#monsoon activity Jharkhand

[townpostin]

Monsoon Activity Intensifies Across Jharkhand

Heavy rainfall forecast for Sunday, orange alert issued for multiple districts Jharkhand braces for significant monsoon activity as meteorological department issues orange alert for numerous districts, with Latehar recording 71 mm rainfall on Saturday and more intense showers predicted for Sunday. RANCHI – Jharkhand, including the Kolhan region, experienced scattered showers on Saturday, with…

[annieboltonworld]

Juniper Publishers-Open Access Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources

Impact of Natural Short-Term Climate Forcing on India's Climate

Authored by Ashutosh Mishra

Abstract

Among several factors of climate, the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Sunspot cycles work on inter annual to inter decadal scales and it is believed that while the El Niño-La Niña pressure seesaw of Pacific Ocean affects climate by altering global wind and rainfall patterns, the 11 years periodic variability of sunspot appearance bring changes in insolation and cloud formation. Thus, the role of these two climate forcing seems critical in pushing short term climatic variability's. This paper attempts to know the impact of these two climatic phenomena on temperature and rainfall patterns at regional scale, and for the purpose the study considers India as the case. Analysis reveals that temperature show a good correlation with sunspot activities, while the effect of ENSO cycle on country's rainfall is not very clear. However, India's coastal states record a notable rise in temperatures during El-Niño phase of ENSO phenomenon, and this may be the cause behind fragmented and uneven rainfall over the country during El-Niño years.

Keywords: Sunspots; El-Niño Southern Oscillation; Short-Term Forcing; Temperature; Rainfall; Natural Variability

Introduction

Yielding from sun and varying with inclination, the climate of a place determines nature and state of biota flourishing there. However, atmospheric-oceanic-geomorphic changes modulate the climatic properties in course of time. Apart from these natural forces, today man also has developed the technology and skills to regulate climatic characters up to some extent. Natural forces that affect the climate, work on millennium to minimum scales whereas human role is limited up to a life span. The natural forcing are- Earth's orbital variations, changes in solar output, plate tectonic movements, volcanism, meteorites, oceanic circulation etc. while the Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), fossil fuel burn greenhouse gases, industrial aerosols, and enhanced atmospheric water vapour are the ‘humanogenic’ causal factors of changes in climate. The discovery of the stratospheric ozone hole over Antarctica in 1987 propelled scientific research on role of manmade CFCs in atmospheric alterations. And soon, searching statistical significance in the man-climate change relationship became focus of correlation studies on this issue [1,2]. Most of these studies surmised that human additions in the natural climatic variability is the cause behind increasing temperatures, disrupted rains and intensifying extreme climate events. They tried to estimate the departure of climatic conditions from their natural course of variability. However, they considered natural forcing as rhythmic and predictable. But, climate is a dynamic system where all of its components are linked with feedbacks, and, therefore, change in one component may lead to change in one or the all. Measuring probable departures in all the directions is really an accuracy challenge. It is rather more realistic to measure the degree of association between natural forcing and climatic variability. If natural causes fail to synchronise well with climatic trend, it is indicative of some unnatural causes of change.

The notable natural factors that affect the climate are- Milankovitch cycles, plate tectonics, sunspot cycle, meteorites, volcanism and El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Orbital changes and plate tectonic movements are slow and longterm processes mainly responsible for climate reversal, while the sunspots, volcanism, ENSO like short-term forces induce rapid changes in the climate. Studies suggest that increase in sunspot numbers increases surface temperature of the Earth while decreases the amount of rainfall [3] Svensmark, Friis- Christensen [4] found in their study that increased sunspot activity strengthens the electromagnetic field of Sun and that blocks galactic cosmic rays to enter into the inner solar system. This reduction in the cosmic ray flux, then, reduces the cloud seeding rate and thereby reduces the amount of solar energy reflected back by clouds directly to the universe. And by this process the enhanced amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface rises its temperature. The fall in rate of cloud seeding also decreases the volume of rainfall. Besides sunspot changes, the external bodies like meteorites, which fall on the Earth’s surface at a speed of approximately 10-75 kilometres per second after passing the thick layer of atmosphere, are also believed to have some impact on terrestrial climate Kohler, Beauford [5]. At this speed when these interplanetary bodies come in contact with even the thinnest of atmospheres, generate heat from both friction and compression. And the temperature and dust released at the time of their collision, sometimes alters the climate significantly. Several studies have attempted to substantiate that sudden climate change caused by heavy meteoritic shower in Cretaceous period was the cause behind extinction of dinosaurs from earth Ganapathy [6], Alvarez [7], Russell, Tucker [8].

Volcanic eruption is also a short-term forcing that affects the climate through injecting a large amount of ash, sulphurous gases, halogens and water vapour into the Earth’s atmosphere Gao [9], Crowley [10]. These gases and aerosols produce a cooling effect by reducing the amount of insolation. However, the extreme amount of volcanism can also produce global warming Robock [11] Timmreck [12]. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is another short-term climate forcing that is characterised by a warm (El Niño), neutral and cold (La Niña) phases. The warm phase of the ENSO event is associated with higher precipitation in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific and reduced rainfall in Western Equatorial Pacific when compared with neutral condition. These patterns are reversed during the La Niña phase Salau [13] Collins [14] Chavez [14] McPhaden [14]. Scientific accounts find a good connection between El Niño phenomena and a week monsoon over India. They observe that during El Niño years, it is more likely that India receives less rainfall than normal Pant & Parthasarathy, [15] Francis & Gadgil [16] Sajani [17].

Apart from these short-term forcing, the long-term climate agents also affect the climate as well, however, they are very slow-moving forces, and would not be very helpful in explaining short-term climate fluctuations. Hence, present study considers only the short-term climate agents for its investigation, and takes India as a case of analysis. It is important to mention that no significant occurrence of meteoritic impacts or volcanism have been recorded in India during last century. The study, therefore, analyses only the sunspot changes and El Niño events to understand the departure of climatic variability from the natural path.

Data Source and Methodology

The study is based on the temperature and rainfall series of 116 years (1901-2016), collected from India Meteorological Department. The data pertaining to Oceanic Niño indexes of past of 52 years (1961-2012) was obtained from the National Centres for Environmental Information, Boulder, USA while the data related to annual change in mean sunspot numbers during last 102 years (1911-2012) was collected from the World Data Centre, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Brussels. The study uses simple correlation and regression analyses to examine the degree of association of sunspot and ENSO events with temperature and rainfall.

Temperature and Rainfall Changes in India: Recent Trends

India, which is a country of monsoon climate, witnesses seasonal trend reversal of pressure and wind system during the year. The Tibetan plateau and the Himalayan Mountains situated in the north, Thar Desert in the west and Indian Ocean in the south of the country, make its climate unique and diversified, varying from tropical to temperate and from desert to alpine conditions. The country receives most of its rain during summers while faces extreme cold conditions in north and mild temperatures in the south during winters. In recent decades India has recorded an increase in extreme climate events and there are several studies which link this change to rapid humanization of Indian landscape Mishra [18] Mishra [19] IPCC [20]. Notably the correlation between sunspot numbers and temperature is positive for all states. These relationships significant in case of Sikkim, Odisha, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Assam and Bihar while the statistical insignificance for most of the states can be attributed to geographical variations. Nevertheless, the unidirectional covariance of sunspot activity and temperature change shows that temperature trends are mostly being governed by the incoming solar radiation.

