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casualjellyfishcycle · 6 months ago

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Georgian American University Georgia: A Comprehensive Guide for MBBS Aspirants

The Georgian American University Georgia (GAU) is a prestigious institution known for its diverse range of academic programs, international student body, and affordable education. It is a popular choice for students worldwide, particularly those interested in pursuing an MBBS degree abroad. This article provides an in-depth look at the Georgian American University Georgia, including its ranking, courses, cost, admissions process, and MBBS fees.

Overview of Georgian American University Georgia

Located in Tbilisi, the capital city of Georgia, the Georgian American University Georgia offers a dynamic environment that combines academic excellence with cultural diversity. Established in 2001, GAU is recognized for its commitment to providing high-quality education and fostering an inclusive, supportive community for students from around the globe. The university offers programs in various fields, including medicine, business, law, social sciences, and engineering.

Georgian American University Georgia Website

The official Georgian American University Georgia website serves as a comprehensive resource for prospective students, providing detailed information on academic programs, admissions, fees, campus facilities, and more. The website is user-friendly and is available in multiple languages, catering to international students. To explore more about the university, you can visit GAU’s official website.

Georgian American University Georgia Ranking

The Georgian American University Georgia ranking is steadily rising on the global academic stage, thanks to its high standards of education and research. In recent years, GAU has gained recognition for its innovative teaching methods and diverse curriculum. While it may not yet be in the top tier of global universities, it is quickly establishing itself as a leading institution in Georgia and the broader region. The Georgian American University world ranking reflects its growing reputation, particularly in the fields of medicine and business.

Georgian American University Georgia Courses

GAU offers a wide array of undergraduate and postgraduate programs across various disciplines. Some of the most popular Georgian American University Georgia courses include:

Medicine (MBBS)

Business Administration

Law

Computer Science

International Relations

Engineering

Among these, the MBBS program is particularly notable for its comprehensive curriculum and experienced faculty, making it an excellent choice for students aspiring to pursue MBBS Abroad.

Georgian American University Georgia Admissions

The Georgian American University Georgia admissions process is designed to be accessible to a diverse range of applicants. Here’s an overview of the steps involved:

Application Form: Complete the online application form available on the Georgian American University Georgia website. You will need to provide personal information, educational background, and any additional documents required for your chosen program.

Submission of Documents: Submit the necessary documents, including academic transcripts, passport copies, a statement of purpose, and recommendation letters. For MBBS applicants, proof of completion of secondary education (12 years of schooling) with science subjects is mandatory.

Entrance Examination: Depending on the course, you may need to pass an entrance examination. The university conducts tests to assess the applicant's proficiency in English and their knowledge in relevant subjects.

Interview: Some programs may require an interview to evaluate the applicant's suitability for the chosen course.

Admission Decision: Once the application, documents, and examination results (if applicable) are reviewed, the university will notify the applicant of their admission status.

Georgian American University Georgia Cost

The Georgian American University Georgia cost of education is one of the most attractive aspects for international students. The tuition fees are relatively affordable compared to many Western institutions, making GAU a popular choice for those seeking quality education on a budget. Here is a breakdown of the approximate costs:

Undergraduate Programs: The tuition fee ranges from USD 3,000 to USD 4,500 per year, depending on the course.

Postgraduate Programs: The tuition fee ranges from USD 4,000 to USD 6,000 per year.

MBBS Program: The Georgian American University MBBS fees are approximately USD 4,800 per year, which is considered very reasonable compared to other medical schools in Europe and North America.

Additional costs may include accommodation, food, health insurance, and personal expenses, which can vary depending on the student’s lifestyle.

Georgian American University MBBS Fees

The Georgian American University MBBS fees are a major draw for international students. At approximately USD 4,800 per year, the fees are much lower than those in many Western countries, while still providing a high-quality education that meets international standards. The MBBS program is structured to provide both theoretical knowledge and practical experience, with modern facilities and experienced faculty guiding students through the six-year course.

Why Choose Georgian American University Georgia for MBBS?

Choosing to study MBBS Abroad at the Georgian American University Georgia offers several benefits:

Affordable Fees: The Georgian American University MBBS fees are highly competitive, making it an excellent option for students looking to balance quality education with affordability.

Recognized Degree: The MBBS degree from GAU is recognized by major international medical councils, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Medical Council of India (MCI), which is critical for those planning to practice medicine internationally.

English-Medium Instruction: The MBBS program is taught entirely in English, eliminating the need for language proficiency in Georgian, and making it accessible to a global audience.

High-Quality Education: With a focus on both theoretical and practical aspects of medicine, GAU ensures that its MBBS graduates are well-prepared for their future careers.

Cultural Diversity: Studying at GAU offers exposure to diverse cultures, helping students develop a global perspective and build international networks.

Georgian American University World Ranking

The Georgian American University world ranking is steadily improving due to its commitment to educational excellence and internationalization. While GAU is still in the process of climbing the global rankings, its reputation in the region and among international students is growing, particularly in fields such as medicine, business, and law.

Student Life at Georgian American University Georgia

Student life at GAU is vibrant and diverse, offering a range of extracurricular activities, clubs, and events that cater to various interests. The university encourages students to participate in sports, cultural activities, and social events, fostering a sense of community and enhancing their university experience.

The city of Tbilisi itself is an exciting place to live, with a rich history, beautiful architecture, and a blend of Eastern and Western cultures. Students at GAU have the opportunity to explore the city’s cultural sites, enjoy local cuisine, and immerse themselves in the local community.

Accommodation and Living Expenses

GAU provides a range of accommodation options for students, including university dormitories and private apartments. The cost of living in Tbilisi is relatively low compared to many European cities, making it an affordable destination for students. On average, monthly expenses for accommodation, food, transportation, and leisure activities can range from USD 300 to USD 500.

Conclusion: Why Study at Georgian American University Georgia?

In summary, the Georgian American University Georgia offers a unique opportunity for students looking to pursue MBBS Abroad or other academic programs. With its affordable tuition fees, recognized degree programs, English-medium instruction, and vibrant student life, GAU stands out as a top choice for international students. The university’s commitment to excellence and its growing reputation make it an ideal destination for those seeking a high-quality education in an international environment.

Whether you are interested in medicine, business, law, or any other field, the Georgian American University Georgia provides the resources, support, and opportunities to help you achieve your academic and professional goals.

#georgian american university georgia ranking #georgian american university georgia cost #grigol robakidze university tbilisi syllabus #public universities in germany

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dreaminginthedeepsouth · 2 months ago

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LETTERS FROM AN AMERICAN

December 29, 2024

Heather Cox Richardson

Dec 30, 2024

Former President Jimmy Carter died today, December 29, 2024, at age 100 after a life characterized by a dedication to human rights. His wife of 77 years, Rosalynn Carter, died on November 19, 2023; she was 96 years old.

James Earl Carter Jr. was born on October 1, 1924, in Plains, in southwestern Georgia, about half an hour from the site of the infamous Andersonville Prison, where United States soldiers died of disease and hunger during the Civil War only sixty years earlier. He was the first U.S. president to be born in a hospital.

Carter’s South was impoverished. He grew up on a dirt road about three miles from Plains, in the tiny, majority-Black village of Archery, where his father owned a farm and the family grew corn, cotton, peanuts, and sugar cane. The young Carters and the children of the village’s Black sharecroppers grew up together as the Depression that crashed down in 1929 drained away what little prosperity there was in Archery.

After undergraduate coursework at Georgia Southwestern College and at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Carter completed his undergraduate degree at the U.S. Naval Academy. In the Navy he rose to the rank of lieutenant, serving on submarines—including early nuclear submarines—in both the Atlantic and Pacific fleets.

In 1946, Carter married Rosalynn Smith, a friend of his sister’s, who grew up in Plains. When his father died in 1953, Carter resigned his naval commission and took his family back to the Carters’ Georgia farm, where he and Rosalynn operated both the farm and a seed and supply company.

Arriving back in Georgia just a year before the U.S. Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board of Education decision declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, Carter quickly became involved in local politics. In 1962 he challenged a fraudulent election for a Georgia state senate seat, and in the runoff, voters elected him. The Carters became supporters of Democratic president John F. Kennedy in a state whose dominant Democratic Party was in turmoil as white supremacists clashed with Georgians eager to leave their past behind. Kennedy had sent troops to desegregate the University of Mississippi.

Carter ran for governor in 1966, the year after Congress passed the Voting Rights Act. He lost the primary, coming in third behind another liberal Democrat and a staunch segregationist Democrat, Lester Maddox, who won it and went on to win the governorship. When Carter ran again in 1970, he emphasized his populism rather than Black rights, appealing to racist whites. He won the Democratic primary with 60% of the vote and, in a state that was still Democrat-dominated, easily won the governorship.

But when Carter took office in 1971, he abandoned his concessions to white racists and took a stand for new race relations in the United States. “I say to you quite frankly that the time for racial discrimination is over,” he told Georgians in his inaugural speech. “No poor, rural, weak, or Black person should ever have to bear the additional burden of being deprived of the opportunity of an education, a job, or simple justice.”

His predecessor, Maddox, had refused to let state workers take the day off to attend services for the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s funeral; Carter pointedly hung a portrait of King—as well as portraits of educator Lucy Craft Laney and Georgia politician and minister Henry McNeal Turner—in the State Capitol.

Carter brought to office a focus not only on civil rights but also on cleaning up and streamlining the state’s government. He consolidated more than 200 government offices into 20 and backed austerity measures to save money while also supporting new social programs, including equalizing aid to poor and wealthy schools, prison reform and early childhood development programs, and community centers for mentally disabled children.

At the time, the state constitution prohibited Carter from reelection, so he built recognition in the national Democratic Party and turned his sights on the presidency. In the wake of the scandals that brought down both President Richard Nixon and Vice President Spiro Agnew, as well as many of their staff, when it seemed to many Americans that all of Washington was corrupt, voters welcomed the newcomer Carter as an outsider who would work for the people.

He seemed a new kind of Democrat, one who could usher in a new, multicultural democracy now that the 1965 Voting Rights Act had brought Black and Brown voters into the American polity. Like many of the other civil rights coalitions in the twentieth century, Carter’s supporters shared music reinforced their politics, and Carter’s deep knowledge of blues, R&B, folk, and especially the gospel music of his youth helped him appeal to that era’s crucially important youth vote. Bob Dylan; Crosby, Stills & Nash, Nile Rodgers, Willie Nelson, and Johnny Cash, as well as the Allman Brothers, all backed Carter, who later said: “I was practically a non-entity, but everyone knew the Allman Brothers. When they endorsed me, all the young people said, ‘Well, if the Allman Brothers like him, we can vote for him.’”

Elected by just over 50% of American voters over Republican candidate Gerald R. Ford’s count of about 48%, Carter’s outsider status and determination to govern based on the will of the people sparked opposition from within Washington—including in the Democratic Party—and stories that he was buffeted about by the breezes of polls. But Carter's domestic policy advisor Stuart Eizenstat once said that Carter believed an elected president should “park politics at the Oval Office door” and try to win election by doing the right thing. He took pride in ignoring political interests—a stance that would hurt his ability to get things done in Washington, D.C.

Carter began by trying to make the government more representative of the American people: Eizenstat recalled that Carter appointed more women, Black Americans, and Jewish Americans to official positions and judgeships “than all 38 of his predecessors combined.”

Carter instituted ethics reforms to reclaim the honor of the presidency after Nixon’s behavior had tarnished it. He put independent inspectors in every department and established that corporations could not bribe foreign officials to get contracts. He expanded education programs, establishing the Department of Education, and tried to relieve the country from reliance on foreign oil by establishing the Department of Energy.

Concerned that the new regulatory agencies that Congress had created since the mid-1960s might be captured by industries and that they were causing prices to rise, Carter began the deregulation movement to increase competition. He began with the airlines and moved to the trucking industry, railroad lines, and long-distance phone service. He also deregulated beer production—his legalization of homebrewing sparked today’s craft brewing industry.

But Carter inherited slow economic growth and the inflation that had plagued presidents since Nixon, and the 1979 drop in oil production after the Iranian revolution exacerbated both. While more than ten million jobs were added to the U.S. economy during his term—almost twice the number Reagan added in his first term, and more than five times the number George H.W. Bush added in his—inflation hit 14% in 1980. To combat that inflation, Carter appointed Paul Volcker to chair the Federal Reserve, knowing he would combat inflation with high interest rates, a policy that brought down inflation during the first term of his successor, Ronald Reagan.

Carter also focused on protecting the environment. He was the first president to undertake the federal cleanup of a hazardous waste site, declaring a federal emergency in the New York neighborhood of Love Canal and using federal disaster money to remediate the chemicals that had been stored underground there.

Carter placed 56 million acres of land in Alaska under federal protection as a national monument, saying: “These areas contain resources of unequaled scientific, historic and cultural value, and include some of the most spectacular scenery and wildlife in the world,” he said. In 1979 he had 32 solar panels installed at the White House to help heat the water for the building and demonstrate that it was possible to curb U.S. dependence on fossil fuels. Just before he left office, Carter signed into law the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act, protecting more than 100 million acres in Alaska, including additional protections for the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.

Coming after Nixon’s secret bombing of Cambodia and support for Chile’s right-wing dictator Augusto Pinochet, whose government had systematically tortured and executed his political opponents, Carter’s foreign policy emphasized human rights. Carter echoed the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights established by the United Nations, promising he would promote “human freedom” while protecting “the individual from the arbitrary power of the state.” He was best known for the Camp David Accords that achieved peace between Israel and Egypt after they had fought a series of wars. Those accords, negotiated with Anwar Sadat of Egypt and Menachem Begin of Israel paved the way for others. Carter credited the religious faith of the three men for making the agreement possible.

Carter also built on his predecessor Nixon’s outreach to China, normalizing relations and affording diplomatic recognition of China, enabling the two countries to develop a bilateral relationship. While commenters often credit President Reagan with pressuring the Soviet Union enough to bring about its dissolution, in fact it was Carter who negotiated the nuclear arms treaty that Reagan honored and who, along with his national security advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski, saw the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 as a major breach in international relations. He cut off grain sales to the USSR, ordered a massive defense buildup, and persuaded European leaders to accept nuclear missiles stationed in their countries, which Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev said was a significant factor in the dissolution of the USSR.

To Carter also fell the Iran hostage crisis in which Muslim fundamentalists overran the American embassy in the Iranian capital Tehran, seizing 66 Americans and holding them hostage for 444 days, in return for a promise that the American-backed Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, whom Carter had admitted to the U.S. for cancer treatment, be returned to Iran for trial. Carter immediately froze Iranian assets and began secret negotiations, while Americans watched on TV as Iranian mobs chanted “Death to America.” A secret mission to rescue the hostages failed when one of the eight helicopters dispatched to rescue the hostages crashed, killing eight soldiers. Before he left office, Carter successfully negotiated for the hostages’ return; they were released the day of Reagan’s inauguration.

Carter left office in January 1981, and the following year, in partnership with Emory University, he and Rosalynn established the Carter Center, an Atlanta-based nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization to advance peace, health, and human rights around the world.

The Carter Center has supervised elections in more than 100 countries, has helped farmers in 15 African countries to double or triple grain production, and has worked to prevent disease in Latin America and Africa. In 1986, when the Carter Center began a program to eradicate infections of the meter-long Guinea worm that emerges painfully from sufferers’ skin and incapacitates them for long periods, 3.5 million people a year in Africa and Asia were infected; in 2022 there were only 13 known infections, in 2023 there were 14. So far in 2024, there have been 7, but those will not be officially confirmed until spring 2025. In a 2015 interview, Carter said he hoped to outlive the last case.

President Carter said, “When I was in the White House, I thought of human rights primarily in terms of political rights, such as rights to free speech and freedom from torture or unjust imprisonment. As I traveled around the world since I was president, I learned there was no way to separate the crucial rights to live in peace, to have adequate food and health care, and to have a voice in choosing one’s political leaders. These human needs and rights are inextricably linked.”

In 2002, Carter received the Nobel Peace Prize “for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development.” When journalist Katie Couric of The Today Show asked him if the Nobel Peace Prize or being elected president was the most exciting thing that had ever happened to him, Carter answered: “When Rosalynn said she’d marry me, I think that’s the most exciting thing.”

In his Farewell Address on January 14, 1981, President Jimmy Carter worried about the direction of the country. He noted that the American people had begun to lose faith in the government’s ability to deal with problems and were turning to “single-issue groups and special interest organizations to ensure that whatever else happens, our own personal views and our own private interests are protected.” This focus on individualism, he warned, distorts the nation’s purpose because “the national interest is not always the sum of all our single or special interests. We are all Americans together, and we must not forget that the common good is our common interest and our individual responsibility.”

Carter urged Americans to protect our “most precious possessions: the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the land which sustains us,” and to advance the basic human rights that had, after all, “invented America.” “Our common vision of a free and just society,” he said, “is our greatest source of cohesion at home and strength abroad, greater even than the bounty of our material blessings.”

LETTERS FROM AN AMERICAN

HEATHER COX RICHARDSON

#Letters From An American #Heather CoX Richardson #Jimmy Carter #history #American History #American Presidents #R.I.P #The Carter Center

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lboogie1906 · 5 months ago

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Captain Judge Robert Benham (September 25, 1946) is the first African American justice to serve on the Supreme Court of Georgia. He was born in Cartersville, Georgia to Jesse Knox and Clarence Benham. He is the great-grandchild of enslaved people.

He attended college at Tuskegee University. He earned a BA in Political Science. After attending Harvard University, he earned a JD at the University of Georgia School of Law. He was the second African American to earn a law degree from the University of Georgia. He earned an LLM from the University of Virginia.

He returned to Cartersville and began practicing law. He served in the Army Reserve at this time, attaining the rank of captain. He was elected to the Georgia State Court of Appeals. He became the first African American to sit as a judge on that court and the first African American to win a statewide election in Georgia since Reconstruction. He was appointed to the Supreme Court of Georgia by Governor Joe Frank Harris.

He is involved in numerous national, regional, and local legal associations. He has served as the president of the Bartow County Bar Association and the Society for Alternative Dispute Resolution and the vice president of the Georgia Conference of Black Lawyers. He has served as the chairman of the Governor’s Commission on Drug Awareness and Prevention and the Chief Justice’s Commission on Professionalism. He has been a board member of the Georgia Association of Trial Lawyers and the Federal Lawyers Association. He is a trustee of the Georgia Legal History Foundation.

He received recognition as one of the “100 Most Influential Georgians” by Georgia Trend magazine and one of the “100 Most Influential Blacks in America” by Ebony. He is married to the former Nell Dodson. They have two sons. #africanhistory365 #africanexcellence #alphaphialpha

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mbbsblogsblog · 5 months ago

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Explore Top MBBS Universities in Georgia: Your Path to a Global Medical Career

Hello dear visitors,

Find excellent opportunities for studying MBBS in Georgia; quality education, proper study ambiance, well-equipped classroom, subject expert’s guide, rigorous internship program and much more need-based education.

In this post we would like to provide you with necessary information about some top medical universities in Georgia.

MBBS in Georgia: Alte University

Foundation Year 2002

Type of University Private

Location of University n2 University St, Tbilisi, Georgia

Number of Indian Students 250

National Rank 2

World Rank 260

Annual Tuition Fees 5000 USD

University Accreditation NMC, WHO & many more

MBBS in Georgia: Georgian National University SEU

Foundation Year 2001

Type of University Largest Private University

Location of University 9 Tsinandali Street, Tbilisi, Georgia

Number of Indian Students 470

National Rank 25

World Rank 11035

Annual Tuition Fees 5500 USD

University Accreditation NMC, WHO & many more

MBBS in Georgia: Georgian American University

Foundation Year 2001

Type of University For-Profit, Private

Location of University 8 Merab Aleksidze St, Tbilisi 0160, Georgia

Number of Indian Students 200

National Rank 24

World Rank 11003

Annual Tuition Fees 4560 USD

University Accreditation NMC, WHO & many more

MBBS in Georgia: East European University Georgia

Foundation Year 2012

Type of University Private College

Location of University 4 SHATILI STR, 0178 TBILISI, GEORGIA

Number of Indian Students 230

National Rank 30

World Rank 11558

Annual Tuition Fees 5000 USD

University Accreditation NMC, WHO & many more

MBBS in Georgia: Batumi Shata Rustaveli State University

Foundation Year 1895

Type of University Private University

Location of University 35/32 Ninoshvili/Rustaveli str., Batumi 6010, Georgia

Number of Indian Students 320

National Rank 11

World Rank 7448

Annual Tuition Fees 4000 USD

University Accreditation NMC, WHO & many more

MBBS in Georgia: David Tvildiani Medical University

Foundation Year 1989

Type of University Private

Location of University Tbilisi

Number of Indian Students About 350

National Rank 32

World Rank 10378

Annual Tuition Fees 5700 USD

University Accreditation NMC, WHO & many more

Tbilisis State Medical University

Foundation Year 1918

Type of University Public Medical University

Location of University 33 Vazha Pshavela Ave, Tbilisi, Georgia

Number of Indian Students 1130

National Rank 6

World Rank 7807

Annual Tuition Fees 9900 USD

University Accreditation NMC, WHO, UNESCO & many more

University of Georgia:

Foundation Year 2004

Type of University Private

Location of University Tbilisi

Number of Indian Students 6000

National Rank 3

World Rank 4083

Annual Tuition Fees 5000 USD

University Accreditation ENIC-NARIC, NMC, ECFMG & many more

LLia State University, Georgia

Foundation Year 2006

Type of University Flagship Public Research

Location of University Tbilisi, Georgia

Number of Indian Students 5000 every year

National Rank 5

World Rank 3139

Annual Tuition Fees 5300 USD

University Accreditation NMC/ WHO / ISU/ EHEA/ EUA & many more

If you want to know about some more medical universities in Georgia, navigate our website ria overseas or contact us.

Your success is our pride!

#MBBS in Georgia

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mokshconsultant · 1 year ago

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https://moksh16.com/mbbs-in-georgia

MBBS in Georgia for Indian Students 2024

As students seek alternative, secure locations that align with both their budgetary constraints and educational aspirations, the option of studying MBBS in Georgia is gaining increasing popularity among those looking to pursue their education abroad.

Situated in Eastern Europe, Georgia shares borders with Russia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Armenia. The country's population is around 3.7 million, with nearly 50% residing in major cities like Tbilisi, Batumi, and Kutaisi. Tbilisi, the capital and largest city, has emerged as a business hub for the surrounding countries. Batumi, the second-largest city, serves as the capital of the autonomous republic of Adjara, boasting a population of over 200,000. Kutaisi, the third-most populous city, is located 221 kilometers from Tbilisi, with a population of 150,000.

In the past few years, there has been increased interest among Indian students in studying medicine in Georgia, with over 8,000 currently enrolled, and an estimated 2,000 more students expected to be admitted in 2022. These numbers are projected to grow to over 3,500 in 2024.

Duration of MBBS or MD Course in Georgia

The MBBS program in Georgia spans six years, referred to as Doctor of Medicine (MD), equivalent to MBBS in India. This duration includes clinical internships.

Advantages of Studying MBBS in Georgia

Studying MBBS in Georgia offers several advantages, including:

Safety: Georgia is considered one of the safest countries globally, ranking at the top among all European nations in terms of safety.

Option of American program: UG offers American Integrated Program prepared for USMLE.

European Education System: Georgia employs the European Credit Transfer System (ECTS), allowing students to transfer seamlessly to any European country without academic loss.

Compliance with NMC Guidelines: Georgian universities meet all National Medical Commission (NMC) criteria, enabling students to appear for the NExT exam.

Option for American Integrated Program: Some Georgian universities, like the University of Georgia, offer an exclusive program that helps students prepare for the USMLE Exam alongside their MD studies.

