#platichthys

[unofficial-sean]

Starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus)

[lord-allo]

Einsiedlerkrebs & Flunder // Flunder-Portrait |  Common hermit crab & European flounder // Flounder portrait

Pagurus bernhardus & Platichthys flesus

[Multimar Wattforum Tönning]

[i-give-you-a-fish]

You get a European Flounder

Platichthys flesus

now whenever you say you dont like a band the first thing people will is ask ‘omg did they do something bad?’ no theyre just kinda ass

[todropscience]

The Baltic flounder (Platichthys solemdali) is a newly-discovered flatfish species, and according to researchers is the first endemic fish known from the Baltic Sea, the description of this new species is published in the journal Frontiers in Marine Science.

- Adult female in dorsal view before fixation. photo by P. Momigliano.

The Baltic flounder has a wide distribution in coastal and bank areas across the region up to the Gulf of Finland and the southern Bothnian Sea. It is found in shallow water on soft and hard bottoms. Adult Baltic flounders measure between 20-25 cm in length. The right-eyed side form is predominant in this species.  

Photo:  Baltic flounder in its environment photo by Mats Westerbom.

Reference (Open Access): Momigliano et al., 2018.  Platichthys solemdali sp. nov. (Actinopterygii, Pleuronectiformes): A New Flounder Species From the Baltic Sea. Front. Mar. Sci

[okaima]

Karelian words - Fish

Šiiga - Common whitefish Coregonus lavaretus  Luudoga - large whitefish during spawning time Kiloi - small whitefish

Nieries, pällä - Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus

Reäpöi - Vendace Coregonus albula Riipuš - unusually large vendace  Heuto - year old vendace Hötti - very small vendace

Ahvena - Common perch Perca fluviatilis  Pörri - small perch  Ahvenpehu - perch that’s lived one summer Torokka, ahventorokka - large perch

Kuuja - Sea/lake trout Salmo trutta trutta Kumša - small trout

Lahna - Common bream Abramis brama  Lahnačču - large bream

Šärgi - Common roach Rutilus rutilus

Haugi - Northern pike Esox lucius  Šulikka - small pike

Kuha, sudakka - Zander Sander lucioperca 

Joršši - Ruffe Gymnocephalus cernua  Jorhoni - small ruffe

Kambalo - European flounder Platichthys flesus Karahkaińe - small flounder

Kivimaima - Three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus

Lohi - Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Śonka - Salmo salar sebago Tinta - small lake salmon, salmon fry  Kojama - large male salmon Roivana - small, thin salmon  Vaĺčoaka - salmon after spawning

Merihäkki - Fourhorn sculpin Myoxocephalus quadricornis

Tröskä - Atlantic cod Gadus morhua

Šäyneä - Ide Leuciscus idus  Neituri - small ide

Maeh, matikka - Burbot Lota lota Läykky - large burbot Liusku - small burbot

[beautifulcentury]

<strong>Drying Flounders in Cranz, 1914. <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/15693951@N00/">by Wolfgang Wiggers</a></strong> <br /><i>Via Flickr:</i> <br />From a glass negative taken by an unidentified german photographer. Negative signed with "July, 10. 1914".

Smoked flounder was a regional delicacy in Cranz, an old prussian fishing village on the coast of the Baltic Sea.

[unofficial-sean]

Fish have anxiety, too, but they don't have to work a job or worry about rent. We have a platichthys stellatus that will spook if you look at him the wrong way. And honestly? Same, little guy, same.

I’m reading the first chapter of my Ichthyology book for homework and so far my favorite quote is:

“Humans are not the pinnacle of evolutionary progress but only an aberrant side branch of fish evolution.”

[janunharmaa]

I didn’t need to draw these for a school project, but I decided that if I’m going to have to include pictures of my (hopefully) future career, I might as well either take photos of them myself, or use my artistic skill to make the pictures.

Pretty happy with the results, considering how quickly I threw these together.

[hamelinbound]

lenorelost said: M. (Black Aggie) [x]

She'd been swimming down for a while now, a trail of bubbles like clouds from their tanks as she floated weightlessly with the other at her side. To Jerrie, it was the best feeling in the world to be here, the cool sea enveloping her in its dreamy green-blue. They'd passed kelp forests in the distance and seen a few fish flitting by (Jerrie made note of them and their scientific names -- Platichthys stellatus, a small school of Oxyjulis californica, Acipenser medirostris).

