#hemogram

[vetmundoo]

Köpeklerin hemogram testleri, bir veterinerin köpeğin sağlık durumunu değerlendirmesine yardımcı olabilir ve olası bir enfeksiyon, anemi, kanama veya diğer sağlık sorunlarının belirlenmesine yardımcı olabilir. Hemogram, bir hayvanın kanında bulunan hücrelerin sayısını ve tipini ölçen bir testtir.

Köpeklerin hemogram testlerindeki normal parametreler, köpeğin yaşına, cinsiyetine ve ırkına göre değişebilir. Ayrıca, laboratuvarlarda kullanılan test yöntemleri de sonuçları etkileyebilir. Bu nedenle, veteriner hekiminiz köpeğinizin test sonuçlarını yorumlamalı ve size normal aralıkları söylemelidir.

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[thinkingimages]

Joan Fontcuberta | Hemograms

[fatihmedikal]

Hemogram Kan Alma Tüpü (Mor Kapak): Kan Testlerinde Güvenilir Çözümler

Laboratuvar testlerinde kullanılan tıbbi malzemeler, doğru sonuçlar elde edilmesi açısından hayati önem taşır. Hemogram kan alma tüpü (mor kapak), tam kan sayımı (CBC) ve diğer hematolojik testlerde kullanılan temel bir laboratuvar malzemesidir. Mor kapaklı bu tüpler, kanın pıhtılaşmasını engellemek ve hücrelerin bozulmadan laboratuvara ulaşmasını sağlamak amacıyla geliştirilmiştir. Özellikle hematolojik analizlerde güvenilir sonuçlar almak için mor kapaklı hemogram tüpleri kullanılır.

Hemogram Kan Alma Tüpü (Mor Kapak) Nedir?

Hemogram kan alma tüpü, kanın laboratuvarda incelenmek üzere toplanmasını sağlayan steril bir tüptür. Mor kapaklı tüplerin içinde bulunan EDTA (Etilendiamintetraasetik Asit) maddesi, kanın pıhtılaşmasını engeller ve kan hücrelerinin bütünlüğünü korur. Bu tüpler, özellikle tam kan sayımı (CBC), alyuvar, akyuvar ve trombosit sayımı gibi temel hematolojik testlerde kullanılır.

Mor kapaklı tüpler, tam kan sayımı testleri sırasında hücrelerin şekillerini ve sayımlarını koruyarak doğru sonuçlar elde edilmesine yardımcı olur. Kanın pıhtılaşmasını engelleyen bu tüpler, laboratuvar ortamında yapılan testlerde sıkça tercih edilir.

Hemogram Kan Alma T��pü Teknik Özellikleri

Mor kapaklı hemogram kan alma tüpleri, spesifik kan testleri için özel olarak üretilmiştir. Tüplerin özellikleri şu şekildedir:

• Kapak Rengi: Mor

• İçerik: EDTA (Etilendiamintetraasetik Asit) antikoagülan

• Kullanım Alanı: Tam kan sayımı (CBC), hematolojik testler

• Kapasite: Genellikle 2 ml — 5 ml arasında kan alma kapasitesi

• Malzeme: Plastik veya cam, sterilize edilmiş

• Sterilizasyon: Tamamen steril, tek kullanımlık

Hemogram Kan Alma Tüpü Ne İşe Yarar?

Mor kapaklı hemogram kan alma tüpleri, kanın pıhtılaşmasını önleyerek kan hücrelerinin analiz edilmesine olanak tanır. Bu tüpler, tam kan sayımı ve diğer kan hücrelerine yönelik testlerde kullanılır. EDTA maddesi sayesinde kan hücreleri bozulmadan korunur ve laboratuvar testlerinde doğru sonuçlar elde edilir.

Bu tüplerin içinde bulunan antikoagülan maddesi, kanın laboratuvara taşınması sırasında pıhtılaşmasını engeller ve hücrelerin doğal yapısını korur. Özellikle hematolojik testlerin doğruluğu, bu tüplerin işlevselliğine bağlıdır. Bu nedenle, laboratuvarlar ve tıbbi test merkezleri tarafından yaygın olarak tercih edilir.

Hemogram Kan Alma Tüpü Nereden Satın Alınır?

Laboratuvar testlerinde kullanılan tüm malzemelerin kalite ve güvenilirliği büyük önem taşır. Mor kapaklı hemogram kan alma tüpleri, güvenilir medikal tedarikçilerden temin edilmelidir. Fatih Medikal Sağlık Sistemleri, yüksek kaliteli hemogram tüplerini sizlere sunarak laboratuvar testlerinizin doğruluğunu ve güvenilirliğini sağlar.

