#question and the titling of the results and the methods of visualization and the sample etc etc
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bitchslapblastoids · 3 months ago
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https://x.com/vampinof/status/1876056132927832341?t=bE0sZF4JQqVp1c3mbeO25w&s=19 thought you'd find this interesting!
I saw, thank you for sending! They got a super wide reach on twitter, which is cool! From an accuracy perspective, I couldnt help but notice a lot of flaws in the framing of the results and some of the choices for both the collection and how to represent the data. Not trying to be a hater! they made it clear in their intro slide that it was just for fun, and I do think it’s a rly cool ambitious project. But I also think that data literacy is an important skill 🤷‍♀️
I’m still interested in trying to accomplish the more cross-platform census of yore at some point, but another time!
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shamira22 · 9 months ago
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Let's construct a simplified example using Python to demonstrate how you might manage and analyze a dataset, focusing on cleaning, transforming, and analyzing data related to physical activity and BMI. Example Code```pythonimport pandas as pdimport numpy as npimport seaborn as snsimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt# Sample data creation (replace with your actual dataset loading)np.random.seed(0)n = 100age = np.random.choice([20, 30, 40, 50], size=n)physical_activity_minutes = np.random.randint(0, 300, size=n)bmi = np.random.normal(25, 5, size=n)data = { 'Age': age, 'PhysicalActivityMinutes': physical_activity_minutes, 'BMI': bmi}df = pd.DataFrame(data)# Data cleaning: Handling missing valuesdf.dropna(inplace=True)# Data transformation: Categorizing variablesdf['AgeGroup'] = pd.cut(df['Age'], bins=[20, 30, 40, 50, np.inf], labels=['20-29', '30-39', '40-49', '50+'])df['ActivityLevel'] = pd.cut(df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'], bins=[0, 100, 200, 300], labels=['Low', 'Moderate', 'High'])# Outlier detection and handling for BMIQ1 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.25)Q3 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.75)IQR = Q3 - Q1lower_bound = Q1 - 1.5 * IQRupper_bound = Q3 + 1.5 * IQRdf = df[(df['BMI'] >= lower_bound) & (df['BMI'] <= upper_bound)]# Visualization: Scatter plot and correlationplt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))sns.scatterplot(data=df, x='PhysicalActivityMinutes', y='BMI', hue='AgeGroup', palette='Set2', s=100)plt.title('Relationship between Physical Activity and BMI by Age Group')plt.xlabel('Physical Activity Minutes per Week')plt.ylabel('BMI')plt.legend(title='Age Group')plt.grid(True)plt.show()# Statistical analysis: Correlation coefficientcorrelation = df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'].corr(df['BMI'])print(f"Correlation Coefficient between Physical Activity and BMI: {correlation:.2f}")# ANOVA example (not included in previous blog but added here for demonstration)import statsmodels.api as smfrom statsmodels.formula.api import olsmodel = ols('BMI ~ C(AgeGroup) * PhysicalActivityMinutes', data=df).fit()anova_table = sm.stats.anova_lm(model, typ=2)print("\nANOVA Results:")print(anova_table)```### Explanation:1. **Sample Data Creation**: Simulates a dataset with variables `Age`, `PhysicalActivityMinutes`, and `BMI`.2. **Data Cleaning**: Drops rows with missing values (`NaN`).3. **Data Transformation**: Categorizes `Age` into groups (`AgeGroup`) and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` into levels (`ActivityLevel`).4. **Outlier Detection**: Uses the IQR method to detect and remove outliers in the `BMI` variable.5. **Visualization**: Generates a scatter plot to visualize the relationship between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI` across different `AgeGroup`.6. **Statistical Analysis**: Calculates the correlation coefficient between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI`. Optionally, performs an ANOVA to test if the relationship between `BMI` and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` differs across `AgeGroup`.This example provides a structured approach to managing and analyzing data, addressing aspects such as cleaning, transforming, visualizing, and analyzing relationships in the dataset. Adjust the code according to the specifics of your dataset and research question for your assignment.
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millaphleb · 4 months ago
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Master the Basics: Take Our Ultimate Phlebotomist Practice Test for Success!
# Master the Basics: Take Our Ultimate Phlebotomist Practice Test for Success!
**Meta Title:** Master the‌ Basics with Our Ultimate ⁤Phlebotomist Practice Test ⁤ **Meta Description:** Enhance your skills and knowledge with our comprehensive phlebotomist practice test. Ace ‌your certification and succeed in your career!
## Introduction
Becoming a successful phlebotomist requires more than just technical skills; it demands a deep understanding of anatomy,⁣ patient interaction, and the⁤ latest healthcare protocols. If you’re aspiring⁢ to pass your phlebotomy⁢ certification exam or simply wishing to boost your knowledge, our ultimate phlebotomist ⁢practice test is here to help you master the basics!⁢ This comprehensive guide will not only provide you with ⁢valuable insights about ‍the ​world of phlebotomy but also offer practical tips ‍and case studies to enhance your learning experience.
## Why Take ⁤a Phlebotomy Practice Test?
Taking a‍ phlebotomy practice test can be immensely​ beneficial ​for several reasons:
1. **Identify Knowledge Gaps:**⁣ Practice tests help pinpoint areas where ‍you may need additional study or ⁢reinforcement.
2.‍ **Foster Confidence:** ‍By taking ‍practice tests, you can improve your confidence level for ‌the actual exam.
3. **Simulated Exam Experience:** Familiarizing yourself with the test format can‍ reduce anxiety during the real ‌test.
4. **Reinforcement of Key Concepts:** Regular testing can⁣ help solidify important⁣ information and techniques in your ⁤memory.
## Key Concepts Covered⁣ in Our Practice⁤ Test
Our ultimate phlebotomist practice test covers a wide range of essential ‌topics, including:
– **Anatomy and Physiology:** Understanding the human body’s structure and how it relates to​ blood collection. – **Venipuncture ⁣Techniques:** Proper methods for drawing blood safely and efficiently. – **Safety Procedures:**⁢ Guidelines to follow in order to ⁤minimize risks to⁣ both patients and healthcare workers. – **Infection Control:** Best⁣ practices for‍ preventing ⁢the spread of infections in the clinical setting. – **Patient Interaction:** Skills to communicate effectively with patients to ease their concerns.
### Sample Questions from Our Practice Test
To give you a glimpse of what to expect, here are ⁤a few sample questions that reflect the knowledge required to succeed ⁤in ‍the phlebotomy field:
1. **What is the primary purpose of using a tourniquet​ during venipuncture?** -‍ A) To ensure a proper needle angle ‌ ⁢ – B) To make‍ veins​ more visible ​ – C) To ⁤prevent blood flow ​ – D) To decrease patient⁢ anxiety **Correct Answer:** B
2. **Which of the‍ following is NOT a method of infection control?** -‌ A) Hand hygiene – B) Using sterile equipment – C)‍ Wearing gloves ‍ ‌- D) Using the same needle for multiple patients **Correct Answer:** D
3. **What gauge needle⁤ is commonly used for drawing blood from adults?** – A) 18-gauge ⁤ – B) ⁤21-gauge – C) 23-gauge – D)⁣ 25-gauge ⁤ ​ ⁣ **Correct Answer:** B
## Benefits ⁣of the Ultimate Phlebotomist Practice Test
Here are some notable benefits of utilizing ⁤our phlebotomist practice test:
– **Comprehensive Review:** Covers all the necessary content areas, ensuring ​you’re well-prepared. – ⁢**Interactive Learning:** ⁤Engaging question formats enhance retention and understanding. – **Timed Practice:**‍ Simulates the pressure of an actual exam environment,‍ promoting time management ⁤skills. – **Immediate Feedback:** Receive ‍instant‌ results to assess your performance and areas for improvement.
## Practical Tips ‍for Preparing for Your Phlebotomy Exam
1. **Study Regularly:** Break your study sessions into manageable blocks ‌and cover a little bit each‍ day.
2. **Use Visual Aids:** Diagrams and charts can‍ greatly help‍ in understanding anatomical structures.
3.‍ **Practice Hands-On Techniques:** Utilize lab time or volunteer opportunities to⁤ gain experience in real-world scenarios.
4. **Join Study Groups:** Collaborating with peers can‌ provide diverse insights​ and motivation.
5. **Focus on​ Safety⁣ Protocols:** Brush up on OSHA regulations and standard precautions, as these are critical to your role.
