#ent disease in male

[sarvodayahospital]

From allergies to cancer, knowing the symptoms are vital. Don't ignore symptoms like hearing loss, stuffiness. Consult an ENT for diagnosis & specialised care. Visit the Sarvodaya Hospital today & read more about your signs here!👃🏻

[servantofthefates]

Tarot Combinations for Health Issues

Tarot can help pinpoint hidden health issues. But in most areas, it is illegal for a tarot reader to give medical advice to clients. So if such topics do show up in the cards, all that a tarot reader can do is alert the querent of a possible problem and strongly suggest that they see a doctor for confirmation.

Nine of Cups reversed + The Devil

Abdominal or digestive issues

Temperance reversed + