#phd admission services

[aimlayblogs]

PhD Admission 2024 in Odisha: Essential Guide & Tips

Embarking on a PhD journey is a significant academic endeavor, and for those considering pursuing a Doctor of Philosophy in Odisha, it's crucial to understand the nuances of the admission process. This guide provides a detailed overview of PhD Admission 2024 in Odisha for the year 2024 in Odisha, including essential aspects such as the admission process, eligibility criteria, entrance exams, and tips for success.

What is a PhD in Odisha?

A PhD, or Doctor of Philosophy, is a research-focused degree that involves deep investigation into a specific field of study. In Odisha, as elsewhere, pursuing a PhD means engaging in original research, contributing to your chosen field, and developing expertise that can lead to academic or professional advancements. Odisha, with its reputable institutions such as Utkal University, Odisha State Open University, and others, offers a range of research opportunities across various disciplines.

Admission Process

Announcement of Admissions: Institutions in Odisha usually release PhD admission notifications in the latter part of the year, typically around October to December. This includes details about the application process, eligibility criteria, entrance exams, and important dates.

Application Submission: Candidates need to submit their applications online or offline depending on the institution’s requirements. The application form generally includes personal details, academic qualifications, research interests, and a proposed research topic.

Entrance Exam and Interview: Most institutions conduct an entrance exam to assess candidates' research aptitude and subject knowledge. Shortlisted candidates are then invited for an interview or presentation of their research proposal.

Final Selection: Based on the entrance exam scores, interview performance, and overall academic credentials, candidates are selected for admission into the PhD program.

Important Dates: PhD Admission 2024 in Odisha

Announcement of Admissions: October 2023 to December 2023

Application Form Release: November 2023 to January 2024

Application Deadline: January 2024 (varies by institution)

Entrance Exam Dates: February to March 2024

Interview Dates: April 2024

Final Admission List: May 2024

Application Form 2024 and How to Apply?

Obtain the Application Form: Application forms are available on the official websites of respective universities or institutions. Some institutions may also provide offline forms at their administrative offices.

Fill Out the Form: Provide accurate personal details, academic qualifications, and research interests. Draft a concise research proposal outlining your intended research, objectives, and methodology.

Submit Required Documents: These typically include copies of academic certificates, a research proposal, proof of identity, and any other documents specified by the institution.

Application Fee: Pay the application fee as prescribed by the institution. Payment methods and fees vary by institution.

Submit the Application: Submit your completed application form either online through the institution’s portal or by post as per the instructions provided.

Eligibility Criteria

Educational Qualification: A Master’s degree in a relevant field with a minimum of 55% marks (or equivalent CGPA) is typically required. Some institutions may offer concessions for reserved category candidates.

Research Proposal: A well-defined research proposal or a statement of research interest is often mandatory.

Work Experience: While not always required, relevant research or professional experience can be advantageous.

Entrance Exam

Purpose: The entrance exam assesses candidates' research aptitude, subject knowledge, and analytical skills.

Format: The exam usually consists of multiple-choice questions (MCQs), short answer questions, and essay-type questions related to the research area.

Preparation: Familiarize yourself with the syllabus and previous years' question papers. Focus on research methodologies, general knowledge, and the specific subject area of your interest.

Selection Criteria

Entrance Exam Performance: A significant portion of the selection is based on the entrance exam scores.

Interview: Performance in the interview, where you present and discuss your research proposal, is critical. This assesses your research capabilities, clarity of thought, and alignment with the department’s research focus.

Academic Records: Previous academic achievements and research experience are considered.

Syllabus

The syllabus for the entrance exam typically covers:

Research Methodology: Basics of research design, data collection, and analysis.

Subject Knowledge: Core concepts and recent developments in the field of study.

General Awareness: Current affairs and general knowledge relevant to the research area.

Tips and Tricks for the PhD Course

Early Preparation: Start preparing well in advance for both the entrance exam and your research proposal. Thoroughly understand the research focus of the institution you are applying to.

Research Proposal: Craft a clear, feasible, and original research proposal. Ensure it aligns with the expertise of potential supervisors at the institution.

Networking: Connect with current PhD students and faculty to gain insights into the program and expectations.

Stay Organized: Keep track of deadlines, required documents, and other important details to avoid last-minute stress.

Balance: Maintain a balance between research work, coursework (if any), and personal life to avoid burnout.