## Case ⁢Studies: Real-Life Applications
### Case Study 1: Successful Blood Draw in a Pediatric Patient
A phlebotomist named⁢ Sarah encountered a nervous‍ 6-year-old patient needing a blood​ draw for routine⁤ testing. By using a ‍gentle and friendly approach, distracting ⁤the child with a⁢ toy, and applying a numbing cream, Sarah was able to successfully obtain a⁣ sample⁣ with minimal discomfort to the young patient. This case illustrates the ⁢significance of patient interaction skills ⁣in phlebotomy.
### Case Study 2: Emergency Response to a Needle Stick Injury
James, a⁤ seasoned phlebotomist, experienced a needle stick injury while drawing blood. Thanks to his ⁣training in workplace safety‌ procedures, he immediately followed protocol: he washed the wound, reported the incident to ‌a ​supervisor, ⁣and noticed timely follow-up care. This highlights⁤ the necessity of ‌rigorous safety training and adherence to procedures.
## First-Hand Experience: Insights from‍ a Phlebotomy Professional
“One of the most rewarding aspects of being a⁢ phlebotomist is the connection you create ‍with patients. It’s essential to put them at ease, especially if they are nervous. I make it‍ a​ point to explain everything I’m⁢ doing and why. This builds trust⁢ and goes a long way in ensuring a successful blood draw,” says Lisa, a ⁤certified phlebotomist‍ with over seven years in the field.
## Conclusion
Mastering the‍ basics⁤ of phlebotomy is crucial for both ​your certification and your ⁢professional ⁢success. Utilizing our ultimate ⁤phlebotomist ⁤practice⁣ test is⁣ an effective way to enhance your⁢ understanding, polish your skills, and boost your‍ confidence.​ Remember⁤ to take your time with your studies, engage in ‍hands-on practice, and connect with peers for a‌ supportive learning environment. By adopting⁣ these strategies and focusing on your⁣ preparation, you’ll ⁣be well on ⁤your way to a successful career as a phlebotomist.
Now that you’re equipped with this comprehensive guide, it’s time‍ to get started on your road to success. Take our ultimate phlebotomist practice test today and⁤ watch your skills soar!
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https://phlebotomycertificationcourse.net/master-the-basics-take-our-ultimate-phlebotomist-practice-test-for-success/
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vtellswhat · 4 months ago
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Key Elements of a Research Paper: A Comprehensive Guide
Research papers are a cornerstone of academic and professional fields, serving as vehicles to communicate findings, insights, and ideas. Whether you’re a student or a seasoned researcher, understanding the key elements of a research paper is crucial to crafting an impactful and well-structured document. Here's an in-depth look at the essential components of a research paper.
1. Title
The title is the first impression of your research. A strong title should be concise, specific, and descriptive, reflecting the essence of your study. Avoid vague phrases and aim for clarity. For example, instead of “A Study on Climate,” a better title would be “The Impact of Urbanization on Local Climate Patterns.”
2. Abstract
The abstract is a brief summary of the entire research paper, usually around 150–250 words. It encapsulates the purpose, methodology, key findings, and conclusions of your research. Think of it as a snapshot that helps readers decide whether to delve deeper into your paper. A well-written abstract is clear, engaging, and provides all critical information at a glance.
3. Introduction
The introduction sets the stage for your research. It should:
Define the problem or research question.
Provide context or background information.
Highlight the significance of the study.
Clearly state your objectives or hypotheses.
A compelling introduction piques the reader’s interest and establishes the importance of your work.
4. Literature Review
The literature review explores existing research relevant to your topic. This section demonstrates your understanding of the field, identifies gaps in the existing knowledge, and positions your research within the broader academic context. Cite credible sources and critically evaluate the works, showing how your study builds upon or diverges from them.
5. Methodology
The methodology section explains how the research was conducted. It provides details about:
Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods.
Data collection: Surveys, experiments, interviews, or other methods.
Sample size and selection: Who or what was studied, and why.
Analysis techniques: Statistical tools, coding methods, or software used.
Transparency in the methodology is essential for replicability and credibility.
6. Results
The results section presents the findings of your research. Use clear language and support your data with visuals such as tables, graphs, and charts. Avoid interpreting the data here; instead, focus on presenting it in an organized and logical manner.
7. Discussion
In the discussion section, interpret your findings and connect them to the research question or hypothesis. Address the following:
What do the results mean?
How do they align with or challenge existing research?
What are the implications of your findings?
What are the limitations of your study?
A balanced discussion acknowledges limitations while emphasizing the contributions of your research.
8. Conclusion
The conclusion succinctly wraps up the study. Summarize the key findings, restate their importance, and suggest future research directions. Avoid introducing new information here. Instead, reinforce the main points of your paper.
9. References
A well-documented reference list is a hallmark of scholarly work. Cite all sources you’ve used, following a specific citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, or Chicago). Proper referencing not only credits original authors but also enhances the credibility of your research.
10. Appendices (if applicable)
Appendices include supplementary material that supports your paper but doesn’t fit into the main body. This could be raw data, detailed calculations, questionnaires, or additional figures.
Tips for Writing an Effective Research Paper
Clarity and coherence: Ensure your paper flows logically from one section to another.
Conciseness: Be succinct without sacrificing depth.
Consistency: Stick to one citation style and maintain uniform formatting.
Proofreading: Review your paper multiple times to eliminate errors and refine the language.
Conclusion
Each element of a research paper plays a vital role in conveying your findings effectively. By mastering these components, you can craft a compelling and impactful research paper that stands out in the academic or professional arena. Whether you’re writing your first paper or your fiftieth, a clear understanding of these key elements ensures success.
Need expert guidance for your PhD, Master’s thesis, or research writing journey? Click the link below to access resources and support tailored to help you excel every step of the way. Unlock your full research potential today!
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aimlayresearch · 5 months ago
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Research Paper Format: Structuring Your Academic Work
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A well-structured research paper format is essential to present your ideas coherently, showcase your findings effectively, and ensure your work is taken seriously by academic peers. Whether you are writing for a journal, conference, or university, following a standard format helps organize your content and increases the readability of your research. In this article, we will explore the key components of a research paper format and how you can structure your paper for maximum impact.
1. Title Page
The title page is the first part of your research paper that introduces your work. It typically includes:
Title of the paper: Concise, descriptive, and aligned with the content.
Author’s name(s): List of all contributing authors.
Institutional affiliation: University, department, or institution associated with the author.
Contact details: Email or address of the primary author for correspondence.
Date of submission: Depending on the requirements.
2. Abstract
The abstract is a brief summary (usually 150–250 words) that highlights the key points of your paper. It should provide:
Objective: What problem does your research address?
Methodology: How did you conduct the study?
Results: What did you find?
Conclusion: What do the findings suggest?
3. Introduction
The introduction lays the foundation for your research by answering these questions:
What is the research problem or question?
Why is it important?
What are the existing gaps in the literature?
What is the purpose of your study?
4. Literature Review
In some papers, the literature review is integrated into the introduction, but in more extensive research, it stands as a separate section. Here, you analyze existing studies related to your topic, identify research gaps, and explain how your work builds upon or diverges from previous findings. Ensure your review is critical, comparing methodologies and highlighting the relevance of earlier research.
5. Methodology
The methodology section outlines the research design and procedures, enabling others to replicate the study. It includes:
Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods.
Sample size and selection criteria: Who or what was studied?
Data collection methods: Surveys, interviews, experiments, etc.
Data analysis tools: Software, statistical techniques, or algorithms used to analyze the data.
6. Results
The results section presents the findings of your study without interpretation. Use tables, charts, and graphs to visualize data, making it easier for readers to comprehend key points. Ensure that all visual elements are well-labeled and referenced within the text.
7. Discussion
In this section, you interpret the results and link them to the research questions or hypotheses. Highlight the significance of your findings by comparing them with previous studies and explain how they contribute to the body of knowledge. Address any unexpected results, their potential implications, and the limitations of your study.
8. Conclusion
The conclusion summarizes the main findings and their relevance. Restate the purpose of your research and how the outcomes align with your objectives. Avoid introducing new information in this section. Instead, provide a concise wrap-up that reflects the core message of your paper.
9. References
The references section lists all sources cited in your paper. Common citation styles include:
APA: Commonly used in social sciences.
MLA: Often used in humanities.
Chicago: Preferred in history and some other fields.
IEEE: Common in engineering and computer science.
Ensure that every in-text citation matches an entry in the reference list to maintain academic integrity and avoid plagiarism.
