#hybrid brinjal varieties

[ratanshisblog]

How To Grow Brinjals In Your Home Garden?

Brinjal is a popular vegetable in the Indian cuisine. It is also known as eggplant, aubergine, or baingan. This is a fruit vegetable that is grown mainly during the warm months and also grown annually. These plants are native to subtropical or tropical regions and can grow in moderate temperatures, like peppers and tomatoes. These fruit vegetables can be grown using organic seeds online in India, or you can also purchase young saplings from a plant nursery in Mumbai like Ratanshi Agro-Hortitech.

1.Growing brinjals in your home garden

Brinjals are available in multiple varieties that vary in size and hues of purple. They can be grown using saplings or seeds. If you want to grow brinjals using seeds, you can buy high-quality organic seeds online in India, like the f1 hybrid brinjal seeds. These seeds grow well in temperatures ranging from 23 to 30 degrees Celsius. You can start soaking the seeds overnight in water and then sow them in small containers for seedlings. Cover them with a 2 to 3-mm pot mix. Water the seed trays lightly to ensure moisture. 

The seedlings will start emerging in six to seven days. Once the seedlings are ready, transplant the seedlings into a grower pot prepared with a potting mix rich in organic manure. Water the grower pots and place them in a spot receiving ample sunlight. 

2. Maintaining your brinjal plants

Brinjals require regular care involving watering, feedings, and misting. These plants also have tiny spines or thorns on their stems, hence one must be careful while tending to the plants.

Watering: Brinjals require frequent and generous watering throughout their growth. These plants can dry out quickly and thus require daily watering, especially during the summer months. It is also advisable to mist the brinjal plant leaves daily, using tepid water to enhance the fruiting process and prevent the growth of red spider mites.

Mulching: Brinjals grow well with a thick mulch layer of compost or manure to contain moisture and avoid weeding.

Fertilizing: The plants require fertilizers rich in potassium once the flowers start appearing. Apply fertilizer to the plant every 15 days, ensuring ample flowers and fruits.

Supporting: Brinjals can be large and heavier on their top and require support. One can use bamboo pipes to add support to the plant. 

Harvesting: Brinjals are ready for harvest 100 days after sowing the seeds. You can pick the fruits once they are fully grown, acquire perfect color, turn ripe, and have a glossy outer layer. If the skin is dull, it means the fruit is over-ripe. Hence, one must pick the fruits in time. One must also be careful while plucking the fruits as the plant has thorns and spines.

3. Additional tips:

Brinjals require loam sandy soil that is rich in organic matter.

Ensure the plants get direct sunlight (5 to 6 hours) daily.

Maintain the soil pH around 5.8 to 6.5.

If you want to use brinjal saplings, ensure you do not opt for weak and tall plants. Also, avoid young plants with blossoms from the plant nursery, or you will not get a good yield.

Aubergines require moderate fertilization.

Experts at Ratanshi Agro-Hortitech also recommend using dark-colored grower pots, ensuring ample absorption of sunlight.

Also, use high-quality pot mix available at plant nurseries, ensuring ample growth and preventing pest attacks.

4. Final thoughts

Brinjals are a great plant for your home garden. Gardeners can expect a great harvest if they choose good quality live plants or organic seeds online. Ratanshi Agro-Hortitech is a leading plant nursery in Mumbai, offering high-quality gardening supplies like pot mixes, seeds, gardening tools, grower pots, and more. The plant nursery also has an online platform that features a range of gardening supplies delivered throughout India. For more information, visit their website today!

[vallabhienterprises]

Verified Agro & Seed Products Manufacturer in Lucknow

With the expertise created in the field of agriculture and as a verified agro & seed products manufacturer in Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India, over the years, along with the right type of research, the Agro division of Vallabhi Enterprises has entered into hybrid vegetable seeds. 

We deal in all major vegetable seeds namely, tomato, chili, cabbage, cauliflower, capsicum, coriander, bhindi, bottle gourd, bitter gourd, ridge gourd, brinjal, cucumber, and watermelon. It is bringing out varieties/hybrids as per the local demands and preferences for particular characteristics in a crop.

[philodendronforming]

Brinjal 

Brinjal 

Brinjal is an annual, erect and non-woody plant. Eggplant belongs to the family of Solanaceae. This vegetable has a bitter taste with a spongy texture. The brinjal plant is called the king of vegetables. Oval-shaped leaves are lobed with hair. Mostly grown in India and Sri Lanka. 

Varieties

The types of brinjal plant are evergreen perennial shrub plants with hairy hard leaves. Popular varieties are such brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri), brinjal plant(spiny) Vellore gold, green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai), pusa purple long, pusa purple round. 

Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri)

Eggplant is purple and white markings. Highly beneficial to control blood sugar. Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri) plant grows wild in its homeland of South Asia as a perennial plant, though these warm season vegetables are treated as annuals. They grow fastest when the temperature is between 20-35 degrees Celsius.

Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold

This solanum variety grows fastest when the temperature is between 20-25 degree Celsius. Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold grow quickly, gaining size faster than tomatoes or peppers. This solanum fruit is light brown which is too shiny to touch. These are the best garden plants.

Green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai)

Solanum melangena contains numerous seeds in one fruit. Green variegated long brinjal are tubular shaped with typical green. It has a good taste and good looking. When compared to other products this eggplant gives quick yield. Planting multiple plants in a pot will also help in better pollination resulting in a huge harvest.

Tender fruit is glossy with purple. Pusa purple long is a hybrid dwarf variety. This fruit can mature between 100-110 days. 

Pusa purple round

Plants are tall with lobed leaves. Sow them as deep as possible as they tend to grow roots from the stem section. Planting them deep will result in a strong root system. Brinjal is a round shape with purple colour. This is disease tolerant-resistant variety.

Flowering

After 20-25 days from the transplant eggplants will start producing buds and flowers.

Soil

Grows best in sandy loam soil, which is rich in nutrients, can hold moisture well and is well draining at the same time. Compost provides nutrients and sand controls moisture.

Watering

During hot days, plants may even need multiple watering a day few the surface of the soil with the use of a hand. Requires evenly moist soil for their healthy growth so, provide regular watering whenever the soil starts to dry up.

