#goa government job requirement

[mariacallous]

The Covid-19 pandemic played a key role in the global supply chain logjam of the last 18 months that has disrupted commerce and fueled a cost-of-living crisis around the world. And it seems that no pipeline escaped its impact. After years of trying to raise awareness about a shortage of dogs with the necessary genetic, physical, and emotional attributes to work as bomb-detection dogs in the United States, experts say that pandemic-related turmoil has complicated the situation even more.

The US sources 85 to 90 percent of its detection canines from overseas, particularly from European countries like Germany and the Netherlands. Dogs receive advanced training in a number of sub-specialties including bomb and drug detection and search and rescue. But their breeding, genetics, environment, and training during early life are all crucial to producing dogs with the mental and physical characteristics that will protect them on the job and enable a good quality of life. 

“The canine nose is the best technology we have for locating explosives, so we need to have a very consistent and high-quality source of dogs,” says Sheila Goffe, vice president of government relations at the American Kennel Club. "We used to talk about, well, what if there's a global crisis or geopolitical issues, we’re not going to be able to get all of these dogs we’re importing from Europe. And then it happened.”

In congressional testimony in March 2016, Cindy Otto, executive director of the Penn Vet Working Dog Center at the University of Pennsylvania, warned the Senate homeland security committee about these risks. “By outsourcing our national security requirements we give up control of the type of dogs, the health of the dogs, and the early training of the dogs,” she said at the time. “We also are at risk for supply interruption due to politics, disaster, or disease.”

Today, she says that she sees progress toward expanding the domestic supply of detection dogs in the US. Expanded federal contracts for projects at Johns Hopkins Advanced Physics Laboratory, Auburn University, Gallant Technologies, K2 Solutions, and others are working to develop new technologies and procedures to support an expanded network for domestic detection dog breeding. And programs like the American Kennel Club's “Patriotic Puppy Program” are working to teach existing US breeders about the requirements and criteria for specifically focusing on detection dogs. But she adds that the progress has been incremental and takes years of foundational work to bear fruit.

“I wish we were way further along, but certainly the pandemic slowed the research down, slowed all the programs down," Otto told WIRED. “It restricted the inflow of dogs from overseas and slowed progress in this country to establish alternatives—it just beat us all up.”

Last month, the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) released a nearly 100-page report about working dogs and the need for federal agencies to better safeguard their health and wellness. The GOA says the US federal government had approximately 5,100 working dogs, including detection dogs, across three federal agencies, as of February. Another 420 dogs “served the federal government in 24 contractor-managed programs within eight departments and two independent agencies,” the GAO report says.

The report also underscores the demands placed on detection dogs and the potential for overwork if there aren't enough dogs available. "Working dogs might need the strength to suddenly run fast, or to leap over a tall barrier, as well as the physical stamina to stand or walk all day," the report says. “They might need to search over rubble or in difficult environmental conditions, such as extreme heat or cold, often wearing heavy body armor. They also might spend the day detecting specific scents among thousands of others, requiring intense mental concentration. Each function requires dogs to undergo specialized training.”

As institutions emerge from pandemic restrictions, they are scrambling to make up lost time on two equally important components of the problem: developing procedures for reliably producing successful detection dogs and actually breeding and raising puppies. Auburn University focuses on the former.

“At Auburn, we were fortunate that the pandemic did not force us to stop doing research altogether, but we were affected by scheduling issues, supply chain issues, all the things that slow the pace of progress down,” says Skip Bartol, associate dean of research and graduate studies at the Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine. “There is not yet a road map to a complete solution to domestic sourcing for detection dogs, but what we are trying to do is establish best scientific practices. Everything from making sound genetic decisions about the breeding of detector canines to their development as puppies to how early environment affects their lifelong potential.”

Problems with procurement and breeding during the pandemic mean that the population of bomb dogs working in the US right now may be aging and stretched even more than usual. And the bottom line, for now, is that the US is still heavily reliant on procuring detection dogs from other countries. As the University of Pennsylvania's Otto puts it, “It's a combination of factors, but there is definitely still a very unmet need.”

[sanjana-s]

How the Real Estate Sector in India is Shaping the Country’s Economy

The real estate sector in India has grown a lot in the past few years and is now one of the most important parts of the economy. This sector includes different types of properties like homes, offices, shopping malls, and hotels. The increasing population, people moving to cities, and rising incomes have all helped this sector grow. In this article, we will explain how the real estate market works, what drives its growth, and what challenges it faces.

 Indian Real Estate Market

India’s real estate sector is huge, providing jobs for many people and contributing to the country’s GDP. It is divided into four main parts: housing, retail (shops and malls), hospitality (hotels and resorts), and commercial real estate (offices). Among these, housing is the biggest part. With many people moving to cities and earning more money, the demand for homes has risen sharply. This has led to the construction of affordable homes, luxury apartments, and everything in between.

 Residential Real Estate Growth

The housing market in India has grown because more people need places to live in cities. Government programs like Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana are helping build affordable homes for everyone. These programs make it easier for people to buy homes at lower prices. Additionally, many homebuyers now want homes that offer good quality of life, with amenities like parks, gyms, and shops within the complex.

There is also a growing interest in eco-friendly housing. People, especially younger buyers, prefer homes that are built with sustainable materials and designed to save energy.

 Commercial Real Estate: Offices and Workspaces

The commercial real estate sector deals with offices and workplaces. The demand for office spaces is growing, especially in cities like Bangalore, Hyderabad, and Pune. This is because of the growth in industries like IT (Information Technology) and BPO (Business Process Outsourcing), which require large office buildings. 

Many companies are also moving to co-working spaces where different businesses share the same office. These spaces are becoming popular with start-ups and small businesses, helping them save money.

 Retail and Hospitality: Shopping and Travel

The retail sector in India has changed a lot with the development of shopping malls and retail outlets. Malls now offer more than just shopping—they have cinemas, restaurants, and entertainment areas, making them popular destinations for families. 

The hospitality sector—which includes hotels and resorts—is growing, too. Domestic and international travel is picking up, leading to more demand for hotels, especially in popular tourist spots like Goa and Kerala.

 Challenges in Real Estate

While the real estate sector is growing, it faces some problems. One big challenge is regulation. In 2016, the government introduced the Real Estate Regulatory Authority (RERA) to make the market more transparent and protect homebuyers. However, issues like delays in getting approval for projects, problems with land acquisition, and rising construction costs continue to slow down progress.

Another challenge is funding. Developers often struggle to get enough money to complete projects, especially after recent financial issues with Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs). This has caused delays in the completion of many housing projects.

 Future of Real Estate sector in India

The future looks bright for India’s real estate market. One exciting development is PropTech, which uses technology to make buying, selling, and managing property easier. Another trend is the creation of smart cities, which focus on sustainable living and improved infrastructure.

Fractional ownership is also becoming more popular. This allows multiple people to invest in a property together, making it more affordable for everyone. The shift to working from home due to the pandemic has also increased the demand for homes with office-friendly spaces.

 Government Support for Real Estate

The Indian government has introduced several programs to boost real estate growth. Initiatives like Housing for All, RERA, and the Affordable Housing Scheme have helped make housing more accessible. Additionally, foreign direct investment (FDI) rules have been relaxed, allowing more international companies to invest in Indian real estate.

 Conclusion

In short, the real estate sector in India is set for continued growth. More people are buying homes, and businesses are expanding their office spaces. With government support and new trends like smart cities and PropTech, the future looks bright for both homebuyers and investors in the Indian real estate market.

[newstv90]

The Goa Public Service Commission (Goa PSC) is set to announce its recruitment drive for the year 2024. This annual event is a significant opportunity for job seekers aiming to secure positions within the state government. The recruitment process is designed to fill various vacancies across different departments and services, ensuring the efficient functioning of the state's administrative machinery.

The Goa PSC will release detailed notifications outlining the available positions, eligibility criteria, and application procedures. Candidates can expect a range of posts, including administrative, technical, and executive roles, catering to diverse professional backgrounds and qualifications.

To apply, candidates must carefully review the eligibility requirements specified in the official notification. These typically include educational qualifications, age limits, and relevant experience. The application process is usually conducted online, providing a convenient platform for applicants to submit their forms and track their progress.

The selection process for Goa PSC recruitment generally involves a series of stages, including a preliminary exam, main exam, and an interview. Each stage assesses different aspects of the candidates' knowledge, skills, and suitability for the role. It is crucial for applicants to prepare thoroughly for these examinations to enhance their chances of success.

