#parameterized queries

[thedbahub]

Connecting SQL Statements to C#: Traceability Techniques for Seamless Integration

In the realm of software development, traceability plays a crucial role in ensuring the integrity and maintainability of your codebase. When it comes to connecting SQL statements to C# code, implementing effective traceability techniques becomes even more essential. In this article, we’ll explore practical T-SQL code examples and applications that demonstrate how to establish a robust connection…

[flipping-the-coin]

For Optimus Prime. What's your favorite things about Ratchet?

[[TRANSMISSION RECEIVED: SUBJECT = QUERY…. SCANNING…. 99% THREAT LEVEL NULL = NO THREAT LEVEL CATAGORIZATION: REROUTING…. SECONDARY SCANS COMPLETE: TRANSMISSION = WITHIN PARAMETERES]]

[[TRANMISSION FORWARDED…. RECEIVED = SEEN]]

[[//RESPONSE IN PROGRESS… RESPONSE COMPLETE: TRANSMISSION SENT//]]

═════════════════

Admittedly this is an unexpected query. I would have thought such a question would be directed toward my host, but I am not opposed to answering. There are many things I find appealing about Ratchet. I could never hope to put a name to all the little pleasantries and habits of his that draw me to him. However if I were to pick out the things that I love most about him, there are only a few traits that I feel fit to be called my 'favorite'.

Firstly there are the purely physical traits of his that catch my optics. I will never find any other as lovely as Ratchet's frame. I do not wish to be... graphic. As such I will simply state that I have always found his sturdy but well sculpted legs to be of great appeal. There is power there that I one day hope to see put to good use outside of his medical duties, perhaps when I am no longer as unsettled by any and all physical interaction. His servos are also a part of him I greatly adore. He has so much strength behind his every action, and yet his movements are calculated and restrained. His touches are light when he is with me and precise when he repairs wounds. When he holds my servo in his, I feel safe and I know that no matter what happens, he will be able to make things right in word or deed. He always has. Of course as much as I adore every other part of him, his optics will always come to my mind alongside that which I have already listed. I am unsure if optics are seen fondly in other courtships, but I love to see Ratchet's whenever I can. Such a deep and very mortal blue hue... I can never get enough of the emotion and the unspoken words behind his every glance. If I could, I would watch for as long as time allows, hoping that the loving blue of his optics could wash away the chill of the white that haunts mine.

As for the other things about him that I could call my favorite? I would have to say his disposition. He is far older than I am, and yet he has the spark of a mech fresh out of training, at least when he wants to showcase his passion. He can love so deeply and put so much of his mind, body, and spark into that which he cares for. It is inspiring to watch him devote his everything to that which he holds dear, including me. I struggle to accept the affection when it is offered, but he is always there to aid me and care for me, helping me when I need it most. He deals with my fear with the patience of Primus himself and always seems to know just what I need even when I do not. Despite all that, he is also capable of projecting his age old wisdom when required. I look up to him when his emotions do not cloud his judgement. He is a mech with so many experiences weighing down his spark, and I cannot help but love him all the more when he takes the lead and shows his skill. He may be a doctor, but when I see him in those moments, the mech that stands before me is a leader Cybertron could have used long before my creation. He has his shortcomings in his wrath and bitterness, but his loyalty and love will always drown those poor qualities out in my mind. I cannot put into words how much I adore him and his devotion. All I can say is that I would give anything to be around him forever, even if only as a phantom just so I could see his spark blaze free and true.

The final aspect of my beloved I can safely say falls into the category of 'favorite' would have to be how he is with our sparkling. One would think that Ratchet matches the textbook descriptor of a Sire right down to the letter. But I beg to differ. I have seen him during the war raising our little warrior, and while outwardly he may appear to act as a Sire, I know Ratchet and what his actions mean. The tender way in which he always held Bumblebee near to his spark chamber, singing a unique song that even I do not know. The manner in which he always methodically tucked Bee into his cradle when he was small, ensuring the mobile above spun at just the correct speed. The methods of which he employed to make sure that Bee's energon was always properly balanced in nutrients. There is so much I could see during those times, so many small things that might have seemed like mere protectiveness or the inclinations of a doctor that really showed his true colors. Ratchet is a Nurturer deep down, and I always adored seeing his gruff yet loving way of showing it. My personal favorite memory of him allowing himself to indulge in his Nurturer coding was shortly after Bumblebee came into our lives. I was doing all I could to care for him with the aid of my host, but we were insufficient when war required my attention. I recall desperately trying to find someone trustworthy to take care of our dear sparkling when Bee began to cry. I could not hear amidst the noise in my workspace, but when I finally came out from the meeting I was engaged in, I found Ratchet there.

He was at the edge of Bumblebee's cradle, singing so gently and with such love that I nearly found myself doubling over in renewed longing. His smile was soft and wistful, belonging to a far younger mech, one untouched by war and blessed with the adoration only a Caretaker could have. Ratchet held out a single digit, allowing Bumblebee to hold it as he dozed off into recharge yet again. It touched my spark, and to this cycle I hold it close to myself. I adore how much Ratchet loves, how much he puts into me, Bumblebee, and the others. The songs he sang to our dozing sparkling, the way he always remained patient with me, and the determination in which he endured my long absence will forever draw me to him, reaffirming my affections.

I want nothing more for Ratchet to be happy. He is such a core part of my life and my past that I do not belief I could ever find it in my spark to be truly angry with him. He was there when no others were, he was dutiful when the rest of the world passed him by, and while I fear for him and the fragility of his mind, I love him more than the world itself. I can never give him everything I want to, my station does not permit it...

But if I were mortal... if I were not confined by the will of the world and the demands of my nature, I would take him away from all of this. I would show him the wonders of the universe and bask him in the passions of my spark. This I would give and so much more.

If I were only mortal.

═════════════════

[[TRANSMISSION SENDER = OPTIMUS PRIME = PRIME OF CYBERTRON: LEADER OF THE AUTOBOTS: PRIMUS’S ANGEL: SAVIOR OF CYBERTRON: LOREKEEPER: SIRE]]

[[TRANSMISSION END]]

[sqlinjection]

How to Prevent

Preventing injection requires keeping data separate from commands and queries:

The preferred option is to use a safe API, which avoids using the interpreter entirely, provides a parameterized interface, or migrates to Object Relational Mapping Tools (ORMs). Note: Even when parameterized, stored procedures can still introduce SQL injection if PL/SQL or T-SQL concatenates queries and data or executes hostile data with EXECUTE IMMEDIATE or exec().

Use positive server-side input validation. This is not a complete defense as many applications require special characters, such as text areas or APIs for mobile applications.