Final Thoughts

Pursuing a PhD is a challenging yet rewarding endeavor. For those looking to undertake this journey in Odisha, understanding the admission process and requirements is crucial. With thorough preparation, a clear research proposal, and an understanding of the entrance exams and selection criteria, you can enhance your chances of securing admission and succeeding in your doctoral studies. Stay informed about important dates, prepare diligently, and embrace the academic challenge ahead.

[wrirkresearch0]

5 Points To Consider While Writing An Effective Conclusion For Your Phd Thesis

Introduction

One of the most important parts of the PhD thesis is the summary and conclusions you draw from your study. It's the final chance you have to make an impact on your readers, who will likely be a panel of professional reviewers, by summarizing your results and tying up any loose ends from your research. In addition to outlining your work, a strong conclusion is where you can highlight the importance of your study and explain how your work has advanced the area. Here are five key considerations for writing a powerful conclusion to your doctoral dissertation:

Summarize key findings: You should start your conclusion with a brief overview of your subject and the issue it presents. The next section provides a Phd Synopsis Presentation of your study's most important results and conclusions. Instead of introducing brand-new material, the conclusion is an opportunity to highlight the most significant findings and contributions made during the thesis. Make sure these results are readily understood by using simple, unambiguous language in your presentation.

Address research objectives: Examine the initial objectives and underlying assumptions of your original thesis. This study has contributed to the attainment of the stated objectives by examining the extent to which our research has facilitated their realization. Additionally, it has evaluated the accuracy of our initial forecasts. The significance and implications of attaining or exceeding these objectives for one's professional field should be underscored.

Reflect on methodology: Provide a succinct description of the thesis methodology employed in your work, highlighting its notable characteristics and limitations. In order to demonstrate intellectual integrity and analytical rigor, it is imperative to engage in a comprehensive examination of any underlying assumptions, constraints, or biases that could have influenced the outcomes of one's research.

Discuss implications, limitations, and future directions: When you discuss your findings in terms of the greater relevance they have, it will help you take them beyond the scope of the particular question that was being investigated in your study. Consider the ways in which your work contributes to the growth of knowledge in your field and the ways in which it could have an influence on future Research Paper Writing, policies, or practices. Put more of your focus on the "so what" component of your research, which addresses the question of why anyone should care about what you've learnt.

Every study has its own set of constraints, and acknowledging those constraints requires both self-awareness and honesty on the part of the researcher. The limits of your study need to be highlighted, regardless of whether they apply to the technique of the study, the data from the study, or something else entirely. You should also offer further research routes that could expand upon your results and fill up these gaps. As a consequence of this, it is abundantly evident that the findings of your research make a contribution to an on going discussion.

End with a Clear and Memorable Closing Statement: Make sure your last sentence is crystal clear and memorable to your readers. In a single sentence, sum up why your study is important and what you want readers to remember. It might be an inspiring quotation, a question that prompts more consideration, or a call to action for further study or implementation of your discoveries.

In addition to these five essential components, be sure to have an academic and professional tone throughout the whole of your conclusion and for this you can take help from Wrirk. It is important to avoid adding additional references or citations in this part, since its primary emphasis should be on summarizing and synthesizing the previous work, you have done.

Conclusion

There is more to writing an excellent conclusion for your PhD thesis than just reviewing the research you have done. It is a chance to reflect on the relevance of your work, accept its shortcomings, and stimulate more study and development in your subject. You can guarantee that your thesis has an enduring influence on your audience by adhering to these principles and meticulously constructing your conclusion. This will also allow you to make a relevant contribution to the field in which you are engaged in research.

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[intellects1-linkup]

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[careeducation20]

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[studyabroad21]

PHD Abroad: Course, Eligibility, Scholarship, Universities

Pursuing a Ph.D. abroad is a significant and rewarding endeavor that can open up a world of opportunities for personal and professional growth. Here are some key points to consider when thinking about pursuing a Ph.D. abroad:

Research and Choose Your Destination: The first step in pursuing a Ph.D. abroad is to identify your field of study and the research area that interests you. Once you have a clear focus, research universities and academic institutions known for their strengths in your chosen field. Consider factors like the quality of faculty, available resources, and the university's reputation.

Scholarships and Funding: International tuition fees can be high, but many universities offer scholarships, grants, and financial aid to international Ph.D. students. Explore these options and apply for as many as you're eligible for to alleviate the financial burden.

Language Proficiency: In many cases, you may need to provide proof of your proficiency in the language of instruction in the host country, often English. This typically involves taking standardized language tests like the TOEFL or IELTS.

Admission Requirements: Understand the specific admission requirements for each university or country. This may include academic transcripts, letters of recommendation, a research proposal, and standardized test scores like the GRE. Ensure you meet all these requirements and deadlines.

Visa and Immigration: Research the visa and immigration requirements for the country you plan to study in. Be prepared to provide the necessary documentation and meet any financial requirements for a student visa.

Cultural Adaptation: Studying abroad often means immersing yourself in a different culture. Be open to learning about and adapting to the local customs, traditions, and way of life. It can be a rich and rewarding experience.

Networking: Building a network of peers, mentors, and colleagues in your chosen field is crucial. Attend conferences, seminars, and workshops, and actively engage in your academic community.

Housing and Living Arrangements: Consider where you'll live and how you'll support yourself during your Ph.D. program. Many universities offer on-campus housing, but you might also explore off-campus options.

Healthcare and Insurance: Research the healthcare system in your host country and ensure you have appropriate health insurance coverage during your stay.

Prepare for Challenges: Studying abroad can be challenging, from dealing with homesickness to facing academic pressures. Seek support from your university's international student services and maintain a strong support system.

Plan for Your Future: Think about what you want to achieve with your Ph.D. abroad. Are you looking to continue in academia, enter industry, or explore other career paths? Your goals will shape your research and networking efforts.

Enjoy the Experience: Pursuing a Ph.D. abroad is not just about academic growth. It's an opportunity for personal development and cultural enrichment. Take time to explore and enjoy the new experiences and opportunities in your host country.

[studyabroad1224]

PHD Abroad: Course, Eligibility, Scholarship, Universities

A Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) abroad is a transformative journey that opens doors to unparalleled academic opportunities, personal growth, and international experiences. The decision to pursue a Ph.D. overseas is a significant one, often characterized by a mix of excitement and apprehension. This article aims to shed light on the various aspects of undertaking a Ph.D. abroad and why it can be a fulfilling and enriching experience.

World-Class Education: One of the primary reasons individuals opt for a Ph.D. abroad is access to world-class education. Renowned universities in countries like the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and many European nations are home to cutting-edge research facilities, esteemed faculty members, and diverse academic communities. These institutions offer a vast array of research fields and interdisciplinary opportunities, ensuring that you can find the perfect program to match your academic interests.

Research Opportunities: Pursuing a Ph.D. abroad provides access to state-of-the-art research facilities and resources. Many international universities have strong ties with industry, which can lead to exciting collaborative research opportunities. Additionally, you may find yourself working on groundbreaking projects alongside top researchers in your field.

Multicultural Environment: Studying abroad exposes you to a rich tapestry of cultures, ideas, and perspectives. Interacting with students and scholars from diverse backgrounds fosters a global mindset and enhances your ability to work in multicultural teams, a skill highly valued in today's global job market.

Language Proficiency: If you choose to study in a country where the primary language is different from your native language, you'll have the opportunity to improve your language skills significantly. This can be an invaluable asset both academically and professionally.

Networking: Building a global network of peers and mentors is an invaluable part of a Ph.D. abroad. The connections you make during your studies can open doors to collaborative research projects, job opportunities, and lifelong friendships.

Personal Growth: Beyond academics, pursuing a Ph.D. abroad is a journey of personal growth. Living in a foreign country, you'll become more self-reliant and adaptable, honing essential life skills that will serve you well throughout your career and life.

Funding Opportunities: Many countries offer scholarships, grants, and financial aid to international Ph.D. students. These opportunities can make studying abroad more affordable and reduce the financial burden of pursuing a doctorate degree.

Career Prospects: A Ph.D. from a reputable international university can significantly enhance your career prospects. Employers often value the global perspective, research skills, and cultural adaptability gained during overseas Ph.D. programs.

Cultural Enrichment: Living in a different country provides the chance to explore new cuisines, traditions, and lifestyles. It's an opportunity for personal enrichment and a broader perspective on the world.

Contribution to Knowledge: Ultimately, a Ph.D. abroad allows you to contribute to the global pool of knowledge. Your research can have a meaningful impact on your field and society as a whole. However, it's essential to acknowledge that pursuing a Ph.D. abroad also comes with its share of challenges, such as adjusting to a new culture, managing finances, and balancing academic and personal life. Additionally, the application process can be competitive and demanding.