The uneven rise in surface temperature can be understood by differences in surface reflectivity and regional geography. For example, same amount of insulation will produce more warming on darker or flat surface and less on the light or undulating surface, like in Rajasthan, a large area of land comes under desert which reflects more energy and thus, is not as warm as Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, or Northeast states which is marked by surface of vegetation cover absorbing more solar radiation. On the other hand, the state of Punjab is known for its green fields, absorbing more heat, but due to intense irrigation, this heat produces a 'partial cooling effect' as the naturally enhanced temperature spends its energy for evaporating the field waters. The state of Haryana along with the Chandigarh and NCT of Delhi is under the 'partial cooling effect' of urban heat islands as the extra heat accumulate in local atmosphere enhances the rate of evaporation and thereby atmospheric water vapour content. This effect is visible in the rainfall patterns of these states as they have received more rainfall due to the enhanced water vapour in their local atmosphere. The partial cooling effect of urban heat island is also working in case of Kerala and the state has recorded a less warming than its neighbouring states. The relationship between sunspot number and rainfall is not very clear, yet, due to low cloud seeding during increased sunspot activity, it can be suggested that the rainfall will decline (Figure 1).

(Figure 2) demonstrates the monthly and seasonal changes in temperature and rainfall conditions of India during last 116 years (1901-2016). Evidently February, November and December are the months that have recorded highest increase in temperature and on the other hand the month of July has witnessed maximum decrease in volume of rainfall. It is clearly visible from the Figure (2). That winter and Post-Monsoon seasons are gaining heat, while the Monsoon season has noticed a decline in rainfall.

(Figure 3) displays the temperature and rainfall pattern of India for 1901-2016. A sharp increase in temperature and a significant decline in rainfall after the year 1990 are quite evident. Virtually the year of 1990 can be termed as 'climate dividend' for India. Actually, this was the period when India opened its market for foreign investors to install industrial units in the country. It is evident that the India's climate is shifting towards hot and dry conditions and this change is more evident for last 2 decades.

Linking ENSO and Sunspot phenomena with Temperature and Rainfall Changes

(Table 1) shows the correlation between annual mean temperature, annual rainfall and annual mean sunspot numbers for a period of 102 years (1911-2012). Notably the correlation between sunspot numbers and temperature is positive for all states. This relationship is significant in case of Sikkim, Odisha, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Assam and Bihar while the statistical insignificance for most of the states can be attributed to geographical variations. Nevertheless, the unidirectional covariance of sunspot activity and temperature change shows that temperature trends are mostly being governed by the incoming solar radiation.

The uneven rise in surface temperature can be understood by differences in surface reflectivity and regional geography. For example, same amount of isolation will produce more warming on darker or flat surface and less on the light or undulating surface, like in Rajasthan a large area of land comes under desert which reflects more energy and thus, is not as warm as Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, or Northeast states which is marked by surface of vegetation cover absorbing more solar radiation. On the other hand, the state of Punjab is known for its green fields, absorbing more heat, but due to intense irrigation, this heat produces a 'partial cooling effect' as the naturally enhanced temperature spends its energy for evaporating the field waters. The state of Haryana along with the Chandigarh and NCT of Delhi is under the 'partial cooling effect' of urban heat islands as the extra heat accumulate in local atmosphere enhances the rate of evaporation and thereby atmospheric water vapour content. This effect is visible in the rainfall patterns of these states as they have received more rainfall due to the enhanced water vapour in their local atmosphere. The 'partial cooling effect’ of urban heat island is also working in case of Kerala and the state has recorded a less warming than its neighbouring states.

The relationship between sunspot number and rainfall is not very clear, yet, due to low cloud seeding during increased sunspot activity, it can be suggested that the rainfall will decline. The correlation between sunspot numbers and the rainfall partially support this idea. It can be gauged from (Table 1) that almost half of the states of the country are showing negative relationship between sunspot activity and rainfall. However, owing to the two-tailed relationship, no definite association can be interpreted. It can be said that the rainfall depends more on local atmospheric conditions rather than external forcing. The second natural short term forcing for temperature and rainfall changes is the El Niño-La Niña oscillation. This is measured in Oceanic Niño Index (ONI). (Table 2) presents the correlations between Oceanic Niño Index and temperature and rainfall for a period of 52 years (1961-2012).

The (Table 2) shows that during El Niño years, temperatures were high over India and also that there was more rainfall during such years. Although the rainfall-oceanic Niño index correlation is insignificant for most of the states, yet few have recorded a significant positive correlation. This goes against the so called El Niño-Monsoon relationship that during El Niño a less rainfall is expected over India. However, the two-tailed relationship between El Niño and temperature, and El Niño and rainfall limits the possibility of predicting any significant association between these two variables.

Conclusion

The positive correlations between Sunspot cycle and Temperature patterns show that solar activity is a critical determinant of regional temperature profile of the country, however, the degree of correlation between sunspot numbers and temperature patterns for most of the states is very weak. On the other hand, the sunspot cycle-rainfall association is two tailed and do not support Svensmark, and Friis-Christensen's cosmic theory of climate change. It is noteworthy that most of the coastal states of India record a good correlation between Oceanic Niño Index and Temperature. This simply means that during El Niño years, Indian coast becomes warmer than usual, and thus, this phenomenon disturbs normal monsoon mechanism by easing the pressure gradient developed over the country. However, the correlations between El Niño and rainfall patterns do not justify the hypothesis that during El Niño years India gets less rainfall than normal.

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IMD Predicts Active Monsoon Conditions Over Central India During Next 3 Days; Here is Complete Forecast

IMD Predicts Active Monsoon Conditions Over Central India During Next 3 Days; Here is Complete Forecast

Rainfall is also expected in the country’s eastern and northeastern regions. “Fairly widespread/widespread rainfall with isolated heavy falls and thunderstorm/lightning very likely over Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Sikkim on the 13th and 14th; Odisha on the 13th-15th; Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, and Meghalaya on the 13th, 14th, and 17th August, 2022.” Rain A Low-Pressure Area that formed over the…

[breakinglivenewsheadlines]

Pune on ‘red’ alert today, heavy rain to lash western Maharashtra

An active monsoon will cause extremely heavy rainfall and lead to squally winds off the eastern India coast during the next three days.

On Sunday, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) announced the formation of a low-pressure system over the Bay of Bengal.

This system, in the coming days, will bring heavy to extremely heavy rain (up to 204.4mm in 24 hours) over central India regions between Odisha and Gujarat this week.

