#nasielsk

[marcinleciak]

Mały objazd okolicy, w której mieszkam. Naturalnie ciągnie do pociągów, torów, stacji, stacyjek, peronów...

[tilbageidanmark]

Movies I watched this Week #104 (Last week of year # 2):

Cairo Station by renowned director Youssef Chahine, my first from the Golden Age of Egyptian cinema. A 1958 Neo-realist story of a lowly (and horny!) newspaper vendor who loses his mind after being sexually obsessed with a luscious lemonade seller. Sharp descriptions of poor, working class individuals, unexpected sensuality and descent into madness is not what you’d expect from the low-brow melodramas of that time. 7/10.

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Heaven without people is a beautifully-written, award winning family drama by a Lebanese play writer Lucien Bourjeily, his debut feature. It was shot entirely in one regular middle class apartment, and featuring about 15 not-actors, including some kids. It realistically tells of a large Christian family who gather for Easter feast, for the first time in two years. It’s conversation heavy and tightly-played. The busy, friendly interactions between all members of the family eventually turns into discord, and ugly secrets emerge. Well worth watching. 8/10.

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Fear and desire, 24-year-old Stanley Kubrick’s debut feature. A somehow amateurish anti-war production which cost $10,000 raised from Kubrick’s family. It follows 4 soldiers behind enemy lines, with Paul Mazursky as the delirious young one. “Not his best work”.

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The documentary Three Minutes – A Lengthening uses a unique approach: It tries to deciphers a clip from a 16mm holiday movie which was found in somebody’s closet, without adding any additional footage to it. In a voice over it tells of the detective work that it took to unpacks what’s there, and it lets only the visuals from the clip to speak for themselves.

The 3 silent minutes are from a trip that some American Jew took in 1938 to his small birth village in Poland. All that we see are some streets, a public square, and about 150 random people who were there on that day, most of them looking at the movie camera, which was a novelty. It’s a haunting snapshot, because it’s so completely mundane. Still, as the grandson of the photographer explores, only about 3% of these 3,000 Nasielsk Jews survived the holocaust. So all the curious, smiling, randomly waving people became ghosts. Co-produced by Steve McQueen. 8/10.

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5 more by Robert Redford and 3 more by J. C. Chandor:

🍿 ...I'm doing a survey... do you believe the Condor is really an endangered species?...

Another perfect Christmas re-watch: Three days of the Condor, one of my all time favorite conspiracy thrillers from the 70′s, and really, one of my top 50 films of all time. Every word I wrote about it last year, when I saw it last time is till in play. 10/10.

🍿 I loved J. C. Chandor‘s ‘Margin Call’ and ‘A most violent year’, but I hesitated watching his tremendous ‘Old man and the sea’ masterpiece All is Lost. And even when I started, I had a hard time staying in, and had to take frequent stops, Not that it’s not all-immersing and original. But the harrowing, no-words, single player (no-)survival story of a man lost at sea is so dispiriting, so nerve-racking, it took me three days to finish it. 9/10 for being too tense.

🍿 In György Pálfi’s immersive mashup Final Cut, Ladies and Gentlemen, Redford only appears for a brief moment. That’s because it is a ‘supercut’ of over 450 clips from the most famous films in history. It’s a meta-love story, told through a montage of scenes edited together from all those other films. Absolutely fantastic. Another inspired re-watch from last year.

🍿 "...Stay away from the chocolate mousse”...

Years before winning an Oscar for ‘The Artist’, French director Michel Hazanavicius created a similar montage in La Classe Américaine. Recieving permission from Warner Brothers he cut and pasted scenes from about 50 of their old movies into a nonsensically-funny, politically-incorrect and unexpected hillarious parody. It mostly follows Robert Redford, Dustin Hoffman and Paul Newman, silly journalists at the Washington Post, who interview dozens of classic stars as they try to understand John Wayne’s last words, “Monde de Merde”. Dubbed into ridiculous French, full of cursing, off color jokes about butt sex and bad digestion. Worth the watch!

🍿 A River Runs Through It was the third film directed by Redford. A long, beautifully-shot and utterly uninteresting period piece of two uninteresting brothers in pastoral Montana in the 1920′s. 3/10.

