#micro-kernel

[mp3monsterme]

Bucharest Tech Week Conference - Monoliths in a Microservices World

Last week I was fortunate enough to have the opportunity to present at the Software Architecture Summit as part of the Bucharest Tech Week conference. My presentation, Monoliths in a Microservice World, was all new content that, by chance, worked well bringing together a number of points made by other speakers. The presentation aimed at the challenges of adopting Microservices and whether…

[psi-hate]

What about bird girls? Oh and robot girls? Android girls??

all deserve all the birdseed, voltage and bloat-free micro-kernels they can get their hands on in my humble opinion

[utopicwork]

Learning about Redox as a jumping off point for working on my own Rust based micro kernel because I have a very specific idea about utilizing WASM and finding some other very interesting projects like

[brandwhorestarscream]

Idea for Amnesiac!Shockwave: he was a warframe who didn’t want to serve his designated function and instead wanted to become a scientist, so he used his size-changing powers to appear as an altmode that was deemed “appropriate” to have such a job and ended up interning at the Autobot Ministry of Science. However, upon finding out the Ministry of Science’s more unethical projects, he was horrified and attempted to share the horrors of what they had done to the rest of Cybertron, only for both his plans and true altmode to found out by the Autobot High Command, who subjected him to empurata as punishment for his “treason”, spreading of “malicious slander”, and refusing to serve his function, alongside shadowplay so that he would be incapable of telling anybot what he had discovered.

Amnesiac!Shockwave is a huge dork, very emotional and socially awkward but very earnest and passionate about both equality between frametypes and his line of work (Basically, you know Milo Thatch from Atlantis: The Lost Empire? That’s him full stop.), at least assuming that the shadowplay isn’t in effect here. If it is, however, he still displays that persona but as a form of masking to try his best to retain a sense of normalcy and hide the fact that something is “wrong” with him. (To potentially make it even more angsty, given how Animated!Shockwave has been shown to be kind of sassy with a dark sense of humor, perhaps the shadowplay was botched and left him incapable of feeling positive emotions/genuine happiness that isn’t derived from another’s misfortune or just unable to feel love and empathy.)

He also ends up forging a close bond with Bumblebee and acts as an older brother to him, similar to his dynamic with him in his Longarm disguise except 100% genuine. Whether Bee feels the same or is deeply uncomfortable by it depends on what point in the series he loses his memories and whether or not Bee knows the truth about Longarm yet.

(Oh, and he’s still devoted to Megatron, just in more of a ‘squealing fanboy’ sense. The dude’s super upset he can’t find his copy of Towards Peace anywhere because if he did he would be BEGGING on his servos and knees for Megs to sign it.)

We have almost exactly the same ideas about amnesiac Shockwave XD I originally didn't include him cuz he's not part of the earth cast, but I can delve into it real quick

Amnesiac Shockwave in TFA is reverted back to a young, idealistic, and incredibly passionate mech. Shockwave is the most curious person you've ever met, always humming and hawing and investigating anything he can get his hands on. He's overflowing with energy 24/7, a whirlwind of emotions, constantly bouncing from one topic to another at the drop of a hat. He always has like a minimum of three projects going on at once, and the fastest way to get his attention is to offer a kernel of knowledge he doesn't yet have access to

He's so eager and overly friendly he's honestly A Lot to deal with. He talks a mile a minute (not super speed enhanced speech like Blurr, but rather a sort of autistic/ADHD rambling infodump) and will follow around anyone that will listen. As a born war frame and stuck on the southern half of the planet he didn't naturally have access to higher education or even of-quality information a lot of the time, so when he was young he may or may not have spent time teaching himself how to hack and manuever around firewalls on the internet just so he could read and learn.

Big agree on him using his ability to shapeshift to infiltrate the north and go to school--he wanted nothing more than to learn. Science is his greatest love and he always pushes for more, more, more!

But, enough backstory. With him stranded on earth with no memories, he's just an overly-excited neurodivergent science student that is over the moon to be on an organic planet. Think of all the things to study! Carbon based life forms, evolution on micro and macro levels, a functioning water cycle, weather patterns, polar vertices, planetary rotations, everything you could imagine! He's never been so excited! Starry eyed and full of joy, it's tangible even tho he doesn't have a face anymore

Since TFA Shockwave is considerably more expressive and sassy than, say, his Aligned iteration, I hc him to either have not been shadowplayed, or having a very minor case. So his mental state is still pretty stable, but the changes to his body... they definitely come as a shock. The usefulness of his hands has been severely cut down, only 3 barely-dexterous claws instead of fully articulated fingers and a thumb is a huge blow. Not to mention his face--he doesn't even look like a person anymore, and it's the cause of much despair. Yeah, he can shapeshift, but it's not the same. This could also open the door to the earth team being introduced to what empurata is, another horror of the autobots' past that has been erased for the sake of making them look good. State-funded mutilation of citizens isn't exactly a good look, after all

[cute-the-niini]

I have yet another iteration of Kate :')

While I was trying the screen out i found the old case to be a bit too big for my comfort (it was a bit bigger than the PSP), so im now trying something in the direction of the DS (as in, a flip-console, not a real dual screen one... although i am toying with having two screens, we'll see...)

Here's what it looks like open:

And here's what it looks like closed. The neat thing about the DS format is that it has a smooth top side, which in turn lets me indulge in: cute illustrations on the cover!

(Also I've decided to just expose some of the connectors from the Raspberry Pi directly rather than trying to have everything going through a single USB-C connector. It's a bit more complex-looking but it also means you don't need a separate docker for doing basic things with it. I haven't written the kernel driver for the micro-SD expansion yet so we'll see if that survives after my first attempts :'>)

I'm hoping to have a few prototypes 3d printed over the next couple of months. I'll report back once I manage to fit every component neatly inside the case and figure out how hinges are supposed to work :'>

Oh! The thumb stick on the left is also new. No support for it in the OS yet, but at least that part isn't hard (getting analog input through the pi with my baby electronics knowledge OTOH...). Haven't decided if I'll settle for just one thumb stick yet, but also I want to avoid moving too far away from the DS/PSP-era in terms of input capabilities...

