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jw1734-blog · 6 years ago

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Blog One: Redlining

There is a clear racial divide in the majority of communities in this country, and I would like to examine the reasons behind this. The racial divide that still exists today was caused by redlining, the refusal of lenders to make mortgage loans in certain areas regardless of the creditworthiness of the individual loan applicant (Holmes, Horvitz 81). The Federal Housing Administration was created in the early 1930s, and this sparked the long history of redlining. Minority neighborhoods were targeted and marked as red. This made it very hard to get a mortgage loan in such neighborhoods. On top of this, when minorities began moving into white neighborhoods, the ratings went down. Until 1968, redlining was allowed. The socioeconomic implications though, are still alive and well today. Minority communities are at a big disadvantage, due to their houses being worth less. In turn, their net worth also decreases.

This may not come as a surprise to some, but as I stated earlier, our government allowed redlining to be an official policy in the housing industry. Red areas, which was the lowest possible rating, were listed as ““detrimental influences in a pronounced degree, undesirable population or infiltration of it” or “hazardous” (HOLC). In these areas with undesirable population, the FHA deemed “no insurance available” or some received “enhanced rates and terms” (Greer, 213).

Every race was affected by redlining, but it is clear that the black community was hurt the most by this practice. In the documentary “The House We Live in” we saw an example of banks fostering racial division in communities. On Eight Mile Road in Detroit, a few members of a white community were told they could not receive a loan. The reason behind this was that they were too near a black neighborhood. To solve this issue, the white residents built a wall to literally form a racial divide with them and their neighbors. This story goes to show that banks really did not care about actual qualifications to receive a loan. They were only concerned with the race of those trying to apply for one. Once the wall was built, the all white neighborhood was a more secure investment. Some people in this country just seem to have an affinity for throwing up walls to solve problems that don’t even exist in the first place.

Wealth is often spread out across generations, and the value of one’s home contributes to what you’re able to pass on. The majority white communities known as the suburbs have houses that are worth much more than minority communities, who’s home values were automatically decreased just because they were minorities. White families who were able to acquire more wealth can pass it down in the form of college, while minority families with lower net worth were not afforded the same privileges. As we know, education is critical for social mobility, the this is a vicious cycle that is hard to break. In the year 2016, the race with the highest percentage of homeowners is white, at 71 percent. Looking back on redlining, we can conclude that our government played a vital role in cultivating the socioeconomic divide that we still see among races today.

Sources:

Andrew Holmes, author and author Paul Horvitz. "Mortgage Redlining: Race, Risk, and Demand." The Journal of Finance, no. 1, 1994, p. 81. EBSCOhost, doi:10.2307/2329136.

Greer James L., author. "Historic Home Mortgage Redlining in Chicago." Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1998-), no. 2, 2014, pgs. 204-233. EBSCOhost, doi:10.5406/jillistathistsoc.107.2.0204.

“The House We Live In: Race—The Power of an Illusion.” Films Media Group, 2003, fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=104024&xtid=49736.

“Homeownership Rates by Race and Ethnicity of Householder.” US Census Bureau, 2016, www.census.gov/housing/hvs/files/currenthvspress.pdf.

Smith, Lindsey, et al. “Data Analysis: ‘Modern-Day Redlining’ Happening in Detroit and Lansing.” RSS, Michigan Radio, 15 Feb. 2018, www.michiganradio.org/post/data-analysis-modern-day-redlining-happening-detroit-and-lansing.

Blog Two: Inequality in Women’s Soccer

Gender inequality is pervasive at every level of society in the United States. Recently, the United States womens’ national soccer team has been leading a fight to receive equal wages, the same as their male counterparts. You may be thinking that men’s soccer is more popular, and generates more revenue. Therefore, the men should earn more money. This is entirely false. Yes, on a global level men’s soccer does generate more revenue, but the story is different when you compare the mens’ and womens’ national teams in the United States. In fact, after their World Cup victory in 2015, “The United States women’s national team earned more money than the men’s national team last year.” (Das 2016) Projections also show that “it will do so again in the next fiscal year.” (Das 2016) Based on these statistics, the women don’t deserve equal pay, they actually deserve more. Despite this, the the women earn “37 cents to every dollar the men earn.” (Block 2016)

When you look at the facts, the wage gap in soccer in the United States is absurd. Concrete evidence shows that the women should actually be paid more, yet the gap is even worse than the disparity encompassing all women in this country. Now, how is it that this gap is still in place even though all of these statistics have been published? This question can be answered simply in two words: male privilege. Soccer in the United States is essentially a microcosm for gender inequality. We have clear evidence that the women should be getting paid even more than the men, yet to this day, their compensation is still unequal. On a larger level, women in this country are earning less than men for doing equal work.

Since the pay gap in soccer is even worse than the national pay gap, even though the women’s team generates more revenue, it may seem like a futile inequality to fight against. However, there is a more positive side to all of this. While they are still receiving less pay, the players believe that they have made a positive impact. We are beginning to see that “other female athletes around the world have started finding their voices, too.” (Das 2018) The women’s soccer team in Norway launched a protest for equal wages, and they actually won. Obviously there is still a long way to go for the women representing us in soccer, and the same can be said for the United States as a whole. That being said, it seems like the United States Womens’ National Team is making some positive strides in the fight for gender equality. Christen Press, an American player, stated “You want to think that they’re inspired by us, we’re inspired by them, and that makes us all more powerful,” speaking about other female athletes around the world. This goes to show that unity can go a long way, and eventually we can hope that some positive change will occur.

Sources:

Block, Justin. “U.S. Women's Soccer Doesn't Deserve Equal Pay - They Deserve More.” The Huffington Post, TheHuffingtonPost.com, 29 Dec. 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/united-states-womens-soccer-equal-pay_us_56fd37e3e4b0daf53aeee5d7.

Das, Andrew. “In Fight for Equality, U.S. Women's Soccer Team Leads the Way.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 5 Mar. 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/03/04/sports/soccer/us-womens-soccer-equality.html.

Das, Andrew. “Pay Disparity in U.S. Soccer? .” The New York Times, The New York Times, 19 Jan. 2018, www.nytimes.com/2016/04/22/sports/soccer/usmnt-uswnt-soccer-equal-pay.html.

Blog Three: The War on Drugs

The term war on drugs came about in the 1970s when Richard Nixon declared them “public enemy number one.” (“War on Drugs”) However, Nixon didn’t really want to wage war against drug abuse. He had a more specific target in mind, and it was black people. John Ehrlichman, the domestic policy chief for Nixon, stated that “We knew we couldn’t make it illegal to be either against the war or black people.” (“War on Drugs”) Nixon’s two main oppositions were those against the Vietnam War and the black community. Essentially, Nixon spent billions of dollars to fight a war on drugs, with the sole purpose of mass incarceration towards African Americans. To this day, “African Americans are incarcerated at more than 5 times the rate of whites.” (NAACP 2018) The adverse effects of this war on drugs is still seen today, through deteriorated and poor urban communities. The wealth gap among races in this country cannot be ignored. As we know, wealth is often passed from generation to generation. Being arrested for a drug related crime is not exactly a great way to climb up the economic ladder. In other words, generations of African American families will have to deal with the negative outcomes of this war on drugs. Many people act as if white privilege does not exist, but for decades our government has been fostering it by targeting black people and putting them behind bars.