🍿 So I was finally also able to watch J. C. Chandor‘s last feature film, Triple Frontier. Each of his 4 films is in a different genre. This one is a standard action-adventure flick, where ex-Delta Force Oscar Isaac is getting the old team together for one last big deal, stealing millions from a Colombian Narco lord. Even though the story and action were not original, it was extremely well-done. 8/10.

🍿 And even though I’ve seen Chandor’s Margin Call 4 times already this year, and again today, I am becoming convinced that this is of the best debut features of all time, and one of the greatest films of the 21st century.

Repeat viewings prove to me that his control of sound, design and editing is masterful: The opening scene’s score. Every single scene is perfect. Every new chapter in this evolving story unfolds like a play. Absolutely fantastic - 10/10 again.

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I have a new favorite sub-genre: Debut fictional masterpieces by young(ish) female film directors. Recent examples: Quinn Shephard (Blame), Alice Wu (Saving Place), Deniz Gamze Erguven (Mustang), Bora Kim (House of hummingbird), Céline Sciamma (Water lilies), Kaouther Ben Hania (Beauty and the dog), Chloé Zhao (The Rider), Lulu Wang (The Farewell), Andrea Arnold (Wasp), Charlotte Wells (Aftersun), Debra Granik (Winter’s bone), Mia Hansen-Løve (Goodbye first love), and so many others.

So, I’m happy to add Kelly Fremon Craig‘s The Edge of Seventeen to the list. It’s a coming-of-age drama about best friends Hailee Steinfeld and Haley Lu Richardson, whose friendship is tested when one of them sleeps with the other’s hot brother. Her only feature since 2016? At least it’s good to read that she is now filming ‘Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret’ now. 

The sweetest discovery of the week - 8/10.

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2 French classics:

🍿 Re-watch: The perennial French bonbon The Red Balloon. A nostalgic, heart-warming throw-back to Belleville after the war, the innocence of childhood and bond between sentient beings. 100% enjoyment and guaranteed satisfaction. One of Adora’s beloved early films. (Poster Above).

I was surprised to learn that Albert Lamorisse, who directed both his kids in this gem, was also the inventor of the board game ‘Risk’, and that he died young at a helicopter crash in Iran.

🍿 The old man and the boy (”The Two of Us”), Claude Berri’s humane debut film from 1967. Very old provincial anti-Semite Michel Simon takes in a small refugee boy in occupied France, not realizing that he is Jewish. That the old, bigoted farmer was also a vegetarian was a testament to the well-balanced film, among the first to depict Nazi sympathizers with understanding.

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Fred Zinnemann’s award-winning western High Noon, with just-retired but duty-bound marshal Gary Cooper abandoning his 30-years-younger, newly-married Grace Kelly bride, in order to save the town’s citizens.

There were only two questions that remained unanswered: 1. Why was he so unpopular that nobody would help him? And 2. Why could they not pick a more memorable ‘Baddie’ to stand up against? 9/10.

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I was a big Beatles fan in my teens. When Help opened in Israel I was 12, maybe 13. I went to the small cinema in Hadar neighborhood in Haifa, and saw it 11 times. It was my movie. Peak swinging 60's. The music is still 10/10.

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‘The Olsen Gang’ was a Danish series of 14 comedy films, that was extremely popular all over Scandinavia 50 years ago. They were low-brow farces that provided escapist entertainment based on broad stereotypes. The stories were about the three inept, bumbling small-time crooks always trying to get rich quick. The Olsen Band (1968) was the first in the series. It didn’t age well, but it was nice to see all the familiar locations from around here as they looked then. Interestingly, since Denmark was the first country to legalize pornographic images in 1969, there are some lewd subplots and x-rated stories in this family-friendly romp.

...Det er skide godt, Egon!...

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2 with professional wrestler Dave Bautista and 2 with Udo Kier:

🍿 “Jared Leto's hard kombucha...”

I hated the new Glass Onion from the very first scenes, and had a hard time sitting through this boring, tricked-out big-budget spectacular. A typical turd from the Netflix-Hollywood-Complex cookie cutter, as bogus as Daniel Craig’s fake accent, or as the deceptive ‘Eat the Rich’ sub-text messaging, everything about it was irritating, over-the-top cringe.

