#the human brain needs a firmware update

[21st-century-minutiae]

Ender's Game was a late twentieth century young adult science fiction novel by Orson Scott Card about a young genius who is recruited and trained to be a commanding officer in a war against aliens by a desperate authoritarian state.

In the novel, as essentially a B plot, the boy's siblings enact a plan to gain supreme political power by blogging essays on politics.

Ender's Game was written before blogging was so ubiquitous on the internet. It was drawing on historical examples of essayists of the late 18th century gaining political acclaim through newspapers (e.g. John Adams and Alexander Hamilton). Card did not predict that the lowered barriers to entry and vast amounts of content would dilute the impact of individual essayists. Moreover, the prevailing cultures of the early twenty-first century are not open to the same 'overturning tradition through enlightened rationality' of 18th and 19th century intellectuals which encouraged a maverick restructuring of matters towards new modes of thought, which would appreciate this kind of essayists.

In the early twenty-first century it is humorous or baffling to consider an individual achieving political power through such means.

What would you say is your "posting niche". What type of "post" do you "specialise" in "making"

brilliant socio-political analysis which will soon have me in my rightful place as hedgemon

[apacbusinesstimes]

Smart driving: Danny Adams’ Journey with Gofar’s Connected Car Solutions

The environment is been polluted by various dangerous gases and chemicals. The major contributors to pollution are industries, motor vehicles, combustion devices, and many more. Cars release pollutants like carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide when the fuel is burnt. All these hazardous chemicals will affect humans causing various diseases related lungs, heart, brain, etc. The automotive industry needs to bring sustainable solutions that will reduce pollution and save the earth 

In this article, we discuss one such company GOFAR that motivates drivers to reduce carbon emissions and helps in safe driving through its simple hardware and software-integrated service. GOFAR was founded by Danny Adams who decided to reduce carbon emissions created by cars.

Danny Adams: Founder & CEO of Gofar

Danny Adams, since a young age, was passionate about motor vehicles and the environment, he used to drive vehicles at the age of 12. Later in his teenage, he had a special interest in rockets and was even selected for NASA Space Camp in the USA. He complete a Bachelor’s degree in the stream of Aerospace, Aeronautics, and Astronautical Engineering from UNSW.

Adams worked as a Project Engineer at MSC Software company and worked for several years as a technical service Engineer at 3M, which identifies new ideas and transforms them into ingenious products. Later he founded Founder Institue, which helps aspiring founders build their startups worldwide. In the year 2013, Adams met Ian Davidson at Sydney’s Fishburners co-working space, and together founded GOFAR which helps to track mileage easily with the software. 

GOFAR  was established with Adam’s desire to reduce carbon emissions generated by cars. He wanted to develop a machine that would easily track the carbon emissions of cars and motivate drivers to reduce them. Then he developed a prototype and gained two patents from the US Patent Office. Later he raised funds for the company’s future growth and started a Kickstarter campaign in 2015, where he pre-sold $220,00 of GOFAR units. Hence with his passion and strategic planning, Adams took GOFAR towards success.

About GOFAR

GOFAR is the world’s most accurate mileage tracker for drivers established in the year 2013. The company was founded by Danny Adams and has headquarters located in Sydney, New South Wales. GOFAR makes hardware and apps that connect cars and help drivers make proper driving, maintenance, and finance decisions. The app will show the carbon emission rate and motivate drivers to reduce it along with monitoring and improving driver behavior.

The mission of GOFAR is to cut car costs for drivers and society. It also saves drivers time and money along with reducing car pollution and making safer roads. The primary focus while designing GOFAR was to fit in and match any car interior along with providing safety and feedback to drivers. The working and use of the GOFAR device is simple and easy where a driver needs to plugin GOFAR and needs to download the app. After which the device will directly collect and analyze the engine data. Regular updates are given to drivers from GOFAR through the app, and improvements to calibration and firmware on GOFAR can be updated over the air without any complexity for the user. It also provides safety to drivers with real-time feedback about road awareness.

GOFAR has sustainability initiatives and practices integrated into its core values and goals. It aims to always provide the utmost care and quality products that are temperature resistant and can be recycled in its applications for a better customer and user experience. The company partners with fuel and insurance companies, mechanics, etc to help drivers. GOFAR is helping drivers from around 53 countries and is currently active on 6 continents having teams in Australia, Poland, the USA, India, the UK, the Phillippines, and Kenya.

Award and Recognitions

In the year 2021, Danny Adams received the Road Safety Technology Award from the Australian Road Safety Federation. GOFAR was recognized for its innovation and design and was awarded with Good Design Award. Hence Danny Adams, a sustainable entrepreneur of GOFAR, has been doing great work in reducing carbon emissions from cars and helping drivers save time and money.

Visit More : https://apacbusinesstimes.com/smart-driving-danny-adams-journey-with-gofars-connected-car-solutions/

[95mcqueen]

NAME. montgomery mcqueen. ALSO KNOWN AS. lightning, monty. MANUFACTURE YEAR. 2004. SPECIES. robot, human-resembling. OCCUPATION. entertainer, professional racer. coach. LOCATION. travels often for work; home base is in radiator springs, arizona, USA.

HEIGHT. 185cm / 6′1″. HAIR. brown. EYES. blue. BUILD. athletic. PLAY-BY. harrison ford.

CHEATSHEET.

lightning’s an entertainment android, and as the name implies he was created to entertain humanity.

he’s a first generation robot of the fast track line: a set of androids created to do professional race car driving.

he’s not invincible, with his design trading in overall hardware durability and life expectancy for enhanced performance.

lightning can run on several kinds of energy: gasoline, most alternative fuels, and electricity. he’s had a recent upgrade that converts solar power too, but only when he has a specific panel built in his chest exposed to the sun.

his racing vehicle of choice is a 2006 custom built piston cup racing stock car. originally painted red, he repainted it in 2017 to be a dark blue.

lightning’s most notably won seven piston cups, but has also won several other championships for races inside and outside the US.

ABILITIES.

computer interfacing - when hooked up to any technological device (lightning is USB 3.0 capable!), lightning can navigate it much faster than a human. he can use devices normally (i.e. typing and using a mouse and looking at a monitor and all), but it’s a lot quicker if he’s plugged in. his USB port is at the tip of his left ring finger behind a sliding panel.

perpetual power - lightning doesn’t need to rest or sleep to recharge, technically. he may occasionally need to rest to cool down his internal temperatures and prevent overload if he’s strained himself physically, but sleep itself is unnecessary. lightning only goes into sleep mode to do daily diagnostics and routine file checking of his system.

superhuman capabilities - lightning is stronger, faster, and can take in more input than a normal human, more or less giving him “superhearing” and “supersight”. he can even see in the dark, but his optics glow when he activates it. his processing power also allows him to perform logical operations faster than the human brain, which helps a lot with racing.

scanning - as he’s built to entertain humans, lightning has rudimentary scanning functions that allow him to gauge the basic state of any human he’s talking to. temperature, heartrate, and an acute perception of their body language fall under this sphere.

multilingual - lightning can speak any language currently being used in the world as long as he has the language packs downloaded.

waterproofing - he’s waterproof, but cannot withstand extreme temperatures, whether hot or cold.

car interfacing - lightning is optimised to work best when he’s inside his designated race car and hooked up to it, with all his senses ramped up to maximum capacity as he borrows the car’s processing power. through his car and its satellite and wireless capabilities, he’s able to update himself with the latest fast track firmware available whenever he’s hooked up, and can also be reprogrammed using the computer built into it.

HISTORY.

montgomery mcqueen, then called “monty” by his creators, was one of the last few models created in his generation.

he was first owned by a nothing scent company named smell swell both to revitalise their sales and to introduce android tech to the racing scene.

as smell swell failed to improve, monty was later purchased by rust-eze, a company for rust and other decay-related removal substances, after a driver for the company first saw him race.

at mack’s-- the aforementioned truck driver’s-- suggestion, monty decided to go by “lightning” from then on, especially since rust-eze gave him full creative control over his image.

after winning plenty of races on small time circuits throughout 2005, lightning became the first android of the fast track line racing among humans in the nationwide piston cup of 2006.

an accident just before his last race of ‘06 had him getting lost on route 66, however, which led him to a small town named radiator springs.

in radiator springs, lightning had his first taste of freedom-- life beyond his programmed purpose to win races. he met a mix of humans and androids, most notably another android named hudson hornet: the first android ever to race on a track with humans and win three consecutive cups.

hudson, after much trials and tribulations, eventually ended up becoming his mentor in racing, as well as the chief of his pit crew.

lightning lost the piston cup of ‘06 after going back to help legendary racing champion, strip “the king” weathers, when the human got caught in a wreck. unbeknownst to him, this improved android acceptance among humans significantly.

following the piston cup of ‘06, rust-eze wrote in an addendum to lightning’s contract, allowing him to live in radiator springs off-season. between racing, his time in radiator springs allowed him to better understand humans and their customs.

after participating in the piston cup of ‘07, lightning finally emerged at the end of the season as champion. his groundbreaking victory thus started a trend of other companies creating racing androids to send in place of humans.

hudson hornet’s systems shut down beyond repair shortly after lightning’s championship win, leaving lightning devastated at the loss of his mentor. though he raced in the piston cup of ‘08-- renamed the hudson hornet memorial piston cup thereafter-- his performance suffered greatly.

his performance in the piston cup of ‘09 was much better in comparison.

in 2010, lightning had his first international competition in the first world grand prix. this launched his career further, allowing him to participate in other international races when he had time outside the american circuits.

for the next ten years, lightning continued racing annually, until the 2016 generation of machine racers left him struggling with his outdated technology. lightning found it near impossible to win against state of the art androids created to have symbiotic relationships with their cars; not only were he and his car separate entities, but his operating software was old, too.

during the piston cup of 2017, lightning eventually passed his torch to cruz ramirez, a newer generation android with much better performance than his. he also became her coach and chief of her crew pit.

though he continued to race in smaller circuits for a few more years after, he announced his official retirement in 2021.

these days, lightning occasionally joins local races throughout arizona, but for the most part the “bigger” parts of his career are over. lightning’s only intentions with huge racing circuits forevermore are in a coaching capacity for cruz-- at least until he shuts down beyond repair one day, too.

lightning mcqueen’s wiki page is here, for reference.

[alarawriting]

Writeober #4: Loud

The children were playing. It was toy hour, so they had out Legos, and dolls, and wooden trains, all that sort of thing. Quiet, by the standards of an orphanage. A couple of Eights were reading, an activity they preferred to playing with toys. Children’s babble filled the air, but not the shrieks they made when they played outside.

And then Jayden started screaming, almost painfully loudly. “I want my mommy! I want my mommy!”

Laurie ran to him and gathered him into her arms. “Oh, Jayden, I know,” she said, rocking him. “I know, honey, I know. But she’s not here.”

Jayden was a Four who had just been surrendered a few weeks ago. “Where is she? I want to see her! I want my mommy!” He thrashed in Laurie’s arms, but the limiter prevented him from exerting any more strength than a normal four-year-old child.

“Sweetie, I’m so sorry. But this is your home now, and any day now, a new mommy or daddy might come through that door and see you and say ‘What a beautiful, wonderful little boy! We want him for our own little boy!’ and take you to a new home with them, and they’ll be your mommy or daddy.”

“I don’t want a new mommy! I’ll kick the new mommy!” Jayden howled. “I want my mommy!”

“I know, sweetie,” Laurie said, sadly. It was all she could say. It was all she could say to any of them.

Several others started crying for their own mommies and daddies. Basil, who’d been in the back working on the finances, came out to help, and the other childcare workers moved around the playroom, soothing children. In her mind, Laurie damned to hell the men and women who’d abandoned these children. How could they do that? How could anyone do that to a child?

But humans weren’t designed to have children who never aged, who lived 40-50 years and grew more knowledgeable but never substantially more mature. Laurie loved the Calvin children desperately, and wanted to save all of them, and if she had been queen of the world she would have made their continued manufacture illegal and had everyone involved in creating and marketing them arrested. There shouldn’t be any more Calvin children coming into the world; it was far too terrible a place for them.

At that, it was better than it had been when Laurie was younger. In her freshman year at college, her roommate Kathy had recruited her in a panic to help her save her little brother, an Eight. Like most families who bought them, Kathy’s had gotten a Calvin child when they’d had no children of their own, but then Kathy’s dad had undergone an experimental fertility treatment, and for him, it had worked. Turned out down the road to cause prostate and testicular cancer, but he’d managed to get his wife pregnant with a healthy baby.

Kathy’s brother had fallen in love with the new baby, playing with her and cooing at her and taking care of her, even learning to change diapers and feed her a bottle. So her parents had kept him, for the help he gave them with her. By the time Kathy was old enough that they didn’t need him to watch her anymore, she’d been so attached to him they hadn’t been able to get rid of him. He’d been Kathy’s older brother that she looked up to, and then her peer that she played with, and then the little brother she protected.

In those days the Calvin Corporation had only leased Calvin Children; you couldn’t buy them. It was intended as a measure to protect the children from abuse, but it almost guaranteed that if parents had their own child, or grew tired of a child who never aged, or were tight on money and needed to cut costs, they would stop leasing, returning the Calvin child to the corporation… where their memories would be wiped, and they’d either be sent on to a new home, or destroyed if they couldn’t be leased. So Kathy’s parents had waited until she was out of the house, at college, and then returned her brother to the corporation. If her brother hadn’t been a model with an internal cell phone antenna, and been able to call Kathy for help, she’d have lost him forever.