Today, the war drugs has shifted towards a more nurturing and supportive strategy. Why is this the case? Opioid use has spread into suburban communities like wildfire, and it is having a big effect on white and middle class children. To recap, in the 1970s and 1980s our government began throwing African Americans in jail for drug use. In recent years, our government has taken a more relaxed stance on the issue because it is beginning to affect white people more than it ever has. Looking back on the way it was handled, it seems that our government’s actions have really backfired. Drug abuse is not exclusive to any one race. If the nurturing stance on drug abuse was taken back in the 1970s like it should have been, “we'd be way ahead of the game now in dealing with this scourge of opioid addiction.” (Glanton 2017) Instead, Nixon and Reagan used the war on drugs to aid their own political agenda. Now, we are seeing the affects and even white middle class communities are being hurt by drug use.

Sources:

“Criminal Justice Fact Sheet.” NAACP, NAACP, 2016, www.naacp.org/criminal-justice-fact-sheet/.

Glanton, Dahleen. “Race, the Crack Epidemic and the Effect on Today's Opioid Crisis.” Chicago Tribune, Chicago Tribune, 21 Aug. 2017, www.chicagotribune.com/news/columnists/glanton/ct-opioid-epidemic-dahleen-glanton-met-20170815-column.html.

“War on Drugs.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 31 May 2017, www.history.com/topics/crime/the-war-on-drugs

Replacement Blog: My Privileges

1. I can go to the grocery store and not be followed around because of the assumption that I am a thief.

2. I will not be shown houses in only low income areas, because of my race.

3. I will not be a victim of police brutality because the police force will most likely not fear me irrationally.

4. I will not be a victim of bullying due to my sexuality.

5. I can set down a drink and not worry about it being spiked with anything.

6. I can see people of my race represented in just about every history class I will take.

7. I can surround myself with those of the same race as me if I feel the need to.

8. I can take a liberal political stance on an issue without being accused of identity politics.

9. My neighbors will not fear me due to my race.

10. I can get a scholarship and be sure that no one will assume it was only given to me based on my race.

11. I do not feel out of place when trying to pursue higher education.

12. Everything I read is in my primary language.

13. People will believe me more than a person of color if I notice a racial issue, because I am not the victim.

14. I am not expected to follow a certain career path because of my race.

15. People will not fear me if it’s dark out and we’re walking on the same street.

16. I will never have to worry about being stopped in traffic due to suspicion that I am undocumented.

17. I am not expected to follow a certain career path because of my sex and gender.

18. People will not judge me based on the way I dress as much as they would if I was female.

19. I can walk home at night with no fear that I will be sexually assaulted.

20. I can be sure that I am receiving rightful compensation in the workplace.

21. I am less likely to be the victim of getting conned when purchasing a car.

22. People will not judge me if I do not want to have kids.

23. If I stay home with the kids and do household chores I will be seen as a great father, rather than it being my duty.

24. I can engage in sexual activity as much as I want and it will be seen as an accomplishment, rather than being judged negatively.

25. I will not be asked what it is like to occupy any of my statuses.

My life experience has been heavily shaped by my privileges. I was only required to make a list of twenty-five privileges, but my list could have gone on forever. My statuses include male, white, able-bodied, and middle class, so just about every privilege that exists is granted to me. I will always be seen as “normal” in this country because my statuses are simply not judged in a negative way. I think one of the most beneficial privileges that I possess is based on my primary language, English. Education is really the way to improve socioeconomic status in this country, and I was never held back because I was forced to study everything in a secondary language. Also on the subject of education, my race and gender are widely represented in what we study in school. This kept me from losing motivation and devaluing my culture, because it is seen as important. Essentially, my intersection of statuses will never hold me back from climbing up the economic ladder.

If I did not have these privileges, I can only imagine how much harder my life would be. I would not have free reign in the pursuit of what I want to do with my life, and I think this would be the most difficult change. For example, I can pursue whatever job I want and not be judged for it. The pressure of sticking with the norms for my race or gender would be somewhat influential in how I choose my path, at least I think they would be. I would also more often be in fear if I was a different race or gender. I never have to worry about being the victim of police brutality because the police force will not fear me irrationally. I also do not have to worry about being the victim of a sexual assault as much as I would if I was female. If the roles were reversed, I think I would be fearing these things much more than I do now, considering that I don’t fear them at all currently.

I think it’s much easier for someone who is not part of a marginalized group to undo privileges. When someone claims that they are a victim of racism, sexism, or any type of discrimination, it’s difficult for the dominant group to relate to. This is simply because they will assume it’s an isolated incident, because the dominant group never experiences discrimination. However, if an outside source that is not the victim challenges discrimination, then it is more likely that people will listen. If I challenge racism as a white male, it won’t look like I am trying to get a leg up for myself. People are more likely to listen to me, because they can’t assume that I am being selfish. On top of this, I am part of the “normal” group, so it’s also easier for those of my race to trust what I am saying. I think Peggy McIntosh said it best with the statement “Keeping most people unaware that freedom of confident action is there for just a small number of people props up those in power and serves to keep power in the hands of the same groups that have most of it already.” (McIntosh 7) The small group of people that she is referring to are white people with unearned privileges. Therefore, if white people raise awareness of their privileges, it could be a step towards everyone having them eventually.

Sources:

McIntosh, Peggy. “White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack .” Racial Equality Tools, Racial Equality Tools, 1988, www.racialequitytools.org/resourcefiles/mcintosh.pdf.

Blog Five: Social Reproduction in American Education

Education in this country is seen as a great economic equalizer. Despite this, American education seems to have a history that is deeply rooted in the social reproduction theory. IQ tests were held with such high regard in the early 20th century, and heavily favored English speakers. These tests also had a significant impact on the track students lives would take. The life adjustment curriculum was used to impose a certain set of skills on young children, likely leading them to their future occupations. Therefore, if English was not your first language, the IQ exam would likely place you on a track requiring little skill. Being placed on such a track would immediately reduce your future earning potential. Essentially, American Public schools were reinforcing the class stratification that we still see today, starting as early as grade school.

The place where our system fails is the need to Americanize our students. This puts minority groups at a significant disadvantage, because American is synonomous with whiteness and speaking English. We teach all of our students the same material, and the majority of that material is representing white people with a Eurocentric viewpoint. This also puts minority students at a disadvantage because their cultures are not represented well enough or at all, which causes them to devalue it. One example of deculturalization in the American Education system was directed towards Native Americans. Native American Joe Suina once stated that a teacher told him to “Leave your Indian at home!” (Suina 3) This is just the tip of the iceberg, like this went on constantly and they still do today. In Tucson, the Mexican Studies Program was banned because it was deemed as hatred for our country. Again, this is an example of our need to Americanize students, rather than acculturate them.

As a future educator, stories like these inspire me to tell the real truth to my students. My goal is to become a history teacher, and I think it’s important to tell the real story, instead of the fake ones we see in many textbooks. In my experience in grade school, I always saw my culture represented through a Eurocentric version of everything. For example, in eighth our American history course begins with colonization. If my curriculum requires me to use a certain textbook, I would like to get creative with how I teach that book’s information. I think it’s also important to make time for the real story. I like to think that this would actually decrease deculturalization, because if a Native American student was sitting in my class, I assume they would feel left out if American History skipped over them, as if they didn’t exist before European colonization. I think it’s important for me to break the status quo in American Education, and I want to empower each and every student who comes into my classroom with the truth. Knowledge is power and we are often fed fake news by our education system, which can have disastrous effects for minority communities.

Sources:

Suina, Joe. “And Then I Went To School.” Cambridge College , Cambridge College, 1985, mycc.cambridgecollege.edu/ICS/icsfs/AndthenIwenttoschool.pdf?target=e3be3e4e-bb14-4066-b098-686cac0b9590.

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sinetheta · 7 years ago

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Blue Gate Crossing (蓝色大门), dir Yee Chih-yen (易智言). 2003.

Taiwanese filmmaker Yee Chih-yen follows up his debut Lonely Hearts Club with the romantic drama Lanse Da Men (Blue Gate Crossing). Best friends Meng Ke-rou (Guey Lun-mei) and Lin Yueh-chen (Liang Shu-hui) are 17-year-old high school girls. When Yueh-chen admits she likes the boy swimming champ Chang Shih-hao (Chen Bo-lin), she talks Ke-rou into talking to him for her. But Shih-hao ends up liking Ke-rou instead, and the rest of the film develops their sweet friendship and adolescent romance. The only problem is that Ke-rou thinks she might be a lesbian because she's in love with her best friend Yueh-chen.

The film has been well-received critically. Dennis Lim, in a review for the Village Voice, observed the film's "meticulous framing and haunting use of repeated motifs" reflects the influence of Taiwanese New Wave directors Hou Hsiao-hsien and Edward Yang. The Portland Mercury described the film as "a modern-day Chinese lesbo twist on the old Cyrano story" that "treads new territory in the teen coming of age drama realm," praising Yee's "haiku-like directorial lyricism."

Gentle and reflective, Blue Gate Crossing ultimately doesn't make a terribly strong impact, but it does impress with its well-composed visual style and sensitive handling of bittersweet emotion.

Follow sinθ magazine for more daily posts about Sino arts and culture.

#blue gate crossing #yee chih yen #蓝色大门 #易智言 #taiwanese cinema #week 55

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writemarcus · 7 years ago

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After last season's much-buzzed-about Butterflyand Carmen, HEARTBEAT OPERA-the daring young company whose unconventional orchestrations and stagings of classic operas have been called "a radical endeavor" by Alex Ross in The New Yorker-returns to Baruch Performing Arts Center with its fourth annual Spring Festival May 2-13, 2018. Heartbeat will premiere adaptations of two operatic masterpieces, both radically staged, trimmed down and re-orchestrated: Mozart's DON GIOVANNI and Beethoven's FIDELIO. Once again at the helm will be Heartbeat Co-Artistic Directors Louisa Proske and Ethan Heard and Co-Music Directors Jacob Ashworth and Daniel Schlosberg. These four graduates of the Yale School of Drama and Yale School of Music founded Heartbeat Opera in 2014 and have since brought a number of great works of the operatic canon into the 21st century through visionary adaptations, offbeat chamber music arrangements, and visceral productions that put the singers and instrumentalists at the center of the work. Cantata Profana, Heartbeat's "crack chamber ensemble" (The New Yorker), will perform Daniel Schlosberg's new instrumental arrangements, which have been called "ingenious" by The Wall Street Journal. Schlosberg works in tight communication with Ms. Proske and Mr. Heard to create original arrangements that are closely tied to the directors' visions of these iconic operas. DON GIOVANNI'S WOMEN The three women of DON GIOVANNI will be brought into new light by director Louisa Proske as powerful, diverse, and complex people. Donna Elvira is portrayed by the young emerging singer Felicia Moore; Donna Anna is Berlin-based Met cover Leela Subramaniam; and Zerlina is Puerto Rico's Samarie Alicea, who played the lead of Figaro 90210! off-Broadway.

MOZART'S CLARINET The novel element in Mozart's original orchestration of DON GIOVANNI is the prominence of the clarinets, which at that very moment were coming into their modern form as the primary voice of the winds. After a life-long fascination with the clarinet, Mozart finally had access to good players with remodeled instruments, giving him new coloristic expression for a group of late works that peaked with his iconic chamber music masterpiece, the Clarinet Quintet. Daniel Schlosberg's new orchestration of DON GIOVANNI-for clarinet, string quartet, bass, and harpsichord-takes Mozart's lead in his own Quintet to cast the clarinet, like Giovanni himself, as the outsider. The clarinet has a unique capacity to be both the loudest sound, impossible to ignore, and to blend in almost to the point of being imperceptible. Like Giovanni, the clarinet is a shapeshifter.

A FIDELIO FOR 2018 In Heartbeat's version of FIDELIO, Leonore is now "Leah," a young black woman, and her husband Florestan is "Stan," a Black Lives Matter activist who has been wrongfully incarcerated. Leah dreams that she becomes "Leo," a butch female prison guard who attempts to rescue Stan from death in prison. Together with playwright Marcus Scott, Ethan Heard has made the dialogue fresh and American, eliminated two major roles, and altered the ending. Among the four black leads is Angolan immigrant Nelson Ebo, who plays the imprisoned Stan. Born in 1984 during the civil war, Ebo watched nine of his siblings and both parents die due to illness and war. A U.N. representative heard a teen-aged Ebo sing and helped him emigrate to receive formal opera training. Singing literally became his way out of Angola, which had become a virtual prison. FIDELIO is known for its stirring "Prisoners' Chorus," an ode to freedom, hope, and the human spirit. Heartbeat invited six prison choirs to learn and record a new version of this hymn. All six recordings will be layered and combined so that the audience hears the voices of people in prison in Ohio, Iowa, Minnesota, and Kansas, singing together in harmony. Schlosberg's new orchestration of FIDELIO-for two French horns, two cellos, two pianos, and percussion-will channel the emotional core of the opera. The instruments reflect Leah's hope and struggle, from the deep expressivity of the cellos to the bold resolve of the horns. Bolstered by a battery of pianos and drums, the instrumentation pulls listeners through a vast yet intimate journey into Leah's psyche. Heartbeat Opera's<

DON GIOVANNI

Cast & Production Details

John Taylor Ward (Don Giovanni) Wednesday, May 2, 8:00pm Friday, May 4, 8:00pm Sunday, May 6, 3:00pm (Gala Double Bill) Tuesday, May 8, 8:00pm Thursday, May 10, 8:00pm Saturday, May 12, 8:00pm Music by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Libretto by Lorenzo Da Ponte Stage Direction Louisa Proske Music Direction Jacob Ashworth New Arrangement Daniel Schlosberg Musical Staging and Choreography Chloe Treat Set Design Kate Noll Costume Design Beth Goldenberg Lighting Design Oliver Wason Stage Manager Dane Urban CAST: Zerlina Samarie Alicea Leporello Matthew Gamble Don Ottavio Nathan Haller Donna Elvira Felicia Moore Donna Anna Leela Subramaniam Don Giovanni John Taylor Ward Masetto/Commendatore Barrington Lee ORCHESTRA: 2 Violins, Viola, Cello, Bass, Clarinet, Harpsichord Heartbeat Opera's

FIDELIO

Cast and Production Details

L to

Thursday, May 3, 8:00pm Saturday, May 5, 8:00pm Sunday, May 6, 7:30pm (Gala Double Bill) Wednesday, May 9, 8:00pm Friday, May 11, 8:00pm Sunday, May 13, 3:00pm Music Ludwig van Beethoven Original libretto Joseph Sonnleithner & Georg Friedrich Sonnleithner Adaptation and Stage Direction Ethan Heard New Arrangement and Music Direction Daniel Schlosberg New English Dialogue Marcus Scott & Ethan Heard Movement Direction Emma Crane Jaster Scenic Design Reid Thompson Lighting Design Oliver Wason Costume Design Valérie Therese Bart Hair & Makeup Design Jon Carter Sound Design Ian Williams Projection Design Nicholas Hussong & Joey Moro Stage Manager Jakob Plummer CAST: Roc Derrell Acon Marcy Malorie Casimir Stan Nelson Ebo Leah/Leo Kelly Griffin Pizarro Daniel Klein ORCHESTRA: 2 pianos, 2 celli, 2 horns, percussion PRISON CHOIRS: Oakdale Community Choir Iowa Medical and Classification Center, Oakdale, IA Mary Cohen, Conductor Ubuntu Men's Chorus London Correctional, London, OH Catherine Roma, Conductor Kuji Men's Chorus Marion Correctional, Marion, OH Catherine Roma, Conductor Hope Thru Harmony Women's Choir Dayton Correctional, Dayton, OH Catherine Roma, Conductor Voices of Hope Minnesota Correctional Facility, Shakopee, MN Amanda Weber, Conductor East Hill Singers a program of Arts in Prison Lansing Correctional Facility, Lansing, KS Kirk Carson, Conductor