[micro-froggit-official]

Hello

Micro Froggit crawls out of an empty corn kernel skin and waves at you

[izder456]

iz's guide to new users of *nix systems

I am sure you have probably heard of this thing called "not windows", after all, why would you be reading this document?

Some of the most popular "not windows"…okay joke is done��free software systems are based on this little thing called "Linux", and for the particularly deranged, one of the BSD projects.

But isn't that for nerds? (ewwww bleaugh, i *hate* nerds)

Not necessarily so. These systems have made grand strides over the years. I personally believe they can make a great alternative desktop for those bent on trying something new.

The purpose of this blog entry is to informally introduce you to some potential options for incoming users. I will give a brief overview of the options presented. and Ultimately, let you decide what you use in the end of the day. That is, if you are willing to put up with my antics.

But why?

Well, this is a sort of loaded question. There are a plethora of reasons one may try out an alternative operating system. I'll try to highlight the big ones:

You may just dislike what you ran before.

You are just curious and your friend won't shut up till you try it. heh, don't knock it if you hadn't tried it, eh?

Your hardware has gotten old. You were considering throwing it in the bin, but damn that keyboard was nice and throwing it out would be disrespectful.

You dislike what you ran before for ethics reasons. Maybe you dislike windows by their controversial decisions regarding whatever the hell Micro$hat's doing nowadays.

Your system was getting slow and you wanted to breathe new life into it. You might have heard these systems are lighter and run more smoothly.

So where should you start?

Honestly, it depends. I'll start by giving an overview of popular options and their derivatives and let you decide.

There are two big "Groups" of systems I will discuss here. Those being the many Linux distributions, and the *BSD projects.

Linux? Please don't lecture me now…

Linux is by far, a very popular base for alternative desktops. But what even is it?

Linux is an operating system kernel started by finnish programmer, Linus Torvalds. What is a kernel? For your purposes, it doesn't really matter. But think of it as the heart of your system. Its the core clock that keeps your system clicking.

But why Linux?

Linux has a very "freedom" focused development model. All users can see, edit, and modify the source code if they wish. But you certainly aren't a developer, so what gives? Well, I'll tell ya:

Linux's culture ensures transparency. Everyone can see the code. You can see what the hell is running on your system if you really wanted to.

This transparency also brings the concept of "many eyes". By the amount of eyes on the project, in theory, its more likely that security patches are implemented more quickly and bad actors are constantly under scrutiny.

Do you trust microsoft and their arguably small team of developers to catch everything? Likely no, and you can't trust Linux developers either. But, you can be more confident in that the project has a much wider set of eyes on it.

This system is by users, for users.

You are interested in Linux, what are the options?

There are three major branches of distribution of Linux.

Remember how I said that Linux is a "kernel"? Yeah, that's not the full system. This is where "distributions" come in. Distributions provide a neatly packaged and pre-configured set of software that runs on top of the Linux kernel. This makes for a simpler set up instead of doing everything manually.

The three biggies I'll discuss here are as follows:

Debian & Debian-based

Arch & Arch-based

RPM-based

Debian & Debian-based

This branch is nicknamed the "granddaddy of all distributions". Its the oldest and most adapted base of Linux Distribution.

Debian strives on keeping things rock hard and stable. This comes at a cost of slightly older software, but damn it will work. and it will work very damn well.

It also is by far the most popular for incoming users.

Of course, you can install Debian itself if you want. Its pretty nice. but there are options based on it that are popular as well.

If going this route, https://debian.org

Popular Linux distributions based on Debian:

Linux Mint (https://linuxmint.com)

Peppermint OS (https://peppermintos.com/)

Ubuntu (https://ubuntu.com)

Pop!_OS (https://pop.system76.com/)

Arch & Arch-based

Arch is probably the one you heard about the most. Its users love telling you about the fact that they use it.

Arch is considerably more difficult to set up, so fair warning. It can be done, and it makes a very solid system when set up.

Its "Killer Feature" is the "AUR", or "Arch User Repository". This provides a online inventory of user-contributed software that isn't otherwise available. This gives much more flexibility in how you want to use the system, but this software can be of dubious quality, so tread lightly.

Arch is also "Bleeding edge". This means that you get the latest greatest software. This can lead to potentially breaking changes, and sometimes even instability.

If you wanna try out arch "as is" and go through the install manually, you can, https://archlinux.org

Some Popular Arch Based Distributions:

EndeavorOS (https://endeavoros.org)

CachyOS (https://cachyos.org)

RPM-based

RPM stands for "redhat package manager". Redhat has a complex history. It became something called "Fedora Workstation". Lots of history why, but all you really need to know is that the most "vanilla" consumer Linux distribution based on Redhat is Fedora. There is also somthing called Redhat Enterprise Linux, but this is more geared towards corporate use, and frankly it's beyond the scope of this blog entry.

Fedora is known to incorporate newer standards, and be the flaming sword forward in the Linux ecosystem. Their changes can be radical but the ripple effect is well felt.

If you want a vanilla experience: https://tryfedora.org

Some popular RPM-based systems:

OpenSUSE (https://opensuse.org)

Nobara Linux (https://nobaraproject.org)

Mageia (https://mageia.org)

BSD, what's that?

First off, BSD isn't like Linux. Its a very historic operating codebase dating all the way back to the AT&T UNIX in the 1970s. Each of the BSD projects are derivatives of the original "BSD", and are also independently developed from one another. This means that just because something works on one of the BSD projects doesn't necessarily mean it will work the same way, or at all on another.

Each BSD is a fully complete working system out of the box. They aren't just distributed bits of software on top of the kernel, and as such they are more "Homgenous" in nature. This means that the main developer team can work on the core function of the system, and let users add on top what they want with something called the "ports" system.

Like Linux, all of the BSD Projects are fully open source. You can see, edit, and modify the code as you wish. Same benefits apply.

