#medical balloons catheters

[gstc-366]

[swagging-back-to]

tw lots of bad stuff, torture, violation, etc

one thing people allllways seem to overlook when it comes to someone being tortured by kept tied to a bed or in a tube or whatever is the use of catheters--both urethral and intrarectal-- colostomy bags, and any other waste collection device i dont know about.

it's already INCREDIBLY violating to have catheters put in with consent by someone you trust, let lone by your captor/abuser/torturer against your will. Not to mention the pain that comes with not being able to move and have control over your body, the possibility of severe infection if the device isnt changed or cleaned. colostomy bags are less violating surface level, but depending on the amount of colon an/or intestines removed, as well as if barbie bum surgery was conducted, it can be a drastically life altering and emotionally damaging experience knowing you'll never be able to shit on your own or actually feel your bowel movements (a slightly less life threatening con to this, specifically for gay males, is that they cant have have anal sex if they have barbie bum surgery). Depending on how much of the intestines were removed, malnutrition could also be a major risk. Colostomy bags also require much more upkeep and cleaning, because it's literally a gaping hole in your stomach leading directly to your organs.

[sarahowritesostucky]

📖"Hydra Sanatorium"

Rated: Explicit

Pairing: Bucky Barnes x Steve Rogers

Word count: 5112

Tags: a/b/o, medical institutionalization, cognitive disability, made up kinky medical things, diapers, catheters, non-con medical procedures, restraints, forced wetting, hurt/comfort, humiliation, kind!Careworker Steve, bratty!Patient Bucky, alpha Steve, omega bucky, dub con everything due to a/b/o biology, dry humping, forced orgasm, masturbation, implied self harm, orgasm therapy, age difference (19/30), omorashi

Summary: Bucky is a troubled teen coping with the traumatic transformation of late-onset omega puberty.

Steve's been developing too much of an attachment, he knows he has. But he might not have the self control to remain detached anymore.

A/N: This fic contains heavy medical kink, diapers/wetting, and a/b/o dub-con shenanigans. Consume Responsibly.

Wait! I think I missed a previous chapter! Series Masterlist

Chapter 5: Excited Catatonia with Aggression

It takes a while longer for Bucky to calm down, shuddering and shivering in Steve’s arms.

This session has been a big deal for the poor kid, since he’s been denied for so long. Omegas don’t do well when they don’t get release regularly. And Steve’s pretty sure that not only is Bucky sobbing because of that, but also because he’s likely been touch and sensory-starved at home as well. Who even knows the last time the boy was hugged, outside of a stay on-ward?

It is, unfortunately, going to be time to tell him about his family situation soon. Steve knows that if he doesn’t bite the bullet tonight, then his boss will do it for him tomorrow. And that won’t increase her confidence in Steve’s impartiality any. Steve could almost stomach her ire, but the part where Christina would be the one breaking the news to Bucky that his folks don’t want him is what sways Steve.

The kid deserves better than Doctor Raynor’s notoriously blunt demeanor. Christina doesn’t do it on purpose, but she’s ex-military and that’s very, very apparent in the way she approaches people. There’s a reason why she has a PhD and not an MD after her name. Raynor is much better suited to managing employees and administrative duties than she is dealing with patients … She tends to make them cry.

It’ll be much easier on Bucky if Steve is the one to tell him.

Still, after watching him come apart in his lap so beautifully, Steve has to pause a few times to steel himself for this conversation. “Well,” he says, trying to think of something else to help put the omega in a good mood. “You earned your reward. Been good all day. You want to take the cath out now?”

Bucky sits back with wide eyes. “Really?” he says, brightening. “Yeah! Can we?”

“We sure can, Sweetheart.” Steve kisses his cheek. “Good boys get nice things.” Bucky blushes, and Steve chuckles about it as he swaps out to a new pair of latex gloves. “Okay, bear with me here.”

It’s a simple process. All Steve has to do is use safety scissors to snip the inflation valve off the tubing, and a second later Bucky’s making a tiny noise of surprise, and the small amount of saline liquid that’d filled the balloon comes dribbling out. “Oohh,” he sighs, relieved. “Oh God. Thank you. Fuck, that was so annoying!”

Steve hums sympathetically. “I can imagine.” Having an object in one’s bladder giving the constant urge to pee doesn’t sound like a good time to him, either. But that’s why it’s one of the consequences that Hydra utilizes. It’s a way to help combative patients accept that they’re no longer in control of their bodies. “Bet you’re not gonna give me trouble on your diapering anymore, huh?”

Bucky grumbles and tucks his head down. “Mmn.”

Steve’s lips twitch fondly. “I’ll pull it out now,” he warns. The first few times that they’d had to cath Bucky, he’d been a crying, resisting mess, but after three years of coming in and out of the ward, he knows the drill. Steve gets enough lube to coat the head of his cock, being sure to slip some all around the tube and push it into his slit as much as possible. “Mmkay. Relax your muscles. Annnd deep breath.” Bucky inhales, and Steve slides the catheter out.

“Ugh.”

“All done.” He tosses it in the medical waste bin. “Good job.”

Bucky exhales hugely, eyelids fluttering. He looks down at himself, and flushes when he sees that his penis has dribbled a little more in Steve’s lap. “Sorry,” he mumbles, and Steve shushes him.

“S’okay. It happens.” They both know that Bucky’s bladder control won’t return to normal for a couple of days, which is to be expected. Bucky seems self-conscious of having wet on him though, no matter how miniscule the amount. So Steve reiterates how it doesn’t bother him, even taking Bucky’s hand in his and pressing their joined hands to the wet patch that’s right at the waistband of his scrub pants. Bucky blushes massively, but his scent radiates comfort, which is the goal. “You’re a good boy, Bucky,” Steve tells him in his best soothing rumble, then just keeps talking at him like that, because it clearly helps Bucky to calm down and be happy.

Steve’s dick is mighty happy, too, though he’s dead set on ignoring it. It’s not like it’s unusual for him to get aroused in-session with patients. It happens. … But it happens a lot more frequently with Bucky than with anybody else. Steve’s been aroused ever since he first got into the double-sit chair with Bucky, and half hard since he started fingering him. Things are a little more pronounced now, and he knows his erection is obvious. It’s approaching a full-on boner, though thankfully still angled down and towards the crease of his thigh. His compression underwear are doing an admirable job of keeping things contained, but it’s still a thick and obvious shape under the pale green of his scrubs. “Um,” he says stupidly, seeing their entwined fingers so close to it. He hastily releases Bucky’s hand.

Over the years at this job, Steve’s gotten used to not acting on his own arousal, but he isn’t surprised that Bucky gets distracted by it. The boy is a sexually frustrated omega teenager, after all, and Steve’s the only alpha who’s ever touched him intimately, probably the only one who’s been dominant to him in any sort of organized or respectful fashion, too. He can’t expect the kid to have the same control of his faculties that a regular person would. That’s just not how omega bodies work. And Steve is a healthy, thirty-year-old adult alpha male, so it’s simple fact that when he’s aroused like this he’s gonna wind up clogging the air a bit for Bucky. He can see it happening already, knocking the kid a little woozy. “You okay, bub?”

His nostrils keep flaring and he keeps sucking his bottom lip compulsively as he stares at Steve’s crotch. He stops using his words and switches to little grunts and hums, starts making this needy little sound in the base of his throat that both medical literature and video titles on PornHub would refer to as a ‘keen’. His eyes go glazed and he makes that noise repeatedly while his backside weeps and his nipples pebble up beneath his shirt.

This, right here. This is why people make fun of omegas as being empty headed cocksluts. Not that Steve sees it that way—God no, he doesn’t. It’s a beautiful thing to him, to see Bucky go all soft and wanting, a natural reaction that tells him the omega is feeling pleasured enough and protected enough to let go. It means his body and brain have actually decided that it’s safe enough for him to be vulnerable like that. If nothing else, it’s a huge fucking compliment to Steve as an alpha. “Oh, Honey,” he coos, petting up and down Bucky’s sides. “You gettin a little soft, mm? Sinking a little?” Bucky whimpers and Steve hushes him supportively. “That’s okay, Buck. I’m here. Alpha’s here. You can let go for a little while if you need to.”

“... ‘pha,” Bucky slurs, latching onto the word, and Steve nods.

“Yeah, Sweetheart, Alpha’s got you. You want to lay your head down for a—”

‘Going soft’ usually only means whining and slicking and, well, going soft. It’s something easily contained and soothed, encouraged into a nap or a bit of cuddling. But that’s in healthy and well-adjusted omegas. Bucky veers in another direction altogether when he slides his hand over and starts aggressively cupping Steve’s erection through his pants.

Steve’s eyes widen. “Hey, hey. Uh-uh.” He tries to grab Bucky’s wrist but the boy evades him and his scent sours at what his dumbed down mind perceives as rejection. “Buck, now listen: you can’t touch me there.”

Bucky’s too far down already, and hearing this just makes him get more aggressive. He shoves forward, hand moulding back to the shape of Steve’s dick and squeezing insistently. “Nnn.”

A guttural sound of pleasure escapes Steve before he can cut it off, and then he’s on course correction. “O-okay bub,” he chokes out, gathering Bucky’s hands and guiding them away. “You know I can’t let you.”