The original ‘Glass Onion‘ was so much better.

🍿 The premise is very appealing: A quirky crime drama directed by Werner Herzog, produced by David Lynch, starring Michael Shannon as a mentally-disturbed spiritual seeker who kills his mother with ceremonial sword and Willem Dafoe as a San Diego detective, and mixed with a score of wistful Peruvian folk music. But My Son, My Son, What Have Ye Done was random, misdirected, awful on every other level. 2/10.

🍿 “...  Excuse me I’d like to ass you a few questions ..”

An immature, funny re-watch: Jim Carrey big breakthrough Role Ace Ventura: Pet Detective. With Hector Salamanca as Mr. Shickadance, Ace's landlord, and Sean Young as Einhorn-Finkle and some unnecessary homophobic ending. I forgot that at the 45:00 time stamp, at exactly half-point, he fucked Courteney Cox 3 times, with all his house pets watching.

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First watch of the last film that Walt Disney was personally involved with, The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh from 1977. Target audience must have been 3-4-year-olds.

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First watch: Peter Bogdanovich’s screwy comedy What’s Up, Doc, with the quintessential San Francisco setting. Madeline Kahn’s debut film. Not as zany today as it might have been then. It only got mildly funny toward the final car chase. 2/10.

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Christmas Comes But Once A Year: A 1936 animated short produced by Fleischer Studios, featuring Professor Grampy, in his only appearance without Betty Boop. What a different consciousness the world will have if Fleischer would have dominated Disney.

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A constant re-play in the background while I go about my day: Sol by Alep!

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Throw-back to the art project:

Three Days of the Condor Adora (Again). Red Balloon Adora (One of the first illustrations that I really loved).

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(My complete movie list is here)

[friend-through-teenage-nights]

"A new documentary extends 200 seconds of home-movie footage shot in Poland in 1938 into a forensic examination of a community obliterated by the Nazis.

[The film] runs for just over an hour, and yet all the images you see come from the same three (or nearly four) minutes of amateur, home-movie footage – those 200-odd seconds of cine film played in full once at the beginning and once again at the end. In between, sequences are played backwards or forwards, sometimes slowed down, sometimes freeze-framed. We zoom out and zoom in. Some frames are magnified to such an extent that what we see is a kind of microscopic blur. The original three-minute film was shot with barely a thought, by an American man on vacation in Europe decades ago...he took the film in Nasielsk, a small town about 30 miles north of Warsaw. The people he photographed were Nasielsk’s Jews, who made up nearly half the town’s population, and who, like the rest of Europe’s Jews, would soon be sentenced to death by the Nazis. It means that almost every face you look at – every bearded old man, every mother in a scarf, every daughter in plaits, every woman in a housecoat, and every boy grinning and waving at the camera – is someone who, in the following year, would be shipped out of Nasielsk and confined to a ghetto and then, three years after that, taken from the ghetto to the death camp of Treblinka, where they would be gassed.

Perhaps the key element is the discovery of one of the people behind those faces. A young woman in the US had found the film online and was scanning the crowd of young boys, when one struck her instantly: “It’s Grandpa!”

The woman had never seen any photographs of the young Maurice Chandler – no pictures had survived – but his face, even as a young teenager, was unmistakable. Eventually, [the director] Stigter and Kurtz would travel to Detroit to interview Chandler, one of perhaps a handful of the 3,000 Jews of pre-war Nasielsk to survive, and we hear his voice, his reminiscences, throughout the new film.

It’s through Chandler that we learn of the different styles of boys’ caps, those worn by the poorer lads, those that marked out students at the religious academy. We learn that there was a button factory nearby, subsequently seized by the Nazis from its Jewish owners, and that a childhood prank was for kids to lop off the buttons from the adults’ coats. We hear all this from Chandler but, save for a still photograph among the final credits, we don’t see him. Stigter imposed a rule on herself: the only images we would see throughout the hour would be from the original footage. Stretched, slowed, magnified perhaps, but those images alone."