In addition to the competitive examination, the Goa PSC may also consider candidates' academic performance, work experience, and other relevant criteria. Keeping abreast of the latest updates and adhering to the deadlines is essential for a smooth application process.

Overall, the Goa PSC recruitment for 2024 represents a valuable opportunity for individuals seeking a career in public service. Aspiring candidates are encouraged to stay informed through the Goa PSC official website and other reliable sources to ensure they do not miss any important announcements or updates.

[job-alerts]

Exploring Government Jobs in Goa: Opportunities and Benefits

When one thinks of Goa, the mind often conjures up images of pristine beaches, vibrant nightlife, and a relaxed coastal lifestyle. However, beneath its picturesque landscapes lies a bustling job market, including a range of enticing government job opportunities. Goa, with its unique blend of history, culture, and modernity, offers a diverse range of careers within the public sector. In this blog, we will delve into the world of government jobs in Goa, exploring the opportunities they present and the benefits they offer to job seekers.

Diverse Range of Opportunities:

Goa might be one of India's smallest states, but its government job offerings are far from limited. From administrative roles to technical positions, there is a broad spectrum of careers available across various departments. Some of the key sectors providing government jobs in Goa include:

Tourism: Given Goa's reputation as a tourist haven, the state government employs professionals in roles related to hospitality, tourism management, and marketing to ensure the smooth functioning of the tourism industry.

Education: Government-run schools and colleges in Goa require qualified teachers, professors, and administrative staff to provide quality education to the state's youth.

Healthcare: Government hospitals and medical facilities in Goa offer opportunities for doctors, nurses, lab technicians, and other medical personnel to serve the community's healthcare needs.

Administration: Like any government, Goa's administration requires a workforce to manage various functions such as public relations, finance, human resources, and legal affairs.

Public Works: Engineers, architects, and other professionals contribute to the development and maintenance of public infrastructure including roads, bridges, and buildings.

Police and Security: The police force and related security agencies offer jobs for those interested in maintaining law and order, ensuring public safety, and upholding justice.

Benefits of Government Jobs in Goa:

Opting for a government job in Goa comes with several advantages that make these positions highly sought after:

Job Security: Government jobs are known for their stability and job security. Employees often enjoy protection from arbitrary layoffs and economic fluctuations.

Pension and Retirement Benefits: Most government jobs provide pension plans and retirement benefits, ensuring financial security during the post-retirement phase.

Work-Life Balance: The public sector often promotes a healthy work-life balance, with fixed working hours and generous leave policies.

Attractive Compensation: While the private sector might offer competitive salaries, government jobs in Goa come with additional perks such as medical benefits, housing allowances, and more.

Social Impact: Many government roles involve serving the public directly, allowing individuals to make a positive impact on their communities.

Opportunities for Growth: Government jobs offer opportunities for career advancement through promotions, transfers, and departmental exams.

Application and Selection Process:

To secure a government job in Goa, candidates typically need to go through a selection process that includes written exams, interviews, and sometimes physical tests. The Goa Public Service Commission (GPSC) plays a pivotal role in the recruitment process for various government posts in the state. Aspiring candidates can stay updated about job openings and notifications through the GPSC website and official government portals.

Conclusion:

Government jobs in Goa offer a gateway to stability, respectable compensation, and opportunities for personal and professional growth. With its blend of scenic beauty, cultural richness, and administrative efficiency, Goa presents a unique canvas for those seeking to carve out a fulfilling career within the public sector. Whether you are a local Goan or an outsider drawn to its charm, exploring the world of government jobs in Goa might just be the stepping stone to a rewarding and purposeful future.

[gautam89]

Gautam adani Success Story In English,Life Lessons Motivational Quotes Success Story.

Those who once had to leave studies due to financial constraints, but today they are earning money from airport to port and from coal to oil used in the house.

But there are very few people who know about them. If you want to know the secret of Gautam Adani's success, then see the journey of his life and business.

Gautam Adani You are a first generation businessman like Dhirubhai Ambani, the founder of Reliance Industry, but today his net worth is much more than the rest of the industry husbands because there is a dialogue that Gautam Adani proved that no business is small or big and business There is no religion bigger than this.

Now we are saying this because whatever business Adani got with time, he did it with all his heart and went on to become successful, but the journey from his floor till reaching Arsh is full of difficulties.

He was born in 1962 in an economically weak family of Ahmedabad, his father had a small job, but nothing was going well, in such a situation, the economic condition worsened over time, due to which Gautam Adani had to stop his studies in the middle. Had to leave and had to struggle for work.

Meanwhile, he came to Mumbai at a young age with great hopes in the big city, where there was a lot of struggle in the beginning, but after some time he got a job in a diamond supplier. After working for three years, he understood what to do in life, so he quit his job and started his own business and started a diamond brokerage in Zaveri Bazar.

Gautam Adani knew the opinion of his life i.e. why he is doing the work, so he worked hard and ran the business at an early age, but his luck shone in 1981 when his elder brother called him to Ahmedabad.

Actually, brother bought a plastic company to wrap the goods, but it was not running because the raw material required was not available according to the requirement, raw material had to be imported from outside countries, in such a way Seeing the opportunity, Adani started import of plastic granules at Kandla Port and in 1988 started Adani Exports which was later renamed as Adani Enterprises.

Commodity trading of metals, agricultural products and clothes used to take place in this, when work started, in a few years this company and Adani became a bigger name than this business and then in 1994 Adani Enterprises was listed in the stock market.

Then came the year of 1995, this was the year which laid the foundation for him to reach this point today, because at this time the Gujarat government was looking for a private company for port development, so as soon as this news reached Adani, he got another source of income. This is why they bought the biggest port of Gujarat, Mundra Port. Gautam Adani started Adani Ports and Logistics Company in 1998 after buying Mundra Port.

By the way, if we tell about the specialty of this port, then this port spread over about 8000 hectares is today the largest private port in India and about 1/4 of the goods of the whole of India are transported through this port. Also, this place is made under Special Economic Zone, so the promoter company does not have to pay any tax.

There is also a power plant, private rail line and a private airport in this zone, although it is worth noting here that today the Adani group is one of the major infrastructure groups in the country, their Adani Port is the largest port management company in the country and Gujarat, Maharashtra It has 13 domestic ports in seven maritime states namely, Goa, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Odisha.

Read More Story

[sarkari-result]

Government Jobs Requirement in Goa

Sarkari Jobs Notification in Goa 2019 with the latest Goa Govt Jobs requirement, Interview details for both Freshers/new student and Experienced Job seekers updated on October 21, 2019. Find all current vacancies/posts and openings of Govt Naukri in Goa 2019 based on your qualifications and Apply online now. Check upcoming/latest Govt Jobs in Goa 2019 in various sectors including UPSC, Goa PSC, Railways, Bank, SSC, etc.

About Government of Goa Notification 2019

Goa, a tiny emerald land on the west coast of India, the 28th state of the united states of India, was liberated from Portuguese rule in 1961. It was a part of Union Territory of Goa City, Daman & Diu till 30th May 1987 when it was carved out of form a separate state.

Why Sarkariparinam for Government of Goa Job Recruitment 2019 Free Job Alert?

Sarkariparinam is the one-stop place for Government of Goa job notification across various private sectors and industries within India. Sarkari result ensures that all Jobs get notified to all our website visitors. We ensure that none of the Jobs get missed out on our sarkariparinam.com website. We help both fresher/new students and experienced graduates to get recruitment all job notification on recent Government of Goa job Recruitment 2019 openings across India.

Sarkari results is a leading job website for all Government job recruitment notification 2019. This page is an exclusive page for the Latest Naukri recruitment/notification from Goa Government of Goa 2019. Sarkariparinam.com team ensures to present all the job recruitment notification and job openings from the Government of Goa in this exclusive recruitment page for the Government of Goa. This page contains all the active and recently expired job openings and recruitment notification from Sarkari Naukri of Goa Government of Goa 2019.

Goa Government Job Notification 2019

Glad Tidings search for Job Seekers! Are you interested to get employed in reputed organization and to grasp high paying any Job, Sarkari Parinam is the pool of full resource where you can find the golden Job opportunities in Top Companies across India according to your willingness. Be the First People to explore it.

Here you can search for the latest sarkariparinam.com Recruitment 2019, Jobs in India, online application, employment jobs alert, Sarkari result recruitment 2019 openings across India, exam result, vacancies 2019, Sarkari results in recruitment notification, etc. Apply for Latest Government of Goa job Recruitment 2019: Here you can find all Upcoming Government of Goa Jobs alert. Please full read notification the provided information such as educational qualification, application fees, selection procedure, etc. carefully before applying for any job. Subscribe to the Government of Goa Jobs and get recruitment notifications on Industrial Trainee Post across India through sarkariparinam.com.

Perceive about Government of GoaJob Notification 2019 Free Job alert instantly with sarkariparinam.com On this page, you can explore the many exciting Sarkari Job Opportunities on Government of Goa job notifications 2019. Latest and also upcoming job requirement on The government of Goa recruitment is updated on this page immediately. So keep checking this page frequently, to know the recent as well as forthcoming Government of Goa Jobs.

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This is the right place for you to gather all the essential job information to apply for recent Government of Goa Post. Sarkariparinam grants you numerous information like Job description & job notification, Total Post, Education Eligibility criteria, Salary, Educational qualification, Job Locations, Application procedure, Application fees, Selection procedure, submit the Last Date for application, announce Interview Dates of  Goa job Recruitment 2019.

Links for Government job Official Notification, Online Application Form is provided on our website page itself, which paves you to apply for the Goa Sarkari Jobs Notification in an easiest way. Moreover, furthermore, you can discover many Similar and other Jobs in Top Companies in this page itself.

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You can also grab Top Jobs in various locations like Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Pune, Noida, and more across India. Discover Latest Govt. Naukri vacancy details first on Sarkariparinam. Explore Today's as well as Weekly/Monthly updates of Employment News at Sarkari Parinam, which you can't find anywhere else.

Prepare for Sarkari Job Recruitment 2019 through Sarkari Result Resources

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Other State :- Andaman & Nicobar | Andhra Pradesh | Arunachal Pradesh | Bihar

[tishlob]

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

COMMUNICATION

OUTLINE

1.    GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1         What is Communication? 

2.    NATURE OF COMMUNICATION

2.1         Two-way process

2.2         Continuous process

2.3         Dynamic process

2.4         Pervasive

2.5         Two people

2.6         Exchange

2.7         Means of unifying organizational activities

2.8         Verbal and non-verbal

2.9         Mutual understanding

2.10      Goal-oriented

2.11      Foundation of management

2.12      A means, not an end

2.13      Human activity

2.14      Inter-disciplinary

 3.    ROLE OF COMMUNICATION 

4.    Importance of Communication

4.1         Basis for planning

4.2         Motivation to work

4.3         Job satisfaction

4.4         Commitment to organisational objectives

4.5         Coordination

4.6         Adaptability to external environment

4.7         Internal functioning of an enterprise

4.8         Healthy industrial relations

4.9         Helps in performing managerial roles

4.10      Facilitates leadership

4.11      Facilitates control

4.12      Facilitates control

4.13      Substance to organisational existence

 5.    PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION

6.    CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION

6.1       Formal communication channel

6.2       Informal communication channel

 Meaning of Communication:

Communication can broadly be defined as exchange of ideas, messages and information between two or more persons, through a medium, in a manner that the sender and the receiver understand the message in the common sense, that is, they develop common understanding of the message.

Nature of Communication:

Communication has the following features:

1. Two-way process: Communication is a two-way process of understanding between two or more persons – sender and receiver. A person cannot communicate with himself.

2. Continuous process: Exchange of ideas and opinion amongst people is an ongoing process in business and non-business organisations. Continuous interaction promotes understanding and exchange of information relevant for decision-making.

3. Dynamic process: Communication between sender and receiver takes different forms and medium depending upon their moods and behaviour. It is, thus, a dynamic process that keeps changing in different situations.

4. Pervasive: Communication is a pervasive activity. It takes place at all levels (top, middle, low) in all functional areas (production, finance, personnel, sales) of a business organisation.

5. Two people: A minimum of two persons — sender and receiver — must be present for communication to take place. It may be between superiors, subordinates and peer group.

6. Exchange: Communication involves exchange of ideas and opinions. People interact and develop understanding for each other.

7. Means of unifying organisational activities: Communication unifies internal organisational environment with its external environment. It also integrates the human and physical resources and converts them into organisational output.

8. Verbal and non-verbal: Though words are active carriers of information, gestures can sometimes be more powerful than words. Facial expressions, sounds, signs and symbols are the non-verbal forms of communication.

9. Mutual understanding: Communication is effective when sender and receiver develop mutual understanding of the subject. Messages conveyed should be understood by the receiver in the desired sense.

10. Goal-oriented: Communication is goal-oriented. Unless the receiver and sender know the purpose they intend to achieve through communication, it has little practical utility.

11. Foundation of management: Though communication is a directing function, it is important for other managerial functions also. Designing plans and organisation structures, motivating people to accomplish goals and controlling organisational activities; all require communication amongst managers at various levels.

12. A means, not an end: Communication is not an end. Effective communication is a means towards achieving the end, that is, goal accomplishment. It smoothens managerial operations by facilitating planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling functions.

13. Human activity: Since communication makes accomplishment of organisational goals possible, it is essential that people understand and like each other. If people do not understand each other’s viewpoint, there cannot be effective communication.

14. Inter-disciplinary: Communication is the art of how communicators use knowledge of different fields of study like anthropology, psychology and sociology. Making best use of these disciplines makes communication effective. It is, thus, an inter-disciplinary area of management.

 Role of Communication

Right from the time a child is born, communication plays an important role in his life. Speaking, listening and writing are the common forms of communication. A large part of our time is devoted to communication as we share our thoughts and feelings with individuals and groups of people. Communication helps to develop an organised society with defined roles for each individual.

 In the business world, managers perform their tasks and responsibilities through communication. Communication provides the basis for effective implementation of plans, assigning jobs to people, carrying out directions and activities and facilitates control.

Management functions can be performed successfully when managers communicate face-to-face, telephonically or electronically with their superiors, peers, subordinates, customers, suppliers, competitors etc. Even when they are not talking, they are busy reading or writing reports, memos and letters which are different forms of communication. Communication has reduced geographical distances into storable and confidential forms and has facilitated a large number of people to interact with each other.

It is important that communication should be effective. Effective communication is transfer of information along with transfer of understanding. It means transfer of messages, ideas and information in a manner that the sender and receiver understand the subject in the same sense.

“It is the process of sending a message in such a way that the message received is as close in meaning as possible to the message intended.” Effective communication, thus, takes place when receiver understands the message in the same sense as the sender wants to convey.

Communication is the foundation for human interaction that develops common understanding amongst two or more persons. This promotes common objectives through coordinated efforts amongst people belonging to different functional departments.

Importance of Communication

The desire to socialize and get formed into organised groups necessitates the need for communication. In the fast changing world, managers communicate changes in technology, structure or people to the subordinates. If the communication system is well organised, it becomes easier for subordinates to understand and act upon the message. Communication plays important role in the lives of individuals and organisations.

The following points highlight the importance of communication:

1. Basis for planning: Planning is the basic function of management. If plans are well designed and communicated for their implementation, it leads to organisational success. Planning requires extensive environmental scanning and information about internal and external organisation elements. An effective system of communication helps in obtaining this information. Implementing the plans requires communicating them to everybody in the organisation. Communication is, thus, the basis of planning.

2. Motivation to work: Employees are motivated to work if their needs are satisfied. Communication helps managers know needs of their employees so that they can adopt suitable motivators and inspire them to develop positive attitude towards the work environment.

 3. Job satisfaction: Exchange of information develops trust, confidence and faith amongst managers and subordinates. They understand their job positions better and, thus, perform better. People are committed to organisational objectives which promotes job satisfaction.

4. Commitment to organisational objectives: Managers who follow an effective system of communication understand employees’ needs, adopt suitable motivators to satisfy them, appraise their performance and provide them regular feedback. The employees also work with commitment towards organisational objectives.

5. Coordination: Communication coordinates organisational resources (human and non- human), individual goals with organisational goals and internal environment with external environment. Coordination is the key to organisational success and communication is an active contributor to coordination.

6. Adaptability to external environment: In order to survive in the changing, dynamic environment, managers continuously interact with external parties like government, suppliers, customers, etc. This requires effective communication system in the organisation.

7. Internal functioning of an enterprise: Managers interact with parties internal to business enterprises. They constantly obtain and provide information to them. More effective the communication system, more accurate will be the information.

8. Healthy industrial relations: Satisfied workers contribute to healthy organisations. Communication brings managers and trade unions closer, develops mutual understanding and promotes industrial peace and harmony. This increases industrial production.

9. Helps in performing managerial roles: According to Henry Mintzberg, managers perform three major roles – interpersonal, informational and decisional. Communication helps managers in performing these roles effectively. In interpersonal roles, managers interact with superiors, peers and subordinates; in informational roles they receive and give information to people inside and outside the organization and in decisional roles, they take important decisions and communicate them to organisational members for their effective implementation.

10. Facilitates leadership: Effective leaders interact with followers, guide and inspire them to perform the individual and organisational goals. Effective communication process facilitates leaders to carry out the leadership functions.

11. Facilitates control: Planning is effective if accompanied by an effective control system. Control is possible when managers assess subordinates’ performance, correct and prevent deviations and provide them regular feedback of performance. Control function largely depends upon communication system of the organisation. How effectively managers control organisational activities depends upon how effective is the communication system.

12. Training and development: Imparting training and development facilities to employees depends upon how well their superiors communicate with them. Trainers with good communication skills are better than those who have poor communication skills.

13. Substance to organisational existence: Obtaining information to make plans, making members aware of authority-responsibility structure, position in the organisational hierarchy, coordinating their activities is the essence of organisational survival and growth. This is possible through effective communication.

 Process of Communication

Communication process is a sequence of activities where message sent is understood by the receiver in its intended meaning. For example, execution of a purchase order or conversation through telephone shall be complete if the desired result is achieved, that is, supplier sends the desired goods and receiver of phone call acts as desired by the maker of the call.

Communication is a process that connects the sender with the receiver of the message. A process is “a systematic series of actions, operations or series of changes directed to some end.” However, in real life situations, communication process is more complex than it sounds. It consists of a series of elements which results in sharing of meaning by sender and receiver.

These elements are discussed below:

1. Sender: Sender is the person who initiates, generates and sends the message. He represents the source of message. The communication process begins when the sender develops an idea or message he wants to transmit. He must arrange the ideas in a manner that can be understood by the receiver. A lecturer delivering a lecture in the classroom is the sender of the message or a manager addressing his team in a meeting is sender of the message.

2. Message: Message is the idea or information that the sender wants to convey. He may convey it verbally (by writing or speaking) or non-verbally (through gestures or body language). Whatever the form, the message should be clearly formed so that desired objective is accomplished.

3. Encoding: Once the sender is clear of what message to transmit, he decides the code through which the message shall be transmitted. The message is abstract and intangible and, therefore, has to be converted into some form (words, gestures, pictures etc.) to make it meaningful. Encoding means converting the message into symbols.

 Encoding gives meaning to the message or converts ideas into codes which can be understood by the receiver. Encoding means translating the message into words (written or spoken), symbols or gestures. It may be a combination of the three. The code should be appropriate to the situation, that is, interpreted by the receiver in the manner intended.

 4. Transmission: Transmission involves selecting the medium or channel of communication. Once decided that the message has to be sent in writing, the sender may select the electronic channel and the medium of e-mail or fax. Short messages can be transmitted through telephone but lengthy messages can be sent through letters or circulars.

Choice of channel depends upon the message to be conveyed, personal biases of the sender and nature of information. Short messages are generally sent through telephone. Where drawings, charts and illustrations form part of the message, it should be sent in writing. Personal biases include sender’s preference for a particular channel.

Some senders prefer to communicate in writing, howsoever short the message may be and, therefore, prefer the written channel of transmission. Nature of information refers to immediacy and confidentiality of information. Confidential information where immediate feedback is required is generally transmitted orally.

5. Receiver: Receiver is the person or a group of persons to whom the message is conveyed. In case of telephonic conversation, the sender can send message to one receiver but in case of group discussions, seminars and conferences, receivers can be more than one. The message must be designed, encoded and transmitted in a manner that receiver can understand it easily. Use of technical words, jargons and complicated symbols should be avoided. Depending on the channel selected, receiver may be a listener, viewer or a reader.

6. Decoding: Decoding means giving meaningful interpretation to the message. On receiving the message, the receiver translates the symbols into meaningful information to the best of his ability. Communication is effective if receiver understands the message in the same way as intended by the sender. The receiver must, therefore, be familiar with the codes and symbols used by the sender.

7. Noise: It represents the disturbing factor in the process of communication. It interferes with effective communication and reduces clarity of the message. The message may be interpreted differently than intended by the sender. Conversing near a machine making sounds, disturbance in telephone line, physical ailment or mental distress of sender or receiver, psychological barriers (degree of trust, fear, perception etc.) are the common forms of noise that obstruct the quality of message transmitted from sender to the receiver.

 8. Feedback: Feedback is receiver’s response to sender’s message. The receiver communicates his reaction to the sender through words, symbols or gestures. It is the reversal of communication process where receiver becomes the sender and sender becomes the receiver. Unless the receiver responds to the message, communication process is incomplete.

Feedback helps the sender to transform his message, if needed. It also allows the receiver to clear doubts on the message, ask questions to build his confidence and enables the sender to know efficiency of the message. Feedback makes the communication process complete.

In face-to-face communication, the sender can immediately receive the feedback but in written communication, it takes time for sender to receive feedback on the message. A written notice sent by manager to the employees to work seven days a week instead of six can be implemented when everybody has read and signed the notice. Subordinates will give feedback on the notice and recommend changes, if required. Managers can implement the notice only if it is accepted by the subordinates, unless it is an order.

Feedback increases efficiency and applicability of communication.

Feedback plays important role in two-way communication. In one-way communication, sender communicates with the receiver without getting any feedback but in two-way communication, receiver provides feedback to the sender. Though one-way communication takes less time and is more orderly (it avoids noise and chaos), feedback in two-way communication makes it more accurate and precise.

Feedback offers the following benefits:

1. It allows senders to improve communication with the receiver.

2. It allows receiver to clarify doubts on the message and, therefore, perform better.

3. Allowing receivers to ask questions builds confidence and they are more confident of their performance.

4. It enables the sender to know efficiency of his message; whether or not the receiver has understood the message in its right meaning. Feedback makes the communication process complete.

5. In response to receiver’s understanding and suggestions on the message, sender can adjust the subsequent messages.

However, two-way communication should be used constructively. If sender and receiver hold conflicting opinions and none is ready to agree to the other’s viewpoint, the message cannot be acted upon. Blaming each other with defensive reasoning and not acting in support of the message can reduce efficiency of the message. Two-way communication cannot be avoided and, therefore, both the parties should hold aside their egos and arrive at consensus in case there are conflicting opinions about the message.

Channels of Communication

Communication channel is the path through which information flows from sender to receiver.

Two main communication channels are:

I. Formal communication channel and

II. Informal communication channel.

 I. Formal Communication Channel: It is the official channel of communication controlled by managers in their official capacity. Official information and decisions follow this channel of communication. This channel is officially recognised by the organisation structure, follows the formal chain of command for passing information, suggestions, orders etc. and defines authority-responsibility relationships amongst members of the organisation.

It is a deliberately created path of communication. Information flows vertically, horizontally and diagonally along this path of communication ‘through proper channel’, that is, through various levels in the organisational hierarchy.

Vertical communication represents flow of information from one level to the other in the organsational hierarchy. It can be downward and upward. In downward vertical communication, information flows from top to middle-level managers, lower-level managers, supervisors and workers.

The information is related to goals, policies, directions, instructions etc. In upward vertical communication, information flows from lower-levels to higher levels. It relates to reports about subordinates’ work, achievements and progress, work-related problems, suggestions to improve the style of working etc.

Horizontal communication flows amongst people at the same level. It does not follow the official chain of command. When manager of marketing department discusses issues related to production and sale of goods, with the manager of production department, it is said to be horizontal communication. Diagonal communication is similar to horizontal communication that takes place amongst people of different departments at different levels rather than the same level.

 Merits of formal communication:

Formal communication channel has the following merits:

 1. Authentic information: It is an officially recognised path of communication and, therefore, whatever information flows in whatever direction (vertical, horizontal or lateral), it is presumed to be authentic.

2. Large geographical area: Large organisations have branches spread over wide geographical areas. Formal communication channels spread information over wide geographical areas.

3. Justify organisational hierarchy: Who is to receive information from whom, where, when and to what extent is clearly specified in the formal channels.

4. Coordination: Formal channels coordinate the work of other functional areas and facilitate smooth functioning of the organisation.

5. Control: It helps in receiving right information at the right time and facilitates control of organisational activities.

6. Filtering of information: Only important information which top managers must know flows to them. They do not have to, therefore, scan every information, relevant and irrelevant. This saves time which can be spent on strategic issues.

Limitations of formal communication:

Formal communication channel suffers from the following limitations:

1. Information distortion: When information passes through a number of levels, some of the information is lost in transit and gets filled by some unintended information. There may be, thus, information distortion. In some cases, information up to eighty per cent gets lost on the way.

2. Time-consuming: As information passes through a number of levels, it is a time-consuming channel of communication.

3. Expensive: It is an expensive channel of communication as it requires lot of paper and administrative work.

4. Lack of personal touch: People at the top and bottom communicate with each other through formal channels only. They do not get to talk to each other personally. Lack of personal touch restricts free flow of information in the organisation. Formal communication channel cannot be avoided. Efforts should be made to reduce its limitations and make it an effective channel of communication.

 II. Informal Communication Channel:

It is an unofficial channel of communication that arises out of socio-psychological needs of people to interact with each other. It is an important and spontaneous outgrowth of formal channels of communication. It emphasizes more on the person than position. It arises when people of common nationality, caste or religion interact with each other or when they share a car pool or meet each other regularly in canteens, libraries, bus stands etc.

Grapevine communication: It is an informal communication network where information flows freely throughout the organisation. Grapevine is the most common form of informal communication. It connects people in the organisation and transmits information in every direction: vertical, horizontal and diagonal.

It cuts across formal positions and facilitates social, personal and psychological interaction amongst people. Though it travels faster than formal communication channel, it also carries gossips and rumors with it. Grapevine communication normally occurs when some change is introduced in organisational policies (change in office, automation etc.) and people are located close to each other (as individuals or groups) in order to discuss matters.

Features of grapevine communication:

Grapevine communication has the following features:

1. It connects almost everybody in the organisation.

2. It flows in every direction – vertical, horizontal and diagonal.

3. It does not follow the official chain of command.

4. It is a fast channel of communication.

5. It generally occurs at the work site, though it may occur outside the organisation also.

6. It arises out of social and personal interaction amongst people in the organisation.

7. It is based on people than task.

8. It generally occurs orally.

9. It occurs in various forms known as communication chains.

Merits of grapevine communication:

Informal or grapevine communication channel has the following merits:

1. Speed: Communication through this channel spreads fast as it does not follow a definite path. The moment someone comes to know of information that is ‘confidential’ or otherwise, it spreads like wild fire throughout the organisation. It is “just between you and me” is the basis of spreading information through grapevine.

 2. Supports formal communication channel: This channel is an important supplement to formal channel of communication. Whatever cannot be communicated through formal channel, because of time or official constraints, can be successfully transmitted through informal channels.

3. Nature of information: Information about corporate history, moral values and traditions can be better transmitted through informal channels than formal channels.

 4. Feedback: Managers can obtain feedback from subordinates regarding the policies, directions, instructions, decisions etc. through grapevine. Feedback through informal channel is faster than the formal channel.

 5. Human relations: Since informal channels cut across official positions and hierarchical relationships, they promote healthy relations amongst people in the organisation.

. Socio-psychological needs: This channel satisfies social and psychological needs of people to interact with each other and share their joys and sorrows. It creates a sense of belonging in the group and strengthens their group identity.

 Limitations of grapevine communication:

Informal communication channel suffers from the following limitations:

1. Information distortion: Since information is not based on facts, it may be misleading and distorted.

2. Lack of authenticity: Informal communication is not authentic. Different people may-interpret the same information in different ways.

3. Fixing responsibility: Origin of information cannot be known in this channel. It is, therefore, difficult to hold responsibility for spreading false information.

4. Incomplete information: Information filtration and distortion are the common features of informal communication. What is said by first sender is not what is received by the last receiver. There is, thus, incomplete transmission of information.

5. Lack of evidence: It spreads by word of mouth. It is not supported by written facts. This makes it often incredible or non-dependable. Though informal channel has limitations, managers cannot eliminate it. It is an inevitable channel of communication.

Managers should make proper use of this channel to attain the formal goals. They can make use of this channel to receive feedback about organisational plans and policies and avoid spreading gossips and rumours in the organisation.

 How to make effective use of grapevine communication: Since grapevine or informal communication channel cannot be eliminated, managers should use it effectively to attain the formal organisational goals.

 The following steps can help managers in this regard:

1. Managers should personally inform employees about organisational goals, plans, policies, etc. besides communicating them through the formal channel. This will avoid spreading rumours and gossips. While communicating with subordinates, managers should maintain closeness with them.

2. Enhance group discussions and activities so that people openly discuss their formal and informal problems.

3. Managers should fix some time, in a week or month, to personally meet the employees and discuss various formal and informal problems with them.

4. Managers should win the confidence of group leaders so that group goals are not contrary to individual goals.

5. As much as possible, decision-making should be participative in nature.

6. Managers should keep asking the employees about organisational plans and policies. Regular feedback can improve the organisation’s state of affairs.

7. Managers should be good listeners. If they want to be listened to, they should also listen to others.

[skillpractical-blog]

SKILL DEVELOPMENT ENGINEERING A NEW INDIA9

National attention is today focused on the education of scientists and engineers,thanks to the increasing importance of technology in our modern economic system and the increased globalisation of scientific and technological ideas, development, and production. Elets News Network (ENN) spoke to experts who believe that skill development has to be at the core of engineering.

While focusing on the skill development across the country, Prime Minister Narendra Modi government is laying special emphasison skilling the youths to make them job ready. Taking it forward in a positive way, Chattisgarh will have a skill development university very soon.

Vivek Dhand, Chief Secretary, Government of Chattisgarh informs, “We are planning to open a livelihood University soon in the state as we are also focusing on skill development.”

Educating and skilling the youths of the country to enable them to get employment is the altar of the government.It is expected that overall Indian education sector’s market size will increase to Rs 602,410 crores (US100.23billion)byFY15fromRs341,180crores(US

56.77 billion) in FY 12. On one hand while statistics present a burgeoning opportunity, certain numbers also point out at the difficult task ahead as they suggest less than 25 percent of the graduates are actually employable. “The development of skills for 500 million Indians in less than 10 years is not only a matter of national urgency; it is astounding in its scale”, says Dr. A. DidarSingh, Secretary General, FICCI.

Sunil Arora, Secretary, Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneur-ship (MSDE) at the launch of the Hu-man Resource and Skill Requirement report, commissioned by National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) and authored KPMG shares, “There is achanging paradigm in skill training to-wards demand-driven training to en-sure employability and placement of the youth. While the reports give an insight on the quantitative side of human re-source requirement in each of the sec-tors, the research has also led to useful qualitative findings in terms of highlighting key job roles in the sector, existing skill gaps in the sectors, key interventions required to map supply and demand, etc.These will help us create a strategy tobind together the islands of excellencethat we already have in the country.”

Agreeing to the fact that there is a need to provide skill training even to the Engineering students, Dr. G. R. C Reddy, Director, National Institute of Technology, Goa says, “India today produces 1.5 million engineering graduates a year, most of them in what we call ‘circuit branches’- computer Science, IT, Electronics’ and Electrical Engineering. It is however, agreed by all that 75 per cent of these graduates are unemployed. The reasons are that both government and private colleges lack teachers of appropriate scholastic standard. Again, this is so because bright students are not joining postgraduate programmes nor are taking up research and teaching as a profession.”

Click here to electrical projects for engineering students

Due to the fact that organisations operate in an increasingly competitive environment, it results in a need for continuous employee skill development.The rapid pace of technological change requires everyone to continue learning throughout life. Although there are a number of broad skills that employers look for in candidates, such as strong communication and organisational skills or technical knowledge, each individual field of engineering and job role will have their own specific skills set.

[kalashni-cola]

As you know, GOA is suing the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) over its illegal ban on bump stocks.

This ban is so poorly written that it threatens the legality of AR-15s and other constitutionally-protected firearms.

GOA’s attorney Rob Olson did a fantastic job representing gun owners in court.  And he repeatedly hammered the ATF for exceeding its authority and for capriciously reversing itself in banning firearms-related items that were once legal to own.

Olson also made it clear that hundreds of thousands of innocent bump stock owners are now in danger of becoming felons after March 26.

So given this looming deadline, GOA is requesting an injunction from the judge, which would stop ATF from enforcing the ban when the turn-in period ends.

Judge Appears Wary of ATF Overreach

During oral arguments, Olson had to vacillate between fine points of legal doctrine to countering the government’s talking points that could have come from Moms Demand Action.

For example, much of the discussion with the judge centered around a doctrine known as “Chevron deference.”

If you’re not familiar with this guideline, you might wonder what this has to do with bump stocks. But, in fact, it has quite a bit to do with the subject at hand.

“Chevron deference” is a doctrine that essentially gives a federal agency tremendous latitude in interpreting and applying a federal statute.

Olson consistently made the point that the ATF did NOT deserve deference ... that the agency was misapplying the federal statute regarding bump stocks ... and, more importantly, that the ATF was effectively changing the statutory definition of what a machine gun is.

This argument seemed to resonate with the judge, who appeared unwilling to grant deference to the ATF.

Why a Bump Stock is NOT a Machine Gun

Another much-discussed topic centered around the very nature of a bump stock.

The judge asked GOA’s counsel if a bump stock allows an uninterrupted automatic cycle of fire -- as a machine gun would.

Olson said NO.  He explained that a bump stock allows for repeated SEMI-automatic fire in a rapid manner, where each function of the trigger produces one bullet out the end of the barrel -- albeit occurring in rapid, repeated succession.

The government took the contrary view, claiming that a bump stock starts in motion a continuous chain of successive fire. More to the point, Olson noted that while an untrained shooter could fire an automatic weapon with one hand -- by simply pulling the trigger back -- no person could repeatedly bump fire a semi-automatic weapon with just one hand.

Even the ATF has had to concede in its written regulation that bump firing a weapon requires the shooter to use both hands.

And this gets to the core distinction between a bump stock and an automatic weapon.  The U.S. code defines a machine gun as a firearm that can shoot “automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.”

One can fire a machine gun with only one hand because the internal mechanism in the weapon will produce automatic fire with a “single function” of the trigger.

But to bump fire a semi-auto, the shooter must use two hands, and in most cases, spend time learning how to actually perfect his individual technique for each different bump stock firearm.

Anyone who has ever bump fired a semi-auto knows there is a learning curve in determining the appropriate amount of force with which to push forward on the firearm using the non-trigger hand.

So in other words, it’s the shooter who creates the bump fire effect. Because “bump firing,” first and foremost, is a technique, and not a product that is sold over-the-counter.  

But that’s not the case with a machine gun. A person who has never touched a gun could easily fire an automatic weapon because it’s the internal mechanism that actually allows repeated rounds to be fired “automatically.”

The back-and-forth between Olson and the judge on this point was crucial and could play a critical role in the judge’s decision-making process.

No Evidence that Bump Stocks are a Threat to Safety

One of the government’s lawyers brought up the Las Vegas shooting from 2017 as a reason to ban bump stocks. He claimed that the inherent dangerousness of bump stocks necessitated a ban for the sake of “public safety.”

Of course, if this logic were to prevail, the government could justify banning all weapons -- handguns, rifles, shotguns, etc. -- given that all these weapons are inherently “dangerous.”

GOA’s attorney countered by telling the judge there is no actual proof of one recorded instance where bump stocks have been used in a crime.

Olson even cited the lack of FBI and ATF statements, studies or reports to demonstrate that there is no conclusive evidence that a bump stock was actually used by the Las Vegas shooter.

This was something of a “mic drop” moment, because when given the chance to respond, the government’s lawyer could not -- in fact, he refused to -- counter Olson’s statement on this point.

Thus, the oral arguments in the Western district federal court on March 6 established unrebutted testimony that, to date, there is no proof of any documented case where a bump stock was used in a crime.

Even if it is one day determined conclusively that the Las Vegas shooting was the first case where a bump stock was used in a crime -- it would still remain the ONLY case.

And this ONE case would hardly then represent an imminent “danger to public safety.” Especially when one considers that “bump firing” a weapon can be achieved without bump stocks, and that these items have been used by hundreds of thousands of gun owners in a perfectly safe manner.

Bump Stock Regs Open Door to Banning AR-15s

Finally, one of the most crucial moments centered around a discussion involving the potential threat to AR-15s.

GOA has repeatedly warned that the ATF’s ban on bump stocks can be easily used by a future anti-gun administration to ban most, if not all, semi-automatic rifles.

Olson repeated this warning to the judge and noted that the threat to AR-15s would inextricably follow from these regulations.

While the government lawyer hotly contested this assertion, Olson noted that there are other common, household items that can be used to bump fire an AR-15 -- such as, rubber bands, belt loops, etc.

So what happens if a homeowner has several AR-15s and a box of rubber bands?  Olson noted that the ATF has already successfully prosecuted people who owned unassembled parts that could later be used to (theoretically) convert a firearm into a machine gun.

In other words, the ATF has already shown its true colors on this point.

So if these regulations are eventually allowed to stand, gun owners need to beware.  

Don’t be surprised if the ATF -- say, under a President Kamala Harris administration -- deems that any homeowner who possesses both AR-15s and rubber bands has committed a felony because he or she has “constructively intent” to build a machine gun.

You can be sure that, if this were to occur, the ATF will be called upon to provide “the best understanding of the law” at that particular time. And all of its prior promises and representations -- that the rule does not apply to semi-autos -- will be worthless.

Judge Questions ATF for their Change in Position  

ATF officials are well-known for changing their positions “on a dime.” And they are guilty of doing this in regard to their position on bump stocks.

In court, the government claimed their prior opinions approving possession of bump stocks in the past were correct based on what they knew, but now they are “not the best understanding” of the law.                            

And this led to another “mic drop” moment, when the judge called them out on their past behavior.

The judge dryly wondered, out loud, why he should believe the ATF’s position today.

The ATF claims that judges like him must adopt the agency’s current interpretation on bump stocks.

But ten years ago, the judge noted, the ATF was arguing the complete opposite, claiming that bump stocks were totally legal under federal law.

It was a great point. And we can only hope the judge will take this point to heart -- that it’s ATF’s arbitrary interpretations that have changed over the years, and not federal law.

Judges typically will not immediately issue their rulings, and this one was no exception. We can probably expect a decision within a week.

What I’ve shared with you here is only the tip of the iceberg from our day in court. But it certainly represents the highlights of what took place.

I want to thank you for helping keep Gun Owners of America on the frontlines.

Your support of GOA is what allows us to continue the fight for freedom.

In Liberty,

Erich Pratt Executive Director

[elsonjohn52-blog]

What is Caste Certificate?

Caste Certificate is a proof of an Individual person caste. This is required in modern India as there are certain benefits given to backward castes. This includes Schedules Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes (OBC).

It is an important document for large part of population which falls under one or the other backward caste. Ironically even though it is a very important document and benefits are associated with the Caste and the Caste Certificate, but still not all states allows caste certificate online facility.

  Purpose of Caste Certificate

  This is issued by the Government to improve the quality of life of these socially and economically backward classes and to enhance capability of the people belonging to these communities, so that they can be part & parcel of the mainstream of the Society.

   Applying for caste certificate online

  There are few of the State Governments / Municipal Bodies which give Caste certificate online, rest most of them issue the certificate in person after you visit the office of Welfare Department or Tehsildar.

People often search for SC Certificate Online to get the Caste Certificate.  Also to correct the misconception again, there is no OBC certificate application form. All of these variations are covered in the caste certificate.

  Some of the States allowing caste certificate online

  Gujarat: http://www.digitalgujarat.gov.in/Citizen/CitizenService.aspx

Jharkhand: http://jharsewa.jharkhand.gov.in/

Maharashtra: http://aaplesarkar.mahaonline.gov.in/en/Login/Certificate_Documents

West Bengal: http://www.castcertificatewb.gov.in/

GOA: http://www.goa.gov.in/citizen/how-do-i/caste-certificate/

Sikkim: http://www.sikkim.gov.in/portal/portal/StatePortal/OnlineService/ScheduledCasteService

Assam: http://assam.gov.in/certificate-verification

  What is Caste Validity Certificate?

  Caste Validity Certificate is often confused with the OBC Certificate or SC Certificate or ST Certificate.  People also have misconception that caste certificate and Caste Validity Certificate are one and the same.

Caste Validity Certificate is a different document which is a proof that the Caste Certificate issued to an individual is not fake and it has been thoroughly verified.

  Documents required for

  Following are the documents required for caste certificate. These documents are common for all type of castes like SC, SC, OBC, VJ, NT,SBC & ESBC. You have to submit the additional proof documents in a special case like if you are married women if you are migrated from one state to another or you have done the religious conversion.

Compulsory Documents Required for Caste Certificate:

  1. Identity Proof (Any One)

Aadhaar Card

Driving License

Voter ID

Passport

PAN Card

RSBY Card

MNREGA Card

2. Address Proof (Any One)

Aadhaar Card

Voter ID

Driving License

Passport

Electricity Bill

Water Bill

Telephone Bill

Ration Card

7/12 Extract

Rent Receipt

3. Affidavit for Caste Certificate

4. Proof of Caste of Self or Blood Relative (Any One)

Extract of Primary School Register of applicant or father or grandfather

Or, Primary School Leaving Certificate of applicant or his father

Extract of Birth Register of applicant or father or relative

An extract of Government Service Record (book) mentioning caste/community category of applicant's father or relative.

Document certifying caste issued by department of social justice

Validity Certificate if any of father or relative which is issued by scrutiny committee

Copy of revenue records or village panchayat record

Documentary evidence in regard to the caste and ordinary place of residence prior to the date of notification of the caste

Other relevant documentary evidence issued by competent authority

  We suggest if you are from SC, ST, OBC or any Government notified backward caste, then you should take advantage of the online services and get the caste certificate prepared. This will be beneficial in securing seats in educational institutes, Colleges, Job etc.

[edcgoa]

Easy Loan from Edc Goa for Entrepreneurs Wanting to have Own Start-Up Business there

Goa is a premium tourist spot not only for domestic but also for international tourists visiting India. This place has tremendous scope for the hotel and tourism industry. Many aspiring entrepreneurs may want to have business start-ups in the hotel industry or tourism-related industry here in Goa. But they may be finding some difficulty in arranging for the requisite funds to start the start-up business in Goa. EDC Ltd offers a helping hand to such entrepreneurs by offering loans for hotels on easy terms. 

EDC Ltd is a premier financial institution based in Goa. The full form of the name was Economic Development Corporation of Goa, Daman, and Diu. The institution started functioning in the year 1975 and is serving relentlessly as an agency for industrial and economic development in Goa since then. 

EDC Ltd encourages start-up entrepreneurs by offering them business loans for entrepreneurs, loans for hotels, etc, since the hotel industry is one of the premium businesses in Goa. EDC Ltd has already offered funds worth 5000 crores as term loans to more than 11500 service sector or industrial projects during its years of operation since 1975. Many of such projects funded by EDC Ltd have yielded profits of crores of Rupees for Goa state and are the cause of starting large-scale economic activities in the state of Goa. These projects financed by EDC Ltd have created thousands of jobs directly or indirectly in the state of Goa. EDC Ltd has proved to be a very big help in solving the problem of unemployment in Goa by creating job opportunities in the state. 

EDC Ltd has made the state of Goa a prosperous business ground for entrepreneurs wishing to start up businesses in the state, without much worrying about arranging the required funds. EDC Ltd offers loans for entrepreneurs or loans for hotels business on easy terms. EDC Lid has actively participated in the flagship schemes in the state such as Chief Minister’s Rojgar Yojna, which targeted to deal with the unemployment problem in Goa. EDC Ltd has already sanctioned loans of more than 220 crores INR to more than 7500 entrepreneurs in Goa. 

The Chief Minister’s Rojgar Yojna at Goa is scheme of providing loans for self-employment to the unemployed youth of Goa. This scheme is sponsored by the Government of Goa and is being very successfully operated by EDC Ltd, Goa since April 2001.  EDC Ltd has provided loans in suitable and attractive terms to the applicants in this scheme for sanctioning quick loans to them. 

This scheme has been very successful in reducing unemployment in Goa with the active participation of EDC Ltd. About 6500 persons have benefitted from this scheme till now and have been sanctioned a loan of 175 crores INR, out of which 148 crores INR have already been disbursed. Most of them are doing well and are providing a healthy recovery of loans in time. 

EDC Goa is a financial institution in Goa that offers easy loans for entrepreneurs in east terms, making starting up a business easy. EDC Ltd has an appreciable role to play in industrial and economic growth in the state of Goa.  

Syndication URL from Easy Loan from Edc Goa for Entrepreneurs Wanting to have Own Start-Up Business there

[ziqitzasblog]

Ziqitza – ASHA: The changing face of Malaria control

India’s female community health workers, most commonly referred as ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activists) workers, are one of the largest community-based health workforce in the world. India currently has over 9 Lakh ASHAs. The ASHA scheme is currently active in 33 states except for the states of Goa, Chandigarh & Puducherry. Ziqitza Healthcare, one of the nation’s leading healthcare institutions, states that each ASHA worker on an average supports 1000 people and is responsible for their access to public health services. Ziqitza, charts out that in most states in India, ASHA volunteers receive performance-based financial compensation for providing specific tasks such as immunisation, referring expecting mothers or pregnant women to health centres etc. Other responsibilities of the ASHA workers include activities such as, sensitising the community about new health initiatives, bridging the gap between the community and the health systems, spreading awareness about infectious diseases such as tuberculosis etc. They even support the auxiliary nurse midwives in delivering and child-care related services.

India fights many diseases which are major health problems and malaria is one of them. Malaria is a huge public health nuisance, especially in rural and tribal areas of the country. Ziqitza Healthcare ltd, points out scientific evidence that 80% of malaria cases in South East Asia Regional (SEAR) countries are reported from India. The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP), aims to eliminate malaria by the year 2030 and has launched a framework for the same. The National Health Mission, focuses especially on eight States in India that have low public health indicators and infrastructure to tackle Malaria – Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Odisha and Rajasthan. Under the aegis of National Health Mission, one ASHA worker is assigned for every 1000 people, which roughly translates to the population of one village. Ziqitza Rajasthan, further clarifies that these ASHA workers are appointed from the village itself and are trained to work as the bridge and interface between the public health system and the community.

Ziqitza Limited, adds to Ziqitza Limited Rajasthan’s statement and explains that ASHA workers also act as health promoters in their communities and themselves undergo extensive training to their job role which requires them to perform tasks related to immunisation, family planning, Maternal and Child Health, and disease preventions – malaria and tuberculosis. Considering ASHA workers’ advantageous position and their close proximity to the local community, they are involved in diagnosis and treatment of Malaria on a daily basis.  An ASHA worker screens suspected malaria cases using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) kits and blood slides and administers complete treatment as per the national drug policy.

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of Madhya Pradesh, in partnership with many medical and pharmaceutical companies hasformed the Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP), a unique and first of its kind public-private-partnership. The MEDP’s goal is to apply the learning from successful elimination of malaria from 1233 villages of Mandla district, to the rest of Madhya Pradesh and other states of the country.

ZHL Rajasthan, points out that MEDP was successful in eliminating malaria from 1233 villages of the Mandela district in Madhya Pradesh because the programme engaged ASHAs in their response strategies and effectively used them in malaria control measures, which included activities like awareness camps, diagnosis and treatment as well.

A similar success story can be traced in Odisha. From 4,36,850 malaria cases in Odisha in 2015, to 66,301 cases in 2018, Odisha reported 85 percent reduction in malaria cases. The National Vector-Borne Disease Control Programme, credited the success of this to ASHA workers. Ziqitza Health care limited, explains how Odisha achieved it. The State adopted a three-step project to control the spread of malaria. These steps were executed by 47,147 ASHAs. As the first step, ASHAs test any case of fever for malaria – so that treatment is met early and the parasite is killed before mosquitoes spread it. Second, as part of a programme -DAMAN — DuragamaAnchala Re Malaria Nirakaran, run by the Odisha state, the entire population had to undergo malaria tests, irrespective whether they had symptoms or not. The Odisha government also used indoor residual spray method, in which residual insecticide was applied to inner walls and ceilings of the houses. Third, the state government also distributed around 1.1 crore long-lasting insecticide nets (LLINs) to combat malaria exposure during sleep. ASHA workers went to each house explaining the benefits of the net’s use.

The role of ASHA workers in combating malaria is unparalleled, they’re the communities first wall of defence and the bridge that connects the communities to the public health system.

[ziqitzahealthcare]

Ziqitza - ASHA: The changing face of Malaria control

India’s female community health workers, most commonly referred as ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activists) workers, are one of the largest community-based health workforce in the world. India currently has over 9 Lakh ASHAs. The ASHA scheme is currently active in 33 states except for the states of Goa, Chandigarh & Puducherry. Ziqitza Healthcare, one of the nation's leading healthcare institutions, states that each ASHA worker on an average supports 1000 people and is responsible for their access to public health services. Ziqitza, charts out that in most states in India, ASHA volunteers receive performance-based financial compensation for providing specific tasks such as immunisation, referring expecting mothers or pregnant women to health centres etc. Other responsibilities of the ASHA workers include activities such as, sensitising the community about new health initiatives, bridging the gap between the community and the health systems, spreading awareness about infectious diseases such as tuberculosis etc. They even support the auxiliary nurse midwives in delivering and child-care related services.

 India fights many diseases which are major health problems and malaria is one of them. Malaria is a huge public health nuisance, especially in rural and tribal areas of the country. Ziqitza Healthcare ltd, points out scientific evidence that 80% of malaria cases in South East Asia Regional (SEAR) countries are reported from India. The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP), aims to eliminate malaria by the year 2030 and has launched a framework for the same. The National Health Mission, focuses especially on eight States in India that have low public health indicators and infrastructure to tackle Malaria - Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Odisha and Rajasthan. Under the aegis of National Health Mission, one ASHA worker is assigned for every 1000 people, which roughly translates to the population of one village. Ziqitza Rajasthan, further clarifies that these ASHA workers are appointed from the village itself and are trained to work as the bridge and interface between the public health system and the community.

 Ziqitza Limited, adds to Ziqitza Limited Rajasthan’s statement and explains that ASHA workers also act as health promoters in their communities and themselves undergo extensive training to their job role which requires them to perform tasks related to immunisation, family planning, Maternal and Child Health, and disease preventions - malaria and tuberculosis. Considering ASHA workers' advantageous position and their close proximity to the local community, they are involved in diagnosis and treatment of Malaria on a daily basis.  An ASHA worker screens suspected malaria cases using Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) kits and blood slides and administers complete treatment as per the national drug policy.

 The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of Madhya Pradesh, in partnership with many medical and pharmaceutical companies hasformed the Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP), a unique and first of its kind public-private-partnership. The MEDP’s goal is to apply the learning from successful elimination of malaria from 1233 villages of Mandla district, to the rest of Madhya Pradesh and other states of the country.

 ZHL Rajasthan, points out that MEDP was successful in eliminating malaria from 1233 villages of the Mandela district in Madhya Pradesh because the programme engaged ASHAs in their response strategies and effectively used them in malaria control measures, which included activities like awareness camps, diagnosis and treatment as well.

 A similar success story can be traced in Odisha. From 4,36,850 malaria cases in Odisha in 2015, to 66,301 cases in 2018, Odisha reported 85 percent reduction in malaria cases. The National Vector-Borne Disease Control Programme, credited the success of this to ASHA workers. Ziqitza Health care limited, explains how Odisha achieved it. The State adopted a three-step project to control the spread of malaria. These steps were executed by 47,147 ASHAs. As the first step, ASHAs test any case of fever for malaria - so that treatment is met early and the parasite is killed before mosquitoes spread it. Second, as part of a programme -DAMAN — DuragamaAnchala Re Malaria Nirakaran, run by the Odisha state, the entire population had to undergo malaria tests, irrespective whether they had symptoms or not. The Odisha government also used indoor residual spray method, in which residual insecticide was applied to inner walls and ceilings of the houses. Third, the state government also distributed around 1.1 crore long-lasting insecticide nets (LLINs) to combat malaria exposure during sleep. ASHA workers went to each house explaining the benefits of the net’s use.

 The role of ASHA workers in combating malaria is unparalleled, they’re the communities first wall of defence and the bridge that connects the communities to the public health system.

[vardhamanagarwal]

Top IAS Coaching in Goa

Best IAS Coaching in Goa. Consider becoming an IAS officer if you want to work in the civil service as an administrator. An IAS officer's principal responsibility is to maintain law and order. He or she is endowed with a wide range of abilities. An IAS officer serves as Collector, District Collector, and Additional Collector under certain provisions of the IPCC. I am giving you all the information about IAS and Top IAS Coaching in Goa.

What is the role of IAS Officer? An IAS officer's job responsibilities vary depending on the sort of assignment he or she is given. Three sorts of assignments are given to IAS officers. Field, state secretariat/public sector, and central secretariat postings are all included. It entails managing the government's affairs, which includes formulating, structuring, executing, and reviewing policies. A member of the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) is required to interact with several departments and elect representatives. The implementation of government initiatives and policies is the responsibility of an IAS official. In their jurisdiction, an IAS officer is responsible for reacting to natural disasters, riots, and significant accidents. He or she is responsible for coordinating relief activities.

Roles and Responsibilities of IAS Officers

IAS officers have different roles and responsibilities based on their rank and position. An IAS Officer is required to perform three types of assignments:

Working on the Farm

State-Secretariat

Central-Secretariat

Field postings are commonly regarded as the most arduous tasks that an IAS officer must complete. Civil servants have the following basic responsibilities:

Managing the Indian government's affairs, including policy creation and implementation.

There were multiple departments that were consulted.

Management and distribution of many funds

Overseeing and carrying out the Indian government's numerous initiatives and policies.

Responding to emergencies such as natural disasters, major accidents and riots in their jurisdiction and coordinating relief activities.

Exam Pattern & Syllabus for UPSC IAS Preliminary Exam

The Civil Services Preliminary Exam, which is the initial component of the exam, is merely a screening test designed to narrow down candidates for the Main Exam. The scores received in the preliminary exam are discarded when computing the final merit.

Two objective-type papers with a total of 400 marks make up the Preliminary Exam.

The number of papers includes two mandatory papers.

The most prevalent type of inquiry is an objective (MCQ) question.

There are a total of 400 points available (200 each paper)

Each exam lasts two hours (20 minutes per hour extra time for blind candidates & candidate with Locomotor Disability & Cerebral Palsy [minimum 40 percent impairment])

Negative marking entails subtracting 1/3 of a question's score.

The exam will be conducted in both Hindi & English.

List of Top IAS Coaching Centers in Goa

#1 Online UPSC IAS Coaching - The Prayas India

Address – The Prayas India Online IAS Coaching

Contact Number – 07710013217

Rank 1 - ALS IAS

Address: Municipal market, Don Bosco Society of Higher Education, MG Road, behind Panjim, Panaji, Goa 403001

Contact No: 08308879798

[rakeshjhunjhunwala]

Top IAS Coaching in Goa

Have you set a career goal for yourself and are willing to go to any length to attain it? Then you've come to the right place. In this post, I will explain the Best IAS Coaching in Goa in simple steps.

What is the role of IAS Officer? An IAS officer's job responsibilities vary depending on the sort of assignment he or she is given. Three sorts of assignments are given to IAS officers. Field, state secretariat/public sector, and central secretariat postings are all included. It entails managing the government's affairs, which includes formulating, structuring, executing, and reviewing policies. A member of the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) is required to interact with several departments and elect representatives. The implementation of government initiatives and policies is the responsibility of an IAS official. In their jurisdiction, an IAS officer is responsible for reacting to natural disasters, riots, and significant accidents. He or she is responsible for coordinating relief activities.

IAS officer's responsibilities

An IAS officer's typical responsibilities include:

When posted to field positions such as Sub-Divisional Magistrate, Additional District Magistrate, District Magistrate, and Divisional Commissioner, to collect revenue and act as court officials in matters of revenue and crime (for the revenue courts and criminal courts of executive magistrates), to maintain law and order, to implement union and state government policies at the grass-roots level, and to act as an agent of the government in the field, i.e. to act as an ombudsman.

To be in control of the government's administration and everyday operations, including policy creation and implementation in consultation with the minister-in-charge of a specific ministry or department.

When posted at a higher level in the Government of India as a joint secretary, additional secretary, special secretary, or secretary equivalent, secretary, and Cabinet Secretary, and in state governments as secretary, principal secretary, additional chief secretary, or spec chief secretary, to contribute to policy formulation and make final decisions in certain matters with the agreement of the minister concerned or the council of ministers (depending on the weight of the veto).

Exam Pattern & Syllabus for UPSC IAS Preliminary Exam

The Civil Services Preliminary Exam, which is the initial component of the exam, is merely a screening test designed to narrow down candidates for the Main Exam. The scores received in the preliminary exam are discarded when computing the final merit.

Two objective-type papers with a total of 400 marks make up the Preliminary Exam.

The number of papers includes two mandatory papers.

The most prevalent type of inquiry is an objective (MCQ) question.

There are a total of 400 points available (200 each paper)

Each exam lasts two hours (20 minutes per hour extra time for blind candidates & candidate with Locomotor Disability & Cerebral Palsy [minimum 40 percent impairment])

Negative marking entails subtracting 1/3 of a question's score.

The exam will be conducted in both Hindi & English.

List of Top IAS Coaching Centers in Goa #1 Online UPSC IAS Coaching - The Prayas India Rank 1 - ALS IAS