#majorca orchestra

[ozkar-krapo]

V/A

"Recent English experimental Music"

(cassette. Audio Arts. 1983 / rec. 1972-76) [GB]

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.12 (before 1960)

490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty. 1213 – Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. 1229 – Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island. 1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory. 1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen. 1634 – A gunpowder factory explodes in Valletta, Malta, killing 22 people and damaging several buildings. 1683 – Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna: Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire. 1814 – Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812. 1846 – Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning. 1847 – Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins. 1848 – A new constitution marks the establishment of Switzerland as a federal state. 1857 – The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush. 1885 – Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional Association football. 1890 – Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded. 1897 – Tirah Campaign: In the Battle of Saragarhi, ten thousand Pashtun tribesmen suffer several hundred casualties while attacking 21 Sikh soldiers in British service. 1906 – The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar. 1910 – Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter). 1915 – French soldiers rescue over 4,000 Armenian genocide survivors stranded on Musa Dagh. 1923 – Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom. 1933 – Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction. 1938 – Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. 1940 – Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France. 1940 – The Hercules Powder Plant Disaster in the United States kills 51 people and injures over 200. 1942 – World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life. 1942 – World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field are attacked by Imperial Japanese Army troops. 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is rescued from house arrest by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny. 1944 – World War II: The liberation of Yugoslavia from Axis occupation continues. Bajina Bašta in western Serbia is among the liberated cities. 1953 – U.S. Senator and future President John Fitzgerald Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier at St. Mary's Church in Newport, Rhode Island. 1958 – Jack Kilby demonstrates the first working integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments. 1959 – The Soviet Union launches a large rocket, Lunik II, at the Moon. 1959 – Bonanza, the first regularly scheduled TV program presented in color, is launched in the United States.

[myrecordcollections]

Harald Weiss

Trommelgefluster

@ 1982 Germany Pressing 

******

Harald Weiss (surname also spelled "Weiß") (born 26 May 1949 in Salzgitter) is a German composer, director, screenwriter, and free-lance artist.

Weiss's compositions are influenced by minimalism, as well as jazz and rock musics. Numerous trips (in the context of theater workshops and tours) to Africa, Asia, Europe, and South America have also had a significant influence on his music.

Weiss has received many awards for his musical compositions and films, including the Niedersachsen Kulturpreis (1982), the Kulturpreis of Bielefeld (1984), and a fellowship from the Villa Massimo in Rome (1985-1986).

In 2009 Dorothee Mields and Andreas Karasiak were the soloists in his requiem composition Schwarz vor Augen und es ward Licht dedicated to the Knabenchor Hannover, premiered on 31 October 2009 with the NDR Symphony Orchestra

Weiss has lived in Majorca, Spain since 1984, and his music is published by Schott Music.

Looking at the title of Harald Weiss’s only album for ECM, which means “Drum Whisper,” leaves us with no mysteries regarding what we are about to hear. This simplicity of purpose is characteristic of a composer whose modest discography has sadly left him little represented outside of his native Germany. As percussionist, vocalist, writer, and actor, Weiss brings a love of the theater to his performance style and world, which here is overrun with a thousand bare feet along the dusty earth. Weiss is also well traveled, and from his widely cast net hauls a wealth of local influences onto the vessel of his craft. And so, while flashes of Ramayana re-creation and Peking opera paint Trommelgeflüster as a disjointed pastiche, in the context of this recording these references take on a life of their own. Each percussive cell circles itself into an Ouroboros of change in a larger chain of being. Between the steel drummed steps and melismatic chants of Part I and the darker territories of Part II, which begin as if an offshoot of “Lucifer’s Farewell” from Karlheinz Stockhausen’s Samstag aus Licht before spreading into a diffuse palette of outbursts and whistling dreams, Weiss renders something intensely organic toward the concluding twang, steady and distant like a jaw harp in the mouth of providence.

A wonder of an album that defies categorization in the most pleasant way, Trommelgeflüster has the makings of a ritual, even as it uses itself as a stepping-stone into non-ritual realities, where regularity is but the dream of a nomadic soothsayer. The music skirts the edges of consciousness, even as it plumbs the depths of wakefulness.

Weiss is the recipient of numerous awards, and was just coming into prominence when Manfred Eicher decided to put him into the studio. The result is an intriguing session, and an artist, not be overlooked.

ECM Review

[basicwilliamsburgadidaships-blog]

UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists

Music Highlights include: Albanian folk iso-polyphony (Albania) Ahellil of Gourara (Algeria) Tango (Argentina, Uruguay) Duduk and its music (Armenia) Kochari, traditional group dance (Armenia) Art of Azerbaijani Ashiq (Azerbaijan) Craftmanship and performance art of the Tar, a long-necked string musical instrument (Azerbaijan) Art of crafting and playing with Kamantcheh/ Kamancha, a bowed string musical instrument (Azerbaijan, Iran) Heritage of Dede Qorqud/ Korkyt Ata/ Dede Korkut, epic culture, folk talks and music (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Turkey) Baul songs (Bangladesh) Language, dance and music of the Garifuna (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua) Mask dance of the drums from Drametse (Bhutan) Pujllay and Ayarichi, music and dances of the Yampara culture (Bolivia) Samba de Roda of the Reconcavo of Bahia (Brazil) Frevo, performing arts of the Carnival of Recife (Brazil) Bistritsa Babi, archaic polyphony, dances and rituals from the Shoplouk region (Bulgaria) Cultural practices and expressions linked to the balafon of the Senufo communities of Mali, Burkina Faso and Cote d’Ivoire (Burkina Faso, Mali, Cote d’Ivoire) Ritual dance of the royal drum (Burundi) Royal ballet of Cambodia (Cambodia) Polyphonic singing of the Aka Pygmies of Central Africa (Central African Republic) Baile Chino (Chile) Kun Qu opera (China) Guqin and its music (China) Uyghur Muqam of Xinjiang (China) Farmers’ dance of China’s Korean ethnic group (China) Grand song of the Dong ethnic people (China) Hua’er (China) Nanyin (China) Tibetan Opera (China) Xi’an wind and percussion ensemble (China) Yueju opera (China) Peking opera (China) Mongolian Urtiin Duu (Traditional Folk Long Song) (China, Mongolia) Mongolian art of singing: Khoomei (China, Mongolia) Marimba music, traditional chants and dances from the Colombia South Pacific region and Esmeraldas Province of Ecuador (Columbia, Ecuador) Gbofe of Afounkaha, the music of the transverse trumps of the Tagbana community (Cote d’Ivoire) Zaouli, popular music and dance of the Guro communities in Cote d’Ivoire (Cote d’Ivoire) Two-part singing and playing in the Istrian scale (Croatia) Becarac singing and playing from Eastern Croatia (Croatia) Nijemo Kolo, silent circle dance of the Dalmatian hinterland (Croatia) Klapa Multipart singing of Dalmatia, southern Croatia (Croatia)  Medimurka popevka, a folksong from Medimurje (Croatia) La Tumba Francesa. (Cuba) Punto (Cuba) Slovacko Verbunk, recruit dances (Czech Republic) Cocolo Dance Drama Tradition (Dominican Republic) Seto Léelo, Seto Polyphonic singing tradition (Estonia) Baltic (Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian) song and dance celebrations (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) Maloya (France) Fest-Noz, festive gathering based on the collective practice of traditional dances of Brittany (France) Gwoka: music, song, dance and cultural practice representative of Guadeloupean identity (France) Georgian polyphonic singing (Georgia) Organ craftmanship and music (Germany) Rebetiko (Greece) Rabinal Achi dance drama tradition (Guatemala) Koodiyattam, Sanskrit Theatre, Kerala (India) Mudiyett: a ritual theatre of Kerala (India) The Tradition of Vedic Chanting (India) Ramlila - the Traditional performance of the Ramayana (India) Kalbelia: folk songs and dances of Rajasthan (India) Chhau dance: a tradition from eastern India (India) Buddhist chanting of Ladakh: recitation of sacred Buddhist texts in the trans-Himalayan Ladakh region, Jammu and Kashmir, India (India) Sankirtana, ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur (India) Indonesian Angklung (Indonesia) Three genres of traditional dance in Bali (Indonesia) Radif of Iranian music (Iran) Music of the Bakhshis of Khorasan (Iran) The Iraqi Maqam (Iraq) Uilleann piping (Ireland) Opera dei Pupi, Sicilean Puppet Theatre (Italy) Canto a tenore, Sardinian Pastoral Songs (Italy) Traditional violin craftsmanship in Cremora (Italy) Reggae (Jamaica) Nogaku Theatre (Japan) Ningyo Johruri Bunraku Puppet Theatre (Japan) Kabuki Theatre (Japan) Akiu no Taue Odori (Japan) Chakkirako (Japan) Dainichido Bugaku (Japan) Gagaku (Japan) Traditional Ainu dance (Japan) Kumiodori, traditional Okinawan musical theatre (Japan) Sada Shin Noh, sacred dancing at Sara shrine, Shimane (Japan) The Art of Akyns, Kyrgyz Epic Tellers (Kyrgyzstan) Khaen music of the Lae people (Laos) Zajal, recited or sung poetry (Lebanon) Sutartines, Lithuanian multipart songs (Lithuania) Kopachkata, a social dance from the village of Dramche, Pijanec (Macedonia) Mak Long Theatre (Malaysia) Parachicos in the traditional January feast of Chiapa de Corzo (Mexico) Pirekua, traditional song of the Purepecha (Mexico) Mariachi, string music, song and trumpet (Mexico) The Christmas Carols in masculine hoarde (shared with Romania) (Moldova) The Traditional Music of the Morin Khuur (Mongolia) Tsuur end-blown flute (Mongolia) The Chopi Timbila (Mozambique) Traditional Mauritian Sega (Mauritius) Bhojpuri folk songs in Mauritius, Geet-Gawai (Mauritius) Sega tambour of Rodrigues Island (Mauritius) El Gueguense (Nicaragua) Huaconada, ritual dance of Mito (Peru) The scissors dance (Peru) Virgen de la Candelaria, Harakmbut sung prayers of Peru’s Huachinpaire people (Peru) The Hudhud Chants of the Ifugao (Philippines) The Fade, urban popular song of Portugal, performance genre incorporating music and poetry widely practiced in the country and among emigrant communities (Portugal) The Cante Alentejano, polyphonic singing from Alentejo, southern Portugal (Portugal) Pansori Epic Chant (South Korea) Cheoyongmu (South Korea) Ganggangsullea (South Korea) Namsadang Nori (South Korea) Gagok, lyric song cycles accompanied by an orchestra (South Korea) Arirang, lyrical folk song in the Republic of Korea (South Korea) Nongak, community band music, dance and rituals in the Republic of Korea (South Korea) Doina (Romania) The Christmas Carols in masculine horde (shared with Moldova) (Romania) Lad’s Dances (Romania) Alardah Alnajdiyah, dance, drumming and poetry in Saudi Arabia (Saudi Arabia) Almezmar, drumming and dancing with sticks (Saudi Arabia) Kolo, traditoinal folk dance (Serbia) Fujara and its music (Slovakia) Music of Terchova (Slovakia) Bagpipe Culture (Slovakia) Multipart singing of Horehronie (Slovakia) Whistled language of the island of La Gomera (Spain) Flamenco (Spain) The chant of the Sybil on Majorca (Spain) Khon, masked dance drama in Thailand (Thailand) The Lakalaka, Danes and sung speeches of Tonga (Tonga) Ashik tradition (Turkey) Kushtdepdi rite of singing and dancing (Turkmenistan) Cossack’s songs of Dnipropetrovsk Region (Ukraine) Sashmaqom Music (Uzbekistan) Space of gong culture (Vietnam) Nha Nhac, Vietnamese court music (Vietnam) Qual Ho Bac Ninh folk songs (Vietnam) Art of Don ca tai our music and song in southern Vietnam (Vietnam) Vi and Giam folk songs of the Nigh Tinh (Vietnam) Song of Sana’a (Yemen) The Mbende Jerusarema Dance (Zimbabwe)

**In need of Urgent Safeguarding** Yalli (Kochari, Tenzere) traditional group dances of Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan) Dikopelo folk music of Bakgatla ba Kgafela in Kgatleng District (Botswana) Traditional Vallenato music of the Greater Magdalena region (Columbia) Colombian-Venezuelan Ilano for songs (Columbia, Venezuela) Ojkanje singing (Croatia) Traditional Hand Puppetry - Al-Aragoz (Egypt) Saman dance (Indonesia) Naqqali, Iranian dramatic story-telling (Iran) Glasoechko, male two-part singing in Dolni Polog (Macedonia) Mongol Biyelgee, Mongolian traditional folk dance (Mongolia) Folk long song performance technique of Limbe performances - circular breathing (Mongolia) Taskwiwin, martial dance of the western High Atlas (Morocco) Eshuva, Harakmbut sung prayers of Peru’s Huachipaire people (Peru) whistled language (Turkey) Bigwaka, gourd trumpet music and dance of the Busoga Kingdom in Uganda (Uganda) Ma’di bowl lyre music and dance (Uganda) Ca try singing (Vietnam) Xoan singing of Phu Tho Province, Vietnam (Vietnam)

[kevindurkiin]

