#like their actions and treatment of the lp are complicated

[littleprincefan]

one thing that some little prince adaptations do that i really dont like all that much is portraying the rose as an adult woman while the little prince is still a little boy

the 1974 movie did this thing where all the nonhuman characters were portrayed as humans, the biggest examples being gene wilder as the fox and bob fosse as the snake

but they also cast donna mckechnie as the rose, and for some reason in this movie they made the rose a lot more manipulative and demanding than in the book, and if you listen to Be Happy that song's lyrics are like peak guilt-tripping 😭 she literally starts the song right when she told him to leave and he's saying goodbye, and the first lines are "be happy, forget that i have no one, and nowhere to go" like idk about everyone else but this song rlly strikes the wrong chord in me

this portrayal of her rlly messes with me because the whole point is that they both didn't know how to love because they were both too young, like she had barely blossomed before he left, and even though she doesn't treat him all that well she still realises her ways, that he left because of how she treated him, and on earth the little prince makes the conscious choice to go back to his planet because he realised this, and that she was unique in the whole universe to him just how he was unique to her.

if i were to adapt this book id make the rose stay a flower, but id have her voice sound as young as his, maybe a little bit older, but i rlly like the idea of them both being young and naive, and that they both need to understand what love really means and what it means to love another before yk. being together. idk i just dont like the '74 characterisation of the rose

[all-pacas]

DIAGNOSTIC OLYMPICS, SEASON 2, EPISODES 10-18

S1: part one, part two, part three

S2: part one

Hi! I was curious about who on House (besides House) gets the most diagnoses right. Other folks have already run a tally (it's Chase), but I was curious how other factors would influence the tally — whose ideas get run with, who manages treatment, who screws up… So I thought I'd keep score.

1 point for getting the answer. This is almost always going to be House.

.5 points for Valuable Contribution — stuff that isn't the final answer, but either is thought to be the final answer or is valuable to the solving of the case. Stuff like "noticing something on the MRI" doesn't count; things like "figuring out how to treat" does.

-.5 to -1 for Mistakes — stuff that delays or prevents diagnoses, injuring or killing patients, etc.

FAILURE TO COMMUNICATE DIAGNOSES: Brain Malaria

+1 HOUSE: Honestly, should get more than one point: he solves the case by phone with no information. That’s more because this is a weird and pretty weak episode, though. +.5 CHASE: Although he was wrong in the end, he got an early win realizing the patient was on drugs, and suggesting a lumbar puncture that only later (on House’s order) was done. That’s two good ideas in a episode with very few ideas at all. +.5 CAMERON: Finally, finally realizes the patient only talks when his wife isn’t around. +0 FOREMAN: Comes up with basically no ideas, and continues to struggle with leadership. Chase and Cameron actively rebel and refuse his orders, and he doesn’t do much to prove himself. +0 TEAM: The Fellows do a pretty terrible job all episode, missing the obvious and running all over the place. But the episode also really isn’t about the case, so whatever. Honestly, wanted to give out no merits this episode at all.

NEED TO KNOW DIAGNOSES: Just so many things. But mostly a tumor.

+1 HOUSE: Another episode where the team is mostly running around chasing symptoms, House figures out the last piece of the puzzle (that the patient was on birth control) at the last second. +5 CUDDY: Her exasperated Stacy impression is, actually, very good.

DISTRACTIONS DIAGNOSES: Anti-depressant poisoning

+1 HOUSE: A not-so complicated case where the main problem was just testing the kid and getting information. House stumbled onto the correct solution, almost killed the patient anyway, and then figured it out for real. +.5 FOREMAN: Now that he’s no longer in charge, he’s suddenly doing much better, suggesting smart ideas and tending the patient. His merit is specifically for doing a very dangerous lumbar puncture successfully.

SKIN DEEP DIAGNOSES: Testicular cancer

+1 HOUSE: Cracks the case, despite the Heightened Pain and all his sleazy comments. As ever, we don’t judge on words, only actions. +1 CUDDY: Not only refuses to misgender the patient and calls House out on it, she manages to completely pull one over on him with her morphine trick. Love to see it. +0 FOREMAN: He makes a big to-do about House rushing things and being wrong due to his pain and haste, but every call House makes this episode is completely right, so probably would have been better saved for another episode. -.5 CAMERON: Early in the episode, she and Chase are told to do an LP and an MRI. The patient has a twitch, so Cameron decides not to bother with the MRI at all. Oops! Now, later in the episode Wilson also did an MRI and didn’t find anything, but at the end of the episode, House did find the cancer during a third scan. In between, the patient got a brain biopsy. Giving Cameron the demerit because if she had done the MRI in the first place, it might have been found sooner, sparing the danger of a brain biopsy.

SEX KILLS DIAGNOSES: Cheese bacteria; STDs

+1 HOUSE: Figures out patient #1 is Cheese Sick pretty quickly — literally, only about fifteen minutes into the episode. +1 TEAM: Most of the episode is spent keeping patient 1 alive and getting patient 2 healthy enough to donate her heart. She turns out to have an STD, but no one person really “solves” the case. +5 MR. NEUBURGER: The episode is intentionally full of very sympathetic characters, but I liked him. I loved how he sort of inserted himself into the case and kept following House around, I liked House being more sympathetic than usual and letting him insert himself into all the DDX’s, it’s just a weirdly cozy episode.

CLUELESS DIAGNOSES: Gold poisoning

+1 HOUSE: Lands on heavy metal toxicity early, but they can’t figure out what metal for much of the episode. He then has a second eureka moment and realizes gold. +.5 FOREMAN: Becomes convinced it’s lupus. It isn’t, but when House continues to insist on heavy metal toxicity despite test results, Foreman not only stands up to him but wins, proceeding with the lupus treatment because House can’t come up with proof that isn’t “because I say so.” Foreman was wrong, but this might be the first time any of the fellows successfully stand up to House like this and get their way.