[studyabroad64]

PHD Abroad: Course, Eligibility, Scholarship, Universities

Studying for a PhD abroad is a significant academic and personal undertaking that can open up exciting opportunities for intellectual growth, research collaboration, and cultural immersion. Here are some key considerations and benefits of pursuing a PhD abroad: Academic Excellence: Many universities and research institutions abroad are globally renowned for their academic rigor and excellence in specific fields. By pursuing a PhD abroad, you have the opportunity to learn from leading experts in your field and gain exposure to cutting-edge research and methodologies. Diverse Perspectives: Studying abroad allows you to engage with scholars and students from various cultural backgrounds. This exposure to diverse perspectives can enrich your research and broaden your understanding of global issues. Collaborating with international peers can also foster valuable networking connections and provide opportunities for future collaborations. Research Opportunities: Depending on your field of study, certain countries may offer unique research opportunities that are not available in your home country. Access to specialized facilities, equipment, or archives can significantly enhance the quality and depth of your research. Additionally, studying abroad may expose you to research topics and approaches that are different from what you would encounter in your home country. Language and Cultural Immersion: Studying abroad provides the chance to immerse yourself in a different language and culture. This experience can be personally enriching, expanding your worldview and enhancing your intercultural communication skills. It can also be advantageous if your research requires language proficiency or if you plan to pursue academic or professional opportunities in that country in the future. Career Advancement: A PhD from an internationally recognized institution can boost your career prospects both within academia and beyond. Employers often value the skills developed during a PhD, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, research abilities, and project management. Additionally, having international experience can demonstrate adaptability, cultural competence, and a global perspective, all of which are highly valued in today's interconnected world. Before embarking on your PhD journey abroad, it's important to consider practical aspects such as financial implications, visa requirements, healthcare, and accommodation. It's also crucial to thoroughly research potential supervisors, institutions, and funding opportunities to ensure a good fit for your research interests and goals. Overall, pursuing a PhD abroad offers a unique and transformative experience that can broaden your intellectual horizons, expand your professional network, and provide valuable skills and knowledge for your future career.

[education112434]

Study Abroad Consultants: Top Universities, Scholarships and Counselling

Studying for a Ph.D. abroad can be an enriching and rewarding experience for those who aspire to pursue advanced research and academic careers. It offers numerous benefits, including exposure to diverse perspectives, access to cutting-edge facilities and resources, and the opportunity to collaborate with renowned scholars in your field of study. If you are considering pursuing a Ph.D. abroad, here are some key aspects to consider:

Research and University Selection: Start by identifying universities that have strong programs in your field of interest. Look for institutions that align with your research goals and have faculty members who are experts in your area of study. Consider factors such as the university's reputation, research facilities, funding opportunities, and any specific criteria or prerequisites for international applicants.

Funding and Scholarships: Financing your Ph.D. studies abroad can be a crucial aspect to consider. Look for scholarships, grants, and funding options available for international students. Many universities and external organizations offer scholarships specifically for international Ph.D. students. Thoroughly research and apply for these opportunities well in advance to increase your chances of securing financial support.

Language Proficiency: Depending on the country and university you choose, you may need to demonstrate proficiency in the local language. Some countries offer Ph.D. programs in English, while others require knowledge of the native language. If you need to improve your language skills, consider enrolling in language courses or taking proficiency tests such as TOEFL or IELTS.

Application Process: Understand the application requirements and procedures for the universities you're interested in. This typically involves submitting an application form, academic transcripts, letters of recommendation, a statement of purpose, and sometimes a research proposal. Make sure to adhere to deadlines and provide all necessary documentation to increase your chances of acceptance.

Visa and Immigration: Research the visa requirements and procedures of the country where you plan to pursue your Ph.D. Each country has its own rules and regulations regarding student visas. Contact the appropriate embassy or consulate for detailed information and ensure you have enough time to complete the visa application process.

Cultural Adjustment: Moving to a new country can be both exciting and challenging. Familiarize yourself with the local culture, customs, and traditions of your destination. Understand the educational system and academic culture to better integrate into the research community. Seek support services offered by the university, such as international student offices, to help you with the transition and settle into your new environment.