Sunlight

Brinjal plant will grow their best when kept in full sun. Requires 5-7 hours of direct sunlight for healthy growth. 3days after transplanting shift the plants to full sun for their healthy growth.

Repotting or transplanting

Prepare eggplant for transplanting in to growbags once the plant has reached at least 4-6 inches in height. Carefully take out the seedling with the help of the gardening tool.

Fertilizer

After every 12-15 days add organic compacts such as cattle manure, Vermicompost and leaf mold. Add 2 handfuls per plant. Feed the plants with seaweed fertilizer. Work it into the first few branches of the soil with a gardening tool and add water immediately after adding fertilizer to the soil.

Pinching

When the plant is small at that time need to pinch the top part to force the plants to branch out/to grow fuller. This will also reduce the overall height of the plant and will keep them compact. Pinch just above a leaf node.

Benefits

Solanum melangena has a very rich source of fibre and carbohydrates.

Solanum melangena is a vegetable as well as a medicinal plant.

Eating brinjal is good for the heart.

It has antioxidants.

Help with weight loss

“Conserve and preserve green”

Brinjal vegetable plant

Blog created by Santhionlineplants

[philoldendronindoor]

Brinjal

Brinjal 

Brinjal is an annual, erect and non-woody plant. Eggplant belongs to the family of Solanaceae. This vegetable has a bitter taste with a spongy texture. The brinjal plant is called the king of vegetables. Oval-shaped leaves are lobed with hair. Mostly grown in India and Sri Lanka. 

Varieties

The types of brinjal plant are evergreen perennial shrub plants with hairy hard leaves. Popular varieties are such brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri), brinjal plant(spiny) Vellore gold, green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai), pusa purple long, pusa purple round. 

Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri)

Eggplant is purple and white markings. Highly beneficial to control blood sugar. Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri) plant grows wild in its homeland of South Asia as a perennial plant, though these warm season vegetables are treated as annuals. They grow fastest when the temperature is between 20-35 degrees Celsius.

Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold

This solanum variety grows fastest when the temperature is between 20-25 degree Celsius. Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold grow quickly, gaining size faster than tomatoes or peppers. This solanum fruit is light brown which is too shiny to touch. These are the best garden plants.

Green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai)

Solanum melangena contains numerous seeds in one fruit. Green variegated long brinjal are tubular shaped with typical green. It has a good taste and good looking. When compared to other products this eggplant gives quick yield. Planting multiple plants in a pot will also help in better pollination resulting in a huge harvest.

Pusa purple long

Tender fruit is glossy with purple. Pusa purple long is a hybrid dwarf variety. This fruit can mature between 100-110 days. 

Pusa purple round

Plants are tall with lobed leaves. Sow them as deep as possible as they tend to grow roots from the stem section. Planting them deep will result in a strong root system. Brinjal is a round shape with purple colour. This is disease tolerant-resistant variety.

Flowering

After 20-25 days from the transplant eggplants will start producing buds and flowers.

Soil

Grows best in sandy loam soil, which is rich in nutrients, can hold moisture well and is well draining at the same time. Compost provides nutrients and sand controls moisture.

During hot days, plants may even need multiple watering a day few the surface of the soil with the use of a hand. Requires evenly moist soil for their healthy growth so, provide regular watering whenever the soil starts to dry up.

Sunlight

Brinjal plant will grow their best when kept in full sun. Requires 5-7 hours of direct sunlight for healthy growth. 3days after transplanting shift the plants to full sun for their healthy growth.

Repotting or transplanting

Prepare eggplant for transplanting in to growbags once the plant has reached at least 4-6 inches in height. Carefully take out the seedling with the help of the gardening tool.

Fertilizer

After every 12-15 days add organic compacts such as cattle manure, Vermicompost and leaf mold. Add 2 handfuls per plant. Feed the plants with seaweed fertilizer. Work it into the first few branches of the soil with a gardening tool and add water immediately after adding fertilizer to the soil.

Pinching

When the plant is small at that time need to pinch the top part to force the plants to branch out/to grow fuller. This will also reduce the overall height of the plant and will keep them compact. Pinch just above a leaf node.

Benefits

Solanum melangena has a very rich source of fibre and carbohydrates.

Solanum melangena is a vegetable as well as a medicinal plant.

Eating brinjal is good for the heart.

It has antioxidants.

Help with weight loss

“Conserve and preserve green”

Brinjal vegetable plant

Blog created by Santhionlineplants

[philodendronleaves]

Brinjal

Brinjal

 

brinjal is an annual, erect and non-woody plant. Eggplant belongs to the family of Solanaceae. This vegetable has a bitter taste with a spongy texture. The brinjal plant is called the king of vegetables. Oval-shaped leaves are lobed with hair. Mostly grown in India and Sri Lanka. 

Varieties

The types of brinjal plant are evergreen perennial shrub plants with hairy hard leaves. Popular varieties are such brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri), brinjal plant(spiny) Vellore gold, green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai), pusa purple long, pusa purple round. 

Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri)

Eggplant is purple and white markings. Highly beneficial to control blood sugar. Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri) plant grows wild in its homeland of South Asia as a perennial plant, though these warm season vegetables are treated as annuals. They grow fastest when the temperature is between 20-35 degrees Celsius.

Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold

This solanum variety grows fastest when the temperature is between 20-25 degree Celsius. Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold grow quickly, gaining size faster than tomatoes or peppers. This solanum fruit is light brown which is too shiny to touch. These are the best garden plants.

Green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai)

Solanum melangena contains numerous seeds in one fruit. Green variegated long brinjal are tubular shaped with typical green. It has a good taste and good looking. When compared to other products this eggplant gives quick yield. Planting multiple plants in a pot will also help in better pollination resulting in a huge harvest.

Pusa purple long

Tender fruit is glossy with purple. Pusa purple long is a hybrid dwarf variety. This fruit can mature between 100-110 days. 

Pusa purple round

Plants are tall with lobed leaves. Sow them as deep as possible as they tend to grow roots from the stem section. Planting them deep will result in a strong root system. Brinjal is a round shape with purple colour. This is disease tolerant-resistant variety.

Flowering

After 20-25 days from the transplant eggplants will start producing buds and flowers.

Soil

Grows best in sandy loam soil, which is rich in nutrients, can hold moisture well and is well draining at the same time. Compost provides nutrients and sand controls moisture.