Music All Over The World 1

VA – Music All Over The World 1

01- Hugo Wintherhalter – A swedish rhapsody (3:02) 02- Francesco Anselmo – Arrivederci Roma (2:25) 03- Geoff Love – Poor people of Paris (2:36) 04- Manuel and the Music of the Mountains – April In Portugal (2:33) 05- Cliff Carpenter – An einem Sonntag in Avignon (3:18) 06- John Fox – Shanghai breezes (2:40) 07- Franck Pourcel – Around the world (2:22) 08- Horst Jankowski – Happy Frankfurt (2:33) 09- Percy Faith – Carolina Moon (2:33) 10- Helmut Zacharias – Tokyo melody (3:03) 11- Stanley Black – Majorca (1:48) 12- Paul Mauriat – Capri, c’est fini (2:37) 13- Günther Norris – Blume von Haiti (2:47) 14- Living Strings – Tennessee Waltz (3:17) 15- Herb Alpert & The Tijuana Brass – Jerusalem (2:30) 16- 101 Strings – Moonlight in Vermont (3:28) 17- Bert Kaempfert – Monte Carlo (2:24) 18- John Cameron Orchestra – Let’s go to San Francisco (3:04) 19- Hugo Strasser – Loco in Acapulco (3:38) 20- Mantovani – Give my regards to Broadway (2:13) 21- James Last – The Londonderry air (1:51) 22- Alfred Hause – Mein Herz schlägt nur für Wien (3:34) 23- Caravelli – I go to Rio (3:05) 24- Ray Conniff – Moscow windows (2:43) 25- Ron Goodwin – Old Beirut (3:01) 26- Vanessa Mae – Moroccan roll (3:07) 27- Van Mc Coy – African Symphony (2:59) 28- Roberto Delgado – Buenos dias, Argentina (3:24)

Music All Over The World 1 published first on https://soundwizreview.tumblr.com/

[grandmaster-chopin]

The Scherzo No. 3, Op. 39, in C-sharp minor by Frédéric Chopin, completed in 1839, was written in the abandoned monastery of Valldemossa on the Balearic island of Majorca, Spain. This is the most terse, ironic, and tightly constructed of the four scherzos, with an almost Beethovenian grandeur.

Frédéric Chopin dedicated this composition to one of his closest pupils, Adolphe Gutmann.

Opening bars of No. 3

The piece begins in the key of C-sharp minor, then moves to D-flat major, and returns to C-sharp minor, concluding with a Picardy third. The composition opens with an almost Lisztian introduction, leading to a subject in octaves of pent-up energy. The key changes to D-flat major, with a chorale-like subject, interspersed with delicate falling arpeggios. Louis Kentner thinks of it as "a Wagnerian melody of astonishing beauty, recalling the sound of tubas, harps and all the apocalyptic orchestra of Valhalla.’’

Performer:Rafael Orozco.The best interpretation of No. 3 i have ever heard.

[auskultu]

Beach Boys Meet Elvis

Keith Altham, New Musical Express, 23 March 1968

THE BEACH Boys meet Elvis! Beach Boys tour with London Philharmonic Orchestra? Bruce Johnston sings Lennon and McCartney! Beach Boys to do rock 'n' roll with Gene Vincent? Beach Boys concerts to raise half a million dollars for the Guru's Foundation? You can take your choice from those subjects which were all part of a 40 minute Transatlantic phone call from Bruce Johnston.

Fact is that the Beach Boys did meet Elvis recently, and Bruce happily launched into an account of their meeting.

"We just happened to be in the same recording studios as Elvis," said Bruce. "I was standing around in the corridor when this guy came up and asked if we would like to meet Elvis.

"He was going to bring him into our session and introduce him but Brian got very hung-up when I told him. 'Don't bring him in here or I'll scream,' he said.

"Eventually Al and I got up enough courage to go and walk into his studio. He is very polite but not so cool that it prevents you from making conversation.

"He had a 50 piece orchestra in the studio and was cutting a number for a new movie.

"We started to talk about touring and he admitted that he missed making personal appearances. He told us how in 1955 he used to hire a whole train for his concerts and how a Cadillac once caught fire on him and he just got out in time.

"He used to be very concerned over the security angle and was worried over other people getting hurt at his concerts as he was himself.

"We told him how some of our tours had been arranged and we convinced him that things are a bit slicker now.

"Elvis thought it would be a great idea if we could get together with the Beatles, Bill Haley, Ravi Shankar and ourselves to do a mammoth pop TV show as a spectacular for pop music.

"It was a hell of a fine idea and as was pointed out – no one thought the Monterey Festival could be organised until someone got things together and did it."

The possibility of the Beach Boys return to England this summer was discussed and Bruce affirmed that all the group wanted to come.

"We had one scheme where we were going to do some concerts with the London Philharmonic Orchestra," said Bruce, "but then we discovered that they are booked up for about three years in advance.

"The other plan being discussed is another European trip – it would be nice if we could include the pop festival in Majorca but then no one has asked us. I'd like to go back to Ibiza which is like the next Island along."

Included in the Beach Boys' recording plans are Bruce's own solo album which features him singing the Lennon and McCartney composition, 'With A Little Help From My Friends'.

He played me his interpretation of this on the piano over the phone – believe it or not he has made a very listenable waltz out of it!

"We're also releasing an instrumental album of our biggest hits so that people can sing and play along with them," said Bruce.

The Beach Boys begin another tour of the United States in April when one of the attractions will be what Bruce called "a party for a few friends" – some 15,000 fans who will be invited to a hall in Dallas.

"Dallas is the area where we are most popular," explained Bruce. "We want to say a special thank you to all the fans there.

"We almost had Brian convinced that he should come out with us on this tour and appear himself but he backed out yesterday. He needs more time for the recording studios."

How has the mythical Mr. Wilson B. reacted to transcendental meditation?

"He's not convinced," said Bruce who admitted that he was. "Brian thinks it's a band-wagon that everyone is leaping upon because the Beatles made the going.

"I do believe in the practical elements of transcendental meditation but I don't want to talk about it.

"We intend to do a tour with the Maharishi on one half of the show and us doing the other. That would gross him about half a million dollars for his Centre in India."

Bruce is not too pleased with the Monkees' Organisation at present!

Sour joke "Someone must have given them my home address for a joke," he said. "They printed it in the Monkees' official magazine and said I was a fan. I'm still digging myself out of the mail I've received on that one."

Other business at the Johnston residence includes a pipe-dream of Bruce's to import a British pub to Beverly Hills.

"I really got to think about it," said Bruce. "I mean really – section by section a genuine British pub out here would be a storm. The only trouble is that I would have to get some genuine English people to fill it. I really miss going into a pub."

For those who collect useless pieces of information: Bruce is having his big toe nail removed shortly – due to damage on last year's English tour, when a group of fans stood on it – he has acquired four TV sets including a colour job which Brian gave him for Christmas. He is also drinking too much wine.