SAFE DIAGNOSES: Tick bite

+1 FOREMAN: When the patient’s heart starts failing, House wants to come up with a fancy reason the allergy would call it, but has no ideas. Foreman, for the second episode in a row, pushes back and gets his way: to investigate the heart failure rather than start guessing. He then takes charge of the team and whiteboard as House sits quietly, and more or less runs the rest of the case. House even admits he’s right! +1 WILSON: Able to come up with an excuse to get the patient in an elevator with House on the fly. It’s always great to see his lying skills in action. +.5 HOUSE: Realizes the tick bite after he finally talks to the patient, and then is able to find it through, uh, invasive means. +.5 CAMERON: First one to guess tick paralysis, although it’s quickly shot down because at the time they’re no longer thinking allergy. +.5 CHASE: Suggests botulism, which is a long shot but becomes House’s running theory. Also figures out that the patient’s boyfriend has been sneaking in to see her, and is the one to realize they never actually talked to her. The second they do, it clears everything up. No big revelations from Chase, but three little ones makes half a merit fair.

ALL IN DIAGNOSES: Erdheim-Chester

+1 HOUSE: Goes in thinking it’s Erdheim-Chester, and it is; the test just gives a false negative. The rest of the episode is spent throwing things at the wall until he finally is able to prove it. +.5 CHASE: Despite starting the episode whining and skeptical, he gets points for his first guess once he is committed: House compliments it and calls it not just good but exactly what he did with Esther. It’s wrong, but points for a literal House-level theory.

SLEEPING DOGS LIE DIAGNOSES: Bubonic Plague

+1 HOUSE: Everyone is running around with no good guesses, and get distracted by the liver failure, but House pulls it out in the end. +0 CAMERON: While she complains and gets bogged down by the ethics of toxic lesbianism, and is certainly not winning points for bedside manner, she doesn’t let her distaste screw her up. Character development! +0 CAMERON AND FOREMAN: Foreman didn’t actually “steal” Cameron’s article, but he was a huge asshole about it all the same. They both lose points somewhere, but not here for this. +500 TOXIC LESBIANS: I think about these women every single day. This episode is simply incredible and one of the writers clearly has had some Experiences and I salute her for them

RUNNING TALLY:

HOUSE: 32 (+8.5) TEAM: 5.5 (+1) FOREMAN: 3 (+2) CHASE: 3.5 (+1.5) CAMERON: 3.5 (+.5)

Foreman is finally catching up, ironically only after he lost his temporary leadership role. I guess you could say that the experience gave him confidence — his points are mainly for standing up to House and taking charge.

[theteenagetrickster]

Why R&B Could Have a Big Year in 2020|Complicated

Is R&B topped to have a large year in 2020? While everybody is actually explaining what is actually upcoming in rap, our company should not fail to remember that R&B has been steadily climbing throughout the years. Nielsen's 2019 year-end file revealed another boost in the overall loudness of music consumption in both rap and also R&B, but beyond information as well as studies, there is actually a whole lot to be thrilled about this year. We're only a month into 2020, however musicians like SZA, the Weeknd, PARTYNEXTDOOR, and also Alicia Keys seem to be actually prepping for solo album launches. And it is actually achievable our company might observe a yield of celebrities like Rihanna and also Frank Sea, while a blossoming lesson of novices are actually aiming to leave their very own result.

Anything may take place in songs this year, yet the Complicated Popular music staff broke why R&B could possess a big 2020.

Business as well as essential success is actually trending upwards

Depending on to a 2018 year-end-report posted on music intake information internet site BuzzAngle, which provides information on R&B separate from rap, the style's song intake prices boosted by 19.7 percent in between 2016 as well as 2017. According to Wanderer, R&B made up 10.6 percent of all album intake in 2018, which improved from 8.7 per-cent the year before. The list below year, cds like Over It, the critically-acclaimed venture from Summer season Pedestrian, broke off streaming records. In its debut week, Over It earned 154.7 million streams, gaining the difference as the biggest streaming full week for an R&B album through a female musician in over three years. The record was actually prepared by Beyonce's Lemonade in 2016 with 115.2 thousand flows.

There has been actually an uptick in critical success, also. H.E.R.'s self-titled LP and Janelle Monae's Dirty Computer systemgained nominations for Cd of the Year at the 2019 Grammys, creating it the 1st opportunity 2 R&B cds made it in to that classification because Usher as well as Alicia Keys in 2005. The Recording Institute has remained to reveal passion to R&B albums this year, nominating H.E.R and Lizzo in the Album of the Year classification (although she is actually typically assembled along with stand out celebrities, Lizzo's cd, Companion I Love You, is taken into consideration due to the Institute to be actually an R&B task that integrates hip-hop, pop, funk, and also spirit). -- Jessica McKinney

The 2020 R&B training class is roaring

There is actually a stimulating plant of new performers who will deliver new electricity to R&B. Identical to what our company performed for rap artists, our team'll take a moment here to highlight some surfacing R&B artists that must be actually on your radar. Che Ecru, whose track "Before I Perish" was tried out in Chris Brown as well as Drake's "No Direction," has been actually proving that Bryson Tiller isn't the only worthwhile vocalist coming from Kentucky. Child Rose whose has actually been utilizing absorbed mixtapes to prove why her invite to the Dreamville treatments was necessary. Blessed Daye has been actually thriving as the polar reverse of fellow New Orleans superstar NBA YoungBoy with gorgeous reports like "Roll Sum Mo." Brent Faiyaz, that took the show on "Workers" as well as impressed along with Sonder Child, is proceeding his energy by losing brand new music. And also Kaash Paige are going to resume showing the globe that she's found a street through penciling low-riding smash hits like "64." The list might go on, but depend on us, there is a powerful newbie training class of R&B musicians coming in 2020. -- Kemet High

R&B's audio is expanding

R&B no more has simply one distinct audio, and as it develops, all type of brand new supporters are actually being pulled to the genre. In the mid-2010s, projects like SZA's Z, Tory Lanez' Chixtape III, PARTYNEXTDOOR's P2, Jhene Aiko's Souled Out, and Bryson Tiller's TRAPSOULhelped establish the hue for brand-new musicians who prioritized a cd's emotions over its tranquilities. Conventional R&B no more based on its very own, as a variety of sub-genres appeared that each accommodated various audiences. Quickening traits back up to 2020, surfacing performers have actually remained to observe those unconventional footprints, and therefore, R&B has more flavors now than it ever before has before. As a result of R&B's more comprehensive grasp, the genre has actually developed immensely in regards to popularity, which is actually additionally as a result of pop musicians like Normani, Justin Beiber, Khalid, and also Ariana Grande pressing the audio right into the mainstream. There is actually no more a black and white plan for just how to create R&B music. Instead, the different colors palette has actually branched out, driving the style's range to brand new heights.-- Kemet High