Watering

During hot days, plants may even need multiple watering a day few the surface of the soil with the use of a hand. Requires evenly moist soil for their healthy growth so, provide regular watering whenever the soil starts to dry up.

Brinjal plant will grow their best when kept in full sun. Requires 5-7 hours of direct sunlight for healthy growth. 3days after transplanting shift the plants to full sun for their healthy growth.

Repotting or transplanting

Prepare eggplant for transplanting in to growbags once the plant has reached at least 4-6 inches in height. Carefully take out the seedling with the help of the gardening tool.

Fertilizer

After every 12-15 days add organic compacts such as cattle manure, Vermicompost and leaf mold. Add 2 handfuls per plant. Feed the plants with seaweed fertilizer. Work it into the first few branches of the soil with a gardening tool and add water immediately after adding fertilizer to the soil.

Pinching

When the plant is small at that time need to pinch the top part to force the plants to branch out/to grow fuller. This will also reduce the overall height of the plant and will keep them compact. Pinch just above a leaf node.

Benefits

Solanum melangena has a very rich source of fibre and carbohydrates.

Solanum melangena is a vegetable as well as a medicinal plant.

Eating brinjal is good for the heart.

It has antioxidants.

Help with weight loss

“Conserve and preserve green”

Brinjal vegetable plant

Blog created by Santhionlineplants

[phildendron]

Brinjal 

Brinjal 

Brinjal is an annual, erect and non-woody plant. Eggplant belongs to the family of Solanaceae. This vegetable has a bitter taste with a spongy texture. The brinjal plant is called the king of vegetables. Oval-shaped leaves are lobed with hair. Mostly grown in India and Sri Lanka. 

Varieties

The types of brinjal plant are evergreen perennial shrub plants with hairy hard leaves. Popular varieties are such brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri), brinjal plant(spiny) Vellore gold, green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai), pusa purple long, pusa purple round. 

Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri)

Eggplant is purple and white markings. Highly beneficial to control blood sugar. Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri) plant grows wild in its homeland of South Asia as a perennial plant, though these warm season vegetables are treated as annuals. They grow fastest when the temperature is between 20-35 degrees Celsius.

Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold

This solanum variety grows fastest when the temperature is between 20-25 degree Celsius. Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold grow quickly, gaining size faster than tomatoes or peppers. This solanum fruit is light brown which is too shiny to touch. These are the best garden plants.

Green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai)

Solanum melangena contains numerous seeds in one fruit. Green variegated long brinjal are tubular shaped with typical green. It has a good taste and good looking. When compared to other products this eggplant gives quick yield. Planting multiple plants in a pot will also help in better pollination resulting in a huge harvest.

Pusa purple long

Tender fruit is glossy with purple. Pusa purple long is a hybrid dwarf variety. This fruit can mature between 100-110 days. 

Pusa purple round

Plants are tall with lobed leaves. Sow them as deep as possible as they tend to grow roots from the stem section. Planting them deep will result in a strong root system. Brinjal is a round shape with purple colour. This is disease tolerant-resistant variety.

Flowering

After 20-25 days from the transplant eggplants will start producing buds and flowers.

Soil

Grows best in sandy loam soil, which is rich in nutrients, can hold moisture well and is well draining at the same time. Compost provides nutrients and sand controls moisture.

Watering

Sunlight

Brinjal plant will grow their best when kept in full sun. Requires 5-7 hours of direct sunlight for healthy growth. 3days after transplanting shift the plants to full sun for their healthy growth.

Repotting or transplanting

Prepare eggplant for transplanting in to growbags once the plant has reached at least 4-6 inches in height. Carefully take out the seedling with the help of the gardening tool.

Fertilizer

After every 12-15 days add organic compacts such as cattle manure, Vermicompost and leaf mold. Add 2 handfuls per plant. Feed the plants with seaweed fertilizer. Work it into the first few branches of the soil with a gardening tool and add water immediately after adding fertilizer to the soil.

Pinching

When the plant is small at that time need to pinch the top part to force the plants to branch out/to grow fuller. This will also reduce the overall height of the plant and will keep them compact. Pinch just above a leaf node.

Benefits

Solanum melangena has a very rich source of fibre and carbohydrates.

Solanum melangena is a vegetable as well as a medicinal plant.

Eating brinjal is good for the heart.

It has antioxidants.

Help with weight loss

“Conserve and preserve green”

Brinjal vegetable plant

Blog created by Santhionlineplants

[philodendronplant]

Brinjal 

Brinjal is an annual, erect and non-woody plant. Eggplant belongs to the family of Solanaceae. This vegetable has a bitter taste with a spongy texture. The brinjal plant is called the king of vegetables. Oval-shaped leaves are lobed with hair. Mostly grown in India and Sri Lanka. 

Varieties

The types of brinjal plant are evergreen perennial shrub plants with hairy hard leaves. Popular varieties are such brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri), brinjal plant(spiny) Vellore gold, green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai), pusa purple long, pusa purple round. 

Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri)

Eggplant is purple and white markings. Highly beneficial to control blood sugar. Brinjal plant (Nattu kaththri) plant grows wild in its homeland of South Asia as a perennial plant, though these warm season vegetables are treated as annuals. They grow fastest when the temperature is between 20-35 degrees Celsius.

Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold

This solanum variety grows fastest when the temperature is between 20-25 degree Celsius. Brinjal plant (spiny) Vellore gold grow quickly, gaining size faster than tomatoes or peppers. This solanum fruit is light brown which is too shiny to touch. These are the best garden plants.

Green variegated long brinjal (Neela pachchai katharikaai)

Solanum melangena contains numerous seeds in one fruit. Green variegated long brinjal are tubular shaped with typical green. It has a good taste and good looking. When compared to other products this eggplant gives quick yield. Planting multiple plants in a pot will also help in better pollination resulting in a huge harvest.

Pusa purple long

Tender fruit is glossy with purple. Pusa purple long is a hybrid dwarf variety. This fruit can mature between 100-110 days. 

Pusa purple round

Plants are tall with lobed leaves. Sow them as deep as possible as they tend to grow roots from the stem section. Planting them deep will result in a strong root system. Brinjal is a round shape with purple colour. This is disease tolerant-resistant variety.