The IMD has placed Odisha, western Maharashtra and Telangana on ‘red’ alert. In Maharashtra, Pune, Satara, Ratnagiri and Raigad will be on ‘red’ alert till Monda

Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, southern Karnataka and Gujarat will be on ‘orange’ alert till August 11.

On Monday, Odisha, Telangana, Chhattisgarh and Gangetic West Bengal are expected to receive intense rain.

In the week ahead, the Bay of Bengal will remain rough and produce squally winds with speeds ranging between 45 – 65 km/hour, which will mainly sweep along Odisha, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Fishermen have been advised to not venture into northwest Bay of Bengal till August 11.

Between June 1 and August 7, the cumulative all-India rainfall has been 534 mm, which is 6 per cent above normal.

Source

[werindialive]

No relief from the heatwave in Delhi, Punjab, and UP over the next 2 days; Rains are likely to continue in these states!!!

According to the Indian Meteorological department of India, Over the next two years, some isolated pockets over Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, and southeast Uttar Pradesh are likely to witness sweltering heat conditions. Central India and the northwest are reeling under a heatwave spell since 2 June because of hot and dry westerly winds.

As per IMD, there won’t be any relief from the intense heat till June 13th. However, spells of rainfall will continue along the west peninsular coast during the next two days and over northeast India, sub-Himalayan West Bengal, and Sikkim during the next 5 days.

Relief from heat after 16th June!!!

Senior IMD scientist R K Jenamani said that maximum temperatures in Delhi NCR and other parts of northwest India will come down by a few notches over the weekend but no major relief is likely till 15th June.

Moisture-laden easterly winds will provide significant relief from searing heat from 16th June onwards. It has been predicted that east Madhya Pradesh, Chattishgarh, and Odisha will experience the pre-monsoon activity from the 12th of June but the other parts of India such as the North Rajasthan, Punjab, Delhi, Haryana, UP, and north Madhya Pradesh will continue to see above normal temperatures till 15th June.

Blistering heatwave to persist over northwest India

On Saturday, heatwave conditions prevailed in the parts of the different states such as Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Delhi, Haryana, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh whereas Banda was the hottest place in the country with a temperature of 46.2 degrees Celsius. In these states, more than 22 states and cities have been reported a maximum temperature which is above 44 degrees Celsius.

As per IMD, a blistering heatwave engulfed parts of Delhi this Friday as the maximum temperature of the national capital reaches 43.5 Celsius.

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Northeast India witness pre-monsoon rain & thundershower activities. Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Odisha are also witnessimg pre-monsoon rain since last 4-5 days. The new monsoon will be 12mm shorter than older-monsoon & highly erratic month-to-month, Skymet report. #HeatWaves #monsoon #premonsoon #monsoon2022 #India #Bihar #jharkhand #WestBengal #Odisha #heatwaveinindia #GlobalWarming #climateaction #climatechange https://www.instagram.com/p/CdIDt-Do10E/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[townpostin]

Jharkhand Braces for Widespread Rainfall as Monsoon Intensifies

IMD predicts light to moderate showers across state; temperatures expected to drop Jharkhand anticipates widespread rainfall as the monsoon trough and associated depression fuel active weather conditions across the state. RANCHI – The Indian Meteorological Department’s Ranchi centre forecasts light to moderate rainfall across Jharkhand as the monsoon remains active. A meteorological official…

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[annieboltonworld]

Juniper Publishers- Open Access Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources

Changes and Challenges of Climate in India

Authored by Ashutosh Mishra

Abstract

Climate is a critical factor that determines the habitability of a place. India is a vast country, in terms of population and also in terms of diversity, and any significant change in the climatic conditions will affect country's physical and social setup. Agriculture, health, biodiversity, natural disasters etc. are the major challenges that the country will have to face in changing climatic regimes. Present paper has analyzed the temperature and rainfall data of past 102 (1911-2012) years to know the climatic changes during the past century. It is observed that while temperature has witnessed a significant rise over almost all the parts of the country, rainfall has a two-tailed trend. The state level analysis reveal that out of total 36 states, half of the number (18) have recorded an increase and rest have witnessed a decline in rainfall. Whatsoever trends are, they indicate that climate is changing (somewhere significantly, somewhere underway), and we need to devise policies in favour of environmental conservation and will have to adopt resource frugal living as has been suggested by the old Hindu scriptures.

Keywords: Humanogenic enhancement; Chaotic system; Geomorphic processes; Physio-climatic condition; Societal diversity; Heterogeneous topography; Interglacial phase

Introduction

Earth's climate has changed throughout all the course of its history and will continue changing in future also as the factors determining properties of the climate at a place are changeable due to dynamic nature of Earth and various solar ingredients. However, besides these forces, human activities are also considered as a factor of change in climate owing to his potentially increasing perturbations in the land, water and air systems. Passing through scholarly works of Joseph Fourier [1], John Tyndall [2], Svante Arrhenius [3], TC Chamberlin [4], GS Callendar [5] and CD Keeling [6] our knowledge about heat retaining capacity of atmospheric gases and their humanogenic enhancement in the air has increased several folds. Undoubtedly the human activities are polluting all the three basic ingredients of nature- the land, the water and the atmosphere by adding something unnatural or unwanted in these systems.

Although, there are naturally operating feedbacks that work to neutralize the enhanced effects up to a limit, but when the change becomes unmanageable, it may result in to a catastrophe. Climate is a chaotic system which fate depends on its initial state, and, therefore, changing the initial will change the fate. In simple words, we can say that current atmospheric (/climatic) properties will decide the future climate. And, this is all about our concern for climate change. If we are changing, the change will happen, but it may be catastrophic.

India's Concern

The physical and social settings of India are quite varied. Its large agriculture base, Himalayan-fed plains, huge rural population, and dense rural and urban settlements make it a climatologically sensitive state. For a long time the Indian glaciers have been in the center of climate change debate, and it is feared that in near future they may witness a significant loss in volume due to rise in surface temperature. This change will also affect the livelihood of a large part of country's population that depends on river waters originating from the melt of these glaciers to meet their variety of needs viz. irrigation, drinking etc. In addition to this, the melting of glaciers at a faster rate will speed up the geomorphic processes that may lead to frequent landslides and floods.

India is a diversified country and the challenges that it may face due to climate change, are multi facet. While temperature changes can adversely affect the quantum and spatial pattern of rainfall resulting into drought and flood like situations in different parts of the country, changes in normal rainfall pattern can affect Indian agriculture very adversely. Destruction of forests due to arid situations, forest fire and loss in mangrove cover due to change in coastal water are likely impacts of climatic changes. Forests nurture a great wealth of biodiversity and their removal or extinction will not only affect human society but will also pose a great threat to this vast biological world. India's coastal areas are highly vulnerable to cyclones that may affect the human habitat and livelihood in these regions. Salinization of agricultural land due to sea level changes and the possibility of loss in productivity of fisheries are also the probable changes that we may face in future. Climate related changes will also increase the risk from diseases like respiratory and cardiovascular ailments, vector-borne infections, heat stress and smog-induced respiratory illnesses etc. These health issues are another area of concern for the country as a large part of India's population lives below poverty line.