What the hell is ports? Okay, so you as a user may want to have some bit of software that isn't otherwise included in the base system out of the box. This is where ports come in. They let the user easily incorporate software on top of the base utilities and system. There are lots of software all ready made, set up, and waiting for you to install.

I keep saying "BSD projects", what "BSD Projects" are there?

There are three major BSD projects, each with different uses and goals: FreeBSD, OpenBSD, & NetBSD.

The BSDs tend to be a bit more involved to set up for new users, comparable to Arch Linux, but can be really solid systems cos of their incredible stability and sheer simplistic nature.

FreeBSD & FreeBSD-based systems

FreeBSD is the most popular of the three BSD projects. It boasts the fastest speed of the three, and makes for a solid server or even desktop system.

It tends to get the biggest changes made in how things work. Of the BSD's it is comparable to Fedora Workstation in terms of use-case and goals

If you wanted to try FreeBSD, know its more involved to set up than these derivatives (similar to Arch Linux), but here: https://freebsd.org

Some popular noob-friendly FreeBSD-based systems:

GhostBSD (https://ghostbsd.org)

NomadBSD (https://nomadbsd.org)

OpenBSD & OpenBSD-based systems

OpenBSD is very popular among security nuts. It boasts some of the tightest security on a system, albeit with a slight hit in performance. I personally use it and really love it. But its incredibly minimal out of the box, and isn't super beginner friendly.

If you want to "LARP" (live action role play) as me, here: https://openbsd.org

I also wrote this starter guide to OpenBSD with resources I have found over the 2 years I've daily drove it. (link)

I also wrote up my personal reasons I prefer OpenBSD over something like linux.

If new to OpenBSD, there aren't as many big derivatives for new users, but I personally recommend FuguIta, which is a live OpenBSD system that can be ran from a USB drive. It has a nice deskop setup script that walks you through everything. Its a great experience, but it may still be a little scary for new users. Nonetheless, here: https://fuguita.org

NetBSD

NetBSD is the old curmudgeon of the three BSDs. It has incredible support for random hardware that nothing supports anymore. If a piece of hardware can boot an operating system, it can likely run NetBSD. It is the "Doom" of the free software world. So much so, that their motto is: "Of course it runs NetBSD".

NetBSD unfortunately isn't the most popular of the three BSD projects, and as a result, there really isn't a great "user friendly" derivative of it. Here's the website if still interested: https://netbsd.org

Takeways:

So, you read the article, and decided on a system? good.

My tip is simple:

Choose what seems the most enticing to you, and force yourself to use it for a week on a spare machine. Try to make the system work for you.

So:

don't dual boot

don't virtualize it.

Force yourself to use it as much as possible.

You don't want a crutch to fall back on. You won't learn anything that way.

Cheers!

[hydralisk98]

LibreVastServitor computing stack designs 1/?

Just a quick reminder here, this is a customized computing stack manifestation game where I simply write what I desire and then let the wider universe manifest it for me whatever way that means, including personal efforts of mine. Boils down from customizing and adapting research material into a actionable series of items to manifest.

Ashur dream specifications

(mid-tower personal workstation computer)

2+ 2560x1440p monitors (one vertical, one or more horizontal)

Intel Core i5-4690 @ 3.5 GHz with its 4-cores (hoping forward to upgrade the RISC-V + OpenPOWER like processor for something decent with ~12-cores & much more open design) central processor unit

32GB of RAM

Some recent mid-range AMD GPU

64 GB Linux swap partition (mostly for virtual machines and RAMdisk partitions)

4TB+ SSD storage

Bluray burner

Floppy drive

Cassette / datasette drive

Themed GRUB bootloader

S6 init system

Arch-like package manager and software ecosystem

Customized alternative Linux kernel between Linux Libre & Zen kernel ( XanMod + Liquorix )

ZealOS, Parade, OpenBSD, OpenIndiana...

CLADO, DIS, Venera, Perseus, Maskoch, Synod, Monad, Valenz, Constans?

KDE Plasma with Liquid shell as desktop environment, complete with custom ricing, dot files & all the KDE desktop environment utilities;

Bash + Fish, Tmux, Astro-Neo-Vim with LSP, Emacs, LibreOffice Suite, Calligra, Bottles, Wine, WineTricks, QGIS, Firefox, LibreWolf, Dolphin, Konsole, Inkscape, Karbon, OpenStreetMap, GPlates, GProjector, Itch, Steam, GOG Galaxy, Lutris, Cyberpunk 2077, Ken Silverman's, FreeBASIC, Common Lisp, Godot + Qodot, VLC, MPV, .ogg / .ogv media player, musical tracker, 'Landchad.net', Brasero, K3B, FloppyFormatter, LibreCAD, AutoCAD, Blender, Kate, Qt, Nim, MUSL, C compiler, assembly monitor, HxD debugger, Rust, Swift, Kotlin, F#, C#, GNU make, NASM, Sweet Home 3D, some digital audio workstation software, Audacious, FFMPEG, Wayland, Morevna OpenToonz, some HTTP(S) web server suite, MongoDB, Hexo, Netlify CMS, RSS feed reader + generator, Pomodoro, Calendar, timely Tracker, Notion-like service, Tape, Gollum, some level editors, FreeCiv, The Sims 2, SimCity 4, Quake 1, Doom 1 & Doom 2, Markdown / Argdown, Konqueror, some WYSISYG rich media editor, some Raycaster engine, Daggerfall Unity, Portal 2, Source (1 & 2) Engine modding, some VirtualTableTop software, some remote desktop control software like VNC, OpenSSH, some distributed share storage software, Trenchbroom, StableDiffusionXL, ChatGPT open source alternative, DAO, Krita, GIMP, G'MIC & its plugins, PaintDotNet, CataclysmDDA, CataclysmBDA, Evennia, Python 3, Firefox for KDE (Developer Edition), Perl, PHP, MariaDB, lighttpd, Apache, Nginx, Themix Oomox GTK+ theme editor, Falkon, ...

Custom shell scripts, interactive REPL programming languages, some GUI programs, command aliases and dot file configurations;

?