[artbookdap]

Let's take this weekend out on an off note and BUTCHER THE CLASSICS with this mind-boggling playlist from the editors of 'The World's Worst: A Guide to the Portsmouth Sinfonia.' ⁠⠀ ⁠⠀ Linkinbio will take you to the playlist. But please also see editors Chris Reeves and Aaron Walker's invaluable annotations via link on our homepage, artbook.com (or here: https://www.artbook.com/blog-worlds-worst-playlist.html). ⁠⠀ Recordings are by The Portsmouth Sinfonia, of course, but also: Florence Foster Jenkins, Temple City Kazoo Orchestra, The Majorca Orchestra, Michael Nyman, The Scratch Orchestra, Brian Eno, Spike Jones and His City Slickers, the Promenade Theatre Orchestra and Steve Beresford and Anne Marie Beretta.⁠⠀ ⁠⠀ In 1970, galvanized in part by the musical experiments of avant-garde composers Gavin Bryars, John Cage and Cornelius Cardew, students at Portsmouth College of Art in England formed their own symphony orchestra. Christened the Portsmouth Sinfonia, its primary requirement for membership was that all players, regardless of skill, experience or musicianship, be unfamiliar with their chosen instruments. C⁠⠀ ⁠⠀ 'The World's Worst: A Guide to the Portsmouth Sinfonia' is published by @soberscove⁠⠀ ⁠⠀ Please order from your local independent #bookstorehero — many are still shipping or offering curbside pickup! You can also order from local independents via @bookshop_org or #indiebound⁠⁠⁠⠀⁠⠀⁠⠀⁠⠀⁠⠀ Or order directly from @artbookps1 @artbookhwla or artbook.com!⁠⠀ ⁠⠀ @otherchrisreeves @pinecone_ready #portsmouthsinfonia #florencefosterjenkins #templecitykazooorchestra #majorcaorchestra #michaelnyman #scratchorchestra #brianeno #spikejones #promenadetheatreorchestra #steveberesford #annamarieberetta⁠⠀ ⁠⠀ https://www.instagram.com/p/CATdZiQp2e0/?igshid=u6zwwbtkfhx4

[todayclassical]

September 08 in Music History

1588 Birth of French music theorist Marin Mersenne in La Soultiere. 

1613 Death of Italian lutenist and composer Don Carlo Gesualdo in Naples. 

1672 Baptism of French composer Nicolas de Grigny in Reims. 

1706 Death of composer Romanus Weichlein.

1736 Birth of composer Bernardo Ottani.

1767 Birth of composer Karl August von Lichtenstein.

1779 Birth of composer Johann Philipp Samuel Schmidt.

1792 Birth of composer Joseph Netherclift.

1800 Death of French composer and violinist Pierre Gavinies in Paris. 

1815 Birth of Italian soprano Giuseppina Strepponi.

1824 Birth of Spanish composer Jaime Nuno Roca in San Juan, Spain.

1826 Birth of composer Disma Fumagalli.

1827 Birth of composer Emil Naumann.

1841 Birth of Czech composer Antonin Dvorak.

1852 FP of Mendelssohn's Christus unfinished oratorio, in Birmingham, England.

1862 Founding of St. Petersburg Conservatory.

1863 Birth of composer Gustavo Emilio Campa.

1870 Birth of German composer and conductor Hermann Hans Wetzler.

1883 FP of Graffigna: "Il matrimonio segreto" Florence.

1886 Birth of French soprano Ninon Vallin.

1893 Birth of German conductor Fritz Zweig in Moravia.

1894 Birth of Dutch pianist and conductor Willem Pijpe in Zeist. 

1904 Birth of composer Carlos Sanchez Malaga.

1914 Birth of English keyboard player, conductor and writer Lionel Salter.

1919 Birth of composer David Johan Kvandal.

1921 Birth of German composer Hans Engelmann in Darmstadt. 

1925 Birth of composer Magnus Blondal Johansson.

1925 Birth of composer Alexander Nikolayevich Kholminov.

1928 Birth of Italian bass-baritone Fabio Giongo, in Milan.

1929 Birth of German conductor Christoph Von Dohnanyi in Berlin. 

1930 Birth of French baritone Peter Gottlieb, in Brno.

1933 Birth of musicologist and composer Eric Salzman in New York City.

1934 Birth of English composer Peter Maxwell Davies in Manchester.

1934 Birth of Canadian composer Srul Irving Glick in Toronto.

1937 Birth of composer Thomas Schudel Defiance, OH.

1938 Birth of Dutch composer and pianist Reinbert de Leeuw in Amsterdam.

1949 Death of German composer and conductor Richard Strauss.

1951 Birth of American composer Louis Karchin Philadelphia, PA.

1951 Birth of Hungarian pianist Deszo Ranki.

1955 Birth of American composer Daniel Palkowski in Oak Ridge, TN.

1956 Birth of American composer Phillip Schroeder.

1961 FP of Earle Brown's Available Forms I for 18 players, in Darmstadt.

1970 Birth of German pianist Lars Vogt.

1971 FP of Leonard Bernstein's Mass, A Theater Piece, choreographed by Alvin Ainley, directed by Gordon Davidson, and conducted by Maurice Peress at the inauguration of the John F. Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C.

1973 Birth of American composer Dennis DeSantis in Warren, MI.

1975 FP of Paul Chihara's Ceremony V Symphony in Celebration in Houston.

1991 Death of American composer Alex North.

1995 FP of Lou Harrison's New First Suite for Strings. Stuttgart Symphony, Dennis Russell Davies conducting in Majorca.

2000 FP of Tan Dun's Water Passion after St. Matthew with vocal soloists Elizabeth Keusch and Stephen Bryant, violinist Mark O'Connor, cellist Maya Beiser, and percussionist David Cossin, and the orchestra of the Bach Academy conducted by the composer in Stuttgart. One of four passion settings commissioned by the International Bach Academy to honor the 250th anniversary of Bach's death in the year 2000.

[frjacobs]

Datum: Bronzen beelden van bebe van 20 augustus tot 2 september in gallerie Artine, Kursaal-Oosthelling 6, 8400 Oostende van 10 am – 12am  en van 15 pm tot 22 pm

Er hangen ook enkele geseelcteerde werken van Jaco, kunstschilder.

Vernissages en concerten en kunst experimenten :

Bio bebe:

Bebe is geboren in Bucurestgi, Roemenie in 1950. Hij heeft een internationale loopbaan gehad en hij heeft diverse prijzen gewonnen: Grand prix “Stanislas” de la ville de Nancy, Grand prix “Robert Vrinat” de la ville de Metz, Grand prix de la sculpture du salon Béziers, etc..

Hij is een leerling van Dali en zijn werken zijn abstract en symbolisch. Hij maakt beelden in brons met een eigen karakter en handtgekening. Voor KEG hebben we een serie van zijn werken verzameld van prive verzamelaarsen we zijn fier dat we deze mogen tonen aan het grote publiek. Sommige werken zijn te koop.

  Bio Jaco:

Freddy Jacobs aka  “Jaco”  studied at the Royal Academy of Arts in Bruges, Belgium when he was young. He became civil engineer and started to paint in 2009 when he became 50 years of age.  Jaco uses different materials in his paintings. His passion is creating unusual and unique art using texture as a base for his works. He paints with feeling, using colour and forms to express himself.  The variety of mixed materials are bringing structure and effects in his paintings. He uses bright colours in an way that the paintings start to inter-act with the viewer, creating emotions and strong feelings. Jaco’s  work is a bold mix of styles, ranging from sleek and contemporary to weathered and organic. He brings a subtle and sophisticated feel to his paintings through a unique balance of colour, composition and texture.  The coloured mixed media are having their own dialogue with the audience. He brings a variety of theme’s as he gets inspired he always experiments to make some variations of the initial idea and series. He is constantly evolving and exploring new techniques which allows him to look at his work in a new light. This creative process gives him energy and satisfaction feelings that he transmits  through his works to his viewers…..