As it was, Kathy and Laurie and Basil had had to drive five hundred miles and jump through flaming hoops to get little David back before the mindwipe. As college students without money, they didn’t have the funds to lease him; Kathy pretended to be her mom, got the contract re-activated, and then Basil jailbroke David, replacing his internal antenna with a new one that wouldn’t report his whereabouts to the Calvin Corporation, allowing them to effectively “steal” him. And even then, he’d had to dye his hair, alter his skin tone, and wear glasses he didn’t need and put a thick sole insert in one of his shoes to throw off his gait so recognition software couldn’t find him.

It hadn’t been until ten years later that Kathy, Laurie, Basil and their friends had won the court case that made it possible to purchase Calvin children outright, and with depreciation, and Kathy working at a law firm, and Basil’s IT job, they’d had the funds to buy him, so he’d be safe. He lived with Kathy and Kathy’s girlfriend Imani, and took care of his niece and nephew when Kathy and Imani were at work. They were currently three and five. David was an Eight. Eventually they’d catch up to him and go past him, again, but Kathy owned him outright and loved him tremendously. He was a happy Eight.

The world was full of Calvin children who were not happy.

Parents leased-to-own their children because that was the model Calvin Corporation was currently pushing, with the court order that required them to make full ownership not only available but affordable to their customers. And then, either they had a biological child – most men in the developed world weren’t fertile, but there were plenty of men from all around the world who still had sperm and were selling it, and many men would eventually give in and agree to let their wives buy some so she could have a bio-child at least – or they simply grew tired of a child that never aged. Calvin Children ranged in age from Threes to Tens, but whatever they were, they would be that forever… or at least until their internal battery ran down and their bodies wore out.

(Once, Laurie had gone to visit a brand new care home, for Calvin Children dying of old age. She had never been back. As heartbreaking as it was to deal with children who’d been abandoned by their parents, it was so, so much worse to see those children dealing with their own growing exhaustion and slow decline into death.)

And now, there was a new model of Calvin Child, who could grow older. Their brains were modular, and could be removed from their bodies and put into a new body a year older, every year, updating their firmware in the process to grow more mature – which was costly, but many people were willing to pay. Even if they needed to skip some years, they wanted a child who could grow to adulthood, to take over the family business or help work on a farm or go to college and make something of themselves. No one knew what would happen to the legal framework that allowed people to own Calvin Children once they were “adults”; the fact that Calvin children were chattel didn’t usually conflict with people’s understanding of what adults were allowed to do to their own children. You weren’t allowed to abuse a Calvin child any more than a “real” child, and in general parents of “real” children were allowed to do anything to them that wasn’t abusive.

The only thing you were allowed to do with a Calvin child that you couldn’t do with an organic child was abandon them. People who couldn’t or wouldn’t take care of their Calvin child anymore could return them to the corporation, who would still mind-wipe them and resell them, or, if the thought of their child forgetting everything about them didn’t sit well and they didn’t want to take the risk that the corporation would decide their child was too worn out to resell as used and destroy it, they surrendered them at homes like the one Laurie and Basil ran, where Calvin children would be cared for until an adoptive parent could be found.

Before the new models came out, it wasn’t hard to find adoptive parents. Laurie and Basil charged a pittance for an adoptee, not even enough to cover their costs, mostly because people took better care of things they’d paid for than things that were free. Plenty of people who wanted a Calvin child were happy to give a home to a used one for far less than they’d have paid for a new child, or a used one from Calvin Corp directly. But now that the new models were out… everyone who wanted a Calvin child wanted the kind who could grow up. Laurie had, in desperation, waived the fee, to get someone, anyone in the door to love these children, but no one who could pass the background check had done so in a month.

It burned that she felt like she was lying to Jayden, that maybe there wouldn’t be a new parent for him, that there almost certainly wouldn’t be one in a little while like she was saying. But Jayden was a Four. He wouldn’t understand or appreciate brutal honesty; he needed hope to keep him going. Laurie wasn’t going to lie to him and pretend the mother he remembered, the one he’d spent six years with since his original purchase, would ever come back. But she would try to make him happy, or at least content, to bide his time here until a parent came for him… even if one never did.

Jayden’s sobs wound down. Older children, Eights and Nines and Tens, programmed with an incredibly powerful drive to care for and protect younger children, had reached out to the little ones that Jayden’s outburst had set off, and soothed them, despite their own hearts breaking because their own parents had abandoned them, and they were old enough to know their own parents were never coming back.

��How come she left me here?” Jayden asked, no longer crying, but the streaks of tears still all over his face. They cried, they ate, they pooped, they slept; in all regards but one, Calvin children were virtually indistinguishable from organic children. But it was that one regard – the fact that they’d never grow up – that caused all the problems. “Was I bad?”

“Oh, no, Jayden. You’re a wonderful little boy. It was nothing you did, okay? Nothing you did or could ever do. Your mommy just ran out of money and she couldn’t take care of you anymore.” This was a lie. Jayden’s mother had just been sick of having a four-year-old child for six years. Laurie would never tell any of the children something like that, though.

“I miss her.”

“I know you do. And I know that even if you get a new mommy or daddy to love you and take care of you, you’ll never forget your first mommy, and you’ll always miss her. But there will be a new mommy or daddy someday, and they will love you even more than your first mommy did.” Laurie made prospective parents watch videos of children having meltdowns like Jayden just did, sobbing and begging for their parents to come back, and then impressed on them that this was a lifelong commitment. You were signing on to take care of a Calvin child until you died or they did. Parents who expressed horror or pity or empathic pain for the abandoned children were much more likely to go home with a new member of the family than parents who seemed to shrug it off. Laurie wanted these children to find new homes, but she wanted them to be forever homes, with parents who would never abandon them again.

Laurie stood up. “Now, I think it’s snacktime, kids. Who wants a snack?”

“Me! Me! I want a snack!” children who’d been crying five minutes earlier chorused.  

“All right! Everyone take your seats!”

Children were resilient. Even Calvin children. If she couldn’t give them their own mothers, Laurie would be the best mother figure to them she could be. She’d adopt them herself, but there were so many children who needed help, and a mother with too many children was no different from a child care worker in the attention and love she could give each one. Better to be the mother figure of the orphanage and take care of all of them as best she could.

[planetarduino]

Creating an online robot fighting game using Arduino MKR1000 WiFi

This is a guest post from Surrogate, a team of developers building games that people play in real-life over the internet.

We introduced this concept last year, and have launched three games so far. Our final game of 2019 was SumoBots Battle Royale — where players from anywhere in the world can fight real robots in a battle royale-style arena. The aim of the project was to have the game run semi-autonomously, meaning that the bots could self-reset in between the games, and the arena could run by itself with no human interaction. This was our most complex project to date, and we wanted to share some parts of the build process in more detail, specifically, how we’ve built these robots and hooked them online for people to control remotely.

Robot selection

We’ve started our process by choosing which robots we’d want to use for the game. There were a couple of requirements for the robots when making the evaluation:

Are able to withstand 24/7 collision

Easily modifiable and fixable

Can rotate on the same spot

Must have enough space to fit the electronics

After looking at a lot of different consumer robots, maker projects, and competitive fighting bots, we’ve decided to use the JSUMO BB1 robots for this game. We liked the fact that these bots have a metal casing which makes them very durable, all parts are easily replaceable and can be bought separately, and it has 4 independent motors (motor shields included), one for each wheel, which allows it to rotate on the same spot.

We were pretty skeptical of being able to fit all the electronics into the original casing, but we decided to go with this robot anyways, as it had the best overall characteristics. As this robot is easily modifiable, we can always 3D print an extra casing to fit all the parts.

What is the board?

Now that we’ve decided on the robot, it was the time to define what electronics should we use in this build. As usual, it all starts with the requirements. Here’s what we need for the game to run smoothly:

The robot should be able to recover from any position

Can stay online while charging

Supports WiFi network connection and offers reliable connectivity

Easily programmable and supports OTA updates

Can control four motors simultaneously

Based on these requirements we had the following electronics layout in mind:

We had to find a board that is energy efficient, can send commands to motors, supports parallel charging and has a small footprint on the robot size. With so many requirements, finding the perfect board can be a challenge.

Arduino to the rescue

Fortunately, Arduino was there to help us out. They offer a rich selection of boards to fit every possible robotics project out there and have very detailed documentation for each of the boards.  More importantly, Arduino is known for its high quality, something that is crucial for semi-autonomous types of applications. Coming from an embedded software background and having to work with all sorts of hardware, we often see that some features or board functionalities are not fully finished which can lead to all sorts of unpleasant situations.

After looking at the Arduino’s collection of boards we quickly found a perfect candidate for our project, the Arduino MKR1000 WiFi. This board fits all of our main requirements for the motor controls, is easily programmable via Arduino IDE, and due to its low power design is extremely power efficient, allowing us to have a lower capacity battery. Additionally, it has a separate WiFi chip onboard, which solely focuses on providing a reliable WiFi connection, something that is very important in our use case.

Now that we’ve decided on the “brain” of our robot, it was time to choose the rest of the components.

Robust hardware means working software

Something to keep in mind is that when working with hardware, you should always try to avoid any possible risks. This means that you should always over-do your minimal hardware requirements where possible. The reason is — if your hardware doesn’t work as intended, your whole software stack becomes unusable too. Always chose reliable hardware components for mission-critical applications.

Some of our electric components might look a bit overkill, but due to the nature of our projects, they are a critical requirement.

Avoiding the battery explosions

As there is a lot of robot collision involved in the game, we decided to go with a high safety standard battery solution. After evaluating multiple options on the market, we decided to go with the RRC2040 from RRC (Germany). It has a capacity of 2950 mAh that allows us to run the robots for up to five hours on a single charge. It has an internal circuitry for power management, protection features and it supports SMBUS communications (almost like I2C), and is certified for all of the consumer electronics battery standards. For charging, we used RRC’s charging solution designed specifically for this battery and that offers the possibility to feed power to the application while the battery is being charged.

Note: the Arduino MKR1000 has a pretty neat charging solution on the board itself. You can connect the battery to the board directly as the main power source, and you charge it directly through the MKR1000’s micro USB port. We really wanted to use it to save space and have a more robust design, but due to the large capacity of our battery, we couldn’t use it at full potential. In our future projects with smaller scale robots, we definitely plan to use the board’s internal charging system, as it works perfectly for 700-1800 mAh power packs.

Bot recovery

For the bot to be able to recover from falling on its head, we’ve implemented a flipping servo. We didn’t want to have any risk of not enough torque, so we went with DS3218, which is capable of lifting up to 20KG of weight. Here’s how it works:

Hooking everything together

Now that we’ve decided on all of the crucial elements of this setup, it was time to connect all the elements together. As the first step, we figured what would be the best step way to locate all the pieces within the bot. We then 3D-printed a casing to protect the electronics. With all of the preliminary steps completed, we’ve wired all of the components together and mounted them inside of the casing. Here’s how it looks:

It was really convenient for us that all the pins on the board could be connected just by plugging them in, this avoids a lot of time spent on soldering the cables for 12 robots and more importantly, allowed us to cut out the risk of bad soldering that usually can’t be easily identified.

Arduino = Quick code

Arduino MKR1000 offered us the connectivity we needed for the project. Each sumo robot hosts their own UDP server using MKR1000 WiFi libraries to receive their control commands for a central control PC and broadcasting their battery charge status. The user commands are translated to three different PWM signals using Arduino Servo library for the flipping, left and right side motor controllers. The board used has support for hardware PWM output which was useful for us.  Overall we managed to keep the whole Arduino code in a few hundred lines of code due to the availability of Servo and Wifi libraries.

The out of the box ArduinoOTA support for updating the code over the WiFi came in handy during the development phase, but also anytime we update the firmware for multiple robots at the same time. No need to open the covers and attach a USB cable! We created a simple Bash script using the OTA update tool bundled in Arduino IDE to send firmware updates to every robot at the same time.  

To summarize

It’s pretty amazing that we live in the age where you can use a mass market, small form factor board like the Arduino MKR1000 and have so much functionality. We’ve had a great experience developing our SumoBots Battle Royale game using the board. It made the whole process very smooth and streamlined, the documentation was right on point, and we never had to hit a bottleneck where the hardware wouldn’t work as expected.

More importantly, the boards have proven to be very robust throughout the time. These SumoBots have been used for more than 3,000 games already, and we haven’t seen a single failure from the MKR1000. For a game where you literally slam the robots in to each other at a high speed, that’s pretty impressive to say the least.

We look forward to working with Arduino on our future games, and we can’t wait to see what they will be announcing in 2020!