Formatting Guidelines and Tips
Different institutions and journals may have specific formatting guidelines, but here are some general tips to follow:
Font: Use a readable font such as Times New Roman or Arial (size 12).
Spacing: Double-spacing throughout the paper.
Margins: 1-inch margins on all sides.
Headings and Subheadings: Use clear headings to divide sections.
Page numbers: Include page numbers in the top-right or bottom center of each page.
Word count: Adhere to the word limit set by your instructor or journal.
Conclusion
Following a structured research paper format ensures that your work is presented logically and professionally. Each section serves a specific purpose, guiding the reader through your research process from introduction to conclusion. Whether you are submitting your paper to an academic journal or preparing a thesis, adhering to these formatting standards will enhance the clarity and credibility of your work.
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ramanidevi16 · 9 months ago
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Manage and Analyse dataset
Let's construct a simplified example using Python to demonstrate how you might manage and analyze a dataset, focusing on cleaning, transforming, and analyzing data related to physical activity and BMI. Example Code
```pythonimport pandas as pdimport numpy as npimport seaborn as snsimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt# Sample data creation (replace with your actual dataset loading)np.random.seed(0)n = 100age = np.random.choice([20, 30, 40, 50], size=n)physical_activity_minutes = np.random.randint(0, 300, size=n)bmi = np.random.normal(25, 5, size=n)data = { 'Age': age, 'PhysicalActivityMinutes': physical_activity_minutes, 'BMI': bmi}df = pd.DataFrame(data)# Data cleaning: Handling missing valuesdf.dropna(inplace=True)# Data transformation: Categorizing variablesdf['AgeGroup'] = pd.cut(df['Age'], bins=[20, 30, 40, 50, np.inf], labels=['20-29', '30-39', '40-49', '50+'])df['ActivityLevel'] = pd.cut(df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'], bins=[0, 100, 200, 300], labels=['Low', 'Moderate', 'High'])# Outlier detection and handling for BMIQ1 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.25)Q3 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.75)IQR = Q3 - Q1lower_bound = Q1 - 1.5 * IQRupper_bound = Q3 + 1.5 * IQRdf = df[(df['BMI'] >= lower_bound) & (df['BMI'] <= upper_bound)]# Visualization: Scatter plot and correlationplt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))sns.scatterplot(data=df, x='PhysicalActivityMinutes', y='BMI', hue='AgeGroup', palette='Set2', s=100)plt.title('Relationship between Physical Activity and BMI by Age Group')plt.xlabel('Physical Activity Minutes per Week')plt.ylabel('BMI')plt.legend(title='Age Group')plt.grid(True)plt.show()# Statistical analysis: Correlation coefficientcorrelation = df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'].corr(df['BMI'])print(f"Correlation Coefficient between Physical Activity and BMI: {correlation:.2f}")# ANOVA example (not included in previous blog but added here for demonstration)import statsmodels.api as smfrom statsmodels.formula.api import olsmodel = ols('BMI ~ C(AgeGroup) * PhysicalActivityMinutes', data=df).fit()anova_table = sm.stats.anova_lm(model, typ=2)print("\nANOVA Results:")print(anova_table)```### Explanation:
1. **Sample Data Creation**: Simulates a dataset with variables `Age`, `PhysicalActivityMinutes`, and `BMI`.
2. **Data Cleaning**: Drops rows with missing values (`NaN`).
3. **Data Transformation**: Categorizes `Age` into groups (`AgeGroup`) and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` into levels (`ActivityLevel`).
4. **Outlier Detection**: Uses the IQR method to detect and remove outliers in the `BMI` variable.
5. **Visualization**: Generates a scatter plot to visualize the relationship between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI` across different `AgeGroup`.
6. **Statistical Analysis**: Calculates the correlation coefficient between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI`.
Optionally, performs an ANOVA to test if the relationship between `BMI` and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` differs across `AgeGroup`.This example provides a structured approach to managing and analyzing data, addressing aspects such as cleaning, transforming, visualizing, and analyzing relationships in the dataset. Adjust the code according to the specifics of your dataset and research question for your assignment.
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krishnamanohari2108 · 9 months ago
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Python
Let's construct a simplified example using Python to demonstrate how you might manage and analyze a dataset, focusing on cleaning, transforming, and analyzing data related to physical activity and BMI. Example Code```pythonimport pandas as pdimport numpy as npimport seaborn as snsimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt# Sample data creation (replace with your actual dataset loading)np.random.seed(0)n = 100age = np.random.choice([20, 30, 40, 50], size=n)physical_activity_minutes = np.random.randint(0, 300, size=n)bmi = np.random.normal(25, 5, size=n)data = { 'Age': age, 'PhysicalActivityMinutes': physical_activity_minutes, 'BMI': bmi}df = pd.DataFrame(data)# Data cleaning: Handling missing valuesdf.dropna(inplace=True)# Data transformation: Categorizing variablesdf['AgeGroup'] = pd.cut(df['Age'], bins=[20, 30, 40, 50, np.inf], labels=['20-29', '30-39', '40-49', '50+'])df['ActivityLevel'] = pd.cut(df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'], bins=[0, 100, 200, 300], labels=['Low', 'Moderate', 'High'])# Outlier detection and handling for BMIQ1 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.25)Q3 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.75)IQR = Q3 - Q1lower_bound = Q1 - 1.5 * IQRupper_bound = Q3 + 1.5 * IQRdf = df[(df['BMI'] >= lower_bound) & (df['BMI'] <= upper_bound)]# Visualization: Scatter plot and correlationplt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))sns.scatterplot(data=df, x='PhysicalActivityMinutes', y='BMI', hue='AgeGroup', palette='Set2', s=100)plt.title('Relationship between Physical Activity and BMI by Age Group')plt.xlabel('Physical Activity Minutes per Week')plt.ylabel('BMI')plt.legend(title='Age Group')plt.grid(True)plt.show()# Statistical analysis: Correlation coefficientcorrelation = df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'].corr(df['BMI'])print(f"Correlation Coefficient between Physical Activity and BMI: {correlation:.2f}")# ANOVA example (not included in previous blog but added here for demonstration)import statsmodels.api as smfrom statsmodels.formula.api import olsmodel = ols('BMI ~ C(AgeGroup) * PhysicalActivityMinutes', data=df).fit()anova_table = sm.stats.anova_lm(model, typ=2)print("\nANOVA Results:")print(anova_table)```### Explanation:1. **Sample Data Creation**: Simulates a dataset with variables `Age`, `PhysicalActivityMinutes`, and `BMI`.2. **Data Cleaning**: Drops rows with missing values (`NaN`).3. **Data Transformation**: Categorizes `Age` into groups (`AgeGroup`) and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` into levels (`ActivityLevel`).4. **Outlier Detection**: Uses the IQR method to detect and remove outliers in the `BMI` variable.5. **Visualization**: Generates a scatter plot to visualize the relationship between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI` across different `AgeGroup`.6. **Statistical Analysis**: Calculates the correlation coefficient between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI`. Optionally, performs an ANOVA to test if the relationship between `BMI` and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` differs across `AgeGroup`.This example provides a structured approach to managing and analyzing data, addressing aspects such as cleaning, transforming, visualizing, and analyzing relationships in the dataset. Adjust the code according to the specifics of your dataset and research question for your assignment.