Networking and Collaboration: Take advantage of the opportunity to build connections and collaborate with fellow researchers, faculty members, and peers from diverse backgrounds. Engage in academic conferences, seminars, and workshops to expand your network and gain exposure to different research perspectives. Such collaborations can enhance your research and open doors for future career opportunities.

Personal and Professional Growth: Pursuing a Ph.D. abroad is not only about academic development but also personal growth. It offers a chance to develop resilience, adaptability, and cross-cultural communication skills. Living in a different country exposes you to new experiences, broadens your horizons, and fosters a global mindset, which can be valuable assets in both your academic and professional life.

Remember, studying for a Ph.D. is a significant commitment, requiring dedication, perseverance, and passion for research. Be prepared to invest several years of your life in your chosen field of study, and ensure that your decision to pursue a Ph.D. abroad aligns with your long-term academic and career goals.

[sumit326]

PHD Admission Abroad Consultants | Study PhD In USA - Collegepond

The doctorate is one of the most prestigious and highly respected degrees in the world, particularly in the fields of academia and research. Due to the wide variety of subjects and top-notch facilities, nations like the USA, UK, Canada, and others are extremely popular among PhD students. A research-oriented mentality seeks innovation and constantly aspires to contribute something original and creative to the field and society. A diverse research environment, like those seen in top American universities, is essential to fostering this kind of innovation.

To help you realize your dream of pursuing a Doctorate overseas, Collegepond will assist you in choosing a location and university based on the availability of scholarships and research career prospects. The growth you'll encounter when obtaining a PhD exceeds any expectations. Our career counselors at Collegepond will advise you based on your requirements, profile, and research prospects, whether you want to pursue a Doctorate in the USA or another country. Also, you can get help from our coaching services to get ready for necessary examinations like the GRE, IELTS, TOEFL, or PTE.

Our qualified counselors can assist you with everything from writing a compelling statement of purpose, resume, and letters of recommendation to correctly filling out the application form, obtaining financial aid, receiving visa counseling, and more. They have decades of combined industry experience. Our comprehensive services ensure that you are on the right path to earning your PhD from the foreign institution of your dreams. Your aspirations are our main priority, and we work tirelessly to be of the most assistance to you.

[survivalist-anon]

Log 2: Living Under a Rock

It's been a week since my drop-off at the hospital....no surprise I've been having trouble sleeping, I got some work leave from my boss at the nature reserve.....god damn I'm fucking tired.

Local folks both new to the town and old friends have been pandering for questions.

Some of the local middle schoolers kept fallowing me to my work place asking me about the metal guy. I simply told them I shot him in the eye, than he exploded.....I wasn't expecting those annoying brats to tell other kids about it. Obviously the local pastor (Mark) has been sending his goons to come to my cabin to convince me to come to church for the sake of saving my soul and all that "lovely" jazz. I told them I literally may have met the devil, shot him in the eye, exploded , and now he's dead and thus to leave me alone.

Some folks are a little more respectful and just ask me about more personal things. Got recommended a therapist who just moved to town named Miss Jenny Oakley, nice lady, smiles all the time and has an impressive 3 PhDs in psychology and mental health medication. She's been helping me get through the whole thing and believes I'll be able to make a speedy recovery. She trusts my resolve and that's good in my book.

....now "Newly appointed Deputy" Jeff (my ex-boyfriend) apparently thinks he can just give me the presidential treatment. He keeps following my car EVERYWHERE. I feel like nuisance now this has happened, people keep staring at me when Jeff just follows me at this point. You'd think after our falling out he'd have the self respect to be a little less...creepy about it. He's stopped by my cabin to keep checking up on me....I wonder if he thinks it's going to be like in the movies where estranged lovers get back together if something happens....jokes on him... I do not need a guy who has tried to convince me to move to Ohio and insult my family's cultural background to boot. Asshole.

Anyways, I've been hanging out at this new coffee shop that's just opened up...it's cozy, sells actual homemade pastries and the coffee is pretty good. Finally, a nice third place. I've noticed more people around my age go there too .... however I've noticed one group constantly eyeing me from across the shop every time I go...they call themselves the "Marine Spotters"...I have no fucking idea what that intels, one of them came up to my table, had the audacity to sit down in front of me like he knew me.....

"So..........you saw one?", the unshaven neck beard asked.

".......you know you could have asked to sit down and I would have said yes but fine go off Gabe Newell.", I'm not usually this hostile but things have gotten tense for while....I wouldn't blame anyone for being upset at me for it either.

