#hostile attribution bias
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sharonisthebettercarter Ā· 1 year ago
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we need to have an honest conversation about hostile attribution bias, honesty, and bullying.
@deliciouskeys i've had enough of this shit. you wanted to piss me off. now i'm pissed the fuck off.
hey, hiiii. friends of hers? critics? whoever you are reading this and willing to hear me out, i just wanna start by saying don't hate on her or anyone for this. don't send harassment, don't send anon hate, don't even unfollow her if you do read this all the way and find yourself upset with the topics discussed or her actions.
or maybe you wouldn't anyway, and you've already decided i'm insane, fine. but if you are friends of hers, don't barrage her with verbal abuse of any kind even if you are disappointed or disgusted, i'm not about that. and good friends won't just coddle and take your side to enable the bullshit, but they won't try to hurt you when you're down either
and to clarify what this is? it is a harsh criticism of ongoing behavior i have faced from her behind the scenes. or out in the open i suppose but mostly unseen or dismissed.
yes, i have the motherfucking receipts. i've tried to condense them to what i found most relevant to the topics at hand without clipping the interactions so much that they would give a biased misrepresentation, but all conversations as of this moment and to the best of my knowledge are still available to view in full context. mine certainly won't be deleted.
i may have some bad takes sometimes cause i'm as perfect as anyone, which is to say NOT AT ALL. but i'll readily admit that and the fact that i work on it, CONSTANTLY. and before anyone decides to dig through my shit to see if they can find dirt on me IRRELEVANT to this situation to DISTRACT from what's being called out?
all i ask is a fair chance and moment of your time to show you what i've been through, because it's something she never gave me from day one. and bear in mind please, that i am pissed off because it's gone on long enough and now she's trying to drag my friends into it while CONTINUING TO LIE BEHIND MY BACK and feign fucking ignorance.
no more.
deliciouskeys? you. yes you, i am addressing you directly this time. i gave you a peace offering with the mike sully meme, and you just kept going.
since i poked my head into the boys fandom, you have been hostile to me, LIED about me, put words in my mouth, accused me of hostility towards you, assumed my intent while not only withholding the benefit of a doubt, but consistently. consistently putting me down and insulting me as some sort of estranged fandom villain who only exists or popped up to oppose you or ruin everything.
i'm not a fucking cartoon character, i am a person. i do not exist to supplant you or whatever weird shit you keep imagining me to be that makes you act like this.
almost every single thing i say to you, instead of actually LISTENING or i dunno, READING IT AT FACE VALUE, you take. hyperanalyze. and immediately give it the WORST interpretation you can. and that's if i'm lucky.
i'm not here for fandom wars and shipping bullshit. i'm not here for your false dichotomy fantasy. i'm here to be a bullshit shipper and have fun and try to get others to be more open and have fun too. maybe throw in a psa here and there for the things i find important.
i'm not here to get fucking bullied either or to watch others get bullied. you can take your assumed hostility and narcissistic PROJECTION and shove it straight up your ass if you think i'm going to tolerate it.
and what is 'hostile attribution bias'? it's this shit.
oh, and you don't have to assume it anymore. i'm fucking hostile. why am i hostile? oh... at this point, i KNOW you KNOW. but not everyone else does, so let's just lay it all out and let others draw their own conclusions. hm?
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this was what set you off, right? the automatic assumption that this was someone i knew, looking out for me? i suppose that's possible but that doesn't mean i know exactly who it was or that i put them up to it.
and y'know, i might have even said that anon was a bit harsh and still given you the benefit of a doubt. anon was ANGRY and that's clear, but plausible deniability is so wonderful, isn't it?
but you've gone beyond that point. it wouldn't be the first time someone's noticed your behavior, and i can guarantee that. our first conversation was on my post about the comics and what they meant to me, sparked from an interaction i had with another fan of the show who refused to read the comics but still insulted them directly to me.
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the bottom piece is from the post, the top would be the snippet of conversation with the other person prior. all of these are highlighted with slightly adjusted coloring for ease of understanding who's who. and granted, you could argue that i jumped the gun in my first response to you, but then you accused me of being hostile towards people who allegedly read and disliked them. and i had done no such thing, i literally was not addressing those people at all.
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that was the first time you put words in my mouth, lied about what i said, and 'villainized' me for 'attacking people' made of straw i might add, when the post itself SPECIFICALLY STATED:
MISCONCEPTION.
so not the people, but the IDEA. an actually legitimately incorrect idea given context. i could go into a rant about how the comics cover one of the single most important and detrimental concepts to humanity (the war machine) and how american media is so piss watered down, propagandized and censored for babies and pearl clutching old people (and before you clutch your pearls over me 'attacking' babies and the elderly, i am not. i am criticizing AMERICAN MEDIA and PURITAN MENTALITY) that the comic itself was relatively tame outside of the american world view bubble, but that's not the point here, is it.
the 'many many' actually refers to people off of tumblr too, though i'm sure there's a fair share here of that mindset as it's found everywhere with everything. even then, i don't condemn the people. minds can be changed for ideas, that was what i was trying to do. maybe i need better methods and i can admit that.
still you chose to lie to my face or what, attempt to gaslight me?? whatever it was, it was enough for someone ELSE to step in and literally ask if you were BULLYING me.
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and me, being the naive fucking moron that i am and thinking we ended on a nice punny note and the conversation wasn't so bad STILL gave YOU the benefit of a doubt.
did you extend the same courtesy to me later on? well, let's see.
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no. no you did not. snippets of a convo from an anon ask you got on a proposed canon butchlander from when i tried to join in, you immediately accused me of things i have never said or done or even implied. and when i called you out on it, you immediately apologized (good on you, not included here but i DO acknowledge it and DID appreciate it) and i thought, "oh cool! we must be explaining ourselves to try and better understand each other so this doesn't happen again."
only for you to then backtrack and jump back on that ASSUMED HOSTILITY shit you seem to just LOVE huffing. but just for me i gather. maybe a couple others that i haven't seen or don't know about.
considering this is just the stuff i DO know about.
moving on.
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you have questions? oh, what a cowinkydink, i have answers. if only you had just ASKED ME DIRECTLY INSTEAD OF PUTTING WORDS IN MY MOUTH AND LYING.
but to give some clarification to the numbered ones.
love the framing here. OF COURSE, WE are ONLY here to be a NUISANCE. must be nice being a real human who can interact with others instead of solely "bother" them. if you'd actually read the post, you might have seen it was about the BULLYING itself, not the bullshit that apparently makes you rabid enough to be a bully. great use of being obtuse.
stop putting words in my mouth. stop fucking lying about me. stop assuming my intentions. stop painting me for your weird ass personal agenda or vendetta. stop making up bullshit about me when you haven't taken two seconds to get to know me. i did no such thing as 'slur the cishets'. proof is in the fucking pudding.
ahhh... i understand why you don't block people. and i think i'm understanding the insidious behavior and bullying too. you're disgusting to people who you don't want to see the content of so that they'll block you while you get to pretend you're still on your little high horse of being the "less petty" or "bigger" person. and that way you don't have to see their content anymore, right? having your cake, and eating it too. it's smart. it looks good on you as long as people don't see the behavior, like you might actually want to solve problems.
although, if i'm to understand all this correctly, you don't want to given the continued hostility towards me regardless of what i do or say. am i getting this, more of that delectable plausible deniability? or am i giving you too much credit? do you even want the benefit of a doubt at this point? because you stated before you'd rather be considered evil than stupid.
oh, my mistake, "disgusting" than "ignorant". let me not do what you do and put words in your mouth. clarify for me, if you want to.
personally, i think ignorance is more forgivable than malice because at least the uninformed can learn better, while those with ill intent will seek to harm again, but to each their own i guess.
and if you actually have brain damage over a nonsensical but ultimately harmless shit joke online, i'd suggest seeking actual help from a doctor because that isn't normal. but i'm going to be generous and say maybe it was a bit much or gave you a recurring nightmare or something, i don't know you, in which case yeah, get help if you need it. i take mental health very seriously so i'm not joking or being sarcastic here. happy healing and sorry for the trouble if that's the case on this specific thing.
but oh! you just don't want to see it, right? TOO BAD BITCH, I GOT MORE TO GIVE AND YOU CAN'T STOP ME!!
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and i don't have a problem with you writing your personal views about a pairing, any pairing. if that were all you had done, we probably wouldn't be having this conversation or, if you don't care i suppose i wouldn't be screaming into the void.
but you explicitly stated your point of view was "pretty common", that defaults my view as "uncommon" or in other words, "others" me and those who like bottom billy. don't you dare deny that when you know for a fact it's true.
then citing reasons for why you believed your view was more "accurate". you then went on to claim you were "baffled" when if that were true and you were actually interested in TRYING to UNDERSTAND? YOU WOULD HAVE JUST FUCKING ASKED ME DIRECTLY.
not that i would owe you an explanation or apology, or anything. but i'd have been NICE enough to try and answer anyway to the best of my ability. here, i'll do it now.
i'm not a big fan of bottom homie for the same reasons i'm not at all a fan of (show) homewell. apart from the whole superdick/compressing anus thing, narcissistic abuse/grooming and exploiting someone's trauma for a toxic kink is not only a huge turn off for me, it's super fucking triggering based on my experiences and what i have been through. i've had enough people looking down on me and telling me they "know what's best for me" while trying to rob me of my humanity and use me for their gain.
the funny thing is that i relate to homie in that sense but consider myself a total bottom who also LOVES the 'dom mommy' in certain context, but i also share a lot of similarities with butcher as well and know they both have a lot of very intense differences from me. and homie has a fucking vibrator for a dick. you CANNOT make me want to miss a chance for that, it's just not going to happen. and if i ever want to explore any form of 'grooming' kink from a personal place? i'll stick to thanos and mistress death, thanks.
i also don't find toxic masculinity sexy, that's a red fucking flag for me more glaring than the entirety of homelander, i find POSITIVE masculinity far sexier and true 'top' like. MM has the most of that in my opinion and is the sexiest man on the show, besides the guy who plays black noir under the mask.
i also fully understand the kink on the other end, y'all wanna baby him cause he's never had a mommy and longs for some kind of nurturing parental love, and y'all also wanna fuck him cause he's hot. so ya smash the two together and embrace the infantilization kink (which is seriously not my thing)
and listen, more power to ya. if that's what you like, enjoy it. i'm not judging. i just don't have the same fucking taste and i'm entitled to that. i don't understand why you have to comment on it or be "baffled" by the idea that people can be different from you.
for the record, i don't want to smash the two ideas together, i want to help homie SEPARATE and DEMUDDLE the legitimate problems and confusion in his brain that makes him so vulnurable to women's manipulations, and help him grow the fuck up without wanting to fuck his own mother (if he hasn't already) or keep him baby minded forever. i want to untap his potential and see the man he can/would become depending on circumstance.
because i like redemption and character growth and am a sucker for second chances regardless of liking dark media, and there's a huge difference between "i like you" and " i like that you like me".
that requires a more careful handling than anything suface level, but regardless i don't enjoy exploiting trauma kinks or reinforcing toxic masculinity any more than i would enjoy yiff or snuff. i wouldn't judge someone for having the taste as long as no one real got hurt. but that doesn't mean i have to have their taste.
stop kink shaming me or being "confused" by my preference, i haven't done the same to you. and before you pretend you haven't or that i have.