Under the sea’s spell, it was hard to imagine that Shelly who was less experienced a diver than she’d already been at the ripe old age of twelve-and-a-half may have been a little nervous. Still, she was always mindful of safety measures and did her best to look after her, help carry the photographic equipment, and exchange assuring hand signals on their journey to the underwater graveyard nearly fifty feet below the waves. 

Once there, it was more hauntingly beautiful than she could have ever dreamed. Jerrie made careful and gentle kicks as she finned around the already crumbling statues, green with sea algae and a rich artificial reef to passing creatures. She was going to turn to her buddy as if to ask in a gesture which area she would cover first before one particular statue caught her eye and drew her to her like a siren. 

She was somehow spotless or at least less covered than the others and a darker grey that seemed to shine in the glow of the sea. It was a lady, much like those in the paintings of John William Waterhouse Jerrie loved so with long flowing hair she combed with marble fingers and a long flowing dress of the Artistic movement style. For all intents and purposes, it was as magical to the young girl as if she’d seen a real life mermaid, but the longer she looked at her, the more she was filled with a sense of unease. Her eyes, at first wide and serene, seemed to change and become sadder, then angrier if you turned this way or that. 

Jerrie gestured for Shelly to come and see for herself, wondering what she would make of the figure that stood somewhere between fairytale dream and nightmare, life and bitter death. 

[mutsukiss]

alright some basic concepts that i'm going to explain just in case:

Evolution is the process in which species go through changes to their morphology, behavior or any other heritable characteristics.

A species is a group of organisms that are able to produce fertile offspring AND/OR share similar morphology/behaviour/habitat niche/dna sequence

There is no clear consensus on WHAT an species is and how to organize them because evolution happens slowly over the course of a great number of generations, so clean cut limits cannot be put to this concept. Here's an example:

We have three different species: Coyotes (Canis latrans), grey wolves (Canis lupus) and golden jackals (Canis aureus).

These three animals are a perfect example on how non functional the concept of a species is because they break all of the guidelines needed to follow to clasify a species as independant from the rest.

So all three of these animals are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring, thats the first and most basic requirement a species has. Furthermore, for these animals to interbreed they must share habitat, so that's another common trait. They are morphologically different, but this is a slippery slope as animals belonging to the same species can have extreme differences in morphology (think dog breeds). They share similar or the same behaviors and they are very closely related genetically (reason why they can produce fertile offspring). And still, they are just different enough for us to be able to say ok, this is a jackal, this is a wolf and this a coyote, and theyre similar but I can tell them apart.

So once we know species as a concept is vague and why, here's to what you were asking about. As you said, evolution happens gradually and, most of the time, slowly. This is because the small individual variations need time (and luck) to stack up and become extreme enough they become noticeable, plus they need to eventually extend to the rest of that animal's population. When these changes are noticeable but not enough to classify that group of individuals as a new species theyre put in a subspecies, as a variation of the main/original species. Smaller but clearly diferenciated variations in a subspecies are put together in races. If these variations are not clearly put together in small communities and are just natural variations of the main species theyre called morphs.

What you mention in your post is called rapid evolution/rapid speciation. Sometimes animals will start to divert from their original species in a much much shorter span of time. They may do this in a linear way in which the base species A evolves into species B or they may do this in a much more expansive way called adaptive radiation in which species A evolves into species B, C, D, E, F, G, and so on.

The span of time is still very slow to human standards: what I mentioned before about fishes was about European Flounder (Platichthys flesus) which are believed to have gone through the fastest evolutionary proccess known yet on fishes ∼2,400 generations ago. Here's the paper on this specific case [X]. In 2016 a species of Sickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) was brought to attention as it was noticed it was splitting into two different species "in real time", over the course of the last 150 years. These numbers sound like a lot, because they are!! But in an evolutionary context, this is nothing. These mutations are stacking up and settling in the population dizzingly fast.

So is it possible for one single organism to be born with a large set of mutations, or with one big and drastic mutation, or for it to reproduce like crazy and change the entire species? Yes, kinda, and most animal variation inside a species comes from this kind of situation, but the scale in which this happens is extremely slow, these mutations might occur instead in several individuals that may not be individually identified, and nothing tells you these mutations might even be positive to the species after all, so they could very well pop up for some time and then go extinct.

okay question. so evolution is a million little mutations towards adaption that ripple out into the population over a long period of time, right?

has there ever been a reported case where one specific animal hit the genetics lottery and got like, idk, 10 different evolution mutation points instead of 0.001 and had a very drastic effect on the development speed of the species? like where you could literally trace back modern adaption to some random guy who fucked like a champ 50yrs ago or smtn? or would it at that point be incompatible for reproduction...?

very unlikely, but I figure the dice roll every time a new creature is born so like statistically, EVENTUALLY smtn like that could happen, right?? right..???