Bucky whines mightily at being denied, rocking in his lap like a tantrum and trying to tug his hands free. His hips are jerking in tiny movements, and the strap support that’s under his thighs is definitely the only reason he’s not grinding directly against Steve’s crotch right now. “Nnn!” he whines, when he tries to tug his hands free and can’t. “Nnn!” He starts to get violent. He gets his hands free for a split second and manages to whack Steve upside the head before Steve regains control.

“Bucky,” he Voices, quiet but stern, “Stop. Don’t hit. I can’t let you touch my dick. You know that. It’s against the rules. Now stop. Alpha’ll be real mad if you don’t listen, right?” After Bucky finally tapers off and goes lax in surrender, Steve cautiously releases his hands. The omega grumbles unintelligibly and puts them on his shoulders instead of trying to get them anyplace Steve’s employment contract says they can’t be. His fingers curl hard at the bend of Steve’s neck and his nails do dig in a little meanly, but the point is he’s trying. Steve relaxes and praises him with a gentle, “Good job, baby. That was good listening.”

Bucky grunts a little more, and he seems to get his brain back online after a few more minutes pass by and he’s relaxed into Steve’s lap better. He doesn’t look as buzzed, looks like maybe he remembers most of the English language.

“You back with me?” Steve asks, when he notices him starting to try and hide his face in shame again.

Bucky nods, scrubbing his cheek on Steve’s shoulder. “Sorry,” he mumbles. “Didn’t mean to.”

“I know, sweetheart. You’re okay. You pulled out of that one real good. I’m proud of you.”

One of the things Bucky struggles with is the tantruming that he tends to shoot off into during or after release. ‘Excited Catatonia with Aggression’—Present in every edition of the DSM since III came out in the eighties. It’s somewhat like a heat frenzy, only with behaviors that can turn self-injurious and emotionally harmful in the blink of an eye. Steve is relieved that they were able to avert an episode this time. “Real good,” he repeats. “Have you been practicing your calm down techniques at home?”

Bucky squirms. “Mmn.”

“Use your words, bub.”

Bucky grumbles some more, and he keeps hiding against Steve’s shoulder, but eventually he does admit, “I do ‘em sometimes. … Sometimes in my room. At night.”

Steve feels his heart ping in with another dent. ‘At night’, he knows, just means when Bucky’s family won’t catch him doing it. When he won’t be shamed for rocking or sucking or stimming in some other way. Steve’ll never forget the first time he’d tried to send Bucky home with a few helpful items. The father had gone red in the face and dragged Bucky out the doors, and Steve had been unable to do anything but watch from the building’s west entrance as everything they’d given Bucky to take home with him was dumped right there in the parking lot.

Deep down, even way back then, Steve had known in his heart that Bucky wasn’t going to be able to stay with his family. Not if he was going to make it.

(And Steve really needs him to make it.)

“... Steve?” Bucky sounds shy and fatigued, which can happen when he’s fought off the emotional stress of a tantrum. “Can we stay here for just a little bit? Please?” He shuffles on his knees with a sniffle, pressing close for comfort. “Just for a little bit? You smell so good, and I don’t wanna leave yet.”

“Of course, sweetheart, yeah. We can do that. We can stay for as long as you want.” Steve really means it, because he knows he’s got to figure out a way to tell Bucky the bad news tonight. And Steve hates to think the worst of any patient, but he’s got a bad feeling that it’s not going to go over well at all. “Buck?” he prods gently, waiting until he knows the omega is paying attention. “Honey, can we talk a little bit?”

Maybe if he can get Bucky to talk it out, he thinks, get him to conclude on his own that going home isn’t the best option for him, then maybe Steve can present the change in custody as a choice. It’s wishful thinking, but he has to try. He doesn’t want to crush Bucky’s sense of self worth more than it already has been. Bucky already feels dejected and unloved, and knowing that his family has legally washed their hands of him isn’t something Steve wants him to have to deal with. It’s better if Steve can talk him around to the other side, make him ‘decide’ that he doesn’t want to go home to his family.

Steve knows Christina wouldn’t approve of the deception. And he knows if she found out, he’d be taken off Bucky’s case at best, professionally reprimanded at worst. He’d be considered compromised. And hey, maybe he is. Doesn’t mean he’s going to do things any different until somebody makes him. Bucky’s still his patient right now, and Steve is going to take care of him the way he thinks he needs. “So … um, I wanted to ask you about how things’ve been at home, lately.” Bucky tenses and Steve hushes him, bringing a hand up to cradle the back of his head and encourage him to press his face closer. Bucky takes the cue and snuffles into Steve’s neck, mouthing over the pulse point. Steve pats his back. “Has anybody been close with you?” he asks, near-pained because he thinks he already knows the answer. “Your mom maybe, or your brothers?” Bucky shakes his head and Steve feels awful. “Are you sure? Snuggling? Or, even just a hug when you need it? Some scenting?”

The last time Bucky had been admitted on-ward, the social services team had roped his folks into a session to try and better educate them on their son’s new special needs. Steve hadn’t been present—had been on vacation, of all things, Christ—but he’s heard that the parents did not appreciate the instruction, and they didn’t take any of the information to heart. Obviously.

“Mm mn,” Bucky’s saying, rubbing his mouth over Steve’s skin as he speaks. “I never ask. Don’t want ‘em to know. They’d just make fun’a me if I asked.”

Steve inhales sadly. “You need regular touch Bucky. Hugs, skin contact, lap time, something.”

“No,” he mumbles, sounding like the surly teenager he is. “You don’t get it.”

“Well explain it to me, then.”

“They’re totally ashamed of me. My dad hates me.”

Steve tuts. “I’m sure that’s not true, Honey. They may be uncomfortable about certain things—uneducated, or ill-equipped to help you. The counselors here have talked to you about it, haven’t they? You know: about how people can have implicit biases that they—”

“No!” Bucky gets angry and pulls away, sitting back on his knees and giving Steve a sharp look. “I’m embarrassing to them. They don’t want the neighbors to know! My brothers’ friends aren’t allowed to come over to our house to hang out anymore, so they hate me too, and just … Ugh! You just don’t get it, Steve. Not everybody believes like you guys do here. Lots of people just think that omegas are … they just think that we’re …”

“Honey,”

“Mm mn,” he sniffles, stubborn. “They think we’re useless, dumb. A waste of space.”

“That’s not true and you know it Bucky,” Steve says sternly.

“I don’t know shit,” he growls. “That’s how it is in the real world, Steve. And how’re they wrong, huh? I’m never going to be able to have a job, never gonna be able to take care of myself.”

“Bucky,” Steve pleads, concerned at the vitriol in Bucky’s voice. He should not be talking like this, and the fact that he is means that things at his home have been more abusive than Steve realized.

“—Just a waste of tax dollars. A drain on society. Waste of hardworking people’s tax dollars,”

“Stop.” Steve’s pissed when he Voices it, and it comes through loud and clear. Bucky shuts up right away. He blinks wide eyes at him, and Steve takes the opportunity to shut him down. “I don’t ever want to hear you talk like that again, Bucky,” he says, easing off from his Voice when he can see he’s gotten the kid’s attention. He puts his hands on Bucky’s hips and looks at him sternly. “There are people who think like your parents do, yes. But it’s not nearly the majority. I think you’re under the impression that a lot of people share those ugly beliefs.” He waits, and when Bucky says nothing to deny it, Steve huffs. “It’s not many. I’d say … ten percent of folks? Maybe fifteen, when there’s a Republican in the white house.”

“What? Really? …You’re not just saying that?”

Bucky looks slightly swayed. Bolstered, Steve pets his hands up and down Bucky’s sides, rucking the soft material of his tee shirt as he does it. “No, I’m not just saying that. Most people don’t think the way your folks do. Only assholes who watch Fox News parrot out the sort of vile shit you just did.” He raises a knowing eyebrow, daring Bucky to deny it. He’s met George Barnes a few times. He knows what type the man is. “You are just as important as any other person, Hon,” he promises, and when Bucky starts to sneer again, he’s struck by the distinct urge to smack him.

He digs his fingers in warningly at the boy’s waist. “Hey, listen to me, now.” Bucky stops sneering, and Steve sighs, trying to think of something he can say that’ll make Bucky realize he’s actually worth something. “Do you … Do you believe in God, honey?” he asks—not at all professional, but Steve’s gone past professional with Bucky for a while now, whether he wants to admit it or not. He’s heard Bucky make a few flippant comments in the past, about ‘God’ or ‘heaven’ or ‘prayers’ (usually in relation to morbid comments about wanting to die or off himself), so he’s taking a chance and going out on a limb here. “Hm?”

“God?” Bucky’s brow furrows. “I guess so. I mean my family never really goes to church except for—”

“I didn’t ask if you go to church,” Steve interrupts. “I asked if you believe in God, in one form or another.” He waits patiently for Bucky to answer him. When he does, it’s with a tiny nod and a mumbled,

“Yeah. I think so. … I do.”

