#judgment at nuremberg
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#movies#polls#judgment at nuremberg#stanley kramer#60s movies#spencer tracy#burt lancaster#have you seen this movie poll
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Judgment at Nuremberg, Stanley Kramer
#judgment at nuremberg#stanley kramer#1961#1960s#60s#b&w#usa#american#movie#film#cinema#cinematography#screencaps#stills
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Burt Lancaster, Judy Garland, and Stanley Kramer on the set of Judgment at Nuremberg, 1961, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences © Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc.
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Judgment at Nuremberg , Stanley Kramer , 1961.
#judgment at nuremberg#stanley kramer#burt lancaster#spencer tracy#marlene dietrich#60s#1961#film#edit
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here's your random reminder that if you're in the US, you can watch judgment at nuremberg for free (with ads) on youtube right now.
#yes i reblogged some posts about it earlier this week and now i'm finishing my rewatch of the movie#it's just so good#and v timely#judgment at nuremberg#(the way i always want to spell it judgement. the random UK spellings that eeked their way into my brain thanks to my british teachers lol)
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Films Watched in 2024: 74. Judgment at Nuremberg (1961) - Dir. Stanley Kramer
#Judgment at Nuremberg#Stanley Kramer#Spencer Tracy#Maximilian Schell#Burt Lancaster#Richard Widmark#Marlene Dietrich#Judy Garland#Montgomery Clift#William Shatner#Films Watched in 2024#My Post
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#remembering #judygarland #actress #singer #thewizardofoz #astarisborn #judgmentatnuremberg #meetmeinstlouis #easterparade #AndyHardyMeetsDebutante #BabesonBroadway #ZiegfeldFollies #TilltheCloudsRollBy #IntheGoodOldSummertime #AChildIsWaiting #ICouldGoonSinging #thepirate
#remembering#judy garland#actress#singer#the wizard of oz#a star is born#judgment at nuremberg#meet me in st. louis#easter parade#andyhardymeetsdebutante#babesonbroadway#ziegfeld follies#tillthecloudsrollby#inthegoodsoldsummertime#achildiswaiting#icouldgoonsinging#thepirate
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Not Long Ago
Like most people my age I learned about The Holocaust in grade school. I was then introduced to a variety of TV mini-series (Holocaust, Winds of War) and movies (Judgment at Nuremberg, Schindler’s List) over the years, that further brought the magnitude of this genocide to light. It was after I read The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, did another perspective present itself – the…
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#Auschwitz#Auschwitz Not Long Ago Not Far Away#Boston#Exhibition#Holocaust#Judgment at Nuremberg#Schindler&039;s List#The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich#Winds of War
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Top two vote-getters will move on to the next round. See pinned post for all groups!
#best best adapted screenplay tournament#best adapted screenplay#oscars#academy awards#judgment at nuremberg#abby mann#out of africa#kurt luedtke#karen blixen#errol trzebinski#judith thurman#the bridge on the river kwai#pierre boulle#carl foreman#michael wilson#precious#geoffrey s. fletcher#sapphire#the big short#charles randolph#adam mckay#michael lewis#on golden pond#ernest thompson#poll#bracket tournament#polls#brackets
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From Judgment at Nuremberg (1961):
Colonel Tad Lawson: They share with all the leaders of the Third Reich responsibility for the most malignant, the most calculated, the most devastating crimes in the history of all mankind. And they are perhaps more guilty than some of the others, for they had attained maturity long before Hitler's rise to power. Their minds weren't warped at an early age by Nazi teachings. They embraced the ideologies of the Third Reich as educated adults, when they, most of all, should have valued justice!
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25 of 250: Favorite Films - Judgment at Nuremberg
Not long ago, work colleagues and I got into a discussion about what our favorite films were. Given my categorical nature I could not resist writing down a list and, as a writing challenge, have decided to write 250 word reviews of my favorite 25 films of all-time. Note: these are my favorite films, not what I think are the best films of all time.
Directed by: Stanley Kramer
Written by: Abby Mann
Starring: Spencer Tracy, Burt Lancaster, Richard Widmark, Marlene Dietrich, Maximilian Schell, Judy Garland, Montgomery Clift, William Shatner
Year/Country: 1961/United States
Trivia question: who is the lowest billed actor to win Best Actor at the Oscars? The answer is Swiss actor Maximilian Schell for Judgment at Nuremberg. Stanley Kramer’s tense Holocaust trial film is at once grandstanding and surprisingly nuanced. The credit for that belongs mostly to screenwriter Abby Mann and a lightning in a bottle performance by Schell.