Creating an online robot fighting game using Arduino MKR1000 WiFi was originally published on PlanetArduino

[siva3155]

300+ TOP IoT Interview Questions and Answers

IoT Interview Questions for freshers experienced :-

1. What is an IOT? IOT stands for Internet of Things. It is a network in which various Things can communicate with each other using a Network as a means of communication between them. Usually, this Network will be an internet. 2. What is the difference between IOT devices and embedded devices? Internet of things is a type of embedded system that connects to the internet. Embedded systems tend to be small software programs that implement a few functions. Internet of Things may be updated constantly according to the environment and learn by itself. 3. Does the internet is always needed for any IOT devices? No, the internet is not actually needed all the time. But there should be some network present so that the devices are capable of speaking with each other. 4. What is an Arduino? Arduino is an open-source electronics platform which has easy to use both hardware and software. Arduino boards are a Microcontroller which is capable of reading input from sensors to controlling motors and etc. programmatically. 5. How to write instructions or programs for Arduino boards? The Arduino Software (IDE) allows you to write programs and upload them to your board. A bootloader is needed to upload or flash the code to the board. 6. What are the hardware communication interfaces present in the Arduino board? It has several communication protocols like I2C, SPI, Serial, PWM and etc. 8. What programming language is used to code Arduino? Ans: Basically C programming language is used to code Arduino boards 7. What is a Raspberry Pi? Raspberry Pi is a credit card sized computer which is capable of doing all operations like a conventional computer. But it also has other built-in features like onboard Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and GPIO pins to communicate with other external Things. 8. Difference between Arduino and Raspberry Pi? Basically, Arduino is a micro-controller and Raspberry Pi is a microprocessor. Raspberry Pi is slightly superior to Arduino boards like it has better CPU and GPU processing along with onboard Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Ethernet and etc. 9. What is the operating voltage for both Arduino and Raspberry Pi? Raspberry Pi works in 5V input voltage and for Arduino, its operating voltage is between 5-12V. Arduino boards have a regulator, which help is work on a different input voltage. 10. What are the hardware communication interfaces present in the Raspberry Pi? Similar to Arduino boards Raspberry pi also has several communication protocols like I2C, SPI, Serial, PWM and etc. 11. What are GPIO Pins? GPIO stands for General Purpose Input and Output pins. It is capable of reading and writing data from development boards like Raspberry and Arduino to other Sensors, motors, actuators, and etc. 12. What is the latest Raspberry Pi release? Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ was the latest release of RPi team with much better CPU @ 1.4GHz on March 18, 2018. 13. How many GPIO pins are there in Raspberry Pi? Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ as 40 GPIO pins which can only read and write digital data. 14. What are Interrupts in Arduino? Interrupts allow certain important tasks to happen in the background and are enabled by default. An Interrupt’s job is to make sure that the processor responds quickly to important events. When a certain signal is detected, an Interrupt interrupts whatever the processor is doing, and executes some code designed to react. 15. List a few operating systems that Raspberry Pi supports? The official operating system for Raspberry Pi is Raspbian. Although it supports other operating systems like Kali Linux, OSMC, Windows 10 IOT Core, Android Things, RetroPie and etc. 16. How do you run Raspberry pi in headless mode? You can use SSH into Raspberry Pi and run in headless mode. Latest Raspbian OS has inbuilt VNC server installed with that you can take remote desktop on Raspberry Pi. 17. What are the available wireless communications boards present in Raspberry Pi? Wi-Fi and Bluetooth/BLE are the wireless communications present in Raspberry Pi. 18. What Python libraries used in Raspberry Pi to control GPIO pins? RPi.GPIO is the python libraries used in Raspberry Pi to control GPIO pins. 19. Can node JS be used in Raspberry Pi to control GPIO pins? Yes, RPI-gpio is the node library used control Raspberry Pi GPIO pins. 20. What is the syntax to read analog and digital data from a sensor in Arduino? digitalRead() and digitalWrite() are respectively used to read and write digital data to the sensors. analogRead() and analogWrite() are respectively used to read and write analog data to the sensors. 21. What is Arduino Shields? Arduino shields are modular circuit boards that piggyback onto your Arduino to instill it with extra functionality. 22. Examples of MEMS sensor? MPU6050- Gyroscope, ADXL345 – Accelerometer, piezoelectric sensor and etc. 23. What is PWM? PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. Pulse width modulation allows us to vary how much time the signal is high in an analog fashion. While the signal can only be high (usually 5V) or low (ground) at any time, we can change the proportion of time the signal is high compared to when it is low over a consistent time interval. 24. List some applications of PWM in IOT? Dimming LED, controlling the speed of DC motor, controlling the direction of a servo motor and etc. 25. What sensor and actuator are used to control any home appliances from any IOT devices in wired mode? A relay is used to control any home appliances from any IOT or Embedded devices. A relay is nothing but an electrically operated switch. 26. What is ZigBee protocol? ZigBee is a wireless Technology with IEEE 802.15.4 based high-level communication protocols which can use to create personal area networks with small, low-power devices for home automation, medical device, and other low-power low bandwidth needs. Hence, ZigBee is a low-power, low data rate, and close proximity wireless ad hoc network. 27. What is BLE? BLE stands for Bluetooth Low Energy. Bluetooth Low Energy uses the same 2.4 GHz radio frequencies as classic Bluetooth but uses less power to transmit distance over a short distance. 28. What is the use of BLE in IOT? Unlike classic Bluetooth, BLE remains in sleep mode constantly except for when a connection is initiated. It is used in applications that do not need to exchange large amounts of data and can, therefore, run on battery power for years at a cheaper cost, therefore it is used as one of the means of exchanging data between the devices. 29. What is MicroPython? MicroPython is a lean and efficient implementation of the Python 3 programming language that includes a small subset of the Python standard library and is optimized to run on microcontrollers such as NodeMCU. 30. How many hardware serial interfaces are in ESP 32? There are 3 hardware serial interfaces are there in ESP32. 37. What firmware can be flashed into NodeMCU? Ans: Either Arduino or MicroPython firmware can be flashed into NodeMCU. 31. What are Subscribers and Publishers in MQTT? Publisher – The devices which transmit or send data over the MQ broker. Subscribers – The devices which consume or reads data over the MQ broker. 32. Example of some MQTT services? Mosquito MQTT, Cloud MQTT, and PubNub are the commonly known MQTT services available. 33. Can NodeMCU act as a web server? Yes, with the help of ESP8266WebServer Arduino library. This library is for ESP8266. Such similar libraries are also available for other NodeMCU board. 42. What are other development boards available? Ans: Other boards such as Beagle Bone Black, BananaPi, Intel’s Galileo, Asus Tinker Board, MSP 430 Launchpad, and etc. 34. What is Windows 10 IOT Core? Windows 10 IOT Core is a full-fledged operating system based on Windows 10 specifically designed to operate on embedded devices. This will empower you to build a single universal app experience. 35. Name some of the sectors where IOT played a major role? Manufacturing, Transportation, Utilities, Healthcare, Consumer electronics, and cars. 36. What are the challenges in IOT? Power utilization and Security will be the major challenges faced in IOT. As all devices are connected to one single network, a small bug implanted into the network will affect all those devices which lead to a chaos. 37. Can IOT take over human mind? No, IOT cannot take the place of the human brain. As the human brain is very complex, self-learning, and the decision making capability makes every known device incomparable to it. 38. What is the scope of IOT devices in the future? Ans: As per Gartner’s report, a total count of IOT devices may hit up to 21 Billion by 2020 worldwide. 39. What is the big IOT implementation so far? Smart Homes, self-driven cars and etc. are the biggest implementations so far. 40. What are Android things? It is an Android-based operating system particularly build for embedded devices like Raspberry Pi and so on. 41. What are the most used sensors types in iot? Temperature sensors Proximity sensor Pressure sensor Gas sensor Smoke sensor IR sensors Motion detection sensors 42. How did you detect fire, which sensor is suitable? I will use smoke sensor which is detect fire and smoke 43. How did you meaure the voltage using sensors? I will use Thermocouples which is used for measuring the voltage. 44. How the Thermocouples work? It will measuring the temperature with a change in voltage, if temperature increases thermocoupes output voltage will be increased 45. What are the sensors can be used in Agriculture? soil moisture sensor Airflow sensors Electro chemical sensors 46. What is purpose of Airflow sensors? It used to measure the air level in soil,we can measure it from the one location or dynamically get from multiple places from the garden. 47. How to did you make small radar? is it possible? yes its possible, by using ultrasonic sensor we can make our own radar, which is detect object presence and distance 48. How did you check the quality of water? Using Water quality sensors, i can detect the quality of waters 49. can you list out some of water sensors? 1.Total organic carbon sensor 2.Turbidity sensor 3.Conductivity sensor 4.pH sensor 50. Do you have better idea for the saving electricity ? yes i have, by using light detecting sensors we can switch off street light automatically, which is saved lot of electricity. 51. What are suitable databases for Iot? influxDB, Mongodb, RethinkDB, Sqlite Apache Cassandra and some more databases available, but these are the most used suitable for IOT 52. What is the features of influxDB Great support visulalization tools Distributed time series database No external dependencies 53. What is mean by arduino ? Its a programmable my controller,it used to sense and control the electronic devices programmatically. 54. What is mean by Raspberry pi? It’s a credit card size computer, it portable we can bring every where.Its run completely on open source softwares and nice devices for IOT projects. 55. difference between Arduino and Raspberry pi? Arduino:A Open programmable Usb microController, its can execute only one program at a time. Raspberry pi: A credit card sized computer, we can run multiple program at a time and its have more computing power compared to arduino 56. What is mean by Raspberry pi zero? Pi zero is the latest minimized version of Raspberry pi, it costs is only 5$. 57. Mostly used protocols in IOT? MQTT protocol XMPP AMQP Data Distribution Service (DDS) Simple Text Oriented Messaging Protocol(STOMP) Very Simple Control Protocol (VSCP) Zigbee wifi 58. What is the abbreviation of MQTT? MQTT – Message Queue Telemetry Transport. 59. What is the Purpose of MQTT protocol? Its provide the connectivity between application and middleware from net side networks to another side networks. 60. What is role of publishers in IOT? publishers are the light weight sensor that send the Real time data to middle ware or intermediate devices. 61) Who is subscribers in IOT? Subscribers are the application which is interested on collected real time datas from the sensors. 62) How did you program the Arduino? By using Arduino IDE, i can program the Arduino. And another method i can use Node.js Johny five module to control Arduino 63) If its possible to controll the keyboard using Arduino? Yes, its possible to controll the keyboard by using specialized inbuild keyboard Arduino libary. 64) What is mean by libary in Arduino? Library is the collection of code, which is already written for controlling the sensor or module. 65) How did you install new library in Arduino? In Arduino Select Include library from the Sketch option in Toolbar, It will open File Explorer , select library install from the location. That’s it. 66) Meaning of Sketch in Arduino? In Arduino each unit of code called as Sketch which is uploaded and run on the Board. 67) Its possible reduce the size of my sketch? Yes its possible, by Removing unused libraries from the top of the code and make our code very simple and short, Then only we can reduce the size of the sketch. 68) How did you control the Arduino using python? By connecting the serial port of arduino we can control the arduino using python. To connect the serial port we need to import serial module in python. 69) List some of wearable arduino boards? Lilypad arduino simple Lilypad arduino main board Lilypad arduino usb Lilypad arduino simple snap 70) How did host the web server using Arduino? Using the Arduino Ethernet shield we can host the web server in Arduino. 71) What are the available models in Raspberry pi? Raspberry Pi 1 model B Raspberry Pi 1 model A Raspberry Pi 1 model B+ Raspberry Pi 1model A+ Raspberry Pi Zero Raspberry Pi 2 Raspberry Pi 3 model B Raspberry Pi Zero W 72) Real Time usage of Raspberry pi? Home Automation Internet Radio Portable webserver manipulating the robots 73) What is default operating system of Raspberry pi, May i use any other operating systems? Raspbian is the Default operating system os Pi, Yes we can use windows and any linux operating systems mainly designed for Arm based devices. 74) Is windows support for Raspberry pi? Yes windows gives support for raspberry, with specially designed windows 10 IOT core. 75) What is the GPIO ? GPIO – General purpose input/output. Its a programmable pins which may input or output pins, During run time user control these pin programmatically. for more details https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General-purpose_input/output 76) which module is used to control the gpio in python? gpiozero is used to control the gpio pins in Rasperry pi. By using this we can control button, LED, Robot and more things are possible. 77) Why should i prepare mongodb for IOT compared to other databases? Its the document model based storage database. Hence its faster compared to other databases, Rather than that its support more than 20 programming language support for integration. 78) What are the programming language supported for Mongodb? Actionscript info,C,C#,C++,Clojure info,ColdFusion info,D info,Dart info,Delphi info,Erlang,Go info,Groovy info,Haskell,Java,JavaScript,Lisp info,Lua info,MatLab info,Perl,PHP,PowerShell info,Prolog info,Python,R info,Ruby,Scala,Smalltalk. 79) what is mean by aggregation in mongodb? Its process of datas and return the computed values. for more information: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/core/map-reduce/ 80) Explain about sharding? Sharding is Split data into multiple collection and store it in the multiple machines. 81) Explain about replication? Replication is the act of sync datas between multiple servers, which makes mongodb as high availability. 82) Explain how did you store the High volume file like video or audio files into Arduino? Using Gridfs is the specification used to storing and retrieving the audio or video file from Mongodb. 83) can you write a query to insert the data into Mongodb? db.yourIOTcollectionname.insert({location:”india”, count:���123″}); Here YourIOTcollectionname is the name of your collection. 84) Explain how did you insert bulk data in Mongodb, can write query for that? query: var huge= db.iotCollection.initializeUnorderedBulkOp(); huge.insert({location:”India”, count:456, polls:456}); huge.insert({location:”Russia:, count:567, polls:567}); huge.insert({location:”China”, count:789, polls:789}); huge.insert({location:”USA”, count:123, polls:123}); huge.execute() 85) What is db command ? db command is mention the currently selected database name in Mongodb; 86) What are the layers of OSI? Physical layer Data link layer Network layer Transport layer Session layer Presentation layer Applicaton layer 87) List some Advance IOT projects? Control the robot by Hand gesture (like iron man) Office theft prevention system facial recognition based intruder alert system. 88) What is the layout GPIO pins? for layout:https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/usage/gpio/ 89) How many pins are available in Arduino UNO board? Totally 28 pins are availble, for pin names please find at this link https://www.arduino.cc/en/Hacking/PinMapping168 90) Which Latest model of Raspberry pi now? and its features? Raspberry pi 3 B+. for its features please refer this link http://socialcompare.com/en/review/raspberry-pi-3-b-plus. 91) What is the keyfeatures of IoT? The mosts important feature of IoT include artificial intelligence, connectivity,sensors,active engagement and small device use. 92) Advantages of IOT? We have many advantages of IOT in many fields and businesses ,Such that very enhanced data collection In proper accurate,Efficient way of customer engagement,Less wastage ,Advanced way of using technology 93) Disadvantages of IOT? IOT is also having some disadvantages I.e privacy of data,security of object,Complexity in implementation and flexibility 94)What is IOT Sensors? As of now in IOT technology sensor is the very important device ,many kind of sensors are available in industry i.e Temperature , Humidity ,Heart-Beat and also which are contain energy modules,power management ,RF Modules etc 95) Wearable Devices in IOT? Wearable electronic devices area unit little devices worn on the top, neck, arms ,torso, and feet. Head – Helmets, Glasses Neck – Jewellery,collars Arm – Watches,Wristbands,rings Torso- clothing, backpacks Feet – socks, shoes 96) What is data collection in IoT? This software system manages sensing, measurements, light-weight information filtering, light-weight information security, and aggregation of knowledge. It uses bound protocols to assist sensors in connecting with period, machine-to-machine networks. Then it collects information from multiple devices and distributes it in accordance with settings. It additionally works in reverse by distributing information over devices. 