Steve softens. “Okay then. Me too, by the way.” Bucky makes a weird face like he’s still unsure why Steve is talking about this, So Steve explains, “Think about it: Do you really think there’s any God out there who’d create a whole class of people that didn’t have a purpose? Ten percent of humanity that’s just a ‘stupid waste’?” He waits until Bucky makes a face in consideration. “Right. I’m Catholic, you know? My ma dragged my butt to mass every Sunday growing up. And I just wish you could’a heard the things I did, the things they preached. It was never ugly like what your folks’ve been telling you. Omegas are different from other people, but so are Alphas. Doesn’t mean we’re not just as good and important as anybody else. We just have different needs, and that’s okay.” He offers Bucky a cautious smile. “I mean, maybe it’s not a coincidence that we’re five and five of the population, huh?” He reaches up and cradles the side of Bucky’s face, tracing his cheekbone with the pad of a thumb. “It’s like somebody had this idea we’d be complimentary, or something.”

Bucky’s lips have parted, and he even smiles reluctantly at the soft teasing in Steve’s tone there at the end. He reaches up and covers Steve’s hand with his own. “I guess so,” he murmurs. “I mean, it kinda makes sense.”

“Mm.” Steve smirks. “It does.” He kisses his cheek and gives another little squeeze on his waist. “C’mon. Let’s go get cleaned up.”

Bucky is sullen at first when they exit the massage room, but when Steve makes it clear that he won’t be leaving Bucky’s side now that their lap time is over, the omega trails along happily enough. They wash up in the bathroom and change into clean clothes. Bucky doesn’t fuss at all when Steve helps him into a fresh diaper, but he does mumble, “I hate ‘em.”

Steve has just pulled up the soft fleece pants for Bucky. “Do you really? Or d’you just hate how embarrassed it makes you feel?”

Bucky chews his lip and doesn’t answer for a long minute, his lashes lowering and his cheeks darkening. “... The second one, I guess. Embarrassing.”

If you were my omega, Steve wants to say so badly. You’d never have to feel embarrassed about anything. Not for the rest of his life, because Steve would take care of him, make him feel like the treasure he is. Like he deserves. He licks his lips, overly emotional and trying not to let it show. “Hey,” he says softly, putting his hand over Bucky’s fleece-covered knee. “You know it’s a common thing, the wetting, right bub?”

Bucky nods sullenly. “I guess.” He’s still sitting on the changing table with his legs thrown over the side, and Steve steps forward to give him a hug. “Who’s ever gonna want to put up with me?” he says, and Steve’s heart just about fractures.

Me, he wants to say so badly, but he can’t. He holds the words back like bile in his mouth, hugs him tighter and says into his hair, “Lotsa people, Buck. There’s whole agencies devoted to helping omegas find their mates.”

“There are?”

“Of course. Half my job is making sure patients are set up to succeed in the world, once they get outta here.” He steps back and takes Bucky’s hand, and together they walk out of the bathroom and down the ward’s hallway. “That’s actually something you and I need to talk about.”

It’s dinnertime, so Steve walks them to the room where all the patients on C Hall eat their meals. He makes himself a coffee while Bucky goes to load up a tray with food from the line, then they sit together away from the other patients. Steve works up the nerve to have the conversation he’s been avoiding all day. “So,” he says. “When you get out of here,”

Bucky makes a face down at his tray of food. “Ugh.”

“Ugh?”

He shrugs. “I dunno. I hate thinking about going home. They’ll come and pick me up, be jerks all over again, till next time.” He stabs vindictively at the little pile of peas he’s got. “I know it’s crazy to want, but … sometimes I wish they’d never come back, that they’d magically just forget about me and I could stay here forever.”

“Aw, you don’t want to stay here forever,” Steve coaxes. “In a mental hospital?”

Bucky shrugs. “I’d rather be here with you then back home with them.”

God, Honey. You’ve got no idea how much I want to keep you. Steve tries not to get overeager, but this is a good start to the conversation they need to have, so he goes with it. “Yeah?” he prods. “I’ve always been able to tell your dad’s a bit of a prick, but things are that bad at home?” He wants Bucky to talk about the abuse, then they can segue into discussing healthier options. “Buck?”

Bucky avoids looking at him, poking around his food and making patterns in the mashed sweet potatoes with his fork. “... Nobody makes fun of me here,” he says quietly. “I’m allowed to relax and … and do what feels good.”

Christ. Steve grits his teeth and imagines beating George Barnes’ face to a pulp. “Yeah Honey,” he eventually croaks. “Yeah that’s how it should be. Always. The fact that your folks make you feel that way, that they treat you the way they do … It’s wrong. It’s abusive. So is the way they’re always dumping you here and yanking you out, using it as a punishment. You do realize that?”

Bucky glances up at him, but he shrugs. “I guess so,” he mumbles.

“No, not ‘I guess so’, it is,” Steve insists. He nods at Bucky's tray. “Stop playing with your food. Put a bite of that in your mouth.” Bucky’s eyes get a little wide at the command, and then he flushes and responds positively, listening to Steve and eating a forkful of potatoes. Steve feels a warm thrill of satisfaction at being obeyed. “Good boy,” he praises. “Look, Buck. I want to talk about your options for when you leave here. You do realize that I’ll help you, right? If you put in a petition on grounds of abuse, I’ll sign it. You could choose where you live. You wouldn’t have to go back to your parents’ place. In fact I don’t think you should. It sounds to me like they make you pretty miserable.”

“What?” Bucky looks surprised. “But where else would I go? I don’t have a job or any money.”

“That’s okay. You know the state puts money aside for omegas, right? We can get you set up with what you need.”

Bucky looks wary, but he nods. “Yeah. They talked about it in life skills class. Welfare programs.”

Steve supposes that’s the sort of thing George Barnes talks trash about at home. “Yeah,” he says encouragingly. “You can apply for an apartment and an income. It won’t be a lot, but it’d be enough to live off of. You’ll get medical, housing, heat support.” Bucky’s face goes scarlet at the mention of his heats, but Steve presses on. “And there are jobs out there for omegas who want to work. You just have to know where to look. Like this girl I know from my church? She got a job working at a childcare center. Told me she loves it.” Bucky’s brow is furrowed as he takes in all that Steve’s saying, and Steve holds his hand out over the table, palm up. “C’mon, tell me what you're thinking.”

Bucky bites his lip but he does put his hand in Steve’s. “I don’t … I don’t know how to be on my own,” he admits. “I’m afraid. What if I mess up?”

“Oh, sweetheart.” Steve squeezes his hand. “You won’t mess anything up. You know, I have so many omega clients who do well. Almost everybody does, really, when they get out of here. And you wouldn’t be on your own. There’d be people helping you. You’d get a caretaker assigned from an agency. A good one.” He hates thinking of another alpha helping Bucky, scent marking his apartment and making him feel good. But that’s Steve’s problem, not Bucky’s. “Honey, I think your self esteem has taken such a huge hit from this when it didn’t really have to. Your folks have been saying nasty shit in your ears ever since you presented three years ago, and I’m sorry but that’s a damn shame. It’s fucked up.”

Bucky is looking at Steve like he can’t believe what he’s hearing, and Steve knows why. He’s never really cursed in front of Bucky before, and he’s certainly never verbally trashed the kid’s family. But Steve is fed up. He just spent the last hour helping the most beautiful, sweet omega through a release, and knowing that the poor thing is so mixed up about his gender because of his asshole family absolutely burns Steve up. He’s had enough. Bucky deserves to feel good about himself and have a good life. Steve gives his hand another supportive squeeze. “Hey, why don’t we sit down tomorrow and make a ‘what if’ plan, huh?”

“... What’s a ‘what if’ plan?”

Steve smiles gently. “It’s where we think up options for what you might do, where you might go, if you want something different when you get out of here.”

“Steve, I don’t … I don’t know.” Bucky looks down, face screwed up in worry. In a tiny voice, he admits, “I’m not sure I can really take care of myself. Not like this.” He says it so sadly, and Steve doesn’t know what ‘like this’ means, but he can make a few guesses. Across the table from him, Bucky is looking rather miserable. “My parents’ll probably be by any day now to pick me up, anyway.”

Steve cringes. He finally forces himself to say, “Well, that’s um, that’s not really going to happen, actually.”

“What?” Bucky’s wide, hurt eyes coming back up to lock on Steve don’t make this task any easier. “What do you mean?”

“Um, you see, your folks decided to sign a paper when they came by this last time, saying that they agree to relinquish custody.”

Bucky’s entire face falls in a way that absolutely breaks Steve’s heart. “Oh,” he says, voice tiny. “They got rid of me?”

“They signed over custody, baby. I think they finally realized that it was hurting you more than helping, so they agreed to let us take care of you from now on. They’re finally trying to do right by you.”

It’s a complete lie, Steve is pretty sure. He knows Bucky’s parents and he’s certain that nothing about the situation was done for Bucky’s benefit, only their own. The Barnes’ simply didn’t want to deal with their son’s needs anymore. But Steve is trying to put the best spin on this he can, for Bucky’s sake. “It’s going to be okay, Buck,” he promises. “I’m not going to let anything bad happen to you. You know that, right?”