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if you were "seriously trying to understand" you would again, ASK ME DIRECTLY instead of this roundabout bullshit where you talk about it and 'how confused or tired' you are, but can't be bothered to take two fucking seconds to JUST ASK for a more serious answer beyond willem dafoe.
if i wanted to shame you for having a kink, i wouldn't be subtle about it. but i wouldn't anyway because i wouldn't even shame those who have a rape fantasy because i have one and have written and read plenty of it. i file it under 'horror pr0n' with a number of other things, and not every form or 'flavor' of horror pr0n that exists is going to be for everyone, much the same as fucking regular horror. but if it's FICTION, it shouldn't matter.
i understand that and if i judged others for having different tastes or acted... well like YOU, that would make me a hypocrite.
and your friend got it PERFECTLY on the first note. and then decided to enable the bullshit yet again by subscribing to the bane of human unity, tribalism. thanks for reinforcing the idea that this HAS to be a dichotomy WHEN IT'S NOT.
a little healthy teasing and competition? i'm game. it's too bad that's not what this was.
i am not your fucking enemy just because YOU decided i was, YOU do not get to decide that for me. but i'll give them the benefit of a doubt and say they were 'just joking', right?
that's ALL it ever is. "just jokes". but JUST when you or "your side" do it. it's not like you've ever been derogatory and petty about "your side" being the "good side" of fandom.
if you have to constantly reinforce and self assure how "good" you are compared to "others" specifically not part of your niche bubble?
you're an asshole who's not actually "good", full stop. if you have to measure your self worth based on what others do or comparing yourself to them, actually seek help because that's not healthy. just my two cents
but if you want to get technical, NO ONE IS RIGHT AND NEITHER BILLY NOR HOMELANDER IS TOP OR BOTTOM IN A TRADITIONAL SENSE, not just because opinions and preferences can't be right or wrong. because butchlander isn't fucking canon, isn't going to become canon, and as far as we know, both characters are confirmed 100% STRAIGHT within the show with toxic masculinity issues a mile long and would never wanna touch each other like that with a 10 foot pole, and homelander's shown exactly ZERO interest in actually being pegged thus far, so that idea's a headcanon.
even herogasm showed us that 3 on fucking 1 STILL wasn't enough to take him down and homie freaking out over a bruise from an unfair challenge of 3 on 1 because it had logically been a very long time since he'd been hurt makes reasonable sense on a basic surface level. he's then over it by the time maeve makes him bleed and carries on bleeding, and now butcher's dying and is the most vulnurable and literally weak because he's sick of the bunch, so... headcanons? headcanons are fine but let's not forget reality and then laugh at the people who remember it.
and if you had just asked me why i even brought up lovely amazing beautiful cishet women (not at all sarcastic, see above purple posts), instead of YET AGAIN. ASSUMING MY INTENT AND PUTTING A LOAD OF CRAP IN MY MOUTH. you can have that back by the way, what the actual fuck is wrong with you??
or for clarification on why i brought it up? i could have TOLD YOU MYSELF. because unlike SOME PEOPLE, when someone just ASKS a question or gives a neutral or even heated response? I DON'T ASSUME HOSTILITY OR TAKE IT PERSONALLY FROM THEM LIKE IT'S A FUCKING SPORT.
fact (and correct me if i'm wrong): majority of people participating in shipping fandom are cishet women.
this is a simple fact, it doesn't mean anything beyond that, i specifically said both times there's nothing wrong with this.
a majority of people are cishet, so this is to be expected. it still doesn't mean there's anything wrong with the people.
fact: society has issues, ideas, and expectations that affect and harm us all. cishet, or queer. and these issues will and do present themselves in fandom and fan fictions whether we realize that or not. heteronormativity would be one of those. misogyny is another.
and one of my kinks is challenging that, or at least the way i see to challenge that while dunking on redpill idealogy and toxic masculinity because i fucking can.
and i just LOVE how you tout about having the "pReTtY cOmMoN" perception which newsflash, YOU ARE NOT IMMUNE TO HETERONORMATIVE IDEAOLOGY IF YOU THINK TOXIC MASCULINITY IS A REASON A MAN WOULD NEVER BOTTOM. you'd be surprised what people could get up to behind closed doors. but then you turn around and not only put more words in my mouth, enable anon to put words in my mouth, discourage getting a direct answer from me, accuse me and my friends of being the type to randomly accuse someone else of doxxing??? wtf even is that.
and of course. given your 'pretty common' perception being the total opposite of heteronormativity, it MUST mean that society has resolved all of its issues and come to accept queer people exactly as they are in all forms with no expectations or interference whatsoever, oh yeah. places like florida or uganda just totally don't exist. the u.s. isn't on the verge of becoming an actual fascist hellhole for us, and it is TOTALLY just... no one oppresses us. no one.
ESPECIALLY not the cishets.
and despite all the evidence to the contrary, you especially have done nothing wrong here and its all in my head. is that right? can you clarify for me? do you think that my situations have put zero pressure on me in my day to day life? on my friends' lives? do you think you didn't add to that? do you think you and company are the only ones that feel or react like humans?
imagine being so far up your own ass you tell the queer HOW to queer. or at least be a GOOD queer, right?
oh, i'm sorry let me not put words in your mouth. you were of course only laughing at me behind my back for the 'anti-cishet' things i never said.
and no. OBVIOUSLY i wasn't saying any of the shit you accused. i was saying i prefer SUBVERSIVE themes when i do my tops and bottoms and a more detailed look at that can be found in my purple all over responses or just the posts themselves, but if you still want to ask me anyway, i'll answer to the best of my ability.
and what a coincidence that despite you understanding top/bottom not just being related to penetration and some people will feel certain dynamics may be reductive, how ironic that you couldn't possibly fathom that as one of my main complaints.
you don't WANT to actually understand. you just wanted a circle jerk of confirmation bias.
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this anon hit the nail on the fucking head. and you wanted to fight them?? i could have overlooked this but i wanted to touch on something really important because i don't know what anon may have seen but i once saw you answer an ask about homelander's redeemability and you cited "tough love" as a means to get there.
and as a former addict and narcissistic abuse survivor (specifying for context), i can tell you first hand "tough love" is not a real thing, and it's not discipline either because that requires teaching and providing tools for rehabilitation. but don't just take my word for it.
from a psychological perspective and to hear actual professionals go over the concept? "tough love" not only DOESN'T work. it is an excuse to be nasty and abusive to someone under the guise that you are only doing it to help them, when all it really does is make you an abusive fuck.
this would be why the SHOW had HOMELANDER of all people saying it, why what billy did to ryan is presented the way it was with HUGHIE of all people, the guy who was at the time dealing with a huge wad of toxic masculinity issues up his ass, 'got it'. and even BUTCHER'S DAD is presented as the piece of shit that he is who gladly passed on his curse to butcher like it was a 'gift'.
even the comics got this when they present butcher doing his scumlord over 9000 move to hughie and annie saying "cruel to be kind" about his own bullshit. no. no no no. he did NOT do that for hughie's well being. he did it for himself because he was a selfish prick.
and i want to be clear. i am being an asshole here and i fully recognize that. that's for ME to feel better because i am fed up with your bullshit. because you have spent your time poking and prodding me for a hostile reaction. well congrats motherfucker. you got it.
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and there ain't NO fucking love there.
i won't be your enemy. but i am NOT your friend either. clearly YOU wouldn't want that anyway.
but because i always have to add in that disclaimer for basic human decency? EVEN WITH HOW I FEEL and what the actual science says about "tough love", i would still never tell someone they can't use it in fiction, presented as a toxic kink or whatever the fuck else. even if it triggers me. even if i have a thousand different reasons to criticize it and voice that in a separate space.
people can do whatever the fuck they want and i can't control that. neither can you.
but i don't have to engage with the content or speak positively on it or keep my mouth shut, and i'm not gonna harrass people or pull the kind of insidious bullshit you do either.
at the end of the day, this is fiction. and if you feel the need to run an entire fucking smear campaign about me over fiction and preferences??
stop lying about me
stop putting words in my mouth
stop talking about me behind my back
stop predetermining who i am for me
stop assuming hostility when i will flat out tell you my intent and you can just ask, that doesn't just go for me.
stop fucking gatekeeping and gaslighting.
I DON'T HAVE A DISHONESTY PROBLEM LIKE SOME PEOPLE.
and fuck you.
neither me nor any of my friends or these anons are crazy and i will not sit around while you try to fucking gaslight me or anyone else. try it again, i fucking dare you.
bottom billy lovers existing is not an attack on you. it never was. you don't own the tags. FUCKING DEAL.
this behavior? is UNNACCEPTABLE.