Bio Mikhail Bezverkhni van Gent

Als violist heeft hij een grote carrière gemaakt, maakte hij vele tournees en was hij laureaat en prijswinnaar van verschillende internationale concoursen. In 1976 won hij de eerste prijs tijdens de Koningin Elisabethwedstrijd voor viool, Grand Prix D’Elisabeth, te Brussel. Deze zeer prestigieuze toekenning markeerde wel het tijdperk waarin hij vrij was te reizen buiten de USSR. Hoewel hij binnen de USSR vele concertreizen en opnames maakte werd het hem vanaf 1978 voor lange tijd belet in en uit het westen te reizen. Na de val van de Berlijnse Muur in 1990 heeft hij zich definitief in België gevestigd. Naast de vele opnames die hij onder meer heeft gemaakt voor Melodya en Deutsche Grammophon, heeft Michail Bezverchni ook zijn sporen verdiend als dirigent, acteur en als componist van onder andere filmmuziek. Zijn Suite Gambrinus won de eerste prijs van de muziek tijdens het internationale filmfestival van Valence (Frankrijk) in 1992. Als kunstschilder heeft hij vanaf 1976 tot 1990 een 14-jarige kunstvakopleiding genoten bij Vladimir Rajkov, leerling van Robert Falk. Lange tijd na zijn vestiging in België keerde hij uiteindelijk in 2007 terug naar de schilderkunst. Meer dan 30 van zijn werken bevinden zich inmiddels in privé-collecties in België, Duitsland, Frankrijk, Portugal, Rusland, Wit-Rusland, Tsjechië, Monaco, Israël, Majorca enVaticaanstad.

Bio: Gulzhaina kydyrova, cello

Zhaina is geboren in Almaty, Kazachstan in 1972. Zij begon op de leeftijd van 11 jaar oud in de speciale muziekschool K. Bajseitova in Almaty, Kazachstan en studeerde af in 1991. In 1991 vatte ze haar studies aan in het conservatorium in Kurmangazy Kazachse in Almaty, Kazachstan en ze studeerde af als lerares,  concert muziekante,  cello soliste en artieste voor kamerorkesten, muziek, opera en symfonische  orkesten. Ze studeerde bij professor Djambul Baspaev. Vanwege haar uitzonderlijke prestaties werd ze uitgenodigd aan het conservatorium P. Tsjaikovski in Moscou onder het Sovjet-regime en behaalde haar postgraduaat in 1999. Na deze studies volgde ze een opleiding aan het ‘Moscou State Conservatory’ voor twee jaar en eindigde haar muzikale opleiding in 2001. Ze volgde lessen bij professor Tatiania Priymenko en hoogleraar Dmitry Miller concert meester van de cello’s bij het Bolshoi Theater. Ze had trainingen van professor Yakunin, en kreeg de hoogste kwalificatie voor het onderwijzen van cello in Almaty, Kazachstan in 2012, en deed een masterclass met Igolinsky van Moskou en Valentin Berlinski en Oleg Sendetsky van het ‘Mariinsky Theatre’ in Sint Petersburg in 2013.

Ze heeft verschillende wedstrijden gewonnen: laureaat  op de wedstrijd van de muziekscholen in Almaty, Kazakhstan, 1987 – Laureaat van de nationale competitie voor jonge muzikanten in Ust Kamenogorsk,  Kazakhstan, 1988 – Speciale  prijs in een internationale competitie in Rusland, 1990 – Laureaat van een internationale competitie in Turkmenistan, 1994

Ze was docent cello aan het conservatorium in Almaty, Kazakhstan, assistent-docent in het ‘Conservatory  Chamber Ensemble’ in Almaty,  docent aan de speciale muziekschool voor hoogbegaafde kinderen in Almaty en ze is vandaag  muziekleraar voor cello en piano met een ervaring van meer dan 12 jaar. Haar studenten kregen nationale en internationale prijzen in verschillende wedstrijden.

Ze trad op als artiest in een nationaal en  internationaal kader: artieste voor het Kazakstaanse televisie en radio orkest, Almaty, Kazakhstan, soliste voor een kamerorkest, Almaty, Kazakhstan, artieste voor een kamerorkest van het muziek en drama theater in Moskou, artieste  in de ‘ State Capella Moscow City Symphony Orchestra’, artieste in een kamerorkest in de muziekschool genoemd naar  Galina Vishnevskaya en Mstislav Rostropovich in Moskou , artieste in een kamerorkest van de staatsuniversiteit Lomonosov in Moskou, artieste in een kamerorkest onder de burgemeester en het stadhuis van Almaty, Kazakhstan, Artieste in het nationaal symfonisch orkest in Almaty, Kazakhstan, Lid van een eigen opgericht kwartet, van 2007  onder de naam Mezzo

Ze kwam naar België in 2013 en begon een opleidingsinstituut onder de naam ‘Mezzo’ voor piano en cello. Ze treedt vandaag op als artiest met haar ensemble  ‘Mezzo & Co’ en organiseert culturele events en zakelijke events voor derden.

Expo bebe 20 augustus tot 2 september Datum: Bronzen beelden van bebe van 20 augustus tot 2 september in gallerie Artine, Kursaal-Oosthelling 6, 8400 Oostende van 10 am - 12am  en van 15 pm tot 22 pm…

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.12 (before 1941)

490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty. 1213 – Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. 1229 – Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island. 1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory. 1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen. 1634 – A gunpowder factory explodes in Valletta, Malta, killing 22 people and damaging several buildings. 1683 – Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna: Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire. 1762 – The Sultanate of Sulu ceded Balambangan Island to the British East India Company 1814 – Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812. 1846 – Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning. 1847 – Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins. 1848 – A new constitution marks the establishment of Switzerland as a federal state. 1857 – The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush. 1885 – Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional Association football. 1890 – Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded. 1897 – Tirah Campaign: In the Battle of Saragarhi, ten thousand Pashtun tribesmen suffer several hundred casualties while attacking 21 Sikh soldiers in British service. 1906 – The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar. 1910 – Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter). 1915 – French soldiers rescue over 4,000 Armenian genocide survivors stranded on Musa Dagh. 1923 – Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom. 1933 – Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction. 1938 – Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. 1940 – Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France. 1940 – The Hercules Powder Plant Disaster in the United States kills 51 people and injures over 200.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.12