Global Recognition: Georgian universities receive recognition from worldwide organizations such as the WHO, ECFMC, CMS IJK, MECEE Canada, and various Gulf nations.

Clinical Exposure: Students engage in teaching hospitals after 2-1/2 years, providing an opportunity to interact with patients during the remaining 3-1/2 years of their MD.

English Proficiency: Approximately 60% of Georgians aged 18 to 35 can understand English.

Option for Permanent Residency: After completing MBBS, students can pursue a medical PC (residency program) in Georgia and apply for Georgian citizenship.

#mbbs in georgia #mbbs admission abroad #mbbs abroad #Medical colleges in Georgia #Best Medical College in Georgia #Cost of MBBS in Georgia #MBBS fee in Georgia #Admission process for MBBS in Georgia #Eligibility criteria for MBBS in Georgia #MBBS in Georgia #Batumi #tbilisi #university of Georgia #Georgian National University #American program in Georgia #Integrated American Program #Best Consultant for MBBS in Georgia #MBBS Admission consultant for Georgia

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maniacelite132 · 4 years ago

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silent-era-of-cinema · 4 years ago

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Douglas Elton Fairbanks born Douglas Elton Thomas Ullman; May 23, 1883 – December 12, 1939) was an American actor, screenwriter, director, and producer. He was best known for his swashbuckling roles in silent films including The Thief of Bagdad, Robin Hood, and The Mark of Zorro, but spent the early part of his career making comedies.

Fairbanks was a founding member of United Artists. He was also a founding member of The Motion Picture Academy and hosted the 1st Academy Awards in 1929. With his marriage to actress and film producer Mary Pickford in 1920, the couple became 'Hollywood royalty', and Fairbanks was referred to as "The King of Hollywood", a nickname later passed on to actor Clark Gable.

Though widely considered as one of the biggest stars in Hollywood during the 1910s and 1920s, Fairbanks' career rapidly declined with the advent of the "talkies". His final film was The Private Life of Don Juan (1934).

Fairbanks was born Douglas Elton Thomas Ullman (spelled "Ulman" by Douglas Fairbanks Jr. in his memoirs) in Denver, Colorado, the son of Hezekiah Charles Ullman (September 15, 1833 – February 23, 1915) and Ella Adelaide (née Marsh; 1847–1915). He had two half-brothers, John Fairbanks, Jr. (born 1873) and Norris Wilcox (February 20, 1876 – October 21, 1946), and a full brother, Robert Payne Ullman (March 13, 1882 – February 22, 1948). His father was born in Berrysburg, Pennsylvania, and raised in Williamsport. He was the fourth child in a Jewish family consisting of six sons and four daughters. Charles' parents, Lazarus Ullman and Lydia Abrahams, had immigrated to the U.S. in 1830 from Baden, Germany.

When he was 17, Charles started a small publishing business in Philadelphia. Two years later, he left for New York to study law.

Charles met Ella Adelaide Marsh after she married his friend and client John Fairbanks, a wealthy New Orleans sugar mill and plantation owner. The couple had a son, John, and shortly thereafter John Senior died of tuberculosis. Ella, born into a wealthy southern Roman Catholic family, was overprotected and knew little of her husband's business. Consequently, she was swindled out of her fortune by her husband's partners. Even the efforts of Charles Ullman, acting on her behalf, failed to regain any of the family fortune for her.

Distraught and lonely, she met and married a courtly Georgian, Edward Wilcox, who turned out to be an alcoholic. After they had another son, Norris, she divorced Wilcox, with Charles acting as her own lawyer in the suit. She soon became romantically involved with Charles, and agreed to move to Denver with him to pursue mining investments. They arrived in Denver in 1881 with her son John. (Norris was left in Georgia with relatives and was never sent for by his mother.) They were married; in 1882 they had a son, Robert, and then a second son, Douglas, a year later. Charles purchased several mining interests in the Rocky Mountains, and re-established his law practice. After hearing of his wife's philandering, he abandoned the family when Douglas was five years old. Douglas and his older brother Robert were brought up by their mother, who gave them the family name Fairbanks, after her first husband.

Douglas Fairbanks began acting at an early age, in amateur theatre on the Denver stage, performing in summer stock at the Elitch Gardens Theatre, and other productions sponsored by Margaret Fealy, who ran an acting school for young people in Denver. He attended Denver East High School, and was expelled for cutting the wires on the school piano.

He left school in the spring of 1899, at the age of 15. He variously claimed to have attended Colorado School of Mines and Harvard University, but neither claim is true. He went with the acting troupe of Frederick Warde, beginning a cross country tour in September 1899. He toured with Warde for two seasons, functioning in dual roles, both as actor and as the assistant stage manager in his second year with the group.

After two years he moved to New York, where he found his first Broadway role in Her Lord and Master, which premiered in February 1902. He worked in a hardware store and as a clerk in a Wall Street office between acting jobs.[6] His Broadway appearances included the popular A Gentleman from Mississippi in 1908–09. On July 11, 1907, Fairbanks married Anna Beth Sully, the daughter of wealthy industrialist Daniel J. Sully, in Watch Hill, Rhode Island. They had one son, Douglas Fairbanks Jr., also a noted actor. The family moved to Los Angeles in 1915.

After moving to Los Angeles, Fairbanks signed a contract with Triangle Pictures in 1915 and began working under the supervision of D. W. Griffith. His first film was titled The Lamb, in which he debuted the athletic abilities that would gain him wide attention among theatre audiences. His athleticism was not appreciated by Griffith, however, and he was brought to the attention of Anita Loos and John Emerson, who wrote and directed many of his early romantic comedies.

In 1916, Fairbanks established his own company, the Douglas Fairbanks Film Corporation, and would soon get a job at Paramount.

Fairbanks met actress Mary Pickford at a party in 1916, and the couple soon began an affair. In 1917, they joined Fairbanks' friend Charlie Chaplin selling war bonds by train across the United States and delivering pro-war speechs as Four Minute Men. Pickford and Chaplin were the two highest paid film stars in Hollywood at that time. To curtail these stars' astronomical salaries, the large studios attempted to monopolize distributors and exhibitors. By 1918, Fairbanks was Hollywood's most popular actor, and within three years of his arrival, Fairbanks' popularity and business acumen raised him to the third-highest paid.

In 1917, Fairbanks capitalized on his rising popularity by publishing a self-help book, Laugh and Live which extolled the power of positive thinking and self-confidence in raising one's health, business and social prospects.

To avoid being controlled by the studios and to protect their independence, Fairbanks, Pickford, Chaplin, and D. W. Griffith formed United Artists in 1919, which created their own distributorships and gave them complete artistic control over their films and the profits generated.

Sully was granted a divorce from Fairbanks in late 1918, the judgment being finalized early the following year. After the divorce, the actor was determined to have Pickford become his wife, but she was still married to actor Owen Moore. Fairbanks finally gave her an ultimatum. She then obtained a rapid divorce in the small Nevada town of Minden on March 2, 1920. Fairbanks leased the Beverly Hills mansion Grayhall and was rumored to have used it during his courtship of Pickford. The couple married on March 28, 1920. Pickford's divorce from Moore was contested by Nevada legislators, however, and the dispute was not settled until 1922. Even though the lawmakers objected to the marriage, the public widely supported the idea of "Everybody's Hero" marrying "America's Sweetheart". That enthusiasm, in fact, extended far beyond the borders of the United States. Later, while honeymooning in Europe, Fairbanks and Pickford were warmly greeted by large crowds in London and Paris. Both internationally and at home, the celebrated couple were regarded as "Hollywood Royalty" and became famous for entertaining at "Pickfair", their Beverly Hills estate.

By 1920, Fairbanks had completed twenty-nine films (twenty-eight features and one two-reel short), which showcased his ebullient screen persona and athletic ability. By 1920, he had the inspiration of staging a new type of adventure-costume picture, a genre that was then out of favor with the public; Fairbanks had been a comic in his previous films. In The Mark of Zorro, Fairbanks combined his appealing screen persona with the new adventurous costume element. It was a smash success, and parlayed the actor into the rank of superstar. For the remainder of his career in silent films he continued to produce and star in ever more elaborate, impressive costume films, such as The Three Musketeers (1921), Douglas Fairbanks in Robin Hood (1922), The Thief of Bagdad (1924), The Black Pirate (1926), and The Gaucho (1927). Fairbanks spared no expense and effort in these films, which established the standard for all future swashbuckling films.

In 1921, he, Pickford, Chaplin, and others, helped to organize the Motion Picture Fund to assist those in the industry who could not work, or were unable to meet their bills.

During the first ceremony of its type, on April 30, 1927, Fairbanks and Pickford placed their hand and foot prints in wet cement at the newly opened Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood. (In the classic comedy Blazing Saddles, Harvey Korman's villain character sees Fairbanks' prints at Grauman's and exclaims, "How did he do such fantastic stunts...with such little feet?")

Fairbanks was elected first President of the Motion Picture Academy of Arts and Sciences that same year, and he presented the first Academy Awards at the Roosevelt Hotel. Today, Fairbanks also has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7020 Hollywood Boulevard.

While Fairbanks had flourished in the silent genre, the restrictions of early sound films dulled his enthusiasm for film-making. His athletic abilities and general health also began to decline at this time, in part due to his years of chain-smoking. On March 29, 1928, at Pickford's bungalow, United Artists brought together Pickford, Fairbanks, Charlie Chaplin, Norma Talmadge, Gloria Swanson, John Barrymore, D.W. Griffith and Dolores del Río to speak on the radio show The Dodge Brothers Hour to prove Fairbanks could meet the challenge of talking movies.

Fairbanks' last silent film was the lavish The Iron Mask (1929), a sequel to the 1921 release The Three Musketeers. The Iron Mask included an introductory prologue spoken by Fairbanks. He and Pickford chose to make their first talkie as a joint venture, playing Petruchio and Kate in Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew (1929). This film, and his subsequent sound films, were poorly received by Depression-era audiences. The last film in which he acted was the British production The Private Life of Don Juan (1934), after which he retired from acting.[citation needed]

Fairbanks and Pickford separated in 1933, after he began an affair with Sylvia, Lady Ashley. Pickford had also been seen in the company of a high-profile industrialist. They divorced in 1936, with Pickford keeping the Pickfair estate.[13] Fairbanks and Ashley were married in Paris in March 1936.

He continued to be marginally involved in the film industry and United Artists, but his later years lacked the intense focus of his film years. His health continued to decline. During his final years he lived at 705 Ocean Front (now Pacific Coast Highway) in Santa Monica, California, although much of his time was spent traveling abroad with his third wife, Lady Ashley.

On December 12, 1939, Fairbanks suffered a heart attack. He died later that day at his home in Santa Monica at the age of 56. His last words were reportedly, "I've never felt better." His funeral service was held at the Wee Kirk o' the Heather Church in Glendale's Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery where he was placed in a crypt in the Great Mausoleum.

Two years following his death, he was removed from Forest Lawn by his widow, Sylvia, who commissioned an elaborate marble monument for him featuring a long rectangular reflecting pool, raised tomb, and classic Greek architecture in Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Los Angeles. The monument was dedicated in a ceremony held in October 1941, with Fairbanks's close friend Charlie Chaplin reading a remembrance. The remains of his son, Douglas Fairbanks Jr., were also interred there upon his death in May 2000.

In 1992 Douglas Fairbanks was portrayed by actor Kevin Kline in the film Chaplin.

In 1998, a group of Fairbanks fans started the Douglas Fairbanks Museum in Austin, Texas. The museum building was temporarily closed for mold remediation and repairs in February 2010.

In 2002, AMPAS opened the "Fairbanks Center for Motion Picture Study" located at 333 S. La Cienega Boulevard in Beverly Hills. The building houses the Margaret Herrick Library.

On November 6, 2008, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences celebrated the publication of their "Academy Imprints" book Douglas Fairbanks, authored by film historian Jeffrey Vance, with the screening of a new restoration print of The Gaucho with Vance introducing the film.