[unofficial-sean]

an important meeting and a cozy crab.

[lord-allo]

Flunder | European flounder

Platichthys flesus

[MuzeeAquarium Delfzijl, 04.09.2024]

[evoldir]

Graduate position: EstonianMarineInst.AdaptationOncogenicEnv

APPLY FOR A PHD POSITION IN AN INTERNATIONAL PROJECT! *Pollution and cancer in aquatic environment* We invite candidates to apply for a PhD student position in an international research project focusing on pollution and cancer in aquatic environment. The applicant can have a background in either marine biology, genetics, veterinary science or zoology (we are open to a wide range of backgrounds, as long as the applicant shows promise and enthusiasm). The project will involve field work on the Baltic Sea, laboratory analyses, work with captive fish, and many opportunities for international collaboration and travel. The PhD position will be under Estonian Marine Institute, but with tight collaboration with the Zoology Department at the University of Tartu. Main work will be conducted in Tartu, some work will also take place in Montpellier, France. For more information and applying, please contact Tuul Sepp ( tuul.sepp@gmail.com) and Mathieu Giraudeau (giraudeau.mathieu@gmail.com ). *Deadline for applying is June 1st.* *Title of the project in Estonian: *Reostunud onkogeense veekeskkonnaga seotud kohastumused: kaasaegse evolutsiooni uurimine Läänemeres, kasutades lestasid ja nende rakukultuure *Title of the project in English: *Natural adaptations to oncogenic aquatic environments: a study of contemporary evolution in Baltic Sea, using flounders and their cell lines *Supervisors*: dr. Tuul Sepp (Department of Zoology, University of Tartu), dr. Lauri Saks (Marine Institute, University of Tartu), dr. Mathieu Giraudeau (CNRS; France) *Description of the project: *All multicellular organisms have developed mechanisms to supress malignant processes. Our knowledge of these natural defence mechanisms against cancer is so far limited. A better understanding of adaptations to avoid cancer is crucial for building our understanding of evolution of cancer and finding novel possibilities for the treatment of cancer. Human activities have resulted in large-scale environmental modifications. This unintentionally creates possibilities for using polluted environments as “natural laboratories” for studying the evolution of cancer defence mechanisms. While it is known that organisms that are naturally exposed to environmental pollutants can evolve specific adaptations to cope with pollutants and their adverse effects on fitness, almost no attention has been focused on contemporary natural adaptations to environmental oncogenic factors. *Hypothesis*: In polluted habitats, local adaptation have developed in flounders to overcome the negative physiological effects of environmental oncogenic factors. *Methods*: Baltic Sea is one of the most polluted marine areas in the world. Pollutant levels vary between localities, creating a gradient of more and less polluted habitats. Previous studies have indicated that cancerous lesions are common in flounders (*Platichthys flesus*) living in the Baltic Sea. Flounder is the main target species for monitoring health effects of contamination in North Sea and Baltic Sea since the species is abundant, benthic, and inhabits shallow waters. Stage 1. We will start with an assessment of the prevalence of tumors in flounders from 10-15 Baltic Sea localities differing in pollutant levels. We will conduct histological analyses for confirming cancers. We will assess cellular defence mechanisms against pollution along the gradient of polluted local habitats, using tissue samples collected from the field (immune defences, antioxidant defences and DNA damage). Stage 2. Based on the data collected from the first stage of the project, we will conduct a captive study with flounders originating from differently polluted habitats to assess the plasticity and genetic background of investment in antioxidant and anti-tumor mechanisms in a common garden environment. Stage 3. We will develop cell lines from wild fish to assess the effects of various environmental oncogenic factors on cell functioning and defence mechanisms on the level of gene expression. GIRAUDEAU Mathieu Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC) CNRS, MIVEGEC, UMR5290 911 avenue Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier cedex 5 - FRANCE https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mathieu_Giraudeau Mathieu Giraudeau

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[ruggerorespigo]

The first endemic Baltic Sea fish species received its name

Researchers have discovered and named a new endemic fish species in the Baltic Sea, the 'Baltic flounder,' Platichthys solemdali. Latest Science News -- ScienceDaily https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/07/180711105659.htm

[lettersandra7-blog]

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