Undoubtedly country’s unique physio-climatic condition and its societal diversity make it vulnerable to climate change, and therefore, accurate estimation of ongoing and possible future changes is of utmost importance. Present paper attempts to map the temperature and rainfall changes over India during last 100 years and suggests ways to address the challenges emanating from these changes. The analysis uses a 102 years (1911-2012) temperature and rainfall dataset of the country, obtained from IMD, Pune and India water portal, and a simple trend analysis was performed to figure out the changes.

Changes in Temperature and Rainfall Patterns over India

The analysis reveals that during the last century while the temperature over the country has increased (+0.54°C/100 Years), the rainfall has declined (-9 mm/100 Years) (Figure 1). The results of trend analysis for temperature changes over states have been presented in Table 1.

Source: Computed.

The analysis clearly shows that out of 36 states, 32 have recorded a significant warming during the last century. Interestingly the southern states have witnessed maximum rise in temperature. Although, a continuous belt comprising of four states- Chandigarh, NCT of Delhi, Punjab and Haryana did not show any significant warming, but even temperature was on rise in this belt also during the past century. Overall 17 states have shown more warming than the country as a whole (0.54°C). The states of Jammu and Kashmir and West Bengal warmed equally as compared to India, while 12 states were below the national mark (Figure 2). It is noteworthy that poverty stricken and densely populated states are low on warming while the fast- growing coastal states are on the warmer side.

The analysis of the rainfall trend at the national level shows a negative but insignificant change of 0.9 cm. during the last century. Obviously, the average quantum of rainfall over 102 years has declined which is very revealing. As shown in Figure 1, there are several spells of increase and decline in rainfall, however, the overall pattern is quite noisy and fluctuating. The state level analysis of rainfall patterns has been shown in Table 2. It is very interesting to note that out of 36 states, half of the states (18) have recorded an increasing while the rest half of the states (18) have recorded a decreasing rainfall trend during the last century. There are only 8 states which demonstrate any significant change in the rainfall. Out of these 8 states, 6 states namely NCT of Delhi, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir, Telangana, Haryana and Andhra Pradesh have recorded a significant increase while the states of Bihar and Chhattisgarh have witnessed a decrease in rainfall (Figure 3).

Source: Computed.

The regression results indicate that the states which ones witnessed high rainfall are likely to experience either drought or comparatively less rainfall in the coming years. It is also interesting to note that the states such as Punjab, NCT of Delhi, Haryana and Chandigarh, where the temperature trend was not significant, have witnessed positive change in rainfall. It is evident that the most poverty-stricken states like Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh and the major rain fed agricultural regions of the country- the Ganga Plains, are facing rainfall deficit. Overall, it may be said that temperature is witnessing a rising trend whereas rainfall on an average has shown a declining trend. The state level analysis, however, does not categorically support this outcome because there are several regional variations. The data analysis, on the whole, reveals that the southern part is more fragile in terms of variation in temperature because this is likely to witness greater rise in temperature as compared to the northern part of India.

Conclusion

Temperature is the most important parameter that controls the overall weather and climate of a place, and once it undergoes uneven changes, it may intensify the general impacts of climate change. Due to heterogeneous topography and climatic conditions, the rise in the surface temperature is not the same over all parts of the country, and it was observed that the fragile ecosystems (like mountains) are more vulnerable to change than comparatively stable ecosystems (like plains). The Northwest region of the country, which is the key to trigger monsoon, has recorded moderate while the Southern region has recorded a very significant rise in temperature during the past century. This has great bearing on the pressure gradient between these two monsoon defining locations. This is an indication of weak monsoon and its untimely trigger over the Indian Sub-continent. The uneven warming trend has developed local warm patches affecting the monsoon mechanism.

This local influence has fragmented the Indian monsoon and increased the frequency and intensity of climatological disasters in the country. The Indian mountains are warming significantly and, thus, are attracting more clouds and torrential rains. Heavy rain increases the viscosity between rock layers and as a result often brings massive landslide in these areas. High temperatures than usual in the coastal and North-east regions of the country have increased the instances of storms occurrences in recent time. Extended deep-depression over these regions provide more energy to cyclonic winds on account of which these cyclones are becoming more lethal day by day, even after sufficient technological development and increased awareness.

For more articles in Open Access Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources please click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/ijesnr/index.php

[vignaniasacademy]

24-04-2020 Daily Current Affairs & News Analysis

Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy INTERNATIONAL DAY OF MULTILATERALISM AND DIPLOMACY FOR PEACE On April 24 2020, the second official International Day of Multilateralism and Diplomacy for Peace is being celebrated.

About: Date of international observance: 24 April of every year. Background: The International Day was officially approved on 12 December, 2018 by United Nations General Assembly through a resolution. Objective: To disseminate the advantages of multilateralism and diplomacy for peace through educational and public awareness-raising activities.  Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy

Discounts on IAS coaching fee in Bangalore

Facebook buys 9.99% stake in Reliance Jio for Rs 43,574 crore

Social media giant Facebook has picked up a 9.99 % stake in Reliance Industries’ Jio Platforms at Rs 43,574 crore ($5.7 billion) making it the largest FDI for minority investment in India.

About: Jio Platforms is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Reliance Industries Limited that works on digital apps, digital ecosystems and the mobile service. The investment by Facebook put the value of Jio Platforms at Rs 4.62 lakh crore pre-money enterprise value — that is $65.95 billion at a conversion rate of Rs 70 to a Dollar. The first collaboration will happen around the Jio Mart.  Important Info : Significance: This brings one of the world’s largest Internet companies on the table with India’s largest telecom player.The $5.7-billion deal pushes the Indian conglomerate ahead in its plans of de-leveraging its balance sheet. in August 2019, Reliance Industries Chairman Mukesh Ambani had said the group had prepared a roadmap for becoming a zero net-debt company within 18 months.It not only marks Facebook’s long-pending formal entry into India’s telecom sector but also catapults it to a place among the biggest foreign investors in India’s technology space.The arrangement among Reliance Retail, Jio Platforms and Facebook-owned WhatsApp to offer consumers the ability to access the nearest kiranas, or grocery stores, by transacting with JioMart using WhatsApp, has come at a very opportune time.  Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Discounts on IAS coaching fee in Bangalore

NOOR

Iran announced that it successfully launched Noor, the nation’s first military satellite.

About: The satellite, dubbed “Noor” or light, was sent into orbit using a long-range rocket. Such a launch raised concerns among experts on whether the technology used could help Iran develop intercontinental ballistic missiles. This is another move in the fight between U.S and Iran over the regime’s missile programs.  source: Indian Express (International Relations) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy National Innovation Foundation-India (NIF) boosts new varieties of Anthurium, a flower with high market value, by lady innovator from Kerala.