Benefits

Solanum melangena has a very rich source of fibre and carbohydrates.

Solanum melangena is a vegetable as well as a medicinal plant.

Eating brinjal is good for the heart.

It has antioxidants.

Help with weight loss

“Conserve and preserve green”

Brinjal vegetable plant

Blog created by Santhionlineplants

[javaseed01-blog]

Vegetable Production in Low Cost Polyhouse

Agricultural captain,

Polyhouses (plastic greenhouses) are structures that are being used for seasonal harvesting in place of traditional glasshouses. These structures protect plants grown inside despite adverse external environments, and seasonal nursery and crop production Are helpful. Also, the crops produced in poly houses are of good quality.

Poly house structure

There are many types of poly houses depending on the design of the structure. Viz., Vaulted, cave-like, metamorphic cave, slum, etc. The modified cave Numaya hut Numa design in the mountains is more useful. For the structure, GI pipes typically use enamel iron that is strong and durable. Poly houses are also built on inexpensive bamboo structures. 600-800 yards thick ultraviolet light-resistant to the environment. Plastic sheets are used. It is convenient to keep their size 30-100 sqm. There are three types of poly houses depending on the construction cost and control of the environment.

 1. Low Castelli House or Ordinary Poly House: In this, no artificial control is done by the machines on the environment.

2. Medium Cast Poly House: For this, the use of simple equipment for artificial control (to cool or heat).

3. Die-cast polyhouse: It can reduce the temperature, humidity, light, ventilation etc. as per the requirement and take the crop you want in any season.

Choice of vegetables

Poly houses are suitable for off-season production in the same market with high demand in the market and can be sold at a good price. In the hilly region, winter peas, late cauliflower, cabbage, french beans, capsicum, tomato, chili, radish, spinach, etc. crops And during the summer rainy season, fresh cauliflower, ladyfinger, brinjal, chilli, cabbage, and gourd class vegetables can be taken. Depending on the type of plant, cabbage, tomato, chilli etc. can also be planted in the polyhouse to prevent damage from rain. Similarly, gourd class vegetables tomato, brinjal, chilli, for quick fruiting in summer. Capsicum seedlings can also be prepared at Poly House in January.

Advanced varieties

 Tomatoes: Common varieties- Panti-3, Pusagourv Sankarakis- Rupali, Naveen, MTH-15, Avinash-2, Manisha, Nutan

Brinjal: Common varieties- Pantasamrat, Panturutraj, Pusa, Uttam Sankarakis- Pantankarbangan-1, Pusahaybrid-5, Pusahaybrid-6, Pusahaybrid-9

Capsicum: Common varieties - California, Yolvander, Bullnose, Chinese giant hybrid varieties - India, Indira, Lario, Heera, Greengold, DARL-202

Chillies: Pantsi-1, Pusajwala, Poussadbahar, Punjab, Surkha, Agni

Peas: Archil, Pantablimator-3, Pusapragati, VLMater-7

Frenchbean: Pantanupama, Pantbean-2, VL Baunibeen-1, Pusaparvati, Contender

Bhindi: Parbhanikranti, Punjab-7, Araka, Anamika

Cucumber: Common Varieties - Poinset, Japanese Longgreen, Phuleushubhangi Sankar variety - Pantankarkhira, PriADRL-101, US-6125, Maloney

Bottle gourd: General varieties - Pusavveen, Kalyanpura, green long-stemmed varieties - Pantankar gourd-1 and 2, Pusa hybrid-1

Bitter gourd: Pantkarela-1, Kalyanpur Baramasi, Pusado-seasonal

Activities and Care 

Vegetables grown within the polyhouse have to perform all those operations which are adopted in open fields. Dung manure should be used in its entirety. In between, soil decontamination is necessary for which solar energy can be used by laying formaldehyde and other chemical plastic sheets. By increasing the number of plants in each unit area, the plants are appropriate. More production can be obtained from spiny crops by pruning and harvesting. The provision of proper air circulation in ordinary poly houses during the day is necessary. Is.

Yield and income prospects

In the tests conducted at University, sowing of gourd, cucumber, bitter gourd etc. in winter has yielded 18-17 kg vegetables per sqm area. 15-20 kg from tomato planted at the beginning of November and Shimla planted in September. Chilli has yielded 4-10 kg. With the increase in productivity, the quality of the crop has also improved significantly. Sowing of mango, cucumber, bitter gourd, etc. in the tests conducted in the district has yielded 18-17 kg of vegetables per sqm area. 15-20 kg from tomato planted at the beginning of November and capsicum planted in September Yields of 4-10 kg have been obtained from. Along with the increase in productivity, the quality of the crop has also improved significantly. It costs about 30,000 rupees to build a simple playhouse of 100 square meters of Angle Iron. The cost of producing prudent crops can be recovered within the first two years only. Production costs in the subsequent years and plastic sheets in 4 years There is a possibility of earning a lot of profit by remaining the cost of change.

Polyhouses in the mountainous region

In such hilly areas where there is colder and hail and adverse conditions also prevail. There is no growing of vegetables in open conditions, as well as more crop loss in the rainy season. For these places, growing crops under 'Pali Houseglasshouse' provides great benefits and farmers can earn more profit. Various vegetables like tomato, capsicum, cucumber, cabbage, chili, gourd, etc. can be grown successfully in Pali House. Can.

Conclusion 

Polyhouses are being used for seasonal harvesting in place of conventional glasshouses. These structures preserve plants grown inside despite adverse external surroundings, and seasonal nursery and crop production Are helpful. Also, the crops produced in poly houses are of good quality

[getfarm]

12 Profitable Agriculture Business Ideas That Will Make You Money In Your Sleep!

Agriculture is the backbone of every economy. It provides food, materials, and revenue for communities across the globe. The success of any country’s economy depends on the agricultural sector, which makes up just over 80% of all the labour force employed in the world. Since the beginning of humanity and farming, agriculture has been one of the most important occupations. Proper planning and management of the agricultural sector is required to make it sustainable and productive. 

If You’re looking to start a profitable agriculture business, the first thing to be done is deep research on various types of agriculture activities and types of farming to be able to understand what will work well for you and who will be your target audience. 

The following ideas have proven to be profitable and may assist you in getting started!

