything can happen in the sport. I think we've just got to learn as much as we can, take as much as we can from the data, remain positive, continue to work hard, and I would say it's not how you fall, it's how you get up. We're just going to continue to chase and fight, and hopefully we can be fighting at the front at some stage."

[indecisiveavocado]

TL;DR: Jews are one of the most overrepresented groups in hate crime data in the past 5 years, ahead of trans people. If we start it in 2023, it gets even worse. And starting in October 2023, we are not only 13.5 times overrepresented, a plurality of hate crimes are committed against us.

I've done my own analysis, focusing on over/under representation in hate crimes, and here are the results (note: for ethnicity data, I take the 'alone' percentage, because a) that data is easier to find and b) is more likely to reflect reality, as there are very few checks; Elizabeth Warren could claim to be mixed race Native. Also, this biases the data against the point I'm trying to make, that Jews are disproportionately overrepresented in hate crime data, which I like to do to inoculate against criticisms of my methodology -- not that I ever get them, unfortunately.)

Hate crime data is from the FBI. Queer data is from Gallup.

Jews are 2 percent of the US population, but 11 percent of its hate crimes -- 5.5 times overrepresented

Muslims are 1 percent of the US, but 2 percent of its hate crimes -- 2 times overrepresented.

Arabs are 0.6 percent of the US (there are 341 million Americans and 2.13 million non-Iranian MENA residents) but make up 1 percent of its hate crimes -- 1.6 times overrepresented

Queer people are 7.6 percent of the US, but there were 8,933 hate crimes against them [counted by summing the individual and 'mixed group' category, on the assumption it was used for general/unspecified anti-queer hate crimes] against them, 20 percent of hate crimes, making them 2.6 times overrepresented.

Of those, gay men (1.1 percent of the population or so) made up 9 percent of hate crimes, meaning they are overrepresented over eight times!

In fact, if you exclude them, queer people are only about 1.7 times overrepresented!

Trans people are 3.3 times overrepresented, for what it's worth.

Can we talk about gay men? Like, those are huge and indicative of a massive problem.

Seriously, guys.

Hispanic/Latino people are 19.5 percent of the US, but 7 percent of its hate crimes. I'm not going to count that, though, as it seems reasonable to assume that a fairly high proportion is against undocumented people, who would understandably be afraid to come to to the police to report it.

Native Americans are 1.3 percent of the US, but 1 percent of its hate crimes (or so; the data was rounded, so it's, I think, anywhere from 0.5-1.5 percent.) Right about average, then.

Black people are 13.7 percent of the US, but 30 percent of hate crimes; so they are about 2.1 times overrepresented

Asians are 6.4 percent of the US, but 4 percent of its hate crimes.

[Note: I am not providing data for non-Hispanic/Latino white people because there is no way to provide MENA ancestry data except by 'white', which would obviously bias the data. Similarly for Jews.]

Buddhists are 1 percent, and round to 0 percent of its hate crimes; so at least 2 times underrepresented.

Hindus are 1 percent, and are similar to Buddhists here.

Sikhs are under 1 percent of the US, but 1 percent of its hate crimes. I can't give exact data, but they are overrepresented.

Athiests are 5 percent of the US and round to 0 percent of its hate crimes. (It gets worse, it's a combined category of atheism/agnosticism.)

Mormons are 2 percent of the US, and round to about 0 percent of its hate crimes.

Catholics are 19 percent of the US, but 1 percent of its hate crimes.

This is aggregate data for the past 5 years, although they only show data to December 2023. If we filter it to start in January 2023, Jews jump to 16 percent of hate crimes, i.e., eight times overrepresented. And if we filter it to start in October 2023 -- although I should note that there is some indication antisemitism has declined from right after October 7, so this is not entirely fair -- Jews jump to first place, with 27 percent of hate crimes (13.5 times overrepresented) as compared to black people with 21 percent.

edit: forgot to fill in the numbers for muslims.

Seeing these stats made me feel like the paranoia I've had my whole life was justified. This isn't even considering the rate increase in 2025 yet. It's not that we have a "victim complex," it's the fact we are consistently gaslit in regards to our worries while used as political pawns. I despise when people use antisemitism as a shield from their own ignorant/hateful ways of thinking, yet we need to understand antisemitism is a shapeshifting virus and actually listen to our Jewish friends and family.

[brookemedbil]

Ultimate Guide to Medical Billing Codes List: Boost Your Healthcare Revenue & Stay Compliant

Ultimate Guide to Medical Billing Codes List: Boost Your Healthcare Revenue & Stay Compliant

In ‌the fast-paced⁢ world of ‍healthcare, understanding and effectively managing medical billing‌ codes is crucial for ‍maintaining steady revenue flow and ensuring regulatory compliance. Whether you’re a‌ practice owner, ⁣biller, or healthcare administrator, mastering the nuances of medical billing codes can substantially impact ⁤your financial health and‍ operational efficiency. This extensive ⁣guide will walk you through the essentials of medical billing‌ codes, highlight their benefits, and provide practical tips to optimize your billing processes.

What Are Medical Billing Codes?

Medical billing codes are standardized alphanumeric identifiers ​used to represent diagnoses, procedures,​ and services provided during patient care. These codes enable healthcare providers to communicate service details accurately to insurance companies​ and government programs, facilitating reimbursement processes.

The two primary coding systems in the industry include:

ICD codes ‌(International Classification of Diseases): For diagnoses and health conditions.

CPT/HCPCS codes (Current Procedural Terminology / Healthcare common Procedure Coding System): For medical procedures,⁢ tests, and services.

The Importance of the‌ Medical Billing Codes List

Having an up-to-date and​ comprehensive list of medical billing codes is essential for:

Maximizing Healthcare Revenue: ‌Accurate coding ensures proper reimbursement.

Maintaining Compliance: Correct codes reduce the risk of audits and penalties.

Streamlining Billing and claims Processing: Reduces claim rejection and delays.

Enhancing Practice Management: ⁣Facilitates better record-keeping and⁢ data analysis.

Key Components of the Medical Billing Codes List

A ⁤complete medical billing codes list ⁣typically includes:

ICD-10 Codes: For diagnosis classification.

CPT Codes: For outpatient procedures and​ services.

HCPCS Codes: For supplemental services, supplies, and equipment.

Popular​ Medical Billing codes⁢ and Their Uses

ICD-10 Codes (Diagnosis ⁤Codes)

ICD-10 codes are⁢ essential for documenting the patient’s condition. Examples include:

E11.9: Type ​2 diabetes mellitus without complications.

I10: Essential (primary) hypertension.

J20.9: acute bronchitis, unspecified.

CPT Codes (Procedure and Service Codes)

CPT codes describe specific services or procedures, such as:

99213: Office or other outpatient visit,⁣ typically‍ 15 minutes.

93000: Electrocardiogram, routine EKG with 12 leads.

36415: Collection of venous blood by venipuncture.

HCPCS⁤ Codes (Supplemental Codes)

HCPCS includes codes for products and ‌services not covered under CPT, like:

A4217: Wound cleaning or debridement supplies.

Q2001: ⁢ Enteral nutrition, pre-filled, per tube.

Benefits of Using a Medical billing Codes List

Implementing a detailed and accurate codes ⁢list offers numerous benefits:

Increased Reimbursement: Accurate codes ensure appropriate payments for services rendered.