About: Anthurium (Anthurium spp.) is a vast group of beautiful blooming plants available in a wide range of colors. Salient features of the Anthurium varieties are: Large beautiful flowers; Different colors of spathe and spadix; Long stalks; Better shelf life and Good market value. They are beautiful but also purify the surrounding air and remove harmful airborne chemicals like formaldehyde, ammonia, toluene, xylene, and allergens. Due to Its importance of removing toxic substances from the air, NASA has placed it in the list of air purifier plants. Important Info : Recent Development: Vasini Bai, a women innovator from Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, has developed ten varieties of Anthurium by cross-pollination. In 2017, she was awarded with the state award at the Ninth National Biennial competition organized by National Innovation Foundation-India (NIF).Now, NIF has facilitated mass multiplication and large scale production of these varieties. Source : PIB (Environment) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy

100% quota for tribal teachers: Supreme Court

A Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court held it unconstitutional to provide 100% reservation for tribal teachers in schools located in Scheduled Areas across the country.

Key highlights of the Judgement: The court held that 100% reservation is discriminatory and impermissible. The opportunity of public employment is not the prerogative of few. It is an obnoxious idea that tribals only should teach the tribals. When there are other local residents, why they cannot teach? Merit cannot be denied in toto by providing reservation. A 100% reservation to the Scheduled Tribes has deprived Scheduled Castes and Other Backward Classes also of their due representation. The court also referred to the Indira Sawhney judgment, which caps reservation at 50%. The government is “duty-bound” to periodically review the reservation process to ensure that the benefits “trickle down and are not usurped by” the affluent in these categories (OBCs and the SC/STs). Important Info : Background: The case stemmed from a legal challenge to a order issued in 2000 by the Andhra Pradesh Bench providing 100% reservation to the Scheduled Tribe candidates, out of whom 33.1/3% shall be women, for the post of teachers in schools located in the Scheduled Areas of the State.  Source : The Hindu (Social Issues) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Discounts on IAS coaching fee in Bangalore

NanoBlitz 3D & 4D

Scientists from International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI) an autonomous institute under the Department of Science &Technology, has developed NanoBlitz 3D. About: NanoBlitz 3D is an advanced tool for mapping nano-mechanical properties of materials like multi-phase alloys, composites, and multi-layered coatings. It enables the performance of a large array, typically consisting of 1000s high-speed nano-indentation tests, wherein each indentation tests takes less than one second to measure hardness and elastic modulus of a givenmaterial. The high-speed mapping capabilities of the tool can also be used to quickly establish structure-property linkages at a micrometer length scale or higher, which can help to understand multiscale mechanics and aid in development of hierarchical materials. This, in turn, expedites the development of high-performance novel materials under an Integrated Computational Material Engineering (ICME) approach. Source : PIB (Science and Technology) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy KASOWAL BRIDGE Border Roads Organisation (BRO) has constructed and opened a new permanent bridge on the ‘Ravi River’ connecting Kasowal enclave in Punjab to the rest of the country.

About: The 484-meter bridge was built by Border Roads Task Force (BRTF) of Project Chetak. The enclave of around 35 square kilometres had hitherto been connected via pontoon bridge of limited load capacity which used to be dismantled every year prior to the Monsoon or else it would have got washed away in the strong currents of the river.  Source : PIB (Geography) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy

Litchi has nothing to do with encephalitis:

Litchi farmers in Bihar anticipate huge losses due to the ongoing lockdown as the supply chain will be disrupted during the peak season.

About: Litchi (Litchi chinensis) is a fruit belonging to Sapindaceae family. The origin of litchi is from southern China. Litchi reached India through Myanmar and North East region during the 18th Century. India is the second largest producer of litchi in the World after China. Bihar, West Bengal, Assam and Jharkhand are major producers of Litchi in the country. Bihar, especially Muzaffarpur district, accounts for almost 40% of the total litchi production in the country. The National Research Centre on Litchi (NRCL), located at Mushahari in Muzaffarpur, Bihar, is a premier national institute for conducting research and developments on litchi. It was established in 2001 by Ministry of Agriculture under the aegis of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). It started functioning from 2002.  Source : The Hindu (Economy) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Discounts on IAS coaching fee in Bangalore

Centre, State can fix sugarcane price, says Supreme Court

A Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court held that both the Central and State governments have the power to fix the price of sugarcane under the Concurrent List of the Constitution.

About: However, the Bench said that even though a State cannot fix a “minimum price” if the Centre has already fixed it, the State is always welcome to fix the “advised price”. The advised or remunerative price shall be higher than the minimum price in accordance with the provisions of the Sugarcane (Control) Order, 1966, issued under Section 16 of the Uttar Pradesh Sugarcane (Regulation of Supply and Purchase) Act, 1953. The case revolved around a petition by the Western Uttar Pradesh Sugar Mills Association questioning if the State had the power to fix a minimum price when a similar price had already been set by a Central legislation.  Source : The Hindu (Economy) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Discounts on IAS coaching fee in Bangalore

Quality mangoes from Jagtial flood national markets

The prevailing lockdown has impacted the harvest and sale of Jagtial mangoes.

About: The ‘Benishan’ or Banganapalli variety of Mangoes is widely grown in Jagtial district of Telangana. Marketed as “Jagtial mango - Telangana” in Delhi, Chandigarh, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Lucknow, Gwalior and Srinagar, the mangoes are popular for their quality, taste and long shelf-life and hence are more in demand in the export market,  The Jagtial mangoes arrive late into the market after the first week of April, have less water content and more shelf-life and hence are more in demand in the export market.  Source : Times of India ( Economy) Read UPSC Current affairs and Daily News Analysis from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Vignan IAS Academy Discounts on IAS coaching fee in Bangalore Read more and Latest Current affairs Contact Vignan IAS Academy Enroll For IAS Foundation Course from Best IAS Academy in Bangalore Read the full article

[ancienthinduism]

THE DEMOLISHER OF POISON :Manasa ~The hindu goddess of the serpentines

Manasa is famous as the goddess of serpents, very powerful and worshipped in different forms and with different names throughout India. The goddess is worshipped mainly during the rainy season, when the snakes are most active. There is a belief that Manasa protects the people from snake bite. MANASA the mythological deity of the serpents is worshipped for the prevention and cure of snakebite and also for fertility and opulence. In the Puranas, Manasa is featured as the sister of Vasuki, king of Nagas. She is the wife of great sage Jagatkaru. Manasa is also known as the Vishahara, the demolisher of poison. 

LEGENDS OF THE GODDESS :

According to scriptures the parentage of Manasa Devi is under confusion. Some legends suggest that She was born to Sage Kashyap and Kadru who was the sister of serpent-king Sesha. While some other scriptures suggest that Manasa was Lord Shiva's daughter. But popular stories suggest that Manasa was born from Sage Kashyapa's mind. Hence Her name is 'Manasa' meaning born out of mind. According to the Puranas, Sage Kashyapa married Goddess Manasa to Sage Jaratkaru who married Her on a condition. Jaratkaru said that if Manasa ever disobeys him, then he will desert Her. Once Goddess Manasa awakened Jaratkaru very late in the morning and he was late for his morning prayers. He became furious at Manasa and deserted Her. Later he came back and they had a son named Astika.