Mid-tier artists are bringing new electricity to the category

Back in December of 2018, Jacquees made a daring claim by naming themself the "master of R&B." That seems insane at initially, for certain, up until you take into consideration that along with many shifts in noise throughout the years, the title currently concerns no one. His sentiments, likely provoked by "B.E.D." and "You" going platinum eagle in the years just before, stimulated a well-needed chat. With former chart-runners like Trey Songz and also Chris Brown releasing their grip on crown, an entire new crop of rising stars possessed room to bet their case as brand new celebrities. Mid-tier performers like SZA, Ty Dolla $ign, Kehlani, and PARTYNEXTDOOR possess all revealed brand-new tasks falling in 2020. Meanwhile, , Ari Lennox, and Summer season Pedestrian are going to remain to take advantage of off of the drive from jewels like Going after Summer, Shea Butter, Infant, and Over It. And peaceful skins like dvsn and also 6lack are going to also be dropping brand new cds, all set to quarrel for crown. All this brand new electricity has actually brought new degrees of competitors to the genre, which has actually only aided it to develop. -- Kemet High

Top cats are anticipated to bring in a revival

We've found an expanding rate of interest in R&B thanks to developing artists and also everything else highlighted on this list, yet a number of the style's largest superstars have actually been clearly overlooking coming from the discussion. Rihanna ridiculed her followers with style and appeal releases while mostly evading concerns concerning the whereabouts of her upcoming cd (after earlier saying it will get there in 2019). Frank Sea dropped a series of singles in 2013, yet has however to state an official cd launch time. Beyoncé launched the compilation soundtrack, The Cougar Master: The Gift, however the Colony has actually been whiring for a brand-new solo cd. And musicians like Usher, Trey Songz, as well as Brandy have actually been skipping, other than a few visitor appearances everywhere. While their absences have included rising stars like Kehlani, SZA, Ari Lennox, as well as Jacquees to pursue R&B aristocracy, this could be the year we view a bunch of our favored heavy-hitters creating a return. With middle-tier artists ending up being super stars together that several of R&B's biggest actions are concerning to come back, it appears like 2020 will be actually a significant year for the category. -- Jessica McKinney

This content was originally published here.

[myrecordcollections]

Frank Zappa

Lumpy Gravy Primodial

@ 2018 RSD Release, EU Pressing.

*****

One of the top items on my list is the limited edition 12-inch 45 RPM presentation of Frank Zappa's original 1967 orchestral recordings which became the back bone of the album Lumpy Gravy, released in 1968. This particular recording has not been issued previously, seeing its first time release under the title: Lumpy Gravy Primordial. In 2008, an archival collection of recordings from the period called Lumpy Money was issued and that set included a sequence of "tracking sessions" which led to this music. Those sessions were ultimately edited by Frank Zappa into a distinct quarter-inch analog master slated for an intended release in that form.

The genesis of this album is a complicated tale. In short: originally the music now heard here on Lumpy Gravy Primordial was commissioned by Capitol Records with Zappa appearing only as the composer and conductor of an orchestra assembled just for the project. However, Zappa's then label to which he was contractually signed as a vocalist and musician --Verve Records (owned by MGM) -- would not allow this and thus he had to re-think the entire project. This ultimately led to the creation of the version of Lumpy Gravy many of us know and love today. In the interim, the so called "primordial" orchestral-only version of the album was briefly released and quickly withdrawn on a now highly collectible four-track tape cartridge (yes, four track, this was before eight-track tapes existed). 

Whatever version you listen to, this music -- and Zappa himself has stated Lumpy Gravy was his favorite album -- still sounds fresh and innovative to this day. It is effectively the starting point for Zappa's more long form, mostly instrumental / symphonic "serious" works. And, within the walls of these still quite avant-garde, John Cage-Meets-Edgar Varese-Meets-Stravinsky inspired orchestral gems are previews and hints of classic Zappa compositions to come. For example, much of the "Gum Joy" sequence here eventually saw the light of day as a pop song in the form of "Oh No" on the Weasels Ripped My Flesh album in 1970. Later melodic sequences in this segment turn up later still on the Roxy & Elsewhere Album released in 1974.  Conceptual continuity in action...

This orchestral music -- recorded in Hollywood with legendary Wrecking Crew musicians like Pete Jolly, Tommy Tedesco, Emil Richards, Shelly Manne, John Guerin, Jimmy Bond, Lyle Ritz, Chuck Berghofer and many others -- is presented as a continuous suite, with one "song" per album side (akin to how the final Lumpy Gravy album is presented; the various musical sequences are not broken out into individual "tracks").  

This new limited edition Record Store Day edition of Lumpy Gravy Primordial comes to you wrapped up in lovely burgundy colored 180-gram vinyl, perfectly pressed at Pallas in Germany. Created from Zappa's quarter-inch master tape using an all analog mastering process, the new LP sounds pretty fantastic in living Monaural sound. I half joke about the "Living Mono" concept but in fact this is one of those monaural recordings that is so rich and compelling it almost sounds three dimensional. I suspect this visual nature of how this recording sounds has something to do with the kid gloves treatment (if you will) no doubt put into its production; Lumpy Gravy Primordial received handle-with-care priority as mastered by Chris Bellman at Bernie Grundman Mastering.  

Lumpy Gravy Primordial on vinyl also looks quite fabulous. In fact, the physical disc is mastered in such a way that is appears on the final physical product, frankly, somewhat like a vintage brown shellac 78 RPM disc from the 1920s! There is a wide lead-in groove and plenty of "dead wax" before the fun picture labels. However, worry not audiophiles: unlike many noisy old 78s, this new 45 RPM high fidelity edition is dead quiet and well centered.  The new album features Zappa's original gatefold design cover art, lovingly restored (and decidedly different than the Lumpy Gravy cover).

[biologydictionary]

Treponema Pallidum

Definition

Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum is a subspecies of the Treponema genus and a microaerophilic bacterium that belongs to the spirochetal order. It is characterized by a thick phospholipid membrane and a very slow rate of metabolism, requiring approximately thirty hours to multiply; even so, T. pallidum is a difficult-to-eradicate pathogen and responsible for the sexually-transmitted disease, syphilis.

Treponema pallidum

What is Syphilis?

Syphilis is a chronic human disease and the result of either sexual transmission or transmission from mother to baby during its progression along the birth canal. Known as ‘The Great Pretender’ has a differential diagnosis is always possible, the first potentially visible sign of syphilis is the chancre, a small, round and hard ulcer or lesion found at the site of primary infection. As this site is often inside the vagina, mouth, throat or anus, a chancre is rarely detected immediately unless is it visible – on the lips or penis. Most internal primary lesions are observed at a later date during general screening activities in clinical settings. Poorer populations with low access to medical care are more likely to continue in sexual activity (and subsequent childbearing) without the benefit of diagnostics and treatment. A chancre also heals without treatment after approximately one month. This is another reason why those without immediate access to medical care may ignore a primary syphilis lesion or discontinue antibiotic therapy. However, it is very important that treatment commences at the primary phase to prevent a syphilis infection from reaching the secondary phase.

Syphilis hand rash The secondary stage of syphilis is characterized by a rough red or brownish rash usually on the soles of the feet and the palms of the hands, although the location can be elsewhere on the body. Another secondary syphilis symptom is the appearance of larger lesions in moist areas such as armpits, mouth, and groin. These lesions are known as condyloma lata. Again, if treatment is ignored, the secondary phase of syphilis will progress to a further stage. Additional worrying symptoms associated with the secondary stage include hair loss, swollen glands, headaches, and fatigue. Consultation with medical professionals is, therefore, more common during this phase.

Syphilis hand rash The next stage of syphilis development is the latent stage. It presents without symptoms and its name – latent – refers to a dormant period; however, Treponema pallidum is still present within the body and the person in question remains highly infectious when taking part in sexual activities with one or more partners. This is also possible when an infected female gives birth to a baby without a caesarian section. The latent stage can last for many years but the latent stage’s symptom-free characteristics discourage carriers to seek out medical help. Without treatment, the latent stage of syphilis eventually passes into a potentially fatal tertiary syphilis. Colonization of T. pallidum in various areas of the anatomy will cause serious damage. Diagnosis often names a tertiary stage according to the area of damage, in particular neurosyphilis, cardiovascular syphilis, and ocular syphilis. Other areas of damage are the liver, bones, and joints. Lesions and open sores progress over the body. It is because of this tertiary stage that the disease was given its name as ‘The Great Pretender’; multiple diagnoses exist for the symptoms also produced by a T. pallidum infection of the tertiary stage. Upon initial contact with this spirochete, infected humans develop specific immune responses that do not have the capacity to wipe out large populations of treponemes from syphilis sites. Usually, T-cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity responses involve the infiltration of T-cells into Treponema inoculation sites and activate macrophages to remove these treponemes via phagocytosis. However, T. pallidum bacteria can avoid this hypersensitivity response thanks to a number of factors.

Treponema Pallidum Immunity Factors

Treponema pallidum immunity factors are a complicated affair that has made it very difficult to develop a vaccine. A lack of knowledge pertaining to the occurrence of multiple reinfections in humans, even after a strong immune response during the first infection, means a cure has not yet been found. Recent research into the protective mechanisms of these so-called stealth pathogens is, however, a hot topic; new discoveries are regularly published in scientific journals. T. pallidum transmits syphilis through vaginal, anogenital, and orogenital contact. This bacterium has an extremely small genome and lacks genes that encode the classic virulence factors of more aggressive and resistant bacteria. This means that treatment with penicillin is very effective. However, current ideology regarding an antibiotic-resistance crisis, the increasing number of allergic reactions to penicillin in the human population, and the rapid reappearance of syphilis around the globe cause concern.

How antibiotic resistance happens Studying Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum is made more difficult through the susceptibility of these bacteria to in-vitro settings; it is very hard to reproduce colonies in a laboratory. A more recent understanding of T. pallidum subsp. pallidum metabolism is now enabling some researchers to succeed where others have failed. The combination of small genome, very slow metabolism and thick phospholipid membrane makes this spirochete a power-packed disease carrier in an extremely basic package that has been grouped into a small group of difficult to immunologically recognize and remove microorganisms known as stealth pathogens. Treponema can survive quietly in the human body for years and at the same time remain highly infectious. Treponema Pallidum: Stealth Pathogen IgG Treponema pallidum protection in the form of immunoglobulin G antibodies – the most common type of antibody in human blood and other extracellular fluids - is a later response to infiltration by a foreign organism or material than IgM (immunoglobulin M antibodies). In the case of T. pallidum subsp. pallidum, primary infection of a previously non-infected human occurs during sexual activity or natural birth. T. pallidum bacteria pass from an infected person into a new human host and slowly multiply. In order to understand T. pallidum’s identification as a ‘stealth pathogen’, it is first important to understand the mechanisms involved in its recognition as a hostile protein and the body’s inefficiency in removing it. The Treponema Reduced Immune Response A protein foreign to the body is referred to as an antigen. The majority of bacteria, viruses and other pathogens produce antigens on their surface membranes which are usually instantly recognized as foreign. In the case of T. pallidum, the thick phospholipid membrane holds the majority of these antigens hidden under its surface. Furthermore, the membrane lacks lipopolysaccharide (LPS) glycolipids. LPS’s cause inflammatory Gram-negative bacteria reactions that either alert the immune system to act or cause symptoms that bring the infected person to request medical help. This combination of features means that Treponema pallidum enters the body without attracting much attention and, even though it multiplies slowly, is given the time to disseminate (spread) with little resistance. The chancre is, therefore, a sign that the innate mechanism of active immunity has detected a foreign presence and proceeded to attack it. Macrophages that recognize the few Treponema surface proteins as hostile begin to remove them via phagocytosis (see below). As foreign bacteria are broken down, large amounts of inflammatory cytokines are produced. The result of this initial inflammatory reaction is the chancre. This initial response is quite late and the body is by now the host of T. pallidum spirochete colonies.

Innate immunity - phagocytosis Macrophages show the results of their work to B lymphocytes or plasma B cells that begin the process of somatic hypermutation in the adaptive (or humoral) immune system - a process that allows the B cell to set up a code for a new antibody. This code is featured on the antigen as a Treponema pallidum-specific binding site (Antigen Binding Site or ABS). Immunoglobulin M is one of the first-produced antibody types; immunoglobulin G is the most commonly formed. The new antibodies circulate and recognize the coded T. pallidum bacteria surface proteins wherever these are visible and set to work destroying the bacteria. How effective this action is may have an effect upon the length of the latent stage of syphilis and the appearance and severity of tertiary symptoms.

Adaptive or humoral immunity More recent data, however, complicates this later recognition process. Forms of T. pallidum are heterogeneous, meaning diverse types exist within a single subspecies. For bacteria with one of the smallest genomes known to man, this is no small feat. While one form of the hostile bacteria will bind with the antigens produced by the adaptive immune system, another form will not. Additionally, the antigen-to-antibody binding process is significantly slow, almost keeping the immune system distracted and leaving non-binding versions to multiply and spread. The inflammation resulting from the destruction of binding T. pallidum causes secondary symptoms such as palm and sole rash and condyloma lata. The energy required to keep populations of spirochetes under control leads to fatigue. The theory that spirochetes may colonize hair follicles may be pertinent to hair loss in secondary syphilis. Treponema Pallidum and IgM Treponema pallidum IgM response at initial infection is, as has already been described, slow and hindered through a difficult to recognize bacterial membrane. This means that IgG responses very quickly follow that of IgM; testing solely for IgM antibodies as a method of detecting early Treponema infection is of little diagnostic value. Instead, blood serum testing for syphilis by way of an antibody test is carried out with Total Antibodies (IgG and IgM) testing.

Testing Treponema Pallidum Antibodies

To test Treponema pallidum antibodies, all that is needed is a few milliliters of blood collected in a tube that separates blood serum from the cell mass. The antibody test known as Syphilis Total Antibodies has relatively recently taken over the pole position of an older test known as RPR or Rapid Plasma Reagin. Previously, RPR was advised as an initial test to determine the presence of cardiolipin, cholesterol, and lecithin in blood plasma. These are non-specific antibodies produced when a body is fighting certain sorts of bacterial or viral infection via adaptive immunity. A doctor would, therefore, have to first observe syphilis symptoms or consider a person at risk of syphilis before justifying such a generic test. Only if the result of an RPR came back positive in an at-risk patient or one showing symptoms would a Syphilis Total Antibodies (STA) test be requested. The table has since been turned. The first test is now the Syphilis Total Antibodies (STA) test. If this comes back negative, there is little need for the RPR. If the physician is not convinced or if more results are requested, the RPR can provide further proof of antibody activity. If there is a discrepancy between STA and RPR results, a further test called T. pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) will confirm a positive or negative result.

First STA, then RPR

Quiz

1. In which order would you carry out the following tests? A. RPR, TPPA, STA B. IgM, IgG, RPR C. ABS, RPR, STA D. STA, RPR, TPPA 2. Which of the following is not a symptom of secondary syphilis? A. Rash on palms and soles B. Chancre C. Condyloma lata D. Fatigue 3. Which of the following products found on Gram-negative membranes cause inflammatory reactions? A. T-cells B. ABS C. LPS D. IgM Read the full article

[jakehglover]

Siberian Ginseng Benefits

By Dr. Mercola

Siberian ginseng may be the common term for the versatile root recognized in ancient Eastern cultures as a powerful medicinal, but the botanical term, or at least part of it, is eleuthero. The entire scientific designation is Eleutherococcus senticosus, and it’s been used for thousands of years for overall longevity, endurance and to boost immunity.

These and a multitude of other benefits have made the odd-looking root a very expensive commodity all over the world. It’s right behind gingko as the most popular herbal supplement, but it’s often confused with other roots with “ginseng” on the label.

It doesn’t help that other monikers for it around the world include Russian ginseng, devil’s shrub, touch-me-not, wild pepper and shigoka. A thorny shrub that can reach 10 feet in height, Siberian ginseng bears yellow or violet flowers that develop in umbrella-shaped clusters and, later, round black berries. But it’s the wrinkly, twisted root that gets all the attention. Its active ingredients are phytochemicals known as polysaccharides.

For centuries, healers from Russia, where it originated, to Asia and other Eastern countries and beyond have used it extensively to remedy colds and flu. One of the most effective aspects of Siberian ginseng is that it’s an adaptogen, which means your body is better able to adapt to stressors, whether physical, mental or emotional. Multiple studies on E. senticosus indicate the root is good for a number of diseases and disorders, often rivaling the drugs and medications prescribed by doctors.

Research on Siberian Ginseng: E. Senticosus

While saying scientists aren’t sure how it works, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)1 states that compounds from Siberian ginseng stimulate immune cells and protect the nervous system. It also notes, “Siberian ginseng extract was shown to moderately inhibit breast cancer resistance.”2

The MSKCC website either asserts that claims Siberian ginseng can increase strength and stamina and reduce side effects of chemotherapy are unsubstantiated scientifically, or that “more research is needed.” Patented drugs with ginseng components, however, were given much more credence. Acknowledgment of plant chemicals with active ingredients note:

“In vitro studies indicate that eleuthero contains chemicals that bind to estrogen, progestin, mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors. In macrophages, a Siberian ginseng extract suppressed LPS-induced iNOS expression and thus nitric oxide production by possibly inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B activity or Akt and JNK signaling, and inhibited reactive oxygen species production.

Eleutheroside B, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin — active constituents of Siberian ginseng — showed protective effects against Aβ(25-35)-induced atrophies of axons and dendrites in rat cultured cortical neurons. Isofraxidin also inhibited cell invasion and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 by human hepatoma cell lines HuH-7 and Hep G-2, possibly through the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation.”3

In a 2004 randomized double-blind study,4 20 elderly hypertensive participants undergoing digitalis treatment who reported feeling weak and tired with no energy were given either Siberian ginseng or a placebo. At the end of the four-week study, the subjects were tested and found to have higher scores in social functioning and mental health, noticeable after four weeks of therapy and none noted “adverse events” in any of the patients.