For any residual dynamic queries, escape special characters using the specific escape syntax for that interpreter. (escaping technique) Note: SQL structures such as table names, column names, and so on cannot be escaped, and thus user-supplied structure names are dangerous. This is a common issue in report-writing software.

Use LIMIT and other SQL controls within queries to prevent mass disclosure of records in case of SQL injection.

bonus question: think about how query on the image above should look like? answer will be in the comment section

[pentesttestingcorp]

SQL Injection in RESTful APIs: Identify and Prevent Vulnerabilities

SQL Injection (SQLi) in RESTful APIs: What You Need to Know

RESTful APIs are crucial for modern applications, enabling seamless communication between systems. However, this convenience comes with risks, one of the most common being SQL Injection (SQLi). In this blog, we’ll explore what SQLi is, its impact on APIs, and how to prevent it, complete with a practical coding example to bolster your understanding.

What Is SQL Injection?

SQL Injection is a cyberattack where an attacker injects malicious SQL statements into input fields, exploiting vulnerabilities in an application's database query execution. When it comes to RESTful APIs, SQLi typically targets endpoints that interact with databases.

How Does SQL Injection Affect RESTful APIs?

RESTful APIs are often exposed to public networks, making them prime targets. Attackers exploit insecure endpoints to:

Access or manipulate sensitive data.

Delete or corrupt databases.

Bypass authentication mechanisms.

Example of a Vulnerable API Endpoint

Consider an API endpoint for retrieving user details based on their ID:

from flask import Flask, request import sqlite3

app = Flask(name)

@app.route('/user', methods=['GET']) def get_user(): user_id = request.args.get('id') conn = sqlite3.connect('database.db') cursor = conn.cursor() query = f"SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = {user_id}" # Vulnerable to SQLi cursor.execute(query) result = cursor.fetchone() return {'user': result}, 200

if name == 'main': app.run(debug=True)

Here, the endpoint directly embeds user input (user_id) into the SQL query without validation, making it vulnerable to SQL Injection.

Secure API Endpoint Against SQLi

To prevent SQLi, always use parameterized queries:

@app.route('/user', methods=['GET']) def get_user(): user_id = request.args.get('id') conn = sqlite3.connect('database.db') cursor = conn.cursor() query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?" cursor.execute(query, (user_id,)) result = cursor.fetchone() return {'user': result}, 200

In this approach, the user input is sanitized, eliminating the risk of malicious SQL execution.

How Our Free Tool Can Help

Our free Website Security Checker your web application for vulnerabilities, including SQL Injection risks. Below is a screenshot of the tool's homepage:

Upload your website details to receive a comprehensive vulnerability assessment report, as shown below:

These tools help identify potential weaknesses in your APIs and provide actionable insights to secure your system.

Preventing SQLi in RESTful APIs

Here are some tips to secure your APIs:

Use Prepared Statements: Always parameterize your queries.

Implement Input Validation: Sanitize and validate user input.

Regularly Test Your APIs: Use tools like ours to detect vulnerabilities.

Least Privilege Principle: Restrict database permissions to minimize potential damage.

Final Thoughts

SQL Injection is a pervasive threat, especially in RESTful APIs. By understanding the vulnerabilities and implementing best practices, you can significantly reduce the risks. Leverage tools like our free Website Security Checker to stay ahead of potential threats and secure your systems effectively.

Explore our tool now for a quick Website Security Check.

[idiosys1]

10 security tips for MVC applications in 2023

Model-view-controller or MVC is an architecture for web app development. As one of the most popular architectures of app development frameworks, it ensures multiple advantages to the developers. If you are planning to create an MVC-based web app solution for your business, you must have known about the security features of this architecture from your web development agency. Yes, MVC architecture not only ensures the scalability of applications but also a high level of security. And that’s the reason so many web apps are being developed with this architecture. But, if you are looking for ways to strengthen the security features of your MVC app further, you need to know some useful tips.

To help you in this task, we are sharing our 10 security tips for MVC applications in 2023! Read on till the end and apply these tips easily to ensure high-security measures in your app.

1. SQL Injection: Every business has some confidential data in their app, which needs optimum security measures. SQL Injection is a great threat to security measures as it can steal confidential data through SQL codes. You need to focus on the prevention of SQL injection with parameterized queries, storing encrypted data, inputs validation etc.

2. Version Discloser: Version information can also be dangerous for your business data as it provides hackers with your specific version information. Accordingly, they can attempt to attack your app development version and become successful. Hence, you need to hide the information such as the server, x-powered-by, x-sourcefiles and others.

3. Updated Software: Old, un-updated software can be the reason for a cyber attack. The MVC platforms out there comprise security features that keep on updating. If you also update your MVC platform from time to time, the chances of a cyber attack will be minimized. You can search for the latest security updates at the official sites.

4. Cross-Site Scripting: The authentication information and login credentials of applications are always vulnerable elements that should be protected. Cross-Site Scripting is one of the most dangerous attempts to steal this information. Hence, you need to focus on Cross-Site Scripting prevention through URL encoding, HTML encoding, etc.

5. Strong Authentication: Besides protecting your authentication information, it’s also crucial to ensure a very strong authentication that’s difficult to hack. You need to have a strong password and multi-factor authentication to prevent unauthorized access to your app. You can also plan to hire security expert to ensure strong authentication of your app.

6. Session Management: Another vital security tip for MVA applications is session management. That’s because session-related vulnerabilities are also quite challenging. There are many session management strategies and techniques that you can consider such as secure cookie flags, session expiration, session regeneration etc. to protect access.

7. Cross-Site Request Forgery: It is one of the most common cyber attacks MVC apps are facing these days. When stires process forged data from an untrusted source, it’s known as Cross-Site Request Forgery. Anti-forgery tokens can be really helpful in protecting CSRP and saving your site from the potential danger of data leakage and forgery.

8. XXE (XML External Entity) Attack: XXE attacks are done through malicious XML codes, which can be prevented with the help of DtdProcessing. All you need to do is enable Ignore and Prohibit options in the DtdProcessing property. You can take the help of your web development company to accomplish these tasks as they are the best at it.

9. Role-Based Access Control: Every business has certain roles performed by different professionals, be it in any industry. So, when it comes to giving access to your MVC application, you can provide role-based access. This way, professionals will get relevant information only and all the confidential information will be protected from unauthorized access.

10. Security Testing: Finally, it’s really important to conduct security testing on a regular basis to protect business data on the app from vulnerability. Some techniques like vulnerability scanning and penetration testing can be implied to ensure regular security assessments. It’s crucial to take prompt actions to prevent data leakage and forgery as well.

Since maintaining security should be an ongoing process rather than a one-time action, you need to be really proactive with the above 10 tips. Also, choose a reliable web development consulting agency for a security check of your website or web application. A security expert can implement the best tech stack for better security and high performance on any website or application.