Hemogram kan alma tüpü (mor kapak) ve diğer laboratuvar malzemeleri konusunda ihtiyaç duyduğunuz her türlü bilgiyi firmamızdan alabilirsiniz.

Hemogram Kan Alma Tüpü Fiyatları

Mor kapaklı hemogram kan alma tüpleri fiyatları, ürünün kapasitesine, malzeme kalitesine ve sterilizasyon özelliklerine göre değişiklik gösterebilir. Fatih Medikal Sağlık Sistemleri, rekabetçi fiyatlarla en yüksek kalite standartlarına sahip hemogram tüplerini sunmaktadır. Fiyatlar ve detaylı bilgi almak için bizimle iletişime geçebilir ve size en uygun çözümleri bulabilirsiniz.

Sonuç

Laboratuvar testlerinin doğruluğu için kullanılan mor kapaklı hemogram kan alma tüpleri, kanın pıhtılaşmasını engelleyerek güvenilir sonuçlar elde edilmesine olanak tanır. Fatih Medikal Sağlık Sistemleri, hemogram tüpleri ve diğer tıbbi malzemeler konusunda sizlere en kaliteli ürünleri sunarak, laboratuvar çalışmalarınızı güvence altına alır.

[danishhealthcare]

Hemogram Test Price in Mumbai

Watch this video till the end to know the more about Hemogram Test. Redcliffe Labs provides Hemogram Test in Mumbai at discounted price.

[sarajcsmicasereports]

Diversity of Radiological Imaging and Clinical Course in Pulmonary MALT Lymphoma: A Case Report  Aras by Journal of Clinical Case Reports, Medical Images and Health Sciences 

Abstract A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department with a three-month history of worsening dyspnea, fatigue, and cough. His vital signs were recorded as follows: blood pressure 138/88 mmHg, heart rate 98 beats/min, respiratory rate 25 breaths/min, temperature 37.8°C, and oxygen saturation 91%. During the lung auscultation, breath sounds were absent in the lower left lung, while crepitant rales were audible in the upper zone and the right lung. CT scan of the chest showed 1 cm lymph nodes, pleural effusion, fibrotic changes, varicose-cystic bronchiectasis, as well as consolidations and atelectasis with air bronchograms in both lungs. Furthermore, thoracic ultrasonography revealed a large effusion in the left hemithorax, measuring 11 cm. He was hospitalized after the placement of a pleural catheter. Radiological diversity and the clinical course of the patient posed challenges for establishing a differential diagnosis. TL; DR: In this paper; we aimed to present a case of MALT lymphoma that manifested in the lung and caused diagnostic confusion with radiological and clinical symptoms. Introduction MALT (Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue) is the lymphoid tissue that plays a role in mucosal defense. It includes functional memory B lymphocytes, which are essential for the immune response. They are not physiologically present in the lungs, but they become active there in response to infections and chronic antigenic stimulation. Marginal zone B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MALT Lymphoma) accounts for 8% of adult lymphomas. Although it is most commonly seen in the stomach, it can also be seen in the salivary glands, thyroid and lungs (1). It is the most common type of lymphoma in the lung. It presents common radiological, pathological, and clinical findings with infection and other granulomatous diseases, making differential diagnosis quite difficult for the clinician. In this paper, we aimed to present our case, which we had difficulty in diagnosing in the clinic.  Case Presentation A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department with worsening dyspnea, fatigue, and cough over the past three months. The chest X-ray of the patient showed a consolidation extending from the center to the periphery in the left upper zone near the aortic arch, an increased density indicative of pleural effusion with sinus obliteration on the left, and a consolidation extending from the hilum to the lower zone near the heart edge  on the right (Figure 1). During the lung auscultation, breath sounds were absent in the lower left lung, while crepitant rales were detected in the upper zone and on the right side. Blood pressure was 138/88 mmHg, pulse was 98 beats /min, respiratory rate was 34 breaths/min, and oxygen saturation was 91%. At the time of admission, the patient's biochemical analysis results were as follows: Glucose (normal range: 70-115), urea 31 mg/ (normal range: 17-43), creatinine 0.77 mg/, protein 65.8 g/L (normal range: 66- 83), albumin 39.3 g/ (normal range: 35-53), LDH 423 U/L (normal range: <247), CRP 21.6 mg/L, procalcitonin <0.01 ng/mL, and pro-BNP 8 . The hemogram evaluation results were as follows: Leukocyte count 8.27 x 10³/µL, Erythrocyte count 5.16 x 10⁶, Hemoglobin 15.6 g/ Hematocrit48.3%, Platelet count 240,000, Lymphocyte count 2.05 x 10³, Eosinophils 3.4%, and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio 2.47 x 10e3/ fibrotic changes extending to the pleura, varicose-cystic bronchiectasis, and consolidations and atelectasis with air bronchograms in both lungs. There was also a massive fluid of 11 cm in the left hemithorax. (Figure 2). A thoracentesis was conducted on the patient’s left side following the detection of 13 cm of pleural fluid on thoracic ultrasonography. Lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and mesothelial cells were observed in the cytological examination of the pleural fluid, but no atypical cells were detected. There was 98% Figure 1: PA chest X-ray on admission Figure 2: First Presented Thorax Tomography at emergency

