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thepastisalreadywritten · 10 months ago

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Princess Catharina-Amalia of the Netherlands

Princess Catharina-Amalia (born 7 December 2003) is the heir to the Dutch throne and is the eldest of King Willem-Alexander and Queen Maxima’s three daughters.

Unusually, the monarchy in The Netherlands has been predominantly female-led, with three Queens reigning in succession from 1890-2013, when Catharina-Amalia’s father became King, so she’s in good company historically.

Unlike her parents who have committed a handful of regrettable gaffes (including going on holiday to Greece during a Covid-19 lockdown), Catharina-Amalia seems to have her finger on the pulse of the nation.

Case in point:

She rejected her rights to a yearly royal allowance when she turned 18, ostensibly because as a student (she’s studying politics, psychology, law, and economics at the University of Amsterdam), she’s not a “working” royal but also because it felt wrong during a cost of living crisis.

Much like Prince William here, the Princess is keen to have a normal university experience and lived in shared housing with other students until she was threatened with kidnap by a criminal gang.

She also attended a public primary school and even worked in a beach bar in The Hague during her summer break.

Like many Gen Z-ers, she has spoken candidly about mental health, revealing she sometimes sees a therapist, and while making no direct comments about it, she was the focus of new legislation that means LGBTQIA+ royals would be able to marry anyone they chose without forfeiting their right to the throne.

The House of Orange is in need of good PR, as its popularity rankings have dropped in recent years, with Catharina-Amalia hopefully just the fresh face it needs.

Princess Elisabeth of Belgium

Princess Elisabeth (born 25 October 2001) will make history when she ascends to the throne as the country’s first Queen Regnant.

A decade before her birth, the primogeniture was altered to allow for female succession, and she will be the first monarch to benefit.

Had it not been changed, her younger brother, Prince Gabriel, would have been the next King.

The 22-year-old is the eldest daughter of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde. She has a second younger brother, Prince Emmanuel.

She spent her formative years in Brussels, before attending “Hippie Hogwarts,” UWC Atlantic College in Wales.

After completing her education, she undertook a year of military training at the Royal Military Academy in Brussels, following in the footsteps of other heirs to the throne.

She’s now studying at Lincoln’s College at Oxford University, where she has competed in the rowing team.

She’s a confident public speaker, having had lots of practice: her first speech was at the age of nine when she opened a children’s hospital named in her honour.

She’s also becoming increasingly recognised for her fashion choices, with reports of the “Elisabeth” effect in Belgium, where her fans rush out to buy what she’s wearing, drawing comparisons to our very own Princess of Wales.

In recent years, Belgium, like many other Western nations, has had to confront its colonial past.

How the Princess decides to acknowledge and apologise for Belgium’s part remains to be seen, but will be vital for how she’s viewed both at home and on the world stage.

Princess Leonor of Spain

The world has been gripped by so-called “Leonormania” in recent weeks, after the heir to the Spanish throne turned 18.

The eldest of King Felipe and Queen Letizia’s two daughters, Princess Leonor (born 31 October 2005) is fast-becoming a national obsession, with her every fashion choice (and potential boyfriend) documented and dissected.

Her rising public profile is in contrast to her closely guarded childhood, during which she made very few public appearances.

After attending primary school in Barcelona, she moved to Wales to complete her education at UWC Atlantic (the same school as Princess Elisabeth of Belgium), where she graduated earlier this year.

She is now enrolled in a military academy undergoing officer training, which will last for three years.

Ahead of her 18th birthday, she presented her inaugural Princess of Asturias Awards, managing to appear decidedly unstarstuck when meeting Hollywood icon Meryl Streep and Japanese author Haruki Murakami.

Much like her father, Leonor will be keen to distance herself from the fiscal scandals of her grandfather, the ex-King Juan Carlos, which also implicated her aunt and uncle, and have played out telenovela-style in Spain over the last decade.

She will do well instead to emulate her mother and grandmother, the beloved Queen Sofia, whose chic style she has already clearly inherited.

In terms of politics, one issue she may have to face head on is the rise of Catalan separatism – an issue that her father made a rare public statement against in 2020 – and which he has been widely criticised on.

Princess Victoria of Sweden (and Princess Estelle)

The 46-year-old Princess Victoria (born 14 July 1977) is another European royal who has benefitted from the modernisation of primogeniture.

In fact, she was second-in-line to the Swedish throne at birth and leapfrogged over her younger brother, Prince Carl Philip, upon the change in the constitution.