[archronova]

Security in Project (7/9+)

7\\ SECURE CODING

Implementasi secure coding akan melibatkan serangkaian praktik dan tindakan untuk mengurangi risiko keamanan dalam pengembangan perangkat lunakyang makin hari ancamannya makin ngga masuk akal... -.-" dimulai dari :

Training ke pengembang mis. pada pencegahan serangan injeksi SQL, kerentanan Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), dan praktik penggunaan parameterized queries.

Lalu specific recommendations, bisa ditemukan dengan manfaatkan kerangka kerja (framework) keamanan yang ada, seperti OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) Top 10. Framework ini mencakup daftar kerentanan yang umum terjadi dan memberikan pedoman tentang bagaimana menghindari atau melindungi terhadap kerentanan tersebut.

Lalu jangan lupa, Code review yang rajin. Jangan males.. apalagi klo sistem dah jalan. Minimal klo nganggur ya mbok bugfix.

[harmonyos-next]

What is HarmonyOS NEXT - RelationalStore?

Relational databases provide a universal operational interface for applications, with SQLite as the persistent storage engine at the underlying level, supporting the database features of SQLite, including but not limited to transactions, indexes, views, triggers, foreign keys, parameterized queries, and precompiled SQL statements.

Applicable scenarios: In scenarios where complex relational data is stored, such as the student information of a class, which needs to include names, student IDs, subject grades, etc., or the employee information of a company, which needs to include names, job IDs, positions, etc. Due to the strong correspondence between data, the complexity is higher than that of key value data. In this case, a relational database needs to be used to persistently store the data.

constraint qualification ·The default logging mode of the system is WAL (Write Ahead Log) mode, and the default disk dropping mode is FULL mode. ·There are 4 read connections and 1 write connection in the database. When a thread obtains a free read connection, it can perform a read operation. When there is no free read connection and there is a free write connection, the write connection will be used as a read connection. ·To ensure data accuracy, the database can only support one write operation at a time. ·After the application is uninstalled, the relevant database files and temporary files on the device will be automatically cleared. ·Basic data types supported by ArkTS side: number、string、 Binary type data boolean。 ·To ensure successful insertion and reading of data, it is recommended that one piece of data should not exceed 2M. Exceeding this size, insertion successful, read failed.

Basic concepts: ·Predicate: A term used in a database to represent the properties, characteristics, or relationships between data entities, primarily used to define the operating conditions of the database. ·Result set: refers to the set of results obtained by the user after querying, which can be accessed for data. The result set provides a flexible way of accessing data, making it easier for users to obtain the data they want.

code example SQLiteUtil [code] export default class SQLiteUtil { static getCreateTableSql(tableName: string, columns: ColumnInfo[]): string { let sql = CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ${tableName} (; columns.forEach((element, index) => { if (index == 0) { //Splicing the first element, default as primary key sql += ${element.name} ${DataType[element.type]} PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,; } else if (index == columns.length - 1) { //Last element concatenation statement sql += ${element.name} ${DataType[element.type]} NOT NULL);; } else { sql += ${element.name} ${DataType[element.type]} NOT NULL,; } }); return sql; } }

export interface ColumnInfo { name: string; type: DataType; }

export enum DataType { NULL = 'NULL', INTEGER = 'INTEGER', REAL = 'REAL', TEXT = 'TEXT', BLOB = 'BLOB' } [/code] RelationalStoreService [code] import SQLiteUtil, { ColumnInfo, DataType } from '../ChicKit/data/SQLiteUtil' import relationalStore from '@ohos.data.relationalStore' import { common } from '@kit.AbilityKit'; import Logger from '../utils/Logger'; import AppError from '../models/AppError'; import Schedule from '../entities/Schedule'; import { BusinessError } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit'; import { ValuesBucket, ValueType } from '@ohos.data.ValuesBucket'; import { DataModel } from '../ChicKit/data/DataModel'; import Target from '../entities/Target'; import Plan from '../entities/Plan';

const RelationalStoreName = 'shijianxu.db'

export default class RelationalStoreService { static rdbStore: relationalStore.RdbStore;

/**

Initialize relational database

@param context */ static init(context: common.UIAbilityContext) { // RelationalStore configuration let storeConfig: relationalStore.StoreConfig = { // Database file name name: RelationalStoreName, //security level securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S1 } relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, storeConfig, (err, store) => { if (err) { Logger.error(RelationalStoreService init error, error=${JSON.stringify(new AppError(err))}) return; } else { RelationalStoreService.rdbStore = store RelationalStoreService.createScheduleTable() RelationalStoreService.createTargetTable() RelationalStoreService.createPlanTable() } }); } /**

Create schedule table */ static createScheduleTable() { //Table Fields const columns: ColumnInfo[] = Schedule.getColumns() // Retrieve the SQL statement for creating a table const sql = SQLiteUtil.getCreateTableSql(Schedule.TableName, columns) // Create Data Table RelationalStoreService.rdbStore.executeSql(sql, (err) => { if (err) { Logger.error(RelationalStoreService createScheduleTable error, error=${JSON.stringify(new AppError(err))}) return; } }); } /**

Create target table */ static createTargetTable() { //表字段 const columns: ColumnInfo[] = Target.getColumns() // 获取创建表SQL语句 const sql = SQLiteUtil.getCreateTableSql(Target.TableName, columns) // 创建数据表 RelationalStoreService.rdbStore.executeSql(sql, (err) => { if (err) { Logger.error(RelationalStoreService createTargetTable error, error=${JSON.stringify(new AppError(err))}) return; } }); } /**

Create plan table */ static createPlanTable() { //表字段 const columns: ColumnInfo[] = Plan.getColumns() // 获取创建表SQL语句 const sql = SQLiteUtil.getCreateTableSql(Plan.TableName, columns) // 创建数据表 RelationalStoreService.rdbStore.executeSql(sql, (err) => { if (err) { Logger.error(RelationalStoreService createPlanTable error, error=${JSON.stringify(new AppError(err))}) return; } }); } /**

insert data

@param tableName

@param values */ static insert(tableName: string, values: ValuesBucket) { RelationalStoreService.rdbStore.insert(tableName, values, (err: BusinessError, rowId: number) => { if (err) { Logger.error(RelationalStoreService insert error, error=${JSON.stringify(new AppError(err))}) return; } else { return rowId } }) } /**

delete

@param predicates

@returns delete count */ static delete(predicates: relationalStore.RdbPredicates):number{ return RelationalStoreService.rdbStore.deleteSync(predicates) } /**