490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty. 1213 – Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. 1229 – Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island. 1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory. 1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen. 1634 – A gunpowder factory explodes in Valletta, Malta, killing 22 people and damaging several buildings. 1683 – Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna: Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire. 1762 – The Sultanate of Sulu ceded Balambangan Island to the British East India Company 1814 – Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812. 1846 – Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning. 1847 – Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins. 1848 – A new constitution marks the establishment of Switzerland as a federal state. 1857 – The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush. 1885 – Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional Association football. 1890 – Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded. 1897 – Tirah Campaign: In the Battle of Saragarhi, ten thousand Pashtun tribesmen suffer several hundred casualties while attacking 21 Sikh soldiers in British service. 1906 – The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar. 1910 – Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter). 1915 – French soldiers rescue over 4,000 Armenian genocide survivors stranded on Musa Dagh. 1923 – Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom. 1933 – Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction. 1938 – Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. 1940 – Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France. 1940 – The Hercules Powder Plant Disaster in the United States kills 51 people and injures over 200. 1942 – World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life. 1942 – World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field are attacked by Imperial Japanese Army troops. 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is rescued from house arrest by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny. 1944 – World War II: The liberation of Yugoslavia from Axis occupation continues. Bajina Bašta in western Serbia is among the liberated cities. 1945 – The People's Republic of Korea is proclaimed, bringing an end to Japanese rule over Korea. 1948 – Chinese Civil War: Marshal Lin Biao, commander-in-chief of the Chinese communist Northeast Field Army, launched a massive offensive toward Jinzhou, Liaoshen Campaign has begun. 1953 – U.S. Senator and future President John Fitzgerald Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier at St. Mary's Church in Newport, Rhode Island. 1958 – Jack Kilby demonstrates the first working integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments. 1959 – The Soviet Union launches a large rocket, Lunik II, at the Moon. 1959 – Bonanza premieres, the first regularly scheduled TV program presented in color. 1961 – The African and Malagasy Union is founded. 1961 – Air France Flight 2005 crashes near Rabat–Salé Airport, in Rabat, Morocco, killing 77 people. 1962 – President John F. Kennedy delivers his "We choose to go to the Moon" speech at Rice University. 1966 – Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA's Gemini program, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the Apollo lunar missions). 1969 – Philippine Airlines Flight 158 crashes in Antipolo, near Manila International Airport in the Philippines, killing 45 people. 1970 – Dawson's Field hijackings: Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Zarqa, Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman. 1974 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years. 1977 – South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko dies in police custody. 1980 – Military coup in Turkey. 1983 – A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros. 1983 – The USSR vetoes a United Nations Security Council Resolution deploring the Soviet destruction of Korean Air Lines Flight 007. 1984 – Dwight Gooden sets the baseball record for strikeouts in a season by a rookie with 276, previously set by Herb Score with 246 in 1954. Gooden's 276 strikeouts that season, pitched in 218 innings, set the current record. 1988 – Hurricane Gilbert devastates Jamaica; it turns towards Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula two days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage. 1990 – The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German reunification. 1990 – The Red Cross organizations of mainland China and Taiwan sign Kinmen Agreement on repatriation of illegal immigrants and criminal suspects after two days of talks in Kinmen, Fujian Province in response to the two tragedies in repatriation in the previous two months. It is the first agreement reached by private organizations across the Taiwan Strait. 1992 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space. 1992 – Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well. 1994 – Frank Eugene Corder fatally crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing. There were no other casualties. 2001 – Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry, leaving 10,000 people unemployed. 2003 – The United Nations lifts sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. 2003 – Iraq War: In Fallujah, U.S. forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers. 2003 – Typhoon Maemi, the strongest recorded typhoon to strike South Korea, made landfall near Busan. 2005 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: the Israeli disengagement from Gaza is completed, leaving some 2,530 homes demolished. 2007 – Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder. 2007 – Two earthquakes measuring 8.4 and 7.9 on the Richter Scale hits the Indonesian island of Sumatra, killing 25 people and injuring 161. 2008 – The 2008 Chatsworth train collision in Los Angeles between a Metrolink commuter train and a Union Pacific freight train kills 25 people. 2011 – The National September 11 Memorial & Museum in New York City opens to the public. 2013 – NASA confirms that its Voyager 1 probe has become the first manmade object to enter interstellar space. 2015 – A series of explosions involving propane triggering nearby illegally stored mining detonators in the Indian town of Petlawad in the state of Madhya Pradesh kills at least 105 people with over 150 injured.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.12

490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty. 1213 – Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. 1229 – Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island. 1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory. 1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen. 1634 – A gunpowder factory explodes in Valletta, Malta, killing 22 people and damaging several buildings. 1683 – Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna: Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire. 1762 – The Sultanate of Sulu ceded Balambangan Island to the British East India Company 1814 – Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812. 1846 – Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning. 1847 – Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins. 1848 – A new constitution marks the establishment of Switzerland as a federal state. 1857 – The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush. 1885 – Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional Association football. 1890 – Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded. 1897 – Tirah Campaign: In the Battle of Saragarhi, ten thousand Pashtun tribesmen suffer several hundred casualties while attacking 21 Sikh soldiers in British service. 1906 – The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar. 1910 – Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter). 1915 – French soldiers rescue over 4,000 Armenian genocide survivors stranded on Musa Dagh. 1923 – Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom. 1933 – Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction. 1938 – Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. 1940 – Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France. 1940 – The Hercules Powder Plant Disaster in the United States kills 51 people and injures over 200. 1942 – World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life. 1942 – World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field are attacked by Japanese troops. 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is rescued from house arrest by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny. 1944 – World War II: The liberation of Yugoslavia from Axis occupation continues. Bajina Bašta in western Serbia is among the liberated cities. 1945 – The People's Republic of Korea is proclaimed, bringing an end to Japanese rule over Korea. 1948 – Marshal Lin Biao, commander-in-chief of the Chinese communist Northeast Field Army, launched a massive offensive toward Jinzhou, Liaoshen Campaign has begun. 1953 – U.S. Senator and future President John Fitzgerald Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier at St. Mary's Church in Newport, Rhode Island. 1958 – Jack Kilby demonstrates the first working integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments. 1959 – The Soviet Union launches a large rocket, Lunik II, at the Moon. 1959 – Bonanza premieres, the first regularly scheduled TV program presented in color. 1961 – The African and Malagasy Union is founded. 1962 – President Kennedy delivers his "We choose to go to the Moon" speech at Rice University. 1966 – Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA's Gemini program, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the Apollo lunar missions). 1970 – Dawson's Field hijackings: Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman. 1974 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years. 1977 – South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko dies in police custody. 1980 – Military coup in Turkey. 1983 – A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros. 1983 – The USSR vetoes a United Nations Security Council Resolution deploring the Soviet destruction of Korean Air Lines Flight 007. 1984 – Dwight Gooden sets the baseball record for strikeouts in a season by a rookie with 276, previously set by Herb Score with 246 in 1954. Gooden's 276 strikeouts that season, pitched in 218 innings, set the current record. 1988 – Hurricane Gilbert devastates Jamaica; it turns towards Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula two days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage. 1990 – The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German reunification. 1990 – The Red Cross organizations of mainland China and Taiwan sign Kinmen Agreement on repatriation of illegal immigrants and criminal suspects after two days of talks in Kinmen, Fujian Province in response to the two tragedies in repatriation in the previous two months. It is the first agreement reached by private organizations across the Taiwan Strait. 1992 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space. 1992 – Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well. 1994 – Frank Eugene Corder fatally crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing. There were no other casualties. 2001 – Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry, leaving 10,000 people unemployed. 2003 – The United Nations lifts sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. 2003 – Iraq War: In Fallujah, U.S. forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers. 2005 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: the Israeli disengagement from Gaza is completed, leaving some 2,530 homes demolished. 2007 – Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder. 2008 – The 2008 Chatsworth train collision in Los Angeles between a Metrolink commuter train and a Union Pacific freight train kills 25 people. 2011 – The National September 11 Memorial & Museum in New York City opens to the public. 2015 – A series of explosions involving propane triggering nearby illegally stored mining detonators in the Indian town of Petlawad in the state of Madhya Pradesh kills at least 105 people with over 150 injured.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.12