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as for fandom? a few more things i want to cover. i couldn't have said it better than a friend of mine who while a little hectic and crazy sometimes, has been nothing but a sweetheart<3 that i just want to encourage and motivate to art or post pictures of her billy butcher kitty babygirl incarnate but unfortunately due to circumstances may be regressing back into her shell.
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a message i will never stop promoting, whatever iteration it comes in, whenever it comes up.
i may disagree with what you are saying or doing, but as long as you are not harming anyone, i will fight wholeheartedly for your right to say or do so.
that is the philosphy of true freedom, THAT is what i subscribe to. and it pisses me the fuck off when i see people trying to punish or hurt people for things that hurt no one. we don't get to decide how other people want to live their lives. we can only navigate and hope we might find a friend along the way.
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and THAT is the single greatest picture of captain america ever fucking created. no i will take dissenting opinions.
in regards to assumed hostility or hostile attribution bias, a more lighthearted and easily digestable demonstration is below.
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gais... just don't do it. don't automatically assume that someone means you harm or pain simply because they disagree with you. this is what leads to more problems. this is what leads to human tribalism. this is what divides us. this is what destroys us. this is what leads to wars. fandom shipping bullshit or otherwise.
the fucking stupidest invention of humanity, fought over goddamn unholy wads of paper and scribbles of ink because people couldn't accept that their ideas weren't accepted by everyone else, and anyone who didn't fall in line got the axe. or alienated. or excommunicated. or accused of being a witch. or whatever.
but this is the kinda shit we need to nip in the bud at the most basic level we can, every time we can.
it's called intolerance of the intolerant. and it's how we stop hatred from fostering and the intolerance being tolerated and eventually taking over.
because assumed hostility? it IS intolerance.
people are not made from ideas, it's the people who make or break the ideas, not the other way around. and ideas can change.
that should never be seen as a bad thing because it's necessary for positive changes and better understanding as time goes on.
challenge yourselves and the way you think, listen to newcomers and welcome them, have healthy discussions, learn to agree to disagree. it's not that hard.
and i know, i get it. it's not easy, not that simple either. everyone's on edge, people are sickly addicted to hatred and anger because they are EASY. giving in to them doesn't require self control or any form of discipline, it is as simple as instinct. it IS instinct. but if humanity has ANY hope of moving forward?
we HAVE to learn to give people the benefit of a doubt. we HAVE to learn to listen to each other, *actually* listen and hear *exactly* what others are saying. HAVE to learn to identify the difference between a differing *non-hostile* opinion and actual *intolerance*
because the world has already seen what happens when we FAIL and eventually we WILL run out of chances to get it right.
please at least TRY to give the benefit of the doubt in an appropriate situation.
i'll lead by example.
keys? even you. even now, i'm going to give you the benefit of the doubt DESPITE how you've treated me AND my friends now. because MAYBE you were actually key in the sketch and just having a bad day each time we interacted or MAYBE you have some sort of trauma getting triggered whenever you see my shit or we interact or whatever the fuck it could be, MAYBE you are feeling the pressures of a self discovery coming out journey and it's manifesting badly (yes i did notice that and if this is the case i would still wish you nothing but good will and luck with that, not sarcastic), or some combination, there's a million reasons and i don't know you, so i'm not going to assume or say anything for certain.
unlike some people.
but i don't think you're stupid. on the contrary, looking at your posts, my first 'assumption' was that you are actually very well educated and were just enjoying having fun and being silly. later and based on some things i saw, it occured to me that your education/upbringing may put you at odds or at a disadvantage with connecting with people online or having them understand you, that doesn't mean there's anything wrong with you or them, it just means you're speaking different languages.
even the "tough love" thing could be a miscommunication/malapropism. it could also be internal denial because you had a loved one do that to you and still haven't come to terms with the actual abuse you were experiencing because "they knew best"
i've been there. but maybe i'm the one who's projecting just to give you the benefit of a doubt. is it fair for me to take out my own frustrations on random people? fuck to the NO. which is why i TRY regularly to keep that shit in line and my life private.
so i absolutely will not excuse you for being so blatantly dishonest about me either behind my back or to my face because even if you do think i'm being hostile (when i'm not), there's no excuse for that. no, i wouldn't excuse myself either.
that needs to stop in a general sense, and i know you KNOW you are doing that because you'd have to *actually* be the biggest fucking illiterate moron on the planet to not know at this point.
especially when i reached out to you before to try and resolve this calmly and you ignored me and then continued lying about me, yucking it up with anons and buddies like high school mean girls. officially. unironically. instead of doing an ounce of self reflecting.
and i didn't include those messages, but the continued disingenuity and callous misrepresentation is there. and especially the carving into my character to define me however you want without giving me a voice to speak for myself.
stop it. you know it. i know it. maybe you think i'm some country bumpkin cousin hick fucker who happens to conveniently be queer but is remarkably stupid or an easy target.
and maybe i am stupid for ever giving you the benefit of a doubt, but you don't get to rob me of my humanity or basic courtesy.
because YOU'RE human too. and you have a right to your thoughts and feelings and opinions, and i get that, and i support it
even if by some fucking bizarre coocoo for cocoa puffs alternate reality, butchlander were to become canon the way I saw it? i wouldn't gloat or celebrate or try to rub it in your face.
I would encourage you to keep liking what you like and keep being yourself, maybe even harder than before.
even knowing you wouldn't do the same for me. at least from personal experience. see any of the above. and if you think i'm a self righteous prick for it, so fucking be it.
but if you're going to be an asshole? at least own the fuck up to it.
oh, and by the way? i now headcanon that billy butcher once a month puts on a full body gimp suit and with ball gag to do some strange kinda unholy shit with fruit OR veggies (never both), and it HAS to be a waning crecent moon, because i fucking can. and you can't stop me. ;)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
gais... don't immediately assume hostility. please. i know tone can be hard to interpret through writing or typic and emojis help, and yeah, i know i can jump the gun too. but i try to take things told to me at face/basic value or read them in a neutral tone and i think it helps too.
but we should never be judging anyone before we know them.
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blradley Ā· 2 months ago
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intro powerpoint for that one whacky passion project of mine -
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Do you enjoy unreliable narrators with a distinctive voice?
Do you like characters who have done genuinely bad things, and now have to Work Through All That while consciously choosing to be better?
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Then jump aboard a flying whale and set sail into no man's sky with
Voxalion Ilsair: Grave of Gods!
Cursed by a relic of their long-dead gods, Vox and Mavrik are bound to each other, life to life. If one dies, so shall the other ā€“ which is a problem, as Vox wants to eradicate humanity, Mavrik included; and Mavrik wants nothing more than to kill Vox, the lightning elemental who slaughtered her family. Their only hope of breaking the curse lies in the gods' tomb, located on a legendary lost island that rises above the endless Eversea. Mavrik and Vox embark on an expedition, braving skywaymen and sapient storms, so they can be free of each other ā€“ and commence their overdue duel to the death. But Mavrik and Vox aren't the only ones seeking the grave of the gods. When they cross a cult intent on claiming the godsā€™ powers for themselves, Vox and Mavrik learn that they have far worse enemies than each other.
Genre: adult solarpunk fantasy Suitable age range: 15+ (no explicit content but some swearing, violence, and creepy monsters) Status: with my wonderful agent for edits!