update

@param values

@param predicates

@returns update count */ static update(values: ValuesBucket,predicates: relationalStore.RdbPredicates):number{ let rows: number = RelationalStoreService.rdbStore.updateSync(values, predicates, relationalStore.ConflictResolution.ON_CONFLICT_REPLACE); return rows } static querySync(predicates: relationalStore.RdbPredicates, columns: ColumnInfo[]): DataModel[] { let dataList: DataModel[] = [] try { let columnsStringArray: string[] = [] columns.forEach(element => { columnsStringArray.push(element.name) }); const resultSet = RelationalStoreService.rdbStore.querySync(predicates, columnsStringArray) resultSet.columnNames // resultSet.getColumnName('') // resultSet.getValue() //循环处理结果,循环条件：当所在行不是最后一行 while (!resultSet.isAtLastRow) { //去往下一行 resultSet.goToNextRow() let schedule: DataModel = {} columns.forEach(element => { switch (element.type) { case DataType.INTEGER: schedule[element.name] = resultSet.getLong(resultSet.getColumnIndex(element.name)) break; case DataType.REAL: schedule[element.name] = resultSet.getDouble(resultSet.getColumnIndex(element.name)) break; case DataType.TEXT: schedule[element.name] = resultSet.getString(resultSet.getColumnIndex(element.name)) break; case DataType.BLOB: schedule[element.name] = resultSet.getBlob(resultSet.getColumnIndex(element.name)) break; } }) dataList.push(schedule) } } catch (err) { Logger.error(RelationalStoreService querySync error, error=${JSON.stringify(new AppError(err))}) } return dataList } } [/code]

[learning-code-ficusoft]

Innovations in Data Orchestration: How Azure Data Factory is Adapting

Introduction

As businesses generate and process vast amounts of data, the need for efficient data orchestration has never been greater. Data orchestration involves automating, scheduling, and managing data workflows across multiple sources, including on-premises, cloud, and third-party services.

Azure Data Factory (ADF) has been a leader in ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) and data movement, and it continues to evolve with new innovations to enhance scalability, automation, security, and AI-driven optimizations.

In this blog, we will explore how Azure Data Factory is adapting to modern data orchestration challenges and the latest features that make it more powerful than ever.

1. The Evolution of Data Orchestration

🚀 Traditional Challenges

Manual data integration between multiple sources

Scalability issues in handling large data volumes

Latency in data movement for real-time analytics

Security concerns in hybrid and multi-cloud setups

🔥 The New Age of Orchestration

With advancements in cloud computing, AI, and automation, modern data orchestration solutions like ADF now provide:  ✅ Serverless architecture for scalability  ✅ AI-powered optimizations for faster data pipelines  ✅ Real-time and event-driven data processing  ✅ Hybrid and multi-cloud connectivity

2. Key Innovations in Azure Data Factory

✅ 1. Metadata-Driven Pipelines for Dynamic Workflows

ADF now supports metadata-driven data pipelines, allowing organizations to:

Automate data pipeline execution based on dynamic configurations

Reduce redundancy by using parameterized pipelines

Improve reusability and maintenance of workflows

✅ 2. AI-Powered Performance Optimization

Microsoft has introduced AI-powered recommendations in ADF to:

Suggest best data pipeline configurations

Automatically optimize execution performance

Detect bottlenecks and improve parallelism

✅ 3. Low-Code and No-Code Data Transformations

Mapping Data Flows provide a visual drag-and-drop interface

Wrangling Data Flows allow users to clean data using Power Query

Built-in connectors eliminate the need for custom scripting

✅ 4. Real-Time & Event-Driven Processing

ADF now integrates with Event Grid, Azure Functions, and Streaming Analytics, enabling:

Real-time data movement from IoT devices and logs

Trigger-based workflows for automated data processing

Streaming data ingestion into Azure Synapse, Data Lake, or Cosmos DB

✅ 5. Hybrid and Multi-Cloud Data Integration

ADF now provides:

Expanded connector support (AWS S3, Google BigQuery, SAP, Databricks)

Enhanced Self-Hosted Integration Runtime for secure on-prem connectivity

Cross-cloud data movement with Azure, AWS, and Google Cloud

✅ 6. Enhanced Security & Compliance Features

Private Link support for secure data transfers

Azure Key Vault integration for credential management

Role-based access control (RBAC) for governance

✅ 7. Auto-Scaling & Cost Optimization Features

Auto-scaling compute resources based on workload

Cost analysis tools for optimizing pipeline execution

Pay-per-use model to reduce costs for infrequent workloads

3. Use Cases of Azure Data Factory in Modern Data Orchestration

🔹 1. Real-Time Analytics with Azure Synapse

Ingesting IoT and log data into Azure Synapse

Using event-based triggers for automated pipeline execution

🔹 2. Automating Data Pipelines for AI & ML

Integrating ADF with Azure Machine Learning

Scheduling ML model retraining with fresh data

🔹 3. Data Governance & Compliance in Financial Services

Secure movement of sensitive data with encryption

Using ADF with Azure Purview for data lineage tracking

🔹 4. Hybrid Cloud Data Synchronization

Moving data from on-prem SAP, SQL Server, and Oracle to Azure Data Lake

Synchronizing multi-cloud data between AWS S3 and Azure Blob Storage

4. Best Practices for Using Azure Data Factory in Data Orchestration

✅ Leverage Metadata-Driven Pipelines for dynamic execution  ✅ Enable Auto-Scaling for better cost and performance efficiency  ✅ Use Event-Driven Processing for real-time workflows  ✅ Monitor & Optimize Pipelines using Azure Monitor & Log Analytics  ✅ Secure Data Transfers with Private Endpoints & Key Vault

5. Conclusion

Azure Data Factory continues to evolve with innovations in AI, automation, real-time processing, and hybrid cloud support. By adopting these modern orchestration capabilities, businesses can:

Reduce manual efforts in data integration

Improve data pipeline performance and reliability

Enable real-time insights and decision-making

As data volumes grow and cloud adoption increases, Azure Data Factory’s future-ready approach ensures that enterprises stay ahead in the data-driven world.

WEBSITE: https://www.ficusoft.in/azure-data-factory-training-in-chennai/

[daniiltkachev]

Securing PHP applications: Advanced techniques for preventing common vulnerabilities

This article delves into advanced security practices for PHP applications, focusing on input validation, CSRF protection, and secure session management to mitigate common vulnerabilities and enhance application security.Discover how to fortify your PHP applications against common threats with advanced security techniques.Introduction to PHP Application Security In the digital age, securing web applications is paramount, especially for those built with PHP, a language that powers a significant portion of the web. PHP applications are often targeted by attackers due to their widespread use and the potential vulnerabilities that can arise from improper coding practices. This article explores advanced techniques to safeguard PHP applications, focusing on three critical areas: input validation, CSRF protection, and secure session management. Input Validation: The First Line of Defense Input validation is crucial in preventing a wide array of attacks, including SQL injection, XSS (Cross-Site Scripting), and command injection. By ensuring that only properly formatted data is processed by your application, you can significantly reduce the risk of these vulnerabilities. PHP offers several functions and filters for input validation, such as filter_var() and htmlspecialchars(), which can be used to sanitize user inputs effectively. For example, to prevent SQL injection, always use prepared statements with parameterized queries. Here's a simple example using PDO (PHP Data Objects): $stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = :email'); $stmt->execute(); $user = $stmt->fetch(); This approach ensures that the input is treated as a parameter and not as part of the SQL command, thereby preventing attackers from injecting malicious SQL code. CSRF Protection: Safeguarding Against Unauthorized Actions Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is an attack that tricks the victim into submitting a malicious request. It exploits the trust that a site has in the user's browser. To prevent CSRF attacks, it's essential to implement anti-CSRF tokens. These tokens are unique, secret, and unpredictable values that are generated by the server-side application and embedded within forms. When the form is submitted, the server verifies the token to ensure the request is legitimate. Here's how you can implement a basic CSRF token mechanism in PHP: session_start(); if (empty($_SESSION)) { $_SESSION = bin2hex(random_bytes(32)); } $csrf_token = $_SESSION; Include this token in your forms as a hidden field and validate it upon form submission to protect against CSRF attacks. Secure Session Management: Keeping User Data Safe Session management is another critical aspect of PHP application security. Poor session handling can lead to session hijacking and fixation attacks. To enhance session security, always regenerate the session ID after a successful login and use secure, HttpOnly cookies to store session IDs. Additionally, implement session expiration and enforce HTTPS to encrypt data in transit. Here’s an example of secure session handling in PHP: session_start(); if (!isset($_SESSION)) { session_regenerate_id(true); $_SESSION = true; } This code regenerates the session ID to prevent session fixation and marks the session as initiated to avoid unnecessary regeneration. Conclusion Securing PHP applications requires a comprehensive approach that addresses various potential vulnerabilities. By implementing robust input validation, CSRF protection, and secure session management, developers can significantly enhance the security of their applications. It's crucial for developers to stay updated with the latest security practices and continuously audit their code for potential vulnerabilities. Remember, security is not a one-time task but an ongoing process. Read the full article

[flipping-the-coin]

For optimus and ratchet; how often do you think about kissing?

[[TRANSMISSION RECEIVED: SUBJECT = QUERY…. SCANNING…. 99% THREAT LEVEL NULL = NO THREAT LEVEL CATAGORIZATION: REROUTING…. SECONDARY SCANS COMPLETE: TRANSMISSION = WITHIN PARAMETERES]]

[[TRANMISSION FORWARDED…. RECEIVED = SEEN]]

[[//RESPONSE IN PROGRESS… RESPONSE COMPLETE: TRANSMISSION SENT//]]

═════════════════

I am... not the most comfortable answering this query. However I will state rather simply that I consider it far more often than I likely should be. It is not fitting for a Prime, not when my world still remains largely in ruins and its people fighting for order. Yet I cannot help but find my beloved alluring at inopportune times.

I am aware he is one of the oldest functioning mecha on Cybertron, and thus his frame is neither youthful or particularly in line with current trends. Despite that, I adore him. There is nothing about him I could ever find in my spark to despise. I almost always want to lean down to press kisses to his face and jaw when I see him in the halls. When he is stressed I constantly wish to touch every crease and exposed seam to ease him, especially when he is at his desk and trying to drink his concerns into oblivion. I want to bask him in my affection and smother his worries with my love. I would give anything to hold him in my arms during council meetings and kiss him until it all fades away. But of course, that is not acceptable, and it never will be.

It is most difficult to keep my mind away from his alluring derma when I am dealing with paperwork. It is an impossible task to perform such mind numbing work and not think about far more pleasant things. More than once I have found myself... warmer than I should be when left for cycles at a time to my own devices. I crave Ratchet's affection and his touch, and yet it is not mine to have... not now, not while I am still needed. Until times change, I can only give him a small portion of what my spark longs to offer.

I will forward your query to Ratchet so that he may answer as well should he feel so inclined.

═════════════════

[[TRANSMISSION SENDER = OPTIMUS PRIME = PRIME OF CYBERTRON: LEADER OF THE AUTOBOTS: PRIMUS’S ANGEL: SAVIOR OF CYBERTRON: LOREKEEPER: SIRE]]

[[RESPONSE ENCRYPTED: ANCIENT SCRIPT IDENTIFIED: QUERY FORWARDED... RECEIVED... SEEN]]

[[//RESPONSE IN PROGRESS… RESPONSE COMPLETE: TRANSMISSION SENT//]]

═════════════════

You are rather nosy aren't you anonymous? Evidently Optimus thinks so too considering his response has been encrypted. However since he has forwarded me your not at all subtle prod at our personal lives, I assume Optimus would like for me to answer.

Very well, here is your answer.

If I am totally honest, I think about him whenever I am not occupied with anything more pressing. He is the most gorgeous mech I have ever laid optics on. The only runner up I can think of would have to be Deadlock. That mech was a piece of work, but he had quite a few of the traits I find so appealing in Optimus. Quite frankly I have not gone one cycle without thinking about kissing Optimus. He deserves it and it gets him out of his processors. Not to mention he is surprisingly good at it despite having no real experience. There is something electric about kissing him. Can you blame me for wanting to seek that feeling out more?

He's so uncertain when I finally get a moment to snag a kiss from him, but I can tell he enjoys it too. Our little moments are wonderful and I only wish they could come more often. It is almost impossible to not march over and kiss him when he is in his full primal garb. I don't think Optimus has ever looked more stunning than when the Chaplains and their assistants get him looking like a true demi-god. So far I have only gotten one kiss out of him when he is dressed up, but that was by far one of the best. Optimus is more confident when he is adorned fittingly for his station, not to mention Paradox always applies a little bit of tinted shiner to Optimus's derma when he gets my Prime ready. I don't know if he does it just to make Optimus more appealing or to bother me, but whatever the case, I thank him for it.

If I had the power I would steal Optimus away and kiss him until I am physically unable. But as Optimus loves to say "duty comes first". Slagging duty...

I hope that answers your query.

═════════════════

[[TRANSMISSION SENDER = RATCHET OF IACON = PRIMAL STEWARD: CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER: WAR VETERAN: HONORARY MILITARY OFFICAL: NURTURER]]

[[TRANSMISSION ENDS]]

[sqlinjection]

SQLi Potential Mitigation Measures

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use a vetted library or framework that prevents this weakness or makes it easier to avoid. For example, persistence layers like Hibernate or Enterprise Java Beans can offer protection against SQL injection when used correctly.