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ratthika · 9 months ago
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Let's construct a simplified example using Python to demonstrate how you might manage and analyze a dataset, focusing on cleaning, transforming, and analyzing data related to physical activity and BMI. Example Code```pythonimport pandas as pdimport numpy as npimport seaborn as snsimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt# Sample data creation (replace with your actual dataset loading)np.random.seed(0)n = 100age = np.random.choice([20, 30, 40, 50], size=n)physical_activity_minutes = np.random.randint(0, 300, size=n)bmi = np.random.normal(25, 5, size=n)data = { 'Age': age, 'PhysicalActivityMinutes': physical_activity_minutes, 'BMI': bmi}df = pd.DataFrame(data)# Data cleaning: Handling missing valuesdf.dropna(inplace=True)# Data transformation: Categorizing variablesdf['AgeGroup'] = pd.cut(df['Age'], bins=[20, 30, 40, 50, np.inf], labels=['20-29', '30-39', '40-49', '50+'])df['ActivityLevel'] = pd.cut(df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'], bins=[0, 100, 200, 300], labels=['Low', 'Moderate', 'High'])# Outlier detection and handling for BMIQ1 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.25)Q3 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.75)IQR = Q3 - Q1lower_bound = Q1 - 1.5 * IQRupper_bound = Q3 + 1.5 * IQRdf = df[(df['BMI'] >= lower_bound) & (df['BMI'] <= upper_bound)]# Visualization: Scatter plot and correlationplt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))sns.scatterplot(data=df, x='PhysicalActivityMinutes', y='BMI', hue='AgeGroup', palette='Set2', s=100)plt.title('Relationship between Physical Activity and BMI by Age Group')plt.xlabel('Physical Activity Minutes per Week')plt.ylabel('BMI')plt.legend(title='Age Group')plt.grid(True)plt.show()# Statistical analysis: Correlation coefficientcorrelation = df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'].corr(df['BMI'])print(f"Correlation Coefficient between Physical Activity and BMI: {correlation:.2f}")# ANOVA example (not included in previous blog but added here for demonstration)import statsmodels.api as smfrom statsmodels.formula.api import olsmodel = ols('BMI ~ C(AgeGroup) * PhysicalActivityMinutes', data=df).fit()anova_table = sm.stats.anova_lm(model, typ=2)print("\nANOVA Results:")print(anova_table)```### Explanation:1. **Sample Data Creation**: Simulates a dataset with variables `Age`, `PhysicalActivityMinutes`, and `BMI`.2. **Data Cleaning**: Drops rows with missing values (`NaN`).3. **Data Transformation**: Categorizes `Age` into groups (`AgeGroup`) and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` into levels (`ActivityLevel`).4. **Outlier Detection**: Uses the IQR method to detect and remove outliers in the `BMI` variable.5. **Visualization**: Generates a scatter plot to visualize the relationship between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI` across different `AgeGroup`.6. **Statistical Analysis**: Calculates the correlation coefficient between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI`. Optionally, performs an ANOVA to test if the relationship between `BMI` and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` differs across `AgeGroup`.This example provides a structured approach to managing and analyzing data, addressing aspects such as cleaning, transforming, visualizing, and analyzing relationships in the dataset. Adjust the code according to the specifics of your dataset and research question for your assignment.
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varsha172003 · 9 months ago
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Let's construct a simplified example using Python to demonstrate how you might manage and analyze a dataset, focusing on cleaning, transforming, and analyzing data related to physical activity and BMI.
Example Codeimport pandas as pd import numpy as np import seaborn as sns import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # Sample data creation (replace with your actual dataset loading) np.random.seed(0) n = 100 age = np.random.choice([20, 30, 40, 50], size=n) physical_activity_minutes = np.random.randint(0, 300, size=n) bmi = np.random.normal(25, 5, size=n) data = { 'Age': age, 'PhysicalActivityMinutes': physical_activity_minutes, 'BMI': bmi } df = pd.DataFrame(data) # Data cleaning: Handling missing values df.dropna(inplace=True) # Data transformation: Categorizing variables df['AgeGroup'] = pd.cut(df['Age'], bins=[20, 30, 40, 50, np.inf], labels=['20-29', '30-39', '40-49', '50+']) df['ActivityLevel'] = pd.cut(df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'], bins=[0, 100, 200, 300], labels=['Low', 'Moderate', 'High']) # Outlier detection and handling for BMI Q1 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.25) Q3 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.75) IQR = Q3 - Q1 lower_bound = Q1 - 1.5 * IQR upper_bound = Q3 + 1.5 * IQR df = df[(df['BMI'] >= lower_bound) & (df['BMI'] <= upper_bound)] # Visualization: Scatter plot and correlation plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6)) sns.scatterplot(data=df, x='PhysicalActivityMinutes', y='BMI', hue='AgeGroup', palette='Set2', s=100) plt.title('Relationship between Physical Activity and BMI by Age Group') plt.xlabel('Physical Activity Minutes per Week') plt.ylabel('BMI') plt.legend(title='Age Group') plt.grid(True) plt.show() # Statistical analysis: Correlation coefficient correlation = df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'].corr(df['BMI']) print(f"Correlation Coefficient between Physical Activity and BMI: {correlation:.2f}") # ANOVA example (not included in previous blog but added here for demonstration) import statsmodels.api as sm from statsmodels.formula.api import ols model = ols('BMI ~ C(AgeGroup) * PhysicalActivityMinutes', data=df).fit() anova_table = sm.stats.anova_lm(model, typ=2) print("\nANOVA Results:") print(anova_table)
Explanation:
Sample Data Creation: Simulates a dataset with variables Age, PhysicalActivityMinutes, and BMI.
Data Cleaning: Drops rows with missing values (NaN).
Data Transformation: Categorizes Age into groups (AgeGroup) and PhysicalActivityMinutes into levels (ActivityLevel).
Outlier Detection: Uses the IQR method to detect and remove outliers in the BMI variable.
Visualization: Generates a scatter plot to visualize the relationship between PhysicalActivityMinutes and BMI across different AgeGroup.
Statistical Analysis: Calculates the correlation coefficient between PhysicalActivityMinutes and BMI. Optionally, performs an ANOVA to test if the relationship between BMI and PhysicalActivityMinutes differs across AgeGroup.
This example provides a structured approach to managing and analyzing data, addressing aspects such as cleaning, transforming, visualizing, and analyzing relationships in the dataset. Adjust the code according to the specifics of your dataset and research question for your assignment.
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divya08112002 · 9 months ago
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Let's construct a simplified example using Python to demonstrate how you might manage and analyze a dataset, focusing on cleaning, transforming, and analyzing data related to physical activity and BMI.
Example Codeimport pandas as pd import numpy as np import seaborn as sns import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # Sample data creation (replace with your actual dataset loading) np.random.seed(0) n = 100 age = np.random.choice([20, 30, 40, 50], size=n) physical_activity_minutes = np.random.randint(0, 300, size=n) bmi = np.random.normal(25, 5, size=n) data = { 'Age': age, 'PhysicalActivityMinutes': physical_activity_minutes, 'BMI': bmi } df = pd.DataFrame(data) # Data cleaning: Handling missing values df.dropna(inplace=True) # Data transformation: Categorizing variables df['AgeGroup'] = pd.cut(df['Age'], bins=[20, 30, 40, 50, np.inf], labels=['20-29', '30-39', '40-49', '50+']) df['ActivityLevel'] = pd.cut(df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'], bins=[0, 100, 200, 300], labels=['Low', 'Moderate', 'High']) # Outlier detection and handling for BMI Q1 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.25) Q3 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.75) IQR = Q3 - Q1 lower_bound = Q1 - 1.5 * IQR upper_bound = Q3 + 1.5 * IQR df = df[(df['BMI'] >= lower_bound) & (df['BMI'] <= upper_bound)] # Visualization: Scatter plot and correlation plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6)) sns.scatterplot(data=df, x='PhysicalActivityMinutes', y='BMI', hue='AgeGroup', palette='Set2', s=100) plt.title('Relationship between Physical Activity and BMI by Age Group') plt.xlabel('Physical Activity Minutes per Week') plt.ylabel('BMI') plt.legend(title='Age Group') plt.grid(True) plt.show() # Statistical analysis: Correlation coefficient correlation = df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'].corr(df['BMI']) print(f"Correlation Coefficient between Physical Activity and BMI: {correlation:.2f}") # ANOVA example (not included in previous blog but added here for demonstration) import statsmodels.api as sm from statsmodels.formula.api import ols model = ols('BMI ~ C(AgeGroup) * PhysicalActivityMinutes', data=df).fit() anova_table = sm.stats.anova_lm(model, typ=2) print("\nANOVA Results:") print(anova_table)
Explanation:
Sample Data Creation: Simulates a dataset with variables Age, PhysicalActivityMinutes, and BMI.
Data Cleaning: Drops rows with missing values (NaN).
Data Transformation: Categorizes Age into groups (AgeGroup) and PhysicalActivityMinutes into levels (ActivityLevel).
Outlier Detection: Uses the IQR method to detect and remove outliers in the BMI variable.
Visualization: Generates a scatter plot to visualize the relationship between PhysicalActivityMinutes and BMI across different AgeGroup.
Statistical Analysis: Calculates the correlation coefficient between PhysicalActivityMinutes and BMI. Optionally, performs an ANOVA to test if the relationship between BMI and PhysicalActivityMinutes differs across AgeGroup.
This example provides a structured approach to managing and analyzing data, addressing aspects such as cleaning, transforming, visualizing, and analyzing relationships in the dataset. Adjust the code according to the specifics of your dataset and research question for your assignment.