97) How bluetooth technology supports IoT? This technology supports the low-power, long -use would like of IoT perform whereas exploiting a customary technology with native support across systems. 98) How Low energy wireless helps the IoT? This technology replaces the most power hungry aspect of an IoT systems.Though sensors and other elements can powerr down over long periods, communication links(I.e wireless) must remain in listening mode.Low-energy wireless not solely reduces consumption, but also extends the life of the device through less use. 99) What is Radio Protocol? ZIgBee ,1z-wave and Thread are radio protocols for creating low-rte private area networks. These technologies square measure low-power, however supply high turnout in contrast to several similar choices.This will increase the facility of little native device networks while not the everyday prices. 100) What is common uses of IoT? IoT has applications across industries and markets. Engineering, business and Infrastructure Government and safety Home and workplace Health and drugs. 101) What is application of IoT in Environmental Monitoring? The application of IoT in environmental monitoring are broad: environmental protection , extreme weather monitoring, water safety,endangered species protection, commercial farming and more.In these applications, sensors notice and live each variety of environmental amendment. 102) What is application of IoT in Transportation? At each layer of transportation, IoT provides improved communication, control, and knowledge distribution. These applications embrace personal vehicles, industrial vehicles, trains, UAVs, and alternative instrumentation. It extends throughout the complete system of all transportation parts like control, parking, fuel consumption, and more. 103) What is application of IoT in Government? IoT supports the event of sensible nations and sensible cities. This includes sweetening of infrastructure antecedently mentioned (e.g., healthcare, energy, transportation, etc.), defense, and conjointly the engineering and maintenance of communities. 104) What is application of IoT in Law enforcement? IoT enhances enforcement organizations and observe, and improves the justice system. The technology boosts transparency, distributes vital information, and removes human intervention wherever it proves excess. IoT aids in making higher solutions to issues by exploitation technology within the place of force; for instance, light-weight in-person investigations of suspicious activities may be replaced with remote observation, logged footage of violations, and electronic ticketing. It conjointly reduces corruption by removing human management and opinion for a few violations. 105) What is IoT Thingworx? Thingworx may be a platform for the fast development and readying of sensible, connected devices. Its set of integrated IoT development tools support property, analysis, production, and alternative aspects of IoT development. 106) Who coined the term net( of Things (IoT) and when? The term net of Things is sixteen years previous. But the particular plan of connected devices had been around longer, a minimum of since the 70s. Back then, the thought was usually known as “embedded internet” or “pervasive computing”. But the particular term “Internet of Things” was coined by Kevin Sir Frederick Ashton in 1999 throughout his work on Procter&Gamble 107) What is IoT Cloud? The Salesforce IoT Cloud may be a platform for storing and process IoT information. It uses the Thunder engine for climbable, period event process. Its assortment of application development elements, called Lightning, powers its applications. It gathers information from devices, websites, applications, customers, and partners to trigger actions for period responses. 108) What is IoT GE-PREDIX? GE (General Electric) Predix could be a software system platform for information assortment from industrial instruments. It provides a cloud-based PaaS (platform as a service), that allows industrial-grade analytics for operations optimisation and performance management. It connects information, people, and instrumentation in an exceedingly commonplace method. 109) What is IoT Contiki? Contiki is AN software system for IoT that specifically targets little IoT devices with restricted memory, power, bandwidth, and process power. It uses a minimalist style whereas still packing the common tools of contemporary operative systems. It provides practicality for management of programs, processes, resources, memory, and communication. 110) What role does the network play in the Internet of Everything? must give AN intelligent, manageable, secure infrastructure which will scale to support billions of context-aware devices. 111) How does the Internet of Everything relate to the Internet of Things? The “Internet of Everything” builds on the muse of the “Internet of Things” by adding network intelligence that enables convergence, orchestration and visibility across antecedently disparate systems. 112) Difference between IIoT and IoT? The Industrial IoT connects vital machines and sensors in high-stakes industries like region and defense, care and energy. These area unit systems within which failure usually ends up in severe or different emergency things. On the opposite hand, IoT systems tend to be consumer-level devices like wearable fitness tools, sensible home thermometers and automatic pet feeders 113) What is the difference between the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Sensor Business? Sensors will be employed in scores of other ways, several of that don’t ought to be web connected. IoT additionally includes the management facet, not simply the sensing facet. 114) Why Internet of Things(IoT) will be successful in the coming years? As the telecommunication sector is changing into additional intensive and economical, broadband web is wide offered. With technological advancement it’s currently less expensive to provide necessary sensors with integral WiFi capabilities creating connecting devices more cost effective. 115) What are the important Components of Internet of Things? Hardware-Making physical objects responsive and giving them capability to retrieve knowledge and answer directions code – facultative the info assortment, storage, processing, manipulating and instructing Communication Infrastructure – most significant of all is that the communication infrastructure that consists of protocols and technologies that modify 2 physical objects to exchange knowledge. 116) What is the internet of Everything? The Internet of Everything is that the intelligent affiliation of individuals, process, information and things. 117) What Companies are working on IOT? At this time, the better question could be United Nations agency isn?t working on an IoT product. Big names like Samsung, LG, Apple, Google and Philips are all working on connected devices, as are many smaller companies and startups. Research cluster Gartner predicts that four.9 billion connected devices are in use this year, and therefore the variety can reach twenty five billion by 2020. 118) What impacts will the Internet of Things (IoT) have on Energy Sector? IoT might impact each production and delivery, as an example through facilitating observance of oil wellheads and pipelines. When IoT parts ar embedded into components of the electrical grid, the ensuing infrastructure is usually mentioned because the “smart grid”. This use of IoT allows bigger management by utilities over the flow of electricity and may enhance the potency of grid operations. 119) What impacts will the Internet of Things (IoT) have on Agriculture Sector? The IoT may be leveraged by the agriculture trade through exactness agriculture, with the goal of optimizing production and potency whereas reducing prices and environmental impacts. For farming operations, it involves analysis of elaborate, usually time period knowledge on weather, soil and air quality, installation, pesterer populations, crop maturity, and alternative factors like the cost and availability of equipment and labor. Field sensors check soil wetness and beam balance, which might be in addition to location technologies to modify precise irrigation and fertilization. 120) What is GainSpan’s GS2000 Protocol for Internet of Things (IoT)? GainSpan’s GS2000 is one such technical school that used each ZigBee and Wi-Fi. It makes optimum use of power by golf shot the device into energy-saving standby mode once no information transmission is going down. Only when device is awaked or checked for affiliation failure the high power consumption affiliation of Wi-Fi is employed. 121) What is Bluegiga APx4 Protocol for Internet of Things (IoT)? BLE and Wi-Fi along are often used while not interference as they’re compliable to beingness protocols. The Bluegiga APx4 is one such resolution that supports each BLE and Wi-Fi and is predicated on 450MHz ARM9 processor. 122) What is Wi-Fi Protocol for Internet of Things (IoT)? Counted because the most mature wireless radio technology, Wi-Fi is predominant communication technology chosen for IoT applications. Already existing protocols like WPS create the mixing of web of things devices easier with the present network. If we have a tendency to say transmission then Wi-Fi offers the most effective power-per-bit potency. However power consumption once devices area unit dormant is far higher with standard Wi-Fi styles. Counted as the most mature wireless radio technology, Wi-Fi is predominant communication technology chosen for IoT applications. Already existing protocols like WPS make the integration of internet of things devices easier with the existing network. If we talk about transmission then Wi-Fi offers the best power-per-bit efficiency. However power consumption when devices are dormant is much higher with conventional Wi-Fi designs. The solution is provided by protocols like BLE and ZigBee that reduce power consumption by sensors when devices are dormant. 123) What is ZigBee Protocol for Internet of Things (IoT)? ZigBee could be a low power overwhelming IEEE 802.15.4(2003) commonplace based mostly specification, ZigBee could be a brain kid of sixteen automation corporations. What makes it novel is that the use of mesh networking that makes utilization of communication resources rather more economical. ZigBee based mostly IoT nodes will connect with central controller creating use of middle nodes for propagating the info. 124) Is the Internet of Everything a Cisco or IBM architecture or trademark? No. the web of Everything doesn’t describe a selected design and isn’t exclusively in hand by Cisco or IBM or the other company. 125) What are the IoT Softwares? This are the softwares are avaialable in IOT Microsoft AZure, Blockchain, windows IoT, All Joyn, Node-RED,Predix,Bluemix. 126) Is Mobile phone IoT device? A mobile phone, especially a smart phone is not a thing of the IoT. Smartphones are regular computing device . Ordinary objects that embed such sensors and have bare minimum ability to convey the status are the thiings of the IoT. 127) What is EIS IoT in TCS? EIS stands for engineering and industrial service. IoT is a global thing. It stands for net of things or normally cloud primarily based IT solutions once it involves TCS. 128) Does Intel provide IoT Platform? The intel IoT platform is an finish to finish reference model and family of product from intel. That works with third party solutions to prvide a foundation for seamlessly and securely connecting device,delivering trusted data to the cloud, and delivering value through analytics. 129) What is IoT in TCS? TCS is collabaration with intel to develop a portfolio of IoT solutions such as smart cities, smart infrastructure, connected assets and Telematics.. The intel IoT platform is an end to end reference model designed to unify and modify property and security for the IoT. 130) What is application of IoT in Healthcare? Current devices are rapidly improving in precision, power, and availability; however, they still offer less of these qualities than an IoT system integrating the right system effectively. IoT unlocks the potential of existing technology, and leads U.S.A. toward new and higher medical device solutions. 131) What does NOT represent? What is IOT? The full frame for IOT is “Web of Things”. The Internet of things is only a system of different physical instruments or gadgets and other implanted things which with hardware, programming, actuators over system network. Utilizing this system availability, a free stream of data can be gathered and in the meantime, it can trade the information. 132) What are the critical parts that exist in the Internet of Things? The critical parts that exist in the Internet of Things are as per the following: Hardware Software 133) How will the Internet of Things affect the manageability of the business and will it have any effect on the earth? Indeed, with the assistance of the Internet of Things will positively affect the current procedures and the execution. For instance, with the assistance of the Internet of Things, the road light frameworks can be overseen path superior to anything what we are experiencing now. Utilizing a mechanization procedure the road lighting framework can be better overseen and a great deal of power can be spared and a ton of intensity could be utilized somewhere else where it is truly required. Likewise, with powerful administration, the quantity of carbon discharges could likewise be decreased to an extreme dimension in light of the fact that the road light framework is successfully and effectively overseen. So therefore, having a beneficial outcome on the procedure itself and furthermore goodly affects the earth. 134) Explain what is the job does the system play in the Internet of Everything? Indeed, the system itself assumes a critical job in the expression of the Internet of Things, it is a driving variable for bringing all the diverse frameworks together which work connected at the hip and demonstrate to us a superior future or improvement in each procedure. It gives a keen, sensible and secure foundation for better execution. 135) Explain what is the Internet of everything? The web of everything is only a savvy method for individuals association, process association and information trade. 136) What kind of data does Internet of Things objects convey? To be completely forthright, everything relies upon the kind of the items that are utilized inside the procedure. For instance An article with a solitary sensor, similar to a keen thermometer. With this gadget, the room temperature can be estimated and the data is sent crosswise over to the remote climate observing focus. Then again, let us think about a remote medicinal gadget, it is fit for taking various qualities or information like body temperature, circulatory strain, beat, and some other factors are shared between the restorative specialist co-op by means of a PC or a cell phone. So essentially, it relies upon the kind of the gadget or the item is really utilized in the system. 137) Why will the Internet of Things be effective in the coming years? All things considered, the web of things will be a colossal hit in the coming years due to the accessibility of broadband web. In the event that you have seen over the most recent couple of years the broadband web is really got less expensive contrasted with the past and the accessibility has likewise come to neighborhood conditions. Likewise, the equipment frameworks and the assembling of the sensors have additionally gone down a ton contrasted with the most recent couple of years. As the web is the greatest factor that assumes a positive job for the Internet of things achievement, with the blend of the correct equipment and the web it will be a huge achievement and this is the reason I figure the Internet of things will be gigantic in next couple of years. 138) What is the effect of the Internet of Things have on Healthcare segment? To be completely forthright, with you there will be huge development when the Internet of Things administrations are executed in the medicinal services segment. The as a matter of first importance and the most serious issue is giving quality human services administration to each individual has been a noteworthy test for every one of the nations. With the assistance of the Internet of Things, a great deal of brilliant gadgets and hardware have been intended to take into account this issue. The methodology of Telemedicine and Telehealth is one of the greatest accomplishment in this cutting edge period. This is happened on account of the solid system channel coordinated with a wide assortment of brilliant apparatuses which are used in everyday human services assessment of a person. Starting at now, we have seen organizations developing in this space where they are endeavoring to give specialist interview for all intents and purposes when they require it during the evening or in a crisis level. It has a great deal of positive effect as far as the administration given by the organizations and in next couple of years the specialist and patient communication will totally rethink and it will understand a ton of current day challenges. Some of them can be: 1.Booking arrangements in a standard timetable 2.Traveling to the healing facility with the patient Cooperating with 10 distinct individuals about the sickness and after that at last go see a specialist and so forth 139) What might be the effect of the Internet of Things hands on market, do you see any conceivable activity cuts? All things considered, to be exceptionally obtuse about this, we will confront work cuts where the machines will assume control over a portion of the employments which require constancy and precision. However, on the more splendid side, the people get the chance to learn new abilities to command the machines and make their own space. This has been the law of nature we have something today to lessen the weight and in the following couple of months or days, we have another issue to manage. So I see this in an idealistic way managing our everyday issues 140) What is the best M2M application that is accessible on the planet? The abbreviation M2M application represents Machine to Machine applications. Resource following: This procedure has been enormously changed the manner in which how we track an individual item ideal from the creation to convey. With the assistance of Internet of Things instruments and procedures, a great deal has been given to the web based business associations. Utilizing these apparatuses and process, online business associations have use another methodology of advising their clients about their item whereabouts and the majority of this is going on effortlessly contrasted with the standard procedure that is actualized starting at now. Protection Telematics: Insurance organizations have possessed the capacity to tailor a variety of perspectives into thought while giving out any superior statements to their clients. In this way thinking about all the distinctive contributions to the application, the client will have the capacity to characterize a perfect measure of premium keeping all his past information into thought. Along these lines has upset the manner in which insurance agencies have been working up until this point. Related Article: Internet of Things Revolution 141) What are the distinctive parts where the Internet of Things can really enhance the present procedures? The Internet of Things process can be connected to any handle where profitability, precision or process improvement is required. With the assistance of the innovation and the keen equipment, this can be executed in a small amount of the current working expense. Web of things can be connected or as of now began applying their advantages to the accompanying classes and ideally, we will see more later on: Agriculture Manufacturing Healthcare Energy Transportation Security Data improvement 142) What is the greatest distinction between Internet of Things and sensor organizations? A sensor business probably won’t require a functioning web association and it can in any case work without it. Be that as it may, with regards to the Internet of Things it has a control side related with it which is important to screen, trade the data from the sensor to the focal unit inside a functioning system. This is the fundamental contrast between the web of things and the sensor organizations. 