Venera (computation "deque" project)

Original components:

RISC-V + OpenPOWER = LibreVast (tribble word-based open hardware architecture designed for daily use & tinkering developer purposes)

Tropix + OGAS = Nucleus (optimized distributed processing micro-kernel, like 'Inferno' & 'Plan9')

RedSeaFS + Parade = CLADOgram (direct-access rich media agentive filesystem & file server suite)

KDE + POSIX-compilant CDE = VUE (lightweight desktop environment with profound customization options)

CommonLisp w/ CLOS + Nim = Pan-Lisp (both low-level and high-level REPL programming language)

Existing components:

Fish, Tmux, Vim, Konsole, Flatpak, Git

KDE Plasma w/ Liquid shell alternative

Konqueror, LibreWolf

GIMP w/ G'MIC & Krita w/ G'MIC

Hexo (flat blog self-hosting web server), MariaDB, "Landchad.net" stuff

QEMU, Wine, Wine-tricks, Proton, Bottles, Lutris

Trenchbroom, Godot w/ Qodot

Kate, KDevelop, Okteta, Mousepad, Notepadqq

[...]

[todayworldnews2k21]

Huawei to launch HarmonyOS on PCs next year · TechNode

Chinese tech giant Huawei’s self-developed operating system HarmonyOS for PCs is nearing completion and is set to launch next year, as reported by the 21st Century Business Herald. Huawei introduced HarmonyOS in 2019, showcasing a micro-kernel architecture and supporting diverse applications. Huawei sources have disclosed the aim to extend HarmonyOS to more terminals, reinforcing the company’s…

[netpen-info]

[ad_1] Microwaves are infamous havens for meals splatters and different residue, however it seems they will additionally harbor a slew of micro organism which can be proof against warmth, too.  That’s the conclusion of a stunning new analysis revealed within the journal Frontiers in Microbiology. For the research, researchers swabbed 30 microwaves in households, places of work, and microbiology laboratories, and cultured the outcomes to see what occurred. From there, they analyzed the DNA of the microbes they discovered.  General, the researchers discovered 747 sorts of micro organism, though the categories different by the place the microwaves had been positioned. Residence microwaves contained micro organism like Staphylococcus, which might trigger a variety of infections in folks. The kitchen microwaves additionally had extra microbes than the others, though the microwaves in labs had a extra various vary of micro organism.  Microwave-resistant micro organism in shut contact along with your meals appears like a recipe for catastrophe, however microbiologists say it’s not as scary because it appears at first look. Right here’s what they need you to know.  How can micro organism survive within the microwave? First, it’s vital to go over how microwaves work. These home equipment warmth issues up by vibrating water molecules inside meals, says Donald Schaffner, Ph.D., a microbial danger evaluation and cross contamination skilled at Rutgers College. This produces warmth and usually will kill micro organism that could be lurking inside. However, after all, nothing is ideal.  Residence microwaves warmth gadgets inconsistently, which signifies that some places in meals will obtain larger warmth than others, explains Ahmed Yousef, Ph.D., professor of meals microbiology at The Ohio State College. In consequence, if one thing splatters out of the container you’re heating meals or liquid in, it might comprise micro organism.  The water content material within the meals issues, too. “The drier the meals, the much less more likely to be heated by microwave power,” Yousef says. “Even popcorn has some water contained in the kernels. With out that water, it will not pop within the microwave oven.” Microorganisms that wind up within the microwave often get there from meals you place inside, and will come off with splashes and splatters because the meals cooks, Yousef says. “Many of the splashing will land on the partitions, corners, and even the ceiling of the unit,” he continues. “These places usually are not designed to obtain the microwave power; the middle is the place a lot of the power goes. Due to this fact, microorganisms in these off places would survive for a while.” Sadly, the drier these particles get with time, the more durable it's to kill any micro organism inside, even once they’re repeatedly nuked by a microwave, Yousef says.  Can microwave micro organism contaminate your meals? That’s up for debate. “Definitely, if a microorganism is sitting contained in the oven cavity of a microwave, it’s most unlikely to have the ability to leap from there to get into meals,” Schaffner says. Which means, if the meals you’re heating up is inside a glass container or on a plate, you’re possible OK. However in the event you warmth meals up by putting them immediately onto your microwave’s turntable, this may very well be a possible difficulty.  What can occur in the event you ingest microwave-friendly micro organism? It depends upon the kind of micro organism, which tends to be linked to the kind of meals you’re heating up, Yousef says. “I might fear about spilled milk, soup, or stew, as a result of these nutritious meals are additionally good for rising microorganisms,” he says.  However even when microorganisms find yourself in your meals, Schaffner says you’ll possible be OK. “Each genera of potential foodborne pathogens — Bacillus and Staphylococcus — want excessive ranges of the microorganism to be current earlier than any vital danger to human well being,” he explains.

So, whereas there's a particular ick issue, the small quantity of both micro organism that could be lurking on the partitions of your microwave or on the turntable might be not going to make you sick.  “I’m actually not nervous about getting my meals contaminated from something that may be inside a microwave,” Schaffner provides.  Methods to reduce microwave micro organism in your meals There are some things you are able to do to decrease the danger you’ll have heat-resistant micro organism lurking in your microwave. One is to do your greatest to reduce splatters and spills. “Cowl meals — vent holes could also be wanted — however cowl so the meals doesn’t explode out of the container,” says Janet L. Buffer, M.P.H., R.D., senior institute supervisor on the Institute for Meals Security and Vitamin Safety at The George Washington College. “Protecting meals may also scale back the potential for contamination.”  It’s admittedly a ache, however doing all of your greatest to wash your microwave repeatedly can be vital, Buffer says. “Spills and explosions needs to be cleaned up instantly utilizing heat soapy water and rinsed with clear water,” she says. “An antibacterial cleaner is an additional advantage, however usually, the antimicrobial cleaner have to be utilized after the tools is washed after which rinsed.” Yousef additionally stresses the significance of being on prime of your microwave hygiene. “If we clear spills as quickly as they occur, and do each day cleansing or checking to verify no meals residues are accumulating within the microwave, I see no hurt,” he says. [ad_2]