SIGNIFICANCE & ICONOGRAPHY :

Goddess Manasa is also linked with fertility and worshipped for the revival and protection from several incurable diseases. She can be worshipped in the form of an idol or even as a formless power. She is known as the daughter of famous sage Kashyapa and Kadru, the sister of serpent king Sesha and also the sister of Vasuki, one of the most important Nagas. Manasa is known to be a pre-Aryan goddess who is most commonly worshipped in different parts of West Bengal state of India. She is ritually invoked with sacrifices and offerings. The tale of Manasa is called “ Manasamangal “ where the story of her gaining recognition and attainment a place among the Hindu pantheon of gods and goddesses are depicted. She is also the name of a form of Lord vishnu born out of Sambhuti, along with the gods Abhutarajasas in the Rawala Manwantara. 

Manasa is depicted as a graceful Goddess adorned with the ornaments which are actually snakes. She sits on a lotus under a hooded canopy of the seven cobras. She is often portrayed as a 'one-eyed Goddess' or sometimes with Her son Astika on Her lap.

Worship of the Serpentine Goddess

During the monsoon season, Goddess Manasa is worshiped, mainly in the eastern Indian states of Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand, and Orissa, throughout the months of June, July and August (Ashar - Shravan), a time when the snakes leave their nesting ground and come out into the open and become active. In Bangladesh, the Manasa and Ashtanaag Puja is a month-long affair spanning July and August. Devotees pay obeisance to goddess Manasa and perform various 'pujas' or rituals to appease her. Special 'murtis' or statues of the goddess are sculpted, various sacrifices made, and prayers chanted. In some places, worshippers are seen to pierce their bodies, poisonous snakes are displayed on the altar, and live shows depicting the life and legends of Manasa Devi are performed.

[brajeshupadhyay]

Coronavirus LIVE Updates: India has conducted over 3.6 crore COVID-19 tests so far, says health ministry

08:16 (IST)

Coronavirus in India LATEST Updates

Russia formally approaches India for COVID-19 vaccine 'Sputnik V

The Russian Ambassador on Tuesday reached out to India as New Delhi had formally approached for Covid-19 vaccine, Sputnik V, reports News18.

 The Indian embassy in Moscow has been engaging with the Gamaleya National Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, which has developed the vaccine, to get safety and efficacy data on the vaccine trials.

08:10 (IST)

Coronavirus in India LATEST Updates

SC refuses to allow NEET exams abroad; students allowed to return by Vande Bharat flights

The Supreme Court on Monday rejected a plea to set up centres for the NEET examabroad, and directed the Centre to allow overseas students wanting to appear for NEET 2020 to travel to India on Vande Bharat flights.

The Bench, headed by Justice L Nageswara Rao, added that the students must be quarantined for 14 days. However, the court allowed students to approach the respective state governments with pleas for a shorter quarantine period.

The court also told the Medical Council of India (MCI), which is the body that conducts the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) exam, that it should consider holding the exam online from next year.

Read full report here

08:03 (IST)

Coronavirus in Karnataka LATEST Updates

Karnataka eases travel restrictions: No quarantine for inter-state travelers

The Karnataka government on Monday eased the coronavirus-induced lockdown that imposed restrictions on inter-state travel, including stamping on the hand indicating whether the individual is coronavirus- infected and the 14-day mandatory quarantine.

The government issued a new circular to this effect to travellers arriving in Karnataka from other states and Union Territories.

The inter-state travellers include businessmen, students, labourers and those passing through irrespective of their purpose of visit or duration of stay in the state, the circular read.

Read full report here

07:57 (IST)

Coronavirus in Odisha LATEST Updates

Odisha's COVID-19 tally rises to 81,479; toll mounts to 419

Odisha's COVID-19 tally shot up to 81,479 on Monday as 2,949 more people tested positive for the infection, while 10 fresh fatalities pushed the state's death toll to 419, a senior health official said.

Cuttack registered the highest number of fresh cases at 589, followed by Khurda (474), Jajpur (215) and Ganjam (179), he said.

A total of 1,826 cases were detected from quarantine centres, while 1,123 people tested positive for the infection during contact tracing, the official said.

07:54 (IST)

Coronavirus in India LATEST Updates

Unlock 4.0 phase to begin from 1 September

The government is likely to allow resumption of Metro train services in the ''Unlock 4'' phase beginning 1 September, but schools and colleges may not reopen anytime soon, officials told PTI on Monday.

Bars, which are so far not allowed to reopen, may be permitted to sell liquor over the counter for takeaway.

Metro rail services may be allowed from 1 September when the ''Unlock 4'' phase in the graded reopening from the coronavirus-induced lockdown will begin, an official said.

Read full report here

07:46 (IST)

Coronavirus in West Bengal LATEST Updates

COVID-19 discharge rate improves in West Bengal

The discharge rate of Covid-19 patients in West Bengal has improved to 78.46 percent on Monday from 58.54 percent on 18 August the state health department said. Altogether 3,285 patients were released from different hospitals during the day.

The death toll due to coronavirus mounted to 2,851 after 57 people succumbed to the disease, while the states tally reached 1,41,837 with 2,967 new cases of infection, the department said in a bulletin.

07:40 (IST)

Coronavirus in Jharkhand LATEST Updates

Shibu Soren, diagnosed with COVID-19, shifted to hospital

JMM chief Shibu Soren, who was diagnosed with COVID-19 last week, was shifted to a private hospital here on Monday as a precautionary measure, official sources told PTI

Soren, 76, and his wife Roopi tested positive for COVID-19 on Friday and were in home isolation as they did have symptoms, they said. However, taking into account his age and medical record, the former chief minister was shifted to the Medanta Hospital here in the evening, they added.

His condition is currently stable, official sources said.

07:38 (IST)

Coronavirus in India LATEST Updates

India has tested over 3.5 cr people for COVID-19 so far, says Centre

According to the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, India has tested more than 3.5 crore people for COVID19  so far, resolutely following its 'TEST TRACK TREAT' strategy. 

"As the first step towards timely identification, prompt isolation & effective treatment, higher testing also  results in limiting the spread of infection," it said in a tweet.

#IndiaFightsCorona India has tested more than 3.5 crore people for #COVID19 so far, resolutely following its 'TEST TRACK TREAT' strategy.@PMOIndia @drharshvardhan @AshwiniKChoubey @PIB_India @COVIDNewsByMIB @CovidIndiaSeva @DDNewslive @airnewsalerts @ICMRDELHI @PTI_News pic.twitter.com/tcm38I6wPe

— Ministry of Health (@MoHFW_INDIA) August 25, 2020

07:36 (IST)

Coronavirus in Haryana LATEST Updates

Haryana CM, Speaker, 2 BJP MLAs test positive

Haryana Chief Minister Manohar Lal Khattar, Assembly Speaker Gian Chand Gupta and two BJP MLAs tested positive for COVID-19 on Monday, two days before the Monsoon Session of the Assembly is set to begin, reports PTI.