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Parameterization

Use structured mechanisms that enforce separation between data and code, such as prepared statements, parameterized queries, or stored procedures. Avoid constructing and executing query strings with "exec" to prevent SQL injection [REF-867].

Phases: Architecture and Design; Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code with the minimum privileges necessary for the task [REF-76]. Limit user privileges to prevent unauthorized access if an attack occurs, such as by ensuring database applications don’t run as an administrator.

Phase: Architecture and Design

Duplicate client-side security checks on the server to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass client checks by altering values or removing checks entirely, making server-side validation essential.

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Output Encoding

Avoid dynamically generating query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data. If unavoidable, use strict allowlists, escape/filter characters, and quote arguments to mitigate risks like SQL injection (CWE-88).

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Assume all input is malicious. Use strict input validation with allowlists for specifications and reject non-conforming inputs. For SQL queries, limit characters based on parameter expectations for attack prevention.

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

For limited sets of acceptable inputs, map fixed values like numeric IDs to filenames or URLs, rejecting anything outside the known set.

Phase: Implementation

Ensure error messages reveal only necessary details, avoiding cryptic language or excessive information. Store sensitive error details in logs but be cautious with content visible to users to prevent revealing internal states.

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall to detect attacks against weaknesses in cases where the code can’t be fixed. Firewalls offer defense in depth, though they may require customization and won’t cover all input vectors.

Phases: Operation; Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

In PHP, avoid using register_globals to prevent weaknesses like CWE-95 and CWE-621. Avoid emulating this feature to reduce risks. source

[pitangent25]

How Symfony Software Development Enhances Web Performance and Security?

In today’s digital era, businesses need web applications that are not only feature-rich but also high-performing and secure. Symfony, a leading PHP framework, has become a preferred choice for web application development due to its robust architecture, performance optimization features, and advanced security mechanisms. Let’s explore how Symfony software development enhances web performance and security. 

Performance Optimization with Symfony

1. Efficient Caching Mechanism

Symfony’s built-in caching system ensures that web applications load faster and use fewer server resources. It supports multiple caching methods such as HTTP caching, application caching, and OPcache integration, reducing redundant computations and improving response times. 

2. Code Reusability and Modularity

Symfony is designed around reusable components and a modular architecture. This reduces the need for redundant code, making the application lightweight and improving execution speed. Developers can integrate only the necessary components, ensuring optimized performance. 

3. Autoloading and Dependency Injection

Symfony uses an efficient autoloading system that eliminates the need to manually include files. Additionally, its powerful dependency injection container reduces memory consumption, allowing applications to run faster with fewer resources. 

4. Database Optimization 

Symfony’s Doctrine ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) optimizes database queries by reducing unnecessary calls and enabling query caching. This ensures faster data retrieval and better database performance. 

5. Built-in Debugging and Profiling Tools 

Symfony’s debugging tools, such as the Web Debug Toolbar and Profiler, help developers identify performance bottlenecks. By optimizing slow queries and refining application logic, Symfony ensures enhanced application speed and efficiency. 

Enhancing Security with Symfony 

1. Secure Authentication and Authorization 

Symfony offers a built-in security system that provides robust authentication and authorization mechanisms. It supports multi-factor authentication, OAuth, JWT, and LDAP integrations, ensuring secure user access and preventing unauthorized logins. 

2. Protection Against Common Web Threats 

Symfony is designed to protect applications from common security threats, including: 

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): It automatically escapes output to prevent malicious script injections. 

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF): Symfony includes built-in CSRF protection to safeguard forms from unauthorized requests. 

SQL Injection Prevention: By using Doctrine ORM, Symfony prevents direct SQL injections by implementing parameterized queries. 

3. Secure Data Encryption 

Symfony supports data encryption mechanisms such as bcrypt and Argon2 hashing for password storage. It also enables secure transmission of sensitive data using SSL/TLS protocols. 

4. Regular Security Updates and Community Support 

Symfony has an active community and a dedicated security team that continuously monitors vulnerabilities and releases regular updates and patches. This ensures applications remain secure against evolving cyber threats. 

Conclusion

Symfony software development is an excellent choice for businesses looking to build high-performing and secure web applications. With its powerful caching mechanisms, optimized database queries, and security-focused architecture, Symfony ensures enhanced web performance and protection against cyber threats. By leveraging Symfony’s capabilities, businesses can deliver fast, scalable, and secure web applications, ensuring a seamless user experience.

[pentesttestingcorp]

How to Prevent NoSQL Injection in Laravel Apps: A Step-by-Step Guide

Introduction

In modern web development, NoSQL databases like MongoDB offer flexibility and scalability. However, they also introduce unique security challenges, one of the most critical being NoSQL injection attacks.

This article explores how these attacks can affect Laravel applications and provides practical coding examples to help prevent them.

What Is NoSQL Injection?

NoSQL injection is a type of attack where an attacker manipulates queries sent to a NoSQL database to access or modify unauthorized data. Unlike traditional SQL injection, NoSQL injection exploits the query language and structure of NoSQL databases.

How NoSQL Injection Affects Laravel Applications

Laravel is a popular PHP framework that supports multiple database types, including NoSQL databases like MongoDB through extensions. Unfortunately, if developers use unsanitized user input in their queries, it opens the door for potential injection attacks.

Example Scenario: Vulnerable Login Function

Consider a Laravel application using MongoDB to authenticate users. A typical login function might look like this:

public function login(Request $request) { $user = User::where('email', $request->email) ->where('password', $request->password) ->first(); if ($user) { // User authenticated } else { // Authentication failed } }

In this example, if $request->email or $request->password contains malicious input, the query can be manipulated, potentially allowing an attacker to bypass authentication.

Preventing NoSQL Injection in Laravel

1. Input Validation and Sanitization

To prevent NoSQL injection, always validate and sanitize user inputs to ensure they follow the expected format. Laravel provides built-in validation methods to handle this effectively.

$validated = $request->validate([ 'email' => 'required|email', 'password' => 'required|string|min:8', ]);

2. Use Parameterized Queries

Avoid embedding user inputs directly into queries. Instead, use parameterized queries or Laravel's query builder, which automatically handles input sanitization.

$user = User::where('email', $validated['email']) ->where('password', $validated['password']) ->first();

3. Implement Secure Authentication

Rather than comparing plain-text passwords, use Laravel's built-in authentication features that hash passwords securely and offer robust authentication mechanisms.

if (Auth::attempt(['email' => $validated['email'], 'password' => $validated['password']])) { // User authenticated } else { // Authentication failed }

Visual Demonstration

Here are two helpful images to showcase the security features and effectiveness of testing tools:

1. Screenshot of the Free Website Security Scanner Tool

Screenshot of the free tools webpage where you can access security assessment tools.