[archiveosorg]

MacMach

MacMach – the Mach 3.0 micro-kernel with the CMU UX single server and BSD/Tahoe utilities. The kernel version is MK83 and the server is UX28. The MacMach runs on the Macintosh machines: II, IIx, IIci, IIfx, SE/30, ClassicII at least 8MB ram. https://archiveos.org/macmach/

[arielmcorg]

#Radiogeek - Linux Torvalds muy enojado con Intel - Nro 2581

Es bien sabido que el creador del Kernel Linux, es muy “efusivo” cuando realiza declaraciones, aunque en esta oportunidad es bien cierto que, tanto él como el equipo detrás del Kernel, trabaja sin remuneración para adecuar el mismo y hace bastante tiempo sufre los problemas que Intel lleva a sus micros. Quizás lo más lógico de la critica de Torvalds, es que los desarrolladores de la comunidad no…

[atplblog]

Price: [price_with_discount] (as of [price_update_date] - Details) [ad_1] Features: 1. Compatible with USB specification revision 3.1 gen 1 and backward compatible with USB 2.0 & USB 1.1. 2. Support Windows Vista and Windows XP without device driver. 3. Support Windows 7, Windows 8 and Windows 10 without device driver. 4. Support MAC OS X and later without device driver. (USB 1.1 speed) 5. Support MAC OS 10.2.8 and later without device driver. (USB 2.0 speed) 6. Support MAC OS 10.8 and later without device driver. (USB 3.1 GEN 1 speed) 7. Support Linux Kernel ver 2.4.0 or above without device driver. (USB 1.1 speed) 8. Support Linux Kernel ver 2.4.10 or above without device driver. (USB 2.0 speed) 9. Support Toggle 1.0 / ONFI 2.0 speed 10. High performance with small form factor PCBA. 11. Low power consumption. 12. Hot Plug & Play without driver installation. 13. Powered by USB port, no external power is required. 14. Transfer rate for USB interface : Super speed up to 5Gbit/sec for USB 3.1 GEN 1 High speed up to 480Mbits/sec for USB 2.0 Full speed up to 12Mbits/sec for USB 1.1 15. Operating temperature : 0℃ to 70℃ 16. Humidity : 20% to 90% Micro Center Mini Flash Drive for USB Type C Devices, easily transfer files between smartphones, tablets and computers. Free up space on your Android smartphone (Mobile device requires USB Type-C port and On-The-Go (OTG) support). Storage is fast, safe and stable High-Speed USB 3.0/USB 3.1 Gen1 performance of up to 120MB/s Read Speeds to ensure transferring data never slows you down, backward compatible with USB 2.0 and 1.1 ports Exquisite and Compact, with 1.89" *0.71" * 0.31"(length*width*height) dimension can take it with you anywhere in your pocket. Keyhole design makes it easier to carry without worrying lose it Easy to Use, the thumb drive is hot plug and play without driver installation. Supports Windows 7/8/10 / Vista / XP / Toggle / Linux and Mac OS. Working LED indicator is included Wide Compatibility - USB flash drive support TV, desktop, notebook computer, audio and other device with type-c ports (Note: not available for car). Experience the light weighted, compact design, super performance and fast data transfer with Mini Type-C Flash Disk [ad_2]

[newsssc]

Ecolution Patented Micro-Pop Microwave Popcorn Popper with Temperature Safe Glass, 3-in-1 Lid Measures Kernels and Melts Butter, Made Without BPA, Dishwasher Safe, 3-Quart, Aqua

Price: (as of – Details) A revolution in popcorn has arrived! The days of pre-packaged and unhealthy popcorn are now things of the past. Ecolution’s Micro-Pop popcorn popper allows you to make fresh, delicious, and healthy popcorn with total ease. The wide mouth opening makes prepping and cleaning easy. Simply measure your fresh popcorn kernels in the lid, drop them directly into the popper,…

[this-week-in-rust]

This Week in Rust 562

Hello and welcome to another issue of This Week in Rust! Rust is a programming language empowering everyone to build reliable and efficient software. This is a weekly summary of its progress and community. Want something mentioned? Tag us at @ThisWeekInRust on X (formerly Twitter) or @ThisWeekinRust on mastodon.social, or send us a pull request. Want to get involved? We love contributions.

This Week in Rust is openly developed on GitHub and archives can be viewed at this-week-in-rust.org. If you find any errors in this week's issue, please submit a PR.

Want TWIR in your inbox? Subscribe here.

Updates from Rust Community

Official

2024 Leadership Council Survey

Embedded Working Group Community Micro Survey

Foundation

What's in Store at RustConf 2024

Project/Tooling Updates

git-cliff 2.5.0 is released!

Ferrocene 24.08.0 now available!

Go wild: Wildcard support in Rules and a new open-source wildcard crate

Why am I writing a Rust compiler in C?

Current zlib-rs performance

Bon builder generator 2.0 release 🎉

Meilisearch 1.10

Observations/Thoughts

Rust dylib rabbit holes

I sped up serde_json strings by 20%

Using StringView / German Style Strings to Make Queries Faster: Part 1 - Reading Parquet

Rust as My First Language

Doctests - How were they improved?

MiniJinja: Learnings from Building a Template Engine in Rust

Standards for use of unsafe Rust in the kernel

Rust vs C++: A Real-World Perspective (interview with Tyler Weaver)

A Piece of UNIX History in Rust

Why Amazon, Cloduflare and Discord are building servers in Rust but you should probably not

Rust Walkthroughs

Let the API protect you

Packaging a Rust Program for Fedora

Building a Bevy Plugin for Rolling Dice

[video] Implementing a Lox interpreter in Rust

[video] Command line tools: Implementing wc in Rust

[video] Explore Linux TTY, process, signals w/ Rust - Part 1/3 (background info)

Research

On the Impact of Memory Safety on Fast Network I/O

Miscellaneous

Can DARPA’s TRACTOR Pull C to Rust for Memory-Safe Overhaul?