Khattar's test report came positive on Monday, six days after he had attended a meeting with Union Jal Shakti Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, who was later found infected with the virus.

The chief minister was taken to the PGIMER hospital here for a detailed check-up in the evening, an official said.

Coronavirus LATEST Updates: According to the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, India has tested more than 3.5 crore people for COVID19  so far, resolutely following its 'TEST TRACK TREAT' strategy

The tally of coronavirus cases in India crossed 31 lakh with a rise of 61,408 new cases on Monday, and the recovery rate rose to 75.27 percent with a total of 23,38,035 cured patients recorded so far, the Union health ministry said.

The COVID-19 caseload mounted to 31,06,348, a day after it crossed 30 lakh, while the toll rose to 57,542 with 836 new casualties being reported in a span of 24-hours, the data updated at 8 am showed.

The COVID-19 case fatality rate has declined to 1.85 percent, the ministry said. The total count of cases includes 7,10,771 active cases, which comprise 22.88 percent of the total caseload.

According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), a cumulative total of 3,59,02,137 samples have been tested up to 23 August with 6,09,917 samples being tested on Sunday.

ML Khattar, Haryana Speaker test COVID-19 positive

Haryana chief minister Manohar Lal Khattar, Assembly Speaker Gian Chand Gupta, and two BJP MLAs tested positive for COVID-19, two days before the Monsoon Session of the Assembly is set to begin.

Khattar's test report came positive on Monday, six days after he had attended a meeting with Union Jal Shakti minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, who was later found infected with the virus.

Khattar was taken to the PGIMER hospital for a detailed check-up in the evening, PTI reported, adding that his condition was stable.

"I was tested for novel coronavirus today. My test report has returned positive. I appeal to all colleagues and associates who came in my contact over the last week to get themselves tested. I request my close contacts to move into strict quarantine immediately," the chief minister tweeted.

Khattar's earlier test report came negative for COVID-19 on Thursday, two days after he had attended the meeting with Shekhawat over the Sutlej Yamuna Link canal issue in New Delhi. The chief minister had on Thursday decided to go into home quarantine for three days as a precautionary measure.

Khattar, who is also the Leader of the Assembly, will not be available for the Monsoon Session. He underwent the test on Monday as mandated by the Speaker for all MLAs and Assembly staffers ahead of the session, beginning 26 August.

Speaker Gupta (73) and BJP MLAs Aseem Goel and Ram Kumar also tested positive for COVID-19, the state government said.

Meanwhile, Goa chief minister Pramod Sawant said that the oxygen levels of Union AYUSH minister Shripad Naik dropped on Monday. Naik is also COVID-19 positive.

Sawant added a joint team of doctors from the Command Hospital, New Delhi and AIIMS  will be arriving in Goa on Monday night to take stock of Naik's medical condition. Naik is an MP from Goa.

The team will decide whether to shift Naik to Delhi for further treatment, Sawant added.

Centre likely to allow metro services to resume from 1 Sept

The Centre is likely to announce 'Unlock 4' guidelines this week, PTI reported. The permission to resume metro services across the country from 1 September, is likely to be among the new guidelines. States will, however, take the final call on reopening the rapid transport networks depending on the coronavirus situation there.

Metro services were suspended in late March to combat the spread of the novel coronavirus, which has infected more than 31 lakh people in the country so far.

The 'Unlock 4' phase is part of the Centre's graded lifting of restrictions due to the coronavirus-induced lockdown.

Meanwhile, schools and colleges may not reopen anytime soon, the report said. Bars, which are so far not allowed to reopen, may be permitted to sell liquor over the counter for takeaway.

The report quoted officials as saying that deliberations are underway on whether to allow reopening of higher educational institutions such as universities, IITs and IIMs.

There is almost no possibility of allowing cinema halls to reopen from 1 September as it will not be commercially viable for film-makers or cinema hall owners to operate following social distancing norm.

In the 'Unlock 4' guidelines, the central government will only mention about prohibited activities and the rest can resume. The state governments will take a final call on additional activities that should continue to remain prohibited during the 'Unlock 4', the report said.

Hong Kong researchers report first documented coronavirus re-infection

Researchers in Hong Kong documented the first case of a cured coronavirus patient getting reinfected, reports said on Monday.

A man who recovered from COVID-19 was infected for the second time, four and a half months later "in the first documented instance of human re-infection", researchers at the University of Hong Kong were quoted as saying by Reuters.

"The findings indicate the disease, which has killed more than 800,000 people worldwide, may continue to spread amongst the global population despite herd immunity," the report said.

SP Balasubrahmanyam tests negative for COVID-19

Singer SP Balasubrahmanyam has tested negative for coronavirus and he is stable and fine, his son SP Charan said on Monday.

"My father is fine and stable and his coronavirus test has tested negative," he said in a statement. The 74-year old, hugely popular for his singing skills in several languages,was admitted to MGM Healthcare on 5 August after he tested positive for COVID-19.

According to a hospital bulletin issued on 22 August, the playback singer was on ventilator in the Intensive Care Unit.

State-wise cases and deaths

Maharashtra reported 11,015 new cases of COVID-19 and 212 deaths on Monday. The total number of cases in the state now stands at 6,93,398, including 5,02,490 recoveries and 1,68,126 active cases, the state's health department said.

Tamil Nadu reported 5,967 new COVID-19 cases and 97 deaths, taking total cases to 3,85,352, including 3,25,456 discharges and 6,614 deaths. The number of active cases stands at 53,282, according to the health department.

In Delhi, 1,061 new cases, 1,200 new recoveries, and 13 deaths were reported. The total number of cases are now at 1,62,527, including 1,46,588 recovered cases, 11,626 active cases and 4,313 deaths, the Delhi government said.

Madhya Pradesh reported 1,292 new cases of coronavirus and 17 deaths. The total number of cases are now at 54,421, including 11,944 active cases, 41,231 recoveries and 1,246 deaths.

Punjab reported 1,516 new cases today. The total number of cases rises to 43,284 including 13,798 active cases, 28,357 recovered cases and 1,129 deaths so far, as per the state's health department.