143) So what are the fundamental difficulties of the Internet of Things usage? Up until this point, we have discussed how great Internet of Things can be to the organizations and the people however it likewise accompanies a second side of the blade. The above all else issue with actualizing Internet of Things is the Security angle. As the information is traded over the web it is simple for cybercriminals to think of a framework which can really break into the system and take the important data. Consider the above situation occurring into the social insurance industry where the patient records are presented to the general population. As the gadgets are associated with a solitary system, it is simple for the cybercriminals to infuse an infection which can absolutely harm the whole equipment which results into a gigantic misfortune. This can likewise occur on the off chance that we have not concentrated much on the security perspectives. Q144) What is the distinction among IIOT and IOT? The abbreviation IIOT means “Mechanical Internet of Things”. This is altogether different when contrasted with the Internet of things application. With regards to Industrial Internet of Things, they utilize substantial or basic machines something like the equipment utilized in aviation and in barrier where these gadgets are associated over a system and any disappointment of these gadgets will cause a perilous circumstance. All things considered, with regards to the web of things it is simply done at a little scale level where there is no compelling reason to stress over hazardous circumstances since it is more cooked towards the procedure execution and upgrade. Q145) When you state Internet of Things, I’m not catching your meaning by the “thing”? In the Internet of Things execution world, “Thing” has an increasingly significant methodology since it contemplates of a thought. For instance A”thing” can be a delivery holder which has a RFID tag related with it and it is dispatched starting with one area then onto the next where it gives out the present data at whatever point the RFID label goes through a RFID peruser. Another model is a microchip incorporated into your cell phone or a wellness band which ceaselessly screens your physical developments and after that push the data to the focal storehouse over the web. 146) List out every one of the effects of the Internet of Things will be knowledgeable about the Transportation business? Indeed, these days the vast majority of the vehicles are really outfitted with GPS ( Global Positioning System) and ADAS ( Advanced Driver Assistance System) where all the data is caught from the vehicle and after that dissected as needs be and choices are taken. For instance, the use of crisis break dependent on the sensor information, capacity to give assistance to the client while leaving the vehicle and helping him amid this procedure. The majority of this application have rolled out an immaculate improvement as far as how the web of things can encourage an individual and furthermore the organizations to do innovative work to upgrade their remarkable contributions to the clients to pull in to their organizations. 147) What are the vital components of the Internet of Everything, (IOE)? The vital components of the Internet of Everything are only individuals and the diverse keen gadgets that are appearing. The general population will proceed with their procedure of getting associated with all the shrewd gadgets as they are doing well now and be in contact with all the web-based social networking stages like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and so forth. As on when the Internet of Everything approaches the communications with the general population through the web will increment and in the long run be a solitary hub of the data transmitting from each person to the gathering point. In not so distant future, we can expect people doing this by wearing sensors on their skin and furthermore the use of the sensor in the coat will be pervasive. The majority of this data will be transmitted from an individual and this one will be a solitary hub where the data is streaming to a focal unit where every one of the information is reaped and used for further research and study. 148) What are the effects that can be seen in executing web of Things on Agriculture segment? They are distinctive components that leave a positive effect on actualizing Internet of Things on Agriculture area. With regards to the farming division, it is tied in with being exact and clear about what should be done at the perfect time. This can be automatized utilizing the Internet of things where profitability, exactness, increment in effectiveness and lessening the general expenses related. For cultivating, it is about explanatory information. For instance: To yield a superior outcome it is vital for the rancher to comprehend the dirt quality, air quality, water accessibility, climate related data, bug control and so forth. The majority of this data can be assembled by utilizing the Internet of Things applications. Along these lines understanding distinctive parts of the cultivating, it is certainly advantageous for the agriculturist to look for this kind of assistance. 149) What are the dangers and difficulties that we ought to know about with regards to the Internet of Everything? The dangers and difficulties that everybody ought to know about with regards to the Internet of Everything are: Security Security System blockage Power utilization at the pinnacles 150) What is Bluegiga APX4 convention for the Internet of Things (IOT)? The Bluegiga APX4 is an awesome arrangement which really bolsters both the BLE stage and WiFI and it depends on 450MHz ARM9 processor. 151) Explain why vitality utilization will be an issue when the Internet of Things is actualized? Indeed, the usage of Internet of Things can really profit the created nations without numerous difficulties. On the off chance that the Internet of Things is really actualized in an immature nation or creating nation then it needs to confront a portion of the commonsense issues. For instance, a creating nation may need in giving quality power supply to its populace as of right now on the off chance that the associations are executing Internet of things, it will be a major calamity. Since Internet of Things will take a great deal of vitality utilization and if that is the situation the arrangement given won’t fill in as productively as could be expected under the circumstances. 152) Can you rattle off the organizations that are dealing with Internet of Things? Now of time, the appropriate response is who isn’t taking a shot at Internet of Things. To the self evident reality, the majority of the organizations are really taking the advantages of this procedure and making enhancements to a specific dimension where their general execution has come to certain ideal dimension. 153) Will the accessibility of High-speed web be a noteworthy downside in the Internet of Things advancement and usage? Indeed, the accessibility of High-speed web will be a noteworthy downside in the Internet of Things improvement and execution since it is one of the significant prerequisite for the Internet of things to work proficiently and viably. 154) What are the impacts of the Internet of Things will have on the human life? The beneficial outcomes of the Internet of Things are as of now occurring and it will amazingly increment in approaching years. It is utilized by they way we apply breaks It is utilized by they way we can leave our vehicles It is utilized in the stopping opening machines and at the toll doors Profitability has expanded in view of mechanizing the assembling procedure Process-arranged have been totally made programmed where ingenuity is given most noteworthy need. 155) Why is Zigbee convention so imperative for the Internet of Things execution? The Zigbee convention is vital on the grounds that it is known for its low power utilization, it kept up IEEE 802.15.4(2003) principles while use. 156) What does WSN represent in Internet of Things idea? The abbreviation WSN represents Wireless Sensor Network. It is viewed as the establishment of the Internet of Things applications. 157) Give me an ongoing case of the Internet of Things application? Outstanding amongst other instances of the Internet of Things application is as per the following: You can be conscious with the assistance of predefined alert setup, however with the assistance of Internet of Things application, you let your brewer realize that you are wakeful and it can begin setting up a some espresso for you. In the event that the innovation can enable you to make your mornings awesome it can do whatever else. 158) Does Internet of Everything talk about CISCO based or IBM based engineering? All things considered, Internet of Everything doesn’t portray any data on explicit engineering and it isn’t exclusively claimed by Cisco and IBM 159) Do you think, the Internet of Things is helpful in regular day to day existence? Indeed, Internet of Things to make life less demanding and gives a chance to accomplish something different instead of adhering up to the everyday practice. 160) What do you figure the Internet of Things can totally supplant the human personality and take its very own choices? No, I totally can’t help contradicting this inscription. Web of Things can’t totally supplant the human personality with regards to choices, the manner in which it is assembled is to give us the likelihood of something on factual information and give an alternative to the individual so progressively precise choices can be taken yet not to a degree where the human personality is supplanted with the robots 161) What is the Current Federal Regulatory Role of USA Government relevant to Internet Of Things (IoT)? There is no single government office that has generally duty regarding the IoT, similarly as there is nobody office with by and large obligation regarding the internet. Government office may discover the IoT valuable in helping them satisfy their missions through an assortment of utilizations, for example, those talked about in this report and somewhere else. Every organization is capable under different laws and directions for the working and security of its own IoT, albeit a few advances, for example, rambles, may likewise fall under a few parts of the purview of different offices. Different organizations have administrative, division explicit, and other mission-related obligations that include parts of IoT. For instance, elements that utilization remote correspondences for their IoT gadgets will be liable to distribution rules for the bits of the electromagnetic range that they use. 1. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) dispenses and allots range for nonfederal substances. 2. In the Department of Commerce, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) satisfies that work for government substances, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) makes benchmarks, grows new advancements, and gives best practices to the Internet and Internet-empowered gadgets. 3. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) controls and upholds buyer assurance strategies, including for protection and security of shopper IoT gadgets. 4. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is in charge of organizing security for the 16 basic foundation areas. A significant number of those parts utilize modern control frameworks (ICS), which are regularly associated with the Internet, and the DHS National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center (NCCIC) has an ICS Cyber Emergency Response Team (ICS-CERT) to help basic foundation elements address ICS cybersecurity issues. 5. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) additionally has duties as for the cybersecurity of Internet-associated therapeutic gadgets. 6. The Department of Justice (DOJ) addresses law-implementation parts of IoT, including cyberattacks, unlawful exfiltration of information from gadgets or potentially systems, and examination and indictment of other PC and licensed innovation wrongdoings. 7. Significant exercises at the Department of Energy (DOE) incorporate those related with growing elite and green structures, and other vitality related projects, including those identified with shrewd electrical networks. 8. The Department of Transportation (DOT) has set up an Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office (ITS JPO) to facilitate different projects and exercises all through DOT identifying with the improvement and arrangement of associated vehicles and frameworks, including all methods of surface transportation. Speck mode-explicit organizations additionally participate in ITS exercises. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is engaged with direction and different exercises identifying with unmanned elevated vehicles (UAVs) and business frameworks (UAS). 9. The Department of Defense was a pioneer in the improvement of a significant part of the central innovation for the IoT. The greater part of its IoT arrangement has identified with its battle mission, both straightforwardly and for strategic and other help. Notwithstanding the exercises depicted over, a few offices are occupied with innovative work (R&D) identified with the IoT:- Like NIST, the National Science Foundation (NSF) takes part in digital physical frameworks look into and different exercises that cut crosswise over different IoT applications. Different organizations associated with such R&D incorporate the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), and a few DOD offices. The White House has likewise reported a brilliant urban communities activity concentrating on the advancement of an examination framework, exhibition ventures, and other R&D exercises. 162)What organizations are chipping away at Internet of Things (IoT)? At this point, the simpler inquiry may be who isn?t chipping away at an IoT item. Enormous names like Samsung, LG, Apple, Google, Lowe?s and Philips are for the most part chipping away at associated gadgets, as are numerous littler organizations and new companies. Research bunch Gartner predicts that 4.9 billion associated gadgets will be being used for the current year, and the number will achieve 25 billion by 2020. 163).How Does the Internet of Things (IoT) Work? The IoT isn’t separate from the Internet, yet rather, a conceivably enormous augmentation and development of it. The ?things? that shape the premise of the IoT are objects. They could be for all intents and purposes anything? streetlights, indoor regulators, electric meters, wellness trackers, industrial facility hardware, autos, unmanned flying machine frameworks (UASs or rambles), or even cows or sheep in a field. What makes an article some portion of the IoT is inserted or joined PC chips or comparable segments that give the item both a remarkable identifier and Internet availability. Articles with such parts are frequently called “smart”?such as shrewd meters and keen vehicles. Web network enables a savvy item to speak with PCs and with other keen articles. Associations of keen articles to the Internet can be wired, for example, through Ethernet links, or remote, for example, by means of a Wi-Fi or cell organize. To empower exact interchanges, each IoT object must be interestingly recognizable. That is cultivated through an Internet Protocol (IP) address, a number appointed to every Internet-associated gadget, regardless of whether a personal computer, a cell phone, a printer, or an IoT object. Those IP addresses guarantee that the gadget or item sending or accepting data is accurately distinguished. 164) What effects will the Internet of Things (IoT) have on Energy Sector? Within the vitality part, the IoT may affect both generation and conveyance, for instance through encouraging the observing of oil wellheads and pipelines. At the point when IoT segments are implanted into parts of the electrical lattice, the subsequent framework is generally alluded to as the “brilliant network”. This utilization of IoT empowers more noteworthy control by utilities over the stream of power and can improve the proficiency of lattice activities. It can likewise facilitate the mix of microgenerators into the framework. Savvy lattice innovation can likewise furnish buyers with more noteworthy learning and control of their vitality use using shrewd meters in the home or office. The association of brilliant meters to a building’s HVAC, lighting, and different frameworks can result in “keen structures” that coordinate the activity of those frameworks. Keen structures use sensors and other information to naturally modify room temperatures, lighting, and in general vitality use, bringing about more noteworthy proficiency and lower vitality cost. Data from nearby structures might be additionally coordinated to give extra efficiencies in an area or bigger division in a city. 165) For what reason is the Internet of Everything vital? The Internet of Everything unites individuals, process, information and things to make arranged associations more applicable and significant than any time in recent memory – transforming data into activities that make new abilities, more extravagant encounters and uncommon financial open door for organizations, people and nations. 