Crafting a Blockchain in Go and Rust: A Comparative Journey — Private keys, Public Keys and Signatures [Part 1]

[video] A Multiplatform Mobile Navigation SDK with Rust at the Core

Crate of the Week

This week's crate is wtx, a batteries-included web application framework.

Thanks to Caio for the self-suggestion!

Please submit your suggestions and votes for next week!

Calls for Testing

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Call for Participation; projects and speakers

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Updates from the Rust Project

429 pull requests were merged in the last week

add Trusty OS as tier 3 target

CFI: erase regions when projecting ADT to its transparent non-1zst field

add missing module flags for CFI and KCFI sanitizers

repr_transparent_external_private_fields: special-case some std types

add a special case for CStr/CString in the improper_ctypes lint

avoid extra cast()s after CStr::as_ptr()

const checking: properly compute the set of transient locals

ctfe: make CompileTimeInterpCx type alias public

detect * operator on !Sized expression

do not ICE on non-ADT rcvr type when looking for crate version collision

don't consider locals to shadow inner items' generics

don't generate functions with the rustc_intrinsic_must_be_overridden attribute

don't trigger refinement lint if predicates reference errors

fix extern crates not being hidden with doc(hidden)

fix handling of macro arguments within the dropping_copy_types lint

implement -Z embed-source (DWARFv5 source code embedding extension)

improve diagnostic-related lints: untranslatable_diagnostic & diagnostic_outside_of_impl

interpret: immTy: tighten sanity checks in offset logic

lint on tail expr drop order change in Edition 2024

llvm-wrapper: adapt for LLVM 20 API changes

make ArgAbi::make_indirect_force more specific

make writes_through_immutable_pointer a hard error

more work on zstd compression

mv build_reduced_graph_for_external_crate_res into Resolver

pal/hermit: correctly round up microseconds in Thread::sleep

panicking: improve hint for Miri's RUST_BACKTRACE behavior

point at explicit 'static obligations on a trait

pretty-print own args of existential projections (dyn-Trait w/ GAT constraints)

print the generic parameter along with the variance in dumps

remove invalid TyCompat relation for effects

safe transmute: gracefully bubble-up layout errors

skip updating when external binding is existed

use assert_unsafe_precondition! in AsciiChar::digit_unchecked

use a LocalDefId in ResolvedArg

use old ctx if has same expand environment during decode span

use subtyping for UnsafeFnPointer coercion, too

miri: provenance_gc: fix comment

miri: readdir_r shim: assume FreeBSD v12+

miri: avoid extra copy by using retain_mut and moving the deletion into the closure

miri: disable tree traversal optimization that is wrong due to lazy nodes

miri: epoll: add a EINVAL case

miri: epoll: handle edge case for epoll_ctl

miri: fix a misleading comment in tests/pass/tree_borrows/tree-borrows.rs

miri: fix calling pipe, pipe2, socketpair with a pointer-to-array

miri: implement SHA256 SIMD intrinsics on x86

miri: make Tree Borrows Provenance GC no longer produce stack overflows

miri weak memory emulation: put previous value into initial store buffer

stabilize opaque type precise capturing (RFC 3617)

stabilize const_fn_floating_point_arithmetic

stabilize iter::repeat_n

stabilize feature char_indices_offset

implement debug_more_non_exhaustive

add Box::as_ptr and Box::as_mut_ptr methods

add const_cell_into_inner to OnceCell

add f16 and f128 inline ASM support for aarch64

add a precondition check for Layout::from_size_align_unchecked

add implementations for unbounded_shl/unbounded_shr

change neutral element of <fNN as iter::Sum> to neg_zero

library: move unstable API of new_uninit to new features

fix thread::sleep Duration-handling for ESP-IDF

fix: fs::remove_dir_all: treat internal ENOENT as success

put Pin::as_deref_mut in impl Pin<Ptr> / rearrange Pin methods

implement ptr::fn_addr_eq

hashbrown: deprecate the raw entry API in favor of HashTable

hashbrown: rework the Entry API

cargo: mdman: Normalize newlines when rendering options

cargo resolve: Dont show locking workspace members

cargo: be more permissive while packaging unpublishable crates

cargo: add matches_prerelease semantic

cargo: -Cmetadata includes whether extra rustflags is same as host

cargo: doctest respects Cargo's color options

cargo: limiting pre-release match semantics to use only on OptVersionReq::Req

cargo: log details of failure if no errors were seen

cargo: more helpful missing feature error message

rustdoc-search: use tighter json for names and parents

rustdoc: animate the :target highlight

rustdoc: show exact case-sensitive matches first

rustdoc: Generate source link on impl associated types

clippy: declare_interior_mutable_const: Ignore pointer types

clippy: add new too_long_first_doc_paragraph first paragraph lint

clippy: add new lint: used_underscore_items

clippy: check std::panic::panic_any in panic lint

clippy: diverging subexpression lint should not fire on todo!()

clippy: fix manual_range_patterns case with one element at OR

clippy: fix confusing message in double_must_use lint

clippy: fix suggestion unnecessary_lazy_eval

clippy: ignore underscore-prefixed args for needless_pass_by_value lint

clippy: rewrite empty_line_after_doc_comments and empty_line_after_outer_attr, move them from nursery to suspicious

clippy: start removing snippet_opt in favor of get_source_text

rust-analyzer: add new assist toggle_macro_delimiter

rust-analyzer: allow declaring cfg groups in rust-project.json, to help sharing common cfgs

rust-analyzer: add workspace level config to ratoml

rust-analyzer: always show error lifetime arguments as '_

rust-analyzer: don't enable the search fast path for short associated functions when a search scope is set

rust-analyzer: expand proc-macros in workspace root, not package root

rust-analyzer: fix "Unwrap block" assist with block modifiers

rust-analyzer: fix Return Type Syntax to include .. (i.e. method(..) and not method()) as specified in the RFC

rust-analyzer: fix metadata retrying eating original errors

rust-analyzer: fix trait method completions not acknowledging Deref impls

rust-analyzer: improve proc-macro panic message and workspace loading failure diagnostic

rust-analyzer: run flycheck without rev_deps when target is specified

rust-analyzer: rust-analyzer should watch build files from rust-project.json

rust-analyzer: wrong Self: Sized predicate for trait assoc items

rust-analyzer: wrong Sized predicate for generic_predicates_for_param

rust-analyzer: implement floating point casts in const eval

rust-analyzer: perf: speed up search for short associated functions, especially very common identifiers such as new

rust-analyzer: remove the ability to configure the user config path

Rust Compiler Performance Triage

Approved RFCs

Changes to Rust follow the Rust RFC (request for comments) process. These are the RFCs that were approved for implementation this week:

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Final Comment Period

Every week, the team announces the 'final comment period' for RFCs and key PRs which are reaching a decision. Express your opinions now.