490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty. 1185 – Emperor Andronikos I Komnenos brutally put to death in Constantinople. 1213 – Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. 1229 – Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island. 1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory. 1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen. 1634 – A gunpowder factory explodes in Valletta, Malta, killing 22 people and damaging several buildings. 1683 – Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna: Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire. 1762 – The Sultanate of Sulu ceded Balambangan Island to the British East India Company 1814 – Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812. 1846 – Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning. 1847 – Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins. 1848 – A new constitution marks the establishment of Switzerland as a federal state. 1857 – The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush. 1885 – Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional Association football. 1890 – Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded. 1897 – Tirah Campaign: In the Battle of Saragarhi, ten thousand Pashtun tribesmen suffer several hundred casualties while attacking 21 Sikh soldiers in British service. 1906 – The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar. 1910 – Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter). 1915 – French soldiers rescue over 4,000 Armenian Genocide survivors stranded on Musa Dagh. 1923 – Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom. 1933 – Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction. 1938 – Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. 1940 – Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France. 1940 – The Hercules Powder Plant Disaster in the United States kills 51 people and injures over 200. 1942 – World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life. 1942 – World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field are attacked by Japanese troops. 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is rescued from house arrest by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny. 1944 – World War II: The liberation of Yugoslavia from Axis occupation continues. Bajina Bašta in western Serbia is among the liberated cities. 1945 – The People's Republic of Korea is proclaimed, bringing an end to Japanese rule over Korea. 1948 – Marshal Lin Biao, commander-in-chief of the Chinese communist Northeast Field Army, launched a massive offensive toward Jinzhou, Liaoshen Campaign has begun. 1953 – U.S. Senator and future President John Fitzgerald Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier at St. Mary's Church in Newport, Rhode Island. 1958 – Jack Kilby demonstrates the first working integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments. 1959 – The Soviet Union launches a large rocket, Lunik II, at the Moon. 1959 – Bonanza premieres, the first regularly scheduled TV program presented in color. 1961 – The African and Malagasy Union is founded. 1962 – President Kennedy delivers his "We choose to go to the Moon" speech at Rice University. 1966 – Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA's Gemini program, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the Apollo lunar missions). 1970 – Dawson's Field hijackings: Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman. 1974 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years. 1977 – South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko dies in police custody. 1980 – Military coup in Turkey. 1983 – A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros. 1983 – The USSR vetoes a United Nations Security Council Resolution deploring the Soviet destruction of Korean Air Lines Flight 007. 1984 – Dwight Gooden sets the baseball record for strikeouts in a season by a rookie with 276, previously set by Herb Score with 246 in 1954. Gooden's 276 strikeouts that season, pitched in 218 innings, set the current record. 1988 – Hurricane Gilbert devastates Jamaica; it turns towards Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula two days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage. 1990 – The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German reunification. 1990 – The Red Cross organizations of mainland China and Taiwan sign Kinmen Agreement on repatriation of illegal immigrants and criminal suspects after two days of talks in Kinmen, Fujian Province in response to the two tragedies in repatriation in the previous two months. It is the first agreement reached by private organizations across the Taiwan Strait. 1992 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space. 1992 – Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well. 1994 – Frank Eugene Corder fatally crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing. There were no other casualties. 2001 – Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry, leaving 10,000 people unemployed. 2003 – The United Nations lifts sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. 2003 – Iraq War: In Fallujah, U.S. forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers. 2005 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: the Israeli disengagement from Gaza is completed, leaving some 2,530 homes demolished. 2007 – Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder. 2008 – The 2008 Chatsworth train collision in Los Angeles between a Metrolink commuter train and a Union Pacific freight train kills 25 people. 2011 – The National September 11 Memorial & Museum in New York City opens to the public. 2015 – A series of explosions involving propane triggering nearby illegally stored mining detonators in the Indian town of Petlawad in the state of Madhya Pradesh kills at least 105 people with over 150 injured.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.12

490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty. 1185 – Emperor Andronikos I Komnenos brutally put to death in Constantinople. 1213 – Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. 1229 – Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island. 1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory. 1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen. 1634 – A gunpowder factory explodes in Valletta, Malta, killing 22 people and damaging several buildings. 1683 – Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna: Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire. 1762 – The Sultanate of Sulu ceded Balambangan Island to the British East India Company 1814 – Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812. 1846 – Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning. 1847 – Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins. 1848 – A new constitution marks the establishment of Switzerland as a federal state. 1857 – The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush. 1885 – Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional Association football. 1890 – Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded. 1897 – Tirah Campaign: In the Battle of Saragarhi, ten thousand Pashtun tribesmen suffer several hundred casualties while attacking 21 Sikh soldiers in British service. 1906 – The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar. 1910 – Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter). 1915 – French soldiers rescue over 4,000 Armenian Genocide survivors stranded on Musa Dagh. 1923 – Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom. 1933 – Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction. 1938 – Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. 1940 – Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France. 1940 – An explosion at the Hercules Powder Company plant in Kenvil, New Jersey kills 51 people and injures over 200. 1942 – World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life. 1942 – World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field are attacked by Japanese troops. 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is rescued from house arrest by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny. 1944 – World War II: The liberation of Yugoslavia from Axis occupation continues. Bajina Bašta in western Serbia is among the liberated cities. 1948 – Marshal Lin Biao, commander-in-chief of the Chinese communist Northeast Field Army, launched a massive offensive toward Jinzhou, Liaoshen Campaign has begun. 1952 – Strange occurrences, including a monster sighting, take place in Flatwoods, West Virginia. 1953 – U.S. Senator and future President John Fitzgerald Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier at St. Mary's Church in Newport, Rhode Island. 1958 – Jack Kilby demonstrates the first working integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments. 1959 – The Soviet Union launches a large rocket, Lunik II, at the moon. 1959 – Bonanza premieres, the first regularly scheduled TV program presented in color. 1961 – The African and Malagasy Union is founded. 1962 – President Kennedy delivers his "We choose to go to the Moon" speech at Rice University. 1966 – Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA's Gemini program, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the Apollo lunar missions). 1970 – Dawson's Field hijackings: Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman. 1974 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years. 1974 – Juventude Africana Amílcar Cabral is founded in Guinea-Bissau. 1977 – South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko dies in police custody. 1980 – Military coup in Turkey. 1983 – A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros. 1983 – The USSR vetoes a United Nations Security Council Resolution deploring the Soviet destruction of Korean Air Lines Flight 007. 1984 – Dwight Gooden sets the baseball record for strikeouts in a season by a rookie with 276, previously set by Herb Score with 246 in 1954. Gooden's 276 strikeouts that season, pitched in 218 innings, set the current record. 1988 – Hurricane Gilbert devastates Jamaica; it turns towards Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula two days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage. 1990 – The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German reunification. 1990 – The Red Cross organizations of mainland China and Taiwan sign Kinmen Agreement on repatriation of illegal immigrants and criminal suspects after two days of talks in Kinmen, Fujian Province in response to the two tragedies in repatriation in the previous two months. It is the first agreement reached by private organizations across the Taiwan Strait. 1992 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space. 1992 – Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well. 1994 – Frank Eugene Corder fatally crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing. There were no other casualties. 2001 – Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry, leaving 10,000 people unemployed. 2003 – The United Nations lifts sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. 2003 – Iraq War: In Fallujah, U.S. forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers. 2005 – Israeli-Palestinian conflict: the Israeli disengagement from Gaza is completed, leaving some 2,530 homes demolished.[3] 2007 – Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder. 2008 – The 2008 Chatsworth train collision in Los Angeles between a Metrolink commuter train and a Union Pacific freight train kills 25 people. 2011 – The National September 11 Memorial & Museum in New York City opens to the public. 2015 – A series of explosions involving propane triggering nearby illegally stored mining detonators in the Indian town of Petlawad in the state of Madhya Pradesh kills at least 105 people with over 150 injured.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.12