[vetmundoo]

Kedilerin hemogram sonuçları, veteriner hekim tarafından değerlendirilmesi gereken önemli bir tıbbi testtir. Hemogram, kedilerin kan parametrelerinin ölçülmesine ve belirlenmesine yardımcı olan bir testtir. Bu test, kedinin sağlık durumu hakkında değerli bilgiler sağlayabilir ve birçok farklı hastalığın tanısına yardımcı olabilir. Ancak, hemogram sonuçları tek başına yorumlanmamalıdır.

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https://vetmundo.com.tr/kedilerin-hemogram-sonuclari/

[tauforged]

oh shit i got my fucking hemogram results back!

[myrawjcsmicasereports]

 Diversity of Radiological Imaging and Clinical Course in Pulmonary MALT Lymphoma  by Aras G1, Zirek Mandal T1, Kanmaz D1, Pehlivan S1, Fener N2, Özbek in Journal of Clinical Case Reports Medical Images and Health SciencesM3.

Abstract :

A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department with a three-month history of worsening dyspnea, fatigue, and cough. His vital signs were recorded as follows: blood pressure 138/88 mmHg, heart rate 98 beats/min, respiratory rate 25 breaths/min, temperature 37.8°C, and oxygen saturation 91%. During the lung auscultation, breath sounds were absent in the lower left lung, while crepitant rales were audible in the upper zone and the right lung. CT scan of the chest showed 1 cm lymph nodes, pleural effusion, fibrotic changes, varicose-cystic bronchiectasis, as well as consolidations and atelectasis with air bronchograms in both lungs. Furthermore, thoracic ultrasonography revealed a large effusion in the left hemithorax, measuring 11 cm. He was hospitalized after the placement of a pleural catheter. Radiological diversity and the clinical course of the patient posed challenges for establishing a differential diagnosis. TL; DR: In this paper; we aimed to present a case of MALT lymphoma that manifested in the lung and caused diagnostic confusion with radiological and clinical symptoms.

 Introduction:

     MALT (Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue) is the lymphoid tissue that plays a role in mucosal defense. It includes functional memory B lymphocytes, which are essential for the immune response. They are not physiologically present in the lungs, but they become active there in response to infections and chronic antigenic stimulation. Marginal zone B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MALT Lymphoma) accounts for 8% of adult lymphomas. Although it is most commonly seen in the stomach, it can also be seen in the salivary glands, thyroid and lungs (1). It is the most common type of lymphoma in the lung. It presents common radiological, pathological, and clinical findings with infection and other granulomatous diseases, making differential diagnosis quite difficult for the clinician.In this paper, we aimed to present our case, which we had difficulty in diagnosing in the clinic. 

  Case Presentation:

 A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department with worsening dyspnea, fatigue, and cough over the past three months. The chest X-ray of the patient showed a consolidation extending from the center to the periphery in the left upper zone near the aortic arch, an increased density indicative of pleural effusion with sinus obliteration on the left, and a consolidation extending from the hilum to the lower zone near the heart edge During the lung auscultation, breath sounds were absent in the lower left lung, while crepitant rales were detected in the upper zone and on the right side. Blood pressure was 138/88 mmHg, pulse was 98 beats /min, respiratory rate was 34 breaths/min, and oxygen saturation was 91%. At the time of admission, the patient's biochemical analysis results were as follows: Glucose 77 mg/dL (normal range: 70-115), urea 31 mg/dL (normal range: 17-43), creatinine 0.77 mg/dL, protein 65.8 g/L (normal range: 66- 83), albumin 39.3 g/dL (normal range: 35-53), LDH 423 U/L (normal range: <247), CRP 21.6 mg/L, procalcitonin <0.01ng/mL, and pro-BNP 8 pg/mL. The hemogram evaluation results were as follows: Leukocyte count 8.27 x 10³/µL, Erythrocyte count 5.16 x 10⁶/uL, Hemoglobin 15.6 g/ dL, Hematocrit (Hct) 48.3%, Platelet count 240,000/uL, Lymphocyte count 2.05 x 10³/uL, Eosinophils 3.4%, and Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio 2.47 x 10e3/uL. 