2. Screenshot of a Website Vulnerability Assessment Report

An Example of a vulnerability assessment report generated with our free tool, providing insights into possible vulnerabilities.

Conclusion

NoSQL injection attacks can pose significant threats to web applications, including those built with Laravel. However, by following best practices such as input validation, using parameterized queries, and leveraging Laravel's authentication features, you can significantly reduce the risk of these attacks.

Regularly testing your website with tools like ours to check website vulnerability can further enhance your application's security posture.

For more insights on web application security, visit the Pentest Testing Corp Blog.

[souhaillaghchimdev]

Advanced Database Design

As applications grow in size and complexity, the design of their underlying databases becomes critical for performance, scalability, and maintainability. Advanced database design goes beyond basic tables and relationships—it involves deep understanding of normalization, indexing, data modeling, and optimization strategies.

1. Data Modeling Techniques

Advanced design starts with a well-thought-out data model. Common modeling approaches include:

Entity-Relationship (ER) Model: Useful for designing relational databases.

Object-Oriented Model: Ideal when working with object-relational databases.

Star and Snowflake Schemas: Used in data warehouses for efficient querying.

2. Normalization and Denormalization

Normalization: The process of organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve integrity (up to 3NF or BCNF).

Denormalization: In some cases, duplicating data improves read performance in analytical systems.

3. Indexing Strategies

Indexes are essential for query performance. Common types include:

B-Tree Index: Standard index type in most databases.

Hash Index: Good for equality comparisons.

Composite Index: Combines multiple columns for multi-column searches.

Full-Text Index: Optimized for text search operations.

4. Partitioning and Sharding

Partitioning: Splits a large table into smaller, manageable pieces (horizontal or vertical).

Sharding: Distributes database across multiple machines for scalability.

5. Advanced SQL Techniques

Common Table Expressions (CTEs): Temporary result sets for organizing complex queries.

Window Functions: Perform calculations across a set of table rows related to the current row.

Stored Procedures & Triggers: Automate tasks and enforce business logic at the database level.

6. Data Integrity and Constraints

Primary and Foreign Keys: Enforce relational integrity.

CHECK Constraints: Validate data against specific rules.

Unique Constraints: Ensure column values are not duplicated.

7. Security and Access Control

Security is crucial in database design. Best practices include:

Implementing role-based access control (RBAC).

Encrypting sensitive data both at rest and in transit.

Using parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection.

8. Backup and Recovery Planning

Design your database with disaster recovery in mind:

Automate daily backups.

Test recovery procedures regularly.

Use replication for high availability.

9. Monitoring and Optimization

Tools like pgAdmin (PostgreSQL), MySQL Workbench, and MongoDB Compass help in identifying bottlenecks and optimizing performance.

10. Choosing the Right Database System

Relational: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle (ideal for structured data and ACID compliance).

NoSQL: MongoDB, Cassandra, CouchDB (great for scalability and unstructured data).

NewSQL: CockroachDB, Google Spanner (combines NoSQL scalability with relational features).

Conclusion

Advanced database design is a balancing act between normalization, performance, and scalability. By applying best practices and modern tools, developers can ensure that their systems are robust, efficient, and ready to handle growing data demands. Whether you’re designing a high-traffic e-commerce app or a complex analytics engine, investing time in proper database architecture pays off in the long run.

[azuredata]

Azure Data Engineering Certification | Azure Data Engineer

How to Monitor and Debug Pipelines in Azure Data Factory?

Azure Data Factory (ADF) is a comprehensive, cloud-based data integration service that enables the creation, scheduling, and orchestration of data pipelines. Efficient monitoring and debugging of pipelines are essential for ensuring seamless data flows and swift problem resolution. In this article, we explore the tools and methods for monitoring and debugging pipelines in Azure Data Factory. Microsoft Azure Data Engineer

Monitoring Pipelines in Azure Data Factory

Monitoring is crucial for detecting issues early, ensuring data accuracy, and maintaining pipeline performance. Azure Data Factory offers various tools to help with this task:

Azure Monitor Integration

Azure Monitor provides a unified platform to track and analyze pipeline activities. It offers capabilities such as:

Tracking pipeline, activity, and trigger runs.

Setting alerts for failures, long runtimes, or specific conditions.

Using log analytics to query detailed pipeline logs and gain insights into pipeline performance. Azure Data Engineer Course

Monitoring via ADF Portal

The ADF portal provides several views for monitoring pipeline activity:

Pipeline Runs View: Displays a summary of all pipeline runs, including their status (e.g., Succeeded, Failed), start time, and duration.

Activity Runs View: Provides visibility into the execution of individual activities within a pipeline.

Trigger Runs View: Tracks the execution of schedule- or event-based triggers and their associated pipelines.

Alerts and Notifications

Using Azure Monitor, you can configure alerts for pipeline failures or other critical issues. Alerts can be sent through email, SMS, or other channels, allowing quick intervention when necessary.

Integration with Application Insights

Application Insights enables advanced telemetry tracking for your pipelines, including custom metrics and tracing. This integration is particularly beneficial when you need detailed insights into the pipeline's execution, beyond the basic metrics.

Debugging Pipelines in Azure Data Factory

Efficient debugging is vital for identifying and resolving errors during pipeline development and execution. ADF provides a range of tools to assist in this process: Azure Data Engineer Course Online

Debug Mode

ADF’s Debug mode allows you to test your pipeline's execution before publishing changes:

Run individual activities or full pipeline executions.

View detailed outputs and error messages for each activity.

Test parameterized pipelines with debug-specific parameter values.

Activity Output and Error Details

Each activity in a pipeline generates detailed logs that can be accessed via the Monitoring tab. These logs include:

Success Messages: Information about successfully completed activities.

Error Messages: Descriptions of failures, including error codes and stack traces.

Diagnostic Details: Data that helps identify the root cause of issues, making it easier to troubleshoot.

Retrying Failed Activities

ADF allows you to configure retry policies for activities. If an activity fails, it can automatically retry based on the configured retry count and interval, minimizing the need for manual intervention.

Data Preview Feature

While designing data flows, the Data Preview feature enables you to preview the transformed data before running the pipeline. This is especially useful for debugging data transformation issues or validating your mappings.

Integration with Azure Storage Logs

Since ADF often interacts with Azure Storage services, enabling diagnostic logging for your storage accounts allows you to:

Track data read/write operations.

Identify and resolve connectivity or authentication issues.

Best Practices for Monitoring and Debugging

To ensure smooth operations and prompt issue resolution, consider these best practices: Azure Data Engineer Training Online

Implement Logging: Leverage ADF’s built-in logging capabilities and integrate with Application Insights for comprehensive telemetry tracking.