The film is a fictionalized account of the Judges Trial (part of the post-WWII Nuremberg Trials). The trials for all the major Nazis are done and now it’s the regime’s lesser officials turn. Judge Haywood (Tracy) is the chief justice deciding the case. In the dock are four high profile German judges, including former Minister of Justice Janning (Lancaster). We witness various examinations and cross examinations and follow Judge Haywood as he genuinely attempts to understand what happened in Germany.
The miracle of this film is that the outcome of the trial is seriously in doubt. Mann’s screenplay understands the motives of many Germans weren’t cut and dry. It even questions the legitimacy of the trials at all; in the words of defense attorney Rolfe (Schell), “I could show you a picture of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Thousands and thousands of burned bodies. Women and children. Is that their superior morality?” It’s clear from Rolfe’s first cross-examination of a witness that this movie will be special. Schell is relentlessly logical. He picks apart each witness so thoroughly you believe the defense can win, and it’s easy to see why Schell won his Oscar.
#25 of 250#Favorite Films#Film Review#judgment at nuremberg#stanley kramer#abby mann#maximilian schell#burt lancaster#spencer tracy
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Richard Widmark, Spencer Tracy, Montgomery Clift and Burt Lancaster on the set of Judgment at Nuremberg, 1961.
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Burt Lancaster on the set of Judgment at Nuremberg, 1961, by Walter Silver via the NYPL digital collections.
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i think one of the reasons bh fans are so resistant to like, specifically cos, but also all this focus on the material fact of the military as war criminals is that saying "roy mustang is a nazi" (or hughes is a hazi, as they explicitly did with cos) implies, to their ears, "therefore you cannot like him" or "therefore you are a bad person for loving this character." and like. no one is saying that! literally not even cos is saying that! if the reason you have real trouble accepting the nazi parallel is because it will make you feel bad (or feel likle you should feel bad) about your favs, lean into that feeling! it's on purpose! 03 is saying hm perhaps the heroes we love interpersonally are sometimes cogs in a larger fascist machine that enables genocide and oppression on a mass scale. and it asks you to sit in that discomfort
there is no like, moral high or low ground about which characters you like (as long as you aren't an asshole about it lmao). there is only the metatextual aim to convey that evil is not something grand and special and uniquely designed to cause pain. it's people who are inflamed to action (or inaction) by violent patriotism. for love of country!
#me: trots out an excuse to link to judgment at nuremberg#meta#it was the old old story of the sacrificial lamb!!!!#and it pushes back against the idea of 'a few bad apples' too#cuz if like. for instance if your dad is a cop#and your dad is a gentle loving stand-up guy#it's easy to dismiss issues with police as due to bad actors and think well yeah many cops are bad but my dad is a Good Guy#but just cuz your dad is a good guy does not mean policing in the US is an inherently broken unjust and racist system#your dad could be the nicest guy on earth with a literal perfect record as a cop who has saved many many people. but that doesn't MATTER#he is still part of a broken SYSTEM#and that's what 03 is trying to say!!!
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LWA: To expand on @robinwithay's point some more, I am thinking again about Crowley's equivalent to Aziraphale's stubbornness when it comes to rejecting Heaven. Crowley just will. not. learn. that actions have consequences, and that the responsibility lies with the agent, not some nebulous figure out there somewhere. What's striking, in fact, is that "actions have. consequences" is the closest thing the GO universe has to divine providence in action: when Crowley does something, it comes back to bite his occult arse, without fail, every single time. Shut down the cell phone network? Great, can't call Aziraphale. Make yourself look good to Hell? By golly, Hell is going to give you all the sweet assignments. (From their POV, anyway.) Turn a freeway into a demonic sigil? Whoops, it's on fire when you need to cross it, and also a lot of people are dead. Moreover, not only does the universe keep pointing this out to Crowley, but so do the other characters. In S1e1 alone, Hastur, Aziraphale, and SATAN FOR CRYING OUT LOUD all call him out on the whiny "why me?!" business, and Hell does it again in "The Resurrectionists." ("Off my head on laudanum. Not responsible for my actions!" HELL: Oh honey, no.) Arguably, "why me?" is the /one/ question to which Crowley gets a definitive answer, and he consistently refuses to listen to or learn anything from it.