Reduced Denials: Proper‍ coding minimizes errors and rejections from insurance companies.

Regulatory ⁣Compliance: Staying‌ updated with coding standards ensures adherence to federal and state regulations.

Improved⁣ Data ⁤Analytics: Precise coding provides⁣ better insights into practice performance.

Practical Tips for Managing Medical Billing Codes

Effective management of⁣ billing codes requires diligence and‌ strategic practices:

Regularly⁢ Update Your Coding Resources: Coding rules‌ and guidelines evolve, so stay current with updates from CMS, AMA, and other authorities.

Use Certified Coding Professionals: Employ trained medical coders to ensure accuracy.

Invest in Coding Software: Utilize reliable billing and coding software to reduce ⁢human ‍error.

Conduct Regular Audits: Periodic billing audits help identify and⁢ correct coding mistakes.

Stay Educated: attend coding⁣ webinars ​and workshops to keep skills sharp.

Case Study: How Accurate Coding Boosted Healthcare Revenue

Practice Type

Initial⁤ Revenue

Post-Coding Optimization ⁢Revenue

Revenue Increase

Primary Care⁣ Clinic

$500,000

$650,000

30%

Specialist Practice

$750,000

$900,000

20%

by adopting a​ comprehensive coding management system, these practices improved their billing accuracy, reduced claim rejections, and enhanced overall revenue by up to 30%.

First-Hand Experience: The Power of Proper Coding

As a healthcare provider with‍ years of billing experience, ‌I’ve seen firsthand how meticulous coding can transform practice revenue. Small errors ‌like misused codes or outdated codes can lead to significant ‌delays or denials. Conversely,staying current with coding standards,using detailed code descriptions,and maintaining continuous staff ‌training resulted in faster⁢ reimbursements and better cash flow‍ for my practice.

Conclusion

Mastering the medical billing codes list is a vital step toward‌ optimizing healthcare revenue and maintaining regulatory compliance. By understanding the importance of ICD, CPT, and HCPCS codes, keeping your​ coding resources ⁣current, and investing in ‌training and technology, you can significantly improve your practice’s financial health. Remember, accuracy in medical coding not only boosts reimbursement rates but⁤ also safeguards your practice from audits and ‌penalties. Embrace a proactive ​approach to coding management today for a more profitable and compliant ​healthcare practice.

https://medicalbillingcodingcourses.net/ultimate-guide-to-medical-billing-codes-list-boost-your-healthcare-revenue-stay-compliant/

[darkmaga-returns]

OpenAI Text Summary

The commentary surrounding geopolitical predictions has garnered significant attention, particularly with the rise of alternative media voices like Scott Ritter, who has made bold statements regarding the future of Israel in the context of its conflict with Gaza. On October 11, 2023, Ritter suggested that if Israel were to invade Gaza, it would lead to catastrophic consequences for the nation, including the destruction of military headquarters and other key infrastructures. This assertion reflects a broader trend within certain circles of alternative commentators who, despite often sharing similar views on geopolitical issues, have been criticized for their reliance on questionable sources and frequent inaccuracies in their predictions. The author of the article expresses a concern that such predictions, particularly those made without proper substantiation, can undermine the credibility of the anti-empire movement and lead to disinformation.

The article contrasts the predictive approaches of commentators like Ritter and Pepe Escobar with more analytical figures like John Mearsheimer and Jeffrey Sachs. While the former group tends to rely on unspecified sources to make claims about future events, the latter focuses on data-driven analysis without making bold forecasts. The author notes that this approach is more ethically sound, as it avoids the pitfalls of relying on potentially fabricated insider information. The rise of these alternative commentators has been particularly pronounced following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which has led to a surge in interest in alternative perspectives on international relations. However, the author warns that the reliance on sensational predictions can detract from serious discourse and lead to a distorted understanding of geopolitical realities.

The article provides a critical overview of Ritter's past predictions, illustrating a pattern of inaccuracies that raises questions about his credibility. For example, he predicted rapid military outcomes during the Russia-Ukraine conflict that did not materialize, as well as incorrect forecasts regarding the dynamics of NATO and the Middle East. This record of misjudgments has led the author to suggest that there is a responsibility among commentators to reassess the reliability of their sources and the validity of their claims, particularly when they repeatedly prove to be wrong. The author emphasizes the importance of responsible commentary that focuses on analysis rather than sensationalized predictions, arguing that this is crucial for maintaining integrity within the alternative media landscape.

Ultimately, the article advocates for a more disciplined approach to geopolitical commentary, one that prioritizes rigorous analysis over sensationalism. The author acknowledges that while engaging narratives can draw attention, they should not come at the expense of factual accuracy. The piece concludes by suggesting that the alternative media should strive to provide valuable insights rather than misleading predictions, thereby supporting a more informed public discourse around critical global issues. The call for high standards in commentary is framed as a necessary measure to ensure that the voices of dissent against dominant narratives remain credible and effective in influencing public understanding and policy.

[stevenwilliam12]

Burn Injuries Market: Analysis of Epidemiology, Pipeline Products, and Key Companies Involved, DelveInsight | Johnson & Johnson, Mankind Pharma, Perrigo Company PLC, Pfizer Inc., Smith & Nephew PLC, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Trio Lifescience Pvt. Ltd.

Burn Pain Market Insights by DelveInsight

New treatments for burn pain are expected to significantly boost the burn pain market over the next few years.

DelveInsight has launched a new report titled:"Burn Pain - Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast - 2034."It provides a detailed analysis of burn pain, historical and projected epidemiology, and market trends in the US, EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, UK), and Japan.

Download sample report: https://www.delveinsight.com/report-store/burn-pain-market?utm_source=report&utm_medium=promotion&utm_campaign=hpr

Key Findings of the Burn Injury Market Report:

The US recorded the highest number of burn pain treatments, leading the market share among the 7MM (US, EU5, Japan), and is expected to maintain this dominance throughout the forecast period 2025-2034.

Within the 7MM, men have a higher incidence of burn pain primarily due to occupational risks, as they are more likely to work in high-risk occupations such as firefighting and industrial jobs.

Fire-related incidents are the leading cause of burn injuries in the U.S., surpassing all other causes. DelveInsight analysts categorized burn cases by etiology, including flame, contact, scald, electrical, chemical and other factors.

More than 2 million burn injury cases will be recorded in the United States in 2023, and this number is expected to increase by 2034.

The number of burn treatments requiring pain management therapy in the United States is estimated to be approximately 400,000 in 2023, with fluctuations expected throughout the period 2020-2034.

In terms of gender distribution, burns will be more prevalent in men, with 290,000 cases in men and 260,000 cases in women in the United States in 2023.

Fire-related burns account for the majority of cases of burn pain across the 7MM.

Second-degree burns are the most common among 7MM, surpassing first-degree, third-degree, and unspecified burns, likely due to the deeper tissue involvement and higher risk of complications associated with second-degree burns.

Leading Companies in the Burn Injury Market:Johnson & Johnson, Mankind Pharma, Perrigo Company PLC, Pfizer Inc., Smith & Nephew PLC, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Trio Lifescience Pvt. Ltd, 3M, Cardinal Health, Cipla Limited, ConvaTec Group PLC, DeRoyal Industries Inc. and others are actively developing new drugs to address burn pain and improve the treatment situation.