Three Minutes: A Lengthening is on general release and on Curzon Home Cinema from 2 December

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Tannenberg, Koziebrody, Sierpc, Raciąż, Nasielsk, Sopot, Gdańsk, Modlin-...

[amartranslationspl]

Tłumaczenia turecki Nasielsk

Tłumaczenia turecki Język turecki zaliczany jest do języków tropikalnych, wobec czego niewielu jest profesjonalnych tłumaczy. Zajmujemy się tłumaczeniem z języka tureckiego i na odwrót zarówno dokumentów firmowych i biznesowych, jak i dokumentacji własnych dla klientów indywidualnych. Korzystając z naszych usług, dostajesz gwarancję dokładnego i fachowego tłumaczenia dowolnego typu pism – Amar Translations – tłumaczenia szeptanek . Tłumaczenia z języka tureckiego wykonywane przez profesjonalistów Współpracujemy z wieloma tłumaczami, dlatego jeśli jesteś przedsiębiorcą, który pracuje z różnymi państwami i potrzebuje fachowego przetłumaczenia dokumentów w języku tureckim, wybierzemy spośród naszych tłumaczy najbardziej rzetelną dla Ciebie osobę. W zależności od branży i charakteru pism, amar-translations.pl - biuro tłumaczeń. Tłumaczenia pisemne tekstów specjalistycznych: IT. Tłumaczenia ustne: symultaniczne. Tłumaczenia konferencyjne z zapewnieniem sprzętu i obsługą techniczną. Tłumaczenia przysięgłe, pisemne tłumaczenia: dokumentów urzędowych. Tłumaczenia ustne przysięgłe w urzędach. tłumacz angielsko-niemiecki, tłumacz angielsko-niemiecki, tłumacz polsko-hiszpański, tłumacz polsko-włoski. AmaR TRANSLATIONS - Tłumaczenia Techniczne, Specjalistyczne i Przysięgłe ul. Ogrodowa 28/30 lok. 423 00-896 Warszawa Tel. +48 22 393 39 00

[lamilanomagazine]

Napoli, al via la XIII edizione di AstraDoc

Napoli, al via la XIII edizione di AstraDoc.   Riparte a Napoli "Astradoc - Viaggio nel Cinema del Reale", rassegna di documentari curata dall’associazione Arci Movie in sinergia con l’Università di Napoli Federico II, Coinor e Parallelo 41 produzioni, con il patrocinio del Comune di Napoli. Il primo appuntamento della XIII edizione è per venerdì 27 gennaio 2023 al Cinema Academy Astra di via Mezzocannone con “Three Minutes – A Lengthening” di Bianca Stigter (Olanda e Regno Unito, 2021 - 69’), scelto proprio in occasione della Giornata mondiale della Memoria e selezionato ai principali festival internazionali quali il Sundance Film Festival, il Toronto International Film Festival, l’IDFA di Amsterdam e la Mostra del Cinema di Venezia, evento speciale delle “Giornate degli autori”. Questa mattina Antonio Borrelli, curatore della rassegna, e Roberto D'Avascio, Presidente dell’associazione Arci Movie, hanno annunciato i primi appuntamenti dell’edizione 2023 di AstraDoc presentando i film e gli ospiti che animeranno il Cinema Academy Astra. Nella storica sala del centro storico di Napoli AstraDoc propone documentari italiani e stranieri capaci di raccontare e approfondire temi di stringente attualità. Le proiezioni sono accompagnate dalla presenza di registi e altri protagonisti dei film insieme a esponenti del mondo della cultura e dello spettacolo. Sarà così anche quest’anno in cui si intende dare spazio e risalto ulteriore al mondo universitario con la presenza di venti studenti e studentesse individuati grazie alla collaborazione con la Professoressa Anna Masecchia,  storica del cinema e Coordinatrice del Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Discipline della Musica e dello Spettacolo dell'Università di Napoli Federico II, e la Professoressa Gina Annunziata, Coordinatrice della Scuola di Cinema, Fotografia e Audiovisivo dell’Accademia di Belle Arti di Napoli. Agli studenti e alle studentesse, che riceveranno accrediti gratuiti per assistere alle proiezioni della rassegna, sarà chiesto di realizzare alcune recensioni critiche dei film in programma che saranno pubblicizzate durante lo svolgimento di AstraDoc e discusse durante un confronto seminariale finale sulla critica cinematografica coordinato dalla stessa Prof.ssa Masecchia. Alla serata del 27 gennaio, con avvio alle 20.30, prenderanno parte diversi ospiti. Saranno presenti, infatti, Andrea Mazzucchi, delegato del sindaco di Napoli per la programmazione culturale, Titta Fiore, Presidente della Film Commission Regione Campania, Guido D'Agostino, Presidente dell’Istituto Campano della storia della Resistenza, dell’Antifascismo e dell’Età contemporanea “Vera Lombardi”, Titti Marrone, scrittrice, giornalista e Presidente dell'associazione dedicata a Sergio De Simone, vittima dell'Olocausto. Sarà presente anche Ciro Raia, Presidente del Comitato Provinciale ANPI Napoli.   Il primo film in programma, “Three Minutes – A Lengthening” di Bianca Stigter, indaga il tragico destino della comunità ebraica di Nasielsk attraverso un breve filmato amatoriale di tre minuti in sedici millimetri, trovato per caso in un armadio. Nel documento scoperto si notano alcune persone di tutte le età che si radunano, scorci di un paesaggio di una piccola città che potrebbe essere ovunque in Europa, con alcuni volti sorridenti, alcuni che lasciano una sinagoga, altri che pensano agli affari propri. Quando irrompe la voce fuori campo scopriamo che nel 2009 un uomo di nome Glenn Kurtz trovò quella bobina di tre minuti nell'armadio dei suoi genitori in Florida. Il filmato sarebbe stato girato da suo nonno David nel 1938 quando era in vacanza in Europa. La città raffigurata nei filmati amatoriali è Nasielsk, una comunità polacca abitata prevalentemente da ebrei e luogo di nascita di David. È un raro documento che mostra l'aspetto della città prima dell'occupazione nazista dove meno di cento persone sopravvissero all'Olocausto. Un nuovo modo di raccontare il cinema e il peso della memoria dando vita a un’opera di forte impatto emotivo. La XIII edizione di “Astradoc - Viaggio nel Cinema del Reale” sarà divisa in due parti, la prima dal 27 gennaio al 17 marzo e la seconda dal 24 marzo al 12 maggio 2023. Tra i prossimi appuntamenti, il 3 febbraio ci sarà “Via Argine 310” di Gianfranco Pannone che, dopo la prima alla Festa del Cinema di Roma, tornerà all’Astra per presentare il suo documentario sulla vicenda della ex Whirlpool - con la voce narrante di Alessandro Siani - insieme agli operai della fabbrica, a Maurizio De Giovanni e al musicista Daniele Sepe. Il 10 febbraio, invece, ci sarà “Se fate i bravi” di Stefano Collizzolli e Daniele Gaglianone, visto all’ultima Mostra del Cinema di Venezia, con gli autori presenti per accendere nuovamente le luci sui tragici fatti del G8 di Genova del 2001. Il 17 febbraio, ancora un emozionante ritratto di uno dei cantautori italiani più amati con “Franco Battiato – La voce del padrone” di Marco Spagnoli che sarà introdotto dal Direttore del Campania Teatro Festival Ruggero Cappuccio. Il 24 febbraio si resta nel campo dei biopic musicali con l’ultimo straordinario documentario sul grande David Bowie dal titolo “Moonage Daydream” di Brett Morgen, accolto da lunghissimi applausi al Festival di Cannes dello scorso anno. Il 3 marzo, invece, una serata dedicata alla vita di Franco Grillini, storico leader di ArciGay e della comunità Lgbti, che sarà in sala per presentare il doc “Let’s Kiss” con il regista Filippo Vendemmiati e il Presidente di Arcigay Campania Antonello Sannino. Il 10 marzo ci sarà il delicato e toccante omaggio di Charlotte Gainsbourg alla madre Jane Birkin con “Jane by Charlotte”, mentre il 17 marzo la prima parte si chiuderà con l’interessante ultimo film di Giovanni Piperno “Cipria” presentato al recente Torino Film Festival e incentrato sulle storie di alcune donne durante la seconda guerra mondiale. «Ripartiamo con la consapevolezza di animare a Napoli un luogo importante, come il cinema Astra, il cinema dell’università di Napoli e di tanti studenti ma anche un spazio simbolico che negli ultimi tredici anni è diventato momento di incontri tra tanti artisti, docenti, studiosi, giovani e intellettuali e luogo di un grande dibattito a partire dal cinema e dal suo confronto con la realtà della nostra contemporaneità», così Roberto D’Avascio, presidente di Arci Movie. Il biglietto della singola proiezione costa 4 euro. Per informazioni e prenotazioni è possibile contattare l’associazione Arci Movie: tel 0815967493 whatsapp 3346895990 info@arcimovie.it.... #notizie #news #breakingnews #cronaca #politica #eventi #sport #moda Read the full article