Organic Produce: In India, we are blessed with varied climates that encourage the growth of a variety of vegetables and fruits such as organic Mangoes, Grapes, Pomegranate, Chillies, Brinjal and many more. In this business, you can earn significant profits as India has a huge market for imported vegetables and fruits. There is a booming demand for organic fruits and vegetables, this may help you set up platforms for organic food or supply to local supermarkets and restaurants. It is important to choose a few areas of organic farming and stick with instead of trying too many, for instance if you are more familiar with mango farming and sapota farming, then stick with produce of this kind only, unless you have resources who can help with other areas of organic farming as well. 

Herbal and Medicinal Plants: India is home to a variety of unique medicinal plants that have been used for a variety of purposes, including treating diseases, creating perfumes, and providing flavours to food. There is a growing demand for herbal solutions for our daily living over chemicals and antibiotics. A thorough research and deep study into herbal medicine can help you do wonders in this line of work. 

Poultry: A good business idea that can be started from your farm is to produce poultry feed such as chicken feed, duck feed, and quail feed. Poultry farming is a great way to generate income with the booming demand for organic meat everywhere. You can sell to nearby markets or direct households. Farm bred meat has become a delicacy across the world and has the potential to bring back excellent returns.

Flower Business: One of the largest businesses worldwide is the flower business. Every occasion calls for  a bouquet of flowers, a wedding, a birthday, graduation, an appology or congratulations? Flowers are one of the best ways to earn money. They can be grown, processed, and sold.

Agriculture Seeds: A business in agriculture seeds is one where you can never go wrong, since it has a huge market demand. A farmer always looks for seeds that produce high yields, making for a good harvest, and you can provide them with these seeds, such as hybrids and paddy. You can be a supplier of such seeds to enable farming activities. 

Bee Keeping: The beekeeping business opportunity requires constant monitoring and close supervision. Globally, honey demand is growing due to a growing awareness of health issues. It is a profitable venture to start with little startup capital to sell honey and other products like wax.

Wheat Farming: Wheat farming is another highly profitable business idea that can be started on a small scale. Its produce, such as wheat flour, bread, and biscuits, can be sold to nearby markets or retail shops for a great income.

Fish Farming: Fish farming is a lucrative investment that can generate income throughout the year.Modern techniques and owning space can help an entrepreneur start this business at a moderate cost.

Dairy Farming: Dairy farming is one of the most profitable agricultural business ideas. Aside from milk, it also produces manure. There is a high demand for organic dairy products all year round such as milk, cheese, curd, cream and so much more. Increasing milk production through profitable dairy farming has great potential.

Spices: Spice processing has seen a boost in recent years due to rising global demand. The demand for good quality processed spices is very high. The methods of processing and packaging are not very complex. Moreover, the margins are very satisfying in spice processing.

Soybean Farming: The commercial processing of soya beans for the production of milk, soy flour, soy sauce, soy oil, natto, etc is an extremely profitable agriculture business concept to start with a moderate investment. You can cultivate soybean farming on your own farmland and supply to local markets or e-portals. 

Rice Farming: Rice is considered the staple food for a large human population in the world. It is considered  as one of the largest produced commodoties and there will always be demand for rice. Being a basic need, it can generate excellent profits throughout the year. 

You can now buy your own fully developed farms to be able to cultivate various profitable agriculture activities with lesser hassle. Getfarms brings you well maintained, fully developed farms at affordable prices. You can plan and strategize at the comfort of your own farm while being your own boss!

[ratanshisblog]

Organic Vegetable Seeds Selection: All You Need to Know

In case of a failed vegetable crop, gardeners often wonder what went wrong with their plant. From fertilizing issues to plant care, gardeners often consider these factors for their harvest failure. However, at times, seeds are also the issue, and more often than not, gardeners do not know how to select high-quality organic seeds online for their plants. The following article will help choose the best organic seeds for your vegetable garden and help you enjoy a healthy harvest.

Selection of organic seeds

First things first! Select which vegetables you would like to grow in your home garden. Make a list of your family favorites. Collect additional information about their care and maintenance and arrive at a decision.

Select the vegetables per space. For instance, vegetables like peas, tomatoes, and brinjals can grow in grower pots. On the other hand, crops like carrots or onions need a bigger space or a yard. The same is the case with fruits and vegetables like pumpkins. They require additional infrastructure like a trellis for their creepers to climb.

Consider the harvest time. If you want to enjoy your garden vegetables frequently, leafy vegetables like lettuce are the best, or even some salad greens. You can easily plant palak using palak seeds available at a plant nursery. Peas and tomatoes are another great option, if you want to enjoy some fresh seasonal veggies.

2. Selecting organic vegetable seeds for your garden

Now that you know some of the basic prerequisites for selection, it's time to consider the seeds. You can either directly sow organic seeds available online at a plant nursery or opt for transplants from nursery plants in Mumbai available at a wholesale plant nursery near you. Since this article is about organic seeds, we will simply focus on using vegetable seeds for your vegetable garden.

Seed selection per season

You can directly sow seeds in your grower pots by following the instructions on the palak seeds packet or any other seeds packet. You can select from:

Winter season plants like palak, peas, beets, carrots, etc.

Summer season vegetable plants like pumpkins, cucumbers, beans, etc.

3. Choosing organic seeds

We often hear organic is the best as it is sustainable, healthy, and affordable. Select organic seeds online in Mumbai, available at Ratanshi Agro-Hortitech, is the best way to ensure you opt for high-quality and safe vegetable seeds. These seeds are also the best choice if you are into organic gardening or a beginner. However, sometimes time is not as easy as it sounds, especially when reading words like heirloom and hybrid on an organic seed packet. 

4. Heirloom vegetable seeds

These vegetable seeds come from over 50-year-old plants, ensuring you are growing similar vegetable varieties grown by the previous generations. These seeds are either open or self-pollinated.

5. Hybrid vegetable seeds

These seeds are a cross between plant species. The cross is created using the best qualities of different plants to get a hybrid variety. For instance, some plants have good pest and disease resistance. These qualities are added to the desired plant, ensuring a healthy yield. However, with hybrid seeds, you have to purchase new seeds for your vegetable plants next time and cannot use plant seeds that come from your plants. 