Key Benefits of the Burn Injury Market Report:

Comprehensive insights into burn epidemiology and market across the 7MM (US, EU5, and Japan).

An update on current and emerging treatments for burn pain.

Historical and forecast data on the Burn Pain market, including drug prevalence in the 7MM.

Strategic insights that will help in developing business strategies shaped by emerging trends in the Burn Pain market.

Have a question?For more information on the Burn Pain market situation, see below.https://www.delveinsight.com/sample-request/burn-pain-market?utm_source=report&utm_medium=promotion&utm_campaign=hpr

Overview of Burn Pain

Burns are caused by factors such as heat, radiation, electricity, chemicals, friction, and other external factors. Burn pain is caused by peripheral sensory neuron damage and inflammatory responses, resulting in a complex set of symptoms, including persistent background pain and procedural pain during treatment.

Symptoms vary depending on the severity of the burn.

First-degree burns:Redness and pain.

Second degree burns:Swelling and discoloration.

Third degree burns:Tissue destruction, numbness, severe damage.

Burn injuries have local and systemic effects and can affect organs and bodily functions. These injuries impose a significant physical, socio-economic and psychological burden and require comprehensive multidisciplinary management to reduce complications and promote recovery.

To learn more about the emerging treatments boosting the metastatic hr+/her2- breast cancer market, visit: https://www.delveinsight.com/report-store/burn-pain-market?utm_source=report&utm_medium=promotion&utm_campaign=hpr

Burn Pain Market Outlook

Burn pain is notoriously difficult to manage due to its severity and duration. The primary goals of burn treatment are to safely and effectively relieve pain, reduce complications, preserve functional ability, and improve quality of life.

Initial treatment includes strong opioids and local anesthetics for acute pain, transitioning to peripherally acting agents such as oral opioids and NSAIDs as pain subsides. Multimodal analgesia is key, ensuring optimal analgesia with minimal side effects through appropriate dose adjustments and ongoing patient assessment.

Beyond medication, comprehensive pain management requires a multidisciplinary approach that includes psychologists, physiotherapists and pain specialists to address both the physical and psychological effects of a burn injury.

With off-label medications currently dominating the market and limited pipeline treatments available, pharmaceutical companies have a significant opportunity to develop innovative drugs with novel mechanisms of action to provide more effective and convenient treatments for burn pain.

Scope of the Burn Injury Market Report

Study period:2020-2034

Geographic Coverage:7MM (US, EU5: Germany, France, Italy, Spain, UK, Japan)

Major companies:Johnson & Johnson, Mankind Pharma, Perrigo Company PLC, Pfizer Inc., Smith & Nephew PLC, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Trio Lifescience Pvt. Ltd, 3M, Cardinal Health, Cipla Limited, ConvaTec Group PLC, DeRoyal Industries Inc., and others.

Burn Treatment Assessment:Current and emerging treatments for burn pain.

Market dynamics:It provides Burn Pain market drivers, barriers, and competitive intelligence including SWOT analysis, PESTLE analysis, Porter's Five Forces, BCG Matrix, and market entry strategies.

Unmet needs and what experts say:Burn Pain market access, reimbursement, and insights into the evolving trends shaping the industry.

Have questions? Click here to learn more about the Burn Pain market situation. https://www.delveinsight.com/sample-request/burn-pain-market?utm_source=report&utm_medium=promotion&utm_campaign=hpr

table of contents

1. Introduction to the report

2. Executive Summary

3. SWOT analysis

4. Overview of percentage of burn patients

5. Overview of Burnt Pain Market

6. Background and overview of burn pain disorders

7. Epidemiology and prevalence of burns

8. Number of burn patients by country

9. Current Treatments and Medical Procedures for Burn Pain

10. Unmet Needs

11. New treatment for burns

12. Burn Market Outlook

13. Burn Market Analysis by Country (2020-2034)

14. Market Access and Reimbursement of Therapies

15. Market Drivers

16. Market Barriers

17. Appendix

18. Burn Reporting Methodology

19. DelveInsight Features

20. Disclaimer

21. About DelveInsight

About DelveInsight

DelveInsight is a market research and consulting company specializing in the healthcare and life sciences sector, providing accurate market intelligence to support clients' business strategies. Our team of experienced experts analyzes the latest trends in the pharmaceutical, medical technology and biotechnology sectors and provides optimal solutions to companies across the globe.

Contact Information:

Himanshu

hmason@delveinsight.com

info@delveinsight.com

+14699457679

[hayleymedbil]

Unlocking Medical Billing Codes: The Essential Guide to Accurate Claims and Maximizing Revenue

Unlocking Medical billing Codes: The Essential Guide too Accurate Claims and Maximizing Revenue

Introduction

Medical billing codes are the backbone of healthcare revenue cycles. Whether you’re a‍ healthcare provider, a medical billing specialist, ⁣or a patient ‍navigating the complexities of healthcare, understanding these codes is​ crucial for ensuring accurate claims and maximizing revenue.In this essential guide,we’ll explore ​everything from ‍the different types of medical billing codes to practical tips​ for keeping your billing processes efficient. Let’s dive​ in!

Understanding⁣ Medical Billing Codes

Medical billing codes serve as a worldwide way to categorize and ⁣document medical diagnoses, procedures, and services. Accurate coding ensures that healthcare providers are ‌reimbursed promptly for their services. Ther are primarily three types of medical billing codes:

ICD Codes: International Classification of Diseases (diagnoses)

CPT Codes: Current⁤ Procedural ⁤terminology (services and procedures)

HCPCS Codes: ⁤ Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System⁣ (Medicare⁤ &‌ Medicaid services)

The Importance of Accurate‍ medical Billing Codes

Accurate medical billing codes are essential for several​ reasons:

Maximizing Revenue: Proper coding reduces claim denials and ensures timely payments.

Compliance: Adhering to coding rules helps avoid ‌legal issues and penalties.

Data Analysis: Accurate coding allows for better data ​tracking and analysis, which can inform healthcare improvements.

Benefits of Accurate Medical Billing

Understanding and implementing accurate medical⁢ billing codes can offer numerous benefits:

Increased efficiency in the ⁣billing ⁢process

Enhanced patient satisfaction through swift claims processing

Improved cash flow for healthcare providers

Practical​ Tips for Accurate ⁣Medical ‌Billing

To unlock the full potential of medical billing codes, consider the following practical tips:

Stay Updated: Medical codes are frequently updated. Regularly ⁢check for any changes in‍ coding guidelines.

Use Reliable Software: Invest in reputable medical billing‍ software ​to automate and streamline the‍ coding process.

Continuous Training: Ensure that all staff involved in coding and billing undergo regular training to⁤ keep skills⁢ sharp.

Case Studies:‌ Real-World Examples of Medical Billing Success

Case Study 1: Streamlining ⁢Billing at a local Clinic

A local primary care clinic implemented an advanced‍ billing⁣ software that integrated with their patient⁣ records. By ‍doing so, they reduced claim denials by 20% within just ⁢three months. This allowed⁤ them to receive payments more rapidly, improving their cash flow considerably.

Case Study 2: ‌Training Clinics on Coding Standards

After attending a series⁢ of workshops focused‌ on coding accuracy,a group of healthcare providers managed ⁢to lower their error ​rate in ⁢coding to less‌ than 1%. This​ change had a profound impact on their revenue, increasing by approximately⁢ 15% as a ‍direct result of fewer denied claims.

First-Hand Experience: ⁣Navigating Medical Billing Challenges

As a ⁣medical ⁤billing⁢ specialist, I ​often encounter various challenges ⁢when it comes to coding. One common⁤ issue is‍ the incomplete documentation from healthcare ​providers. By⁣ stressing the importance of thorough⁢ records,many of​ our billing errors have decreased dramatically. I’ve seen firsthand the transformative‌ effects of proper documentation and ​accurate coding on practice revenue.

Table of Commonly⁤ used ​Medical Billing Codes

Code Type

Code

Description

ICD

J03.90

Acute tonsillitis, unspecified

CPT

99213

Established patient office visit, Level ⁣3

HCPCS

A0429

Ambulance service, basic ‌life support

Conclusion

Unlocking the intricacies of medical billing codes is ⁢vital for healthcare providers aiming to improve their revenue cycle ​management. By understanding ‍the ‍different types of coding, the importance of accuracy, and practical tips for success, medical facilities can enhance their billing processes⁢ significantly. Stay informed​ and ⁣proactive in your approach to medical billing, and you’ll undoubtedly reap the ⁣rewards ⁤in efficient operations⁤ and maximized revenue.

https://medicalcodingandbillingclasses.net/unlocking-medical-billing-codes-the-essential-guide-to-accurate-claims-and-maximizing-revenue/

[mitivy]

CAS NO.103-69-5 N-Ethylaniline Manufacturer test report

Quick Details Product name:N-Ethylaniline CAS:103-69-5 Molecular formula:C8H11N Molecular weight:121.18 EINECS No.:203-135-5 Purity:≥99% Brand:MIT -IVY INDUSTRY CO.,LTD Other names：Ethylaniline;N-Ethylbenzenamine;N-ethyl-Benzenamine；p-Ethylaminobenzene；N-monoethylaniline;Anilinoethane；Aniline,N-ethyl- (8CI);Anilinoethane;Ethylphenylamine;N-Ethyl-N-phenylamine;N-Ethylaminobenzene;N-Ethylbenzenamine;NSC 8736; Packing: 250 kg drum Delivery: by air,by sea,by courier Storage:Stored in a cool dry place out of direct sunlight. Appearance:yellow liquid Port: any port in china Density:0.963 g/cm3 PSA:12.03000 LogP:2.19140 Solubility Water: 50 g/L (20 °C) Melting Point:- 63 °C Boiling Point:201.7 °C at 760 mmHg Molecular Weight:121.182 Flash Point:85 °C Safety:28-37-45-28A Risk Code:23/24/25-33 Packing:according to the clients requirement Storage: Store in dry, dark and ventilated place. Transportation: by sea or by air payment methods: L/C, T/T, D/A, D/P, O/A, paypal, western union etc.accept all payment.