[zyciestolicy]

Tragiczny wypadek pod Warszawą. Kierowca spłonął w aucie, które zaczęło się palić po uderzeniu w drzewo

Tragiczny wypadek pod Warszawą. Kierowca spłonął w aucie, które zaczęło się palić po uderzeniu w drzewo

Tragiczny wypadek pod Warszawą. Kierujący 25-latek zginał na miejscu, po tym jak samochodem osobowym marki Volkswagen polo wjechał w drzewo. Po zderzeniu z drzewem auto stanęło w płomieniach. Do zdarzenia doszło na drodze wojewódzkiej 571 w miejscowości Mokrzyce Włościańskie (pow. nowodworski). Ze wstępnych ustaleń wynika, że kierujący volkswagenem stracił panowanie nad pojazdem zjechał z drogi…

[elirab]

Municipal and Communal Public Library in Nasielsk

Municipal and Communal Public Library in Nasielsk

  Biblioteka Nasielsk Greeting fall with the library On September 23, the City-Municipal Public Library in Nasielsko began a series of library lessons about autumn. On the first day of the autumn calendar, class 3 a came to us with the teacher Mrs. Justyna Jankowska from Primary School No. 1 in Nasielsko. At the beginning of the meeting, we talked about the first signs of fall and changes…

[remainsofthepast]

Nasielsk

[bobemajses]

Wooden synagogue in Nasielsk, Poland

[mynawyspie]

(Polish soldiers during the Polish-Bolshevik war)

The Battle of Warsaw 1920. The Defeat of the Empire of Evil

The Battle of Warsaw in 1920 was not only a culminating moment of the Polish-Bolshevik war but also one of the decisive events in the history of Europe and the world. 

Led by Vladimir Lenin, once they seized power in Russia, the Bolsheviks strove to export the revolution to Europe. Their march to the West began in late 1918. The Communist International (Comintern) was founded in Moscow in March 1919 as a body to supervise communist parties from 32 countries across the globe, and a political tool of the Bolshevik Russia. In the summer of 1919, the Comintern’s Chairman Grigory Zinoviev stated: “One can say with full confidence: In just a year from now, all of Europe will be communist. And the struggle for communism will move to America, and perhaps to Asia and other parts of the world.” The Polish-Bolshevik war began in January 1919. The Commander of the Western Front Mikhail N. Tukhachevsky issued an order to his soldiers, addressing them with the words: “Fighters of the workers’ revolution! Fix your eyes on the West. It is in the West that the fate of the world revolution is being decided. Over the dead body of White Poland lies the way to the world fire of revolution.”

In the face of the deadly threat, the Polish nation got immensely mobilized, the Catholic Church also playing a big role in it. More than 100,000 volunteers responded to calls to join the army, including 30,000 citizens of Warsaw. Meanwhile, the Polish government sought help abroad. British prime minister David Lloyd George, however, offered only mediation in peace talks with the Bolsheviks. France behaved somewhat better as it offered substantial supplies of weapons and munitions. Pope Benedict XV realized how grave the situation was when he noted in a letter of August 5: “It is not only Poland’s existence as a nation that is imperiled, but the entire Europe faces the atrocities of a new war.” As part of its massive propaganda efforts under the slogan “Hands off the Soviet Russia,” Moscow had mobilized communist parties and leftist trade unions in all of Europe to act against Poland. Railway workers in Germany and Czechoslovakia blocked trains with military supplies to Poland. The governments of both countries silently sympathized with the Bolsheviks. The only safe passage for the transports led through Romania.