Gaiman's very deliberate decision to prolong and inflate this aspect of Crowley's character is fascinating, because the Nuremberg Defense moment in the novel is there to put an /end/ to it. I keep harping on the Nuremberg Defense issue because in 1990, that was /topical/, not historical: at the time of publication, the most recent high-profile example of someone Nuremberg Defensing himself out of Nazi-era war crimes was Kurt Waldheim /in 1986/. Pratchett's and Gaiman's point in the novel is that Crowley's--and, more so than in the series, Aziraphale's--refusal to take responsibility for what they've done as Hell's and Heaven's agents leads inexorably to them thinking like, you guessed it, Nazi-era war criminals. But as of the end of S2, Crowley has still not come around to the moral epiphany about this that in the novel, Aziraphale has /first./ Instead, Gaiman's substitute for the Nuremberg Defense, the child murder subplot in S1, is averted in such a way that Crowley doesn't learn anything from it.
Further to the point that @robinwithay and others who responded made, you know who did learn something from the child murder subplot? Aziraphale. I said in an earlier ask that in S1, Aziraphale's own failure in the subplot is that he winds up deferring to Crowley's judgment, despite his own clear discomfort, because he cannot turn to Heaven for moral authority. "You can't kill kids" is not represented as a divine or infernal universal mandate--it's a /human/ mandate that transcends both. (That's entirely in keeping with the point, made in both the book and the series, that humans are capable of both far greater good than angels and far greater evil than demons.) In S2, Aziraphale does what he /should have done/ in S1, and says "no" to Crowley's proposal that Gabriel just be abandoned somewhere. I think people sometimes forget that Crowley, for all that he asks questions and nudges Aziraphale along out of his allegiance to the Heavenly party line, is not the series' moral arbiter. Aziraphale knows that Gabriel is facing "something terrible" and is not sure whether or not he's still "awful," but he does what S2 itself shows by the end to be the right thing. Doing the right thing sometimes means telling Crowley "no" and sticking to that no, just as, in S1, the moment Aziraphale hits on the right question to ask at the airfield, he moves /away/ from Crowley to stand with Adam.
good afternoon LWA!!!💕
okay so i feel some frank warning is due for anyone else reading my reply, especially if you're new around these here parts: what follows beneath the cut is going to be crowley-critical. it's not meant in bad faith, but recognising character shortcomings is important for all characters involved. there is (quite rightly) a lot of critique in relation to aziraphale in the fandom, and this is not in ignorance or denial of that - there are certainly points where aziraphale's actions throughout both seasons are called out, and i agree with a number of them - but a) that's not what im talking about here, that's a different post, and b) similar analysis of crowley is (as far as ive seen personally in the months ive been active) not as common - hence the post. if that's not your bag, fair enough, but take heed!!!✨
can't believe a fandom-specific cw for this is necessary but. here we are
(because i get asked this a fair amount - AWCW: Angel Who Crowley Was) (and just now recognising the grammatical error in this, ah well we move)
the part of crowley's character that does not accept consequences, and seemingly refuses to learn from them, is one of the most intriguing for me. as well as all of the instances that you've listed, this is something that we see as being so inherent to him that it even predates the fall; it's not a trait that is specific to crowley-as-a-demon, but to crowley-as-crowley. for all of the understandable reasons that AWCW felt he should ask questions, should challenge why his hard work and creativity was going to be put to waste as if it were nothing, he outright dismissed aziraphale's frankly prophetic advice that directly delivering criticism to the almighty, even if meant with the best of intentions, might spell for trouble... might even spell for AWCW's own personal ruin.
slightly unrelated, but another note: the mindset of, "if i were in charge", however much it might have been meant offhandedly or innocently, even connotes an incredible amount of hubris that, whilst not wholly condemnable in itself, gives an interesting insight into how crowley views himself from before the fall and going into present day.