RFCs

[disposition: merge] crates.io: Remove dev-dependencies from the index

[disposition: merge] Mergeable rustdoc cross-crate info

[disposition: merge] Guard Patterns

Tracking Issues & PRs

Rust

[disposition: merge] Proposal: stabilize const_refs_to_static

[disposition: merge] Check WF of source type's signature on fn pointer cast

[disposition: merge] rustdoc: add header map to the table of contents

[disposition: merge] doc: Make block of inline Deref methods foldable

Cargo

No Cargo Tracking Issues or PRs entered Final Comment Period this week.

Language Team

No Language Team Tracking Issues or PRs entered Final Comment Period this week.

Language Reference

No Language Reference RFCs entered Final Comment Period this week.

Unsafe Code Guidelines

No Unsafe Code Guideline Tracking Issues or PRs entered Final Comment Period this week.

New and Updated RFCs

[new] #[derive(Default)] on enum variants with fields

[new] [RFC] Default field values

[new] Simplify lightweight clones, including into closures and async blocks

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Quote of the Week

... opaque number sequences (\<GitHub> "issue numbers") are not very informative about what is behind that pointer, and pretending they are is harmful. People could provide, instead, actual reasons for things, which do not require dereferencing random pointers, which thrashes cache.

– Jubilee on rust-internals

Thanks to Anton Fetisov for the suggestion!

Please submit quotes and vote for next week!

This Week in Rust is edited by: nellshamrell, llogiq, cdmistman, ericseppanen, extrawurst, andrewpollack, U007D, kolharsam, joelmarcey, mariannegoldin, bennyvasquez.

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[oaresearchpaper]

Molecular Characterization of Aspergillus flavus in Imported Maize in Kenya

Abstract

Maize is a vital staple crop in Kenya, serving as a primary source of food and feed. Contamination of maize (Zea mays) by Aspergillus flavus  and the subsequent production of aflatoxins pose significant threats to food safety and human health. The risk of A. flavus contamination on imported maize at both gazetted and un-gazetted points of entry has not been extensively studied. The primary objective of this study was to examine the genotypic, phenotypic, and aflatoxigenic traits of A. flavus biovars derived from imported maize at Gazetted and Un-gazetted Points of Entries in Kenya. Furthermore, the study sought to establish the phylogenetic relationships among the identified A. flavus strains. A total of 600 imported maize samples were tested for aflatoxin contamination using the Total aflatoxin ELISA test. Out of 600 samples, 4.17% tested positive and were further subjected to morphological and molecular studies.  The morphological analysis revealed the presence of 13 biovars of A. flavus. Micro-morphologically, variations were observed in spore color, size, structure, conidiophore structure, and vesicle shape. The specific primers Calmodulin (CaM), the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the ribosomal DNA was successfully amplified in 10 out of the 13 biovars that were presumed to be A. flavus, confirming their positive identification as A. flavus. A single band of approximately 700 bp, which corresponds to the expected size of the ITS region in Aspergillus flavus, was observed in 10 out of the 13 biovars. This indicates the presence of A. flavus DNA in those biovars. The amplification of the ITS region provides a specific molecular marker for the identification of A. flavus. These findings highlight the significance of aflQ (ordA) and aflD (nor-1) genes as reliable markers for evaluating the aflatoxigenic potential of A. flavus biovars. Regarding aflatoxigenicity, DV-AM   method was used, and qualitative analysis was conducted. Out of the 13 biovars of A. flavus biovars tested, 23.08% exhibited aflatoxigenicity, while the remaining 10 biovars did not show any aflatoxigenicity. These findings indicate the presence of both aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of A. flavus among the imported maize samples. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that Taxon 31 (AY495945.1 Aspergillus flavus biovar 92016f aflR-aflJ intergenic region partial sequence) and Taxon 32 (NR 111041.1 Aspergillus flavus ATCC 16883 ITS region from TYPE material). This genotypic and phenotypic characterization provides valuable information for understanding the diversity and potential toxigenicity of A. flavus strains on imported maize. This study contributes to the understanding of the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of A. flavus on imported maize in Kenya.

Introduction

Maize plays a central role in the food security and livelihoods of Kenyan populations. It serves as a staple food crop for a significant portion of the population, contributing to both dietary needs and income generation. Moreover, maize is an essential component of livestock feed, supporting the growth of the domestic livestock industry. In sub-Saharan Africa as a whole, maize is ranked third in importance among cereal crops, following rice and wheat (Shiferaw et al., 2011). The cultivation and trade of maize have a considerable impact on regional economies and food systems. Maize (Zea mays) is often contaminated by Aspergillus fungal species during pre- and post-harvest practices, storage, and transportation. Studies by Horn (2007) showed that Aspergillus species are commonly found in the soil, which acts as a source of primary inoculum for infecting developing maize kernels during the growing season. Aspergillus flavus is distributed globally with a high frequency of occurrence in warm climates which favor the growth of the fungus (Cotty et al., 1994).