Heartbeat Opera

www.heartbeatopera.org

#Heartbeat Opera #Ethan Heard #Baruch Performing Arts Center #BPAC #Fidelio #Marcus Scott #MarcusScott #Write Marcus #WriteMarcus #Ludwig Beethoven #Beethoven

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ha-kan-kara-yel · 5 years ago

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***Kapitülasyonların Sebep Olduğu***

BALKAN BOZGUNU 1912-1913 //Teoman ALPASLAN

‘’Çözülen Balkanlarda geriye kalan ve göç ederek Trakya ve Anadolu’nun çeşitli yerlerine yerleşen,büyük acı ve ıstırap çeken,yaşadığı ata topraklarından koparılan ve ebediyete göç edenlere...’’

KAPİTÜLASYONLAR BİLİNMEDEN,

BALKAN BOZGUNU ANLAŞILAMAZ...

Kapitülasyon denilen illet bir milletin tüm üretim ve el emeğinin başkasına açık pazar ve kayırmacılık yoluyla peşkeş çekilmesidir.Bu politika bazen mecburi bir işbirliğinin sonucu gibi lanse edilse de,sonuçta kaybeden hep kapitülasyon hakkı veren Osmanlı Devleti olmuştur.Dünya genelinde ise ,kapitülasyon ‘’vahşi emperyalizmi’’ doğurmuş,beslemiş ve büyütmüştür.

Bugün küreselleşme adı altında geliştirilen’’yönetişim politikaları’’ aslında ‘’vahşi emperyalizmin’’vahşi yüzünü gizleyen bir maskeden başka bir şey değildir.

.....

Bu politikaların doğal sonucu olan Balkanlarda ‘’Hristiyan’’ulusların devlet kurmalarının nasıl yönlendirildiğini aradan yüz yıl geçtikten sonra değerlendirmek gerçekten ders alınacak kadar tarihsel olaydır.

Gerçek ise,’’aslında 100 yıl sonra emperyal politikalarda’’ bir değişiklik olmadığı,sadece adının ‘’küreselleşme’’ ya da ‘’yönetişim politikaları’’gibi ‘’post modern’’üretim etiketine sarılı olarak değiştirildiğidir.

Yaygın medya üzerinden bu politikaların servis edilmeye devam edildiğinin ‘’tespit’’edilecek olması ise,ders alınacak bir başka konudur.

Ülkemizin içinde bulunduğu coğrafi mekan ,bu tarihsel olayların önyargısız değerlendirilmesini,bunlardan ders alınarak,gelecek nesillerin ‘’stratejik ve politik’’düşüncelerinin geliştirilmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır.

Balkan Savaşı öncesinde Rumeli’deki tüm gelişmeler kapitülasyonlar sonucu elde edilen’’iç işlerine müdahale’’hakkı sonunda meydana gelmiş;Rusya’ya verilen kapitülasyonlar nedeni ile Balkan ulusları kışkırtılmış,suçlunun cezalandırılması önlenmiş,tüm ayaklanma ve terör eylemlerinin kovuşturulması sonuçsuz kalmıştır.Bu ortamda yetişen ulusal fikirler,İtalya,Fransa,Almanya ve İngiltere’nin de katkısı ve desteği ile Rusların planladığı şekilde gelişmiş,Osmanlı Devleti’nin tüm otoritesi ise sadece kağıt üzerinde kalmıştır.

‘’Rus konsolosuna selam vermeyen asker İDAM edilmiştir’’.Rus konsolosuna selam verme mecburiyetinin dayanağı ise kapitülasyonlardır.

Osmanlı Devleti Yunan bağımsızlığını tanımakta tereddüt etmiş ve işi zamana bırakmıştır.Tereddütü ortadan kaldırmak için,İyon Denizi kenarında bir koy olan Navarin’de İngiiliz,Fransız ve Rus donanmalarının ortak harekatı ile Osmanlı Donanması 20 ekim 1827 de imha edilmiştir.

Bu olaydan sonra Osmanlı Devleti,Rusya başta olmak üzere istekleri tek tek kabul etmeye başlamış ve bir müddet sonra yine büyük devletlerin kararı ile Yunan bağımsızlığı kabul edilmiştir.

Ardından gelen Tanzimat(1839) v Kırım Savaşı (1853-1856) sonrasındaki borçlanmalar,bağımlılığı daha da arttırmıştır.Alınan borçların saray gibi bir kısmı gereksiz yapılar için harcanarak çar çur edilmesi sonucunda yıllık taksitlerinin de yine borç ile ödenmesini gerektirmiştir.Bu durum Osmanlı Devletini ekonomik yönden çok zor durumda bırakmış,borçlar ödenemeyince 1881 yılında Borçlar İdaresi kurulmuş ve Osmanlı Devlet gelirlerinin en önemli kalemlerine alacaklı devletler el koymuştur.Böylece Osmanlı Devleti ekonomik bakımdan başta Fransa olmak üzere büyük devletlere tam bağımlı hale gelmiştir.

Ekonomik tam bağımlılık doğal olarak iç siyasetin de yönetilmesi demek olduğundan,görünürde ülkeyi padişah yönetir gözüküyorsa da,gerçek yöneticiler kapitülasyon hakları alan ve gelirlere el koyan büyük devletler olmuştur.Borç ödenmeyince Midilli adasına el koymuşlardır.

Bununla da yetinmemişler,önce Doğu Rumeli’nin Bulgarlar tarafından ilhak edilmesine’’olur’’vermişler bir zaman sonra da Makedonya’da kendilerince planlanan olaylar bahane edilerek ‘’ıslahat yapılması’’ talebinde bulunmuşlar ve Makedonya’ya kendi jandarma güçlerini göndermişlerdir.

Balkan Savaşının başlamasının nedeni de Rusya’nın Bulgaristan ve Sırbistan arasında arabulucu olması ve onları bir araya getirerek Osmanlı Devletine karşı müttefik yapmasıdır.

Rusya kızmasın diye Anadolu’nun doğusuna yol bile yapmazsan,Rusya kızmasın diye 1884 ile 1896 arasında altı milyon lira harcanarak yaptırılan tabyaları kullanamazsın.(1)

Verilen bu tavizlerin hepsine birden kapitülasyonlar diyoruz.

Eğer bu tavizler verilmemiş olsaydı,Balkanlarda ,Balkan Savaşına katılan Rahmetli Yarbay Hafız Hakkı Bey’in tanımladığı ‘’BOZGUN’’olayı gerçekleşmez,milletin dişinden tırnağından artırarak oluşturduğu yüzlerce top ve askeri teçhizat Trakya çamurlarında kaderine terkedilerek,Bulgar askerlerinin eline geçmezdi.(2)

MUSTAFA KEMAL KAPİTÜLASYONLARI ANLATIYOR

19 OCAK 1923 İZMİT;

‘’Biliyorsunuz ki,Osmanlı Devleti Uhudu Atika namı altında bir takım kapitülasyonlarla acze düşmüştü,hristiyan unsurlar bir çok imtiyazlara ve istisnalara sahip bulunuyordu.