0 notes
mbcoldstorage · 4 years ago
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Transcendence of the analog image
https://forum.arsenal-berlin.de/forum-forum-expanded/programm-forum/ste-anne/essay-transzendenz-des-analogbildes/
"Art is magic, freed from the lie of being truth" (Theodor W. Adorno)
A return to a culture of origin - or an attempt at self-determination that can only succeed if you make peace with your past? STE moves between these two poles . ANNEfor a long time without clearly giving preference to one direction over the other. In any case, it is a film with biographical borrowings: The title of the feature film debut by the Canadian Rhayne Vermette refers to the city in the province of Manitoba where her family once settled. Even before any narrative constriction, there is a poetic evocation: Vermette's film is an ode to the land of her ancestors, who, like herself, are members of the Métis, an ethnic minority that, at the end of the 18th century, emerged from the union of French-born settlers and indigenous people Population groups emerged.
In the film, the land, both a visual object and a “state of mind”, appears as close as it is remote. Close, because for Vermette it is a familiar environment, a landscape that she knows all too well; enraptured because the landscape in STE. ANNE does not offer a realistic setting through which the protagonists move habitually. Rather, it is de-familialized here from the start: Even the first recordings of the film, shot at the interface between day and night, allow viewers to pass a kind of threshold, enter a twilight zone . One looks at painting-like images of a steppe-like nature with mighty cloud formations, in addition to the chirping of birds and a restrained ambient sound that briefly swells threateningly.
Scar in the family structure
The woman who tiredly walks through one of these pictures is called Renée. Years after her mysterious disappearance, she returns to the settlement where her daughter Athene lives, who has since been raised like her own child by Renée's brother Modeste and his wife Eleanor. Before we learn anything about Renée's motives, Athene addresses her mother, who was believed to be lost - in an intimate voiceover monologue, she expresses the hope that she can finally get closer and share the spirits that haunt her with her.
Vermette embeds this inner monologue by Athene in a scene of communal commonality, the film keeps coming back to scenes of this kind: people gathered around a campfire, a folk song is sung; People who gather at the table. After the atmospherically ambiguous beginning, the joy of meeting now prevails. However, the separation has left a scar in the family structure - not least, athenes self-image is challenged. Does she now have two mothers, is she “just lucky,” as she once put it to a friend?
For both her mother Renée and herself, the reunification leads to an attempt to get to know her own roots better. Vermette tells this process of approaching and confronting the past with the rules of a fiction that falls back on conventions. You can see repeatedly how mother and daughter leaf through family albums together, but in the first of these scenes the depicted father himself appears as a transparent ghost in the image section. This is not scary: he is eating an apple and looking down at the others in a friendly manner. One can take the scene as the first indication that STE. ANNEit is more about juxtaposition: about images that can be memories, visions or views or several of them at the same time, but which are rarely realistic documents.
Photographs have a special status as artifacts in film. Renée has a crumpled old picture of a Ste. Anne, which she has acquired and where she would like to settle one day. The picture is an object of longing and at the same time a hand oracle that shows her the way into a self-determined future - although her project only seems possible via the detour of the fulfillment of a mythical prophecy. Athene, in turn, pins her mother's photo from the family album on the wall. When she touches it, this seems to trigger a chemical reaction that trembles the film image and, in the form of changing shades of color, apparently activates an inner intensity of the image, its affective potential.
Physical interweaving of image and world
According to the semiotic Charles S. Pierce, the photographic image (on film material) maintains an indexical connection to reality. It is a physical sign, a light print and at the same time the result of a medial transmission. With her work, Vermette consciously connects to this physical interweaving of image and world. She even goes beyond that when she ascribes a magic to the picture, an excess or residue of transcendence that must remain hidden from the naked eye. Horror films (just think of the horrific photo of the girl at the beginning of Nicholas Roeg's DON'T LOOK NOW) have repeatedly appropriated this mysterious charge of images. In STE. ANNEit is more about a spiritual-cosmic flicker, about the coexistence of different levels of time and being. Images seem most likely to be able to connect to the cyclical principle of the Métis culture. The time level of the film therefore remains deliberately unclear, past and present seem to overlap; At the same time, however, the camera has always been the medium for Vermette itself to relate to these traditions in the present. The fact that she herself can be seen in the role of Renée (and various family members appear) gives this artistic examination of her own history of origin even more urgency.
Recourse to the filmic carrier material is essential for Vermette's aesthetic approach. She shoots with a Bolex camera on 16mm and already with this practice refers to methods of experimental or avant-garde film; in interviews she mentions the tickle that results from the fact that you never know for sure what the finished image will look like in the end. In her short films, she made the materiality of the film an even more explicit topic, or rather linked the fiction itself to the volatility of the medium. In LE CHÂSSIS DE LOURDES (2016), who with STE. ANNE corresponds most strongly, she reflects on her flight from the family network and then works through the films and photographs that her father made with a camera that he passed on to her, as it were from the newly gained distance.
With the help of a flowing, yet high-frequency montage, she creates an undertow with the recordings from the house of her childhood, which, with the help of the medium of film, deconstructs that imaginary place that is commonly referred to as “home”. Memory is identified as a construction and the private environment, which one walks through again in pictures or rather scans through, is expanded into a collective space. By making the film material, the individual frames, the soundtrack and the perforation of the film strip visible, Vermette also turns the semantic units outwards. It rearranges and animates (right down to the processing of the individual cadre) the source material, not least through the sound,
LE CHÂSSIS DE LOURDES, as a (re) appropriation and extension of one's own family history, is nevertheless a differently polarized home movie than STE ANNE. Because only her feature film poses the question of how belonging to a traditional but already fragmented culture can be combined with the individualistic demands of a modern woman. Instead of following a progressive plot, Vermette creates passages which she then relates to one another using a method similar to sampling (she describes hip-hop artist and producer Madlib as one of her role models). Motifs are intoned, take a back seat and are taken up again later. One is the matriarchal structure of the Métis community, which is shown early on in the film in social togetherness, in which anecdotes about the past are exchanged. That sequence is particularly haunting in which the women in anachronistic costumes go from house to house as nuns with their faces wrapped in bandages. If you first believe yourself in a horror film, the scenario is later identified as a ritual that ends with the exuberant feast of the captured delicacies - a rebellious act that creates common ground among the women.
Metaphysics in moving images
Vermette embeds such passages in impressionistic landscape panoramas in which nature (and its spiritual forces) come to an independent present in the materiality of the film. The shots of barren autumn forests, wintery snowy landscapes and rivers, which have fragile textures and changing color intensities, do not just work as poetic inserts. Rather, they form the larger resonance space for the changes that are emerging in the family structure. The grandmother is repeatedly seen looking out into the night, at the moon and a stray dog, as if she saw a portent in them. Nature has a somatic quality that also manifests itself in the grain of the 16mm pictures or the veils of color that flicker around the pictures - an effect which is enhanced by the complex sound design. Once wrinkled hands plunge into a body of water, which seems to trigger a chain reaction on the sound level. When ice flowers on windows, ornate enamel and the swirl pattern on a body of water come together in a figurative dance, then it also tells of a cosmic roof over people and things.
This is also borne out by the highlighted scene in which the immanence of this community - one feels reminiscent of a film by Apichatpong Weerasethakul - emerges most clearly in the film: As in a daydream, Renée first climbs a hill in slow motion with tents on it. Then the horns of a bull glow in the dark, it snorts like a god of nature, while Renée tells of her premonition of a coming disaster. Did it create these pictures? She asks the being. Or is this just the sad result of someone else, i.e. representation itself?
That stays in STE. ANNE, of course, in the balance; But when you think about these questions you inevitably think of the director herself, the real originator of this metaphysics in moving images. Renée's path to independence is not only to be had at the price of breaking with the culture of origin. The idea of ​​standing on her own two feet with Athena paradoxically brings her closer to her own roots. The decisive factor, however, is the film medium, which prepares the ground for the reconciliation of the opposing worlds: their real life and the spiritual space of family tradition. Only this gives form to magical thinking.
Dominik Kamalzadeh is the cultural editor of the Vienna daily Der Standard and member of the editorial board of the film magazine Kolik.Film . He lives in Vienna.