Understanding the population structure and genetic diversity of A. flavus is crucial for diversification of effective management strategies. Different strains of A. flavus may have varying levels of aflatoxin production and pathogenicity, which can influence the severity of contamination in maize (Abbas et al., 2013). Additionally, certain strains may exhibit resistance or susceptibility to control measures, such as biological control agents or fungicides. Therefore, identifying specific strains or groups within the A. flavus population can aid in the selection of appropriate control strategies to minimize aflatoxin contamination. Moreover, the genetic diversity of A. flavus may also have implications for host-pathogen interactions and disease development. Different strains may exhibit variations in their ability to infect maize kernels, colonize host tissues, and compete with other microorganisms in the maize ecosystem (Atehnkeng et al., 2014). Understanding these interactions can help in the development of resistant maize varieties and cultural practices that can limit fungal growth and subsequent aflatoxin production. The population structure and genetic diversity of A. flavus strains isolated from maize play a significant role in aflatoxin contamination and disease development. The existence of multiple strains within the A. flavus population highlights the need for comprehensive investigations to characterize their phenotypic and genotypic traits. Such studies will provide insights into the factors influencing aflatoxin production, the design of effective control strategies, and the development of resistant maize varieties to minimize the health and economic risks associated with aflatoxin contamination. Aspergillus species, including Aspergillus flavus, are of great concern due to their ability to produce aflatoxins, potent carcinogens and toxins that contaminate various agricultural commodities, including maize. The accurate identification and characterization of Aspergillus species is crucial for assessing their potential to produce aflatoxins and understanding their impact on food safety.

Gene sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool for the accurate identification and classification of Aspergillus species. In recent years, numerous studies have utilized gene sequencing data to characterize Aspergillus biovars from different sources. By comparing the genetic sequences of specific genes, such as the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, researchers can determine the species and genetic diversity within a population. In addition to genetic characterization, a polyphasic approach is commonly employed to identify and characterize Aspergillus biovars. This approach combines morphological and molecular analyses to provide a comprehensive understanding of the biovars. Morphological characteristics, such as colony color, texture, spore color, size and structure, conidiophore structure and vesicle shape are observed and recorded. These characteristics help in differentiating between various Aspergillus species and subgroups. Furthermore, molecular techniques, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing of specific genetic markers, allow for a more precise identification of aflatoxigenic and nonaflatoxigenic A. flavus biovars. These methods target genes associated with aflatoxin production, such as the aflatoxin biosynthesis cluster genes, to determine the potential of a biovar to produce aflatoxins. The combination of gene sequencing and polyphasic approaches provides a comprehensive understanding of the genetic diversity, population structure, and aflatoxinproducing potential of Aspergillus species, particularly A. flavus. This information is essential for risk assessment, development of effective control strategies, and ensuring the safety and quality of imported maize and other agricultural commodities.

This study contributed to the understanding of the population dynamics and potential risks associated with A. flavus in imported maize. Given the prominence of maize in Kenya, research efforts focusing on this crop are crucial. The genotypic and phenotypic characterization of A. flavus on imported maize assumes particular significance in the Kenyan context. A thorough understanding of the genetic diversity and potential for mycotoxin production in A. flavus populations is essential for developing effective control strategies and mitigating the health risks associated with mycotoxin contamination. Gazetted and un-gazetted points of entry play a crucial role in facilitating the importation of maize. However, the risk of A. flavus contamination in imported maize has not been thoroughly investigated, warranting a comprehensive genotypic and phenotypic characterization of this fungus. Understanding the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of A. flavus on imported maize is essential for several reasons. Firstly, it allows for the identification of specific genetic traits and phenotypic features associated with higher aflatoxin production, thus enabling the development of targeted control strategies. Secondly, it provides insights into the diversity of A. flavus biovars present in imported maize and their potential for aflatoxin contamination. This knowledge can contribute to risk assessment and management strategies aimed at preventing or minimizing aflatoxin contamination in the domestic maize supply chain.

Genotypic characterization involves studying the genetic makeup of A. flavus biovars to determine their relatedness, genetic diversity, and potential for toxin production. Several molecular techniques have been used for genotyping A. flavus, including random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) (Abdallah et al., 2018). These methods have provided valuable insights into the genetic diversity and population structure of A. flavus, highlighting the presence of distinct genotypes in different geographic regions (Klich et al., 2015). Phenotypic characterization involves studying the observable traits and behaviors of A. flavus, such as growth patterns, conidiation, and mycotoxin production. Phenotypic characterization is essential for understanding the pathogenicity and virulence of A. flavus strains on imported maize. Researchers have observed variations in colony morphology, growth rate, and sporulation among different A. flavus biovars (Calvo et al., 2016). Furthermore, studies have demonstrated the production of mycotoxins, particularly aflatoxins, by certain A. flavus strains (Chang et al., 2019). Phenotypic characterization provides valuable information for risk assessment and identifying high-risk A. flavus biovars in imported maize. The genotypic and phenotypic characterization of A. flavus on imported maize plays a crucial role in assessing the potential health risks associated with mycotoxin contamination. By combining genotypic and phenotypic data, researchers can identify highly toxigenic A. flavus strains and evaluate their prevalence in imported maize.

This information is essential for implementing targeted control measures, such as crop management strategies, post-harvest interventions, and storage practices, to minimize mycotoxin contamination and ensure food safety (Li et al., 2020). Investigating A. flavus on imported maize specifically at gazetted and ungazetted points of entry in Kenya is crucial. Gazetted points of entry are official border checkpoints designated for the importation of agricultural products, while un-gazetted points of entry refer to informal channels through which goods, including maize, are smuggled into the country. Analyzing both types of entry points can provide a comprehensive understanding of the risks associated with A. flavus contamination in imported maize, as well as the efficacy of control measures implemented at official checkpoints. In this study, we aim to conduct a detailed genotypic and phenotypic characterization of A. flavus on imported maize at both gazetted and un-gazetted points of entry in Kenya. We will analyze the genetic diversity, aflatoxin production capability, and other phenotypic traits of A. flavus biovars obtained from imported maize samples. By doing so, we hope to gain insights into the potential sources and pathways of A. flavus contamination in imported maize and develop targeted strategies to ensure the safety and quality of imported maize in Kenya.

Source :  Molecular Characterization of Aspergillus flavus in Imported Maize in Kenya | InformativeBD