166)What effects will the Internet of Things (IoT) have on the Agriculture Sector? The IoT can be utilized by the horticulture business through accuracy agribusiness, with the objective of enhancing generation and productivity while decreasing expenses and ecological effects. For cultivating tasks, it includes examination of point by point, regularly constant information on climate, soil and air quality, water supply, bother populaces, edit development, and different factors, for example, the expense and accessibility of gear and work. Field sensors test soil dampness and synthetic parity, which can be combined with area advancements to empower exact water system and treatment. Automatons and satellites can be utilized to take point by point pictures of fields, giving agriculturists data about harvest yield, supplement lacks, and weed areas. For farming and creature tasks, radio recurrence distinguishing proof (RFID) chips and electronic ID perusers (EID) help screen creature developments, sustaining examples, and rearing capacities, while keeping up nitty gritty records on individual creatures. 167) Can all IoT gadgets converse with one another? What is the Standard for Communication between these gadgets? With such huge numbers of organizations taking a shot at various items, advancements and stages, making every one of these gadgets speak with one another is no little accomplishment? consistent by and large similarity likely won’t occur. A few gatherings are attempting to make an open standard that would permit interoperability among the different items. Among them are the AllSeen Alliance, whose individuals incorporate Qualcomm, LG, Microsoft, Panasonic and Sony; and the Open Interconnect Consortium, which has the help of Intel, Cisco, GE, Samsung, and HP. While their ultimate objective is the equivalent, there are a few contrasts to survive. For instance, the OIC says the AllSeen Alliance doesn’t do what’s necessary in the regions of security and licensed innovation insurance. The AllSeen Alliance says that these issues have not been an issue for its in excess of 110 individuals. It’s not clear how the gauges fight will play out, however many trust we’ll finish up with three to four unique measures as opposed to a solitary victor (think iOS and Android). Meanwhile, one-way shoppers can get around the issue is by getting a center that bolsters different remote advancements, for example, the one offered by SmartThings. 168) Should the customers be worried about security and protection issues considering the measure of information Internet of Things (IoT) gathers? The different measures of information gathered by savvy home gadgets, associated vehicles and wearables have numerous individuals stressed over the potential danger of individual information getting into the wrong hands. The expanded number of passages likewise represents a security hazard. The Federal Trade Commission has communicated concerns and has suggested that organizations play it safe so as to secure their clients. The FTC, be that as it may, doesn’t have the expert to authorize directions on IoT gadgets, so it is misty what number of organizations will regard its recommendation. For instance, Apple necessitates that organizations creating items for its HomeKit stage incorporate start to finish encryption and verification and security arrangement. The organization additionally said it doesn’t gather any client information identified with HomeKit embellishments. 169) What is implied by a Smart City, with regards to Internet Of Things (IoT)? As with IoT and other prevalent innovation terms, there is no settled agreement definition or set of criteria for portraying what a shrewd city is. Explicit portrayals fluctuate broadly, however when all is said in done, they include the utilization of IoT and related innovations to enhance vitality, transportation, administration, and other metropolitan administrations for determined objectives, for example, supportability or enhanced personal satisfaction. The related innovations incorporate:- Online networking, (for example, Facebook and Twitter), Portable registering, (for example, cell phones and wearable gadgets), Information Analytics (enormous information ? the handling and utilization of substantial informational indexes; and open information ? databases that are openly available), and Distributed computing (the conveyance of registering administrations from a remote area, comparable to the way utilities, for example, power are given). Together, these are now and again called SMAC. 170) What is GainSpan’s GS2000 Protocol for the Internet of Things (IoT)? GainSpan’s GS2000 is one such tech which utilized both ZigBee and Wi-Fi. It makes ideal utilization of intensity by putting the gadget into vitality sparing reserve mode when no information transmission is occurring. Just when the gadget is awaked or checked for association disappointment the powerful utilization association of Wi-Fi is utilized. 171) What dangers and difficulties ought to be considered in the Internet of Everything? Some vital contemplations in the Internet of Everything incorporate protection, security, vitality utilization and system blockage. 172) How Lack of Uniform Technical Standards may influence the Development and Implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT)? Currently, there is no single generally perceived arrangement of specialized principles for the IoT, particularly as for correspondences, or even a usually acknowledged definition among the different associations that have created IoT benchmarks or related records. Numerous eyewitnesses concur that a typical arrangement of models will be fundamental for interoperability and versatility of gadgets and frameworks. Be that as it may, others have communicated negativity that an all inclusive standard is doable or even alluring, given the assorted variety of items that the IoT conceivably includes. A few unique arrangements of true guidelines have been being developed, and a few onlookers don’t anticipate that formal measures should show up before 2017. Regardless of whether clashes between guidelines will influence development of the area as it improved the situation some different innovations isn’t clear. 173) What is the contrast between the Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine to Machine (M2M)? Generally, M2M could be viewed as a subset of IoT. M2M resembles a line interfacing 2 points, and IoT resembles a system, a framework made out of heaps of M2M and activating bunches of collaborations/exercises. Giving a straightforward definition to M2M which is exchanging information starting with one machine then onto the next one. It’s been utilized wherever in our every day life. For instance, entrance security. Much the same as utilizing your worker card to open an entryway. At the point when the security locator gets the ID from the worker card and after that open the entryway once the ID is endorsed. This is M2M. For this situation, what IoT can offer? As referenced, IoT is a system, is a framework made out of bunches of M2M and calculations. At the point when the framework realizes you are the individual entering the workplace, it can turn on the light and the forced air system of your segment, even it can modify the most agreeable light dimension and temperature that you like the most every once in a while in the wake of taking in your conduct for a timeframe. The framework can get every one of the information from every one of the sensors and machines to know, for instance, who and when enters the workplace, how much power you have devoured, what the earth makes you feel most good, and different applications. IoT will make the offices and things more astute and make individuals’ life progressively advantageous. Machine to machine, as well as human to machine, machine to human, etc. 174) How Energy Consumption may influence the Development and Implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT)? Energy utilization can likewise be an issue. IoT objects require vitality for detecting, preparing, and imparting data. In the event that objects disengaged from the electric lattice must depend on batteries, substitution can be an issue, regardless of whether vitality utilization is exceptionally productive. That is particularly the situation for applications utilizing substantial quantities of items or positions that are hard to get to. Along these lines, elective methodologies, for example, vitality collecting, regardless of whether from sun based or different sources, are being created. 175) Who instituted the term Internet of Things (IoT) and when? The term Internet of Things is 16 years of age. In any case, the real thought of associated gadgets had been around longer, at any rate since the 70s. In those days, the thought was regularly called “implanted web” or “inescapable registering”. Be that as it may, the genuine term “Web of Things” was instituted by Kevin Ashton in 1999 amid his work at Procter&Gamble. Ashton who was working in store network advancement, needed to draw in senior management?s regard for another energizing innovation called RFID. Since the web was the most smoking new pattern in 1999 and in light of the fact that it by one way or another seemed well and good, he called his introduction “Web of Things”. Despite the fact that Kevin snatched the enthusiasm of some P&G officials, the term Internet of Things did not get across the board consideration for the following 10 years. 176) How High-Speed Internet may influence the Development and Implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT)? Use and development of the IoT can likewise be constrained by the accessibility of access to rapid Internet and propelled broadcast communications administrations, normally known as broadband, on which it depends. While numerous urban and rural regions approach, that isn’t the situation for some country regions, for which private-area suppliers may not discover foundation of the required framework productive, and government projects might be restricted. 177) What effects will the Internet of Things (IoT) have on Manufacturing Sector? Integration of IoT advancements into assembling and inventory network coordinations is anticipated to transformatively affect the division. The greatest effect might be acknowledged in streamlining of activities, making producing forms increasingly proficient. Efficiencies can be accomplished by associating parts of industrial facilities to upgrade creation, yet additionally by interfacing segments of stock and dispatching for production network improvement. Another application is prescient support, which utilizes sensors to screen apparatus and production line foundation for harm. Coming about information can empower support groups to supplant parts before conceivably hazardous as well as exorbitant breakdowns happen. 178) Is the Internet of Everything a Cisco or IBM engineering or trademark? No. The Internet of Everything does not depict an explicit design and isn’t exclusively claimed by Cisco or IBM or some other organization. 179) What impact will the Internet of Things (IoT) have on our day by day lives? It as of now is having an effect. An ongoing report from Gartner says there will be 4.9bn associated things in 2015, ascending to 25bn by 2020. What are these things, however? “Let us not concentrate on ice chests,” says Will Franks, who sold Ubiquisys to Cisco for ?204m in 2013. Franks, who has quite recently helped set up the Wireless IoT Forum, records various shopper contact focuses. “Monitoring assets where insurance agencies could decrease premiums,” he says. “Home control gadgets, support checks for autos and white merchandise, human services, etc.” He doesn?t notice robots or Facebook. Robots will be associated too in a keen home of things to come, in any event as indicated by the GSMA. Also, Facebook? As indicated by The Register, it?s intending to dispatch programming advancement packs (SDKs) for IoT applications and gadgets. Warming control through frameworks, for example, Nest and Hive are only the begin, it appears. Q180) What is contrast between Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT) arrange (sensor)? About WSN: Remote sensor organize is the establishment of IoT applications. WSN is the system of bits, framed to watch, to consider or to screen physical parameters of wanted application. For instance – Motes sent in Agriculture arrive, screen Temp-Humidity or even soil dampness, who accumulates information and with impeccable information examination deliver results about product yields – quality or amount. About IoT: IoT is the system of physical articles controlled and observed over web. Presently similarly as WSN, in IoT application you will experience the observing of physical parameters. However, wanted results are minimal unique. IoT is progressively about M2M, it is increasingly about bringing astuteness into every day objects. For instance – Device snared to your Thermostat screens encompassing temperature and change it to most favored setting for 181) What do you mean by industry 4.0 ? The nest stage of indutrial revolution, Which mainly focused on simplifying complex process using electronic components and providing them the ability to learn and take data based decisions without any human intervenions. 182) Explain the term IOT and how it will be usedful for human race. Internet of things is the about communication of two electronic devices without any human intervensions. The data collected by the IOT devices will be helpful for human race to take informed decisions rather than taking decisions based on experience and gut feel. 183) Name some IOT solutions which you know Access control using automatic number plate recogization system Real estate space management using RFID beacons 184) What is Data and how it is relevant to IOT The information collected by the installed IOT devices at the premises are called as DATA. 185) Does the data provided by IOT devices can be used to take decisions directly ? It depends on the business use cases and what devices has been installed at the site. Mostly the data collected by the sensors are of uncleaned data which cannot be used for taking informed decisions, Hence the role of Data and Business analyst comes into picture. 186) Name any IOT controllers Ardino, Simenes IOT 2020 are few IOT controllers widely used by the industries 187) What is Big Data and How it is related to IOT? Big Data are the huge unstructed datasets which needs to be analysed inorder to convert it to structed datatypes inorder to make any sense from those data. IOT devices will bear the whole sole reponsibility to generate those data, It is estimated that in 2020 around billions of IOT devices will be installed and used by humans. 188) What do you mean by smart cities and the role of IOT in it? Smart city is a initiation taken by various govenrments across the world to equip their city/town with smart solutions such as smart cameras, access control, medical IOT devices and etc so that the services to the general public can be monitored and enhanced in a futuristic way. 189) Why we really need IOT? We lived in era where organizations/people used to take decisions based on the experinece gathered from the downfalls/upsides. Such decisions are always comes with a huge risk of failure. The challenges those people where facing is a way to record and transmit the data whenever and wherever required. Inorder to answer such complex problem industries used the availability of sensors and robots to collect the data and communicate each other. IOT can be a hard process to implement but it will be helpful you in every stage to take better decision based on facts not on experience. 190. Industries which are using IOT currently IOT is not limited to any particular industries but I do like to comment the wave was first started to beign in Manufacturing industries such as Car manufcaturing where most of the industrial operations were automated and the coordination between the machines were able to achive once IOT concepts were implemented. 191. Any live business case about IOT Health Bands – Which will be a best use of IOT devices the communication between your mobile phone and the health band will happen automatically. 192. IOT in india I would like to comment the reach of IOT in india is way slow in India when compared to other developed nations like America and China. But still it is etimated to increase due to the raise of indurtial awarness and government initiations. 193. What is the role of Data Analyst in IOT industry Data Analyst are the one who is equipped with necessary skill set to analyse the data obtained and bring sense to it. Where as business analyst is the person who need to take appropraite business decision with the data processed. 194. What is visulaization and why is important Okay I got the data from the IOT devices and been processed by data analyst,How could anyone make a decision by looking into a list of uber trips happened in bangalore for a year. The data will be huge and complex to understand, Where our visualization comes in to picture, which helps you understand any complex data sets by converting those numbers into understandable graphs and charts Excel, Power BI are few tools which are widely used in the industry. 195. Machine Leaning ML, The word defines its meaning, Its an ability given to a machine by means of training using predefined datasets and providing the ability to learn from datatsets and forcast the solution for a problem. Cocktail party algorithm, E commerce Recommendations systems are few examples of ML. 196. What is use of startup code in microprocessor? In startup code only the size of stack memory, heap memory are allocated and all global variables are initialized with zero. 197. What is boot loader types? Boot loaders are two types. ISP boot loaders IAP boot loaders. 198. What is different between floating CPU and fixed point CPU? Floating CPU its takes floating values directly but fixed CPU convert to int format so some resolution loss also will occur. 199. What is crystal oscillator? Crystal oscillator is heartbeat for microprocessor. Each single pulse one instruction will execute. 200. What is the use of scheduler in RTOS? Scheduler used to task switching between two task. 201. What is different between RTOS and GPOS? RTOS give equal response for each task. But GPOS when one task completed then only will switch task. 202. Different types are of CAN Frame? DATA FRAME REQUEST FRAME ERROR FRAME OVERLOAD FRAME 203. When autobus off will happen in CAN? When the error message reach more than 255 the autobus off will occur. 204. What is the use of mutual execution in RTOS? Same priory task run same times means the output will mismatch. So this time we use one semaphore key to wait one to complete after other task will run. 205. what is different between CAN and CAN FD? Compare the CAN to CAN FD.CAN FD will transmit 64 byte data. CAN only transmit 8 bit data. 206. What is the max ram size of 32 bit processor? 4GB. 207. What is TCB in rtos? Task control block will allocate stack memory for each task function. 208. If two task use same function means what will happen? It will create two times function memory for two task. 209. If you are buying ADC in market what kind of things will check? Depends of requirement resolution need to check. (12 bit or 16 bit) Communication protocol need to check. IoT Questions and Answers Pdf Download Read the full article