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shamira22 · 9 months ago
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Let's construct a simplified example using Python to demonstrate how you might manage and analyze a dataset, focusing on cleaning, transforming, and analyzing data related to physical activity and BMI. Example Code```pythonimport pandas as pdimport numpy as npimport seaborn as snsimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt# Sample data creation (replace with your actual dataset loading)np.random.seed(0)n = 100age = np.random.choice([20, 30, 40, 50], size=n)physical_activity_minutes = np.random.randint(0, 300, size=n)bmi = np.random.normal(25, 5, size=n)data = { 'Age': age, 'PhysicalActivityMinutes': physical_activity_minutes, 'BMI': bmi}df = pd.DataFrame(data)# Data cleaning: Handling missing valuesdf.dropna(inplace=True)# Data transformation: Categorizing variablesdf['AgeGroup'] = pd.cut(df['Age'], bins=[20, 30, 40, 50, np.inf], labels=['20-29', '30-39', '40-49', '50+'])df['ActivityLevel'] = pd.cut(df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'], bins=[0, 100, 200, 300], labels=['Low', 'Moderate', 'High'])# Outlier detection and handling for BMIQ1 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.25)Q3 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.75)IQR = Q3 - Q1lower_bound = Q1 - 1.5 * IQRupper_bound = Q3 + 1.5 * IQRdf = df[(df['BMI'] >= lower_bound) & (df['BMI'] <= upper_bound)]# Visualization: Scatter plot and correlationplt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))sns.scatterplot(data=df, x='PhysicalActivityMinutes', y='BMI', hue='AgeGroup', palette='Set2', s=100)plt.title('Relationship between Physical Activity and BMI by Age Group')plt.xlabel('Physical Activity Minutes per Week')plt.ylabel('BMI')plt.legend(title='Age Group')plt.grid(True)plt.show()# Statistical analysis: Correlation coefficientcorrelation = df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'].corr(df['BMI'])print(f"Correlation Coefficient between Physical Activity and BMI: {correlation:.2f}")# ANOVA example (not included in previous blog but added here for demonstration)import statsmodels.api as smfrom statsmodels.formula.api import olsmodel = ols('BMI ~ C(AgeGroup) * PhysicalActivityMinutes', data=df).fit()anova_table = sm.stats.anova_lm(model, typ=2)print("\nANOVA Results:")print(anova_table)```### Explanation:1. **Sample Data Creation**: Simulates a dataset with variables `Age`, `PhysicalActivityMinutes`, and `BMI`.2. **Data Cleaning**: Drops rows with missing values (`NaN`).3. **Data Transformation**: Categorizes `Age` into groups (`AgeGroup`) and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` into levels (`ActivityLevel`).4. **Outlier Detection**: Uses the IQR method to detect and remove outliers in the `BMI` variable.5. **Visualization**: Generates a scatter plot to visualize the relationship between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI` across different `AgeGroup`.6. **Statistical Analysis**: Calculates the correlation coefficient between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI`. Optionally, performs an ANOVA to test if the relationship between `BMI` and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` differs across `AgeGroup`.This example provides a structured approach to managing and analyzing data, addressing aspects such as cleaning, transforming, visualizing, and analyzing relationships in the dataset. Adjust the code according to the specifics of your dataset and research question for your assignment.
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gergo-szinyova · 4 years ago
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Text for the Kisterem solo show (2018) written by Dávid Fehér
Picture Formulas Buzzwords and fragmentary remarks on the new series of Gergő Szinyova
1. Colour dimension (cut, paste, print, paint) Colour in most cases is the subject of deprivation in the painting of Gergő Szinyova. Decolourization and turning towards monochrome are defining characteristics of his artistic practice. He converted the coloured series of paintings into greyscale and painted it in that manner in his previous exhibition, Imaginary Viaduct. The gesture of decolourization has its roots in the practice of grisaille, which was the means of illusionism in the Trecento and in Early Netherlandish painting. The grey-white illusory architectures and painted stone statues framed the painted picture and tricked the viewers’ gaze. Modern variations of grisaille are the greyscale snapshots of analogue photography and printed products, books, and grey surfaces of prints. Dirty greys of home printed picture files. By depriving colour, Szinyova pictured the process of reproduction, thematised the erosion of painting in the time of mechanical multiplication. As the next phase of decolourization he deprived colour completely from another series of paintings: he painted black on black, evoking old topoi of monochrome painting, thematising minimal differences of colouring matters and pigments, nuances and gleams. In his latest series monochromy turns into loud polychromy. In the first experimental pieces of the series the brushstrokes of the base colour mix as if they were made on a painter’s palette. In the newer pictures there are no strokes anymore, only colour fields touching with each other, sometimes sharply separated, in other cases sliding into each other, overlapping, or diverging, seemingly floating or stick closely to the surface of the painting. The colour patches sometimes counterpoint, other times intensify each other. Colour dynamics or colour dimension might be mentioned. Not only because of the sense of depth, distances and closeness but also because this time polychromy appears as the counterpoint of the monochrome used by Szinyova, referring by this to historical dimensions of painting, the traditions of monochrome painting, and the end of painting announced by Alexander Rodchenko. The pieces of the series can be considered to be the dialectical opposite of the former black paintings: colourlessness is replaced by coloured, angular by roundish, regular shapes by amorphous – at times “pixelised – forms. Szinyova, however, does not give up monochromy entirely, because in his new paintings all colour fields are monochrome. The painting is a polychrome collage of monochrome pictures. Collage must not be understood literally as in the case of Henri Matisse’s cut-outs. We see paintings that recall non-painterly processes: primarily cut-outs and printing. The commands “cut”, “paste”, and “print” are merged into one: “paint.” From the beginning (the grisaille) monochromy and colourlessness refer to the peripheries, boundaries, if you like, the utmost limits of panting. In this manner the monochromy of Szinyova that becomes polychromy can be described as the figuration of the endless end.
2. Print – repetition The paintings not only cite collages but prints, as well: primarily risograph prints; the aesthetics of slipping colour surfaces printed on each other; the beauty lying in mistakes; the particular revolutionism of the more and more upvalued “low tech” in the age of digital image flow, manual multiplication methods and “retro”; the paradox of risography; the contradiction that all copies produced by the copier are unique. Szinyova’s motives, forms, shapes are repeated yet unique. Dialectical pairs, peculiar “clones”, variants of each other. They seem to be prints. They appear as reproductions but in reality they cannot be reproduced. They create pseudo-reliefs, ornaments based on fine transitions, contrasts and harmonies. They refer to the painterly dilemmas of repeatability and unrepeatability.
3. Formats – patterns Pseudo-reliefs and ornaments, an imaginary puzzle’s – almost perfectly fitting – pieces, open structures constituted of closed elements might be found. Szinyova has been applying basic formats in his works for a long time: well-known proportions of A/2, A/3, A/4, A/5 sheets. The papers with length and width dividing into halves are basic modules that occur like ghosts. Pictures composed into pictures. In this sense the picture field is just like a radically enlarged, imaginary paper surface that just came out of a risograph. The emphasis being on “just like” and “as if.” While Wade Guyton turned printing into painting, Szinyova turns painting into printing, by projecting visuality of digital images, “low tech” multiplication and traditional easel painting on one another. His recurring forms, basic modules are frequently based on vector graphics, have digital origins, yet in the paintings they become open to pictorial depths. They look like prints (trompe l’oeil-like) but the end result is sensual painting based on the fine visual play of surfaces.
4. Painting and sampling Concepts of sampling, remake, and remix are used as clichés in the context of contemporary art. In recent years (soon decades) instead of the postmodern culture of quoting it is general that the reference is the inordinate system of digital links resembling to the thick network of rhizomes described by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. Each painterly gesture evokes another painterly gesture. As once Imre Bak cited Peter Weibel, “behind every picture there is another picture.” The painter works with a compley network of references, even if he is not aware of it. Szinyova evokes and co-ordinates different layers and references of the slightly more than a hundred years old history of abstraction, while in his vibrant colour-fields reminiscences of digital images, productions of the printing industry, design elements, and fanzine pages occur. The titles of the new series are not abstract codes reminding of automatically generated digital file names, but abstract notions indicating mysterious narratives, words and compounds filled with hints (Momentary Situation, Short song, Unknown, Comfortless, Comfort, Half). Beside the colour fields projected on one another, Szinyova creates particular interferences of codes projected on one another and code systems, questioning the dialectical relationship of technology and picture. He does not eliminate monochromy but builds polychromy of it. Pointing beyond painting from this side of it.
Dávid Fehér
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realtalk-tj · 5 years ago
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Could you please explain in more detail what each of the math post-APs are and how easy/hard they are and how much work? Thanks!!