With inputs from PTI

via Blogger https://ift.tt/3j9BKbI

[townpostin]

Monsoon Intensifies: Heavy Rain Alert for Jharkhand

Southern and central regions brace for downpours; thunderstorms forecast in multiple districts Jharkhand’s weather department warns of intense monsoon activity, with heavy rainfall expected from July 30 to August 1. RANCHI – Meteorologists predict heightened monsoon vigor across Jharkhand, particularly affecting the state’s southern and central areas. Dr. Abhishek Anand, a climate expert at the…

[noorarora1]

Weak El Nino conditions likely next month, says IMD weather report

The southwest monsoon, which has been relatively quiet during the week that ended on August 29, isn't expected to show a big improvement in the next fortnight, with rainfall activity likely to be below normal from the second week of September. In its latest weather update, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) said that there was possibility of development of weak El Niño conditions in the last part of the four-month monsoon season, which began from June. Overall, the monsoon till August 30 has been 6 per cent less than normal, with several districts of north interior Karnataka, Rayalaseema, Bihar, Jharkhand, Saurashtra and Kutch staring at a shortfall. The rainfall, according to agriculture ministry officials, has been well-distributed, though overall quantum might have been low in some regions. This they said won’t have any impact on the overall production of kharif crops in 2018, which is poised for another record. On Tuesday, India said its overall foodgrains production in 2017-18 (July to June) was at an all-time high of 284.83 million tonnes, almost 2 per cent more than the last estimate that came in June, and 9.72 million tonnes more than 2016-17. The rise, however, hasn’t been beneficial for the growers because price of several commodities particularly pulses slumped due to bumper harvest.

[diginewspoint-blog]

New Post has been published on https://diginewspoint.com/country-as-a-whole-likely-to-receive-normal-monsoon-except-east-and-north-east-imd/

Country as a whole likely to receive normal monsoon, except east and north-east: IMD

During July, the monthly rainfall over the country is likely to be 101 per cent of its Long Period Average (LPA) and 94 per cent of LPA during August, both with a model error of plus or minus nine per cent.

The east and the northeast regions are likely to get scanty, “below normal”, rainfall, said the Met department and a “normal” monsoon has been predicted for the rest of the country.

The Met also told PTI that “normal” monsoon would be unchanged in the second stage long-range forecast.

During July, the monthly rainfall over the country is likely to be 101 per cent of its Long Period Average (LPA) and 94 per cent of LPA during August, both with a model error of plus or minus nine per cent.

“Rainfall over the country as a whole for the 2018 southwest monsoon season (June to September) is most likely to be normal (96 to 104 per cent of LPA). Quantitatively, the monsoon season (June to September) rainfall for the country as a whole is likely to be 97 per cent of the LPA with a model error of plus or minus 4 per cent,” the India Meteorological Department said.

Read LIVE updates: Monsoon LIVE Heavy rain lashes Mangaluru, southwest monsoon advances

A probability of 43 per cent of normal monsoon has been considered by the IMD.

“Below normal “rainfall” is when it ranges between 90-96 per cent of the LPA, while in the range between 96-104 per cent of the LPA is considered as “normal”. The rainfall is “deficient” when it ranges below 90 per cent and ranging between 104 and 110 per cent is read as “above normal”.

Rainfall above 110 per cent of the LPA is read as “excess” rainfall.

The IMD stated that during the next 48 hours, the conditions seem favourable for its further advancement into parts of north-eastern states. Conditions are also favourable for further advance of the southwest monsoon into more parts of south peninsula around June 3.

“Rainfall activity is likely to increase over parts of Maharashtra and Goa states from June 6,” the IMD said.

Also Read: Monsoon Preparedness: Ensure better coordination, says CM Devendra Fadnavis to disaster control agencies

Last month, in the first long-range forecast, the IMD had predicted that the country is likely to receive 97 per cent of the LPA which, is read as normal monsoon with a margin of plus and minus five per cent.

“Region-wise, the seasonal rainfall is likely to be 100 per cent of LPA over northwest India (comprising states of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi) 99 per cent of LPA over Central India, 95 per cent of LPA over South Peninsula and 93 per cent of LPA over east and northeast India (West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar and the northeastern states) all with a model error of plus or minus 8 per cent,” it added.

The country is likely to receive “excess” rainfall in June ranging up to 111 per cent of rainfall, stated Skymet, a private weather forecasting agency. While in July and August, the rainfall is expected to be “normal” falling down to 97 and 96 per cent of the LPA respectively.

Skymet also said that monsoon is likely to revive in September which might record rainfall of 101 per cent of the LPA.

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Sambar Deer at Betla National Park Jharkhand

White Tiger

Betla National Park is located in the Palamau district of the state of Jharkhand.Palamau Sanctuary is spread over an area of 979sq.km. The core area of 232 sq. kms of the sanctuary was declared as Betla National park in September 1989. The park occupies the western parts of the Chotanagpur plateau and was constituted in the year 1960 as an extension of the Hazaribagh National park. Palamau has the distinction of being the forest where the world’s first tiger census was enumerated in 1932. The park became one of the earliest 9 tiger reserves in India under ‘Project Tiger’ in 1974.

Niligai

Attractions

The Animals

Large herds of Gaur and Chital are commonly seen. Elephants are present mostly after the monsoons up to the time when water holes begin to dry up in March. Tiger, Panther, Sloth Bear, Wild Bear, Sambhar, Nilgai, Kakar, Mouse Deer are also permanent residents. Large families of langurs are an ever present attraction.

The Birds

Bird-life is rich featuring the hornbill, peafowl, red jungle fowl, black, white necked stork, black ibis, swamp grey, quail, the pied born bill, wagtails, doves, drongo, the papiha and other birds usually found in dry deciduous forests. The famous Kamaldah lake attracts several varieties of water birds including the common whistling and cotton teal, the comb duck, snipe and geese.

Safaris

The best way to get around the park is through the safaris that are arranged for tourists. There are daily safaris that are usually conducted in jeeps that belong to the forest department and they are safe as they are equipped with protective grills. The park is covered by thick forest; however sighting wildlife is not a problem. There are a few hot springs and waterfalls in the park as well and these are also included in the safaris.

One of the most popular activities here is the elephant ride and these are available for short distances. However since they are popular, they might have to be booked in advance. There is a tree house located near a watering hole that is used to watch animals.

Best Time To Visit

The best time to visit Betla is between October and April. But the wildlife sightings are highest in the hot season May and June. The most comfortable time to visit in terms of climate is between November and March.

Accommodation

The accommodation facilities in the tourist complex, include a three star hotel, tourist lodges with canteen, log huts and tree houses inside the forest with fully furnished suites. The tree house overlooks a watering hole a few yards away where the animals gather in the summers to quench their thirst. STD/ ISD, Postal and Internet facilities are available in the reserve area. Bihar State Tourism Development Corporation’s Van Vihar is available for stay. Phone: 06562-86513

Contact

Director, Project Tiger (Jail Compound), Betla P.O.Daltonganj Palamau Phone: 0656286 -350

How To Get There

By Air The nearest airport Ranchi is connected by daily flights to all Indian Metros. Most resorts have pick-ups facilities. MP Tourism also arranges pick-ups on advance notice. By Rail The nearest railhead is at Daltonganj from where one can take either taxi or bus. By Bus Betla is easily accessible by road. It is 25 kms from Daltonganj and 140 kms from Ranchi.

Photo Gallery

White Tiger

Sambar Deer at Betla National Park Jharkhand

Niligai

White Necked Stork

Betla National Park is located in the Palamau district of the state of Jharkhand.Palamau Sanctuary is spread over an area of 979sq.km.