The following year, opening on January 24, 2009, AMPAS mounted a major Douglas Fairbanks exhibition at its Fourth Floor Gallery, titled "Douglas Fairbanks: The First King of Hollywood". The exhibit featured costumes, props, pictures, and documents from his career and personal life. In addition to the exhibit, AMPAS screened The Thief of Bagdad and The Iron Mask in March 2009. Concurrently with the Academy's efforts, the Museum of Modern of Art held their first Fairbanks film retrospective in over six decades, titled "Laugh and Live: The Films of Douglas Fairbanks" which ran from December 17, 2008, to January 12, 2009. Jeffrey Vance opened the retrospective with a lecture and screening of the restoration print of The Gaucho.

Recently, due to his involvement with the USC Fencing Club, a bronze statue of Fairbanks was erected in the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences Courtyard of the new School of Cinematic Arts building on the University of Southern California campus. Fairbanks was a key figure in the film school's founding in 1929, and in its curriculum development.[24][citation needed]

The 2011 film The Artist was loosely based on Fairbanks, with the film's lead portraying Zorro in a silent movie featuring a scene from the Fairbanks version.[citation needed] While thanking the audience in 2012 for a Golden Globe award as Best Actor for his performance in the film, actor Jean Dujardin added, "As Douglas Fairbanks would say," then moved his lips silently as a comedic homage. When Dujardin accepted the 2011 Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, Fairbanks was cited at length as the main inspiration for Dujardin's performance in The Artist.

An important accolade given to the Douglas Fairbanks legacy was a special screening of his masterpiece, The Thief of Bagdad, at the 2012 edition of the Turner Classic Movies Film Festival. On April 15, 2012, the festival concluded with a sold-out screening of the Fairbanks film held at the historic Egyptian Theatre in Hollywood. The evening was introduced by TCM host Ben Mankiewicz and Fairbanks biographer Jeffrey Vance.

The nickname for the sports teams of the University of California-Santa Barbara is The Gauchos in honor of Fairbanks' acting in the eponymous film.

#douglas fairbanks #silent era #silent hollywood #silent movie stars #golden age of hollywood #classic movie stars #classic hollywood #1910s movies #1920s hollywood #1930s hollywood #movie legends

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letterboxd · 5 years ago

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Life in Film: Levan Akin

“Someone told me, ‘You are one person when you make the film, another when it’s over’. And that’s really the case with this film, it’s changed me fundamentally.” —The writer and director of And Then We Danced talks to our London correspondent Ella Kemp about masculinity, queer love stories, Georgian cinema and the ever-quotable joys of Romy and Michele’s High School Reunion.

Love stories come and go, but few have the golden warmth of Levan Akin’s dance-romance, And Then We Danced, which has captivated Letterboxd members enough to garner an impressive 4.0 rating out of 5. The film follows Merab (Levan Gelbakhiani), a dancer who has grown up training at the National Georgian Ensemble, and is moved to examine the structures and traditions he exists within when the charismatic Irakli (Bachi Valishvili) arrives at the company.

Akin was born and raised in Sweden, the son of a Georgian family who emigrated in the 1960s. Following the attacks at the 2013 Pride parade in the Georgian capital of Tbilisi, the solidarity among the country’s gay and queer communities became more urgent. Akin was moved to turn away from the big-budget Swedish TV productions he has made a name directing, in order to connect back to his roots for this project. But And Then We Danced isn’t solely a political commentary—it moves and feels freely.

Akin’s film gives audiences a long-overdue education on traditions far outside Hollywood: we see the rigid rules of Georgian dance, the way a body is taught to bend and extend and survive, and how spontaneous feelings have no place in that education.

If the film, told from such a unique perspective, also feels somehow familiar, it’s because Akin, who wrote, directed and co-edited, is a magnanimous cinephile. He’s been watching and understanding love stories since he can remember, and speaks of them with immense enthusiasm. There are years of wisdom and observation in the details of And Then We Danced. Every time I admit to him I haven’t seen a film he mentions, he looks sincerely happy for me that my world is yet to experience it.

Answering our Life in Film questionnaire, Akin shares memories of ABBA as a national treasure, the first film that blew him away in cinemas as a child, and why Tarkovsky could have done with being a little more queer.

This is quite a departure from the scale of your television projects. What drew you back to Georgia and those difficult circumstances? Levan Akin: I come from a background of making bigger projects, and this wasn’t obviously what a person like me should be doing next. I did a lot of Swedish TV, but I had grown tired of working the way I did. I started working for [Swedish film and commercial director] Roy Andersson when I was 22 and then I went into TV—I never went to film school. I applied twice and I didn’t get in! I was brought up in the SVT [Swedish public broadcasting service] way of making TV series. You have a script, you break it down, sometimes you write it yourself, sometimes you don’t, you do the shot list, you work with the actors, you block the scene and you move on and that’s all fine and good.

But after my previous film I was very tired. I was 36 then, and had sort of forgotten why I was making films. I had seen this Pride parade, the one where they were attacked in Georgia in 2013, and I couldn’t stop thinking about it. So I went to Georgia and did some research with my own little camera, and it very organically developed into this film. I never sat down and thought I’d write a story about this dancer. I used what happened around me, and I found a lot of real people. We often weren’t allowed to film in places a lot of the time—we made up stories about what we were doing. We had to have bodyguards, we’d lose locations on a day’s notice. It was insane, so I couldn’t plan out the movie like I would normally.

I wanted to make a very classical story, a very universal story and have the motor be [Merab’s] first love for Irakli and that setting him free. And then I filled it with things that happened while I was working. I’ve never worked like that, but I think it’s the best film I’ve made, and it’s really been a rejuvenation of my creative energy. Someone told me, “You are one person when you make the film, another when it’s over”. And that’s really the case with this film, it’s changed me fundamentally.

One character in And Then We Danced says, “Georgian dance is based on masculinity”. What are the defining traits of masculinity in Georgia? The definition of masculinity is so different in different cultures. In Sweden, where I live, if two men just hug too much or walk arm in arm, it’s considered super un-masculine. It’s like the whole thing about how young boys fight each other because that’s the only way they can be close in Western society. Whereas in Georgia, you can sit in someone’s lap and it’s not considered gay or un-masculine. Over there, traits like being very poetic, being a dancer, being a good singer, things that might be feminine in our culture are considered very masculine.

I thought that was interesting for the film because the regular story might have been, “I want to be a dancer but my family doesn’t want me to because it’s considered to be a feminine job”. Whereas here it’s the opposite, it’s, “I am a dancer, and I can’t be gay”.

Why was it important to use dance as a narrative vehicle to show these changing identities? What they say in the film is that Georgian dance has evolved. It’s based on old folk dances from different regions of the Caucasus, other Caucasian countries too, as well as Georgia. The dances from Batumi have a lot of oriental influences, originally even more than now. And the Kintouri dance was originally created by a queer group of people who lived in Georgia 100 years ago, and they were people working in service jobs.

Men wouldn’t take those jobs because it was considered unmanly, so the ones who worked in those jobs were gay guys or queer, some were even trans. They developed this dance and it’s sort of like a Paris Is Burning. Everybody knew they were gay. That’s what the teacher says in the film, when he says “they were softer but we made them harder”, because then these dances were appropriated by three big ensembles, and they did alterations to them.

Levan Gelbakhiani in ‘And Then We Danced’.

How did that influence the message you ultimately wanted to share? The film is about finding your own place in a traditional society, and not letting anyone tell you what your traditions ought to be, or how you ought to define yourself, to be accepted as a Georgian. That discourse is all around us now. I’m really frankly tired of people telling me that, for instance, I’m not really Swedish because my parents came from Georgia, and I have a Muslim background. Also, Georgia is 90 percent predominantly Christian Orthodox now, so a lot of Georgians think you can’t be Georgian if you’re not a Christian.

There are two major contemporary music cues in the film—ABBA’s ‘Take A Chance on Me’ and Robyn’s ‘Honey’. How did those two come to be? During the Soviet Union, there was an ABBA concert on TV and I think that was one of the only one Western pop concerts that was broadcast in Soviet. I think it had to do with Sweden being social democratic, and we had sort of a good relationship with the Soviet Union so they thought, “Ok, we can show this, at least it’s not American”. It would be on every New Year’s Eve and it would be like a tradition.

So when the Soviet Union fell, ABBA had a new market with new people who also loved ABBA. So ABBA is actually very popular in Georgia! Of course ABBA is super-expensive to [license], and we had literally no money when we made this film—it was a very hard shoot. But one of the producers of the film is the son of Benny Andersson of ABBA… I figured if he likes the film, for them it’s not a big risk. I thought, I’ll try it in the rough cut and either he’ll like it and say yes or he won’t—but he loved the movie, he was crying afterwards.

Levan Akin.

I’d also taken a risk with Robyn because that album had just come out, and we all love Robyn. We just hoped she’d like it and accept it, because we couldn’t pay her very much. Thankfully she did, and also we actually got help from Jen Malone. She’s a music supervisor and she’s so talented, and she’s the one who does the music supervision for [bands including] Euphoria, Creed and so on, so once she also got in touch she made it work for us. I’m eternally grateful to Jen.

[The following answers contain spoilers for several of the movies mentioned by Akin.]

And Then We Danced has many beautiful dance sequences. Which specific dance scenes, or dance movies broadly, inspire you? I love The Umbrellas of Cherbourg as a whole, and it has dancing in it, so that’s an easy one. In Dirty Dancing, I love the last dance, I can watch it over and over. It’s an amazing scene in every way. I also love the scene in Ex Machina where [Oscar Isaac] is dancing. It’s so nice, and so sexy.

I don’t know if there was dancing in it but I really want to mention this film—I love The Diary of A Teenage Girl. Marielle Heller is a genius. And Bel Powley and Alexander Skarsgård, they’re just so good in those parts. He was incredible! That should have won all the Oscars. In my films I never have clear antagonists, even if there are characters antagonizing the main character. I love them all, there’s no clear moral compass, everyone is just trying to do their best with the circumstances. It’s the same with this film. I love that you understand and love Alexander Skarsgård, and the guilt Minnie must have been feeling. It’s just so sensitively directed, with such a precise feeling of how to not veer in any one direction. If anyone is just shaking somewhere in that film, let’s put it in this ranking!

There’s this amazing documentary made by a Swedish documentarian, Martha & Niki. It’s about two friends who are dancers, two black girls from Sweden. Their friendship is really complicated, and they’re competing in a special dance, and you just follow them as they’re touring and competing. One of the girls is from Uganda, if I remember correctly, and another one is adopted, so they also have very different social backgrounds. I saw it in cinemas and I was just sitting and crying.

Jennifer Tilly and Gina Gershon in Bound (1996).

What are your favorite on-screen gay love stories? Brokeback Mountain. I saw that movie in New York in 2005 and I was so shocked. I just thought, “What the fuck have I just been through”? The ending… Nowadays, I would never want to kill off a character in a gay movie, but then, it’s so vague that you don’t even know what happens to them. It breaks my heart, it still does.

I really enjoyed God’s Own Country. I thought it was really moving and touching. Josh O’Connor is a revelation, and the other guy [Alec Secareanu] is amazing too. They have great chemistry. It’s just so delicately made.

I also love the Wachowski sisters’ Bound. I remember when I saw it, oh my god. Back then, seeing that was really something. I love Jennifer Tilly, what a star!

In terms of a movie that gay communities really love: Romy and Michelle’s High School Reunion. I’ve seen it literally a thousand times, I just rewind it and watch it again. It’s so amazing. When we were younger, 50 percent of the lines we would say would be lines from that film. It’s hilarious. It’s such a great story about friendship. If you haven’t seen it, congratulations, you have so much to look forward to!

And how did I almost forget My Own Private Idaho?! I saw that as a kid in the 90s, and it’s just so amazing. River Phoenix. What a movie.

Could you give the Letterboxd community a primer to some great Georgian films? I love My Happy Family, a film by Simon Groß and Nana Ekvtimishvili. They’re a directing couple. They did another film called In Bloom; about a teenage girl, it’s sort of autobiographical I can imagine, as it feels very lived. It’s about a Georgian girl in the 90s. Both films were at Sundance—My Happy Family was there three years ago and I think it won an award. [It was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize, and was Georgia’s entry for the 2013 best foreign language Academy Award]. Netflix bought it, so it’s on there now.

My Happy Family (2017).

It really shows this thing in Georgia where there is no private sphere. Families live together inter-generationally for life for many reasons—financial ones for sure. It’s the story of this woman who lives with her mother, her father, her children, everybody is in that house. She decides that one day she wants to move into her own apartment, and it’s the most shocking thing anyone has ever heard of. She says she just wants to sit alone and read books and have her own space, and everyone is so provoked by that because that can’t happen in Georgia.

There’s another Georgian film I love called Street Days, by Levan Koguashvili, which came out in 2010. It was one of the first new-generation movies in Georgia showing the reality of Georgia the way it was then. It’s the story of a man who is struggling to support his family, but he’s also a drug addict. It sounds really bleak but it’s made with such dark humor.

To go really far back to the directors working through the Soviet time, there’s The Wishing Tree by Tengiz Abuladze. So many shots from that film are so, so beautiful. It’s set in the rural parts of Georgia, and it’s about a young girl who falls in love with a boy, but they can’t be married because she has to marry an older person because it’s better for the family. And the boy she was in love with was killed by the husband. She goes insane, because she keeps thinking about it all the time; she’s talking to his ghost. This old woman in the village hears her and thinks she’s cheating on her husband, so they decide to do this ritual where they stone her. It’s so sad and so beautiful, and there’s a woman in the village who’s like the town fool but she’s the only one making sense. It’s so poetic.

Sergei Parajanov is another of my all-time favorite directors—I love The Color of Pomegranates and Ashik Kerib. He’s a great surrealist director and has inspired many directors since, such as Tarsem Singh and Mark Romanek, who did a lot of music videos in the 90s. Madonna’s video for ‘Bedtime Stories’ was really inspired by Parajanov. He worked a lot with tableaux, and it’s so queer. [Parajanov] was gay and he was imprisoned for it many times. He was very close friends with [Andrei] Tarkovsky and he attributes his artistry to being inspired by him, saying that Tarkovsky released his creativity. They were close, but they’d also fight a lot. One time Parajanov told Tarkovsky, “You can never be as amazing a director as me, because you’re not a homosexual”, which is funny!

Finally, what was the film first made you want to be a filmmaker? I love that question. It feels like I’m closing a circle because I think the movie I’m thinking of has some similarities with my movie. It’s Some Kind of Wonderful, [written] by John Hughes and directed by Howard Deutch. It’s not one of the most famous John Hughes movies but it’s one of the first ones I saw in the cinema. I think I was seven years old, I went with my older sister who was eleven at the time.

Mary Stuart Masterson and Eric Stoltz in ‘Some Kind of Wonderful’ (1987).

It’s a love triangle between Eric Stoltz, Mary Stuart Masterson and Lea Thompson. Stoltz plays this working-class kid, he lives on the wrong side of the tracks, the classic perspective that’s always in John Hughes movies. He’s in love with the popular girl in school, Amanda Jones. She is also from his part of the town but is dating the rich guys. He’s really in love with her, and his best friend is played by Masterson, she’s called Watts but her nickname is Drummer Girl, and she’s a tomboy. When I was little I thought she was a boy who was a gay character. I didn’t understand that she was a girl because I’d never seen a girl like that as a kid. It’s just a great movie, it was a love triangle before love triangles were boring. I don’t know if it consciously made me want to direct films, but it was the first film that I saw that that stuck with me.

We didn’t have a lot of movie culture in my house, my parents emigrated to Sweden in the late 60s. My father read a lot, but we didn’t come from any culture. The films I’d find were the ones you could rent in the local store. Mostly American movies. The more highbrow stuff came later when I was older and could search them out myself.

‘And Then We Danced’ premiered in Director’s Fortnight in Cannes last May, and has won several prizes at other prestigious festivals since. The film is currently showing in select cinemas on the east and west coasts of America, and opens in UK cinemas on March 13.

#levan akin #and then we danced #dance films #dance movies #georgia #georgian cinema #tibilisi #lgbt #queer cinema #gay cinema #gay filmmaker #swedish film #swedish cinema #ella kemp #dirty dancing #letterboxd

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saraswationlines-blog · 5 years ago

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How to get enrolled in universities in Georgia

Studying MBBS abroad is a great opportunity to learn medicine in a developed country with world-class infrastructure and highly advanced techniques. Excellent Medical Education facilities / MBBS in Georgia attracts many students every year worldwide. Studying MBBS in Georgia is accepted vastly by students because the simple admission method has made this country different from others. The best medical universities in Georgia offer 6 years of Medical education that also leads to 1 year of internship to give hands on experience for the students. The universities of Georgia rank among the 10 best universities in the world. It makes this country home of renowned academicians, researchers and many medical scholars. Georgia has 100% of literacy which makes the best place for studying medicine in the world. The medical universities of Georgia are the premium and the best destination for any international student who wants to study MBBS abroad.The

medical universities in Georgia

are approved by MCI (Medical Council of India), Listed with WHO (World Health Organization) and other medical bodies. Medical schools in Georgia offer the best infrastructure and international standard of medical education. Major institutions, colleges, and universities in Georgia have been given accreditation by The Ministry of Education and Science of Georgia. Studying MBBS in Georgia is vastly famous among students aspiring to pursue medicine for its low-cost medical education. The MBBS degree provided after completion of MBBS in Georgia is accepted worldwide and students can return to their respective countries and apply for a license to practice medicine in their countries.

Accreditation of MBBS in Georgia:The medical universities in Georgia are recognized and approved by the following medical bodies.

Medical Council of India (MCI)

Ministry of Education, Georgia

World Health Organization (WHO)

Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research (FAIMER)

Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG)

World Federation of Medical Education (WFME)

List of top medical universities in Georgia to study MBBS abroad:

University of Georgia

East European University (EEU)

European University (Formerly: European Teaching University)

Tbilisi Medical Academy

Geomedi Medical University

Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University

“AIETI” Medical School

Akaki Tsereteli State University

David Agmashenebeli University of Georgia

David Tvildiani Medical University

New Vision University, Georgia

Georgian National University (SEU)

Tbilisi Medical Teaching University “Hippocrates”

Caucasus University

Tbilisi State Medical University

Teaching University Geomedi, Georgia

Georgian American University

The universities of Georgia are well equipped with world-class infrastructure and great technology. All the medical universities in Georgia provide very good accommodation facilities to the students and they also prepare nutritious and hygienic food for the international students. The university campuses are clean and green so that it can create a peaceful environment to study with focus. The medium of instruction is English, which is easily understood by all foreign medical students, but the local language is Georgian so the international students should learn the basics of the local language for their benefit to communicate with the local people for daily purposes. The medical students get accommodation within the university campus hostels with all the basic amenities like kitchen, bed, bookshelves, attached washroom, free Wi-Fi and 24*7 securities. For students, MBBS in Georgia is much safer option than any other country. According to the Global Peace Index, Georgia is located at the 85th position, while India is at 141st rank and the USA stands on the 103rd position. So, the universities in Georgia become the right choice to get enrolled in a safe environment to study MBBS. Moreover, international students get a discount for transportation within the cities.The country is indeed one of the best options for bright students who are planning to

study MBBS in Georgia

from the best medical universities. Students can certainly take advantage of the good lifestyle at an affordable cost which is comparatively too low compared to the USA and UK. In addition to the affordable living, the nation also provides good employment opportunities to students while pursuing medical studies in the different universities in Georgia based on one's caliber. The climate, availability of food, low pollution, availability of the essential products & services at an economical and affordable cost are some of the favorable factors attracting thousands of the students worldwide looking for the admission in the top universities for studying MBBS in Georgia.

STUDY MBBS FROM GEORGIA – AN OVERVIEW

NEET- Required

Fees Structure 45000 – 7000 USD Per Year

Accommodation 200 to 250 USD Per Month

MBBS Degree MD (Equivalent to MBBS in India)

Teaching Medium English

Medical Universities MCI and WHO approved

Course duration for MBBS admission in Georgia: Studying MBBS in Georgia is very easy and the admission process is very straight forward. The international students don’t need to appear for any separate entrance test to become eligible for the MBBS study. The marks of 10+2 and the score of NEET are enough to get qualify in the MBBS admission in Georgia. Total course duration is 7 years which includes 6years of a clinical study and a 1-year compulsory internship in the affiliated hospitals in the students’ respective countries. Students must score a Credit Load of 360 ECTS within the duration of 7 years.Study Intake for MBBS in Georgia: Application Start Date March 2020Last Date of Application June 2020Course Commences From September 2020 The education system followed by Georgia and the education quality in Georgia is highly competitive. It presents a great opportunity for the aspirants from the various nations who are willing to study MBBS in Georgia. The hundred percent literacy rate in Georgia proves the nation's best education standard. The government and the citizens are very well aware of the limitless importance of education in life and hence people are found to be fairly self-motivated towards the studies. Many favorable reasons make Georgia a favorite destination for the students seeking admission to best MBBS universities in Georgia. Documents required for admission for MBBS in Georgia:

The Student should have completed senior secondary level (class 12) in science stream with 50% marks both in aggregate and PCB

Passport

10th and 12th Marksheet

Birth Certificate

Medical Fitness Certificate

An affidavit or the sponsorship letter (notarized).

5 Passport size latest photographs.

Saraswati Online.Com – the leading MBBS consultant in India offers a complete guide about Studying MBBS in Georgia for the Indian students aspiring to study

MBBS in MCI approved medical colleges

in top Georgia MBBS universities. Contact us at 1800-425-425-66 to know more.

#MBBS admission in Georgia #MBBS Universities in Georgia #Study MBBS in Georgia #MCI approved Medical Universities in Georgia #ELIGIBILITY FOR MBBS IN GEORGIA #Procedure for MBBS in Georgia #Medical Education In Georgia #Mbbs Courses In Georgia #MBBS programs in Georgia

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studymbbsingeorgia · 5 years ago

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MBBS in Georgia - 10 Things You Should Know

If you are thinking about going to Georgia to pursue your medical degree, you have already made a good choice. But you should know some basic and some important things before going for a final decision. Here are the 10 things you should know about MBBS in Georgia.

1. Is it a good choice to study MBBS in Georgia?

It is indeed a good choice to study MBBS in Georgia. Georgian medical universities offer the best quality education and assurance for the greater future. There are top-ranked medical universities in Georgia which are recognized the Medical Council of India as well as many other medical councils from other countries.

2. Is it safe for Indian students?

Studying MBBS in Georgia is one of the choices for Indian students which should be on top numbers in safety matters. The political, as well as normal relations of both countries, are good. After the independence of Georgia, the Indian government has helped Georgia in many possible ways. So safety for Indian students is not an issue there.

Every Indian student is safe in Georgia.

3. Which college/university to choose for MBBS in Georgia?

When you decide to study MBBS abroad, you should choose the university after knowing whether it is recognized by the Medical Council of India or not. You should check whether what kind of accreditation it has.

When it comes to studying MBBS in Georgia, here are the universities that are best in Georgia for Indian students as well as recognized by the Medical Council of India.

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University

Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University

Tbilisi State Medical University

Caucasus International University

The University of Georgia

Akaki Tsereteli State University

Sokhumi State University

New Vision University Tbilisi

Georgian American University

David Tvildiani Medical Universit Tbilisi

Georgian National University SEU

Petre Shotadze Tbilisi Medical Academy

East European University, Georgia

European University

David Agmashenebeli University of Georgia

4. What are the eligibility criteria to take admission to Georgia’s top medical colleges?

To take admission for MBBS in Georgia, students need to complete some eligibility criteria. The eligibility criteria for admission to medical university in Georgia state that the Indian students should be at least 17 years old on or before 31st December of the year of admission.

Students need to clear the NEET examination with qualifying marks.

There are some universities that demand the TOEFL/IELTS exams, while other universities ask for a personal interview with students to check the English proficiency of the students.

Students should have secured at least 50% marks in HSC or equivalent level of examination with Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and English as compulsory subjects.

Once all the above-mentioned criteria are fulfilled, students need to apply for the admission as soon as possible as the seats for the medical degree in Georgia are limited.

Students can visit any trustworthy educational consultancy for help and for more details.

5. What is the cost of the MBBS course in Georgia?

When we talk about the cost of the whole course in a particular country it includes the tuition fee of the university for the course, accommodation and food costs.

Here we will discuss the tuition fee. The tuition fee for the MBBS course in Georgia starts from approx Rs. 2.90 Lac per year and ranges to Rs. 4.50 lac per year.

The duration of the MBBS course in Georgia is of 6 years. So the total cost of the tuition fee for MBBS in MCI approved medical universities in Georgia sums up to approx, Rs. 17.40 lac to Rs. 27 lac. The accommodation charges would be different for different universities.

6. What process do we need to follow for admission to MBBS in Georgia?

When an Indian student wants to get admission for MBBS in Georgia, he/she must check the eligibility criteria at first.

If the eligibility criteria for the MBBS course in Georgian medical universities are fulfilled, students need to fill the application form that is available on the online portal of a particular university. Please check you have all your documents clear before filling the form.

Send all the documents to the university. When the university receives your documents and finds it eligible, they send you an offer letter.

Once the offer letter received, students need to pay the fee for the university and then they can apply for a student visa. It takes around 30 days to process a student visa. Once you got your student visa, you can fly to achieve your dreams.

7. Is it valid in India?

Yes, MBBS from Georgia’s medical universities is valid in India. Provided that the medical university should be recognized by the Medical Council of India. You can check whether the medical university you choose is valid or not, and the list of the universities on the official page of the Medical Council of India.

Apart from the MCI approval, there is another thing that students need to keep in mind. I.e. the medical degree of any student is valid in Indian only if the students pass in the MCI screening test after completion of his/her degree from Georgia. This screening test is known as the Foreign Medical Graduate Exam and is held twice a year. The good news is you can attempt it as many times as you need to clear the test.

8. Indian Embassy in Georgia

There is no embassy in Georgia. The Indian Embassy in Yerevan, Armenia is responsible for all the issues and student registrations. Students are advised to register themselves to Indian Embassy in Armenia on arrival in Georgia

9. What is the career scope after MBBS in Georgia?

After completing your MBBS, there is a vast scope for every student. Students can practice their medicine in various countries, provided that they need to clear the screening test of the particular country’s medical council.

Students can opt to practice in private or government hospitals. They can choose to be a professor at any medical college. A great reputation may be achieved by becoming a government health officer.

10. Where/when to prepare for the MCI screening test?

The syllabus for the MCI screening test is not different than the syllabus of your medical degree. There are coaching classes arranged by universities for Indian students for MCI screening test from the first year. You can study for an MCI screening test while studying your regular course too.

So once you complete your MBBS from abroad, there are various opportunities and a great career awaits in front of you. It is always satisfactory to serve your nation and help people.

#mbbsingeorgia #studymbbsingeorgia #georgiambbsfees #mbbsingeorgia2020 #mbbsingeorgiafeestructure #mbbsingeorgiaadmission

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casualjellyfishcycle · 8 months ago

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Georgian American University Georgia: Your Gateway to MBBS Abroad

The Georgian American University Georgia (GAU) in Tbilisi, Georgia, is gaining significant recognition as a top destination for international students seeking an MBBS abroad. With a stellar reputation, affordable tuition fees, and a diverse range of courses, GAU stands out as a premier institution for medical education. In this comprehensive article, we delve into the various aspects of GAU, including its ranking, courses, cost, and admissions process, providing you with all the information you need to make an informed decision.

Georgian American University Georgia Website

The Georgian American University Georgia website is a comprehensive resource for prospective students. It offers detailed information about the university's programs, admission requirements, faculty, and campus life. The user-friendly interface ensures easy navigation, allowing students to find the information they need quickly and efficiently. The website also provides insights into student testimonials, research opportunities, and international collaborations, highlighting GAU's commitment to academic excellence and global engagement.

Georgian American University Georgia Ranking

When it comes to academic excellence and global recognition, the Georgian American University Georgia ranking speaks volumes. GAU is consistently ranked among the top universities in Georgia and holds a respectable position in the world rankings. The university's dedication to quality education, innovative research, and student satisfaction contributes significantly to its high ranking. Moreover, GAU's collaborations with international universities and participation in global academic networks further enhance its reputation, making it a preferred choice for students worldwide.

Georgian American University Georgia Courses

GAU offers a diverse range of courses tailored to meet the academic and professional aspirations of its students. Among the most sought-after programs is the MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery), which is designed to provide students with a robust medical education, combining theoretical knowledge with practical experience.

MBBS Program

The MBBS Abroad program at GAU is meticulously structured to meet international standards. The curriculum encompasses basic sciences, clinical studies, and hands-on training, ensuring that graduates are well-prepared to excel in their medical careers. The program also includes modern teaching methods, state-of-the-art laboratories, and clinical rotations in affiliated hospitals, offering students a comprehensive medical education.

Other Programs

In addition to the MBBS, GAU offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate programs across different fields, including Business Administration, Law, Engineering, and Humanities. Each program is designed to provide students with a strong academic foundation, critical thinking skills, and practical knowledge, preparing them for successful careers in their chosen fields.

Georgian American University Georgia Cost

One of the significant advantages of studying at Georgian american university georgia cost of education. The university offers high-quality education at a fraction of the cost compared to Western countries. This affordability, combined with the low cost of living in Georgia, makes GAU an attractive option for international students.

Tuition Fees

The tuition fees for the MBBS program at GAU are highly competitive. On average, the annual tuition fee for the MBBS program ranges from $4,500 to $6,000. This is considerably lower than the fees charged by medical schools in Europe and North America, making GAU an economically viable option for students from diverse backgrounds.

Living Expenses

The cost of living in Tbilisi is relatively low. Students can expect to spend between $300 to $500 per month on accommodation, food, transportation, and other miscellaneous expenses. This affordability ensures that students can enjoy a comfortable lifestyle without financial strain, allowing them to focus on their studies.

Georgian American University Georgia Admissions

The admissions process at GAU is straightforward and transparent, aimed at selecting students who demonstrate academic potential and a passion for learning.

Eligibility Criteria

To be eligible for the MBBS program, applicants must have completed their high school education with a strong background in science subjects such as Biology, Chemistry, and Physics. Proficiency in English is also required, as the medium of instruction is English.

Application Process

The application process involves several steps:

Online Application: Prospective students must complete the online application form available on the GAU website.

Document Submission: Applicants need to submit their academic transcripts, a copy of their passport, and a recent passport-sized photograph.

Entrance Exam: Some programs may require applicants to take an entrance exam to assess their knowledge and skills.

Interview: Shortlisted candidates may be invited for an interview to evaluate their motivation and suitability for the program.

Admission Decision: Successful applicants will receive an admission offer, which they must accept to secure their place at the university.

Visa Process

International students must obtain a student visa to study in Georgia. GAU provides assistance with the visa application process, ensuring that students have all the necessary documentation and support to secure their visa.

Georgian American University MBBS Fees

The MBBS fees at GAU are designed to be affordable without compromising on the quality of education. The competitive fee structure, combined with the availability of scholarships and financial aid, makes GAU an accessible option for students from various financial backgrounds.

Fee Breakdown

The annual tuition fee for the MBBS program typically ranges from $4,500 to $6,000. In addition to tuition, students may need to budget for additional costs such as textbooks, laboratory fees, and clinical training expenses. However, even with these additional costs, the overall expense remains significantly lower than in many other countries.

Georgian American University World Ranking

georgian american university world ranking commitment to academic excellence and international collaboration has earned it a respectable position in the world ranking of universities. The university's inclusion in global academic networks and its partnerships with renowned institutions worldwide contribute to its rising reputation on the global stage. GAU's world ranking reflects its dedication to providing high-quality education and fostering a diverse, inclusive learning environment.

Factors Influencing the Ranking

Several factors contribute to GAU's impressive world ranking, including:

Academic Reputation: GAU is known for its rigorous academic programs and distinguished faculty.

Research Output: The university's focus on research and innovation plays a crucial role in its ranking.

International Collaboration: Partnerships with global institutions enhance GAU's academic profile.

Student Satisfaction: High levels of student satisfaction and positive feedback contribute to the university's reputation.

Conclusion

The Georgian American University in Tbilisi, Georgia, offers a compelling option for students seeking an MBBS abroad. With its affordable tuition fees, diverse range of courses, and high global ranking, GAU provides an excellent environment for academic and personal growth. The straightforward admissions process and supportive campus community make it an ideal choice for international students. If you are considering pursuing a medical degree abroad, GAU should be at the top of your list.

#Georgian american university georgia admissions #Georgian american university georgia cost #Georgian american university georgia courses #Georgian american university georgia ranking #georgian american university georgia website

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studyabroad2022 · 3 years ago

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MBBS in Georgian American University Admissions are open! Register yourself.

#Georgian American University

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brookstonalmanac · 3 years ago

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Events 1.5

1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French army beats Brandenburg. 1757 – Louis XV of France survives an assassination attempt by Robert-François Damiens, the last person to be executed in France by drawing and quartering, the traditional and gruesome form of capital punishment used for regicides. 1781 – American Revolutionary War: Richmond, Virginia, is burned by British naval forces led by Benedict Arnold. 1875 – The Palais Garnier, one of the most famous opera houses in the world, is inaugurated in Paris. 1895 – Dreyfus affair: French army officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island. 1900 – Irish nationalist leader John Edward Redmond calls for revolt against British rule. 1911 – Kappa Alpha Psi, the world's third oldest and largest black fraternity, is founded at Indiana University. 1912 – The sixth All-Russian Conference of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Prague Party Conference) opens. In the course of the conference, Vladimir Lenin and his supporters break from the rest of the party to form the Bolshevik movement. 1913 – First Balkan War: The Battle of Lemnos begins; Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it did not venture for the rest of the war. 1914 – The Ford Motor Company announces an eight-hour workday and minimum daily wage of $5 in salary plus bonuses. 1919 – The German Workers' Party, which would become the Nazi Party, is founded in Munich. 1925 – Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming becomes the first female governor in the United States. 1933 – Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge begins in San Francisco Bay. 1941 – Amy Johnson, a 37-year-old pilot and the first woman to fly solo from London to Australia, disappears after bailing out of her plane over the River Thames, and is presumed dead. 1944 – The Daily Mail becomes the first major London newspaper to be published on both sides of the Atlantic. 1945 – The Soviet Union recognizes the new pro-Soviet Provisional Government of the Republic of Poland. 1949 – In his "State of the Union" address, United States President Harry S. Truman unveils his Fair Deal program. 1950 – In the Sverdlovsk air disaster, all 19 of those on board are killed, including almost the entire national ice hockey team (VVS Moscow) of the Soviet Air Force – 11 players, as well as a team doctor and a masseur. 1953 – The play Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett receives its première in Paris. 1957 – In a speech given to the United States Congress, United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower announces the establishment of what will later be called the Eisenhower Doctrine. 1967 – Cultural Revolution: The Shanghai People's Commune is established following the seizure of power from local city officials by revolutionaries. 1968 – Alexander Dubček comes to power in Czechoslovakia, effectively beginning the "Prague Spring". 1969 – The Venera 5 space probe is launched at 06:28:08 UTC from Baikonur. 1970 – The 7.1 Mw  Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). Between 10,000 and 15,000 people are known to have been killed and about another 26,000 are injured. 1975 – The Tasman Bridge in Tasmania, Australia, is struck by the bulk ore carrier Lake Illawarra, killing twelve people. 1976 – The Khmer Rouge proclaim the Constitution of Democratic Kampuchea. 1976 – The Troubles: Gunmen shoot dead ten Protestant civilians after stopping their minibus at Kingsmill in County Armagh, Northern Ireland, UK, allegedly as retaliation for a string of attacks on Catholic civilians in the area by Loyalists, particularly the killing of six Catholics the night before. 1991 – Georgian forces enter Tskhinvali, the capital of South Ossetia, Georgia, opening the 1991–92 South Ossetia War. 1991 – Somali Civil War: The United States Embassy to Somalia in Mogadishu is evacuated by helicopter airlift days after the outbreak of violence in Mogadishu. 1993 – The oil tanker MV Braer runs aground on the coast of the Shetland Islands, spilling 84,700 tons of crude oil. 2005 – The dwarf planet Eris is discovered by Palomar Observatory-based astronomers, later motivating the International Astronomical Union (IAU) to define the term planet for the first time. 2014 – A launch of the communication satellite GSAT-14 aboard the GSLV MK.II D5 marks the first successful flight of an Indian cryogenic engine.