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Best Coffee Maker: Brew Home Coffee Like A Barista

Typical automatic coffee machines often brew subpar quality cups of Joe, so we set out to find the best coffee maker for your kitchen counter—one that is capable of producing well-extracted cups with the proper balance of sweetness, acidity, and body. So after a combined 50 hours of testing, we think the best drip coffee maker money can buy is the Technivorm Moccamaster. It extracts coffee perfectly, eliciting a pleasant acidity that was lacking in cups from other machines. Moreover, its taste profile exceed if not matches the always tedious process of manual brewing. So wonder no more what is the best coffee maker. Because we've done all the home work for you.

Top Coffee Makers Compared 2017

How We Tested The Coffee Machines

While we only tested automatic machines, the human element is still a big factor. The quality of coffee you choose, as well as the amount you use and the size you grind it to can have a big impact on the taste of the resulting cup. Because of this, we controlled what factors we could and made choices to give each machine the best chance of performing well. We tested all the machines on the same day with coffee from the same batch of roasted beans—a high-quality house blend from a local roaster—to eliminate variables in quality from the beans themselves. In order to assure the most accuracy possible, we weighed both water and coffee in grams with an Acaia kitchen scale and waited until each cup cooled to an ideal temperature—140°F—before tasting and evaluating the cup. (We used a standard digital probe thermometer.) Though many of the machines we tested came with metal filters, we used whitened paper filters across the board to eliminate the differences between filters on the brew. During the first round of testing, we used the same base specifications: a medium-fine grind setting (achieved with a high-quality burr grinder) and a brew ratio of 1:15 (that’s about 33 grams of coffee to 500 grams of water, which results in about a 16-ounce cup). In a real-life situation, you would tweak these specs in order to perfect the results of the machine. After the first round, if we felt contenders, like our #1 pick the Technivorm Moccamaster, could perform better with tweaks to the brew ratio, grind setting, or other variables, we made them and used the best cup overall to judge the machine’s performance. Although taste was our primary consideration, we did note other factors that consumers often value in a home coffee maker: ease of use, speed, and aesthetics.

Best Home Coffee Maker: Technivorm Moccamaster KBG 741

Price: Check Price | Features: glass carafe, 10-cup capacity, includes permanent metal filter WHY IT'S A TOP PICK: It brews, hands down, the best cup of coffee. As someone who wrote a book on manually brewing coffee—a method that gives the user complete control over the time and temperature of the brewing process—I was a bit skeptical that a non-commercial machine could achieve café-quality results at home. That being said, I was completely blown away by the perfectly extracted cups the Moccamaster produced. The coffee was extremely well balanced, and the machine was able to tease out a pleasant acidity that was lacking in cups from other machines. It was also the fastest of the brewers we tested, brewing 500 grams of coffee in an average of three minutes and twenty-five seconds. This is impressive considering that the manufacturer claims the water stays within the ideal brewing temperature for the length of the brew cycle. The machine contains a copper heating element that seems to boil water almost instantly. On first impression, the Moccamaster seems a bit rickety, especially compared to some of the sleeker models we tested, but after spending some time with the machine, it’s clear that it was engineered for utility and simplicity—it doesn’t need all the extra polish to brew a great cup (plus the entire machine is recyclable). The Moccamaster requires a bit of (easy) assembly, but after that, you simply add your water and coffee and push a button. The machine is also remarkably quiet, and while it’s footprint appears larger than more square models, it’s narrow and can be easily tucked into a corner on your countertop. From aesthetics to utility, the Moccamaster was engineered to make a great cup of coffee. Because it does this simply and quickly, it’s our choice for #1 Best Home Coffee Maker.

Best Budget Coffee Maker: Bodum Bistro Automatic Pourover Coffee Machine

Price: Check Price | Features: stainless steel thermal carafe, 10-cup capacity, includes permanent metal filter WHY IT'S A TOP PICK: It brews a great cup of coffee at a more affordable price point. According to our testing, the Bodum Bistro produced the third ranked cup (after the OXO Barista Brain) in terms of taste, but we’re making it our #2 Best Home Coffee Maker because it can be purchased for a fraction of the cost of some of the other high-end models, including the Moccamaster, which is more than double the cost of the Bodum Bistro. It also looks great on the countertop, and its sleek peek-a-boo design lets you watch as the water heats and makes its way to the grounds. Cups made with this machine lacked some of the complexity that we found in cups from the Moccamaster and OXO Barista Brain, but the coffee was still well extracted and of very high-quality. In terms of speed, it was the second fasted machine to brew 500 grams (in about three minutes and forty-five seconds). The design is notably functional. Both the water tank and the filter holder are removable—which isn’t always the case—making them easy to fill and clean. This model also comes with a stainless steel thermal carafe, a feature that usually costs extra on other machines, that keeps your coffee hot.

Best for All Day Coffee Drinkers: OXO Barista Brain

Price: Check Price | Features: Stainless steel thermal carafe, 9-cup capacity WHY IT'S A TOP PICK: Excellent coffee in an attractive, accessible package that stays hot throughout the day without the flavor loss. Our #3 pick for best home coffee maker is the OXO Barista Brain, which retails for $199.99. It produced our second favorite cup of coffee, but we aren’t convinced the small bump in quality is worth the extra $70 when compared to the Bodum Bistro. However, if you care about what your machine looks like, this one is very sleek and modern, while still being extremely user friendly (the user guide is actually very informative and easy to read). It also has a specific setting for making it ostensibly the best  single serve coffee maker, which cannot be said for all machines. If you’re like me and sometimes only want one mugful in the morning, you’ll find this feature particularly practical. If you do want multiple cups of coffee, the thermal carafe comes in handy. This model has a heat plate that, if you don’t turn the machine off, will stay on until the “freshness timer” times out after 60 minutes. But because the coffee is in a thermal carafe, the coffee won’t lose temperature as quickly as coffee in glass carafes. For making and storing extra coffee, I preferred the OXO to the Moccamaster, which also has an auto-off heat plate but no thermal carafes (although models with thermal carafes are available). The Moccamaster’s thermal plate keeps the coffee extremely hot, and it tastes noticeably degraded the longer is stays on the plate. The OXO’s coffee seems to stay fresher, longer.

The Remaining Picks

There are three other drip coffee makers we tested that produced OK results. The first is Cuisinart DCC-3200 Perfect Temp, which as of this writing, is the number one best seller on Amazon. We found it difficult to achieve a balanced cup on this machine, and they often were strangely oily and bitter, a sign of bad extraction. We tested this machine over and over, and couldn’t seem to get the results into that top tier of quality. This machine has a “brew strength” control where users can select from “regular” or “bold,” but we never quite figured out what the setting actually controlled, although coffee brewed on the “bold” setting tended to be better extracted. In the coffee world, the term brew strength refers to the number of total dissolved coffee solids in a cup. It expresses itself, in part, by how the coffee feels in your mouth: thick or thin. The more coffee to water you use, the higher the strength and vice versa. Therefore, a machine can’t actually control brew strength, unless it’s holding back water (which it isn’t). One bonus is the fact that it is capable of brewing a single cup, which not all multi-cup models can do. Next, we have the Behmor Brazen Connected, which can be controlled wirelessly through your phone. The manufacturer boasts about the number of settings you can control to create your perfect brew profile, but it only allows you to select the temperature and the presoak time, which admittedly can influence your brew but, in this case, does not seem worth the hassle—especially because you can only choose to brew six or eight cups—nothing more, nothing less, and nothing in between. We feel that if you are the kind of person who is interested in controlling your brew temperature and presoak times, you would also be the kind of person who would like to choose your own volume of coffee. We would also expect that using the machine’s default settings and its recommended coffee dose would result in a well extracted cup. While the cup was arguably better than one a standard machine would have produced, it simply did not stand up to the high-performers in our testing, coffee makers that simply required a push of a button. On top of all that, the technology was disappointingly finnicky. It took us a good 45 minutes to get the machine to even connect to the phone. When it finally did, we spent several more minutes waiting on a firmware update. Then, once we finally figured out how to control the machine, each brew took an average of eleven entire minutes—something that, in our view, defeats the purpose of an automatic machine (manual devices can usually make coffee in 5 minutes or less). Whereas machine such as the Moccamaster and Bodum Bistro brought their water to temperature seemingly in a matter of seconds, the Behmor Brazen let its water boil for several minutes in the water chamber (which we found unsettling in and of itself) before any extraction took place. Our least expensive model, the Black & Decker DCM600B retailing for a mere $19.99, made claims, though nonspecific, about achieving an ideal brewing temperature. We doubt this model can sustain an ideal brewing temperature the way other models can, since the resulting cups tended to be rather unnuanced. This model is small and the closest to a “typical” coffee maker of any on our list, but even so, it produced a cup that, at least, rivaled the Cuisineart. Although these cups were the least complex of all the cups we tasted, it didn’t tend toward bitter, as cups from other machines did. It’s certainly not flashy, but it got the job done for around twenty bucks.

Coffee Maker Brew Times

Interestingly enough, our top 3 picks, in order of rank, also had the fastest brew cycles. In short, we're countering the saying "all good things come to those that wait". Not in this case.

How We Choose the Home Coffee Makers

We selected six machines to test, all of which made claims about achieving an ideal contact time, water temperature, or both. A typical home coffee maker generally underperforms because either the water cannot reach an ideal brew temperature (generally considered to be between 195°F and 205°F) or the water does not stay in contact with the coffee long enough—or a combination of both. Professionals often consider this a go-to list for home coffee makers, so we started there, selecting three best rated coffee makers that met this standard: the Technivorm Moccamaster, the OXO Barista Brain, and the Behmor Brazen Connected. But since these machines tend to be expensive, we didn’t want to exclude options at lower price points. We also tested three additional machines that did not meet the SCA standard— the Cuisinart Perfect Temp, the Bodum Bistro, and the Black & Decker DCM600B—, each of which made claims about achieve the proper contact time, temperature, or both. And unfortunately, none of our picks would qualify for the best single serve or single cup coffee maker.

Why You Should Buy a New Drip Coffee Maker

Most US households own an electric coffee maker. Most of those machines do not have the ability to make well-extracted, well-balanced cups of coffee. But if you like to drink high-quality coffee, there is no reason to settle for the status quo: you can make café-quality coffee at home with minimal effort. Although the models with the technology—namely heating elements that can sustain an ideal brewing temperature through the ideal length of a brew cycle—to produce superior cups tend to be expensive, they will eventually pay for themselves. Without a new coffee maker, the only comparable alternative is purchasing coffee at a local specialty coffee shop. At a national average of $2.70 per cup, it would only take about four months for the most expensive machine on this list to pay for itself—assuming, of course, you only drink one cup per day.

Why Trust Me

My name is Jessica Easto. I received degree in journalism from the University of Tennessee and an MFA in creative writing from Southern Illinois University. My writing has appeared in the Chicago Tribune, Gapers Block, Fresh Cup Magazine, and more. My first book, Craft Coffee: A Manual, is publishing in November.