"We have the whole world against us" wrote Stanisław Posner in a report for Józef Piłsudski, submitted end of June 1920, after traveling through Western European countries. During his several-week expedition, he visited a few capital cities and returned with observations free of any hope. Posner highlighted that even those who had been siding with Poland, such as French President Alexandre Millerand, assuring of his support for Warsaw in the conflict with the Czechs ,"is siding with them and, in other matters, will always submit to the opinion of England, because he depends on her as a creditor." "The British Prime Minister Lloyd George played a sombre role in Spa, a provincial lawyer from Wales, promoted in world opinion to a national leader, prejudiced against Poles and clearly siding with the Bolsheviks" – said Mieczysław Jałowiecki, the representative of the Polish government in Gdańsk. In late summer of 1920, war correspondent Adam Grzymała-Siedlecki noted: "It was of no secret to anybody that the Germans are waiting impatiently to conquer Warsaw. […] Our surrounding neighbors were already preparing new partitions. The end of Polish statehood was spoken of as an absolute necessity. Was the situation presented differently at the offices of the Triple Entente? English policy, Italian neutrality, the stance of the Belgian cabinet regarding the transport of weaponry to Poland, all made it clearer than ever that helping us would be impractical and – who knows? – even harmful."

The Battle of Warsaw took place from August 12 to 15, 1920. The fiercest combats were fought for Radzymin, Ossów and Zielonka. Radzymin was reclaimed from the Poles by the Bolsheviks on August 13, yet a day later it was under Polish control again, after the rally of General Józef Haller and his chief of staff, Colonel Włodzimierz Zagórski, to be conquered by the Bolsheviks once more the next day. On August 15, it is once again taken back by Haller and Zagórski, both of whom personally led Polish troops to the attack. On the northern front, the 8th cavalry brigade of Colonel Włodzimierz Podhorski from the 5th Army of General Władysław Sikorski in a bold rally entered Ciechanów, where the command center of the 4th Red Army was completely destroyed. On August 16, 1920, the Polish offensive, led by the head of state – Józef Piłsudski, was launched from Wieprz river and eradicated the Mozyr group of the Bolshevik army. Budyonny’s cavalry army also began to retreat to Volhynia, as did the Gaj-Chan’s cavalry corps. The retreat of the Bolsheviks turned into a panic escape. The most significant role in this battle was played by the 5th Army of General Władysław Sikorski on the section of Nasielsk on Wkra river and General Franciszek Latnik on the outskirts of Warsaw. The Bolsheviks were beaten again in the Battle of the Niemen River from September 20 to 26, 1920. The Battle of Warsaw took place near Warsaw and Modlin in addition to the area of Góra Kalwaria as well as between Modlin and Ciechanów. The sides of the battle included the 1st Polish Army (directly defending Warsaw) and the 5th Polish Army (in the area of Modlin) as well as the 3rd, 15th and 16th Bolshevik Armies. It was carried out on the basis of the operational order of August 10, 1920 marked with a fictitious number 10000, signed on August 9 by General Tadeusz Rozwadowski, who provided for a double wing maneuver, so-called “Cannae” maneuver. It is worth adding that it was also vital for the course of the battle that on August 13, Polish cryptologists deciphered the Bolshevik telegram, which indicated that the attack on Warsaw was planned shortly.

The Battle of Warsaw marked the first defeat of the Soviet empire of evil, thanks to which the fate of the world took a different course than Lenin would have wanted. Soon after the defeat near Warsaw, he admitted: “The Polish war was the most crucial turning point not only for the politics of Soviet Russia but also for the world politics. (…) In Europe, it was possible to seize everything. But Piłsudski and his Poles inflicted a gigantic, unprecedented defeat to the cause of the world revolution.”

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Flag of the Polish municipality of Nasielsk in the Masovian Voivodeship

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