AWCW's questions may come from a place of innocence and collaboration, and may speak to how much trust he placed in god/heaven to hear his questions with patience and understanding, but it still remains highly likely that he dismisses aziraphale's warning. and the reason he ignores it, most likely, is because it is not what he wants to hear, nor does it (in his eyes) benefit him to exercise caution. one could go a step further and suggest that this indicates a fatal "crowley knows best" mentality, which the rest of the two seasons doesn't exactly negate. and look - that's fine, ignoring advice is hardly an indictable offence, but if what you're doing goes to shit? that is on you.
shifting into speculation-mode in the absence of any confirmed account of the fall itself, we can presume that AWCW's questions fall on deaf/reticent/dismissive ears, and that will just as likely have left AWCW with a sense of frustration and resentment. i continue to be a really hopeful advocate of AWCW having had a lucifer-parallel narrative; that after what was essentially a dismissal, he may have precipitated (at least) the inception of the fall by way of knowingly or unknowingly planting the seeds of rebellion amongst the eventual-fallen... e.g. "they're not treating us fairly, all of our effort will be for nothing, all in service and deference to 'human beings', i tried to speak to god about it but they won't even hear me out."
i don't think he will have led the rebellion, that doesn't quite seem appropriate to his character, but certainly that he may have sparked the initial machinations, and then - by furfur's account - participated in the war. this, again, would fall in line with crowley's ongoing tumultuous relationship with consequences-borne-from-his-actions.
crowley's unreliable narratorship of his own fall is, by definition, untrustworthy, and as such it's not a given that he was unimpeachable in any participation of it. "i didn't mean to fall" would definitely suggest that it was not his intention, but if we return to the Dead Whale Theory, this is a dead whale that crowley has failed to fully accept, or learn from. he seems - when we consider how he inhabits the role of god (as he sees that role to be, anyway) in how he treats his plants in s1 and the goats in s2 - to be very much of the opinion that he is entirely innocent of any wrongdoing.
and in some respect, he's not wrong - asking questions is not a bad thing, it's a very good thing, and his willingness to do so is one of crowley's greatest assets - but his refusal to heed advice in favour of his own agenda, refusal to accept the answers given even (especially?) when he doesn't like them, to have potentially sparked dissent that led to a war (which he fought in), and his lack of accountability for the results, is where he falls down. im not going to go so far as to call it narcissistic behaviour, that feels a bit extreme, but there are... similarities. he doesn't learn from the whole fiasco in any manner that would indicate self-reflection, and instead seems to have walked away from the fall with his clear-cut conclusion that heaven was wrong, and are in fact The Bad Guys.
certainly, GO proposes that heaven isn't the traditional definition of truth, light, and good that aziraphale hopes that it is intrinsically... but crowley still hasn't reached the point of understanding the rest of what the narrative is saying.
heaven and hell are not always good and bad respectively, but they are not always bad and good respectively either. it's not a simple, 'we're turning this on its head' concept. it is altogether a veeeery grey system that simply exists, and it exists in the way that it always has done since the fall (possibly even before, in heaven's case). it is instead your choice whether or not to be part of that system, if you do not think it is right. if you continue be a part of that system, even if there are stakes involved that would make it difficult or compelling for you to remain and act within that system, you should at least recognise the consequences of your actions, accepting your part in it. this goes for all angels and demons, not just aziraphale and crowley. 'just following orders' may be understandable in some circumstances (e.g. threat to life of yourself or others), but does that mean that you are absolved of all responsibility?
we are, collectively, quick to point out that aziraphale has not fully learnt this, but it's clear that crowley has not either. it also suggests by extension that aziraphale is not always wrong, just as crowley is not always right. where actions-and-consequences are concerned, i'd tentatively wager that aziraphale at least demonstrates a bit more understanding of this than crowley does. aziraphale has been shown to recognise when he is wrong, accept it, and make efforts to correct himself or remedy his erroneous actions moving forward. aziraphale hides the antichrist's location from crowley and holds out hope for a higher power to see reason/do the right thing, but when aziraphale gets the confirmation that heaven isn't going to do the right thing by stopping the apocalypse, the first thing he does is call crowley to tell him about adam. you also then have, as you said, aziraphale physically and figuratively moving to stand with humanity; good and bad are just names for sides, and 'human incarnate' equally embraces both concepts (in their truest meaning) and yet similarly rises above both. this is the side to back; 'our side', to aziraphale, doesn't mean just him and crowley, but humanity too.
alternatively (really grinding at the fall thing here, sorry), even if AWCW did not willfully participate in any goings-on of the rebellion, and the fact that he fell was an incident in which he was blamelessly implicated/scapegoated... well, even then, that does not give him a free-pass for him to continuously believe that he is innocent in all matters that follow. sure, he may have been blameless in the fall, but does that mean he's therefore beyond reproach or above accountability for... everything he does/says that occurs afterwards?
setting up the perfect environment for armageddon? tempting aziraphale to kill the antichrist? giving a group of humans live firearms in order to make a point? abandoning aziraphale and retracting 'our side' when aziraphale asked him for help with hiding gabriel? withholding information from aziraphale that directly concerns him and his safety? i said it in a separate post (mainly because it would have made this one a really ungodly length), but my point remains the same; regardless of his part or not-part in the fall, crowley's character does not develop in this arena, despite incredibly formative experiences that might in fact impart an important lesson upon him*.