Mistakes to Avoid

When buying a new home coffee maker, it’s important to remember that you, the user, have the power to set it up to succeed or set it up to fail. All of the user manuals for the machines we tested recommended using freshly ground, high quality whole beans in the devices. Drip coffee makers can be designed to optimize a cup of coffee, but they can’t move the dial that much if you are using poor-quality beans to begin with. The same goes for the amount of coffee you use and how you grind the beans. User manuals generally provide recommendations for these, too, although you may need to tweak them the first few times you use the machine, since your environment (humidity, water chemistry, etc.) can affect how the machine extracts coffee. Most of the coffee makers we tested provided great basic information for how to make these decisions in their user manuals, and you can always use the internet to educate yourself. But if you aren’t willing to set your new automatic coffee maker up to succeed by taking care with the beans, your $200+ investment likely won’t impress you.

Features to Understand

Temperature and Time Claims

As previously mentioned, one of the main reasons why most home coffee makers do not produce well-extracted coffee is because they cannot reach and/or sustain the ideal brewing temperature (between 195°F and 205°F) for the length of the brewing cycle. Here’s what you need to know: When it comes to coffee, water is a solvent that removes flavor compounds from coffee grounds. Hot water achieves this more easily than cold water—but water that’s too hot (like boiling) burns the coffee. Most coffee machines cannot reach an ideal temperature before or during the brew cycle, which usually means the water doesn’t properly extract the coffee. The more specific that manufacture is about their temperature claims, the more likely it’s a high-quality machine. Time claims are related to temperature. Because most machines cannot get the water hot enough to properly extract the coffee, they are often designed to have longer brewing cycles to make up for it. It’s not always that simple, though. Coffee brewed at a less-than-ideal temperature for a relatively long period of time will usually still result in improperly extracted coffee.

Presoak / Preinfusion Functionality

Some high-end home coffee makers include a presoak (sometimes called preinfusion) phase. This is analogous to what coffee professionals call the bloom time when manually brewing coffee. This practice, which involves wetting the grounds with a small amount of water for a certain length of time before fully brewing, is generally considered to help the coffee extract better. Fresh roasted whole coffee is full of carbon dioxide, a byproduct of the roasting process. Coffee naturally off-gasses carbon dioxide over time, but in fresh ground coffee, it can inhibit extraction. The small amount of water that’s added during a presoak phase releases the carbon dioxide—if you could see it in the machine, you’d see the brew bed bloat and bubble, as if it were breathing. If the carbon dioxide was not removed during the presoak, it could create a barrier between the water and the coffee, making it harder for the water to extract flavor. Carbon dioxide is also bitter (think about the slight bitterness of soda water), so it’s thought that releasing that carbon dioxide prevents those bitter notes from dissolving into the brew. When looking for a home coffee maker, I wouldn’t consider it a deal breaker if the machine does not make a claim related to a presoak phase. To the best of my knowledge, the Technivorm Moccamaster, for example, does not make this claim, and it still makes superior coffee. It’s possible that it simply doesn’t matter that much or that well-engineered machines do include a presoak phase but manufacturers don’t advertise it, as they figure it’s not meaningful to most consumers.

Metal Filters

Most of the devices we tested came with permanent (usually removable) filters. Manufacturers often cite convenience (you don’t need to remember to buy paper filters) and environmental reasons (conservation of paper resources) for this choice. If these points are important to you, look out for models that include a metal filter. Keep in mind, though, that coffee made with metal filters tastes different that than made with paper filters, mostly because no matter how fine the mesh, metal filters cannot trap as many oils and small particles as paper filters can. This tends to result in a richer, fuller-bodied cup. You may prefer this. If you don’t, you can always use a paper filter, whether the machine comes with a permanent one or not.

Carafes

Every coffee machine comes with a carafe. Most models offer options for either a glass carafe or a thermal carafe. The glass carafe options usually have a heating-plate feature, so that large batches of coffee can stay warm. Models with thermal carafes tend to be more expensive than those without, but generally speaking, if your goal is to keep coffee hot for the longest amount of time possible, it’s best to never let it cool down in the first place. This makes thermal carafes a desirable option. Coffee is rather delicate, and extended exposure to the environment quickly degrades the pleasant flavor compounds in coffee into less pleasant ones. Extended exposure to heat, such as on a hot plate, can speed up this process, which usually resulted in a more bitter cup.

Capacity

Some multi-cup coffee makers have a minimum water threshold which often prevents them from brewing single cups of coffee. If this feature is important to you, make sure the machine you are purchasing is capable of brewing small quantities.

Average Brew Time

A brew time that's too long can cause poor tasting coffee. Leaving your grounds swimming in water for too long can lead to overextraction, and your coffee can end up tasting bitter. Plus, there’s the convenience aspect of it; you don’t want to wait around forever scratching your arm waiting for your morning fix, right?

Dishwasher Safe

It all depends on how much time you have to maintain your device. Most of our reviewed coffee makers have dishwasher-safe parts, and shouldn’t be a problem to clean for the busy commuter. Don’t forget to descale your machine to keep it running smoothly.

Warranty

With the help of our list you’re hopefully not buying junk coffee makers anymore, but life happens sometimes. And with coffee makers like the Moccamaster you’re investing a hefty sum, so make sure you can recoup a loss with a solid warranty that lasts at least a year, if not a heck of a lot longer.

What Else To Think About

Coffee from the best drip coffee machine can most certainly fuel the day, or at the least the beginning of it. But keep in mind caffeine is a stimulant and does wear off with time. Moreover, your body can build up a tolerance, requiring you to drink more and more to achieve a comparable "high". We highly recommend adding coconut oil and blending it. It can not only reduce the jitters often associated with coffee, but can help with overall brain function among other benefits. We highly recommend Nature's Way Coconut Oil, as it's the best tasting overall and is certified Organic. Alternatively, many people report that their energy levels increase after juicing or blending greens plus fruit. It's surely a more sustainable energy source, offering countless nutrients to the body and providing energy throughout the day. Of course everyone is different so we highly recommend trying out different methods before complete buying in and leaving your sweet cup O' Joe in the dirt.

The post Best Coffee Maker: Brew Home Coffee Like A Barista is republished from GadgetReviews

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How To Simply As well as Properly Cope with Remote Accessibility Trojans.

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Defenders of Aura 2 - A Battle Century G Sequel

We return to our regularly scheduled prison breakout, already in progress. Fauna finds herself frustrated with her magic being blocked and tries to find a way around it. A couple of us suggest she simply cut off the arm with the implant in it but for some reason this idea doesn't appeal to her. An idea occurs to her however; the implant blocks manifestations of magic, but not necessarily the flow of mana in the body. It's possible she can divert her mana around the body in such as way as to numb the arm containing the implant, effectively negating its effect. This will leave her with a useless arm but it's better than cutting it off. A lucky willpower roll releases her magic and even leaves her arm functional, though weakened. Katari creates a distraction long enough for Fauna to get to Lucis and heal him. Fauna then uses her magic to create a portal between the potted plant she was holding and another she can see on the other side of the guards. She and Lucis teleport across, where Katari is pinned down. Fauna heals his wounds as best she can and Katari then proceeds to seal the door where the guards are by bending the metal with his bare hands. Badass. Luckily, they now appear to be near a medbay, so they pick up some supplies before heading towards the hanger. A voice begins speaking over the tannoy. It's the cult leader (I forgot his name) who encourages his followers to rise up and defend the prison against the military who have been alerted to the break out and are coming to put a stop to it. Sinclair attempts to trace the location, only to find that the voice is a recording. The hanger is well guarded now and while Bloody Mary and Amir are able to hold off the guards there's no way we can advance. Sinclair hears the voice of his mysterious friend, who he has dubbed "Space Face". Space Face: You were brought to life through the blood of your planet. There are others out there that can also be brought to life. Reach out to them. Sinclair concentrates and sure enough he detects that there are other robots nearby. Just two: a large loader bot and a human-sized welder bot. The GM says they are left over from when this place used to be a factory (that explains some things). Both are broken and rusty but Sinclair gets the feeling that they want to move again. He focuses his strange new power on them and sure enough they begin to stand. GM: You can issue one order to them. Sinclair: These people are trying to kill us! Stop them! The robots get to work, attacking the guards who are completely blind-sided. Emboldened by the sudden help, Amir and Mary begin moving forwards, using as much cover as they are able. Kirt, the teenage hacker, on the other hand, decides the best solution is to run straight at the turret with no cover. GM: He's going to get himself killed. Sinclair: Well, it was nice knowing him. Who was he again? The GM informs him that the only way to get to him in time to save him would involve moving the robots in between Kirt and the turret, sacrificing them. Sinclair hits on another idea. There's one big robot and one little robot. Fastball special, anyone? Of course the GM makes Sinclair roll for the robots in question, but he rolls a measely 4. The little robot makes it to the turret, but doesn't survive the journey. Oops. Still, the turret is thrown off its aim enough to avoid hitting the kid. The rest of the fight works out well and we make it into the hanger at the same time as the others. GM: There are four ships- Lucis: Excellent! We can split them between us- GM: Two of which are on fire- Lucis: Well, okay we can still take two- GM: And one of which is being boarded by the cultist and his gang. Lucis: Yeah, okay. The cult leader takes off before we get to the ships. Lucis radios Zack to try and see if he can get the prison air defences to take out the cultist's ship but it looks like the defences are now down. Zack suggests we get to the remaining ship and shoot down cultist guy ourselves. Sinclair ponders why we are doing so until Lucis and Katari point out that this guy asked his followers to basically throw themselves at a much stronger military force in defence of a building that he himself is now running away from. We board our ship and Lucis asks who intends to pilot it. Sinclair: I can do it! Plug me in, cheif! Sinclair's head is plugged into the control console and Katari co-pilots while Lucis and Spectre man the weapons. We take some shots at the cultist ship but he's able to boost away without a scratch. Military interceptors then turn up, forcing us to retreat, though Sinclair is able to crit his piloting check and we get away with ease. We set course for a town where one of Lucis' contacts, Karen, has agreed to meet us. While we are on the way, Spectre gets to work creating a new body for Sinclair, using parts from the powered armours the guards at the prison used. By the time we land, the robot has a brand new shiny body, possibly better than the old one. Several hours later, we land in the forests outside of town. We decide that we need info and supplies so Lucis determines the best way to do this is pick up rumours at a local bar. He was, until recently, a student so he uses his keen bar senses to find the most appropriate one. Of course, we need disguises. Lucis and Spectre put on guard uniforms from the prison, while Sinclair already makes a passable military droid Lucis: We should also get him some paint in town. GM: Okay. What colour? Fauna: Red and gold! Sinclair: Yes! Katari wants to come too, but his injuries are still not fully healed. Fauna forces him to stay behind so she can patch him up. There's only so much magic can do. So Lucis, Spectre and Sinclair head to the bar. On the way, Sinclair plugs in to a public terminal and decides to try and fix his programming errors by downloading firmware updates. Curiously, the GM tells him that with the way his systems are, he shouldn't actually be able to function as he is. Downloading the updates feels odd, like "dying and being reborn, while staying awake". The bar in question is quiet, only a few patrons sitting in their own corners. It's at this point we remember that we have no money, so we find a table with some half-finished drinks and sit down, hoping no one will say anything. There's a news report on the TV that we listen to. There is already news about the prison breakout. Unusually, there is no mention of us at all, or even pictures. Instead, the cult leader is the one getting the screen time. This should be good for us but there's something very fishy about the whole thing. Afterwards there's a message from the new leader of Camelot. It's basically a propaganda piece justifying the coup the ousted the previous preseident, claiming that the war against China was illegal and harming Camelot citizens. It's a speach full of xenophobia and nationalism and mid-way through one of the other patrons, a shabby-looking woman, throws her cup at the TV and yells obscenities. A bouncer gets up to throw her out, but Lucis takes initiative. Lucis: Leave this one to us. We're the military and that sounded a lot like anti-government sentiment to us. We'll deal with her. Lucis gets a great check on his deception roll, and the bouncer not only allows us to take her away, but gives us a little bit of cash out of respect. As we're carrying her, she passes out. The GM then asks us for awareness rolls. Sinclair is the only one who makes the roll. GM: *to Spectre* I can't believe you didn't notice this. It's Orion. Your girlfriend! Spectre: Well, she wasn't exactly my girlfriend... Sinclair: Facial recognition software for the win! We get Orion back to the ship and wait for her to sober up a bit. When she comes to, she tells us that she was able to get on an evacuation transport leaving Aura when the Chinese attacked. She had hoped that Camelot would have done more to help her, but when the Auran refugees started getting arrested, she set out on her own. She tells us that she'd planned to rescue us herself, though exactly how is not clear. Unfortunately she ran out of money and had turned to stealing drinks to cope. Things only got worse when she saw an advert broadcast from Aura. She brings it up on a console, showing us an image of Ax. With a new band. Sinclair and Spectre are fairly convinced that this must be some sort of trick, as the last they'd head of Ax was that he was in jail and heavily drugged to supress his powers. Orion doesn't sound convinced. Sinclair asks about the other members of Break the Abyss but Orion doesn't know what happened to them, assuming they are dead or captured. She did hear about where Delta Team's mechs were taken, however. Some kind of military base not too far from here. It's around now that we get a knock at the door. It's Karen, Lucis' contact (and by all accounts, the brains behind the resistance). We talk about our options and mention getting the mechs. It seems like our best option for fighting back. Spectre, on the other hand, has been looking into information on his father, Victor. It turns out that he had a research base here on Camelot and it was the last place he was seen before he disappeared. He insists that he wants to check it out, not really caring about the whole resistance thing. Sinclair agrees that it's important to check out, having pledged to help Spectre find his father before. The android also has his own reason for going: Victor was researching dark space before he vanished. Sinclair believes this research could be the key to finding out why he is still able to function despite his programming effectively being unusuable, as well as the origin of Space Face. The team agrees that this would be a good place to look, but that getting the mechs is the best place to start, making everything else easier. With Karen's help we begin making a plan... Session ends. Bonus quotes: http://www.giantitp.com/forums/shows...&postcount=473