Seventy percent of the patients on ginseng supplementation said they received “active therapy” compared to 20 percent in the placebo group. The same study noted that the definition of “adaptogen” was first referenced in the late 1950s. Subsequent research noted pharmacological results in cell cultures, animal and human subjects, listing improvements in several areas in regard to:

Antioxidant activity

Anticancer action

Immune system stimulation

Lowered insulin levels

Radioprotection

Decreased inflammation

Fever reducing

Antibacterial activity

Studies Reveal Siberian Ginseng Health Benefits

The effect involves the adrenal glands and supports their function, along with stress hormones such as cortisol.5 Bulletproof lists a number of studies that have explored different ways Siberian ginseng helps, treats and prevents illnesses and conditions in several ways:

It produced an immune-boosting effect both in cancer patients and healthy controls, according to one study, resulting in “nonspecific resistance and immunologic vigor in the course of cytostatic and radiation treatment for breast cancer.”6

According to Europe PMC, ginseng showed potential for maintaining healthy T4 lymphocytes, which are the specific immune cells that weaken in patients with HIV and AIDS.7

Neuroprotective aspects were improved via hippocampal and microglial cell signaling;8 one example is its effectiveness in preventing the slow and sometimes lost motor function associated with Parkinson’s.9

Antiviral capability of ginseng was measured and found to inhibit the replication of “all RNA viruses studies thus far,” which included human rhinovirus (HRV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A virus in cell cultures.10

Siberian ginseng may also have antidepressive effects11 and may also help with insomnia and alleviate behavioral and memory problems, according to an animal study.12

One study showed that Siberian ginseng improved endurance, initiated through improved oxygen utilization.13 Further, it may protect DNA14 and enhance cardiovascular function,15 and bacterial cultures treated with ginseng compounds were resistant to radiation16 and even protected study subjects from ionizing radiation exposure. Research also strongly suggests that Siberian ginseng has a positive and significant effect on several types of cancer cell cultures, including breast,17 stomach,18 lung and colon cancers.19

History and Ginseng Types: Siberian, Korean and American

Incidentally, there’s something known as Korean ginseng or Asian ginseng, which also contains healing properties, but it presents a perfect example of the phrase “the word is not the thing.” In other words, just because it has the word ginseng in its name doesn’t mean it’s synonymous with Siberian ginseng (which is not considered a “true” ginseng”). SFGate notes:

“Korean ginseng and Siberian ginseng, despite both being called ginseng, are not from the same family. Siberian ginseng does not belong to the Panax family, so it is not considered a “true” ginseng … Siberian ginseng contains polysaccharides which are associated with lower blood sugar levels, and eleutherosides are its active ingredient.

They are also both associated with increased mental ability and concentration, greater alertness and higher stamina levels. Both are also associated with potentially helping lower triglyceride and blood pressure levels, and may be helpful in treating and avoiding cardiovascular complications.”20

There’s also American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), an endangered, wild-growing, shade-loving and widely poached root. While Korean or Asian ginseng is known in Chinese medicine as a “hot” or mild stimulant, the American variety is “cool” or calming, useful for enhancing memory, mood and possibly lowering blood sugar levels.21

All have ginsenosides, but in varying levels, Smithsonian.com22 says. The American type found in moist patches of Appalachian Mountain regions was used by Native Americans and even propagated by the Cherokee tribe as a medicinal. Samples and then boatloads of the roots were shipped from North Carolina, Minnesota, Wisconsin and Canada to Chinese markets as early as the early 1700s.

Precautions Regarding Siberian Ginseng

While adaptogens such as Siberian ginseng are generally fine for most people, don’t typically cause allergic reactions and can be taken for extended periods of time, caution is advised with both Siberian and Korean ginseng. If you’re on medication, keep in mind they can interfere with a number of them, including immune system suppressants, blood thinners, heart medications and any types of sedatives or stimulants.23

Precautions should be taken due to a number of potential side effects, including accelerated heartbeat, insomnia, mood swings, sudden changes in blood pressure and feeling dizzy and/or jittery. Anyone with sleep apnea, narcolepsy, heart disease, mental illness such as mania or schizophrenia, autoimmune diseases such as Crohn’s disease or rheumatoid arthritis should also pass it up.24

Importantly, children should not be given ginseng. The University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) notes that women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, as well as those with estrogen-sensitive breast cancer, should avoid ginseng as it can have an estrogen-like effect;25 women with a history of uterine fibroids may also be vulnerable.26

It’s imperative that you check your sources when buying ginseng, whether it’s in supplement or root form, as one lab reported that only nine of 22 samples met quality and purity criteria. At the same time, harvesting methods, handling techniques and high-heat processing can damage the therapeutic compounds. Livestrong notes:

“Supplements are available in liquid and solid extracts, powders, capsules, tablets and tea form. Up to 25 percent of Siberian ginseng supplements sold in the United States do not contain the herb, and it can pose side effects. For these reasons, pharmacist and doctor guidance is recommended.”27

Remember That Not All Ginseng Is Created Equal

Ginseng has become one of the most popular additives in multivitamins, energy drinks, teas, chewing gum and snacks, claiming to impart all manner of benefits. But it should be noted that most Americans aren’t aware there’s any difference between the ginseng varieties, which are so intermingled in advertising their advantages that governmental agencies have stepped in. For instance, Smithsonian.com observes:

“‘What is most striking about ginseng is the amount of misinformation in ads and on packages,’ says nutritionist David Schardt at the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI). ‘Panax ginseng, the most commonly available type, does not boost energy levels, mood, or memory and doesn’t reduce stress.’

After reviewing studies over the past two decades, the CSPI asked the Food and Drug Administration three years ago to halt phony claims. During the past two years, the FDA has sent letters to about half a dozen manufacturers, ordering them to limit product health claims due to the lack of evidence to support them.”28

For arguably any disease, prevention is a wonderful thing, but don’t take advantage of Siberian ginseng by assuming that the compounds that stimulate your immune response can make up for living irresponsibly. Bulletproof notes:

“Adaptogens are worth exploring, but don’t use them to make up for a crappy diet and lifestyle. Making sure to eat good food, get outside and sleep well, and generally take care of yourself will do more for your stress, energy, and longevity than any one herb will do. Pay attention to adaptogens and key supplements, but don’t forget the basics.”29

from HealthyLife via Jake Glover on Inoreader https://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2018/03/19/siberian-ginseng-benefits.aspx

[sherristockman]

Siberian Ginseng Benefits Dr. Mercola By Dr. Mercola Siberian ginseng may be the common term for the versatile root recognized in ancient Eastern cultures as a powerful medicinal, but the botanical term, or at least part of it, is eleuthero. The entire scientific designation is Eleutherococcus senticosus, and it’s been used for thousands of years for overall longevity, endurance and to boost immunity. These and a multitude of other benefits have made the odd-looking root a very expensive commodity all over the world. It’s right behind gingko as the most popular herbal supplement, but it’s often confused with other roots with “ginseng” on the label. It doesn’t help that other monikers for it around the world include Russian ginseng, devil’s shrub, touch-me-not, wild pepper and shigoka. A thorny shrub that can reach 10 feet in height, Siberian ginseng bears yellow or violet flowers that develop in umbrella-shaped clusters and, later, round black berries. But it’s the wrinkly, twisted root that gets all the attention. Its active ingredients are phytochemicals known as polysaccharides. For centuries, healers from Russia, where it originated, to Asia and other Eastern countries and beyond have used it extensively to remedy colds and flu. One of the most effective aspects of Siberian ginseng is that it’s an adaptogen, which means your body is better able to adapt to stressors, whether physical, mental or emotional. Multiple studies on E. senticosus indicate the root is good for a number of diseases and disorders, often rivaling the drugs and medications prescribed by doctors. Research on Siberian Ginseng: E. Senticosus While saying scientists aren’t sure how it works, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)1 states that compounds from Siberian ginseng stimulate immune cells and protect the nervous system. It also notes, “Siberian ginseng extract was shown to moderately inhibit breast cancer resistance.”2 The MSKCC website either asserts that claims Siberian ginseng can increase strength and stamina and reduce side effects of chemotherapy are unsubstantiated scientifically, or that “more research is needed.” Patented drugs with ginseng components, however, were given much more credence. Acknowledgment of plant chemicals with active ingredients note: “In vitro studies indicate that eleuthero contains chemicals that bind to estrogen, progestin, mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors. In macrophages, a Siberian ginseng extract suppressed LPS-induced iNOS expression and thus nitric oxide production by possibly inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B activity or Akt and JNK signaling, and inhibited reactive oxygen species production. Eleutheroside B, eleutheroside E and isofraxidin — active constituents of Siberian ginseng — showed protective effects against Aβ(25-35)-induced atrophies of axons and dendrites in rat cultured cortical neurons. Isofraxidin also inhibited cell invasion and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 by human hepatoma cell lines HuH-7 and Hep G-2, possibly through the inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation.”3 In a 2004 randomized double-blind study,4 20 elderly hypertensive participants undergoing digitalis treatment who reported feeling weak and tired with no energy were given either Siberian ginseng or a placebo. At the end of the four-week study, the subjects were tested and found to have higher scores in social functioning and mental health, noticeable after four weeks of therapy and none noted “adverse events” in any of the patients. Seventy percent of the patients on ginseng supplementation said they received “active therapy” compared to 20 percent in the placebo group. The same study noted that the definition of “adaptogen” was first referenced in the late 1950s. Subsequent research noted pharmacological results in cell cultures, animal and human subjects, listing improvements in several areas in regard to: Antioxidant activity Anticancer action Immune system stimulation Lowered insulin levels Radioprotection Decreased inflammation Fever reducing Antibacterial activity Studies Reveal Siberian Ginseng Health Benefits The effect involves the adrenal glands and supports their function, along with stress hormones such as cortisol.5 Bulletproof lists a number of studies that have explored different ways Siberian ginseng helps, treats and prevents illnesses and conditions in several ways: It produced an immune-boosting effect both in cancer patients and healthy controls, according to one study, resulting in “nonspecific resistance and immunologic vigor in the course of cytostatic and radiation treatment for breast cancer.”6 According to Europe PMC, ginseng showed potential for maintaining healthy T4 lymphocytes, which are the specific immune cells that weaken in patients with HIV and AIDS.7 Neuroprotective aspects were improved via hippocampal and microglial cell signaling;8 one example is its effectiveness in preventing the slow and sometimes lost motor function associated with Parkinson’s.9 Antiviral capability of ginseng was measured and found to inhibit the replication of “all RNA viruses studies thus far,” which included human rhinovirus (HRV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A virus in cell cultures.10 Siberian ginseng may also have antidepressive effects11 and may also help with insomnia and alleviate behavioral and memory problems, according to an animal study.12 One study showed that Siberian ginseng improved endurance, initiated through improved oxygen utilization.13 Further, it may protect DNA14 and enhance cardiovascular function,15 and bacterial cultures treated with ginseng compounds were resistant to radiation16 and even protected study subjects from ionizing radiation exposure. Research also strongly suggests that Siberian ginseng has a positive and significant effect on several types of cancer cell cultures, including breast,17 stomach,18 lung and colon cancers.19 History and Ginseng Types: Siberian, Korean and American Incidentally, there’s something known as Korean ginseng or Asian ginseng, which also contains healing properties, but it presents a perfect example of the phrase “the word is not the thing.” In other words, just because it has the word ginseng in its name doesn’t mean it’s synonymous with Siberian ginseng (which is not considered a “true” ginseng”). SFGate notes: “Korean ginseng and Siberian ginseng, despite both being called ginseng, are not from the same family. Siberian ginseng does not belong to the Panax family, so it is not considered a “true” ginseng … Siberian ginseng contains polysaccharides which are associated with lower blood sugar levels, and eleutherosides are its active ingredient. They are also both associated with increased mental ability and concentration, greater alertness and higher stamina levels. Both are also associated with potentially helping lower triglyceride and blood pressure levels, and may be helpful in treating and avoiding cardiovascular complications.”20 There’s also American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), an endangered, wild-growing, shade-loving and widely poached root. While Korean or Asian ginseng is known in Chinese medicine as a “hot” or mild stimulant, the American variety is “cool” or calming, useful for enhancing memory, mood and possibly lowering blood sugar levels.21 All have ginsenosides, but in varying levels, Smithsonian.com22 says. The American type found in moist patches of Appalachian Mountain regions was used by Native Americans and even propagated by the Cherokee tribe as a medicinal. Samples and then boatloads of the roots were shipped from North Carolina, Minnesota, Wisconsin and Canada to Chinese markets as early as the early 1700s. Precautions Regarding Siberian Ginseng While adaptogens such as Siberian ginseng are generally fine for most people, don’t typically cause allergic reactions and can be taken for extended periods of time, caution is advised with both Siberian and Korean ginseng. If you’re on medication, keep in mind they can interfere with a number of them, including immune system suppressants, blood thinners, heart medications and any types of sedatives or stimulants.23 Precautions should be taken due to a number of potential side effects, including accelerated heartbeat, insomnia, mood swings, sudden changes in blood pressure and feeling dizzy and/or jittery. Anyone with sleep apnea, narcolepsy, heart disease, mental illness such as mania or schizophrenia, autoimmune diseases such as Crohn’s disease or rheumatoid arthritis should also pass it up.24 Importantly, children should not be given ginseng. The University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) notes that women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, as well as those with estrogen-sensitive breast cancer, should avoid ginseng as it can have an estrogen-like effect;25 women with a history of uterine fibroids may also be vulnerable.26 It’s imperative that you check your sources when buying ginseng, whether it’s in supplement or root form, as one lab reported that only nine of 22 samples met quality and purity criteria. At the same time, harvesting methods, handling techniques and high-heat processing can damage the therapeutic compounds. Livestrong notes: “Supplements are available in liquid and solid extracts, powders, capsules, tablets and tea form. Up to 25 percent of Siberian ginseng supplements sold in the United States do not contain the herb, and it can pose side effects. For these reasons, pharmacist and doctor guidance is recommended.”27 Remember That Not All Ginseng Is Created Equal Ginseng has become one of the most popular additives in multivitamins, energy drinks, teas, chewing gum and snacks, claiming to impart all manner of benefits. But it should be noted that most Americans aren’t aware there’s any difference between the ginseng varieties, which are so intermingled in advertising their advantages that governmental agencies have stepped in. For instance, Smithsonian.com observes: “‘What is most striking about ginseng is the amount of misinformation in ads and on packages,’ says nutritionist David Schardt at the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI). ‘Panax ginseng, the most commonly available type, does not boost energy levels, mood, or memory and doesn’t reduce stress.’ After reviewing studies over the past two decades, the CSPI asked the Food and Drug Administration three years ago to halt phony claims. During the past two years, the FDA has sent letters to about half a dozen manufacturers, ordering them to limit product health claims due to the lack of evidence to support them.”28 For arguably any disease, prevention is a wonderful thing, but don’t take advantage of Siberian ginseng by assuming that the compounds that stimulate your immune response can make up for living irresponsibly. Bulletproof notes: “Adaptogens are worth exploring, but don’t use them to make up for a crappy diet and lifestyle. Making sure to eat good food, get outside and sleep well, and generally take care of yourself will do more for your stress, energy, and longevity than any one herb will do. Pay attention to adaptogens and key supplements, but don’t forget the basics.”29