Response from Al:
This can be added on to, but I can describe how Multivariable Calculus is. First off, I want to say not anyone’s opinion should affect how difficult or easy a class would be for YOU. Ultimately, do the classes you’re interested in. Personally, I thought Calculus was cool as subject, so that’s why I pursued Multi. Multi. builds off of BC Calculus, Geometry, and even some of the linear algebra you learned from middle school (not to be confused with the Linear Algebra you can take at TJ), so as long as you have a good foundation in those subjects, I’m sure you’ll do well in Multi. Depending on your teacher, assessments may or may not be more challenging, and that’s why I strongly emphasize take the class only if you’re genuinely into it. Don’t take it because of peer pressure / because you want to stand out in colleges. I’ll let anyone add below.
Response from Flitwick:
Disclaimer: I feel like I’m not the most unbiased perspective on the difficulty of these math classes, and I have my own mathematical strong/weak points that will bleed into these descriptions. Take all of this with a grain of salt, and go to the curriculum fair for the classes you’re interested in! I’ve tried to make this not just what’s in the catalog/what you’ll hear at the curriculum fair, so hopefully, you can get a more complete view of what you’re in for. 
Here’s my complete review of the post-AP math classes, and my experience while in the class/what I’ve heard from others who have taken the class. I’m not attaching a numerical scale for you to definitively rank these according to difficulty because that would be a drastic oversimplification of what the class is.
Multi: Your experience will vary based on the teacher, but you’ll experience the most natural continuation of calculus no matter who you get. In general, the material is mostly standardized (and you can find it online), but Osborne will do a bit more of a rigorous treatment and will present concepts in an order that “tells a more complete story,” so to speak. 
The class feels a decent amount like BC at first, but the difficulty ramps up over time and you might have an even rougher time if you haven’t had a physics course yet when it comes to understanding some of the later parts of the course (vector fields and flux and all).
I’d say some of the things you learn can be seen as more procedural, i.e. you’ll get lots of problems in the style of “find/compute blah,” and it’s really easy to just memorize steps for specific kinds of problems. However, I would highly recommend that you don’t fall into this sort of mindset and understand what you’re doing, why you’re doing it, and how that’ll yield what you want to compute, etc.
Homework isn’t really checked, but you just gotta do it – practice makes better in this class.
Linear: This class is called “Matrix Algebra” in the catalog, but I find that title sort of misleading. Again, your experience will depend on who you get (see above for notes on that), but generally, expect a class that is much more focused on understanding intuitive concepts that you might have learned in Math 4/prior to this course, but that can be applied in a much broader context. You’ll start with a fairly simple question (i.e. what does it mean for a system of linear equations to have a solution?) and extend this question to ask/answer questions about linear transformations, vectors and the spaces in which they reside, and matrices.
A lot of the concepts/abstractions are probably easier to grasp for people who didn’t do as well in multi, and this I think is a perfectly natural thing! Linear concepts also lend themselves pretty well to visualization which is great for us visual learners too :)) The difficulty can come in understanding what terms mean/imply and what they don’t mean/imply, which turns into a lot of true/false at some points, and in the naturally large amount of arithmetic that just comes with dealing with matrices and stuff. 
Same/similar notes on the homework situation as in Multi.
Concrete: Dr. White teaches this course, and it’s a great time! The course description in the catalog isn’t totally accurate - most of the focus of the first two main units are generally about counting things, and some of the stuff mentioned in the catalog (Catalan numbers, Stirling numbers) are presented as numbers that count stuff in different situations. The first unit focuses on a more constructive approach to counting, and it can be really hard to get used to that way of thinking - it’s sorta like math-competition problems, to a degree. The second unit does the same thing but from a more computational/analytic perspective. Towards the end, Mr. White will sort of cover whatever the class is interested in - we did a bit of group theory for counting at the end when I took it. 
The workload is fairly light - a couple problem sets here and there to do, and a few tests, but nothing super regular. Classes are sometimes proofs, sometimes working on a problem in groups to get a feel for the style of thinking necessary for the class. if you’re responsible for taking notes for the class, you get a little bonus, but of course, it’s more work to learn/write in LaTeX. Assessments are more application, I guess - problems designed to show you’ve understood how to think in a combinatorial way. 
Unfortunately, this course is not offered this year but hopefully it will be next year! 
Prob Theory: Dr. White teaches this course this year, and the course’s focus is sort of in the name. The course covers probability and random variables, different kinds of distributions, sampling, expected value, decision theory, and some of the underlying math that forms the basis for statistics. 
This course has much more structure, and they follow the textbook closely, supplemented by packets of problems. Like Concrete, lecture in class is more derivation/proof-based, and practice is done with the packets. Assessments are the same way as above. Personally, I feel this class is a bit more difficult/less intuitive compared to Concrete, but I haven’t taken it at the time of writing. 
Edit (Spr. 2020) - It’s maybe a little more computational in terms of how it’s more difficult? There’s a lot of practice with a smaller set of concepts, but with a lot of applications. 
AMT: Dr. Osborne teaches this course, and I think this course complements all the stuff you do math/physics-wise really well, even if you don’t take any of the above except multi. The class starts where BC ended (sequences + series), but it quickly transitions to using series to evaluate integrals. The second unit does a bit of the probability as well (and probability theory), but it’s quickly used as a gateway into thermodynamics, a physics topic not covered in any other class. The class ends with a very fast speed-run of the linear course (with one or two extra topics thrown in here and there). 
The difficulty of this course comes from pace. The problem sets can get pretty long (with one every 1-2 weeks), but if you work at it and ask questions in class/through email whenever you get confused, you’ll be able to keep up with the material. The expressions you’ll have to work with might be intimidating sometimes, but Osborne presents a particular way of thinking that helps you get over that fear - which is nice! All assessments are take-home (with rules), and are written in the same style as problem sets and problems you do in class. The course can be a lot to handle, but if you stick with it, you’ll end up learning a lot that you might not have learned otherwise, all wrapped up in one semester.  
Diffie: Dr. Osborne has historically taught this course, but this year’s been weird - Dr. J is teaching a section in the spring, while Dr. Osborne is teaching one in the fall. No idea if this trend will continue! Diffie is sort of what it says it is - it’s a class that focuses on solving differential equations with methods you can do by hand. Most of the class is “learning xx method to solve this kind of equation that comes up a lot,” and the things you have to solve get progressively more difficult/complex over the course of the semester, although the methods may vary in difficulty. 
I think this is a pretty cool class, but like multi, the course can be sort of procedural. In particular, it can be challenging because it often invokes linear concepts to explain why a particular method works it does, but those lines of argument are often the most elegant. This class can also get pretty heavy on the computational side, which can be an issue. 
Homework is mostly based in the textbook, and peter out in frequency as the semester progresses (although their length doesn’t really change/increases a little?). Overall, this is a “straightforward” course in the sense that there’s not as much nuance as some of these other classes, as the focus is generally on solving these problems/why they can be solved that way/when you can expect to find solutions, but that’s not to say it’s not hard. 
Complex: I get really excited when talking about this class, but this is a very difficult one. Dr. Osborne has historically taught this course in the fall. This class is focused on how functions in the complex numbers work, and extending the notions of real-line calculus to them. In particular, as a result of this exploration, you’ll end up with a lot of surprising results that can be applied in a variety of ways, including the evaluation of integrals and sums in unconventional ways. 
In some ways, this class can feel like multi/BC, but with a much higher focus on proofs and why things work the way they do because some of the biggest results you’ll get in the complex numbers will have no relation whatsoever to stuff in BC. Everything is built ground-up, and it can be really easy to be confused by the nuanced details. If you don’t remember anything about complex numbers, fear not! The class has an extra-long first unit for that very purpose, which is disproportionately long compared to the other units (especially the second, which takes twoish weeks, tops). Homework is mostly textbook-based, but there are a couple of worksheets in there (including the infamous Real Integral Sheet :o) 
This course is up there for one of the most rewarding classes I’ve taken at TJ, but it’s a wild ride and you really have to know what things mean and where the nuances are cold. 