#Events

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lodelss · 5 years ago

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Amos Barshad | An excerpt adapted from No One Man Should Have All That Power: How Rasputins Manipulate the World | Harry N. Abrams | 17 minutes (4,490 words)

In the lobby of a heavy-stone building in central Moscow, I’m greeted by a friendly young woman in a pantsuit who, she explains, is working “in the field of geopolitics.” She takes me to the security desk, where my passport is carefully, minutely inspected before I’m granted access. As we head upstairs the woman slowly whispers a joke: “This is what will save us from the terrorists.”

We walk down a long, high hallway that looks or bare or unfinished or forgotten, like maybe someone was planning on shutting down this wing of the office but never got around to it. There are linoleum floors, cracking and peeling, and bits of mismatched tile in the style of sixties Americana. Rank-and-file office clerks shuffle through, and no one pays attention to a faint buzzing emanating from somewhere near.

We stop in front of a heavy wooden door. Inside is Aleksandr Dugin.

The man is an ideologue with a convoluted, bizarre, unsettling worldview. He believes the world is divided into two spheres of influence — sea powers, which he calls Eternal Carthage, and land powers, which he calls Eternal Rome. He believes it has always been so. Today, those spheres are represented by America, the Carthage, and Russia, the Rome. He believes that Carthage and Rome are locked in a forever war that will only end with the destruction of one or the other.

In Western media, he’s become a dark character worthy of obsession. He quotes and upholds long-forgotten scholars with anti-Semitic leanings like Julius Evola, who critiqued Mussolini’s Fascism for being too soft. (Evola is a deep-cut favorite of Steve Bannon’s as well.) He’s been linked with ultra-right movements internationally, from supporters of Marine Le Pen in France to supporters of Viktor Orbán in Hungary. Some read his writings hoping to suss out some linchpin of Russian domestic and foreign policy.

As the Russian American journalist Masha Gessen wrote in The Future Is History, her celebrated 2017 examination of modern Russia, “Dugin enjoyed a period of international fame of sorts as a Putin whisperer — some believed he was the mastermind behind Putin’s wars.” Others called him “Putin’s brain,” or even “Putin’s Rasputin.”

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He sits at a plain desk, thick texts piled up in the bookcases behind him. His hair is brown and streaked with gray and parted floppily down the middle. He wears a dark-blue suit, no tie, and a lightly pinstriped shirt. There is a mole just to the left of his nose. His lips are buried in a big, bushy gray beard that, as Bloomberg once happily noted, “gives him a passing resemblance to the Siberian mystic who bewitched the last Tsar’s family.”

As the manifesto from one of the many political organizations he’d founded over the years once put it, Dugin’s worldview is “built on the total and radical negation of the individual and his centrality.” As one of his young followers once said, “Obedience and love for one’s leaders are traits of the Russian people.” And as Dugin himself once said, “There is nothing universal about universal human rights.”

From the second I walk in the door, he is locked and ready to engage. “Western Christianity and Western modernity and Western global elites try to oppose artificial intellect over the natural human liberty — that is a kind of a doom of the West that we rejected always.” He speaks in entrancingly accented, rapid English full of strange, unlikely phrasings rooted equally in the language of academia and his own far-flung and oblique obsessions — the occult, black magic, the hidden forces of history. He’s also really hung up on the West’s promotion of artificial intelligence. (Looking back now, I like to imagine that he was trying to tell me, if I’d only listened, that Skynet — the evil sentient world-destroying computer network from the Terminator series — was real.) If I let him, he’ll go on all day.

But I’m not here to get the stump speech, the full spiel. I want to know: How has he spread his message? How has he infected President Vladimir Putin — and Russia at large — with this worldview?

Aleksandr Dugin believes his influence is of a divine kind. And so he happily accepts the accusation of influence.

When I first ask him the question on influence he cuts me off, brusquely. I worry at first he’s going to end this conversation prematurely. Instead, he immediately monologues on the topic; it turns out he was cutting me off so that he could get to his turn to speak faster. “I could recognize that I am responsible for imposing my world vision over others,” he tells me. “And what excuse do I have for that? My excuse precisely exists in my own philosophy. I am not creator of the thought. It is a kind of angelic or demonic dialect that I’m involved in. I am but transmitter of some objective knowledge that exists outside of myself — beyond myself.”

The arc of Dugin’s life has been unlikely. In the eighties, he was an obscure, mild anti-Soviet dissident. In 1983, USSR authorities noted the trifling incident of Dugin playing the guitar at a party and singing what were, in his own words, “mystical anti-Communist songs.” He was deemed a real threat by no one. But in the nineties, after the fall of the USSR, he became a national figure.

His writings began to gain currency, primarily his major work, The Foundations of Geopolitics, which became particularly popular with military elites. In 1993, he hosted the television program The Mysticism of the Third Reich, during which, as Gessen writes, he “hinted at a Western conspiracy to conceal the true nature of Hitler’s power.”

In The Future Is History, Gessen charts the rest of Dugin’s rise. How Moscow State University’s sociology department brought Dugin on board, implicitly legitimizing his theories with an elite institution’s stamp of approval. How every one of Russia’s national and international crises seemed to bolster him further.

Dugin believes his influence is of a divine kind. And so he happily accepts the accusation of influence.

In the summer of 2008, Russia invaded neighboring Georgia. Ostensibly, they were supporting South Ossetia and Abkhazia, two Russian-leaning Georgian enclaves with long-held dreams of independence. Effectively, Russia had invaded a sovereign state. For years, government officials had been issuing Russian passports to Abkhazians and South Ossetians; now Russian forces had advanced deep into Georgian territory. This was the real deal, the Dugin-encouraged expansionist destiny. Russia once again had its guns cocked.

Dugin shined. Photos of him in South Ossetia circled. He stood in front of a tank, an AK-47 in his hands. As Gessen writes, that summer also “marked the first time he had seen one of his slogans catch on and go entirely mainstream, repeated on television and reproduced on bumper stickers. The slogan was Tanks to Tbilisi,” the Georgian capital. “Dugin had written ‘those who do not support the slogan are not Russians. Tanks to Tbilisi should be written on every Russian’s forehead.’”

From 2011 to 2013, the “snow revolution” — a series of peaceful protests against Russian election fraud — burbled in Moscow. The Russian government’s position was that the activists were paid agitators being supported by the US State Department. (As Putin declared in the early stages of the protests, “We are all grownups here. We all understand the organisers are acting according to a well-known scenario and in their own mercenary political interests.”) In the winter of 2013, Dugin spoke at a massive government-organized counter-protest in front of a crowd of tens of thousands.

“Dear Russian people! The global American empire strives to bring all countries of the world under its control,” he bellowed. “To resist this most serious threat, we must be united and mobilized! We must remember that we are Russian! That for thousands of years we protected our freedom and independence. We have spilled seas of blood, our own and other peoples, to make Russia great. And Russia will be great! Otherwise it will not exist at all. Russia is everything! All else is nothing!”

Internally, Putin answered the snow revolution with a crackdown. Externally, he answered with a show of force.

In 2014, again ostensibly answering the call of popular will, so-called “little green men” — Russian soldiers with no identifying insignias — took over the Crimean peninsula in the name of the Russian government. Crimea was a quasi-independent entity of Ukraine with a prominent ethnically Russian population. In the eyes of the international community, it was a brazenly illegal act. Once again, Russia was practicing expansionism.

Dugin was overjoyed. He had been pushing for a Crimean takeover since the nineties. He believed that it was just the beginning. Russia should go further and co-opt Eastern Ukraine (the traditionally Russian-speaking half of the country) as well. But for now, it augured great things. He saw it as a bolstering of the Russian sphere of influence. Eternal Rome was again strengthening itself.

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During one major televised interview, Putin explained the Crimean invasion by saying “a Russian person — or to speak more broadly, a person of the Russian World — thinks about the fact that man has a moral purpose. These are the deep roots of our patriotism. This is where mass heroism comes from in war.”

Now even Dugin’s literal phrasings were being echoed back to him. As Gessen writes, “The phrase ‘Russian World’ — the vision of a civilization led by Russia — was Dugin’s.” This was, effectively, the real-life execution of Dugin’s worldview.

Dugin did not talk to Gessen for her book. Possibly, he was familiar with Gessen’s place as an outspoken Putin critic and decided to stay away. I can only assume that Dugin agreed to an interview with me because he’d never heard of me before. I assume that he felt comfortable he would dominate the interaction.

“I believe in ideas that could well exist without man,” Dugin tells me. “Angels are ideas without bodies. I’m a believer. I believe in angels. I believe in God. I believe in Revelation. I’m Christian Orthodox. And for me, the existence of angels, as well as the existence of ideas, is the fact of experience — not only narrative.”

As Dugin sees it, he has stayed put, espousing these ideas that were given to him by the Lord. It’s the world that has moved around him. Sometimes it’s drawn to him. Sometimes it’s repulsed. “I put myself in the center of all the society of history. It’s not egocentric. It’s completely opposed to egocentrism. I put myself in the center of the world by precisely liberating myself from the individual. It is some other in myself that is the center.”

Are you following? He is at the center because his truth is the true truth. But he is also opposite the mainstream. He stands, alone, against a great force. “Mass media, education, politics, social relations, class, economy — that is society,” he says. “It is mechanicalized. A kind of social mechanics.”

Dugin, however, is part of something else — the “revolutionary elite that is coming to replace the elite.” He is counter-elite. And not only in Russia, but “on a global scale — I awaken these peoples. I’m awakening these collective consciousnesses. Using the term of Carl Gustav Jung, I transform these peoples from the sleeping mode to the waking mode. From the drunken mode to the sober mode.”

(He really does say the whole name: “Carl Gustav Jung.” In the course of our conversation, he also name-checks Vilfredo Pareto, Louis Dumont, Hegel, Heidegger, and Charles Krauthammer, almost always quoting them directly, almost always prefacing said quote with some variation of the phrase “In the words of . . .”)

He goes on: “That is the operation that I am leading. My influence is very special. I would say, a revolutionary kind. That is why I am called, by some American figures, the most dangerous man in the world. I would gladly accept that as labeled. I hope that it is true.”

His power and influence, he says, are of a slippery kind. “We could not measure for example, who is more popular, Michael Jackson or myself,” he says, chuckling softly.

I begin to believe that if I stay here long enough, he’ll keep inventing ways to emphatically gesticulate forever.

Because Michael Jackson, or pop music as a whole, exists in the mainstream — inside the traditional flow of information. And despite his history of television appearances, Dugin claims that “the traditional ways to promote ideas are completely closed” to him “and were closed from the very beginning.” Therefore, “in order to exercise, to fulfill this influence, I am obliged to seek, to search new ways. So I’m a kind of a, mmmm, metaphysical hacker. I try to find the backdoors of the program of globalization in order to make it explode.” His work, he says proudly, is a “a kind of terrorism.”

And despite this self-perceived singular place in the center of history, he says, “I’m not lonely Russian stranger. I am the most Russian man that we could imagine. I am Russia spirit. I am Russia!”

In conversation, as he makes his points, Dugin’s hands move constantly. Not just one or two swipes; it’s a wild, unceasing symphony of gestures. He swings an open palm, slams fingertips straight down on the tabletop, points an index finger in the air and his other hand’s middle finger straight down. The fingers and palms move in synchronicity and also alone, every single one on a mission. He interlocks and breaks apart and throws out his hands and brings them back together. Some of the moves he repeats. Some come just once. I begin to believe that if I stay here long enough, he’ll keep inventing ways to emphatically gesticulate forever.