Bir devlet kendi memleketinde bulunan yabancılara yargılama hakkını tatbik edemezse,bir devlet kendi ahalisinden aldığı bir vergiyi yabancılardan almaktan yasaklanmış bulunursa,bir devlet kendi hayatını kemiren,kendi içindeki unsurlar (gayrimüslümler)hakkında tedbirler almaktan men edilirse,böyle bir devletin egemenliğine sahip bağmsız bir devlet olduğuna inanmak caiz olur mu?

İşte Osmanlı devleti böyle bir halde idi.

Bu kadar da değil,Osmanlı Devleti kendisini kuran asli unsurun (Türklerin),milletin insanca yaşamasını temin edecek vasıtalara başvurmaktan men edilmişti.

Memleketi imar edemez,demiryolu yaptıramaz,yaptırmaya teşebbüs ettiği zaman derhal yabancılar müdahale eder ve hatta bir mektep yapmak istediği zaman bile müdahaleye maruz kalırdı.

Kayda değerdir ki,bütün bu kötülükler,milleti boynuna geçirilmiş bütün bu zincirler,milletimizin herhangi bir merhametinden veya devletin zaafından ileri gelmiş değildir.Bilakis(aksine) bütün bu esaret zincirleri boynumuza,devletin en kuvvetli,en kudretli bulunduğu bir zamanda boynumuza,devletin boynuna geçirilmiştir.

Fatih’ten başlarlar,Selimler,Süleymanlar zamanında takviye bulur.Bu halin hikmetini,devlet kavramının anlayış tarzında aramak lazımdır.

Biliyorsunuz ki tacidarlar,hükümdarlar ve bilhassa kendine Allah’ın gölgesi diyen,Allah tarafından destekleniyorum diyen,veraset ve hak yoluyla mülk ve devletin sahibi diyen padişahlar,memleketi kendi malikanesi ve bütün asli unsur olan milleti(Türkleri) de yine Allah tarafından kayıtsız şartsız emrine itaat ettirilmiş bir kitle farz ederler.

.....

Dolayısıyla Osmanlı devletini mahv ve yok eden ve bu devletin hakiki kurucusu olan milleti (Türkleri) sefaletten sefalete,felaketten felakete sevk eden bütün bu ayrıcalıklar (kapitülasyonlar),bütün bu anlaşmalar hep padişahların ihsan ve hediyeleriyle meydana gelmiştir.Bütün bu ayrıcalıklar verile verile o kadar büyüdü ki,millet sırtına yüklenen bu yükün altında kıvranmaya ve tahammül edememeye başladı.Fakat millet ve devlet zaafa uğradıktan sonra bir zamanlar hediye ve ihsan olarak verilmiş olan bu ayrıcalıklar,aşanlar tarafından kazanılmış bir hak olarak görüldü.Artırmak için her türlü araca müracaat ettiler ve tahakkümlere kalkıştılar.’’(Atatürk’ün Bütün Eserleri Kaynak yayınları 14.cilt.s.321v.d.)

BİR BAKIŞTA BALKAN BOZGUNU VE KAYIPLAR

8 Ekim 1912’de başlayan Balkan Savaşları acı,gözyaşı ve hayal kırıklıklarının toplamı olup,İngiltere,Fransa,İtalya ve Almanya’nın içinde bulnduğu batılı emperyalist devletlerin ‘’ŞARK MESELESİ’’ diye adlandırdıkları ‘’Doğu Sorunu’’ politikalarının bir sonucudur.Balkan Savaşları 1.Dünya Savaşının da başlama nedeni olup,Osmanlı Tarihi’nin en büyük yenilgilerinden biridir.

Aradan yüz yıldan fazla zaman geçtikten sonra bu satırların yazılıyor olmasının nedeni ise,geçmişten ders alınıp alınmadığının da düşünülmesi gerektiğindendir.

Balkan Savaşları öncesinde,Trablusgarp (Libya) cephesinde İtalya’ya yenilmiş olunması,Balkan devletlerinin bağımsızlık emelleri üzerine benzin dökülmesine neden oldu.

Bu benzinin muslukları Rusya’nın elinde,ateşi ise batılı emperyalistlerdeydi.

Sırbistan ve Bulgaristan 13 Mart 1912’de Rusya’nın isteği ile ittifak,iki ay sonra da 11 Mayıs 1912’de askeri anlaşma imzaladı.Yapılan bu askeri anlaşma uyarınca ,Osmanlı Devleti’ne karşı birlikte hareket edeceklerdi.Bu anlaşmalardan hemen sonra,29 Mayıs 1912’de Yunanistan Sofya’da Bulgaristan’la ‘’Gizli itttifak’’anlaşmasını imzaladı ve çember daralmaya başladı.Çemberin içinde yer alması gereken Karadağ da çok geçmeden Ağustos ayında Bulgaristan ile gizli askeri anlaşma imzalayınca ‘’ittifak’’ tamamlandı.

Osmanlı devleti,bu gizli anlaşma ve ittifakların asıl amacını anlayamamış,Batılı devletlerin yönlendirmelerine adeta teslim olarak’’Avrupa’ya şirin gözükme’’ politikasını uygulamaya başlamıştı.

Bu politikası gereğince Balkanlarda yerleşik iyi eğitimli 150.000 kişilik ordusunu terhis edince savaş kapıya dayandı.Ayrıca orduda 14.442 subay kadrosu da boştu.Yani askeri yönetecek subay da yoktu.

Burada sözü Fevzi ÇAKMAK Paşa’ya bırakalım:

‘’Askerlerin arasında başlayan sızlanmayı ortadan kaldırmak üzere 1912 yılı Haziran ayı ortalarında iktidara gelen Gazi Ahmet Paşa Hükümeti redif ve ihtiyatların tamamen terhisiyle yetinmeyerek,barış zamanında Ordu’nun önemli bir kısmını oluşturan 1908 girişli yeni nizamiye askerlerini bile terhis etti...

Seferberlikten önce Trakya ve Makedonya’daki askeri kuvvetimiz düşmanlarımızın iki katıydı.Seferberlikte doğal olarak üstünlüğümüzü koruyacaktık.Oysa düşmanlarımıza aldanılarak,yaklaşık 70 bin asker terhis edildi.Böylece barışta düşmanlarımıza karşı mevcut olan üstünlüğümüzü kaybettik.Bulgaristan ise bu sırada manevra bahanesiyle ordusunu takviye ediyordu.

1 Ekim 1912’de biz de (Osmanlı Devleti) seferberlik ilan ettik,fakat siyasi değişimlerle,karşıklıklarla hükümet o kadar zayıf,halk o kadar şımarık ve ilgisizdi ki genel görünüm tehlikeli ve dağınıklık gösteriyordu.

(....)Ordu ve halk arasında(....) harbin lüzumsuzluğuna bile inananlar vardı.Bir taraftan ordu seferberlikle meşgulken,diğer taraftan Rumeli’deki (Balkanlardaki)taburlara Anadolu’dan daha önce silah altına alınan ihtiyat askerlerin zorla trenlere binerek isyan belirtileri gösterdikleri de bir gerçekti.

Çok kısa süre içinde Balkanlar kaybedilmiş,Milletçe yapılan maddi ve manevi fedakarlıklar boşa gitmiş,bizim (Osmanlı Ordusu) Ordu bütçesi,Bulgar ordu bütçesinin dört,müttefiklerin ordu bütçelerinin toplamının iki katıydı.Bununla beraber millet ,orduda ödediği para ile münasip iş görememişti.’’(Fevzi ÇAKMAK,Batı Rumeli’yi Nasıl Kaybettik? İş Bankası Yayınları İstanbul 2011)

Balkan Savaşları 8 Ekim 1912’de Karadağ’ın Osmanlı Devleti’ne savaş ilan etmesi ile başladı.Osmanlı Devleti 16 Ekim 1012’de Bulgaristan ve Sırbistan’a,daha sonrada Yunanistan’a savaş ilan etti.

23 Ekim 1912’de Sırbistan ile savaş başladı.25 Ekim 1912’de KUMANOVA,26 Ekim’de ÜSKÜP düştü.

18 Kasımda başlayan Manastır savaşlarında Osmanlı Ordusu yenildi.

19 Kasımda MANASTIR Sıplara bırakıldı.Yunanlılara karşı Yenicevardar ve Serfice’de Osmanlı Ordusu yenilince ‘’TEK KURŞUN ATILMADAN’’ SELANİK 9 Kasım 1912’de Yunanistan’a teslim edildi.

Ayrıca Yunanistan,savunmasız durumdaki ,SAKIZ,MİDİLLİ,LİMNİ ve BOZCAADA’ya aker çıkararak buraları aldı.

3 Aralık 1912’de ateşkes ilan edildi.28 Ekim-2 Kasım tarihleri arasında Bulgarlara karşı Pınarhisar-Lüleburgaz Savaşı kaybedilince Osmanlı Orduları ÇATALCA’ya çekildi.

17-18 Kasım 1912 tarihlerinde yapılan Çatalca Savaşlarında,Bulgarlar durdurularak 12.000 kayıp verildi.Teslim olmakta direnen EDİRNE ise 26 Mart 1913 günü Bulgarlara teslim oldu.

30 Mayıs 1913’de Londra’da barış anlaşması imzalanmasına rağmen, Bulgaristan 29 Haziran 1913’de Yunanistan’a ve Sırbistan’a saldırdı.Bunu fırsat bilen Osmanlı Orduları 15 Temmuz’da harekete geçip,21 Temmuz’da KIRKLARELİ’ni,23 Temmuz 1913’de EDİRNE’yi geri aldı.Enver Bey(Paşa),Edirne Fatihi oldu.

10 Ağustos 1913’de Bükreş anlaşması imzalandı.Buna göre;Vardar Vadisi’nin Orta kısmı Sırbistan’a,Kavala ve Serez Yunanistan’a,Güney Dobruca ve Silistre ise Romanya’ya bırakıldı.29 Eylül 1913’de Bulgarlar ile Osmanlı Devleti arasında İstanbul Anlaşması imzalanarak,şimdiki Trakya sınırına yakın bir sınır kabul edildi.

Balkan Savaşlarının başladığı 8 Ekim 1912 ile ateşkesin ilan edildiği 3 Aralık 1912 tarihleri arasında,bugünkü Türkiye topraklarının %30.8’i tutarında 240.534 km.kare toprak kaybedildi.

Yeni kurulan Balkan devletleri toprak büyüklüklerini;

Bulgaristan: 25.257’den 121.062 Km.kareye,

Yunanistan: 55.919’dan 120.060 ‘’

Sırbistan : 1.873 ‘ den 87.300 ‘’

Karadağ : 5.590 ‘den 15.017 ‘’

Arnavutluk:sıfırdan- 25.734 ‘’ genişletti.

Ayrıca Balkan devletlerinin toplam nüfusu da 10.953.000 artarak,4.946.000’den 15.899.000’e çıktı.

Balkan Savaşları sonunda 1.445.179 Müslüman nüfus Balkanlardan azaldı.

Bunların 632.408’i katledildi.Kalanı ise Türkiye’ye göç etti.

Bu kısa özet ‘’bozgunun ve facianın’’ boyutunu tüm çıplaklığıyla vermesine rağmen,bu aslında buzdağının görünen yüzüdür.Buzdağının görünmeyen ve suya batık yüzünde ise kapitülasyon denilen,başta Fransa ve İngiltere olmak üzere,üretim gücünü sanayileşmeye paralel olarak artıran ve Osmanlı Devleti’ni bir iç Pazar olarak gören ve bunu Osmanlı Devletine kabul ettiren ‘’ imtiyazlar’’ vardır.

PİYER LOTİ’den Balkan Mezalimi;

‘’Binlerce imzalı tanıklıklar ve uluslararası komisyonlar tarafından onaylanmış raporlarla Müslümanların katledilmiş olduklarını kanıtlamış olmam Batı toplumu için önemli değildi,Batı toplumu için cinayet ancak Türkler tarafından işlendiği zaman bir anlam ifade eder’’

BALKAN BOZGUNU 1912-1913

Teoman ALPASLAN, Kamer Yayınları İstanbul-2013 İsimli kitaptan özet olarak alınmıştır.

Fotoğraf : Bulgar Askerleri öldürdükleri Sivil Türklerln başında toplu halde fotoğraf çektiriyorlar.Edirne 1912

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kara-yel · 5 years ago

Text

***Kapitülasyonların Sebep Olduğu***

BALKAN BOZGUNU 1912-1913 //Teoman ALPASLAN

KAPİTÜLASYONLAR BİLİNMEDEN,

BALKAN BOZGUNU ANLAŞILAMAZ...

Bugün küreselleşme adı altında geliştirilen’’yönetişim politikaları’’ aslında ‘’vahşi emperyalizmin’’vahşi yüzünü gizleyen bir maskeden başka bir şey değildir.

.....

Yaygın medya üzerinden bu politikaların servis edilmeye devam edildiğinin ‘’tespit’’edilecek olması ise,ders alınacak bir başka konudur.

‘’Rus konsolosuna selam vermeyen asker İDAM edilmiştir’’.Rus konsolosuna selam verme mecburiyetinin dayanağı ise kapitülasyonlardır.

Balkan Savaşının başlamasının nedeni de Rusya’nın Bulgaristan ve Sırbistan arasında arabulucu olması ve onları bir araya getirerek Osmanlı Devletine karşı müttefik yapmasıdır.

Rusya kızmasın diye Anadolu’nun doğusuna yol bile yapmazsan,Rusya kızmasın diye 1884 ile 1896 arasında altı milyon lira harcanarak yaptırılan tabyaları kullanamazsın.(1)

Verilen bu tavizlerin hepsine birden kapitülasyonlar diyoruz.

MUSTAFA KEMAL KAPİTÜLASYONLARI ANLATIYOR

19 OCAK 1923 İZMİT;

‘’Biliyorsunuz ki,Osmanlı Devleti Uhudu Atika namı altında bir takım kapitülasyonlarla acze düşmüştü,hristiyan unsurlar bir çok imtiyazlara ve istisnalara sahip bulunuyordu.

İşte Osmanlı devleti böyle bir halde idi.

Bu kadar da değil,Osmanlı Devleti kendisini kuran asli unsurun (Türklerin),milletin insanca yaşamasını temin edecek vasıtalara başvurmaktan men edilmişti.

Memleketi imar edemez,demiryolu yaptıramaz,yaptırmaya teşebbüs ettiği zaman derhal yabancılar müdahale eder ve hatta bir mektep yapmak istediği zaman bile müdahaleye maruz kalırdı.

Fatih’ten başlarlar,Selimler,Süleymanlar zamanında takviye bulur.Bu halin hikmetini,devlet kavramının anlayış tarzında aramak lazımdır.

.....

BİR BAKIŞTA BALKAN BOZGUNU VE KAYIPLAR

Aradan yüz yıldan fazla zaman geçtikten sonra bu satırların yazılıyor olmasının nedeni ise,geçmişten ders alınıp alınmadığının da düşünülmesi gerektiğindendir.

Balkan Savaşları öncesinde,Trablusgarp (Libya) cephesinde İtalya’ya yenilmiş olunması,Balkan devletlerinin bağımsızlık emelleri üzerine benzin dökülmesine neden oldu.

Bu benzinin muslukları Rusya’nın elinde,ateşi ise batılı emperyalistlerdeydi.

Burada sözü Fevzi ÇAKMAK Paşa’ya bırakalım:

23 Ekim 1912’de Sırbistan ile savaş başladı.25 Ekim 1912’de KUMANOVA,26 Ekim’de ÜSKÜP düştü.

18 Kasımda başlayan Manastır savaşlarında Osmanlı Ordusu yenildi.

Ayrıca Yunanistan,savunmasız durumdaki ,SAKIZ,MİDİLLİ,LİMNİ ve BOZCAADA’ya aker çıkararak buraları aldı.

3 Aralık 1912’de ateşkes ilan edildi.28 Ekim-2 Kasım tarihleri arasında Bulgarlara karşı Pınarhisar-Lüleburgaz Savaşı kaybedilince Osmanlı Orduları ÇATALCA’ya çekildi.

17-18 Kasım 1912 tarihlerinde yapılan Çatalca Savaşlarında,Bulgarlar durdurularak 12.000 kayıp verildi.Teslim olmakta direnen EDİRNE ise 26 Mart 1913 günü Bulgarlara teslim oldu.

Yeni kurulan Balkan devletleri toprak büyüklüklerini;

Bulgaristan: 25.257’den 121.062 Km.kareye,

Yunanistan: 55.919’dan 120.060 ‘’

Sırbistan : 1.873 ‘ den 87.300 ‘’

Karadağ : 5.590 ‘den 15.017 ‘’

Arnavutluk:sıfırdan- 25.734 ‘’ genişletti.

Ayrıca Balkan devletlerinin toplam nüfusu da 10.953.000 artarak,4.946.000’den 15.899.000’e çıktı.

Balkan Savaşları sonunda 1.445.179 Müslüman nüfus Balkanlardan azaldı.

Bunların 632.408’i katledildi.Kalanı ise Türkiye’ye göç etti.

PİYER LOTİ’den Balkan Mezalimi;

BALKAN BOZGUNU 1912-1913

Teoman ALPASLAN, Kamer Yayınları İstanbul-2013 İsimli kitaptan özet olarak alınmıştır.

Fotoğraf : Bulgar Askerleri öldürdükleri Sivil Türklerln başında toplu halde fotoğraf çektiriyorlar.Edirne 1912

0 notes

distributorpelampung-blog · 6 years ago

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227snewfacebookfries · 7 years ago

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227's™ Facebook Fries!¡' (aka YouTube Chili' NBA) #Converse'Spicy' MAGIC vs BIRD! #Nike'Spicy' NBA Mix! -- Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227, Inc. | PRLog

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Magic Johnson From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Los Angeles Lakers Position: President of basketball operations League: NBA Personal information Born: August 14, 1959 (age 58) Lansing, Michigan Nationality: American Listed height: 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) Listed weight: 215 lb (98 kg) Career information High school: Everett (Lansing, Michigan) College: Michigan State (1977–1979) NBA draft: 1979 / Round: 1 / Pick: 1st overall Selected by the Los Angeles Lakers Playing career: 1979–1991, 1996Position: Point guardNumber: 32Coaching career: 1994–1994Career historyAs player:1979–1991,1996 Los Angeles LakersAs coach:1994 Los Angeles LakersCareer highlights and awardsAs a player• 5× NBA champion (1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988)• 3× NBA Finals MVP (1980, 1982, 1987)• 3× NBA Most Valuable Player (1987, 1989, 1990)• 12× NBA All-Star (1980, 1982–1992)• 2× NBA All-Star Game MVP (1990, 1992)• 9× All-NBA First Team (1983–1991)• All-NBA Second Team (1982)• NBA All-Rookie First Team (1980)• 4× NBA assists leader (1983, 1984, 1986, 1987)• 2× NBA steals leader (1981, 1982)• J. Walter Kennedy Citizenship Award (1992)• NBA's 50th Anniversary All-Time Team• No. 32 retired by Los Angeles Lakers• NCAA champion (1979)• NCAA Final Four Most Outstanding Player (1979)• Consensus first-team All-American (1979)• Second-team All-American – NABC (1978)• Third-team All-American – AP, UPI (1978)• No. 33 retired by Michigan State Career statistics Points: 17,707 (19.5 ppg) Rebounds: 6,559 (7.2 rpg) Assists: 10,141 (11.2 apg)Basketball Hall of Fame as player College Basketball Hall of FameInducted in 2006 Medals Men's basketball Representing United States Olympic Games1992 Barcelona Team competition Earvin "Magic" Johnson Jr. (born August 14, 1959) is an American retired professional basketball player and current president of basketball operations of the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Larry Bird From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Personal information Born: December 7, 1956 (age 61) West Baden Springs, Indiana Nationality: American Listed height: 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) Listed weight: 220 lb (100 kg) Career information High school: Springs Valley (French Lick, Indiana) College: Indiana State (1976–1979) NBA draft: 1978 / Round: 1 / Pick: 6th overall Selected by the Boston Celtics Playing career: 1979–1992 Position: Small forward / Power forward Number: 33 Coaching career: 1997–2000 Career history As player:1979–1992 Boston Celtics As coach:1997–2000 Indiana Pacers Career highlights and awards As player:• 3× NBA champion (1981, 1984, 1986)• 2× NBA Finals MVP (1984, 1986)• 3× NBA Most Valuable Player (1984–1986)• 12× NBA All-Star (1980–1988, 1990–1992)• NBA All-Star Game MVP (1982)• 9× All-NBA First Team (1980–1988)• All-NBA Second Team (1990)• 3× NBA All-Defensive Second Team (1982–1984)• NBA Rookie of the Year (1980)• 3× NBA 3-Point Shootout champion (1986–1988)• 2× 50–40–90 club (1987, 1988)• AP Athlete of the Year (1986)• No. 33 retired by Boston Celtics• NBA's 50th Anniversary All-Time Team• National college player of the year (1979)• 2× Consensus first-team All-American (1978, 1979)• Third-team All-American – NABC, UPI (1977)• 2× MVC Player of the Year (1978, 1979)• No. 33 Retired by Indiana StateAs coach:• NBA Coach of the Year (1998)• NBA All-Star Game head coach (1998) As executive:• NBA Executive of the Year (2012) Career NBA statistics Points: 21,791 (24.3 ppg) Rebounds: 8,974 (10.0 rpg) Assists: 5,695 (6.3 apg) Basketball Hall of Fame as player College Basketball Hall of Fame Inducted in 2006 Medals Men's Basketball Representing the United States World University Games 1977 Sofia Men's Basketball World Invitational Tournament 1978 United States Men's Basketball Olympic Games1992 Barcelona Men's Basketball Larry Joe Bird (born December 7, 1956) is an American professional basketball executive, former coach and former player, most recently serving as president of the Indiana Pacers in the National Basketball Association (NBA). 227's™ YouTube Chili' #NBA'Spicy' #Converse'Spicy' #Nike'Spicy'FRIES and NBA Spicy' Chili' Videos (12/21/2017): Top 10 Plays of the Night: December 20, 2017 * Paul George, Willie Reed, and Every Dunk From Wednesday Night | December 20, 2017 * James Harden, Milos Teodosic, and the Best Plays From Wednesday Night | December 20, 2017 227's™ Facebook Fries!¡' everything tasty with hot, crispy fries and a specialty order of #Converse'Spicy' #MAGICvsBIRD'Spicy' #Nike'Spicy' FRIES' sauce! 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https://www.facebook.com/pg/227s-YouTube-Chili-Magic-vs-Bird-Spicy-Rivalry-Spicy-NBA-Mix-137120293627777 *** Graduate of the ZIONS Bank (Boise, ID) Business Success Academy *** Thank-you to Karen Appelgren - Assistant Director, Sheila Spangler - Vice President & Director, and Utah Jazz (NBA) Basketball Sponsor & Boise State University Athletics Sponsor - ZIONS Bank Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227, Inc. (227's™ YouTube Chili' NBA 2017 - 2018 NBA Playoffs ESPN Spicy' Mix)-cooks da' spiciest Wikipedia information (like dat' POPEYE's FRIED CHICKEN), YouTube NBA & NFL: Atlanta Hawks / Boston Celtics / Charlotte Bobcats / Chicago Bulls / Cleveland Cavaliers / Dallas Mavericks / Denver Nuggets / Detroit Pistons / Golden State Warriors / Houston Rockets / Indiana Pacers / Los Angeles Clippers / Los Angeles Lakers / Memphis Grizzlies / Miami Heat / Milwaukee Bucks / Minnesota Timberwolves / New Jersey Nets / New Orleans Hornets / New York Knicks / Orlando Magic / Philadelphia 76ers / Phoenix Suns / Portland Trail Blazers / Sacramento Kings / San Antonio Spurs / Oklahoma City Thunder (OKC) / Toronto Raptors / Utah Jazz / Washington Wizards Contact Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227, Inc.***@spicynbachili.com (844) 891-1190

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227's™ Facebook Fries!¡' (aka YouTube Chili' NBA) #Converse'Spicy' MAGIC vs BIRD! #Nike'Spicy' NBA Mix! -- Jamaal Al-Din's Hoops 227, Inc. | PRLog

from Jamaal Al-Din's blog 227's™ YouTube Chili' NBA Mix! http://hoops227.typepad.com/blog/2017/12/227s-facebook-fries-aka-youtube-chili-nba-conversespicy-magic-vs-bird-nikespicy-nba-mix-jamaal-al-dins.html via http://hoops227.typepad.com/blog/

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vietpublish · 6 years ago

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Mẫu xe Cadillac CT5 2020 sẽ ra mắt tại Triển lãm ô tô New York

http://bit.ly/2W6sp9e

Mẫu xe Cadillac CT5 2020 sẽ ra mắt tại Triển lãm ô tô New York

Cadillac sẽ giới thiệu mẫu xe tiếp theo của mình, chiếc sedan CT5 2020, vào đầu tháng 4 tại Triển lãm ô tô New York. Công ty đã cung cấp cái nhìn đầu tiên của chúng ta về CT5 vào thứ Hai và trong những tuần tới sẽ giới thiệu nhiều hơn về chiếc xe với một loạt video trực tuyến có tên là “Sensory Symphony”.

Bất kỳ nhà sản xuất ô tô nào giới thiệu một chiếc xe hơi trong thời đại tôn thờ SUV này dường như đều cảm thấy cần phải biện minh cho quyết định của mình và Chủ tịch Cadillac Steve Carlisle cũng không ngoại lệ. Trong một buổi thuyết trình với các nhà báo tuần trước tại Detroit, ông nói Cadillac sẽ không từ bỏ những chiếc xe truyền thống vì vẫn còn nhiều người mua sắm sang trọng thích chúng.

“Chúng tôi rất cam kết với những chiếc xe hơi, chỉ để làm rõ không khí trên đó. Chúng tôi xem nó rất giống như một phần của DNA thương hiệu của chúng tôi”, Carlisle nói. “Khi chúng ta nhìn vào những người mua xe mui trần ngày hôm nay, họ thực sự là những người từ chối SUV và crossover.”

Ông nói thêm rằng phân khúc xe hạng sang vẫn còn “đáng kể” và tại Trung Quốc, một thị trường quan trọng cho các nhà sản xuất ô tô hạng sang, doanh số bán xe vẫn đang tăng.

Andrew Smith, giám đốc điều hành Cadillac về thiết kế toàn cầu, đã có một nhận định khác về lý do tại sao những chiếc xe như CT5 vẫn có tương lai: “Tôi nói rằng những chiếc xe mui trần nhàm chán đã chết, tôi nghĩ những chiếc xe tuyệt vời sẽ xuất hiện trong một thời gian.”

Cadillac CT5 sử dụng những gì Smith mô tả là “một thế hệ ngôn ngữ thẩm mỹ mới cho Cadillac”. Như trên những chiếc xe “Nghệ thuật & Khoa học” trước đây, CT5 được xác định bởi các đường taut, tỷ lệ mạnh và đèn LED, nhưng thân xe đơn giản hơn và không quá lởm chởm như một số xe Cadillac cũ. Đó là một cái nhìn rất khác so với các dòng xe ATS và CTS ngày nay, nhưng vẫn có thể nhận ra Tín hiệu Cadillac.

Một mui xe thấp và mũi phẳng nhường chỗ cho một lưới tản nhiệt rộng, với các dải đèn LED chạy từ đèn pha và xuống các ống ánh sáng riêng biệt ở phần dưới thấp. Các đường cong mái nhà nghiêm ngặt phía sau cột B, lao về phía thân cây. Có một mảnh trang trí bằng nhựa trong cột C bắt chước hình dáng của một cửa sổ quý; nó được in nổi logo của Cadillac. Smith cho biết các nhà thiết kế đã chú ý hơn đến phía sau của CT5, đảm bảo nó không giống với những chiếc xe Cadillac khác.

Bên dưới bề mặt, CT5 được xây dựng trên phiên bản nền tảng Alpha nổi tiếng của General Motors, các phiên bản cũng đã được sử dụng cho ATS và CTS, cũng như Chevrolet Camaro. Các lựa chọn động cơ bao gồm động cơ bốn xi-lanh 2.0 lít tăng áp và động cơ tăng áp kép 3.0 lít, cả hai đều được ghép nối với hộp số tự động 10 cấp. Cả hai biến thể phía sau và tất cả các bánh lái sẽ được cung cấp.

Nội thất theo xu hướng của các thiết kế Cadillac gần đây khác và sẽ cung cấp rất nhiều đồ trang trí bằng da và gỗ chính hãng. Màn hình cảm ứng kiểu máy tính bảng với phiên bản cập nhật của phần mềm thông tin giải trí CUE của công ty sẽ nhô lên khỏi bảng điều khiển. Nó cũng có thể được điều khiển bởi bộ điều khiển quay gắn trên bàn điều khiển, như đã thấy trong Xt4 và Xt6. Bộ dịch chuyển điện tử đã được thiết kế lại để dễ sử dụng hơn, công nghệ khử tiếng ồn chủ động sẽ là tiêu chuẩn và hệ thống âm thanh Bose sẽ có sẵn.

Giống như các mẫu Cadillac gần đây khác, CT5 sẽ được bán trong chiến lược trang trí “Y” được phân chia giữa các mẫu Luxury và Sport. Nó cũng sẽ sử dụng gắn hệ truyền động dựa trên mô-men xoắn gần đây đã công bố cho XT6. Cadillac sẽ xây dựng CT5 tại nhà máy Lansing Grand River của mình ở Michigan, đã đầu tư $ 221 triệu để nâng cấp cơ sở cho chiếc xe mới.

Sau khi ra mắt công chúng tại triển lãm New York, Cadillac CT5 sẽ được bán vào cuối năm nay.

#Cadillac CT5 #Xe

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