Bucky’s already pulling into himself. He physically almost seems to shrink, shoulders hunching and arms tucking in. He nods at Steve���s question though, and he doesn’t rage or fit at the news that his family doesn’t want him anymore. “Yeah,” he says, voice dull. “I know.”

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[narangmedical]

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[partialbirthabortion]

I have a question about 3rd trimester abortions that I can’t find the answer to on Google!

When I had my baby, I had to be induced at 38 weeks for cholestasis. They tried multiple different induction methods for 36 hours, and my cervix barely ripened and I did not even kind of go into labor. I had misoprostol, cervidil, catheter balloon, and I got up to the max dose of pitocin. Eventually they gave me the option to keep trying or get a c-section. I happily opted for the c-section. My baby was never in distress and we were both 100% safe and healthy the entire time. It was a very non-emergent c-section.

I’m assuming part of why I couldn’t go into labor is that my body was in no way ready for it. The induction (and eventual c-section) was 100% medically indicated and things happened the way they needed to happen. No complaints here.

I guess I’m confused about why that wouldn’t happen during a late stage abortion. Does it happen? Are there people who never are able to go through cervical ripening or dilation? If an abortion is very late (I know someone who had to have one at like 37 weeks), doesn’t labor need to be induced? Can’t it just not happen? Does it ever not? Then what? Thank you!! :)

Hi there! I'm so happy to hear that you and your baby had a safe labor and birth experience, even with the failed induction attempts! I'm answering your question under a cut. To others: all the expected content warnings apply.

I think this is a super interesting and reasonable question to have! To be totally frank, this does not happen because there are just many, many more interventions available when the desired outcome is not a healthy mom and baby.

Late term abortions are typically done over four days, with mechanical dilation occurring over the first 72 hours (so twice as long your induction was attempted, primarily by chemical methods besides the foley catheter). The cervix is opened with increasingly large osmotic dilators (osmotic: they go in smaller, absorb your body fluid and expand over several hours) that are placed and replaced every 24 hours, in addition to being given the misoprostol/cervidil/mifepristone/pitocin etc used to induce normal labor. The cervix can be further opened by passing through metal dilating rods that would injure (maybe fatally!) a healthy fetus. Fetal death itself, which is induced before the first osmotic dilators are placed, also seems to contribute to preparing the body for labor.

In all honesty, the limiting safety factor for most induction interventions is baby, not mom. In addition to being able to use more physically forceful methods of dilation, different medications or doses of medications, etc, fetal delivery in a late term abortion doesn't have to occur intact. In many late term abortions, patients want remains to grieve and bury and this is definitely something that guides care, but the abortions later in pregnancy that I have assisted essentially never result in complete fetal remains. This means you do not need 10 full centimeters of dilation to get all tissue out.

I asked one of the attendings at work a similar question a few years ago and in 25 years of abortion care he personally had never seen an abortion performed via cesarean. There are certainly cases where fetal death has occurred or is likely to occur and a csection is performed (the zavanelli maneuver for example, when the head has passed through the cervix but the shoulders are unable to, so the head is reduced back into the uterus in anticipation of csection, has pretty poor survival rates for baby; if placenta is disengaging, a lot of times it is the only option to get mom out safely) but I think in planned abortion, it is either exceedingly rare or just doesn't happen.

[plethomacademia]

This one I'm going to jump, description of a medical procedure that I have to do as part of fertility testing below, I swear this is related to fic:

To test if you have a fallopian tube blockage, apparently they insert a catheter through your cervix and use a mixture of saline and air to blow up your uterus and fallopian tubes like a balloon. Credit to my doctor, they already warned me that this will cause cramping and gave me instructions for pain relief before and after.

I will be doing this test in a few weeks hopefully, depends on when I get a period, so I guess if you thought my threatening to do iud horror was a lot, bad news, I have learned about something worse and will likely use Maeve to process it.

[healthchat]

Best vascular Surgeon in Hyderabad

1. Varicose Veins Treatment

Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins that can cause pain and discomfort. At Hyderabad Vascular Center, we offer the following treatments:

Laser Treatment for Varicose Veins: A non-invasive procedure that uses laser energy to close off the problematic veins, redirecting blood flow to healthier veins. This treatment is effective, quick, and has a shorter recovery time.

Endovenous Ablation: This minimally invasive procedure involves inserting a catheter into the affected vein and using heat to seal it shut. It is an outpatient procedure, meaning patients can return home the same day.

Glue Treatment: One of the latest treatments for varicose veins, this method involves injecting medical glue into the vein to seal it. It is painless, requires no anesthesia, and offers excellent results.

https://www.hyderabadvascularcenter.com/best-vascular-surgeon-in-hyderabad-dr.narendranadh-meda.php

2. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Management

Peripheral artery disease is a condition that results from the narrowing of arteries, primarily in the legs, reducing blood flow. We provide comprehensive care for PAD, which includes:

Peripheral Artery Bypass Surgery: A surgical procedure to bypass the blocked artery, improving blood flow to the affected limb.

Angioplasty and Stenting: A non-surgical procedure where a balloon is used to widen the blocked artery, and a stent is placed to keep it open. This method is less invasive and has a quicker recovery time.

3. Aortic Aneurysm Treatment

An aortic aneurysm is a serious condition that involves the enlargement of the aorta. If left untreated, it can lead to life-threatening complications. At our center, we offer:

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR): A minimally invasive procedure where a stent graft is inserted to support the weakened area of the aorta. This treatment has fewer risks compared to open surgery and allows for quicker recovery.

Open Surgery for Aortic Aneurysm: In cases where endovascular repair is not feasible, we perform open surgery to repair the aneurysm, ensuring patient safety and long-term results.

4. Diabetic Foot Care

Diabetes can lead to complications in the feet, such as ulcers and infections, which, if not treated, may result in amputation. We emphasize preventive care and timely treatment for diabetic foot conditions:

Diabetic Foot Ulcer Management: Our team uses advanced wound care techniques to treat diabetic foot ulcers, preventing infections and promoting healing.

Podiatric Surgery: In cases where surgical intervention is needed, our expert surgeons provide precise and effective solutions to address foot complications caused by diabetes.

[priteshwemarketresearch]

Cardiovascular Devices Market 2024 Analysis Key Trends, Growth Opportunities, Challenges, Key Players, End User Demand and Forecasts to 2034

Cardiovascular Devices Market: Trends, Growth, and Future Outlook

The cardiovascular devices market is a vital segment of the global medical device industry, driven by the increasing prevalence of heart diseases, advancements in medical technology, and rising demand for minimally invasive procedures. Cardiovascular devices, which include a range of tools and equipment used to diagnose, monitor, and treat cardiovascular conditions, are essential in the management of heart-related health issues. As the global burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) continues to rise, the market for these devices is expanding rapidly. This blog explores the key trends, growth drivers, challenges, and future prospects of the cardiovascular devices market.

Request Sample Copy:

https://wemarketresearch.com/reports/request-free-sample-pdf/cardiovascular-devices-market/361

What Are Cardiovascular Devices?

Cardiovascular devices are medical instruments designed for the treatment and management of heart-related diseases. They include a wide range of devices, such as:

Cardiac Pacemakers – Devices implanted in the chest to regulate heartbeats.

Stents – Small mesh tubes used to treat narrowed or blocked arteries.

Heart Valve Devices – Implants designed to replace or repair damaged heart valves.

ECGs/EKGs – Devices that monitor electrical activity of the heart.

Ablation Catheters – Used for treating abnormal heart rhythms.

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDs) – Devices that monitor heart rhythms and can deliver shocks if necessary.

Vascular Devices – Tools used to treat diseases in veins and arteries, such as angioplasty balloons and guidewires.

These devices play a crucial role in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and peripheral vascular diseases.

Key Drivers of the Cardiovascular Devices Market

The growth of the cardiovascular devices market is being driven by several factors, including:

Increasing Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), CVDs account for nearly 31% of global deaths each year. As the aging population grows and lifestyle-related risk factors such as obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity become more prevalent, the demand for effective cardiovascular treatments and monitoring solutions continues to rise.

Technological Advancements

Recent technological innovations have transformed the cardiovascular devices market. For instance, the development of minimally invasive procedures and robotic-assisted surgeries has improved the effectiveness of treatments while reducing recovery times and associated risks. Moreover, advancements in 3D printing, biosensors, and artificial intelligence are contributing to the development of more sophisticated, precise, and personalized cardiovascular devices.

The introduction of bioresorbable stents, which gradually dissolve after they have fulfilled their purpose, and smart pacemakers, which offer remote monitoring capabilities, exemplifies how technology is reshaping the market.

Rising Geriatric Population

The global geriatric population is growing rapidly. As people age, the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases increases. According to the United Nations, by 2050, one in six people in the world will be aged 60 years or older. This demographic shift is expected to increase the demand for cardiovascular devices, as older adults are more likely to require treatments such as stent placement, heart valve repair or replacement, and pacemaker implantation.

Increased Healthcare Expenditure

Many countries, especially in North America and Europe, are increasing their healthcare budgets to address the rising prevalence of chronic diseases like CVDs. Government initiatives and insurance coverage expansion are further contributing to the accessibility of cardiovascular treatments, which is driving demand for cardiovascular devices.