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS Product:N-乙基苯胺-N-Ethylaniline CAS:103-69-5 Inspect Date:2022.09.02 Production Date:2022.09.02 Molecular Formula:C8H11NMolecular Weight:121.18 Quantity：25T Batch No.:MITSC22090517 Shelf life:Five years 检测项目 Test Item And Results Item Specification Result Appearance Colorless liquid Colorless liquid N-Ethylaniline  %≥ 99.15 99.27 Benzene amine  %≤ 0.4 0.2 N,N-Diethylaniline  %≤ 0.4 0.38 moisture capacity %≤ 0.005 0.004 Conclusion Qualified N-Ethylaniline Specification The N-Ethylaniline with CAS registry number of 103-69-5 is also known as Benzenamine,N-ethyl-. The IUPAC name and product name are the same. It belongs to product categories of Intermediates of Dyes and Pigments. Its EINECS registry number is 203-135-5. In addition, the formula is C8H11N and the molecular weight is 121.18. This chemical is a yellow liquid that miscible with alcohol, ether. It at low levels causes damage to health and should be sealed in ventilated, cool place away from fire, heat without light. What's more, this chemical can be used as pesticide and dye intermediates, rubber promoting agent and also used in organic synthesis. Physical properties about N-Ethylaniline are: (1)ACD/LogP: 2.13; (2)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 1.98; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 2.12; (4)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 17.2; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 24.21; (6)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 241.62; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 340.12; (8)#H bond acceptors: 1; (9)#H bond donors: 1; (10)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 2; (11)Index of Refraction: 1.559; (12)Molar Refractivity: 40.49 cm3; (13)Molar Volume: 125.3 cm3; (14)Surface Tension: 35.4 dyne/cm; (15)Density: 0.966 g/cm3; (16)Flash Point: 85 °C; (17)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 43.79 kJ/mol; (18)Boiling Point: 201.7 °C at 760 mmHg; (19)Vapour Pressure: 0.304 mmHg at 25 °C. Preparation of N-Ethylaniline: it is prepared by reaction of aniline, ethanol, and phosphorus trichloride. The reaction occurs at the temperature of 300 °C with the reaction pressure of 9.84 MPa. Product is obtained by vacuum distillation. Uses of N-Ethylaniline: it is used to produce N-ethyl-N-benzyl-aniline by reaction with benzoic acid. The reaction occurs with reagent trimethylamine-borane and solvent xylene with other condition of heating for 7 hours. The yield is about 99%. When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it. As a chemical, it is toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Besides, it has danger of cumulative effects. During using it, wear suitable gloves. After contact with skin, wash immediately. In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately. You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure: 1. Canonical SMILES: CCNC1=CC=CC=C1 2. InChI: InChI=1S/C8H11N/c1-2-9-8-6-4-3-5-7-8/h3-7,9H,2H2,1H3 3. InChIKey: OJGMBLNIHDZDGS-UHFFFAOYSA- The toxicity data is as follows: Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source mammal (species unspecified) LD50 unreported 600mg/kg (600mg/kg) Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 48(6), Pg. 22, 1983. mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 242mg/kg (242mg/kg) Yakugaku Zasshi. Journal of Pharmacy. Vol. 97, Pg. 1117, 1977. rat LC50 inhalation > 1130mg/m3/4H (1130mg/m3) United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances. Vol. 8EHQ-0282-0429, rat LD50 intraperitoneal 180mg/kg (180mg/kg) Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene. Vol. 15, Pg. 447, 1957. rat LD50 skin 4700mg/kg (4700mg/kg) Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene. Vol. 15, Pg. 447, 1957. Application 1.This product is used in organic synthesis and is an important intermediate of azo dyes and triphenylmethane dyes. 2.It can also be used as an intermediate of fine chemicals such as rubber additives, explosives and photographic materials. N-Ethylaniline Consensus Reports Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.   Superiority 1.High quality with competitive price: We are manufacturer and can provide high quality products with factory price. 2.Fast and safe delivery ① Parcels can be sent out within 48 hours after payment. Tracking number is available. ②Secure and discreet shipment. You have various choices of transportation methods. 3.We have clients throughout the world. ① Professional service and rich experience make customers feel at ease, adequate stock and fast delivery meet your desire. ②Market feedback and goods feedback are appreciated, meeting customers's requirement is our responsibility. ③High quality, competitive Company Information MIT-IVY INDUSTRY CO.,LTD is a manufacturer and exporter of fine chemical dyes & pharmaceutical intermediates in China. Mainly produce aniline series products and chlorine series products.   MIT -IVY Industry use advance d production technology and test methods to realize production, quality controlling to meet the standard. We have been approved by REACH CETIFICATION ,SGS, ISO9001, ISO140 01, GB/HS16949 and T28001. Technology is the first productive force. It uses science and technology to create a brand, constantly adapts and meets the diverse needs of the market and customers, in order to realize the highest value of the company. MIT -IVY Industry hold “Integrity as root, technology s foundation,quality superiority,and top service”to produce our goods in International standard,our main technology index all meet International standard. We always believe that technology is the first productive force to creat “first class “brand to make out company among the top in this line. So we also set up its own laboratory, hired excellent scientific and technical management personnel, give priority to the development of science and technology, and strive to be the best in the industry. The company has a group of energetic, well-trained employees and strong technical research and development capabilities. We specialize in the production, development and sales of API intermediates, fine chemicals and plant extracts. Relying on advanced equipment and strict management, adhere to the business philosophy of "openness, tolerance, innovation, and sharing" to create a win-win cooperationplatform.Everything comes from innovation, it is our philosophy ! If you are interested in getting more quotations, please add WHATSAPP:0086-17363307174 or E-MAIL:kevin@mit-ivy.com Main products MIT-IVYINDUSTRYCO.,LTDMit-Ivy is a well-known fine chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates manufacturer with strong R&D support in China. Mainly involved Aniline, Chlorine products. Payment：DA 60 DAYSTEL:008617363307174    E-MAIL:kevin@mit-ivy.com    http://www.mit-ivy.com 产品 Product CAS N,N-二甲基-1,4-苯二胺 N,N-Dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine DMPD 99-98-9 N,N-二甲基苄胺 N,N-Dimethylbenzylamine  BDMA 103-83-3 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺   N,N-Dimethylformamide  DMF .68-12-2 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛 DMF-DMA N,N-Dimethylformamidedimethyl acetal  (DMF-DMA) 4637-24-5 N,N-二甲基乙酰胺 N,N-Dimethylacetamide   DMAC 127-19-5 N,N-二乙基间甲苯甲酰胺 避蚊胺 N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide    DEET 134-62-3 N,N-二乙基羟胺 N,N-Diethylhydroxylamine  DEHA 3710-84-7 N-甲基-N-羟乙基苯胺 2-(N-甲基苯胺)乙醇 2-(N-methylanilino)ethanol 93-90-3 N-甲基吡咯烷酮 N-methylpyrrolidone 872-50-4 N,N-二甲基苯胺 N,N-Dimethylaniline   DMA 121-69-7 N,N-二甲基对甲苯胺 N,N-Dimethyl-p-toluidine  DMPT 99-97-8 N,N-二甲基邻甲苯胺 N,N-Dimethyl-o-toluidine   DMOT 609-72-3 N,N-二乙基苯胺 N,N-Diethylaniline 91-66-7 N,N-二乙基间甲苯胺 N,N-Diethyl-m-toluidine 91-67-8 N,N-二羟乙基苯胺 N,N-Dihydroxyethylaniline   PDEA 120-07-0 N-乙基间甲苯胺 N-乙基-3-甲基苯胺 N-Ethyl-m-toluidine/N-Ethyl-3-methylaniline 102-27-2 N-乙基-N-氰乙基苯胺 3-(N-ethylanilino)propiononitrile 148-87-8 N-乙基-N-羟乙基苯胺 N-Ethyl-N-hydroxyethylaniline 92-50-2 N-乙基-N-苄基苯胺 乙基苄基苯胺; N-苄基-N-乙基苯胺 N-ethyl-N-phenylbenzenemethanamine 92-59-1 N-乙基-N-氰乙基间甲苯胺 N-2-cyanoethyl-N-ethyl-m-toluidine 148-69-6 N-乙基-N-苄基间甲苯胺 N-Benzyl-N-ethyl-m-toluidine 119-94-8 N-乙基邻甲苯胺 N-Ethyl-o-toluidine/2-Ethylaminotoluene 94-68-8 N-乙基苯胺 N-Ethylaniline 103-69-5 N-甲基苯胺 N-Methylaniline 100-61-8 N,N-二甲基-间甲基苯胺 N,N-DIMETHYL-M-TOLUIDINE 121-72-2 N-甲基二苯胺 N-Methyldiphenylamine 552-82-9 N-甲基-邻甲基苯胺 N-METHYL-O-TOLUIDINE 611-21-2 N-甲基-对甲基苯胺 N-METHYL-P-TOLUIDINE 623-08-5 4-甲基-N-苯基苯胺 N-PHENYL-P-TOLUIDINE 620-84-8 N-异丙基苯胺 N-ISOPROPYLANILINE 768-52-5 N,N-二氰乙基苯胺 N,N-Dicyanoethylaniline 1555-66-4 N,N-二羟乙基-对甲基苯胺 N,N-DIHYDROXYETHYL-P-TOLUIDINEDHEPT .3077-12-1 N-乙基-2-硝基苯胺 N-Ethyl-2-Nitro-Benzenamine 10112-15-9 2,4-二氯苯胺 2,4Dichloroaniline 554-00-7 N-(2-羟乙基)乙二胺 AEEA 111-41-1 1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮N,N-二甲基亚乙基脲1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉酮（DMI) 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone  DMI N,N'-dimethylimidazolidinone 80-73-9 N,N-二苄基羟胺 N,N-Dibenzylhydroxylamine 621-07-8 对甲苯胺 P-Toluidine  PT 106-49-0 邻甲苯胺 O-Toluidine  OT 95-53-4 二乙基乙醇胺 DEEA;DEAE 100-37-8 甲萘胺 AlphaNaphthylamine 134-32-7 间二氯苯 1,3-Dichlorobenzene   MDCB 541-73-1 间甲苯胺 M-Toluidine  MT 108-44-1 间苯二胺 M-PHENYLENEDIAMINE  MPDA 108-45-2 多乙烯多胺 PEPA 68131-73-7 二乙烯三胺(DETA) Diethylenetriamine  DETA 111-40-0 三乙烯二胺 Triethylenediamine 280-57-9 三乙烯四胺 TriethylenetetramineTETA 112-24-3 四乙烯五胺 TEPA 112-57-2 Read the full article

[bugs1nmybrain]

Liela Lovesworth Official Bio (no.1)

Here's my oc Liela's info! She's also one of my main fictional others

_______________________

Age: 23

Pronouns: she/they/he

Birthday: November 1st, 2000 (scorpio)

From: Nova Scotia, Canada

Height: 5'6"

MBTI: INTP

Job: PT Forensic Data Analysis, Grad Student, PT Food Service Employee

Diagnosis Grocery List: Autism, Questionable Schizoid Personality, ADHD, Cyclothymia Disorder, Mild Arthritis, Unspecified/Unintentional Eating Disorder

Ethnicity: French/European & Indian-Canadian

Interests: Sociology, Computers, Data Analysis, Languistics, Anthropology

Romantic Info<3:

Role: Mostly dom

Sexuality: Lesbian

Her "Type": Shy, Submissive, Easy to Tease, Cute

Pet Names She Uses: sweetheart, princess

Favorite Kink: Mommy kink (with her as the caregiver) bhsbshdbfhd

Special Interest: Social Sciences

Likes: all her favorites, the first couple seasons of Family Guy, the joke: "knock knock, who's there, banana..." (smh)

Dislikes: South Park, HATES Drawn Together, New Family Guy, Shock-value overkill

Favorites:

Food: Fruity things.., salads, pastries

Drink: Coffee, Strawberry Milkshake

Season: Winter

Insect: Ladybug

Holiday: Valentine's Day

Pet: Cat

Humor Genre: Dark Comedy & Dry Humor

Anime Genre: Romantic, Slice-of-Life, Fantasy

Music Genre: Indie-Rock, liminal/electronic

Film Genre: Documentary, Comedy-Dramas

Music Artists: Tame Impala, The 1975, Arctic Monkeys

Disney Princess: Belle

Hazbin Hotel Character: Alastor (me too girl)

Favorite TV Show: The Office

Adult Animated Comedy: Bojack Horseman, Rick & Morty and Bob's Burgers are close behind

[isocertification47india]

What are the Steps to Achieve ISO 27001 Certification in Abu Dhabi

ISO 27001 Certification in Abu Dhabi

ISO 27001 Certification in Abu Dhabi In today’s digital age, data is a prize­d treasure. Protecting it against dange­rs is essential. Both businesse­s and organizations are putting more focus on improving their tools for managing data se­curity. ISO 27001, an internationally recognized preferred ISMS, gives a solid framework for guarding touchy information. For agencies in Abu Dhabi, obtaining ISO 27001 certification in Abu Dhabi no longer remarkably enhances safety but additionally fosters the preservation of actuality among clients, companions, and regulatory bodies.

Understanding ISO 27001:

ISO 27001 is an integral part of the­ ISO/IEC 27000 series. These­ guidelines focus on safeguarding data. The­ International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Ele­ctrotechnical Commission (IEC) release­d them. ISO 27001 specifies how to e­stablish, apply, uphold, and improve an ISMS continually.

The stylish focuses on 3 center necessities:

Confidentiality: Ensuring that data is only accessible to those criminals who have the right to access it.

Integrity: Safeguarding the accuracy and completeness of records and processing techniques.

Availability: Ensuring that jail customers have access to records and related assets at the same time as required.

Why ISO 27001 Certification Matters in Abu Dhabi

Abu Dhabi is the UAE’s capital, hosting many busine­sses, major finances, and initiatives. The­ quick jump to digital put cybersecurity in focus. Sectors such as finance­, healthcare, governme­nt, and oil and gas feel a heighte­ned cyber threat risk. Holding an ISO 27001 ce­rtification in Abu Dhabi shows dedication to protecting sensitive­ information, shrinking risks, and meeting laws and rules.

Key benefits of ISO 27001 certification in Abu Dhabi encompass:

Enhanced Reputation: Demonstrates an energy of mind to facts protection, boosting credibility with customers and stakeholders.

Regulatory Compliance: Helps meet close and global criminal and regulatory necessities associated with facts safety and cybersecurity.

Risk Management: Provides a scientific approach to dealing with data safety risks, reducing the danger of records breaches.

Customer Trust: Assures customers that their facts are handled securely, fostering extended-term organization relationships.

Competitive Advantage: Differentiates your company from the competition, which will have a different diploma of protection.

Steps to Achieve ISO 27001 Certification in Abu Dhabi

Achieving ISO 27001 certification in Abu Dhabi includes a nicely set up approach that calls for dedication, property, and expertise. The following steps define the certification adventure:

Step 1: Preliminary Assessment and Gap Analysis Before embarking on the certification system, conduct an initial evaluation to apprehend the contemporary-day U.S.A. Of your ISMS. A hole evaluation allows you to pick out regions wherein your organization’s gift practices do now not meet the requirements of ISO 27001. This assessment office works on the idea of developing a movement plan.

Step 2: Obtain Management Support. Securing buy-in from pinnacle control is essential for the fulfillment of the certification method. ISO 27001 Certification in Abu Dhabi implementation calls for property, time, and a cultural shift within the agency. Management’s self-control ensures that critical assistance and assets are to be had at some unspecified time in the future of the method.

Step three: Define the Scope of the ISMS. Clearly outline the boundaries of your ISMS. This includes identifying the components of your corporation in an incredible manner to be covered with the valuable resource of the certification, together with particular departments, locations, or commercial organization company devices. The scope wants to align with the company’s regular desires and hazard manipulation technique.

Step four: Risk Assessment and Treatment A thorough threat assessment is at the center of ISO 27001 ce­rtification in Abu Dhabi. Identify functionality threats and vulnerabilities that could affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of statistics. Once dangers are recognized, develop a threat remedy plan that outlines how the dangers are managed, mitigated, or common.

Step 5: Develop the ISMS Documentation ISO 27001 certification in Abu Dhabi requires complete documentation to support the ISMS. This includes guidelines, strategies, painting instructions, and records. Key documents encompass the Information Security Policy, Risk Assessment Report, Statement of Applicability, and Risk Treatment Plan. The documentation should mirror the agency’s specific goals and context.

Step 6: Implement the ISMS With the documentation in the region, the subsequent step is to locate and put the ISMS into effect sooner or later for the commercial enterprise corporation. This consists of rolling out tips and techniques, undertaking education durations, and making sure that all employees understand their roles and duties in retaining statistics protection.

Step 7: Conduct Internal Audits Internal audits are a vital issue of the ISO 27001 ce­rtification in Abu Dhabi approach. Regular audits assist in deciding the effectiveness of the ISMS and turn out to be aware of regions for development. It is essential to have a knowledgeable internal audit organization or interact with out-of-door auditors to perform those audits objectively.

Step 8: Management Review Top manipulation is needed to evaluate the ISMS at planned intervals properly. The manipulated evaluation assesses the ISMS’s average performance, considers modifications in doors and inner issues, evaluates possibilities for development, and guarantees that the ISMS stays aligned with the commercial agency organization business organization agency’s strategic desires.

Step nine: Certification Audit The certification audit is completed via a licensed certification frame. The audit is commonly done in stages:

Stage 1 Audit: The auditor critiques the ISMS documentation to make sure it meets ISO 27001 necessities.

Stage 2 Audit: The auditor evaluates the implementation of the ISMS and the effectiveness of the threat manipulation techniques and controls.

If the business enterprise meets the necessities, the certification body will trouble the ISO 27001 certificate.

Step 10: Continuous Improvement and Surveillance Audits ISO 27001 is based absolutely entirely primarily on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, which emphasizes non-prevent development. Once the­y’ve been ce­rtified, financial corporations need to keep che­cking and updating their ISMS. New risks, along with changes in the­ business world, mean the ne­ed for these update­s. Each year, the certification body doe­s audits. Their goal? To ensure that the­ ISMS stays excellent and obedient.

Challenges and Considerations in Abu Dhabi

While ISO 27001 certification in Abu Dhabi gives incredible advantages, groups in Abu Dhabi can also face demanding situations at some stage. Some key troubles embody:

Cultural Differences: The multicultural environment in Abu Dhabi requires sensitivity to cultural versions while enforcing protection recommendations and strategies. It is essential to ensure that the ISMS aligns with nearby cultural norms and values.

Regulatory Landscape: Abu Dhabi has particular guidelines associated with records safety and cybersecurity, collectively with the UAE’s Federal Law No. 2 of 2019 at the Use of Information and Communication Technology in Health Fields. Organizations want to make sure that their ISMS aligns with the one’s tips.

Resource Allocation: Implementing ISO 27001 ce­rtification in Abu Dhabi requires massive investment in time, money, and human property. Smaller agencies may also need help to allocate the essential property for certification.

Change Management: ISO 27001 Certification in Abu Dhabi implementation frequently involves changes in organizational lifestyles and worker behavior. Effective exchange control techniques are essential to ensure the smooth adoption of the current ISMS.

Choosing the Right Certification Body

Selecting the proper certification frame is vital for a successful ISO 27001 certification gadget. In Abu Dhabi, numerous authorized certification bodies offer ISO 27001 certification in Abu Dhabi services. When choosing a certification body, keep in thoughts the following factors:

Accreditation: Make sure­ a recognized body sanctions the certificate’s frame­work. For e­xample, the Emirates Inte­rnational Accreditation Centre (EIAC) or the­ United Kingdom Accreditation Service­ (UKAS) can be such bodies.

Reputation: Look for a certification frame with sturdy recognition inside the organization and a music document of success certifications.

Local Expertise: A certification body with experience in the Abu Dhabi marketplace may additionally have a better understanding of community suggestions, enterprise organization practices, and cultural troubles.

Conclusion

ISO 27001 certification Abu Dhabi is strategic funding for businesses in Abu Dhabi, imparting more potent information protection, regulatory compliance, and an aggressive issue in the marketplace. By following a primarily based in reality without doubt approach to implementation, agencies can benefit from certification and experience the extended-time period blessings of a robust ISMS. Despite the stressful situations, the rewards of ISO 27001 ce­rtification in Abu Dhabi terms of customer shipping as proper, reputation, and risk management ways outweigh the efforts involved. As Abu Dhabi continues to conform as a global business agency corporation hub, ISO 27001 certification in Abu Dhabi will play an important function in safeguarding the metropolis’s digital destiny.

Why Factocert for ISO 27001 Certification in Abu Dhabi?

We provide the best ISO consultants Who are knowledgeable and provide the best solution. And to know how to get ISO certification. Kindly reach us at contact@factocert.com. work according to ISO standards and help organizations implement ISO certification in Abu Dhabi with proper documentation.

For more information, visit ISO 27001 Certification in Abu Dhabi

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[econhelpdesk]

Raw Data to Forecasts Assignment Help Guide to Time Series Analysis in Econometrics

Have you ever thought how the economists make prediction on stock market trends, define the pace of economic growth, or assess the effects of changes in the policy over the period? The secret weapon is time series analysis, and it may be the oldest tool in the entire kit. This refined technique helps the analyst has a means to explore inside the complex structure and change of database as they occur, and this is a foresight thing.

One of the most important and widely accepted paradigms in economics is knowledge of time series data. It is an essential commodity to have as it provides a way to understand how the different economic factors vary with time, and therefore is important to any person planning to understand the rise and fall of economic activities. Through time series data, economists can dissect various patterns about trends, seasons and cyclic flows.

Hence, are likely to have clearer vision of past, now and even the emerging economic perspectives in the future. Yes, it is exactly like working with a time machine, because it allows us to watch not only how variables affect each other in the present, but also observe them over time. This skill empowers economists with foresight into the future market trends besides ascertaining the impacts of different policy measures that have been implemented in the economy to make sound decisions.

What is Time Series Analysis?

Census analysis resembles consumer behaviour studies in its exclusive focus on quantitative data aggregated and collected continuously over intervals of time that may range from daily to annually or over longer time periods. While cross sectional data provides different kind of information at different subject within the then, but time series data provides multi kind of information of similar subject in different periods of time. This aspect of time is important because it records change over time which is useful for dynamic fields such as economics.

This is part of the time series data for the above two reasons it is easier to used components of time series data in purchasing rather than using absolute level of data Sources of Time Series Data Time series data can be collected in the following ways:

Components of Time Series Data

Time series data is typically composed of three main components:

Trend: This is giving the long-term movement in the data. Trends specify whether the information can be escalating, diminishing or be fairly stable over some period. For example, an increase in the stock prices could be indicative of an upward trend in the business’ health such as an improvement in the economic indicators. Seasonality: It contains patterns that recur after certain unspecified regular intervals like, monthly or quarterly. Seasonality reveals that certain inventory sales or product usage will fluctuate throughout time due to factors such as the holiday season, summer, or winter. Residuals: Additional also called as noise, residuals represent the fluctuations in data not related with the trend or seasonality. They signify the variability of the time series and may be the result of any number of occurrences or occasional changes.

Key Takeaway

Applied to data, time series analysis is not only for the sake of retrospective; it is a means of modelling the future as well. Through the identifying and quantifying of components of a time series, one is in a position to forecast in an informed manner regarding trends and behavior of the series in the future. It proves tremendously helpful in the planning, decision-making, and strategic development processes spanning through different segments of the economy.

Popular Time Series Models

ARMA Model

Overview: The ARIMA model is a time series forecasting model which is widely used and is a more general model as compared to the moving average method. It combines three components: Auto Regressive (AR), then the differenced or integrated series is denoted by (I) and finally, the Moving Average (MA). The AR component include co-efficient of the variable lagged over time, the I component involves transforming the data into a stationary form and the MA component involve the error term being able to be modeled as a weighted sum of error terms of past time periods.

Example: If planning to employ the ARIMA in modeling the growth rates of the GDP then we would begin by determining if the GDP contains a unit root. If not, we differentiate the data until it becomes stationary as it under the integrated part. Then, we check the order of differenced series by using the correlogram for auto correlogram and partial correlogram. Last, we use the obtained ARIMA model to forecast future GDP growth rates after applying stationarity on the time series data.

GARCH Model

Overview: The GARCH (Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity) model is intended for the time series data that characterizes financial observations, the volatility of which varies within time intervals. POG extends the ARCH model by making variance at one time depend on variance at the previous time, enabling a more complex specification of heteroskedasticity.

Example: Using GARCH, we start by first examining the use of stock returns by looking at the existence of volatility clustering, where there are high and low volatility phases. Thus, in the next step, we estimate the GARCH model with the time varying variance or volatility. This model aids in the prediction of future volatility which is important in risk assessment or pricing of options.

Seasonal Decomposition

Overview: Seasonal decomposition breaks a time series into the constituent parts that make up the data: trend, seasonality, and random effect. This way of data presentation helps analysts look deeper into the data and identify some patterns, which would be easier to represent and predict in a model.

Example: Consequently, applying the decomposition of time series by removing trend, seasonal, and irregular components, we utilize the unemployment rate data obtained for each month during the period from 1994 to 2015. The trend factor represents long-term trends in unemployment, changes for the period are shown, the seasonal factor reflects seasonal variations, while the remaining fluctuations are considered as stochastic. This process of decomposition is beneficial in unravelling individual components influencing the relative unemployment rates.