[cleancutpage]

Impact of the New Tax Law on Commercial Real Estate

This post originally appeared on tBL member Michael Kushner's blog Omni Realty Group and is republished with permission. Find out how to syndicate your content with theBrokerList.

The federal tax overhaul, which was enacted into law on December 22, 2017, was the most drastic tax law changes that the United States has seen in 30 years. While it will take some time to fully understand how much tax savings the changes could generate for commercial real estate investors, there are several significant impacts that are quite apparent.

New tax climate favors commercial real estate investors

Legal and tax experts agree that the new tax law bestows several benefits that make it more appealing for commercial real estate investors to buy properties. Many of the changes will put more money back into the pocket of investors in terms of tax savings. Some of the changes, particularly the tax treatment of capital expenditures, will shield a tremendous amount of income for property owners that are making capital investments and improvements to their properties. And let’s not overlook the ripple effect the new tax bill may create, such as fueling economic and job growth that will drive demand for commercial real estate. All things considered, real estate has become just about the most accessible way for high net-worth investors to profit from the tax law.

A shift in capital should increase demand for commercial properties

The tax new law creates an incentive for investors to shift capital from equities to pass-through businesses. Essentially, the law enables a taxpayer to factor 2.5 percent of the original purchase price of a property into the calculation of the 20 percent deduction for pass-through income. This allows a real estate investor the ability to reduce real estate investments to an effective 29.6 percent tax rate, which is 10 points lower than it was in 2017. Without the predicted shift in capital based on the tax new law, commercial real estate prices likely would have stalled in 2018, due to increasing interest rates and decreasing cap rates. It’s important to note that the deduction is set to expire in December 2025.

Expansion of Section 179 allows commercial property owners to direct expense improvements

Another positive for commercial real estate investors is the expansion of the Section 179 deduction for depreciation. Under the Section 179 revision, the new tax law lets commercial property owners count the cost of improvements (i.e. roofs, HVAC systems and security systems) as direct expenses in the year these items were installed. Under the previous tax law, improvements had to be capitalized with a small piece being expensed each year until the full cost was exhausted. Additionally, the Section 179 change is retroactive to the 2017 tax year, which is unlike other parts of the new law.

Tax-free 1031 swaps for real estate were retained

Another piece of the tax law that should have commercial real estate investors excited is the retention of tax-free 1031 swaps for real estate. The real victory here is that lawmakers did not yank 1031-exchanges for real estate, as they did for aircraft and other types of personal property. In fact, under the new law 1031 trades are now restricted exclusively to real estate.

Insights from a tax adviser

The new tax law creates some gray areas and leaves many questions unanswered, particularly as it relates to commercial real estate. As a commercial real estate investor, the best thing you can do is consult a tax adviser before making any drastic changes to your real estate investment strategies. At Omni Realty Group, we had a few questions of our own so we asked Jim Holland, accountant and owner of Jim Holland CPA to weigh in with his insight. Here is what he shared.

“There is no doubt the biggest winner in the real estate arena was for commercial real estate investors; however, it is wise to proceed with caution. I would recommend to any commercial real estate investor that they tread lightly until more is known about calculating the 20% reduction of business income, including from flow through entities. The calculation can be complicated and burdensome.”

That’s not to say there are some immediate actions CRE investors might consider taking in 2018 to put themselves in the best possible position to maximize the benefits of the new tax law. Clifton Guise, Tax Attorney and Partner at Halbruner, Hatch & Guise, LLP shares the following.

“Because most real estate investors own and operate their real estate activities through pass-through entities (LLCs, LPs, and S-Corps) or sole proprietorships, it is important to determine if the investor qualifies for the Qualified Business Income (“QBI”) Deduction. The QBI Deduction is an individual level deduction that can reduce the tax rate on income from pass-through entities. An investor may need to restructure their entity or in some cases restructure their leases in order to qualify for the QBI Deduction.”

Taking the time to fully understand the new tax law, and identifying how you may need to restructure your leases or business model to maximize your benefits under this law is a worthy investment of your time. If you are a commercial real estate investor, make it a goal to seek advice on the new tax law and how it stands to impact your business going forward.

Share your opinion! What do you think is the most important impact the new tax law will have on commercial real estate?

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