Image Descriptions:
Powerpoint slide with a blue sky background. Text reads: ā€œHUMANITY HAD FALLEN. Unfortunately, they got back up again.ā€ The quote is attributed to: Voxalion Ilsair, being a prat, as per the uzshe
Dark blue sky background, title of Worldbuilding Be Upon Ye. Text reads: Okay so hear me out. What if the gods created an amazing utopia where technology and magic were intertwined and humans and zstragi (fey forces of nature) lived side by side But then something went wrong. Their world ripped itself apart and the mountains crumbled and the seas rose and some monstrous force came and wiped out all the gods?? What if an approximate ten thousand humans survived in nine flying cities, situated across the drowned globe? And what if they began rebuilding their civilization ā€“ clumsily, desperately, devastated by the loss of 99% of their population? What if they were living in hollowed-out solarpunk temples to the dead gods, surrounded by dangerous artifacts that they didnā€™t understand, desperately scrabbling for survival on a hostile planet? What if, gradually, the tales of their past became warped by myth and conflicted retelling? What if the humans and zstragi were at war? And had been for centuries? Because, in their relentless struggle of survival, they began to consume each other? What if there were whispers that a treasure trove of ancient knowledge had survived the Cataclysm, hidden deep in zstragi territory: the lawless, storm-ravaged chaos of No Manā€™s Sky? A meme-drawing of a stick figure holding their head and looking perturbed while covered in sweat, is tucked in one corner of the slide. The caption reads 'okay that's enough world building'
Turquoise sky background. Text reads: TL; DR: In a world where land is a long-lost legendā€¦ Where whale carcass blimps, fat with helium, swim through an endless lightning-lashed skyā€¦ Where flying cities are beset by sentient stormsā€¦ ā€¦an unlikely group of heroes embarks on an epic journeyā€¦
Pale blue sky background with a flying whale. Text reading: That's right! It's Voxalion Ilsiar: Grave of Gods by B. L. Radley
Piccrew of Vox, a blue-green skinned hairless inhuman being with pointed ears, sharp teeth, three eyes, and facial tattoos. Introductory text reads: Voxalion Ilisair, they/them Your humble narrator, providing you with a 100% trustworthy recollection of events ā¤ļø zero bias here. none whatsoeverā¤ļøā¤ļø (okay so maybe theyā€™re a zstragi terrorist who wants to annihilate humanity) (what a shame it would be if, over the course of the story, they begin to question everything theyā€™ve been taught hahahaaha) Ridiculously OP lightning zstragi who was raised to be a mass-murder weapon. Then they got nerfed by a little girl Now that little girl is all grown up. The divine artifact that tore away Voxā€™s powers also bound them to her soul ā€“ meaning, if she dies, Vox dies. Dammit. Tinkerbell-sized, with attitude to match. N#1 fear: becoming human
Piccrew of Mavrik, a white tan-skinned woman with short fluffy pale blonde hair, blue eyes, and half her face torn off, with lightning scars radiating out from the hole in her cheek that shows off her molars. Text reads: Mavrik Skarr, she/her Voxā€™s worst enemy. Their foresworn foe. Their nefarious nemesisā€¦ Okay, so maybe Vox killed her family and tore her face and (quite literally) broke her heart, and Mavrik swore she would have revenge First though, sheā€™s gotta undo this stupid curse As a stormhunter, Mav is employed to slay zstragi like Vox Grumpy and stoic, she struggles to emote. prefers grunting to talking, and fighting to grunting Has suffered from heart problems since The Curse. Uses Vox as a defibrillator/pacemaker. Basically an unsocialized feral kitten who has 0 clue how to interact with anyone she isnā€™t battling to the death Juggling her desire for friends against her natural awkwardness, her lack of experience with other humans, and that dark, ugly inclination towards violence that whispers away in the back of her mindā€¦ N#1 fear: becoming a monster
Secondary characters slide. First piccrew is of Oliaris, a Black man with a delicate, pretty face, wearing expensive jewellery. Text reads: Oliaris, he/him Nice friendly guy who never did anything wrong in his entire life (I lie. there are atrocities.) (he is coming to terms with the atrocities. But itā€™ll take a whileā€¦ šŸ˜‰) Delicate pretty city-boy who prefers the finer things in life, but is living the Chronic Pain LifeTM instead Super-smart ex-scientist. why ā€˜exā€™? haha donā€™t worry about that Gets dragged into helping Vox and Mavrik break their curse ā€“ but has an agenda of his ownā€¦ Second picture is of Atticus, a white man with red-brown hair and freckles, in a labcoat. Text reads: Atticus, he/him SPEAKING OF EXES AND ATROCITIES - Has a somewhat turbulent past with Oliaris (they fucked. they absolutely fucked. they 100%, totally fucked.) Now heā€™s Oliarisā€™ bitter rival, racing to beat him to the grave of the gods and the treasure trove of ancient knowledge stashed therein Shy, awkward people-pleaser who just wants everyone to like him šŸ˜” Donā€™t ask about the bloodstains. just. donā€™t. šŸ™‚
Tertiary characters. First piccrew is of Sylvestra, a Black woman with similiar features to Oliaris. Text reads: Sylvestra, she/her Oliarisā€™s sister: a professional storm-hunter employed by Atticus who detests her brother. For reasons. Tries to be cold-hearted and unfeeling. isnā€™t very good at it. Deep down, she just wants her family back :c Next piccrew shows an Asian individual with long black hair and a tattoo on their throat. Text reads: Jagura, they/them Captain of a skywayman ship that terrorizes the vessels of No Manā€™s Sky Impulsive and friendly, but ruthless. Will rob you while chatting like youā€™re besties Here for a good time, not a long time xoxo Piccrew 3: a bulky purple inhuman creature with long pointed ears and tattoos. Text reads: Renzou, he/him Jaguraā€™s loyal first mate Will rob you while apologizing profusely Protective and kind Humans are friends, not food! Fourth piccrew: a white boy with pale hair and very blue eyes. Text reads: ??? [no name or pronouns] Once upon a time, a boy crawled into the mouth of a dead whale. What crawled out was changed foreverā€¦
stormy grey background to the slide. text reads: One shared goal: To pilot their whale blimp safely through no manā€™s sky and find the lost grave of gods Conflicting ambitions: To undo a curse. to regain lost power to kill an old enemy. to restore reputation. To seek priceless treasure. To save the world ā€“ wait, what?
Quotes page, set against a blue sky background. Quotes are: ā€˜Zstragi ate humans, sure. But humans devoured us with equal impunity: crushing our heart-stones, shredding our life-force to add power to their grid and keep their impossible cities aloft.ā€™ ā€˜As occurred approximately two dozen times a day, Mav got that look on her face that meant she was contemplating tossing me into the oceans and letting fate run its course. As also occurred approximately two dozen times a day, she decided against it. Grudgingly. She and I were trapped together. For better or worse, in sickness or health, till death did we partā€¦ā€™ ā€œI spy with my three glowing eyesā€¦ā€ ā€œShut up, Vox.ā€ and ā€˜The distant slurry of Mavrikā€™s thoughts slid against my own, lumpy with old memories. Dead parents, dead families. Dead-dead-dead; burnt from the inside out, eyeballs popped like squashed flies and tongues crisped to charcoalā€” Time was said to heal all wounds, but it couldnā€™t erase their scar. I awkwardly cleared my throat.ā€™
Themes page, with a picture of several angel statues. Text reads: The way ahead is fraught with danger. Secrets abound, old grudges flare, and hungry storms gather on the horizonā€¦ Themes: Humanity. What does it mean, to be human? Are some cruelties so great that the offender should never be redeemed? Equality. At what point do we decide that one life is worth more than another? Why? Family. How do you know when a bond is broken beyond repair?
Dark blue sky background, with text reading: What else have we got? #macguffins #unreliable narrator #enemies toā€¦? #lovers to rivals #copious footnotes #corruption arcs #redemption arcs #multiple queer and disabled characters! #body horror #unique cultures #flying whales #solarpunk aesthetic #in-depth, innovative world building. A stick-figure meme sits in one corner, showing a character grabbing another person's shoulders and digging their nails in to hit blood, their face a grimace of pain. The text beneath reads: 'so much more world building'
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inthetags Ā· 1 year ago
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Reblog and put in the tags if you've ever heard of the term "hostile attribution bias" or/and if you think you might have it
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hrts4hanniehae Ā· 10 months ago
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Kpop Self Insert Oc || masterlist
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the beginning || act one
-
(100% self-indulgent)
Fandom Name: Star Sailors
Rankings of Membersā€™ Popularity:
Park Minseok - (6.4M Instagram Followers)
Kim Jisoo - (6M Instagram Followers)
Park Jiho - (5.7M Instagram Followers)
Kim Soyeon - (4.8M Instagram Followers)
->After she starts dating Dino, it increases by 500K
"ģ–“ė‘ ģ„ ėš«ź³  ė¹›ė‚˜ėŠ” ė³„ė“¤ ģ•ˆė…• ģš°ė¦¬ėŠ” ģ˜¤ė„¤ė¦¬ģ•„"
ā€œThe stars who shine through the darkness, Hello we are Oneiria.!ā€
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Oneiria
They debuted in 2022 when Soyeon was 22, Jisoo and Jiho were 21 and Minseok was 18.
Oneiria is known for its ability to connect with international fans by singing in multiple languages. Besides their native Korean, theyā€™ve released Chinese, Japanese, and even English songs, showcasing their linguistic versatility.
Oneiriaā€™s music often incorporates dreamy and ethereal elements, reflecting their fascination with dreams and fantasies. Their melodies and lyrics aim to transport their listeners to another world.
Oneiria is managed by Pledis Entertainment (HYBE), the same company as Seventeen and fromis_9.
Oneiria is actively involved in charitable work, with each member supporting different causes. Kim Soyeon, for instance, is an advocate for childrenā€™s education, while Park Jiho focuses on promoting mental health awareness.
Oneiria originally had 5 trainees, including the Final 4. However, the unnamed 5th trainee wasn't in the final lineup. This explains the gap between Jiho and Soyeon during the first few months of their debut when they greeted their fans.
Antis (They are mostly against Kim Soyeon)
Anti-fandom Name: Drowners (i died when i made this)
Anti-fans post unflattering photos and claim that Soyeonā€™s expressions are signs of arrogance, which leads to arguments among fans and negative media attention.
Anti-fans accuse Jisoo of plagiarism of another artistā€™s work, not knowing that the artist was him when he was still a trainee
Ā Some anti-fans go further, accusing Kim Soyeon of being a ā€œpick-me girlā€ who seeks attention from male fans. They misinterpret her confident demeanour and artistic choices, attributing them to a desire to please male fans, which creates a false narrative.
A group of anti-fans disrupt events where Soyeon is present. They shout offensive comments and even go as far as throwing objects, creating a hostile atmosphere for the artist and fans.
Minseok makes fun of the term ā€œDrownersā€ all the time.
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Kim Soyeon // Main Vocal // Leader [23 y/o] - self insert
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Korean Name: Kim Soyeon [Soyeon-noona] ź¹€ģ†Œģ—°
Chinese Name: Jin Yumei [Yumei-jie] 金é›Øę¢…
Sister of Jisoo; Godsister of Minseok and Jiho
Fan name: Serenity
Antifan name: Calamity
Height: 1.7m (11 Dec 2000)
fun facts~
Kim Soyeonā€™s vocals are one of the best in the industry. Her ability to hit both high and low notes effortlessly is a signature element in Oneiriaā€™s music.
Sheā€™s a huge Seventeen fan and her bias is Dino.
She has an album titled ā€œTo the Me You Hateā€
Sheā€™s fluent in Korean, Chinese, Japanese & English. (Studied languages in school)
Sheā€™s the only member in Oneiria who has a driverā€™s licence.Ā 
She owns a motorbike and uses it frequently.
She has 0 alcohol tolerance
She is good friends with the Maknae Line of Seventeen
She is also quite close to the Vocal Team (++ BooSeokSoon)
She gamed a lot when she was studying, so regularly games on her live streams.
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Kim Jisoo // Vocals // Producer [22 y/o]
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Korean Name: Kim Jisoo [Jisoo-hyung] ź¹€ģ§€ģˆ˜
Chinese Name: Jin Wei [Jin Wei-ge]Ā é‡‘伟
Stage Name: Astra
Brother of Soyeon; Godbrother of Minseok and Jiho
Fan name: Asters
Antifan name: Midsters
Height: 1.72m (17th Nov 2001)
fun facts~
Kim Jisoo, under his stage name Astra, is renowned for his exceptional music production skills. His ability to compose and produce music spontaneously has led to the creation of many award-winning or award-nominated songs.