"heheh very funny, anyway, my name is Benedict Grabowski. I'm the local expert in these "big metal men "....I see based on your description you've seen a "Black Legion" marine. A level 3 on the danger scale and are quite rare in these parts.", he adjusts his glasses. "The fact you even survived a harrowing encounter with one is without a doubt a life achievement and a free ticket admission to our organization!", handing me a business card with some edgy cartoon spaceman, it had his phone number, email address and an actual address...it was the abandoned mineral mine not too far from the animal reserve I work at....

"I hope your membership will prove to be of great use to us.", concluding with a smug look on his jolly face.

I sat there ready to throw this guy from window I was seated next to....but I'm certain the shop owners wouldn't be too pleased.

".....why the .org?"

He acted confused, "I beg your pardon?".

"...the .org....on your email address....you don't work for the Tillamook station do you? I told them I don't know shit.", took a frustrated sip of my coffee.

He laid back, "well...I...what one would call....a "white hat hacker"....my services in online server hacking, government surveillance and hehe...not to brag...a national code cracking champion of the Tokyo Code Breaker competition. I actually am...not a huge fan of our corporate federal overlords and I only desire for their inevitable downfall through me tanking their stocks."...

I literally was sitting across to a felon....

"so ..with your epic survival skills, my tech mastery and my collaborators", he points to his original table of collected individuals; a heavyset goth girl, the kid of one of the local beef farmers and one creepy guy I remember being the weird kid in highschool.

"Hi Steven.", I wave to him.

"Hi Lorey!", he waves and gives his creepy grin that in through literally means nothing to me. He does it for a cheap bit that I'm certain Jeff already knows and is dieing to catch him for something.

By this point Benedict was actually shocked I knew Steven. "What?! I thought you just moved here!"

I chuckled a little, "I use to live here, I know the area rather well but it's changed a bit since I was last here back in 2003. Also....what the shit is this all about?". I point to the business card.

His shocked expression transforms back into that stupid 'big shot cool guy' look. "Well, we spot those big metal men. Turns out....these anomalous entities are actually appearing throughout the whole planet. All of them of variety and....motives....". He looks around, takes out a folder of the ever lovable 'blurry photographic evidence' one would expect looking for cryptids. "Behold. Humanoids who walk amongst us!".

Im staring at the photos, one struck me to my core ....the big black and bronze one I saw being blown to chunks...the one that killed Grandpa.

"ah...I see...so it was that one.", leaning towards me closer....I can smell the fucking butter from his croissant he ate at his table. "If you need us...call us....", he decided to leave a second card....ok....."anyway, surprised?"

I was a lot more than surprised....I must have been living under a rock...."yeah....I am."

After that I decided to go home. On the ride back, I couldn't help but wonder if Benedict was telling the truth... about them being everywhere...that's a scary thought in all honesty.

I get out my car and took one long glance at my Grandpa's cabin. His only inheritance to my mom. When I said the funeral was a mess, it was an absolute garbage fire because on the same day we had his will reading. His most valuable possession in his will was this cabin, and boy was my aunt pissed she didn't get the property. At least Mom had the last laugh, anyway....as I was remembering that day....I noticed something that sent shivers up and down my spine.

A blood trail....it looked like it came from the forest behind the property, up the steps and on to my doormat. I get out of the car, cautiously, for I all know whom ever left this bloody mess is close by.

It was a huge leather sack, sealed tight with...a red wax in the opening. It was leaking a lot, I was hesitant to open it, but the blood smelt familiar. "....it can't be....", I tore off the hard wax, the gamey stink of deer was permeating throughout the porch. Opening the sack, I saw what could be weeks worth of meat. I was stunned! All nicely cut and cleaned ...I tried lifting the sack without getting some blood on me...failed...and brought it to the cellar freezer. As I placed the meat in the freezer, I saw there was a note on the bag I hadn't noticed....it was a handwritten note for certain....but I had no idea what was written on it. Again, Nordic ruins were present...but it was mixed with another language...I took medieval history a short while back and had the privilege of almost learning how to read medieval texts....it was close to it...and yet... completely unreadable for me.

I set the note on a table and save it for later.

Everything has been so strange lately.

The hours pass, and I finally decided to do some digging....this has to be some...real life ARG or something....it's either a dedicated group of cosplayers....or... something is really out there...it's so uncanny....

End of log 2

@kit-williams

[covid-safer-hotties]

Also preserved in our archive

By John Jesitus

A population-based study has shown a slightly elevated risk for patients’ developing skin disorders, including alopecia areata (AA), alopecia totalis (AT), vitiligo, and bullous pemphigoid (BP), more than 6 months after COVID-19 infection. In addition, the authors reported that the COVID-19 vaccination appears to reduce these risks.

The study was published in JAMA Dermatology on November 6.

‘Compelling Evidence’ “This well-executed study by Heo et al. provides compelling evidence to support an association between COVID-19 infection and the development of subsequent autoimmune and autoinflammatory skin diseases,” wrote authors led by Lisa M. Arkin, MD, of the Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison, Wisconsin, in an accompanying editorial.

Using databases from Korea's National Health Insurance Service and the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, investigators led by Yeon-Woo Heo, MD, a dermatology resident at Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea, compared 3.1 million people who had COVID-19 with 3.8 million controls, all with at least 180 days’ follow-up through December 31, 2022.

At a mean follow-up of 287 days in both cohorts, authors found significantly elevated risks for AA and vitiligo (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.11 for both), AT (aHR, 1.24), Behçet disease (aHR, 1.45), and BP (aHR, 1.62) in the post-COVID-19 cohort. The infection also raised the risk for other conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (aHR, 1.14) and Crohn’s disease (aHR, 1.35).

In subgroup analyses, demographic factors were associated with diverse effects: COVID-19 infection was associated with significantly higher odds of developing AA (for both men and women), vitiligo (men), Behçet disease (men and women), Crohn’s disease (men), ulcerative colitis (men), rheumatoid arthritis (men and women), systemic lupus erythematosus (men), ankylosing spondylitis (men), AT (women), and BP (women) than controls.

Those aged under 40 years were more likely to develop AA, primary cicatricial alopecia, Behçet disease, and ulcerative colitis, while those aged 40 years or older were more likely to develop AA, AT, vitiligo, Behçet disease, Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, and BP.

Additionally, severe COVID-19 requiring intensive care unit admission was associated with a significantly increased risk for autoimmune diseases, including AA, psoriasis, BP, and sarcoidosis. By timeframe, risks for AA, AT, and psoriasis were significantly higher during the initial Delta-dominant period.

Vaccination Effect Moreover, vaccinated individuals were less likely to develop AA, AT, psoriasis, Behçet disease, and various nondermatologic conditions than were those who were unvaccinated. This finding, wrote Heo and colleagues, “may provide evidence to support the hypothesis that COVID-19 vaccines can help prevent autoimmune diseases.”

“That’s the part we all need to take into our offices tomorrow," said Brett King, MD, PhD, a Fairfield, Connecticut-based dermatologist in private practice. He was not involved with the study but was asked to comment.

Overall, King said, the study carries two main messages. “The first is that COVID-19 infection increases the likelihood of developing an autoimmune or autoinflammatory disease in a large population.” The second and very important message, he added, is that being vaccinated against COVID-19 provides protection against developing an autoimmune or autoinflammatory disease.

“My concern is that the popular media highlights the first part,” said King, “and everybody who develops alopecia areata, vitiligo, or sarcoidosis blames COVID-19. That’s not what this work says.”

The foregoing distinction is especially important during the fall and winter, he added, when people getting influenza vaccines are routinely offered COVID-19 vaccines. “Many patients have said, ‘I got the COVID vaccine and developed alopecia areata 6 months later.’ Nearly everybody who has developed a new or worsening health condition in the last almost 5 years has had the perfect fall guy — the COVID vaccine or infection.”

With virtually all patients asking if they should get an updated COVID-19 vaccine or booster, he added, many report having heard that such vaccines cause AA, vitiligo, or other diseases. “To anchor these conversations in real data and not just anecdotes from a blog or Facebook is very useful,” said King, “and now we have very good data saying that the COVID vaccine is protective against these disorders.”

George Han, MD, PhD, associate professor of dermatology at the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell in Hempstead, New York, applauds investigators’ use of a large, robust database but suggests interpreting results cautiously. He was not involved with the study but was asked to comment.

“You could do a large, well-done study,” Han said, “but it could still not necessarily be generalizable. These autoimmune conditions they’re looking at have clear ethnic and racial biases.” Heo and colleagues acknowledged shortcomings including their study population’s monomorphic nature.

Additional issues that limit the study’s impact, said Han, include the difficulty of conceptualizing a 10%-20% increase in conditions that at baseline are rare. And many of the findings reflected natural patterns, he said. For instance, BP more commonly affects older people, COVID-19 notwithstanding.

Han said that for him, the study’s main value going forward is helping to explain a rash of worsening inflammatory skin disease that many dermatologists saw early in the pandemic. “We would regularly see patients who were well controlled with, for example, psoriasis or eczema. But after COVID-19 infection or a vaccine (usually mRNA-type), in some cases they would come in flaring badly.” This happened at least a dozen times during the first year of post-shutdown appointments, he said.

“We’ve seen patients who have flared multiple times — they get the booster, then flare again,” Han added. Similar patterns occurred with pyoderma gangrenosum and other inflammatory skin diseases, he said.

Given the modest effect sizes of the associations reported in the Korean study, Arkin and colleagues wrote in their JAMA Dermatology editorial that surveillance for autoimmune disease is probably not warranted without new examination findings or symptoms. “For certain,” King said, “we should not go hunting for things that aren’t obviously there.”

Rather, Arkin and colleagues wrote, the higher autoimmunity rates seen among the unvaccinated, as well as during the Delta phase (when patients were sicker and hospitalizations were more likely) and in patients requiring intensive care, suggest that “interventions that reduce disease severity could also potentially reduce long-term risk of subsequent autoimmune sequelae.”

Future research addressing whether people with preexisting autoimmune conditions are at greater risk for flares or developing new autoimmune diseases following COVID-19 infection “would help to frame an evidence-based approach for patients with autoimmune disorders who develop COVID-19 infection, including the role for antiviral treatments,” they added.

The study was supported by grants from the Research Program of the Korea Medical Institute, the Korea Health Industry Development Institute, and the National Research Foundation of Korea. Han and King reported no relevant financial relationships. Arkin disclosed receiving research grants to her institution from Amgen and Eli Lilly and Company, personal fees from Sanofi/Regeneron for consulting, and personal consulting fees from Merck outside the submitted work. Another author reported personal consulting fees from Dexcel Pharma and Honeydew outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.

Study Link: jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/article-abstract/2825849 (PAYWALLED)

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Pursuing a PhD abroad offers an exciting opportunity for individuals to engage in advanced research, collaborate with renowned scholars, and immerse themselves in a vibrant academic environment. This proposal outlines a study plan for pursuing a PhD program abroad, highlighting the benefits of international research, the selection of an appropriate university, funding considerations, and the potential impact of the research. Benefits of International Research: Studying for a PhD abroad provides several unique advantages. It allows students to access diverse perspectives, global research networks, and cutting-edge facilities. Engaging in international research exposes students to different cultures, ideas, and methodologies, fostering a broader understanding of their field of study. Moreover, the international experience enhances cross-cultural communication skills and opens doors to future collaborations and career opportunities. Selecting an Appropriate University: Choosing the right university for a PhD program abroad is a crucial decision. The proposal will discuss the criteria for selecting an appropriate university, such as its academic reputation, research facilities, faculty expertise, and available resources. Factors like the university's research focus, funding opportunities, and potential for collaboration with industry partners will also be considered. The proposal will outline the process of evaluating and shortlisting universities that align with the research interests and goals of the student. Funding Considerations: Financing a PhD program abroad can be a significant concern. The proposal will address various funding options available to international students, such as scholarships, grants, assistantships, and research funding. It will explore both university-specific and external funding opportunities, including governmental and private sector sponsorships. The proposal will emphasize the importance of early planning and thorough research to secure adequate financial support for the duration of the PhD program. Potential Impact of the Research: The proposal will articulate the potential impact of the proposed research within the international academic community and beyond. It will highlight how the research can address existing gaps in knowledge, contribute to theoretical frameworks, and offer practical solutions to real-world challenges. By demonstrating the relevance and potential impact of the research, the proposal aims to generate interest and support from potential supervisors, funding agencies, and university admissions committees. Conclusion: In conclusion, pursuing a PhD program abroad offers numerous benefits and opportunities for intellectual growth and professional development. This study proposal has outlined the benefits of international research, the criteria for selecting an appropriate university, funding considerations, and the potential impact of the research. By carefully considering these aspects and developing a strong research plan, individuals can embark on a fulfilling and successful PhD journey abroad, making significant contributions to their field of study and broadening their academic horizons.