It caused something of a controversy at the time, as her father, King Carl XVI Gustaf, objected to the change – not because he didn’t want women to succeed but because of his sympathy towards his son, who was suddenly stripped of his Crown Prince status.

In Sweden, the monarch has even less of a role in public life than in the UK, and as such, King Carl XVI Gustaf has largely kept out of the spotlight.

However, similar to other royals of her generation, Victoria has been more candid about her personal life. She was open about her struggles with anorexia in the 1990s.

Speaking about her experience in 2002, she said:

“I, Victoria, didn’t exist. It felt like everything in my life and around me was controlled by others. The one thing I could control was the food I put in me.”

She leapt to the defence of her now-husband, personal trainer Daniel Westering, when the couple’s early relationship came under close scrutiny.

Princess Victoria’s 11-year-old daughter, Princess Estelle (born 23 February 2012), is next in line to the throne after her mother.

She has similarly benefitted from the change in the law, as she has a younger brother, Prince Oscar.

Commentary in the Swedish press questioned the appropriateness of their match, something which Victoria spoke out against.

#Future European Queens #European Royalty #Princess Catharina-Amalia of the Netherlands #The Netherlands #Dutch Royal Family #Princess Elisabeth of Belgium #Princess Leonor of Spain #Spanish Royal Family #Princess Victoria of Sweden #Princess Estelle of Sweden #Swedish Royal Family #House of Bernadotte #Belgian Royal Family #House of Bourbon #House of Orange-Nassau

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die-greifen · 9 months ago

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who: royal degrees of separation

The imperial, royal, princely and noble families of Europe have been intermarrying for thousands of years. This practice continues to this day, though not as frequently as in times past.

Karolina Augusta I of Mecklenburg is related to all current reigning and most non-reigning houses in Europe. Due to continual intermarriage, she is related to several families through various bloodlines. The lineage connecting her to these houses will be documented here. This is not an exhaustive list.

The closest relation is listed first, followed by any other notable shared ancestors.

REIGNING HOUSES OF EUROPE

Belgium

Karolina Augusta I and Philippe of the Belgians are fourth cousins as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta and Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant are fourth cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Philippe are also descendants of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his second wife Caroline of Baden.

Denmark

Karolina Augusta I and Margrethe II are second cousins once removed as descendants of Friedrich Franz III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his wife Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Prince Frederik are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Margrethe are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, and of King Christian IX of Denmark.

Liechtenstein

Karolina Augusta I and Hans-Adam II are fourth cousins twice removed as descendants of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his second wife Caroline of Baden.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Alois are fifth cousins once removed.

Luxembourg

Karolina Augusta I and Henri of Luxembourg are fourth cousins as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume are fourth cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Henri are also descendants of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his wife Caroline of Baden.

Monaco

Karolina Augusta I and Albert II are fifth cousins as descendants of Florestan I of Monaco and his wife Maria Caroline Gibert de Lametz.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Jacques are fifth cousins once removed.

The Netherlands

Karolina Augusta I and Willem-Alexander are third cousins once removed as descendants of Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his third wife Marie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt.

Karolina Augusta and Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange, are fourth cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Willem-Alexander are also descendants of George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and his first wife Princess Helene of Nassau.

Norway

Karolina Augusta I and Harald V of Norway are third cousins once removed as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina August and Crown Prince Haakon are fourth cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Harald are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Spain

Karolina Augusta I and Felipe VI of Spain are third cousins as descendants of Ernst August, Crown Prince of Hanover and his wife Thyra of Denmark.

Karolina Augusta and Leonor, Princess of Asturias are third cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Felipe are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Sweden

Karolina Augusta I and Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden are third cousins twice removed as descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Princess Victoria are fourth cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Carl XVI Gustaf are also descendants of George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and his first wife Princess Helene of Nassau.

The United Kingdom

Karolina Augusta I and Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom are third cousins once removed as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta I and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh are second cousins twice removed as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta I and Charles, Prince of Wales are third cousins once removed through his father’s descent of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta is fourth cousins to the grandchildren of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.

Karolina Augusta and Elizabeth, and her husband, are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

NON-REIGNING HOUSES OF EUROPE

Austria-Hungary

Karolina Augusta I and Karl von Habsburg are fourth cousins once removed as descendants of King John of Saxony and his wife Amalie Auguste of Bavaria.

Karolina Augusta and Ferdinand Zvonimir are fifth cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Karl are also descendants of Ernst I, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and his wife Princess Feodora of Leiningen.