Growing Awareness and Preventive Healthcare

There is an increasing focus on preventive healthcare and early diagnosis of heart diseases. People are more aware of the risks associated with cardiovascular diseases and are seeking regular check-ups, diagnostic tests, and treatments. This growing awareness and shift toward early detection are fueling demand for cardiovascular diagnostic devices like ECG monitors, echocardiograms, and blood pressure monitoring devices.

Key Trends in the Cardiovascular Devices Market

Several trends are shaping the cardiovascular devices market:

Shift Toward Minimally Invasive Procedures

Minimally invasive cardiovascular procedures, such as catheter-based interventions, robotic surgeries, and endovascular treatments, are gaining popularity due to their benefits of reduced recovery time, lower infection risk, and shorter hospital stays. This trend is leading to a higher adoption of advanced cardiovascular devices, especially stents, catheters, and balloon angioplasty systems.

Integration of Wearable Devices

Wearable cardiovascular devices that monitor heart activity in real-time are on the rise. These devices, including wearable ECG monitors, fitness trackers, and smartwatches that track heart rate and rhythms, allow individuals to continuously monitor their heart health and detect potential issues early. The integration of these devices with mobile apps and cloud-based systems is also enabling remote monitoring by healthcare providers, improving patient care and outcomes.

Growth of the Asia-Pacific Market

The Asia-Pacific (APAC) region is becoming an increasingly important market for cardiovascular devices. With improving healthcare infrastructure, a growing middle class, and rising healthcare awareness, countries such as China, India, and Japan are witnessing a surge in demand for cardiovascular treatments and devices. This region is expected to show strong growth in the coming years, offering significant opportunities for manufacturers.

Regulatory Developments

Regulations surrounding the approval and sale of cardiovascular devices are becoming more stringent. Regulatory bodies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) are setting higher standards for device safety and efficacy. While these regulations may slow the time to market for new devices, they ultimately ensure that the products are of high quality and reliability.

Challenges Facing the Cardiovascular Devices Market

Despite its rapid growth, the cardiovascular devices market faces some challenges:

High Cost of Devices and Procedures

The cost of advanced cardiovascular devices, such as heart valves, pacemakers, and stents, can be prohibitively expensive for both healthcare providers and patients, especially in low-income regions. This price barrier could limit market expansion in certain parts of the world.

Reimbursement Issues

In some countries, reimbursement policies for cardiovascular procedures and devices are complex and vary widely. Insufficient reimbursement or changes in reimbursement rates can discourage healthcare providers from adopting new devices or procedures, limiting the growth of the market.

Safety and Complications

Although cardiovascular devices are essential for treating heart conditions, there are inherent risks, such as device malfunctions, infections, and complications following implantation. Manufacturers must invest in research and development to enhance device safety, reduce complications, and improve patient outcomes.

Future Outlook for the Cardiovascular Devices Market

The cardiovascular devices market is poised for substantial growth. Technological innovations, expanding healthcare access, and increasing global awareness about cardiovascular health will continue to drive demand for these devices. The shift toward minimally invasive procedures, along with advancements in wearable and diagnostic technologies, will open up new avenues for growth.

In the coming years, the market is likely to see a further increase in the adoption of smart technologies in cardiovascular care, including remote monitoring and AI-assisted diagnostics. Additionally, emerging markets in the Asia-Pacific region are expected to provide significant growth opportunities, particularly with the rise of middle-class populations and expanding healthcare systems.

Conclusion

The cardiovascular devices market is experiencing rapid growth driven by technological innovation, a rising prevalence of heart disease, and an aging global population. While there are challenges to overcome, including high device costs and regulatory hurdles, the future looks bright as new technologies continue to improve patient outcomes and make cardiovascular care more accessible worldwide. Companies that invest in research, focus on innovation, and adapt to changing market trends will be well-positioned to thrive in this dynamic and growing market.

[drravindersinghrao]

Best Angioplasty Doctor and Surgery in Jaipur – Dr. Ravinder Singh Rao

When it comes to cardiovascular health, few procedures are as critical as angioplasty. In Jaipur, Dr. Ravinder Singh Rao has emerged as a top specialist, known for his expertise in providing cutting-edge angioplasty treatments and delivering high success rates for his patients. With his extensive experience, advanced medical knowledge, and dedication to patient care, Dr. Rao has positioned himself as one of the leading angioplasty doctors in Jaipur. This article explores everything you need to know about angioplasty surgery, Dr. Rao’s expertise, and why his approach stands out in the field.

Understanding Angioplasty: A Lifesaving Procedure

Angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure aimed at restoring blood flow in the coronary arteries, which are often narrowed or blocked due to atherosclerosis (buildup of plaque). During the procedure, a thin catheter with a small balloon at the tip is inserted into the blocked artery. The balloon is then inflated, widening the artery and allowing for better blood flow. Sometimes, a stent is placed to keep the artery open.

Dr. Ravinder Singh Rao’s approach to angioplasty surgery in Jaipur combines meticulous attention to detail and the latest techniques in interventional cardiology, ensuring high standards of safety and efficacy. His commitment to using advanced technology and minimally invasive methods makes him one of the most sought-after specialists in the region.

Why Choose Dr. Ravinder Singh Rao for Angioplasty Surgery in Jaipur?

1. Exceptional Expertise and Experience

Dr. Ravinder Singh Rao has spent years specializing in interventional cardiology, making him highly skilled in diagnosing and treating complex cardiac issues. His proficiency in angioplasty procedures extends to both routine and high-risk cases, where his attention to patient history, pre-operative conditions, and tailored approach result in successful outcomes.

With a background in top-tier medical institutions and continual training in new techniques, Dr. Rao’s expertise offers patients in Jaipur a world-class solution for their cardiac issues without needing to travel to distant, high-cost facilities.

2. Use of Advanced Technology and Techniques

Dr. Rao’s clinic is equipped with state-of-the-art angioplasty technology, including imaging systems and catheterization labs that allow precise visualization of arterial blockages. He frequently employs drug-eluting stents and advanced intracoronary imaging tools, such as IVUS (Intravascular Ultrasound) and OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography), for a more accurate assessment.

By incorporating these tools, Dr. Rao ensures a minimally invasive approach, reducing complications and shortening recovery time. This approach provides patients with the best of modern interventional cardiology practices right here in Jaipur.

3. Patient-Centric Approach to Treatment

Dr. Ravinder Singh Rao is known not only for his expertise but also for his compassionate and patient-centered care. His team places great emphasis on patient education, making sure that individuals understand every aspect of their angioplasty procedure, including potential risks, benefits, and post-surgery care.

Dr. Rao’s clinic provides comprehensive follow-up support, which is crucial for patients undergoing cardiac procedures. This involves lifestyle counseling, medication management, and regular check-ups to monitor heart health, all tailored to each patient’s unique needs.

Who Needs Angioplasty? Recognizing the Signs and Symptoms

Angioplasty is typically recommended for patients experiencing symptoms of coronary artery disease (CAD), such as:

Chest Pain (Angina): Persistent or recurring pain in the chest can indicate blocked arteries.

Shortness of Breath: Reduced blood flow to the heart can cause difficulty in breathing.

Heart Attack: Complete blockage of a coronary artery often requires immediate intervention through angioplasty.

Dr. Rao conducts thorough assessments to determine the severity of coronary artery disease and decides the most appropriate treatment, whether it’s angioplasty, medication, or surgery.

Types of Angioplasty Procedures Performed by Dr. Ravinder Singh Rao

1. Balloon Angioplasty

In this procedure, a small balloon is inflated within the artery to open the blockage. While balloon angioplasty itself does not always involve stent placement, it is often combined with stenting to maintain long-term arterial openness.

2. Stent Placement (Coronary Stenting)

A stent is a small metal or drug-eluting tube that Dr. Rao places in the artery to keep it open post-angioplasty. Drug-eluting stents release medication over time, preventing the artery from narrowing again. This advanced approach ensures better outcomes, particularly in high-risk or repeat cases.

3. Complex Angioplasty Procedures

Dr. Rao also handles complex angioplasty cases, including multivessel angioplasty, left main coronary artery interventions, and chronic total occlusion (CTO) angioplasty. His experience with these advanced techniques is particularly beneficial for patients who have complex blockages that require a sophisticated approach.

The Angioplasty Procedure: What to Expect

For patients considering angioplasty, understanding the process can ease anxiety and build confidence:

Pre-Procedure Preparation: Dr. Rao ensures that every patient undergoes a thorough evaluation before the surgery. This may include blood tests, an ECG, or a coronary angiogram.

The Procedure: During angioplasty, Dr. Rao inserts a catheter through a small incision, typically in the arm or groin. Guided by X-ray imaging, he advances the catheter to the blocked artery and inflates the balloon or places a stent to restore blood flow.

Post-Procedure Care: After angioplasty, patients are monitored in a recovery area and usually discharged within a day or two. Dr. Rao provides comprehensive guidance on lifestyle modifications, medications, and follow-up appointments to ensure full recovery.