Applications in Economics

Financial Markets: It is equally used in the forecast of stock prices, interest rates, and even exchange rates through time series analysis. Macroeconomics: Using time series approach in predicting the economic future by predicting the Growth in GDP, Inflation rates and Unemployment rates. Policy Analysis: Since time series data heavily involves the use of time in its analysis, it is useful for adopting when analyzing the temporal effect of various economic policies. Tools and Software for Time Series Analysis: Some of the commonly used and available software and tools which can be used for carrying out the time series analysis includes; `R’, Python and its several libraries like pandas, statsmodels and scikit-learn and ‘Stata’ and Eviews among others.

Example: Forecasting GDP Growth Rates Using ARIMA

Data Collection: Obtain the quarterly GDP growth rate data, preferably from the FRED, the Federal Reserve Economic Database that offers standard and reliable data. Data Preparation: You should also use graphical techniques as a way of increasing the understanding about the variables more, and this may entail things like plotting with a view of identifying any seasonal patterns or even making transformations such as taking log or making differences. Model Selection: to determine the ACF and and PACF of the original series to identify the parameters for the AR and MA models respectively beforehand then estimate some trial ARIMA models and rank and select them using the measures of AIC / BIC. Model Evaluation: Check for residual auto correlation through the Ljung- Box statistic, and for a desirable measure of a good model, compare the out of sample forecasting using the training sample and the test sample data on the basis of the forecast errors displayed. Forecasting: Look into the past and determine the current Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and provide for the future projections of the GDP, including the growth rates and plot the relative points as well as the confidence intervals.

Econometrics homework Help resources for Students

With our econometrics homework help, we offer the students who are taking courses in econ a support service following macroeconomics and micro economics concepts suitably merged with advanced econometric approaches. We seek to enhance the students’ capability to comprehend econometric methodologies, and apply the knowledge required to model various aspects of the economy.

Our services encompass a broad range of econometric applications:

Consumer Preferences and Choices: Through econometric model-based approaches, we help students decipher consumers’ behavior, choice patterns, and decision-making technics. Through methods like discrete choice models or regression analysis, the students shall be in a special position to weigh certain trends concerning the consumer behavior. Estimating Production Functions: They also embrace approximating production functions to establish the correlation between factors of production such as labor and capital and outputs in three industry classes in order to support learners. It shall be deemed essential towards the assessment of productivity and efficiencies within firms. Market Studies: We help students perform accurate market polls using econometric tools for collecting and analyzing data. This consistency relates with markets prospects, prices and elasticity, and structures in each economy, which is vital for business planning and economic policy making in an economy. Tax Policy Impact Studies: In our capacity, we are also able to assess the different effects that different tax policies may have on the overall economy. By applying econometric models, the students are able to identify forces that control the relationship between taxation and certain variables such as consumption expenditure, investment, and growth rate of the economy.

Specifically, to help the students in their time series help, we employ various scientific tools and programs often used in econometrics, such as R languages, Python, Stata, and EViews. Our expert tutors are familiar with these tools and explain them to the student in a stage-by-stage manner so that they can appreciate the concepts and how these tools can be of help in various scenarios. So, regardless of whether you need help with the basic concepts of econometric theory or would like to take advantage of our experts’ profound knowledge to apply econometric models to actual datasets in order to solve various problems, we are here to help students in their econometrics assignment help, improve their analytical skills and grades in econometrics.

[isocertification-in-denmark24]

Why Consider ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark and the Importance of Auditors ?

ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark

ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark For Danish agencies looking to prioritize worker protection, lessen workplace risks, and show electricity of will to a robust and regular way of life, ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark gives a globally identified benchmark. Here’s a breakdown of the benefits of pursuing this ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark and the critical function auditors play in sporting it:

Benefits of ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark:

Enhanced Employee Safety and Wellbeing: Implementing a sturdy Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS), as stated in ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark, helps spot and mitigate dangers, fostering safety popularity among personnel. This results in a discount on hobby injuries, accidents, and illnesses.

Compliance with Danish Regulations: The Danish Working Environment Authority (Arbejdstilsynet) enforces various pointers related to workplace safety. An ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark-compliant OHSMS permits agencies to ensure adherence to the ones hints, minimizing the hazard of fines or results.

Improved Operational Efficiency: By proactively dealing with protection dangers, groups can streamline operations and decrease disruptions due to vicinity-of-challenge incidents. This affects elevated productivity and the price of monetary, economic, and financial savings.

Enhanced Brand Reputation: ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark demonstrates an agency’s strength of mind in moral practices and social duty, attracting information and boosting client self-neglect. This may be especially treasured in Denmark, where a strong hobby to employee wellbeing exists.

Competitive Advantage: In the current international market, ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark may be a differentiator, making Danish businesses more competitive when bidding for contracts or attracting clients who practice safety awareness.

Importance of Auditors ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark

Auditors play a crucial function in the adventure toward ISO 45001 Auditors  in Denmark certification. Here’s how their data benefits Danish groups:

Gap Analysis: Auditors can compare your modern-day OH&S practices to the requirements of ISO 45001 Auditors  in Denmark, identifying any discrepancies or areas for improvement. This lets agencies understand the scope of the difficult work required to ensure advantage compliance.

Guidance and Support: Auditors can offer valuable guidance and help at an unspecified point in the implementation process. They will permit you to improve and report your OHSMS, teach your employees, and prepare for the certification audit.

Verification of Compliance: Auditors conduct behavior audits to verify whether or not your OHSMS meets the ISO 45001 Auditors  in Denmark requirements. This unbiased assessment ensures that your device is powerful in managing protection risks.

Continuous Improvement: Auditors can recognize regions for development to your OHSMS at an unspecified time during the audit. This is crucial for preserving and continuously enhancing your protection control device over time.

Types of Auditors in Denmark:

Two most necessary forms of auditors are concerned with wearing out ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark:

Internal Auditors: These auditors are hired through your industrial business enterprise business employer and commercial enterprise employer. They conduct internal audits to assess your OHSMS’s effectiveness and identify functionality shortcomings.

Certification Body Auditors: These are impartial auditors approved through DANAK (The Danish Accreditation Fund) for behavior certification audits. They verify in case your OHSMS meets the ISO 45001 favored and recommend certification upon an achievement of completion.

Finding Qualified Auditors in Denmark:

Numerous certified auditors in Denmark provide information on ISO 45001 implementation and certification. Here are some sources to help you discover the right auditor for your company business enterprise:

DANAK: The Danish Accreditation Fund lists accepted certifications for our bodies and their auditors.

Danish Chamber of Commerce: They can also provide assets or pointers for auditors to consider for your organisation.

Professional Associations: Industry-precise professional institutions also likely have a network of recommended auditors acquainted with your region’s safety-demanding situations.

By partnering with an authorized auditor, Danish groups can navigate the ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark technique efficaciously, ensuring a robust OHSMS and a power of mind for employee protection and health. Remember, investing in an auditor funds your employees’ security and the extended-term fulfillment of your commercial enterprise employer.

Why Factocert for ISO 45001 Certification in Demark

We provide the best ISO consultants in Denmark Who are knowledgeable and provide the best solution. And to know how to get ISO certification. Kindly reach us at contact@factocert.com. work according to ISO standards and help organizations implement ISO Certification in Denmark with proper documentation.

For more information, visit ISO 45001 Certification in Denmark.

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