    The patient’s chest CT scan showed 1 cm lymph nodes in the mediastinum, fibrotic changes extending to the pleura, varicose-cystic bronchiectasis, and consolidations and atelectasis with air bronchograms in both lungs. There was also a massive fluid of 11 cm in the left hemithorax. (Figure 2). A thoracentesis was conducted on the patient’s left side following the detection of 13 cm of pleural fluid on thoracic ultrasonography. Lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and mesothelial cells were observed in the cytological examination of the pleural fluid, but no atypical cells were detected. There was 98% lymphocyte dominance in the cell count. In the biochemical analysis, the pH was 7.440, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was 206 U/L, total protein was 39.40 g/dL, albumin was 25 g/dL, glucose was 60 mg/dL, and adenosine deaminase (ADA) was 34.4 U/L. Gram staining of the fluid, bacterial, fungal, and acid-fast bacilli growth were all negative. The patient's fluid was drained by aspiration. An intrapleural catheter was placed due to the high amount of fluid and increased dyspnea. The patient was admitted to the ward and initiated on oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, and antibiotics. The pleural fluid sent for cytological analysis two more times during the patient's hospitalization was found to be serohemorrhagic. Upon reevaluating his microbiological results, no growth was observed. Although many lymphoid cells were seen in the cytopathological examination of the patient's second pleural fluid, no atypical features were monitored. The patient's condition stabilized during clinical follow-up, and the pleural catheter was removed. However, after a while, the patient's dyspnea complaint recurred and the catheter was placed again because of the increase in fluid on the radiograph (Figure 3). There was no change in the infection markers of the patient, who also had fever from time to time, and CRP ranged between 20 and 16 mg/dL during follow-up. There was no growth in his small amount of sputum and blood cultures taken during the fever. The patient underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy and no endobronchial lesions were detected. Wang fine needle aspiration and bronchial lavage were applied to mediastinal lymphadenomegaly Wang IA revealed lymphoid cells, but a definitive diagnosis could not be obtained. No findings were found in the lavage other than bronchial epithelial cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes

    No FDG uptake was detected in the pleural fluid during the patient's whole-body positron emission tomography (PET-CT) scan, though minimal FDG uptake was observed in certain pleural areas. Consolidated/ground glass foci with the focal lepidic appearance in places were detected with left lung lingular, lower lobe central SUVmax 9.14, and right lung lower lobe SUVmax 6.55 and were evaluated to be in favor of malignant processes. Abdominal ultrasonography was unremarkable. No extrapulmonary findings were monitored in PET-CT scan either.

    When Wang IA did not yield any results, endoscopic ultrasonographic bronchoscopy (EBUS) was performed. The pathological interpretation was in favor of granulomatous inflammation, as mature transformed lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, epithelioid histiocytes, and loose granuloma-like structures formed by epithelioid histiocyte clusters and multinucleated giant cells were observed in the materials obtained. Alveolar sarcoidosis was taken into account, but the serum angiotensin converting enzyme level was also found to be normal at 39.1 U/L (8- 52.0).

    The patient was discharged due to the clinical stability of the patient with CRP 3.2 and procalcitonin <0.01 and was called for a follow-up at a later date. In the meantime, the patient was discussed at the surgical council. A decision was made to perform video-assisted thoracoscopy due to the fluid not regressing, increased dyspnea, and malignant involvement in PET-CT.

    During the procedure conducted under general anesthesia, 400 cc of fluid was aspirated. Biopsies were obtained from two distinct areas of the pleura and from a nodular region on the diaphragm, followed by talc pleurodesis. Samples were sent to microbiology and pathology. The patient, having experienced no complications, was discharged following the procedure . Pathology: Samples taken from the parietal pleura and the nodule on the diaphragm were evaluated as low-grade non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and interpreted as extra-nodal marginal zone lymphoma (MALT) by the pathologist .