Advantages of Angioplasty Surgery with Dr. Ravinder Singh Rao

Choosing Dr. Rao for angioplasty in Jaipur offers numerous advantages, including:

Minimally Invasive Technique: This reduces recovery time and the risk of complications.

High Success Rates: Dr. Rao’s vast experience contributes to consistently positive outcomes for his patients.

Quick Recovery and Improved Quality of Life: With angioplasty, patients often notice an immediate improvement in symptoms such as chest pain and shortness of breath.

Post-Operative Care and Lifestyle Adjustments

Following angioplasty, Dr. Rao recommends a personalized cardiac rehabilitation plan that includes:

Medications: These may include antiplatelet drugs, beta-blockers, and statins to manage heart health.

Diet and Exercise: Adopting a heart-healthy diet and incorporating regular exercise are critical for long-term success.

Regular Follow-Ups: Dr. Rao schedules routine check-ups to monitor the heart’s performance and catch any signs of re-narrowing early on.

His dedicated follow-up care ensures patients have the support needed to maintain heart health, make necessary lifestyle changes, and enjoy a higher quality of life.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Angioplasty

1. Is angioplasty a permanent solution for coronary artery disease?

Angioplasty significantly improves blood flow, but it does not cure coronary artery disease. Dr. Rao emphasizes lifestyle changes and medication management to prevent future blockages.

2. How long does recovery take after angioplasty?

Most patients can resume normal activities within a week, though Dr. Rao provides individualized advice based on each patient’s condition.

3. What are the risks associated with angioplasty?

While angioplasty is generally safe, there are risks such as artery re-narrowing, bleeding at the catheter site, and, in rare cases, heart attack or stroke. Dr. Rao takes extensive precautions to minimize these risks.

Conclusion

Dr. Ravinder Singh Rao is recognized as a leading angioplasty specialist in Jaipur. His combination of medical expertise, advanced technology, and patient-centered approach makes him the ideal choice for those needing angioplasty. Whether it’s a routine case or a complex, high-risk procedure, Dr. Rao’s patients can count on the highest standards of care and a dedicated team that ensures their well-being throughout the treatment journey.

[cmcshealth]

Coronary Angioplasty or Heart Stent Treatment in India

Heart Angioplasty or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) means opening a blocked or narrowed coronary artery in the heart by using a balloon. Most modern coronary angioplasties are carried out by inserting a short wire mesh tube, called a stent, into the artery during the procedure. The stent is left in place permanently to allow blood to flow more freely. When stents are put in blocked or narrowed coronary arteries of the heart along with coronary angioplasty, it is called percutaneous coronary intervention. Both are done by an expert intervention cardiologist at the cath. Lab. In a hospital. At CMCS Health, we are associated with the World’s best intervention cardiologist at top heart hospitals for cost-effective Heart Angioplasty or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).

Steps involved in PTCA or Coronary Angioplasty (Heart Stent)

A percutaneous Coronary Angioplasty is a minimally invasive heart coronary intervention performed by an experienced intervention cardiologist and involves the following steps:

A small flexible sheath is inserted through a puncture in the groin region or near the wrist, after making the insertion side numb by giving local anesthesia.

A tiny tube called a cardiac catheter is passed through the sheath and guided along the artery into the opening of the left or right coronary artery. A contrast dye is injected and dynamic X-rays are taken to view the exact blockage areas in the arteries.

A wire is then passed down the inside of the catheter to beyond the narrowed artery and an attached small balloon is inflated for about 20 to 30 seconds to open up the blocked artery. The process can be repeated several times. This procedure is called percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

At times intervention cardiologist puts a cardiac stent inside the narrowed or blocked artery to keep it open. The procedure is called percutaneous coronary intervention.

The balloon, wire, catheter, and sheath are then removed and any bleeding is stopped with a dissolvable plug or firm pressure at the puncture site.

The intervention cardiologist may decide to put more than one stent depending on the number of blockages. The patient is discharged from the hospital after 4 to 6 hours of observation post-PTCI.

The different types of Heart stents:

The most common types of heart stent used for percutaneous coronary intervention (heart coronary stenting) are:

Bare metal stent:

The commonly used coronary heart stents are bare metal stents which are made of stainless steel. This type of stent is now used only for minor angioplasties as scar tissue can grow around it and re-block the artery.

Drug-eluting stent:

These are the stents that are coated with a medication that keeps the artery lining free of scar tissue. This stent also reduces the risk of re-blocking of the coronary arteries but may lead to blood clots.

 Bio-Engineered Stent:

This type of stent is not coated with any drug, which speeds up the healing process. This is made possible by the antibody on the surface of the stent, which attracts Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) that promote natural healing. The advantages of Bio Engineered stents are that they prevent early and late blood clots, and heal the cell lining faster as compared to the DES.

Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold (BVS):

This stent is covered with a drug-eluting coat on a dissolvable scaffold platform that the body absorbs over time. The drug works in the system and prevents restenosis. The scaffold becomes a part of the body, which reduces the chances of re-blockage. But the flip side with this type of stent is that the healing process after this stent is quite slow.

Dual Therapy Stent (DTS):

These stents are so far the best heart stents that offer the same benefits as a DES and the medication on it has an active healing technology. They reduce the chances of inflammation and blood clots, actively promote the healing process, and prevent re-narrowing of the arteries.

Cost of heart stenting or percutaneous coronary transluminal intervention in India:

The cost of PTCA and PTCI depends on the type and make of the stent, nos. of stents, and the overall health of the patient. The cost of PTCA and PTCI is much lower in India as compared to other countries. The latest diagnostic facilities, upgraded and state-of-the-art infrastructure, and unparalleled expertise of Indian intervention cardiologists have made India a first-choice destination for international patients seeking coronary heart stenting (PTCI). The average cost of PTCA and PTCI in India may range from 2000 USD to 4500 USD.

Top 10 Hospitals for coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in India:

Medanta the Medicity, Gurugram, India.

Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, India.

Artemis Hospital, Gurugram, India.

Max Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India.

BLK Max Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India.

Gleneagle Global Hospitals, Mumbai, India.

MGM Healthcare, Chennai, India.

Nanavati max hospital, Mumbai, India.

Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, India

Five Best Intervention Cardiologists in India:

Dr. T S Kler, BLK Max Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Dr. Ashok Seth, Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, New Delhi, India.

Dr. K. K. Saxena, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India.

 Dr. Nikhil Kumar, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, India.

Dr Kuldeep Arora, Artemis Hospital, Gurugram, India.

Dr. Rajneesh Kapoor, Medanta – The Medicity, Gurugram, India.

Cmcs Health is a leading medical tourism company in India. We offer medical tourism services such as finding the right doctor, the right hospital, and cost estimation for medical treatment in India for foreign patients. Some of the main countries are Bangladesh, South Africa, Egypt, Kenya, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Uganda, Zambia, Sudan, Dubai, Namibia, Iraq, and so on. We provide free medical assistance aplastic anemia treatment cost, stomach cancer treatment, sickle cell treatment cost, the best hospital for heart valve replacement, heart valve surgery, arthroscopic surgery, bone marrow transplant cost, best liver transplant hospital, brain tumor surgery cost, cosmetic andplastic surgery, heart surgery, kidney transplant cost, spine tumor surgery,cancer treatment cost, lung transplant,liver transplant cost, top knee replacement surgeons, knee replacement surgery cost, top shoulder replacement surgeons, hip replacement surgery cost, best bone marrow hospital, etc.  If you are searching for free medical and healthcare consulting to find the best hospitals and top doctors and surgeons in India for any treatment then contact us- Cmcshealth.com.

Source: https://cmcshealth1.blogspot.com/2024/11/coronary-angioplasty-or-heart-stent.html

[amit-vikhe]

ACLS Skills That Save Lives During Myocardial Infarctions

When someone has a heart attack, also called a myocardial infarction, their life hangs in the balance. Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) training gives healthcare teams the exact skills needed to act quickly and save lives in these emergencies. Some of the best courses for ACLS renewal are available online. With ACLS skills sharpened, rapid response can preserve heart muscle and prevent permanent damage or death.

What Are The ACLS Skills That Can Save Lives?

ACLS certification arms its students with a lot of essential skills. Here are the crucial ACLS skills that make all the difference.

Recognizing Heart Attack SignsThe very first ACLS skill is being able to spot the warning signs that someone is having a heart attack or myocardial infarction. The most common signs include:

Chest pain, pressure, squeezing or discomfort

Shortness of breath

Cold sweats

Nausea or vomiting

Dizziness or lightheadedness

However, not everyone has obvious symptoms. Heart attacks can be "silent" with no pain at all, especially in women, the elderly, and those with diabetes. That's why ACLS trains teams to look for any combination of concerning symptoms.

Being able to swiftly identify a probable heart attack allows ACLS protocols to kick in without delay.

Supporting Breathing and CirculationOnce a heart attack is suspected, ACLS skills focus on quickly restoring oxygen flow to the heart muscle. Key actions include:

Giving oxygen through a face mask or nasal cannula

Starting an IV line to give medications

Hooking up monitoring to check heart rate and rhythm

Preparing to do CPR if needed

This buys critical time while getting ready for definitive treatment to open the blocked artery.