His is a kind of intimate, anti-charisma. I realize that it’s the surety of his purpose that compels. As in so many other situations, pure, unadulterated bluster is carrying the day for Dugin.

“People like myself reflect the liberty of mankind. Man is an entity that always can choose. It can say yes to globalization and to this artificial intelligence, to the so-called progress, to the individualization — yes to the global agenda. But the man can say, ‘No, no! It’s not me!’ And that is the salvation of mankind. We need to liberate everybody. We need a global revolution. And I am conscious that I am fulfilling this role.”

I ask Dugin about a man he’s friendly with, to whom he’s often been compared: Steve Bannon. Is it correct? Are they some kind of analogs?

“As long as I understand Bannon, I think that the comparison could be legitimate,” he says. “Bannon suggested to Trump how to find the backdoor in the system. Absolutely, to be a kind of revolutionary — not from the right or the left, but a revolutionary against this world.” But “Bannon is a PR specialist dealing in ideology. I am a philosopher, trying to transmit through art, special art, my historical mission in front of Russian people.

“Maybe the difference exists precisely in the different nature of our societies. American society is much more based on public relations. Pragmatism. If something works, it is already accepted. Technical efficacy is much more appreciated than, for example, ideological coherence or truthfulness. In the political public relations, the propaganda is a means to trick people. I am not using ideology. I am used by ideology.”

Dugin is skeptical that Bannon ever had the mandate to be a true, pure ideologue. He recalls Trump once, way back on the campaign trail, skewering Bannon for reading too much. “I think that you cannot read too much. If you understand the weight of ideas, this accusation is a proof of some limited mind.”

Arguing his point, Dugin falls into a minor reverie. “So many beautiful texts!” he says. “So many profound authors and philosophers . . . so many languages! The real richness, the real treasury of human wisdom amassed is infinite. The only blame should be, you are reading not enough. If you always, reading, reading, reading, it’s nothing at all. Everybody of us should read more. More and more! If you think you read enough, you’re wrong! You don’t read nothing!” Before his fall from relevance, Bannon and Dugin did have interesting parallels. Like Bannon’s now-squandered power, Dugin’s lies in his ability to portray all world events as part of a plot he’s already seen. The sheer grandiosity of his speech is calculated to overwhelm. I know it all, he insists again and again, until the listener either accepts him as ridiculous or sublime.

But Bannon never had Dugin’s air of historicity. Intentionally or otherwise, Dugin has been able to cloak himself in dark mystery. Perhaps Dugin would prefer an example closer to home, then — Grigori Rasputin?

He’s not offended. Not in the slightest. Soberly, he analyzes the pairing.

“So. The figure of Rasputin is misunderstood. He had influence over our tsar, personal influence. He was against the modernization and Westernization. He was in favor of Russian people instead of the corrupted Russian elite.” So far, more than a few points of overlap between Aleksandr and Grigori. Certainly, Dugin is Rasputinesque.

But! “Rasputin wasn’t philosopher. He didn’t conceptualize anything. He’s a kind of hypnotizer, a kind of a trickster, something like that. So the comparison is a little bit limited. He built his influence on the personal charm and on his individual influence on the tsar. That was a very special case. This was person-to-person, without some ideology. Some philosophy.”

Who, then, is a closer peer or antecedent? For an answer, Dugin has to go beyond contemporary politics, beyond Russian history — and into the realm of the fantastic. “I compare myself much more to Merlin.” The great wizard Merlin, the mythical one, the son of an incubus. King Arthur’s advisor. “The image of the intellectual that is engaged in supra-human contemplation, in the secrets, that tries to clear the way for the secular ruler to create the great empire. “Merlin. The founder of King Arthur’s empire. That is my archetype, I would say.”

I ask Dugin, “What comes next?”

“Some of the ideas that I defended from the ages — they have won. They are accepted by the government and realized in the Eurasian union and Russian foreign policy and military strategy. The anti-modern, anti-Western, anti-liberal shift of Russian politics and ideology has been realized.”

But “the other half is not yet fulfilled. That is the problem. The second part of my ideas, of my projects, of my visions of the Russian future is still waiting. It is suspended, I would say. It waits it’s own time.”

The problem, says Dugin, is that Putin has not institutionalized the bits of Dugin that he’s borrowed. The Dugin worldview has not reached the point of “irreversibility.” Here, Dugin is critical of Putin: “He pretend to be the ruler, pragmatic and not controlled by nothing, including ideology. He pretend to be the absolute sovereign instead of being the sovereign fighting for the mission.

“It is a kind of simulacrum,” he says. “It is a kind of imitation. It seems more and more that it is a kind of very dirty play. A game they try to hijack. The real tradition, the real conservatism — they try to use that as tools and means for their rule.”

Where does the Rasputin end and the Rasputin’s subject begin?

He’s careful not to point fingers too directly. This is modern Russia, after all. “Maybe not Putin himself,” he says, “but the people around Putin.”

Fundamentally, Dugin’s disappointment is that Putin did not go far enough. That he did not push past Crimea and into Ukraine with the Russian Army. That he is not creating a “Russian world” beyond the borders of modern Russia — that he’s not birthing a new Russian empire. In Gessen’s analysis, this revealed the true nature of Dugin’s influence. Putin wasn’t being manipulated by Dugin’s ideology; Putin was borrowing it, for his own ends.

So was Dugin influential? Or was he a stooge? Again, that old question: Where does the Rasputin end and the Rasputin’s subject begin? Where do Putin’s own volitions end and where do Dugin’s prophecies begin?

One neutral observer might observe that Dugin’s dark influence was great once, but has waned now. Yet another might observe that it was always transactional.

But Dugin doesn’t have to control Putin, only and directly, to have influence on the culture. Igor Vinogradov, the editor of the magazine Kontinent, once said of Dugin and his disciples, “They are undertaking a noisy galvanization of a reactionary utopia that failed long ago — for all their ineptitude, they are very dangerous. After all, the temptation of religious fundamentalism . . . is attractive to many desperate people who have lost their way in this chaos.” That was in 1992. Since, Dugin has published endlessly and spread his missives incessantly. Both in English and in Russian, the Internet is rife with his manifestos.

Andreas Umlaund is a Ukrainian political scientist who has studied Dugin at length. Perhaps inevitably, Umlaund’s research into Dugin made Umlaund a target. As he explained to me in an interview from his home in Ukraine, Dugin’s minions write articles that allege that he is “an anti-Russian agent paid by the [US] State Department” and that he’s been “kicked out of universities for [sexual] harassment.” According to these reports, Umlaund says, “German officials were looking for me because I was involved in child pornography. Allegedly, I’m a pedophile!”

Umlaund’s greatest sin, in Dugin’s supporters eyes, was exposing Dugin’s explicit Nazi leanings. “I digged out these old quotes where he praises the SS and Reinhard Heydrich, the original SS officer responsible for the organization of the Holocaust. And they didn’t like that, because by that time Dugin had already become part of the Russian establishment. And these old quotes, from when he was still a lunatic fringe actor, were an embarrassment.”

I ask Umlaund what it’s like, being targeted as the number one nemesis of a man like Dugin. With historically informed equanimity, he shrugs it off. “This is not an unusual campaign,” he says. “Also in Soviet times, they were using pedophilia allegations against dissidents and of political enemies. It’s from the KGB playbook.”

Umlaund has continued his work, writing that the explosion of Dugin content, which begins around 2001, “has become difficult to follow. The number of Dugin’s appearances in the press, television, radio, World Wide Web, and various academic and political conferences has multiplied.” Dugin’s aim, Umlaund argues, is to “radically transform basic criteria of what constitutes science, what scholarly research is about, and to permit bodies of thought such as occultism, mysticism, esotericism, conspirology, etc. into higher education and scholarship that would bring down the borders between science and fiction.”

There’s a classic Simpsons episode that I love, “Homer vs. Lisa and the 8th Commandment.” It’s from 1990, the early golden era of the show. It starts off with Homer spotting Flanders fussily rejecting a cable guy’s illegal, tantalizing offer: fifty dollars for bootleg cable. Sensibly, immediately, Homer drags the cable guy over to his own home and readily accepts. But as the man is finishing up his installation, Homer has a twinge of morality.

“So . . . this is OK, isn’t it?” he asks. “I mean everybody does it, right?” Coolly, the cable man hands him a pamphlet full of justifications for his actions (“Fact: Cable companies are big faceless corporations”). The evocative title: “So You’ve Decided to Steal Cable.”

It’s a wild oversimplification, to be sure, but the danger of someone like Dugin (and Bannon before him) is wrapped up in that pamphlet. You can make someone hate. But it’s easier to find someone who already hates, and to give them justification — historical, epic justification — for their hate. People naturally drift toward doing bad things. But they’d also love a pamphlet explaining why it’s all OK.

As Bloomberg has pointed out, in 2014, Dugin lost his place at the Moscow State University “after activists accused him of encouraging genocide. Thousands of people signed a petition calling for his removal after a rant in support of separatists in Ukraine in which he said, ‘kill, kill, kill.’” But he no longer needed an institution like Moscow State to have influence — he’d already become a prominent enough member of the establishment on his own.

During his time in the center of Russian politics, while the vagaries of the real world turned, Dugin tended to the ur-mission. Now, perhaps, he’s back on the outs of his country’s mainstream political thought. But his words have left his mouth and have been received. And he will continue talking and talking because he is playing a long, long game. “Some things are being realized that I have foreseen and foretold thirty years ago,” he tells me. “Now I am foretelling and foreseeing what should come in the future.”

As Dugin sees it, “The most highest point of American influence as universal power is behind us. Because America tries to go beyond the normal and the natural borders and tries to influence Middle East, Africa, Eurasia — and fails everywhere. America export chaos, bloody chaos. Everywhere America is, there is corpses. They have turned into a nihilistic force. The real greatness of America is not in continuation of this exporting of this bloody chaos.”

Dugin suggests that America ask itself some hard questions. Like “What is victory? What is glory? What is real highest position in history?”

Dugin’s vision is clear: America for Americans, Russia for Russians. And while Russia builds itself back up, it stays a closed society. “Being weak, we should stay closed from any influence,” he says. “From the West, from the East, from China or Islam or Europe or America or Africa, we should stay closed” — he bangs a fist on the table — “in order to return to our force.”

Through an open window, gray daylight pours in. Behind us, two women walk back and forth, mugs of coffee in hand, consulting texts and each other. They, presumably, are in the “field of geopolitics” as well. Here, in this room, in this massive building, Dugin quietly plots Russia’s revival and sends out his warnings to Russia’s enemies. The grand project rolls on.

America, declares Dugin, must follow the way of Trump into cynical and callow isolationism and avoid its once-upon-a-time fate as a shining beacon on a hill. Otherwise, Carthage and Rome will do battle. “When the United States tries to be unique, to be universal, a norm for all humanity — that creates the basis for inevitable conflict,” Dugin says. “Then the final war is inevitable.”

* * *

Amos Barshad was raised in Israel, the Netherlands, and Massachusetts. He’s a former staff writer at The FADER and Grantland and has written for The New Yorker, the New York Times, and Arkansas Times. This is his first book.

Longreads Editor: Dana Snitzky

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gs-offshore · 8 years ago

Text

The Five Categories of Jurisdictions

But first

Let’s address the elephant in the room first: the dormancy of the blog. I have ideas for blog posts but limited time in which to write them. I don’t want to sacrifice on quality by sticking to a schedule so for the coming months, the blog will probably be responsive and reactive (i.e. writing about stuff as it comes to me based on discussions on forums and elsewhere) as opposed to writing about something new every X days/weeks.

Today’s post started out as a response to a thread by @Raphael in which the following question was posed: Which IBCs/LLCs do Georgian Banks go with? What started out as a short answer because a small treatise and I decided to share it here instead.