Discussion 

    Clinical: The patient, who had been admitted to the emergency room with symptoms of dyspnea, hypoxia, and fever, was hospitalized after pleural fluid was exudate and consolidation was detected. Although the patient's clinical symptoms were severe, CRP was moderately high, and the occasional fever despite antibiotic therapy during hospitalization suggested diagnoses such as malignancy and tuberculosis, in addition to non-specific infection. Lymphomatous proliferation can involve the lung in various ways. Non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma can present in the lung through hematogenous spread or by invading from adjacent mediastinal lymph nodes. However, primary involvement of the lung is also possible. Primary lymphomas should not have extra-pulmonary organ involvement for at least 3 months after diagnosis. The most common are MALT and effusion lymphomas (2). Effusion lymphomas may involve the pericardial and peritoneal cavities, with the most common primary involvement being the pleura, without solid organ involvement. Human-Herpes-8 infection and EBV may be accompanied by fever and lymphocytic-exudative fluid. HHV-8 negative cases have a better prognosis (3). In this case, there was also an exudative pleural effusion. However, although pleural involvement was not detected in the fluid cytological examination, pleural involvement was detected in biopsies. However, it is not possible to say that the patient only has effusion lymphoma (PEL). MALT (Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue) lymphoma is the type of lymphoma that most commonly involves pulmonary tissue, is often asymptomatic, and shows radiological alveolar opacities. Although it is more commonly affected in people aged 50-60, it can rarely be seen under the age of 30. It constitutes 60% of pulmonary lymphomas. Weight loss and fever are especially prominent during the aggressive phase, though the condition may initially be asymptomatic. Autoimmune disease may be the basis in 16% of cases (1,4). The prognosis of MALT lymphomas is good; 5–10-year survival is more than 80% (5).

   Radiological: 

MALT lymphoma exhibits radiological variability, appearing as single or multiple bilateral lesions on both chest radiography and thoracic tomography. Chronic alveolar localized opacities smaller than 5 cm on radiography are accompanied by consolidation in 50% of cases. Diffuse reticulonodular opacity, atelectasis, and pleural effusion are detected in less than 10% of cases (1). In our case, there was also pleural fluid along with similar findings. Findings such as consolidation (60-77%) with air bronchogram and increased vascularity or multiple mass nodules, ground glass, halo sign, galaxy sign specific to tuberculosis and sarcoidosis have been reported in case series and reports. In addition, varicose cystic bronchiectasis secondary to consolidation can be detected. However, it is not possible to state that these findings are specific to MALT lymphoma. These radiological images are also observed in adenocarcinoma, pneumonia, metastases, sarcoidosis, and tuberculosis (6,7). In this case, chest X-ray revealed bilateral multifocal consolidation and densities indicative of pleural effusion. Consolidation, pleural effusion, varicose cystic bronchiectasis changes and mediastinal lymphadenomegaly were detected on thoracic tomography. None of these radiological findings were specific to lymphoma and diagnosis could not have been made without pathological examination. The partial alleviation of the patient's clinical symptoms compared to the beginning and the patient's relief with the drainage of the pleural fluid suggested possibilities such as infection, alveolar sarcoidosis, or adenocarcinoma when we did not have pathological data. Nevertheless, when intermittent fevers began to occur during the clinical course, it was obvious that lymphoma could not be excluded from the diagnosis. No endobronchial lesion was detected in the bronchoscopy performed on the patient; Wang fine needle aspiration and then endobronchial ultrasonographic biopsy were performed for mediastinal lymphadenomegaly. The sensitivity and specificity of positron emission tomography (PET-CT) in lymphoma varies according to organ involvement. It has been reported as 80-100% in lung involvement (8, 9). In our case, high SUVmax FDG uptake in consolidated foci in lepidic structure was monitored in PET-CT, and pleural uptake was minimal. The presence of clinical symptoms and high FDG uptake necessitated a video-assisted-thoracoscopic (VATS) procedure.

Pathological: 