490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies, defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty. 1185 – Emperor Andronikos I Komnenos brutally put to death in Constantinople. 1213 – Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. 1229 – Battle of Portopí: The Aragonese army under the command of James I of Aragon disembarks at Santa Ponça, Majorca, with the purpose of conquering the island. 1309 – The First Siege of Gibraltar takes place in the context of the Spanish Reconquista pitting the forces of the Kingdom of Castile against the Emirate of Granada resulting in a Castilian victory. 1609 – Henry Hudson begins his exploration of the Hudson River while aboard the Halve Maen. 1634 – A gunpowder factory explodes in Valletta, Malta, killing 22 people and damaging several buildings. 1683 – Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna: Several European armies join forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire. 1814 – Battle of North Point: an American detachment halts the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812. 1846 – Elizabeth Barrett elopes with Robert Browning. 1847 – Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins. 1848 – Switzerland approves its 1st Constitution and becomes a Federal state. 1857 – The SS Central America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush. 1885 – Arbroath 36–0 Bon Accord, a world record scoreline in professional Association football. 1890 – Salisbury, Rhodesia, is founded. 1897 – Tirah Campaign: Battle of Saragarhi. 1906 – The Newport Transporter Bridge is opened in Newport, South Wales by Viscount Tredegar. 1910 – Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter) 1915 – French soldiers rescue over 4,000 Armenian Genocide survivors stranded on Musa Dagh. 1919 – Adolf Hitler joins the German Workers' Party (later the Nazi Party). 1923 – Southern Rhodesia, today called Zimbabwe, is annexed by the United Kingdom. 1933 – Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction. 1938 – Adolf Hitler demands autonomy and self-determination for the Germans of the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. 1940 – Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France. 1940 – An explosion at the Hercules Powder Company plant in Kenvil, New Jersey kills 51 people and injures over 200. 1942 – World War II: RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs is torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sinks with a heavy loss of life. 1942 – World War II: First day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge during the Guadalcanal Campaign. U.S. Marines protecting Henderson Field on Guadalcanal are attacked by Imperial Japanese Army forces. 1943 – World War II: Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy, is rescued from house arrest on the Gran Sasso in Abruzzi, by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny. 1944 – World War II: The liberation of Serbia from Nazi Germany continues. Bajina Bašta in western Serbia is among the liberated cities. 1952 – Strange occurrences, including a monster sighting, take place in Flatwoods, West Virginia. 1953 – U.S. Senator and future President John Fitzgerald Kennedy marries Jacqueline Lee Bouvier at St. Mary's Church in Newport, Rhode Island. 1958 – Jack Kilby demonstrates the first working integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments. 1959 – The Soviet Union launches a large rocket, Lunik II, at the moon. 1959 – Bonanza premieres, the first regularly scheduled TV program presented in color. 1961 – The African and Malagasy Union is founded. 1962 – President John F. Kennedy, at a speech at Rice University, reaffirms that the U.S. will put a man on the moon by the end of the decade. 1966 – Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA's Gemini program, and the current human altitude record holder (except for the Apollo lunar missions) 1970 – Dawson's Field hijackings: Palestinian terrorists blow up three hijacked airliners in Jordan, continuing to hold the passengers hostage in various undisclosed locations in Amman. 1974 – Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, 'Messiah' of the Rastafari movement, is deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years. 1974 – Juventude Africana Amílcar Cabral is founded in Guinea-Bissau. 1977 – South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko dies in police custody. 1980 – Military coup in Turkey. 1983 – A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford, Connecticut, United States, is robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros. 1983 – The USSR vetoes a United Nations Security Council Resolution deploring the Soviet destruction of Korean Air Lines Flight 007. 1984 – Dwight Gooden sets the baseball record for strikeouts in a season by a rookie with 246, previously set by Herb Score in 1954. Gooden's 276 strikeouts that season, pitched in 218 innings, set the current record. 1988 – Hurricane Gilbert devastates Jamaica; it turns towards Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula two days later, causing an estimated $5 billion in damage. 1990 – The two German states and the Four Powers sign the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German reunification. 1992 – NASA launches Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board are Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space. 1992 – Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, is captured by Peruvian special forces; shortly thereafter the rest of Shining Path's leadership fell as well. 1994 – Frank Eugene Corder fatally crashes a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House's south lawn, striking the West wing. There were no other casualties. 2001 – Ansett Australia, Australia's first commercial interstate airline, collapses due to increased strain on the international airline industry, leaving 10,000 people unemployed. 2003 – The United Nations lifts sanctions against Libya after that country agreed to accept responsibility and recompense the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. 2003 – Iraq War: In Fallujah, U.S. forces mistakenly shoot and kill eight Iraqi police officers. 2007 – Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada is convicted of plunder. 2008 – The 2008 Chatsworth train collision in Los Angeles between a Metrolink commuter train and a Union Pacific freight train kills 25 people. 2011 – The 9/11 Memorial Museum in New York City opens to the public. 2014 – Three year old Toddler William Tyrrell disappears in Kendall, New South Wales, Australia 2015 – A series of explosions involving propane triggering nearby illegally stored mining detonators in the Indian town of Petlawad in the state of Madhya Pradesh kills at least 105 people with over 150 injured.