6. Additional tips for growing vegetables using organic seeds online in India:

Plant both winter and summer season vegetables to enjoy a healthy harvest throughout the year.

For cold-season vegetables select from beetroots, carrots, radishes, lettuce, potatoes, peas, cabbage, and palak seeds.

For warm-season veggies select from cucumbers, pumpkins, spinach, peppers, tomatoes, and eggplants.

7. Final thoughts

Still not sure about the right organic seeds for your garden? Visit Ratanshi Agro-Hortitech, a plant nursery in Mumbai, India. The experts at the wholesale plant nursery will help you select the best organic seeds online in India and other gardening supplies like coco peat for plants per your requirements.

[gardeningmantrasblog]

Some Tips and Varieties of Okra

The Scientific name of Okra is Abelmoschus esculentus from the Malvaceae family. It has other names too such as Ladies finger or Bhindi.

This plant belongs to tropical and subtropical regions where the temperature remains warm. These are native to Asia and Africa.

Okra is a flowering plant and usually grown as a vegetable, but it can also be grown as a decorative plant that literally gives a bold statement to the outdoor space.

Okra is a rich source of Vitamin C, Vitamin K, dietary fibers, and carbohydrates and helps in curing diabetes as well.

Tips for Growing Okra

Here are some basic tips that help to get more yield from the plant and grow them healthier.

Always sow your okra seeds during the evening as it will result in more healthy growth of the plants. They are basically self-pollinating plants.

Regular harvesting of okra pods enhances more pod production and also prunes the lower leaves to get more yield as well.

You can check whether the vegetable is tender or not by breaking the tips or slightly bending the tips of the vegetable. If it is easily breakable then they are tender and of good quality.

The best plants that can be grown along with okra are cucumber, bell peppers, brinjal, and melons. But do not grow them along with potatoes, tomatoes, cabbage, or broccoli.

These plants are drought resistant but cannot tolerate frost and hence winter is not the right time to grow this vegetable.

Mulching of soil in Okra is beneficial for the plant as it helps retain moisture as well as in weed reduction. The best mulching material is pine straw.

It is better to directly sow the seeds as transplanting may harm the roots because the roots are delicate for these plants.

Always use organic fertilizer for the plant as it will continuously supply the plant with adequate nutrients and make the soil fertile as well.

Varieties of Okra

Apart from regular Okra, there are some other varieties that you can choose from.

Annie Oakley

Growing 3 to 4 feet tall, this hybrid plant provides a good harvest.

Burgundy

A plant that reaches a height of around 4 feet and has a deep reddish-brown seed pod that loses some of its colors after cooking.

Clemson Spineless

Heritable plants known for their good flavor, growing up to 5 feet tall, are known for their good flavor.

Emerald

Spineless heirloom plants that grow to around 4 feet, these have especially long seed pods measuring 7 to 9 inches long.

White Velvet

A tender white pod is present on this heirloom plant which grows to a height of 5 feet.

Conclusion

So these are some tips and varieties of Okra or Ladies Finger plant that will definitely help you in growing and choosing one of the varieties for your vegetable garden.

[digitalgaanv]

Check out this post… "बैगन की उन्नत हाईब्रिड किस्में hybrid varieties of brinjal, रोग कम और उत्पादन ज्यादा।".

[indianfarming-blog]

Why We Love Brinjal Farming (And You Should, Too!)

Why We Love Brinjal Farming (And You Should, Too!)

Brinjal Farming is no doubt a successful business that provides instant money. A comprehensive guide, to show How to start Brinjal Farming and Learn about varieties of brinjal as well tips about Soil, controlling diseases and more. First, let’s talk about Health Benefits of Brinjal Brinjal comes with different health benefits for youth as well for adults few of them as following: 1. Brinjal is…

[juniperpublishers-agriculture]

Screening of Six Parents and 15 Cross Combinations against Bacterial Wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum)-Juniper Publishers

The study on the screening for resistance to bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) of six parents and 15 cross combinations/hybrids were evaluated under artificial epiphytotic conditions at the Plant Pathology lab and glass house of Plant Pathology Section of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BAIR), Gazipur, Bangladesh during the period from September 2016-17 to develop high yielding F1 eggplant varieties resistant to bacterial wilt. Amongst the six parents and 15 hybrids, six hybrids viz., F1 4x17, F1 4x5, F1 18x17, F1 3x17, F1 3x5, F1 17x5 showed resistant (R) reaction. The cross F1 3x17, F1 17x5 exhibited the lowest percent of wilt (10%) followed by F1 4x17 (16.67 %), F1 3x5 (13.33 %). In case of parents, three parents showed resistant (R) reaction viz. BL083 (20.00% wilting), BL081 (16.67% wilting) and BLS2 (16.67% wilting). Incubation period ranges from 4 days to 12 days. The lowest incubation period (4 days) was observed form the parent BL034 followed by Islampuri (5 days) and Uttara (6 days), hybrids F1 4x14 (6 days) and F1 18x14 (6 days).

Keywords: Ralstonia solanacearum; Hybrids; Epiphytotic; Plant Pathology; Horticulture

Abbreviations: HRC: Horticulture Research Centre; BAIR: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute; TZC: Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride; CRD: Completely Randomized Design; HR: Highly Resistant; MR: Moderately Resistant; MS: Moderately Susceptible; HS: Highly Susceptible

    Introduction

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum [1], synonym Pseudomonas solanacearum Smith (1914), is widespread in the tropical, subtropical and temperate region, where it represents a major constraint to the production of numerous crops [2,3]. Recent reviews showed the very extensive host range of R. solanacearum which includes several hundred species representing about 53 families of plants [4]. Host species include ornamentals, weeds and important crops such as tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) potato (Sonalum tuberosum L.) eggplant (Solanum melongena? L.), chilli pepper (Capsicum spp.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), ginger (Zingiber officinale L.), peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) etc.