    In the pleural fluid sample examined at the start of the treatment, abundant lymphoid cells were detected, but no atypical structures were observed. There were findings of granulomatous inflammation in the samples obtained from the mediastinal lymph nodes of the patient. In fact, in the biopsy samples taken by video-assisted thoracoscopy, lowgrade B-cell non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (CD20 positive (diffuse cells), anti-BCL-2 positive, anti Ki-67 low positive) and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma were detected in the parietal pleura. Pathologically, the lymphomatous infiltrate in MALT lymphoma exhibits heterogeneous features and consists of small lymphocytes, centrocyte-like cells, monocytoid B cells, rarely large transformed cells and plasma cells (10). Necrosis is rare. Neoplastic cells are expressed in CD 20 and CD 79. Ki67 index is lower than 20%. Lymphoma and sarcoidosis are similar in terms of clinical and radiological phenotype. Distinguishing lowgrade lymphomas from sarcoid lesions can be challenging; sarcoid granulomatous lesions may be accompanied by lymphoid cell infiltration. In addition, sarcoid-like reactions are frequently seen in malignant lymphomas. Moreover, sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome was first described in the study by Brincker et al. They reported that lymphoma was 5.5 times more common in sarcoidosis patients than in the general population, indicating the presence of sarcoidosis years before lymphoma (11, 12). Kokuho N et al reported MALT lymphoma in the lung for the first time in a ten-year-old sarcoidosis case with ocular, gastric and lung involvement (13). In this case, granulomatous inflammation was detected in mediastinal LAMs, but no findings of sarcoidosis were found in ocular, cardiac, renal examinations, angiotensinconverting enzyme, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, and 24- hour urine calcium analyses. There was also no abnormality in abdominal ultrasonography. We believe that the granulomatous inflammation in our case was reactive to immune deficiency.

    Conclusion The patient was started on Rituximab treatment by the hematology department. Clinical and radiological improvement was observed following treatment. In the follow-up PET-CT examination, regression in consolidated areas, decrease in FDG uptake, and metabolic partial regression were detected compared to the initial examination (Figure 6). Lymphomas, which do not have specific radiological and symptomatic features, can mimic most diseases of the respiratory system and do not present with a noisy picture, requiring the clinician to be persistent in making the diagnosis.

References:

1. Borie R, Wislez M, Antoine M, Cadranel J (2017), Lymphoproliferative Disorders of the Lung. Respiration 94:157-175 2. Cadranel J, Wislez M, Antoine M (2002), Primary pulmonary lymphoma. Eur Respir J 20:750-62 3. Kattih Z, Mahajan A, Vojnic M, et al. (2022), Rapidly Accumulating Effusion in an Immunocompetent Woman, Chest 161: e377-e382 4. Wislez M, Thabut G, Antoine M et al. (2009); Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of pulmonary MALT lymphoma. European Respiratory Journal 234: 1408-1416 5. Koss MN (2004) Malignant and benign lymphoid lesions of the lung. Ann Diagn Pathol 8:167-87 6. Song Y, Sung YE, Beck KS, et al. (2023) Radiological and pathological analysis of the galaxy sign in patients with pulmonary mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Thorac Cancer 14:2459-2466 7. Deng W, Wan Y, Yu JQ (2019) Pulmonary MALT Lymphoma has variable features on CT. Scientific Reports 9:8657 8. Albano D, Borghesi A, Bosio G, et al (2017) Pulmonary mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: 18F-FDG PET/CT and CT findings in 28 patients. Br J Radiol 90:20170311 9. Enomoto K, Hamada K, Inohara H, et al (2008) Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma studied with FDG-PET: a comparison with CT and endoscopic findings. Ann Nucl Med 22:261-267 10. Pina-Oviedo S, Roggli VL, Sporn TA, et al (2023) Diagnostic Approach to Pulmonary B-Cell Lymphomas in Small Biopsies, with Practical Recommendations to Avoid Misinterpretation. Diagnostics (Basel) 13:3321 11. Brincker H (1986) The sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome. Br J Cancer 54:467–73 12. El Jammal T, Pavic M, Gerfaud-Valentin M, et al. Sarcoidosis and Cancer: A Complex Relationship. Front Med (Lausanne) (2020) 24:594118 13. Kokuho N, Terasaki Y, Urushiyama H, et al. (2016) Pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma associated with pulmonary sarcoidosis: a case report and literature review. Hum Pathol 51:57-63 

[sifatipmerkezi]

Tahlilden Kaç Saat Önce Yemek Yenebilir?

Tıbbi tahlillerin doğru sonuç vermesi için bazı kuralların izlenmesi gereklidir. Bunlardan en önemlisi tahlil öncesi açlık süresine dikkat edilmesidir. Bu makalede “tahlilden kaç saat önce yemek yenebilir?”, “tahlil öncesi açlık” ve “aç kalınan tahliler” konularını ele alacağız.

Tahlil Öncesi Açlık Neden Önemli?

Tahlil öncesi açlık test sonuçlarının doğruluğunu doğrudan etkileyen bir faktördür. Özellikle kan şeker testi, kolesterol, trigliserid ve bazı hormon testleri gibi pek çok biyokimyasal tahlil, vücutta besin alımından sonra değişiklik gösterir. Yemek yedikten sonra kandaki glikoz ve lipit seviyeleri artar; bu da sonuçların yanıltıcı olmasına neden olabilir.

Tahlilden Kaç Saat Önce Yemek Yenmelidir?

Genel olarak birçok tahlil için 8–12 saat açlık gereklidir. Peki hangi tahlilden kaç saat önce yenebilir:

Kan Şekeri Testi: En az 8 saat aç kalınması önerilir. Gece boyunca yemek yemeyip sabah erken saatlerde kan alınması en idealidir.

Lipid Profili (Kolesterol ve Trigliserid): Bu testler için genellikle 9–12 saatlik bir açlık süresi gereklidir.

Demir ve Vitamin Testleri: Genellikle sabah aç karnına yapılması önerilir.

Hormon Testleri (örneğin, tiroid hormonları): Bu testlerin bazıları açlık gerektirmese de, doktorunuzun önerilerine uymak önemlidir.

Tahlil Öncesi Açlık Süresine Dikkat Edilmezse Ne Olur?

Tahlil öncesi açlık süresine dikkat edilmezse, test sonuçları yanlış veya yanıltıcı olabilir. Örneğin tok karna yapılan bir kan şekeri testi normalden yüksek çıkabilir. Bu da yanlış teşhislere ve gereksiz tedavilere yol açabilir.

Yemek sonrası alınan lipid profili, kolesterol ve trigliserid seviyelerinin olduğundan yüksek çıkmasına neden olabilir. Bu durum, özellikle kalp-damar sağlığınızı değerlendiren doktorların yanlış yönlendirilmesine yol açabilir.

Hangi Tahliller Aç Kalınmadan Yapılabilir?

Her tahlil açlık gerektirmez. Örneğin:

Tam Kan Sayımı (Hemogram): Açlık gerektirmez ve günün herhangi bir saatinde yapılabilir.

İdrar Testleri: Çoğunlukla aç kalınmasına gerek yoktur.

Bazı Hormon Testleri: Bazı hormon testleri (örneğin, TSH) genellikle açlık gerektirmese de, doktorunuzun önerisi doğrultusunda hareket etmeniz en doğrusu olacaktır.

Tahlilden Önce Nelere Dikkat Edilmeli?

Tahliller sağlık durumunu değerlendirmek ve doğru teşhis koymak için önemli bir araçtır. Ancak, doğru ve güvenilir sonuçlar alabilmek için tahlil öncesinde bazı kurallara dikkat etmek gereklidir. İşte “tahlil öncesinde nelere dikkat edilmeli” konusunda bilgilendirici bir rehber:

Açlık Süresine Dikkat Edin

Bazı tahlillerin doğru sonuç verebilmesi için belirli bir süre aç kalmak gereklidir. Örneğin, kan şekeri, kolesterol ve trigliserid testleri genellikle 8–12 saatlik bir açlık süresi gerektirir. Tahlilden önce aç kalmanız gereken süreyi doktorunuz veya laboratuvar çalışanları size bildirecektir.

Su İçmek Serbesttir

Tahlil öncesinde su içmek genellikle serbesttir ve hatta vücudu susuz bırakmamak açısından önerilir. Ancak, aşırı su tüketiminden kaçınmalısınız, çünkü bu durum bazı tahlil sonuçlarını etkileyebilir.

Kafein ve Alkol Tüketiminden Kaçının

Tahlil öncesinde 24 saat boyunca kafeinli içeceklerden ve alkol tüketiminden kaçınmak önemlidir. Bu maddeler, özellikle hormon ve metabolik testlerin sonuçlarını etkileyebilir.

İlaç Kullanımını Doktorunuza Bildirin

Düzenli kullandığınız ilaçlar varsa, tahlil öncesinde doktorunuza veya laboratuvar yetkililerine bu konuda bilgi vermelisiniz. Bazı ilaçlar, kan değerlerini veya diğer tahlil sonuçlarını etkileyebilir. Doktorunuz, gerekli görürse tahlil öncesinde ilaç kullanımınıza ara vermenizi önerebilir.

Egzersizden Kaçının

Tahlil ��ncesindeki 24 saat içinde ağır egzersiz yapmaktan kaçının. Yoğun fiziksel aktiviteler, kan değerlerinizde geçici değişikliklere yol açabilir ve sonuçların yanıltıcı olmasına neden olabilir.

Uyku Düzeni

Tahlil öncesinde iyi bir uyku almak önemlidir. Uykusuzluk veya yetersiz uyku, stres hormonlarınızı ve bazı biyokimyasal değerleri etkileyebilir.

Beslenme Düzeni

Tahlil öncesindeki günlerde ağır, yağlı ve şekerli yiyeceklerden kaçınmak faydalı olacaktır. Özellikle kolesterol ve trigliserid testlerinden önceki gün, hafif yemekler tercih edilmelidir.

Stresten Uzak Durun

Stres, vücuttaki kortizol ve diğer hormon seviyelerini etkileyebilir. Bu da tahlil sonuçlarını doğrudan etkileyebilir. Tahlil öncesinde mümkün olduğunca rahatlamaya çalışın ve stresten uzak durun.

Özel Pendik Şifa Tıp Merkezi’nde Tahlil Hizmetleri

Özel Pendik Şifa Tıp Merkezi olarak tahlillerinizi en doğru ve güvenilir şekilde yapabilmeniz için gerekli bilgilendirmeyi ve hizmeti sunuyoruz. Uzman ekibimiz, tahlil öncesi açlık süresine dikkat etmeniz gerektiğinde sizi bilgilendirir ve testlerinizi doğru sonuçlarla değerlendirir. Geniş laboratuvar imkanlarımız ve deneyimli kadromuz ile sağlık takibinizde yanınızdayız.

[rajeev-r]

What is a Hematology Analyzer? How to Choose the Right One?

Hematology analyzers are used to conduct hemograms or full blood counts. They do quantitative and qualitative examinations of platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. These are primarily utilized in hematology departments of hospitals or laboratories that analyze medical biology. Hematology analyzers provide the benefit of speed, as the analysis procedure is often automated and requires little to no operator intervention. Additionally, this has the benefit of increasing precision and reducing errors. The second advantage is Accurate, which produces outcomes with better distinctiveness. Its adaptability is the major point.

Alfarsi is the Leading Hematology Analyzer Supplier in Muscat, Oman, offers the best hematology analyzers that are useful for your laboratories. When it comes to selection, you should consider some points while choosing the right hematology analyzers.

Product Features and Specifications: Features of the analyzers will differ. Making the right decision therefore depends on your specific testing needs. These instruments often offer features like an easy-to-use software interface, automatic quality assurance processes, a single button operator interface, and straightforward programming options. Pick a model that can swiftly produce accurate, dependable results.

Choosing The Right Brand: One of the most important factors in purchasing hematology analyzers is brand selection. The greatest hematology analyzers are available from Alfarsi.me, the top Laboratory Equipment Supplier in Muscat, Oman, and they are beneficial for your labs.

Consider Lab Space: Laboratories with limited room should utilize a space-saving model. Alfarsi, for instance, offers hematological analyzers, which free up crucial countertop space in clinics, blood banks, and other facilities like physician’s office laboratories (POLs). They eliminate the need for huge liquid chemicals and diluents, providing speedy and precise CBC results.

Accuracy: The measurement of the CBC, or complete blood count, is one of the most important laboratory tests. Six independent automated blood cell counters were used in this experiment, and the results showed that the CBC was highly accurate. The correlation between these instruments’ CBC counts was strong as well. On the other hand, the accuracy of aberrant samples depended on the equipment being used and the specifics of the clinical situation. In 1996, the NCCLS H26-A issued a recommendation for automated multichannel hematology analyzers’ internal quality control.

Basic analyzers provide a three-part differential white blood cell (WBC) count along with a complete blood count (CBC). You must follow above points while buying hematology analyzers for your lab. Alfarsi, the Leading  Laboratory Equipment Supplier in Muscat, Oman caters to the needs of specialized stand-alone medical laboratories or in-house clinical laboratory business in worldwide. We work together with our customers in helping the patients with clinical specimens for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.

Give us a call if you want additional details on laboratory settings, hematology analyzers and specific information for your next laboratory project.

[delusionalnerdt]

7 September 2024

Year 2 Day 5

Medicine : Hemogram

Microbiology : HAI and Precautions

Community medicine : Emerging and re emerging disease.

Well, it's too hot in here and I feel so tired after classes. I have been doing much after classes. And I'm busy with some preparation for a competition too. That's all I did after classes today.

[1qrishealth]

Expert CBC Testing in Delhi by Qris Health: Essential for Your Health

At Qris Health, we provide reliable CBC testing in Delhi. Our CBC test looks at key parts of your blood to help identify health issues and track your well-being. We use modern tools and expert care to give you clear and accurate results, so you can stay healthy and informed.

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