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ramanidevi16 · 9 months ago
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Writing about my data
Let's construct a simplified example using Python to demonstrate how you might manage and analyze a dataset, focusing on cleaning, transforming, and analyzing data related to physical activity and BMI. Example Code
```pythonimport pandas as pdimport numpy as npimport seaborn as snsimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt# Sample data creation (replace with your actual dataset loading)np.random.seed(0)n = 100age = np.random.choice([20, 30, 40, 50], size=n)physical_activity_minutes = np.random.randint(0, 300, size=n)bmi = np.random.normal(25, 5, size=n)data = { 'Age': age, 'PhysicalActivityMinutes': physical_activity_minutes, 'BMI': bmi}df = pd.DataFrame(data)# Data cleaning: Handling missing valuesdf.dropna(inplace=True)# Data transformation: Categorizing variablesdf['AgeGroup'] = pd.cut(df['Age'], bins=[20, 30, 40, 50, np.inf], labels=['20-29', '30-39', '40-49', '50+'])df['ActivityLevel'] = pd.cut(df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'], bins=[0, 100, 200, 300], labels=['Low', 'Moderate', 'High'])# Outlier detection and handling for BMIQ1 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.25)Q3 = df['BMI'].quantile(0.75)IQR = Q3 - Q1lower_bound = Q1 - 1.5 * IQRupper_bound = Q3 + 1.5 * IQRdf = df[(df['BMI'] >= lower_bound) & (df['BMI'] <= upper_bound)]# Visualization: Scatter plot and correlationplt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))sns.scatterplot(data=df, x='PhysicalActivityMinutes', y='BMI', hue='AgeGroup', palette='Set2', s=100)plt.title('Relationship between Physical Activity and BMI by Age Group')plt.xlabel('Physical Activity Minutes per Week')plt.ylabel('BMI')plt.legend(title='Age Group')plt.grid(True)plt.show()# Statistical analysis: Correlation coefficientcorrelation = df['PhysicalActivityMinutes'].corr(df['BMI'])print(f"Correlation Coefficient between Physical Activity and BMI: {correlation:.2f}")# ANOVA example (not included in previous blog but added here for demonstration)import statsmodels.api as smfrom statsmodels.formula.api import olsmodel = ols('BMI ~ C(AgeGroup) * PhysicalActivityMinutes', data=df).fit()anova_table = sm.stats.anova_lm(model, typ=2)print("\nANOVA Results:")print(anova_table)```### Explanation:
1. **Sample Data Creation**: Simulates a dataset with variables `Age`, `PhysicalActivityMinutes`, and `BMI`.
2. **Data Cleaning**: Drops rows with missing values (`NaN`).
3. **Data Transformation**: Categorizes `Age` into groups (`AgeGroup`) and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` into levels (`ActivityLevel`).
4. **Outlier Detection**: Uses the IQR method to detect and remove outliers in the `BMI` variable.
5. **Visualization**: Generates a scatter plot to visualize the relationship between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI` across different `AgeGroup`.
6. **Statistical Analysis**: Calculates the correlation coefficient between `PhysicalActivityMinutes` and `BMI`. Optionally, performs an ANOVA to test if the relationship between `BMI` and `PhysicalActivityMinutes` differs across `AgeGroup`.
This example provides a structured approach to managing and analyzing data, addressing aspects such as cleaning, transforming, visualizing, and analyzing relationships in the dataset. Adjust the code according to the specifics of your dataset and research question for your assignment.
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nehatiwari454545-blog · 5 years ago
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Data Mining Techniques for Business Success
Leading data processing Techniques Data mining is AN extremely effective method – with the correct technique. The challenge is selecting the simplest technique for your state of affairs, as a result of there are several to decide on from and a few are higher suited to totally different forms of knowledge than others. therefore what are the key techniques? Classification Analysis This form of study is employed to classify different knowledge in numerous categories. Classification is comparable to agglomeration in this it conjointly segments knowledge records into totally different segments referred to as categories. In classification, the structure or identity of the information is thought. a well-liked example is an e-mail to label email as legitimate or as spam, supported best-known patterns. Clustering The opposite of classification, agglomeration could be a kind of analysis with the structure of the information is discovered because it is processed by being compared to similar data. It deals a lot of with the unknown, not like classification. Anomaly or Outlier Detection This is the method of examining data for errors which will need any analysis and human intervention to either uses the information or discard it. Regression Analysis An applied math method for estimating the relationships between variables that help you perceive the characteristic price of the variable quantity changes. typically used for predictions, it helps to see if anybody of the freelance variables is varied, therefore if you modify one variable, a separate variable is affected. Prediction/Induction Rule This technique is what data processing is all regarding. It uses past knowledge to predict future actions or behaviours. the best example is examining a person’s credit history to form a loan call. Induction is comparable in this it asks if a given the action happens, then another and another once more, then we will expect this result. Summarization Exactly because it sounds, account gift a mode compact illustration of the information set, totally processed and shapely to offer a transparent summary of the results. Sequential Patterns One of the various kinds of data processing, consecutive patterns are specifically designed to get a sequential series of events. it's one in all the a lot of common kinds of mining as knowledge by default recorded consecutive, like sales patterns over the course of on a daily basis.
Decision Tree Learning Decision tree learning is a component of a prophetical model wherever choices are created supported steps or observations. It predicts the worth of a variable supported many inputs. It’s primarily AN overcharged "If-Then" a statement, creating choices on the answers it gets to the question, it asks. Tracking Patterns This is one in all the foremost basic techniques in the data processing. you merely learn to acknowledge patterns in your knowledge sets, like regular will increase and reduces pedestrian traffic throughout the day or week or once sure product tend to sell a lot of typically, like brew on a soccer weekend. Statistical Techniques While most data processing techniques specialize in prediction supported past knowledge, statistics focuses on probabilistic models, specifically illation. In short, it’s way more of an informed guess. Statistics is simply regarding quantifying knowledge, whereas data processing builds models to discover patterns in knowledge. Visualization Data visualisation is that the method of conveyance of title data that has been processed in an exceedingly easy to grasp visual kind, like charts, graphs, digital pictures, and animation. There are a variety of visualisation tools, beginning with Microsoft stands out however conjointly RapidMiner, WEKA, the R artificial language, and Orange. Neural Networks Neural network {data mining|data methoding} is that the process of gathering and extracting knowledge by recognizing existing patterns in an exceeding information mistreatment a man-made neural network. a man-made neural network is structured just like the neural network in humans, wherever neurons are the conduits for the 5 senses. a man-made neural the network acts as a passage for input, however, could be a complicated mathematical equation that processes knowledge instead of feels sensory input. Data repositing You can’t have data processing while not knowledge repositing. knowledge warehouses are the databases wherever structured data resides and is processed and ready for mining. It will the task of sorting knowledge, classifying it, discarding unusable knowledge and fitting data. Association Rule Learning This is a technique to spot fascinating relations and interdependencies between totally different variables in giant databases. this system will assist you to realize hidden patterns within the knowledge that which may not preferably be clear or obvious. It’s typically employed in machine learning. Long-Term Memory process Data processing tends to be immediate and also the results are typically used, stored, or discarded, with new results generated at a later date. In some cases, though, things like call trees aren't designed with one pass of the information however over time, as new knowledge comes in, and also the tree is inhabited and dilated. therefore the long-run process is completed as knowledge is supplementary to existing models and also the model expands. Data Mining Best Practices Regardless of that specific technique you employ, here are key {data mining|data methoding} best practices to assist you to maximize the worth of your process. they'll be applied to any of the fifteen same techniques. Preserve the information. this could be obvious. knowledge should be maintained militantly, and it should not be archived, deleted, or overwritten once processed. You went through heaps of hassle to induce that knowledge ready for generating insight, currently vigilance should be applied to maintenance. Have a transparent plan of what you wish out of the information. This predicates your sampling and modelling efforts, ne'er mind your searches. the primary question is what does one wish out of this strategy, like knowing client behaviours. Have a transparent modelling technique. Be ready to travel through several modelling prototypes as you chop down your knowledge ranges and also the queries you're asking. If you aren’t obtaining the answers you wish, raise them a special manner. Clearly determine the business issues. Be specific, don’t simply say sell a lot of stuff. determine fine-grain problems, confirm wherever they occur within the sale, pre- or post-, and what the matter really is. Look at post-sale additionally. several mining efforts specialize in obtaining the sale however what happens when the sale -- returns, cancellations, refunds, exchanges, rebates, write-offs – are equally necessary as a result of they're a presage to future sales. they assist to spot customers UN the agency is going to be a lot of or less seemingly to form future purchases. Deploy on the front lines. It’s too straightforward to go away the information mining within the company firewall since that’s wherever the warehouse is found and everyone data comes in. however propaedeutic work on the information, before it's sent in, are often tired remote sites, as will the applying of sales, marketing, and client relations models
https://www.bizprospex.com/on-demand-data-mining/
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