*and that lesson - again! - is not that he shouldn't ask questions, but instead that his actions may prove to have consequences that he does not like or want, but must accept anyway, taking accountability for his part in them.
not changing does not mean that he is perfect from (before) the beginning, but instead suggests that he is very comfortable being the same person that he's always been... and in some ways, it's commendable to remain true to oneself, but it's equally not conducive to growth... and crowley still has a lot of growing to do (he has grown since s1: his kindness for one thing absolutely has!).
crowley does not seem to recognise where his lack/refusal of development may have contributed to the breakdown in his and aziraphale's relationship by the end of s2, even if that lack/refusal is not directly referenced in the final fifteen. by this i mean: crowley appears to have a very clear expectation of how he believes aziraphale does - and perhaps should - think and behave. crowley, to crowley's mind, he has the right of it ("crowley knows best"), and that includes him thinking that aziraphale will act in the way he has come to expect as a result of his influence on him. crowley has poked and prodded aziraphale away from heaven's rhetoric and dogma* about what good and right is, which aziraphale desperately needed... but does that mean that aziraphale should replace that belief system with Morality According To Crowley? instead of developing his own ...exactly as aziraphale demonstrates in the final fifteen?
when aziraphale doesn't do what crowley thinks he ought to, instead of crowley considering that his perspective of aziraphale may not actually be reality, he takes it as a betrayal and a rejection of crowley himself. though we won't really know until s3 (and possibly not even then) what crowley was really thinking during the final fifteen, it isn't too impossible a notion that crowley now thinks that aziraphale has chosen heaven over him, and loves heaven more than him. which... after everything that he has seen aziraphale go through, battle, and come to terms with, does he truly think that little of him? that aziraphale would think that little of crowley? if he does, that's an incredibly sad and disappointing prospect. perhaps bold of me to say, but sometimes it seems that there are some specific similarities between crowley and heaven in how they individually view and treat aziraphale.
*whilst crowley encouraging aziraphale to think outside of heaven is a good thing, and aziraphale definitely needs it, it does elicit out a couple of concerning traits from them both that, whilst may be borne from respective senses of powerlessness, they manifest onto each other.
crowley has a hero/saviour complex, which aziraphale encourages. aziraphale encourages it - by his own admission - because he thinks it makes crowley happy. however, what is not clear is whether aziraphale recognises that in allowing this, not only does it potentially suggest that crowley benefits from perceiving aziraphale as incapable of protecting himself, and any ability to protect himself (or indeed crowley! 1941!) threatens what crowley thinks is his place in aziraphale's existence, but also that aziraphale himself is projecting what he doesn't get from heaven/god onto crowley.
it similarly isn't clear whether crowley realises that not only he has been - in part - substituted for god/heaven in aziraphale's eyes because he provides the love, acceptance and confirmation of worth that aziraphale has craved since time immemorial, but also that in keeping information from aziraphale that directly concerns him, crowley is nurturing an environment where aziraphale will make decisions according to the limited information he has. we even have a suggestion of this in the final fifteen: to aziraphale's mind, it won't be crowley that protected him from heaven's threat of erasure from the BOL (ie. crowley didn't tell him), it was the metatron. (and if aziraphale finds out about/puts together, in s3, the sheer amount and scale of information that crowley kept from him, there is going to be the hard conversation of whether trust between them can exist as it has before, built over thousands of years).
just as crowley has an arguably skewed perception of aziraphale, aziraphale has a skewed perception of him in return (the levels of codependency are off the charts, lads). it's not a unique observation to say that they both need this break in order to renegotiate within themselves how they view each other, but it's no less true for being repeated.
#bracing myself for impact#dont say i didnt warn you though#im gonna go make an amv now k thx bye#good omens#ask#aziraphale meta#feral domestic/final fifteen meta
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