Interpreting ECG Rhythms 

A key ACLS skill is being able to quickly interpret ECG/EKG rhythm strips to diagnose heart conditions like:

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)

Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)

Deadly arrhythmias requiring defibrillation

This guides the next treatment steps like activating the cath lab or delivering shocks.

Performing Defibrillation/CardioversionIf the ECG shows a shockable rhythm like ventricular fibrillation, ACLS provides the protocols for immediate defibrillation. This helps to restart the heart. Or if unstable rhythms are present, ACLS covers performing synchronized cardioversion.

Going through the proper sequences of shocks and medications in ACLS has saved countless lives.

Providing Crucial Medications 

ACLS has clear protocols on what medications to give during a heart attack, such as:

Aspirin to help dissolve blood clots

Nitroglycerin is given to relieve chest pain

Anti-clotting drugs are used to prevent any clot forming anymore

Epinephrine or other pressors if blood pressure drops dangerously

ACLS training covers dosages, timing, and how to administer these drugs safely and effectively in an emergency.

Arranging Prompt Procedures A heart attack is treated by returning the flow of blood and removing the clot in the heart. There are two main options:

Cardiac Catheterization:

ACLS stresses preparing the patient for rapid transfer to have a catheter inserted to open the artery with balloons or stents. Goal is under 90 minutes.

Clot-Busting Medications:

ACLS also teaches IV drugs like TNKase or tPA to help dissolve clots, if catheterization can't happen right away.

Having these methods arranged ahead of time through ACLS systems avoids any delay in reopening the artery.

Managing ComplicationsHeart attacks often trigger other life-threatening issues. ACLS equips teams to swiftly recognize and treat problems like:

Dangerous heart rhythms like ventricular fibrillation

Extremely low blood pressure from shock

Acute heart failure as the heart muscle weakens

ACLS protocols cover techniques like defibrillation, CPR, medications, breathing support, and more to stabilize the patient. With these ACLS skills ready, complications can be managed until the patient reaches a higher level of cardiac care.

Who Can Enroll in ACLS Courses?

Healthcare professionals who need to lead or participate in resuscitation for adult cardiovascular emergencies like heart attacks, such as:

Doctors

Nurses

Paramedics

Other prehospital providers

Many hospitals require ACLS certification for staff in high-risk areas:

Emergency departments

Intensive care units

Cardiac care units

Healthcare trainees are strongly encouraged to get ACLS training early on:

Medical students

Nursing students

Resident physicians

Other healthcare students

Some facilities also recommend ACLS for other roles:

Respiratory therapists

Phlebotomists

Clinical staff who may need to provide basic life support

How to Stay ACLS Certified?

ACLS courses are very important for achieving the full potential of a health professional. Full ACLS courses provide:

Classroom lessons on the latest guidelines

Hands-on practice with equipment

Testing to ensure competency

But these crucial skills need ongoing practice. ACLS certification can be updated by enrolling in an ACLS renewal course every two years. The recertification is to:

Review any updates to treatments or steps

Build knowledge through extra learning

Retest skills to ensure they stay sharp

Most hospitals and EMS agencies require an active ACLS card at all times. With online renewal now available, it's easy to recertify ACLS skills on a flexible schedule.

Conclusion

With well-practiced ACLS abilities, myocardial infarction patients have a far better chance. ACLS equips the care team to provide high-quality emergency cardiac care in those first critical moments. You can find some of the best courses online and offline. Having current ACLS means teams can seamlessly use these skills when heart attacks or cardiac arrests happen without warning. The best courses for ACLS renewal can be found online.

[raahulsaawant]

What Happens During Angioplasty? A Simple Guide

Angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure designed to restore blood flow in arteries that have become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup, a condition often associated with heart disease. For those diagnosed with coronary artery disease, angioplasty can be a lifesaving treatment. In this guide, we will explain what happens during angioplasty and why it is an important procedure for heart health.

What Is Angioplasty?

Angioplasty, also known as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), is performed to open up narrowed or blocked arteries, ensuring that blood flows freely to the heart. This treatment is commonly recommended for patients who have chest pain (angina) or who are at risk of a heart attack.

This procedure is widely available in many cardiac centers. If you’re considering angioplasty treatment in Pune, consulting with the best cardiologist in Pune will help you understand if it's the right treatment option for you.

Step-by-Step Process of Angioplasty

Preparation for the Procedure Before angioplasty begins, the patient is given a mild sedative to help relax, though they remain awake during the procedure. A local anesthetic is administered to numb the site, usually in the groin, wrist, or arm, where the catheter will be inserted. The cardiologist will then insert a thin, flexible tube called a catheter into the artery.

Inserting the Catheter The cardiologist carefully guides the catheter through the blood vessels to the location of the blockage in the heart's arteries. During this time, imaging technology such as X-rays helps the doctor view the arteries and ensure the catheter reaches the correct spot.

Inflating the Balloon Once the catheter is in place, a small balloon attached to the catheter is inflated at the site of the blockage. The pressure from the balloon pushes the plaque against the walls of the artery, widening it and restoring blood flow. This part of the procedure usually lasts only a few minutes but is crucial in relieving symptoms like chest pain and preventing further complications.

Placing the Stent In many cases, a stent—a small wire mesh tube—is placed in the artery to keep it open long-term. The stent is expanded by the balloon and remains in the artery after the balloon is deflated and removed. Over time, the stent becomes a part of the artery wall, providing lasting support to maintain adequate blood flow.

Monitoring and Recovery After the balloon is deflated and the catheter is removed, the patient is taken to a recovery area for observation. Most patients can go home the same day or the day after the procedure, depending on their overall health and how the procedure went.

Why Angioplasty?

For those dealing with blocked arteries, angioplasty offers significant benefits, including:

Relief from chest pain: Angina is a common symptom of narrowed arteries, and angioplasty can provide immediate relief.

Prevention of heart attacks: By restoring blood flow, angioplasty can reduce the risk of a heart attack.

Quicker recovery: Compared to open-heart surgery, angioplasty is minimally invasive, allowing patients to return to normal activities sooner.

After the Procedure: What to Expect

Most patients experience improved blood flow and reduced symptoms after angioplasty. However, lifestyle changes such as eating a heart-healthy diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding smoking are essential for long-term success.

Patients should also continue follow-up appointments with their cardiologist in Pune to monitor their heart health. Medications may be prescribed to prevent blood clots, lower cholesterol, or control blood pressure.

Conclusion

Angioplasty is a vital procedure that can save lives by restoring proper blood flow to the heart. If you or a loved one is experiencing heart disease symptoms, consulting with the best cardiologist in Pune will help you explore the best treatment options, including angioplasty. This minimally invasive procedure is often a critical step in preventing more severe heart issues, improving quality of life, and ensuring long-term heart health.

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Balloon Pulmonary Valvotomy: Procedure, Symptoms, and Costs in India

The heart is an extraordinary organ, tirelessly working to pump blood throughout our bodies. Among its four critical valves, the pulmonic valve plays a key role in directing blood from the heart to the lungs, where it gets oxygenated. However, when this valve narrows—a condition known as pulmonic valve stenosis—it can obstruct blood flow, leading to various health issues. One effective solution to this problem is Balloon Pulmonary Valvotomy, a minimally invasive procedure. Let’s explore the causes, symptoms, recovery, and costs associated with this procedure in India.

Understanding the Causes of Pulmonic Valve Stenosis in Newborns

Pulmonic valve stenosis is often a congenital heart defect, meaning it develops while the baby is still in the womb. Several factors can contribute to this condition, including genetic abnormalities, maternal diabetes, viral infections during pregnancy, and even substance abuse. Notably, smoking while pregnant significantly increases the risk of pulmonic valve stenosis in newborns.

Recognizing Symptoms in Infants

While some infants may not show any symptoms, severe cases of pulmonic valve stenosis can lead to alarming signs. Parents should be vigilant for symptoms such as rapid breathing, chest pain, fainting, or a bluish tint to the lips and fingers, which indicates low oxygen levels. Early detection is crucial, as untreated stenosis can lead to serious complications, including sudden cardiac events.

How is Pulmonic Valve Stenosis Diagnosed?

If pulmonic valve stenosis is suspected, healthcare providers will utilize several diagnostic tools to assess the heart's function and detect any valve abnormalities. Common methods include X-rays, electrocardiograms (ECGs), and echocardiograms. For a more detailed evaluation, cardiac catheterization may also be performed, allowing doctors to visualize the heart structures more clearly.

Exploring Treatment Options

The treatment for pulmonic valve stenosis varies based on its severity. Mild cases may be managed with medication, while more severe cases often require intervention. Balloon Valvuloplasty is a preferred method for treating significant stenosis. This minimally invasive procedure effectively restores normal valve function. Other surgical options include valvotomy, patch enlargement, valvectomy, and pulmonary valve replacement.

The Balloon Valvuloplasty Procedure

During Balloon Valvuloplasty, the patient is placed under anesthesia to ensure comfort throughout the procedure. A catheter is inserted through a blood vessel in the groin and guided to the heart using imaging technology. Once in place, a balloon is positioned at the narrowed valve and inflated, widening the opening to restore proper blood flow. After the procedure, the catheter is removed, and the incision site is dressed.