The incidence of soil borne diseases particularly bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum E.F. Sm. is the most limiting factor to produce eggplant in Bangladesh. Not only in Bangladesh, bacterial wilt is a disease of world wide importance in eggplant production [5]. An early crop of eggplant is very profitable for the farmers in Bangladesh, but the early crop is particularly vulnerable to this disease. Once the eggplants are affected by bacterial wilt, they die within three to four days. The organism when injected in the susceptible hosts through the root systems cause vascular wilt and ultimate death of the plant [6]. The characteristics symptoms of bacterial wilt in most hosts are wilting, stunting and yellowing of the foliage. With susceptible infected eggplants, the most striking symptom is the rapid and complete wilting of the plants following field infection. Distinct epinasty of the petioles prior to wilting may be apparent if disease development is slow. Internal symptoms include discoloration of vascular tissue and decay of portions of the pith at the advanced stages of infection. It is the most destructive bacterial plant pathogen especially in the warm regions [6]. In recent years, bacterial wilt has become a great problem for eggplant cultivation in Bangladesh. The main effort to control this disease has been directed towards the development of resistance cultivars. But available information suggests that very few of the cultivars were reported as resistant to this disease. Various attempts to control bacterial wilt of different crops have been reported [7] but success was limited. Breeding for resistance, therefore, remains the best control strategy, even though varietal resistance differs in different localities due to extreme variability and adaptation of the pathogen [8].

The grafting of cultivated variety on wild brinjal root-stock can successfully control the disease [9], but grafting technology is not well adopted to the farmers due to some technological aspects and it is some time troublesome. So, development of disease resistant cultivar is the easiest way to solve the problem, but development of disease resistant variety is not easy. Many workers are still working in the world to develop disease resistant variety. The development of resistant cultivars for the control of bacterial wilt has been successful in the case of tobacco and peanut [3]. Many cultivars of tomato are resistant for certain environments, but their resistance was not stable under conditions of high temperature and humidity in the lowland tropics. Similarly, some chilli accessions which were found to be resistant in India were susceptible in Japan [10]. Thus, the development of resistant variety in specific locations of the crops to certain pathogen remained a continuous process. Available information suggests that no appreciable attempt has yet been made to study the local as well as the available exotic plant material against bacterial wilt resistance in Bangladesh. Besides, no hybrid variety has been screened against bacterial wilt disease. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the performance of the hybrid variety against bacterial wilt disease.

Materials and Methods

The present study was carried out to find out the resistance against bacterial wilt of the 15 cross combinations/hybrids and six parents and screened them to find out suitable cross combination of inbred lines for developing hybrid variety with high yield and wilting resistant. The materials required and methodology are described below under the following sub-heading.

Experimental site

The present experiment was conducted at the Plant Pathology lab and glass house of Plant Pathology Section of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BAIR), Gazipur, Bangladesh during the period from September 2016-17.

Materials: Six parents and 15 cross combinations/hybrids total 21 eggplant genotypes were used in this experiment. The parents were selected not only based on high yield and other yield contributing characters and quality but also on the basis bacterial wilt resistant. Therefore, the selected parents exhibited some degrees of resistant and the main objective of the experiment was to find out how the intensity of resistance turns to the hybrids form the parents.

Seeding production: Seeds of the parents and cross combinations were sown in steel tray containing sterilized soils mixture (soil: sand: compost) in the ratio of 3: 2: 1 on 1st September 2016. Before sowing, the seeds were treated with GA3 solution (100ppm) for 24 hours at room temperature for quick and uniform germination. Seedlings were germinated on trays with sterilized soils mixture for a period of ten days. Ten days after seed germination young seedlings were transferred to the individual plastic pot (9cm diameter) containing sterilized soil mixed with 50% organic matter (v/v).

Bacterial cultures, preparation of inoculum and stock cultures: Pure culture of R. solanacearum strain used in this study was isolated form wilted eggplant showing typical symptoms of bacterial wilt form the research field of Plant Pathology Section, HRC, BARI. The pathogen on isolation on triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TZC) agar medium [6] yielded grayish white, fluidal colonies with light pink centers. After purification, the isolate was characterized as race1 according to pathogenicity and host range [2], and biochemical test [4]. The identification of the isolates was also confirmed by Cock’s Postulate. All isolates were kept as stock culture in lyophilized form and in 5ml sterilized tap water kept at 15 ˚C. Before preparation of inoculum, the bacteria was streaked on TZC from the stock culture. The inoculum was prepared by culturing the virulent and fluidal colony of R. solanacearum on casamino acid-peptone-glucose (CPG) agar medium.

Experimental design

The plants of 15 cross combinations and six parents were arranged in the glass house following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications and ten plants were inoculated in each replication. Line to line and plant to plant distance were maintained 30cm and 25cm respectively. The plants were inoculated when they were approximately 35 days old (15 days after transplanting in plastic pot).

Inoculation: Suspension of R. solanacearum was prepared form the stock culture which was grown on CPG for 48 hours at 300C. A sterile toothpick was used to inoculate the bacterial suspension containing approximately 2.0  108cfu/ml (colony forming unit per milliliter) was inserted at the axil of 3rd fully expanded leaf of the plants. Plants were observed regularly for the initiation of symptoms of wilt, incubation period, 25% and 50% plant wilt (days after inoculation). After recording the 50% wilted plant data regularly, data recorded at seven days interval and final data recorded at 42 days after inoculation. The initiation of the first wilt-symptoms after inoculation and the number of wilted plants for each accession was recorded and graded on a 0-5 rating scale of Winstead & Kelman [5] with some modifications. The modified rating scale is;

0 = Plants did not show any symptoms of wilt; highly resistant (HR)

1 = 1 - 20% plants wilted; resistant (R)

2 = 21 - 40% plants wilted; moderately resistant (MR)

3 = 41 - 60% plants wilted; moderately susceptible (MS)

4 = 61 - 80% plants wilted; susceptible (S)

5 = more than 80% plants wilted; highly susceptible (HS)

The reaction of the hybrids and parents were categorized as highly resistant, resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible to highly susceptible, depending on the percentage of wilt of the plants. The incubation period, time taken to produce 25% and 50% wilt at days after inoculation (DAI) were also recorded. Final data on wilting (recorded at 42 DAI) were converted into percent wilt and the reaction of the genotypes was graded on a 0-5 rating scale according to Winstead & Kelman [5].

Results and Discussion

The reaction of the eggplant parents and hybrids against bacterial wilt shown in Table 1. It was revealed form the result reaction against bacterial wilt exhibited different degrees of variation. Among the 15 cross combinations, six hybrids showed resistant (R), seven hybrids showed moderately resistant (MR) and two hybrids showed moderately susceptible (MS) reaction against wilting. But in case of the parents three showed resistant (R) and three parents showed moderately susceptible (MS) reaction against wilting.

N.B. 4 = Uttara, 18 = Islampuri, 3 = BL083, 17 = BL081, 5 = BLS2, 14 = BL034

*0 = Plants did not show any symptoms of wilt, highly resistant (HR); 1 = 1 - 20% plants wilted, resistant (R); 2 = 21 - 40% plants wilted, moderately resistant (MR); 3 = 41 - 60% plants wilted, moderately susceptible (MS); 4 = 61 - 80% plants wilted, susceptible (S); 5 = more than 80% plants wilted; highly susceptible (HS).

Among the 15 hybrids six hybrids viz., F1 4x17, F1 4x5, F1 18x17, F1 3x17, F1 3x5, F1 17x5 showed resistant (R) reaction. The cross F1 3x17, F1 17x5 exhibited the lowest percent of wilt (10%) followed by F1 4x17 (16.67 %), F1 3x5 (13.33 %). The 20.00% wilting was observed form hybrids F1 4x5, F1 18x17. Seven hybrids showed moderately resistant (MR) reaction against bacterial wilt disease and the percent wilting plants ranged from 23.33 to 40.00%. The hybrids exhibited 23.33% wilting were F1 4x3, F1 18x5; 26.67% wilting observed form the hybrids F1 18x3, F1 17x14; 36.67% form F1 3x14, F1 5x14 and 40.00% from F1 4x18. Moderately susceptible (MS) reaction showed only by two hybrids they were F1 4x14 (43.33% wilting) and F1 18x14 (46.67% wilting).

In case of parents, three parents showed resistant (R) reaction viz. BL083 (20.00% wilting), BL081 (16.67% wilting) and BLS2 (16.67% wilting). Three parents exhibited moderately susceptible (MS) reaction they were Uttara (43.33% wilting), Islampuri (46.67% wilting) and BL034 (56.67% wilting). Rahman [9] reported from an experiment against bacterial wilt (R. solanacearum) that line BL081 showed resistant reaction while the genotypes BL099 showed moderately resistant reaction. Six genotype BL117, ISD011, ISD001, BLS18, BLS2 and Tarapuri (hybrid variety) were found moderately susceptible to bacterial wilt.

From the above discussion it was revealed that the hybrids along with the parents BL083, BL081 and BLS2 showed resistant to moderately resistant reaction against bacterial wilt and increased the resistant reaction against the disease intensity. All the hybrids performed better than the lower parent and mid parent and sometime better parent also. When the parent crossed with BL034 performance was not satisfactory. Among the 15 cross combinations the hybrids F1 3x17, F1 17x5, F1 4x17, F1 3x5, F1 4x5, F1 18x17 performed better and showed resistant reaction (R; wilting 0-20% plant) than other hybrids against bacterial wilt disease. Rashid et al. screened twenty-three local and exotic cultivars of eggplant and three wild relatives of the crop against bacterial wilt in the glass house. The wild relatives Sonalum mammosum was found resistant while the cultivar Dingaras Multiple Purple and Khakhatia long were found moderately resistant, the cultivars Nayankazal, Kahkhatia round, Tiwan naga, Nagasaki naga and Kurume naga were found moderately susceptible, while the rest of the cultivars as highly susceptible to bacterial wilt.

Mochizuki & Yamakawa [11] studied the resistant of selected eggplant cultivars and wild Solanum species to bacterial wilt. They reported that among eggplant cultivars tested “Dingras Multiple Purple” (from India) and “Aubergine” (form USA) showed higher resistant to bacterial wilt “Taiwan naga” one of the most resistant cultivars in Japan. Eggplant varieties No. 1 (from Malaysia) and “Sinampiro”, “Makiling” and “Mayon” (form the Philippines) showed resistance like that of “Tiwan naga”.

Incubation period ranges from 4 days to 12 days (Table 2). The lowest incubation period (4 days) was observed form the parent BL034 followed by Islampuri (5 days) and Uttara (6 days), hybrids F1 4x14 (6 days) and F1 18x14 (6 days). The highest days (12) for incubation was recorded for hybrids F1 4x17 and F1 17x5 followed by F1 3x17 (11 days), parent BL081 (11 days). Form the discussion it was revealed that moderately susceptible genotypes required fewer days (4 to 6 days) and moderately resistant to resistant genotypes required more days (7 to 12 days) for incubation.

N.B. 4 = Uttara, 18 = Islampuri, 3 = BL083, 17 = BL081, 5 = BLS2, 14 = BL034

*DAI = Days after inoculation.

Only parent BL034 exhibited 56.67% wilting and days after incubation was nine days. The rest of the other resistant, moderately resistant and moderately susceptible genotypes did not show 50% wilt even at 42 days after inoculation. Among the 15 cross combinations 13 hybrids did not show 25% wilting and among the six parents three parent did not 25% wilting at final data collection (42 DAI). Six hybrids exhibited 25% wilting within 8 to 12 days and three parents showed 25% wilting within 6 to 11 days.

Conclusion

Pure culture of R. solanacearum strain used in this study was isolated form wilted eggplant showing typical symptoms of bacterial wilt form the research field. Considering the reaction to Ralstonia solanacearum the six parents and 15 hybrids, six hybrids viz., F1 4x17, F1 4x5, F1 18x17, F1 3x17, F1 3x5, F1 17x5 showed resistant (R) reaction. The cross F1 3x17, F1 17x5 exhibited the lowest percent of wilt (10%) followed by F1 4x17 (16.67 %), F1 3x5 (13.33 %). In case of parents, three parents showed resistant (R) reaction viz. BL083 (20.00% wilting), BL081 (16.67% wilting) and BLS2 (16.67% wilting). Incubation period ranges from 4 days to 12 days (Table 2). The lowest incubation period (4 days) was observed form the parent BL034 followed by Islampuri (5 days) and Uttara (6 days), hybrids F1 4x14 (6 days) and F1 18x14 (6 days).

To know more about Journal of Agriculture Research- https://juniperpublishers.com/artoaj/index.php

To know more about open access journal publishers click on Juniper publishers