Heā€™s fluent in Korean & Chinese.
He has a very high alcohol tolerance.
Fans only found out that Astra and his sister were half-Chinese after the release of their 2nd album, Dreamscapes. This increased their fan base by 50%.
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Park Jiho // Main Dancer [22 y/o]
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Korean Name: Park Jiho [Jiho-hyung]Ā ė°•ę™ŗꘊ
Brother of Minseok; Godbrother of Jisoo and Soyeon
Fan name: Jinx
Antifan name: Knock
Height: 1.8m (24th Nov 2001)
fun facts~
Park Jiho has incredibly smooth and precise dance moves. He is known for his exceptional freestyle dancing skills. Whether on stage or at a dance-off with friends, he can effortlessly create captivating choreography on the spot.
Heā€™s skilled in various dance styles, including hip-hop, contemporary, and even traditional Korean dance, which he incorporates into Oneiriaā€™s performances.
Heā€™s fluent in Korean & Japanese.
He choreographs most of Oneiriaā€™s dance routines.Ā 
Heā€™s known for lightening the mood with his humour and practical jokes, making him the bandā€™s resident prankster.
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Park Minseok // Main Rapper // MaknaeĀ [19 y/o]
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Korean Name: Park MinseokĀ ė°•ę•ēŸ³
Stage Name: Mirage
Brother of Jiho; Godbrother of Jisoo and Soyeon
Fan name: Trixs
Antifan name: antics
Height: 1.7m (10th Apr 2004)
fun facts~
Despite being the maknae of Oneiria, he is a rap prodigy with a natural talent for delivering powerful rap verses. His lyrical skills have earned him recognition and respect in the K-pop industry.Ā  He often brings a touch of surrealism to Oneiriaā€™s music.
Mirage is known for his multilingual rapping skills. In addition to rapping in Korean, he has explored rap in Japanese, further showcasing his versatility as an artist.
Heā€™s fluent in Korean & Japanese.
Heā€™s considered a fashion icon among fans.
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discography~
Oneriophilia
Debut Mini Album:
Release Date:
12 January 2022
-> Hit song: Star Child
Title Track: Star Child
Other Tracks:Ā 
Serenades
Eclipse
Nebula
ā€œFor the children who feel like they never belonged, the stars shine for you.ā€
The concept for ā€œOneriophiliaā€ by Oneiria appears to revolve around a theme of inclusivity and a message of hope. The tagline, ā€œFor the children who feel like they never belonged, the stars shine for you,ā€ suggests that the album aims to connect with individuals who may have experienced feelings of isolation or not fitting in.
The title track, ā€œStar Child,ā€ symbolises a sense of uniqueness and belonging. The other tracks explore various aspects of this theme, with perhaps ā€œEclipseā€ delving into the challenges one faces, and ā€œNebulaā€ touching on the idea of dreams and aspirations.
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Dreamscapes
1st Full Album:Ā 
Release Date:
3 April 2022
-> Hit song: Echoes
Title Track: Divine
Other Tracks:Ā 
Echoes
Loved you
Dreamt of you
For you
Heaven's Love
äŗ‘ - Chinese vers.
ā€œSince we received so much love for ā€œOneriophiliaā€, I decided to release a full album!ā€
ā€œDreamscapesā€ by Oneiria appears to take a more spontaneous and creative approach compared to their debut album, ā€œOneriophilia.ā€ The albumā€™s concept is described as a collection of songs that are born out of inspiration and creativity. Kim Jisoo, also known as Astra, is highlighted as a talented music producer with a penchant for composing music that resonates with him, even without a specific reason.
The title track, ā€œDivine,ā€ reflects the emotions of being inspired by something greater. The other tracks explore a range of emotions and themes.Ā 
The overall concept of ā€œDreamscapesā€ is a musical journey through the spontaneous creativity of the members and the producer, capturing moments of inspiration and turning them into beautiful songs. It's an artistic expression of their creative process and their ability to release music that touches the heart without the need for a specific reason.Ā 
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Seasons
Special Single Album:Ā 
Release Date:
10 June 2022
Title Track: Blossom
Other Tracks:
Golden
Radiance (Instrumental)
Zephyr
ā€œI was so happy at our success that I just decided to write some tunes I had saved into a song. Fitting for the changing of seasons, no?ā€
ā€œSeasonsā€ by Oneiria is a special single album that celebrates the changing of seasons and embraces the idea of renewal and change. The concept is inspired by the changing of seasons, which is a metaphor for the bandā€™s growth and evolution since its debut.
The title track, ā€œBlossom,ā€ suggests a theme of growth, renewal, and the beauty that comes with change. It could be a reflection on their journey in the music industry and how theyā€™ve evolved and blossomed since their debut. The other tracks explore different aspects of the changing seasons.Ā 
The producerā€™s note implies that this album was born out of the bandā€™s happiness and success, and itā€™s a spontaneous creation that captures the essence of their journey so far.Ā 
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Nocturne
2nd Mini Album:Ā 
Release Date:
7 October 2022
-> Hit song: WhisperĀ 
Title Track: Whisper
Other Tracks:Ā 
Silent Crush
Euphoria - Japanese vers.
Forget
ā€œI had many sleepless nights with the tune of ā€œWhisperā€ stuck in my head. So I released a mini album. No special reasons.ā€
ā€œNocturneā€ by Oneiria embraces the theme of the night and the mysteries and emotions associated with it. The albumā€™s title explores the world of night and all that it encompasses.
The title track delves into the idea of secrets and quiet emotions shared in the night, capturing the hushed, intimate moments that occur when the world is still.Ā 
ā€œSilent Crushā€ could further explore the theme of hidden feelings and the unspoken, while ā€œForgetā€ might deal with the idea of leaving behind the past and starting anew. The Japanese version of ā€œEuphoriaā€ by Mirage was an experimental song.
The album reflects a genuine and creative approach to music-making, capturing moments of inspiration and turning them into art.
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Dystopia
Surprise 2nd Full Album:
Release Date:
12 January 2023
-> Hit song: Hold Me
Title Track: 假如äø–ē•Œę¶ˆå¤±
Other Tracks:Ā 
Rock my World
Someone I Loved
Ruined Worlds - Japanese vers.
ė‹¤ė„ø ģ„øź³„Ā 
Gone
Hold Me
ā€œOur first rock album! Itā€™s part of our Dystopian AU if we were all still holding on to our grievances. Warning, this album is full of agony. Happy Anniversary, Oneiria.ā€
ā€œDystopiaā€ by Oneiria presents a unique and intriguing concept, marking their 1st anniversary with a surprise 2nd full album. This album delves into a darker and more intense theme, creating a contrast with their previous releases. The title suggests a narrative that explores a world in chaos, perhaps highlighting societal issues or inner struggles.
The title track delves into a sense of despair, contemplating the idea of a world falling apart or disappearing. The other tracks further explore the themes of loss, pain, and emotional turmoil. ā€œė‹¤ė„ø ģ„øź³„ā€ (Another World) introduces a sense of escapism, offering a glimpse into an alternative reality.
This album is their first rock album and is part of a Dystopian Alternate Universe (AU), where the members are still holding onto their grievances. Itā€™s described as an album full of agony, indicating that the music and lyrics may touch on intense and emotional themes.
This marks a significant shift in Oneiria's music and concept with a thought-provoking and emotionally charged album that contrasts with their previous releases.Ā 
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Reflections
3rd Mini Album:
Release Date:Ā 
23 March 2023
-> Hit song: We Are // Mirage
Title Track: Mirage
Other Tracks:Ā 
Breathe for Me
Gravity
Solitude
We Are
ā€œTo Soyeon.ā€
ā€œFor our biggest supporter, our protector and our guide to success.ā€
ā€œReflectionsā€ is Oneiriaā€™s 3rd mini-album, and it explores the themes of love, self-discovery, and introspection. The album was written by all 3 male members for their leader, Soyeon. ā€œMirageā€ is Mirageā€™s first single and it was chosen as the title track.
The album encourages listeners to contemplate the various facets of love and the personal journey of self-exploration, all set to a captivating blend of pop and rock melodies. It is also a letter to Star Sailors, reminding them of Soyeonā€™s sacrifices for the group, and also her unwavering dedication to the K-pop industry.Ā 
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tags! @fairyofhour @megseungmin @sun-daddy-yoriichi @woozixo @euphoric-univers @christinewithluv @haowonbins @ocyeanicc @asyre @cynthiaaax13 @superhoshisvt @bangantokchy @chimmy-bts @angelarin @daisawa @writingbarnes @jeonghansshitester
@belladaises @wonwootakemyheart @wonwooz1 @luchiet @kookssecret @caratsland @peachescreamandcrumble @thepoopdokyeomtouched @isabellah29 @leah-rose03 @coupshour @sooheehan @heesbees @hyuckxtagram
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eretzyisrael Ā· 4 months ago
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by CORY FRANKLIN
Politics has a uniquely transformative effect on science. When a scientific article is published in a political journal, the journal remains political. But when a political article is published in a scientific journal, that journal becomes political. That is what happened recently, when theĀ Lancet, arguably the most respected medical journal in the world, published thinly disguised propaganda as scientific information.
Earlier this month, theĀ LancetĀ published a letter to the editor from three researchers, which speculated on the number of deaths that will occur as a result of the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza. Two of the authorsĀ have a history of extreme anti-Israel bias.
Their estimates are riddled with problems. The authors took as their starting point the official death toll at the time of writing, of 37,396 deaths ā€“ a number so precise it should already be setting off alarm bells. These figures, produced by the Hamas-run Gaza Ministry of Health, have faced aĀ huge amount of criticism and scepticism. Nevertheless, the authors of theĀ LancetĀ letter felt that even this number was too low as it does not include ā€˜indirect deathsā€™ that will continue into the future.
ā€˜Even if the conflict ends immediately, there will continue to be many indirect deaths in the coming months and years from causes such as reproductive, communicable and non-communicable diseasesā€™, they wrote. According to the researchers, ā€˜In recent conflicts, such indirect deaths range from three to 15 times the number of direct deaths. Applying a conservative estimate of four indirect deaths per one direct death to the 37,396 deaths reported, it is not implausible to estimate that up to 186,000 or even more deaths could be attributable to the current conflict in Gaza.ā€™
Needless to say, that number strains credulity. This would represent nearly eight per cent of Gazaā€™s population. The use of the phrase ā€˜in the coming months and yearsā€™ is ridiculously open-ended. Does this mean we should be counting deaths for one year after hostilities cease? Five years? Twenty years? Employing a long enough observation period, the authors can basically attribute any number of deaths of their choosing to the war.
The authors also provide no definition of what constitutes a delayed death as a consequence of the war. Indirect deaths from ā€˜reproductive, communicable and non-communicable diseasesā€™ is basically medical gibberish, signifying nothing. What diseases, specifically? Currently, there is aĀ minor outbreak of mosquito-borne West Nile VirusĀ ā€“ a ā€˜non-communicable diseaseā€™ ā€“ in Israel near the Gaza border, although there have been no reported cases in Gaza yet. Five years hence, if there are deaths in Gaza from West Nile Virus, will those be counted as a result of the war? We have obviously exited the realm of science here.
The eye-catching nature of the 186,000 figure, as well as the fact it was published in such a well-respected medical journal, has turned itĀ into international news. It has been seized on by pro-Palestine campaigners. It wasĀ spray-paintedĀ by vandals on the ground by the Cenotaph in London last week, and has beenĀ quoted as fact by a Labour MP.
Some might try to argue that these outlandish figures are in no way being endorsed by theĀ Lancet, as they were published in a letter and not a peer-reviewed article. But this is tosh. Peer-reviewed articles naturally carry more weight because they are more carefully scrutinised by outside reviewers. However, letters to the editor are not published at random. They are not akin to below-the-line comments on a website. They must be approved by an in-house editor and the vast majority are rejected. Approval and subsequent publication confers the imprimatur of a prestigious medical journal, whether the editorial staff publicly agrees with the letter or not. The fact that this was published at all carries some kind of implication.
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thefactsofthematter Ā· 2 years ago
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this delancey brothers thing is so interesting to me because like,,, we get very little about their whole family life and backstory and the fandom has yet to come up with anything incredibly solid,,, anyways just thinking thoughts and i want to hear what you have to say
right?? i feel like for a while the fandom kinda shunned them bc of their role as villainsā€¦ but a bad guy can be a compelling character too!!
i already gave a rundown of my backstory for them in the last ask i answered, so hereā€™s my completely baseless thoughts regarding their personalities and relationship w each other!! @jack-kellys hereā€™s the rest of my delancey nonsense šŸ˜™
- oscar is a deeply angry person. he doesnā€™t know how to feel anything else, when the world has been so cruel to him. heā€™s been trying to parent his little brother for years, in the shittiest of situations: from an abusive home, to jail, to their tiny bedroom at the newspaper office. wiesel is harsh with them, their job consists of long days of tedious work, and he often feels he has nothing to look forward to. he takes it out on everybody except morris, because heā€™s learned over the years that everyone is out to get him, so he may as well hurt them first. (hostile attribution bias anyone?? shoutout to all my fellow bitches who studied developmental psych šŸ¤˜)
- morris, on the other hand, strikes me as a little less angry and a little more scared. an odd hc of mine for him is that heā€™s on the fetal alcohol spectrum - he deals with numerous learning disabilities and developmental delays because of it, and itā€™s made all the trauma heā€™s experienced very hard to process. he finds his and oscarā€™s job frustratingly difficult: counting papes and keeping the numbers straight is hard for him, he hates how loud the newsies are (and how loud uncle wiesel is when heā€™s yelling), and he canā€™t focus for very long without getting the urge to jump and run and move around, which he knows heā€™s not allowed to do. he also knows he doesnā€™t speak very clearlyā€” unless heā€™s very intentional with every syllable, which almost sounds worse because itā€™s so awkward, or using phrases heā€™s already practicedā€” so heā€™s given up on talking to anyone other than his big brother, for the most part. he lets oscar do most of the talking and is happy to back him up with his fists.
- oscar doesnā€™t really understand morrisā€™s disability, but he tries not to think too hard about it. he doesnā€™t know why his brother needs help with certain things that seem easyā€” like knowing which shoe goes on which foot, or spelling the letters of his own nameā€” but heā€™ll help him nonetheless, because thatā€™s just what he needs to do. he thinks he might need to take care of morris forever, because it often seems like thereā€™s some things the kid will just never get the hang of, but oscar doesnā€™t mind that, because at least it gives him some purpose. if he has to sit there every night and remind morris of the steps to getting cleaned up before bed (wash your face and hands, run a comb through your hair, fold up your clothesā€¦) then at least heā€™s doing something helpful each day, and that makes him feel alright.
- a random anecdote that sorta sums them up (under the cut bc this is long already):
for morrisā€™s 13th birthday, oscar steals a little stuffed dog from a shop, which morris names puppy and instantly clings to with all his might. at the time, oscar knows morris is too old for toys, but the way the kid lights up when the silly thing is handed to him makes everything worth it. he simply decides to accept that all the bullshit theyā€™ve been through has made it hard for morris to grow up at the same rate as other people, so if babying him a little makes him this happy, that must be fine, right?
several years later, the first thing that ever compels oscar to lay a hand on wiesel is finding puppy in the trash on the front step on his way home from running errands, with its ears ripped offā€” heā€™s instantly sure that wiesel found it and took it from morris while he was gone. he charges inside and punches wiesel square across the jaw; he then spends the rest of the night barricaded in their bedroom, trying to messily sew puppy back together and simultaneously calm down his inconsolable little brother.
ā€œyouā€™re too big to cry, mo. you know that. you gotta cut it out before uncle hears you, alright?ā€
ā€œbut he took it. he took puppy away and wrecked it and said i canā€™t have it no more,ā€ morris wails. ā€œit ainā€™t fair, osc.ā€
ā€œi know. i got it back and iā€™m trying to fix it, okay? iā€™ll get puppy good as new for you, i swear. you just gotta stopā€” youā€™re a big fella and youā€™re crying over a toy. you canā€™t be doing that.ā€
morris sniffles, obviously holding back a sob.
ā€œyou busted his head. whyā€™d you do that?ā€
oscar shrugs. he finally manages to tie off a decent knot on one of the ears, which almost looks right again, despite his terrible stitches.
ā€œi was mad. donā€™t no one mess with my brother without going through me, right?ā€
morris manages a smile, despite the way heā€™s still intently watching his beloved puppy be put back together, with tears in his eyes.
ā€œright. and iā€™ll soak anyone who talks bad at you, i swear.ā€
wiesel beats oscar black and blue with his cane the next day, but oscar would take it a million times over for morrisā€™s sake. when the newsies start wisecracking about oscarā€™s fresh cuts and bruises at distribution, morris starts beating on whichever of those loudmouths he can get his hands on until the whole lot of them have nothing more to laugh at.
the delancey brothers have each otherā€™s backs at all fucking costs.
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theangelshavethephonebox Ā· 7 months ago
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Me, about Magnus: omg let me tell you all about the most specialist perfect skrunkly in the world
The skrunkly in question: *has hostile attribution bias, is currently clocking someone in the face*
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super-hero-confessions Ā· 11 months ago
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I agree with some people the cast of Wednesday looked like actors wearing costumes and it's so effing funny seing people screaming 'racism!! a salty racist!!!!' when their race isn't even brought up. Usually it's light-skinned ppl doing this. (That is not to say all white/light-skin people are racist, but people who are racist are more likely to show outrage at perceived racism rather than check out their own racist behavior, bc they feel called out but they want to virtue signal a little.)
You are the one adding a racist implication, you are the one having racist thoughts and projecting that onto everyone else. Sit down. Learn about hostile attribution bias and stop accusing everyone else of shit you're guilty of.
The Wednesday cast coulda been all Asian, all Black or all Indian actors and I would have applauded that. What was a mess was the characterization and costume department. Catherine-Zeta Jones is a white woman, and while she looks stunning as Morticia, she still looks like CZJ in a costume. Possibly because her face is too soft and pretty and Morticia has sharp, angular features, and the makeup did nothing to achieve that look, they just made her look more goth.
Besides, when people complain they changed too many things, they rarely mean their race. By not being careless with death, not having a good parents-children relationship, being upset because an Addams killed someone, etc, it definitely does not feel like the Addams family. They did, in fact, change too many things that have nothing to do with race. Had they picked an entire group of dark-skinned black actors and kept the macabre essence of the Addams family I guarantee you people would have embraced them as the new Addams family, but this isn't the Addams family. This is something different with the IP slapped across it - a good show, but a bad Addams family adaptation.
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melancholic-pigeon Ā· 10 months ago
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maybe I just need a break from tumblr tbh
either the hostile attribution bias and black and white thinking and uncritical proliferation of reactionary conspiracies are getting worse or I'm losing my ability to deal with it patiently
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By: Zack K. De Piero
Published: Jun 29, 2023
A so-called antiracist work environment was, actually, a hostile work environment
Iā€™m a white writing professor, and apparently, thatā€™s a problem. That was the unmistakable message sent to me at Penn State University ā€“ and thatā€™s whyĀ Iā€™m suing them.
In November 2020 ā€“ nearly half a year after George Floydā€™s murder ā€“ I was subjected to aĀ ā€œWhite Teachers Are a Problemā€Ā video for aĀ monthly professional development meetingĀ for writing faculty. Its featured speaker,Ā Asao Inoue, is a self-describedĀ antiracist practitioner. Not an obscure one, either: About a year prior, Inoue gave theĀ Chairā€™s AddressĀ at a prestigious writing studies research conference ā€“ the same field in which I earned my Ph.D. ā€“ where he declared, ā€œWhite people can perpetuate White supremacy by being present [...] Your body perpetuates racism.ā€
At the heart of Inoueā€™s appalling comments is the baseless attribution of negative characteristics to a particular race. Inside radical academic bubbles, that might be applauded; in the real world, thatā€™s called discrimination. And itā€™s illegal. When discrimination enters the workplace, depending on its frequency and intensity, citizens can file a hostile work environment lawsuit against their employer.
At my Abington campus, my direct supervisor pushed an aggressive ā€œantiracismā€ campaign through private emails and monthly meetings. She laid the groundwork by echoing a colleagueā€™s stance that ā€œreverse racism isnā€™t racism,ā€ thereby abandoning cherished human rights principles. ā€œ[R]acist structures are quite real in assessment and elsewhere regardless of [anybodyā€™s] good intentions,ā€ she claimed. ā€œRacism is in the results if the results draw a color line.ā€ Later, citing aĀ ā€œBlack Linguistic Justice!ā€Ā resolution from an increasingly politicized research organization, my supervisor issuedĀ two directives: ā€œassure that black students can find success in our classroomsā€ and ā€œassure that all students see that white supremacy manifests itself in language and in writing pedagogy.ā€Ā 
Translation: the English language is racist, teaching writing is racist, and grading black students by consistent standards is racist.
Tough spot if youā€™re a white writing instructor and one of your black students doesnā€™t submit a big paper. Even tougher if you work at aĀ ā€œmajority minorityā€ campus: out of 20 undergraduate campuses across the Penn State system, to its credit, Abington is the only with a majority of minority students. But the toughest position goes to every black student in this environment ā€“ an educator seems to believe theyā€™re incapable of achieving academic success on their own merit.
Misguided as my supervisor was, she wasnā€™t just one rogue professor in the bunch. Antiracism fever ran rampant through the schoolā€™s institutional culture. To commemorate Juneteenth 2020,Ā Abingtonā€™s DEI directorĀ told us to ā€œStop being afraid of your own internalized white supremacyā€ and to ā€œHold other white people accountable.ā€ That same week, amidst faculty panic over a masked-up return to campus, one colleague invoked ā€œhistory and white male privilegeā€ to forecast, without discernible evidence, ā€œOne can already see a mile away that there will be some who resist wearing masks, etc.Ā Such resistance is also more likely to be led by white malesĀ and in classrooms taught by women and people of color.ā€
In September 2021, I complied with my state-mandated duty toĀ report biasĀ of these (and other) incidents.Ā  The Penn State Affirmative Action Office summoned me into a Zoom meeting where its associate director informed me, ā€œThere is a problem with the White raceā€ then directed me to continue attending antiracist workshops ā€œuntil you get it.ā€
The next antiracist workshop was titled,Ā "The Myth of the Colorblind Writing Classroom: White Instructors Confront White Privilege in Their Classrooms."Ā During this meeting, my supervisor provided a quote: "Without attending to issues of inequity and particularly the role race [plays] in constructing social inequities, we remain unaware of and thereby unwittingly reproduce racist discourses and practices in our classrooms.ā€ As the target audience for this message, I sensed that Iā€™d soon get accused of racism for holding my students to reasonable (and necessary) standards ā€“ I could feel my $53,000/year, non-tenured and non-unionized job hanging in the balance. So, I asked for examples of how I could bring equity into my classroom and what this actually looked like in practice.
Rather than help me to ā€œget it,ā€ the Affirmative Action Office deemedĀ my questions to be evidence of bullying and harassment. Yet, my supervisorā€™s years-long actions wereĀ ā€œin line with the Campus Strategic Plan.ā€Ā Human Resources asked me to sign aĀ performance reprimand, then Penn State inserted those charges into myĀ annual performance review.
Now Iā€™m fighting back. With a Right-to-Sue letter from the Department of Justice, itā€™s time for Penn State to account for real racial discrimination, harassment, and retaliation. Iā€™ve got the support ofĀ Allen Harris LawĀ and a nonpartisan civil rights group, theĀ Foundation Against Intolerance and Racism.
ā€œAntiracismā€ isnā€™t quite the right term to describe the performative activism thatā€™s happening across academia and corporate America. Letā€™s call this hustle what it is: plain and simple, racism. And just like racism, the so-called antiracist movement threatens everything in its path: freedom of speech, due process, healthy workplace relationships, professional excellence, academic rigor, and the psychological welfare of teachers and students alike.
Zack De Piero was employed by Penn State University - Abington College as an assistant teaching professor of English and composition from 2018-2022. He has a Ph.D. in education from the University of California Santa Barbara, where he studied the teaching and learning of postsecondary writing. His personal views in this piece do not reflect those of his current employer, Northampton Community College.
Zack De Piero, PhD began working at Pennsylvania State University in August of 2018 as an English writing professor at the Abington campus.Ā 
Almost immediately upon the outset of his employment, Professor De Piero noticed a race-essentialism focus, which he feared would be harmful to his students, a majority of which were from minority backgrounds and ethnicities.Ā 
Professor De Piero was required to attend professional development meetings to view videos such asĀ ā€œWhite Teachers Are a Problemā€, and was directed toĀ ā€œassure that all students see that white supremacy manifests itself in language and in writing pedagogy.ā€Ā  Incidents like these made it clear that Penn State harbored a bias against him based on his skin color. So he took the prescribed course of action and filed a bias report.Ā Ā The Penn State Affirmative Action Office quickly called Professor De Piero into a Zoom meeting where its Associate Director informed him that, ā€œThere is a problem with the White raceā€ then directed him to continue attending antiracist workshops ā€œuntil you get it.ā€Ā 
It became impossible for Professor De Piero to effectively perform his job duties. In August 2021, he was forced to leave a job he had prized and students he cared for deeply.Ā 
Professor De Piero has now filed suit against Penn State in federal court, alleging violations of his civil rights under federal and Pennsylvania law.Ā 
Professor De Piero is represented by FAIR Network Attorneys Michael Allen and Samantha Harris of Allen Harris Law.
==
It's a cult.
The only thing that will turn around this insanity is suing the crap out of them.
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narcissistpsychopath-abuse Ā· 1 hour ago
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tizztoon Ā· 18 days ago
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I think most people would understand the world a bit better if they learned about hostile attribution bias
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nqynhhh Ā· 3 months ago
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Factors Contributing to Conflict on Social Media
Anonymity and Disinhibition Effect
The concept of the disinhibition effect, as introduced by Suler (2004), suggests that the anonymity provided by social media platforms can lead individuals to feel less restrained in their online behavior. This anonymity removes the typical social cues and accountability present in face-to-face interactions, allowing users to act out in ways they might avoid in real-life situations. As a result, people are more likely to engage in aggressive or hostile communication, often expressing opinions and emotions more freely and intensely than they would offline. This can lead to increased instances of cyberbullying, trolling, and other forms of online harassment, creating a toxic environment that exacerbates conflicts.
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Echo Chambers and Polarization
Social media algorithms provide material that matches users' ideas and tastes to enhance interaction. Sunstein (2017) claims this creates echo chambers where users only see material that confirms their beliefs. Selective exposure can increase polarization by making people more partisan and less open to new ideas. Echo chambers prevent meaningful debate and understanding, dividing society. Lack of exposure to various viewpoints can also distort consensus, making people think their beliefs are more popular than they are.
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Emotional Responses and Cognitive Biases
The fast-paced and impersonal nature of social media interactions can trigger strong emotional responses and cognitive biases. Kahneman (2011) explains that cognitive biases, such as the fundamental attribution error, can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. The fundamental attribution error occurs when individuals attribute others' behavior to their character rather than situational factors. In the context of social media, where users have limited information about each other, this bias can result in negative assumptions and hostile interactions. Additionally, the immediacy of social media can amplify emotional reactions, leading to impulsive and heated exchanges that escalate conflicts rather than resolving them.
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Lack of Nonverbal Cues
Online messages lack nonverbal indicators and social context to understand meaning and tone. Walther (1992) notes that this absence might cause misconceptions as users struggle to interpret written words' emotional complexity and intent. Facial expressions, body language, and tone of voice help communicate emotions and meaning in person. Without these cues, messages can be misconstrued, increasing conflict. The vagueness of social media texting leads to assumptions and misjudgments, which escalates misunderstandings and disagreements.
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Misinformation and Disinformation
The spread of misinformation and disinformation on social media can significantly contribute to conflicts. Lazer et al. (2018) emphasize how false or misleading information can create a shared sense of grievance or outrage among users. Social media platforms facilitate the rapid dissemination of content, allowing misinformation to reach a wide audience quickly. This can lead to the formation of misinformed opinions and beliefs, fueling conflicts based on inaccurate or deceptive information. The virality of such content often exacerbates tensions, as users react to and share emotionally charged but false narratives. The resulting misunderstandings and divisions can deepen conflicts and undermine efforts to achieve consensus or resolution.
References
Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. Psycnet.apa.org. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2011-26535-000
Lazer, D. M. J., Baum, M. A., Benkler, Y., Berinsky, A. J., Greenhill, K. M., Menczer, F., Metzger, M. J., Nyhan, B., Pennycook, G., Rothschild, D., Schudson, M., Sloman, S. A., Sunstein, C. R., Thorson, E. A., Watts, D. J., & Zittrain, J. L. (2018). The Science of Fake News. Science, 359(6380), 1094ā€“1096. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao2998
Suler, J. (2004, July). The Online Disinhibition Effect. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8451443_The_Online_Disinhibition_Effect
Sunstein, C. R. (2017). #Republic: divided democracy in the age of social media. Princeton University Press.
WALTHER, J. B. (1992). Interpersonal Effects in Computer-Mediated Interaction. Communication Research, 19(1), 52ā€“90. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365092019001003
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xoanpm Ā· 5 months ago
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holstering concealed hostility/+&antipathy against oneā€™s closest amongst Ye, Product of environmentally crucial conditions and life threatening Experiences. Expectancy of oneā€™s self, bias against your own personal morality, yet rondonumba9 is to blame? broaden the scope of perception, openness, &nd understanding. omit prejudgment from yourself as an attribute to attain raw source of ingenuity, thus conceiving the reformed bodily structural embodiment of who youā€™ve become.