Why Choose Balloon Pulmonary Valvotomy in India?

Opting for Balloon Pulmonary Valvotomy in India comes with a host of advantages. The country is known for its high-quality healthcare services at a fraction of the cost compared to many Western countries. With skilled medical professionals and strict regulatory standards, patients can feel confident that they are receiving top-notch care.

Conclusion: Take the Step Towards Better Heart Health

If you or a loved one is dealing with pulmonic valve stenosis, consider the many benefits of seeking treatment in India. CureIndia - Medical Tourism offers access to world-class medical facilities and expert care, ensuring you can take significant steps toward improved heart health without breaking the bank.

Contact CureIndia - Medical Tourism today to learn more about Balloon Pulmonary Valvotomy and begin your journey toward optimal cardiac wellness.

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Hyderabad Vascular Center: Comprehensive Vascular Treatments in Hyderabad

Introduction to Hyderabad Vascular Center

At Hyderabad Vascular Center , we take pride in offering the most advanced and effective vascular treatments. Our center, located in the heart of Hyderabad, provides a wide range of services that focus on managing and treating conditions related to veins and arteries. With a team of experienced vascular specialists, state-of-the-art technology, and personalized patient care, we ensure that every patient receives the best possible outcomes for their health. Why Choose Hyderabad Vascular Center for Your Vascular Health?

Vascular diseases can be complex and require specialized care. The team at Hyderabad Vascular Center understands this, and we aim to provide thorough diagnosis, effective treatment, and proper aftercare for each patient. Here’s what makes us stand out:

Experienced Vascular Surgeons: Our team is comprised of some of the best vascular surgeons in Hyderabad who bring years of expertise in treating a wide array of vascular conditions.

Advanced Treatment Options: We offer cutting-edge treatments such as laser therapies, endovenous ablation, and more, ensuring minimal discomfort and faster recovery.

Patient-Centric Approach: We focus on personalized treatment plans, educating patients about their condition and treatment options.

State-of-the-Art Facilities: Our facility is equipped with the latest medical equipment, ensuring that we can provide accurate diagnosis and effective treatments. Our Comprehensive Range of Vascular Treatments

Varicose Veins Treatment

Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins that can cause pain and discomfort. At Hyderabad Vascular Center, we offer the following treatments: https://www.hyderabadvascularcenter.com/varicose-veins-treatment

Laser Treatment for Varicose Veins: A non-invasive procedure that uses laser energy to close off the problematic veins, redirecting blood flow to healthier veins. This treatment is effective, quick, and has a shorter recovery time.

Endovenous Ablation: This minimally invasive procedure involves inserting a catheter into the affected vein and using heat to seal it shut. It is an outpatient procedure, meaning patients can return home the same day.

Glue Treatment: One of the latest treatments for varicose veins, this method involves injecting medical glue into the vein to seal it. It is painless, requires no anesthesia, and offers excellent results. https://www.hyderabadvascularcenter.com/glue-treatment-for-varicose-veins

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) Management

Peripheral artery disease is a condition that results from the narrowing of arteries, primarily in the legs, reducing blood flow. We provide comprehensive care for PAD, which includes:

Peripheral Artery Bypass Surgery: A surgical procedure to bypass the blocked artery, improving blood flow to the affected limb.

Angioplasty and Stenting: A non-surgical procedure where a balloon is used to widen the blocked artery, and a stent is placed to keep it open. This method is less invasive and has a quicker recovery time.

Aortic Aneurysm Treatment

An aortic aneurysm is a serious condition that involves the enlargement of the aorta. If left untreated, it can lead to life-threatening complications. At our center, we offer:

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR): A minimally invasive procedure where a stent graft is inserted to support the weakened area of the aorta. This treatment has fewer risks compared to open surgery and allows for quicker recovery.

Open Surgery for Aortic Aneurysm: In cases where endovascular repair is not feasible, we perform open surgery to repair the aneurysm, ensuring patient safety and long-term results.

Diabetic Foot Care

Diabetes can lead to complications in the feet, such as ulcers and infections, which, if not treated, may result in amputation. We emphasize preventive care and timely treatment for diabetic foot conditions:

Diabetic Foot Ulcer Management: Our team uses advanced wound care techniques to treat diabetic foot ulcers, preventing infections and promoting healing.

Podiatric Surgery: In cases where surgical intervention is needed, our expert surgeons provide precise and effective solutions to address foot complications caused by diabetes.

Day Care Surgeries

We understand the inconvenience that hospital stays can bring. That's why we offer day care surgeries, allowing patients to return home the same day. Our procedures are designed to be quick, effective, and minimize recovery time. 6. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Management

Deep vein thrombosis is a condition where a blood clot forms in the deep veins, usually in the legs. Prompt treatment is essential to prevent complications such as pulmonary embolism. We offer:

Thrombolysis: A treatment that involves dissolving blood clots using medication. It is effective in preventing the clot from growing or breaking off.

Blood Thinner Medication: Our specialists provide a tailored medication plan to prevent further clot formation. Advanced Diagnostic and Imaging Services

Accurate diagnosis is key to effective treatment. Hyderabad Vascular Center provides comprehensive diagnostic services, including:

Doppler Ultrasound: A non-invasive test that uses sound waves to visualize blood flow in the arteries and veins. It helps in diagnosing conditions such as DVT, varicose veins, and PAD.

CT Angiography: An advanced imaging technique that provides detailed images of the blood vessels, aiding in the diagnosis and treatment planning of conditions like aortic aneurysms and PAD. Patient Testimonials

Our commitment to quality care has earned us the trust of many satisfied patients. Here’s what some of them have to say:

"The team at Hyderabad Vascular Center provided me with excellent care. The laser treatment for my varicose veins was quick and painless, and I am so happy with the results!" - S. Rao

"I was diagnosed with PAD and was worried about the surgery. But the doctors at the center explained everything and performed a successful angioplasty. I’m back to my normal activities now." - A. Reddy Why Early Diagnosis and Treatment Matter

Vascular conditions, if left untreated, can lead to serious complications, including stroke, limb amputation, and even death. Early diagnosis and timely treatment can help in managing these conditions effectively, reducing the risk of complications. At Hyderabad Vascular Center, we encourage regular check-ups, especially for those who are at a higher risk of vascular diseases.

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Foley Catheter Market Share, Outlook, Trends, Growth, Analysis, Forecast 2024-2032

Foley catheters are an essential component of modern medical care, used primarily for urinary drainage in patients who are unable to control their bladder function. These indwelling devices consist of a flexible tube inserted into the bladder to drain urine, with a small balloon at the end that holds the catheter in place. Foley catheters are commonly used in hospitals, particularly for patients undergoing surgery, those with neurological conditions, or individuals in long-term care settings. With ongoing innovations in medical technology, newer versions of Foley catheters are becoming more comfortable for patients and are reducing the risk of infection, which has historically been a significant concern in catheter use.

The Foley Catheter Market size was estimated at USD 1.69 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach USD 2.85 billion by 2032 with a growing CAGR of 5.98% during the forecast period of 2024-2032.

Future Scope

The future of Foley catheter technology lies in the development of more biocompatible materials and infection-resistant designs. As healthcare systems increasingly prioritize patient comfort and safety, catheter manufacturers are exploring materials that are less prone to causing irritation or infection. Research into antimicrobial coatings and advanced materials such as silicone is paving the way for Foley catheters that can remain in place longer without increasing the risk of complications. Additionally, as the population ages and the demand for urological care rises, Foley catheter usage is expected to grow, driving further innovation in the market.

Trends

Several trends are emerging in the Foley catheter market, including the increasing use of silicone catheters, which are softer and more biocompatible than traditional latex-based options. Another significant trend is the focus on infection control, with manufacturers incorporating antimicrobial coatings and developing single-use, sterile catheters to minimize the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). The market is also seeing a shift toward more patient-friendly designs, such as self-inserting catheters and portable catheter systems that allow for greater independence and mobility for patients.

Applications

Foley catheters are widely used in various clinical settings, including hospitals, nursing homes, and home care. They are essential for patients undergoing surgery, particularly for procedures involving the pelvic organs or spine, where bladder control may be temporarily lost. Additionally, they are used in patients with chronic conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, or severe prostate problems. Foley catheters are also employed in critical care units to monitor urine output in patients with heart failure or kidney problems, helping doctors manage fluid levels and optimize care.

Key Points

Foley catheters are critical for urinary drainage in patients unable to control bladder function.

New materials such as silicone and antimicrobial coatings are improving patient comfort and reducing infection risks.

The aging population is driving the demand for Foley catheters, particularly in long-term care settings.

Innovations such as portable and self-inserting catheters are increasing patient independence.

Infection control remains a top priority, with CAUTIs being a major concern in catheter use.

Conclusion

Foley catheters remain a vital tool in medical care, ensuring effective urinary management for millions of patients worldwide. As technology advances, the focus on reducing infection rates, improving patient comfort, and enhancing catheter durability will continue to drive innovations in this field. With an aging population and increasing healthcare needs, Foley catheters will remain indispensable in urological care, offering both clinicians and patients more efficient and safer solutions in the years to come.