Baden (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Max, Margrave of Baden second cousins once removed as descendants of Ernst August, Crown Prince of Hanover and his wife Thyra of Denmark.

Karolina Augusta I and Hereditary Prince Bernhard are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta I and Max are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Bulgaria

Karolina Augusta I and Simeon II of Bulgaria are fourth cousins once removed as descendants of King John of Saxony and his wife Amalie Auguste of Bavaria.

Karolina Augusta and Boris, Prince of Turnovo are fifth cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Simeon are also descendants of Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and his second wife Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf.

Greece

Karolina Augusta I and Constantine II of Greece are second cousins once removed as descendants of Ernst August, Crown Prince of Hanover and his wife Thyra of Denmark.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Prince Pavlos are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Constantine are also descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark, and of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Prince Pavlos are also descendants of Friedrich Franz III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his wife Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia.

Hannover (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Ernst August V, Prince of Hannover are second cousins once removed as descendants of Ernst August, Crown Prince of Hannover and his wife Princess Thyra of Denmark.

Karolina Augusta and Ernst August, Hereditary Prince of Hannover are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Ernst August are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Hesse (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse are fourth cousins once removed as descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta I and Moritz, Hereditary Prince of Hesse are fifth cousins.

Hohenlohe-Langenburg (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Philipp, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg are third cousins once removed as descendants of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Max Leopold are fourth cousins.

Hohenzollern (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Karl Friedrich, Prince of Hohenzollern are first cousins once removed as descendants of Karl, 6th Prince of Leiningen and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Kirillovna of Russia.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Alexander are second cousins.

Leiningen (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I is a niece of Andreas, 8th Prince of Leiningen.

Karolina Augusta I and Hereditary Prince Ferdinand are first cousins.

Mecklenburg-Strelitz (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Borwin, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz are fourth cousins once removed as descendants of John of Saxony and his wife Princess Amalia of Bavaria.

Karolina Augusta I and Hereditary Duke Alexander are fifth cousins.

Karolina Augusta I and Borwin, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz’s most recent patrilineal ancestor is Adolf Friedrich I, Duke of Mecklenburg, who died in 1658.

Oldenburg (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Christian, Duke of Oldenburg are first cousins once removed as descendants of Nikolaus, Hereditary Duke of Oldenburg and his wife Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont.

Karolina Augusta I and Hereditary Duke Alexander are second cousins.

Portugal

Karolina Augusta I and Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza are fourth cousins twice removed as descendants of Karl Ludwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and his wife Countess Amalie Henriette of Solms-Baruth.

Karolina Augusta and Afonso, Prince of Beira are fifth cousins once removed.

Prussia (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia are second cousins once removed as descendants of Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia and his wife Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta and Prince Carl Friedrich are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Georg Friedrich are also descendants of Friedrich Franz III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his wife Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia.

Romania

Karolina Augusta I and King Michael I of Romania are second cousins twice removed as descendants of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Princess Margareta are third cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Michael are also descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Russia (Disputed)

Karolina Augusta I and Maria Vladimirovna are first cousins twice removed as descendants of Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia and his wife Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta and Grand Duke George Mikhailovich are second cousins once removed.

Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Andreas, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha are third cousins twice removed descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta and Hubertus, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha are fourth cousins once removed.

Schleswig-Holstein (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Christoph, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein are second cousins once removed as descendants of Friedrich August II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg and his second wife Duchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Friedrich Ferdinand are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Christoph are also descendants of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia.

Waldeck and Pyrmont (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Wittekind, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont are first cousins twice removed as descendants of Friedrich August II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg and his second wife Duchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Carl-Anton are second cousins once removed.

Wied (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Maximilian, 9th Prince of Wied are third cousins as descendants of Friedrich August II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg and his second wife Duchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Yugoslavia/Serbia

Karolina Augusta I and Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia are third cousins once removed as descendants of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia.

Karolina August and Hereditary Prince Peter are fourth cousins.

FUN FACTS

Until 2022, John William Friso, Prince of Orange and Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel were the most recent common ancestors of every reigning royal house.

Albert II of Monaco and Karolina Augusta I of Mecklenburg are the only reigning monarchs who descend from the House of Grimaldi.

The monarchs of the Netherlands, Monaco, and Liechtenstein are the only reigning European monarchs who are not descended from King Christian IX of Denmark or Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

#admin #dg: who

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