Set Up Alerts: Configure alerts to monitor critical pipeline failure scenarios, such as exceeding SLA deadlines or experiencing operational delays.

Use Retry Policies: Enable retry logic to handle transient errors automatically, reducing the need for manual intervention.

Test Extensively in Debug Mode: Validate your pipelines thoroughly in Debug mode before deployment to ensure smooth execution.

Enable Diagnostic Logs: Turn on diagnostic logs for services like Azure Storage and SQL Database to assist with end-to-end troubleshooting.

Monitor Key Metrics: Use Azure Monitor dashboards to keep track of essential pipeline performance metrics, ensuring timely actions are taken when necessary.

Conclusion

Monitoring and debugging pipelines in Azure Data Factory are essential tasks for ensuring the efficiency, reliability, and performance of your data workflows. With ADF’s monitoring tools, Debug mode, and integration with Azure Monitor and Application Insights, you can proactively identify and resolve issues, minimizing disruptions and enhancing the performance of your data integration solutions. By adhering to best practices, such as implementing comprehensive logging, setting up alerts, and using retry policies, you can maintain optimal pipeline performance and quickly address any challenges that arise.

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[fromdevcom]

DevOps is here to stay, but it is evolving in response to changing needs and paradigms. The DevOps market is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 20 percent from 2023 to 2032. This growth is driven by the rising demand for automation as well as the implementation of continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD) pipelines. Also, organizations are enticed to embrace DevOps to attain cost efficiency and enhance software deployment in light of the increasing prominence of cloud computing. One of the factors that is advancing the evolution of DevOps is security. Cyber attacks are becoming more sophisticated, and they are targeting software development and supply chain processes. It’s a no-brainer for DevOps to integrate security into their processes with an emphasis on code security.  Adopt ‘shift left’ practices Shift left refers to the early implementation of security activities for the software development life cycle. Instead of doing security testing after the code is ready for execution, it is done throughout the code-building process wherever applicable. Ideally, security should be taken into account even during the planning and coding stages.  A good start for the shift left approach is to define security requirements while working closely with stakeholders, the DevOps team, and security experts. Next, it is important to perform threat modeling exercises to spot potential vulnerabilities and attacks and prioritize the implementation of security controls. Additionally, there should be secure design reviews in the early development process as well as static and dynamic code analysis. Observe secure coding practices This may sound like a given, but many still have difficulties coding securely. Code security requires adherence to established practices and guidelines. For those who are unfamiliar with the concept of secure coding, a good starting point would be the OWASP Top 10 and CWE/SANS Top 25. Becoming familiar with the software flaws and issues discussed in these documents can help the DevOps team (in collaboration with the security team) come up with sets of practices or rules that enable secure coding. Some of the common secure coding practices worth adopting are input validation, the parameterization of queries, and the implementation of strong authentication and authorization mechanisms. It is also advisable to encode output data before rendering to address the risk of XSS attacks. Additionally, all file uploads and communications should be properly regulated. Security should likewise be taken into account in session management practices and the handling of errors. Observe the principle of least privilege The policy of least privilege (PoLP) is part of secure coding practices. However, it is important to highlight it in a separate discussion, as it is one of the key principles in modern cybersecurity. Also known as the principle of minimal privilege, PoLP maintains that any access or resource request should only be granted the least or minimum level of privilege necessary to complete a task. For example, when granting access to a set of data, if the request is only for a task that involves the copying of data, the system should not provide other privileges such as the ability to modify or delete data. Similarly, if the request is made by a user working for a specific project, the access granted should only be limited to the data for the specific project. Providing more privileges than what is necessary can be risky. The user requesting access may use the expanded privileges to undertake harmful actions in an insider attack. Also, the user account may be compromised and used by a hacker for an attack such as the installation of malicious software or scripts, system alterations, and ransomware seeding. Automate security testing In DevOps, automated security testing refers to the incorporation of automated security tools into the continuous integration and continuous delivery pipeline. These security

tools can undertake continuous static code analysis as well as dynamic application security testing (DAST) to make sure the code being developed is free from security issues. Additionally, these tools can conduct software composition analysis to ascertain that there are no vulnerabilities in the components used. For projects that involve containerization, there are container security solutions available to make it easy to continuously and automatically detect and rectify code security issues. It is advisable to use automated security testing tools that can be seamlessly integrated into existing systems such as issue tracking tools like GitHub Issues. This is important to conveniently produce reports and tickets that would systematize the resolution of the vulnerabilities and issues found. Also, the reports produced by the automated security testing solutions should include risk ratings and recommendations on how to remediate the issues discovered. These functions make it easier to address problems more efficiently. Embrace security-as-code Security-as-code (SaC) is an approach in cybersecurity that embeds security features directly into the code. In other words, security-related configurations, controls, and policies are baked into the code instead of adding them later on as plug-ins or added components. This allows DevOps teams to enhance their agility in managing their security needs and easily scale their security configurations up or down in response to changing needs. Security-as-code is a catch-all term for the use of different “as-code” approaches in integrating security. It encompasses the automated provisioning and configuration of security-related components in infrastructure-as-code (IaC), the representation of security policies and compliance requirements in configuration files (policy-as-code), security-testing-as-code, and compliance-as-code. These principles and practices help significantly reduce security risks while reducing the need for manual actions and virtually eliminating human errors. Collaborate closely with the security team Not many DevOps teams have adequate proficiency in cybersecurity to ensure code security. It would be necessary to work together with the security team to comprehensively address security concerns without compromising the speed and efficiency associated with DevOps practices. It is important to share insights and undertake in-depth discussions to holistically build a secure code. This usually entails joint training sessions, regular meetings, and the use of shared tools and consolidated dashboards. Gather feedback and iterate Lastly, it is important to monitor the progress of incorporating security into the DevOps process. Bringing security into the development and operations process while maintaining rapid deployments is not going to be a walk in the park. Expect challenges along the way, so it is crucial to keep track of the progress and introduce tweaks or adjustments to achieve the desired outcomes. Be sure to get the feedback of everyone involved in the project, from the DevOps and security teams in particular, to continuously improve security practices. Take note of the learning experiences, especially with regard to situations that are specific to an organization or project. These experiences should guide the improved iteration of processes, tools, and controls. In conclusion As mentioned, DevOps continues to evolve, and security is one of the biggest factors that drive this evolution with code security as one of the primary goals. The strategies described above are among the most important steps in enhancing the DevOps process to support secure coding throughout the entire software development life cycle. They may entail additional time and effort and some period of acclimation (in adopting new practices), but in the long run, the security benefits easily outweigh the challenges.