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Mirror Reflection Crisis No Longer Will Recur In Your Lifetime After Today.
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qnewsau Ā· 9 months ago
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Commissioner Karen Webb apologises over hate crimes
New Post has been published on https://qnews.com.au/commissioner-karen-webb-apologises-over-hate-crimes/
Commissioner Karen Webb apologises over hate crimes
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NSW Police Commissioner Karen Webb today apologised to the families of gay hate crime victims in response to the findings of the Special Commission of Inquiry into LGBTIQ hate crimes.Ā 
The inquiry investigated the suspicious deaths and unsolved murders of LGBTIQ people in NSW from 1970 until 2010.
Justice Sackar of the Supreme Court of NSW headed the inquiry, which examined 34 deaths over 40 years. The Justice found reason to suspect that LGBTIQ bias was a factor in 21 deaths. He found that LGBTIQ bias was a factor in four deaths, with the remaining nine attributed to misadventure or suicide.
Justice Sackar found that police who investigated the deaths were ā€œindifferent, negligent, dismissive or hostile.ā€
Despite numerous police failings, the judge made a point of not recommending a police apology at the time. Justice Sackar said an apology perceived as coming about because he recommended it would be of limited value.
ā€œMistakes of the past will not define our futureā€
Commissioner Webb today said she was sorry and promised NSW Police would learn lessons from the inquiryā€™s findings.
ā€œI recognise that the investigation failings highlighted by the Special Commission have resulted in enduring hurt for many. They do not represent the standards the community expect of us, and we expect of ourselves.
ā€œTo the victims and families that NSW Police failed by not adequately and fairly investigating those deaths between 1970 and 2010, I am sorry.
ā€œI apologise for the gaps in those investigative processes where records and exhibits were lost or not examined with enough rigour.
ā€œI realise that this has meant missed opportunities to identify possible offenders as new leads emerged or as new forensic advances became available.
ā€œAnd I acknowledge the increased suffering experienced by victims and their families where the crimes were motivated by bias against members of the LGBTIQ community.
ā€œI assure the LGBTIQ community that under my leadership, NSW Police will use these lessons to continue to improve the way it serves all members of the community with respect, fairness, and inclusivity.
ā€œThe mistakes of the past will not define our future.ā€
Advocates respond to NSW Hate Crime Inquiry report.
Nineteen recommendations from NSW Inquiry into LGBTIQ Hate Crimes.
Police blasted in last hearing of NSW Hate Crimes Inquiry.
NSW gay hate crime inquiry extended after police delays.
For the latest LGBTIQA+Ā Sister Girl and Brother BoyĀ news,Ā entertainment,Ā community storiesĀ in Australia, visitĀ qnews.com.au. Check out ourĀ latest magazinesĀ or find us onĀ Facebook,Ā Twitter,Ā InstagramĀ andĀ YouTube.
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aboutanancientenquiry Ā· 1 year ago
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"Programmatic Unity in Herodotus and the Metaphor of the Marketplace (7.152)
By the time Herodotus shifts his focus to the Persian invasions of Greece in the logoi corresponding with books 6-9 of the Histories, his voice appears to shift as well. From then on, we are less likely to encounter Herodotus the intrepid eyewitness, the polemical scientist, or the inquisitive ethnographer than we are in books 1-5 where his critical faculties are so prominently displayed, especially in the accounts of Egypt and Scythia. Marincola attributes this apparent about-face to the fact that the Persian Wars were not as temporally, spatially, or culturally removed from the experiences of Herodotusā€™ fifth-century Greek audience as the words and deeds of barbarians from far-off lands (Marincola 1987: 132). But while distance may help to explain the supposed division between the ā€œethnographicā€ and ā€œhistoricalā€ logoi corresponding with books 1-5 and 6-9 respectively, the methodological underpinnings of the latter are not altogether distinct from the former. One need only peruse the appendix of source citations collated from the entirety of the Histories in Shrimpton and Gillis (1997: 249 ff.) to discern the fallacy behind the remark, that ā€œin the books other than II, Herodotus is still present but no longer participantā€ (Marincola 1987: 133). However, even in cases where Herodotus does notexplicitly claim to rely on į½„ĻˆĪ¹Ļ‚ (ā€œautopsyā€), į¼€ĪŗĪæĪ® (ā€œhearsayā€), or Ī³Ī½ĻŽĪ¼Ī· (ā€œjudgmentā€), it is still possible to detect his authorial presence across the Histories (Dewald 2002: 275).
One of the best examples of this dichotomy of meta-narrative may be found in the discussion of the Argivesā€™ alleged overtures to the Persians prior to the battle of Thermopylae (i.e. 7.148-152), which prefaces the logos about the question of medism as it relates to the Syracusans (7.153-162), the Corcyreans (7.168), the Cretans (7.169-171), and the Thessalians (7.172). Beginning with the prophesy that Argos will be the ā€œhead that protects the bodyā€ (ĪŗĪ¬ĻĪ· Ī“į½² Ļ„į½ø Ļƒįæ¶Ī¼Ī± ĻƒĪ±ĻŽĻƒĪµĪ¹, 7.148.3) as the Hellenic League takes shape, a remark that recalls the primacy of the theft of the Argive princess Io which set off hostilities between Greeks and barbarians (1.1), I contend that this episode recapitulates programmatic patterns established in the proem of the Histories (i.e. 1.1.0-1.5) and thereby extends the methodological continuum of the work beyond the spatium mythicum into the spatium historicum.
Fundamental to this argument is Herodotusā€™ deferral of judgment until the accounts of the Argivesā€™ purported medism have been relayed via indirect speech (i.e. 7.148.2, 150.1, 151.1) in order to focalize competing perspectives and so indicate the omnipresence of bias in historical inquiry. This move squares with his decision to follow up on the Persian and Phoenician accounts of the abductions of Io, Europa, Medea, and Helen only after each side has said its piece in oratio obliqua (Dewald 1999: 224-225). In what amounts to a reprise of this opening priamel (i.e. Ī¤Ī±įæ¦Ļ„Ī± Ī¼Ī­Ī½ Ī½Ļ…Ī½ Ī Ī­ĻĻƒĪ±Ī¹ Ļ„Īµ ĪŗĪ±į½¶ Ī¦ĪæĪÆĪ½Ī¹ĪŗĪµĻ‚ Ī»Ī­Ī³ĪæĻ…ĻƒĪ¹. į¼˜Ī³į½¼ Ī“į½² Īŗ.Ļ„.Ī»., 1.5.3), Herodotus counters his lack of secure knowledge about the Argivesā€™ medism with something he does know (i.e. Īæį½Īŗ į¼”Ļ‡Ļ‰ į¼€Ļ„ĻĪµĪŗĪ­Ļ‰Ļ‚ Īµį¼°Ļ€Īµįæ–Ī½ā€¦į¼˜Ļ€ĪÆĻƒĻ„Ī±Ī¼Ī±Ī¹ Ī“į½² Ļ„ĪæĻƒĪæįæ¦Ļ„Īæ, 7.152.1-2), namely, that all peoples (Ļ€Ī¬Ī½Ļ„ĪµĻ‚ į¼„Ī½ĪøĻĻ‰Ļ€ĪæĪ¹, 7.152.2) would bring home their own evils (Īæį¼°ĪŗĪ®ļæ½ļæ½Ī± ĪŗĪ±ĪŗĪ¬, 7.152.2) from the marketplace if given the opportunity to exchange them with others. This emphasis on human beings and their individual viewpoints over the veracity of the matter at hand is significant in that it evinces much the same anthropological interest in mutability which Herodotus shows at the end of the proem (i.e. Ī¼Ī¹ĪŗĻį½° ĪŗĪ±į½¶ Ī¼ĪµĪ³Ī¬Ī»Ī± į¼„ĻƒĻ„ĪµĪ± į¼€Ī½ĪøĻĻŽĻ€Ļ‰Ī½, 1.5.3; Ī¤į½“Ī½ į¼€Ī½ĪøĻĻ‰Ļ€Ī·ĪÆĪ·Ī½ā€¦Īµį½Ī“Ī±Ī¹Ī¼ĪæĪ½ĪÆĪ·Ī½,1.5.4), when he looks beyond the question of who was ultimately responsible for Greeks and barbarians coming to war with each other and projects into the realm of possibility. The result in both cases is such that even when Herodotus cannot elucidate how something came to be, he can still find ways to advance knowledge in a manner that defies singular explanations and prompts us, the readers, to expand our own inquiries beyond the here and now.
Bibliography Dewald, C. ā€œThe Figured Stage: Focalizing the Initial Narratives of Herodotus and Thucydides.ā€ Contextualizing classics: ideology, performance, dialogue: essays in honor of John J. Peradotto. Eds. T. M. Falkner, N. Felson, and D. Konstan. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 1999: 221-252. Dewald, C. ā€œā€˜I Didnā€™t Give my Own Genealogyā€™: Herodotus and the Authorial Persona.ā€ Brillā€™s Companion to Herodotus. Eds. E. J. Bakker, I. J. F. de Jong, H. van Wees. Leiden: Brill, 2002: 267-289. Marincola, J. ā€œHerodotean Narrative and the Narratorā€™s Presence.ā€ Arethusa 20:1/2 (1987): 121-137. Shrimpton, G. S. and K. M. Gillis. ā€œHerodotusā€™ Source Citations.ā€ History and Memory in Ancient Greece. Ed. G. S. Shrimpton. Montreal: McGill-Queenā€™s University Press, 1997: 229-265 "
Zalin, Mackenzie S. (Duke University), Programmatic Unity in Herodotus and the Metaphor of the Marketplace (7.152) - abstract for the 2016 meeting of CAMWS (The Classical Association of the Middle West and South).
Source: https://camws.org/sites/default/files/meeting2016/094.ProgrammaticUnityinHerodotusandtheMetaphoroftheMarketplace.pdf
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Mackenzie S. Zalin has a PhD in Classical studies from the Duke University (2016).
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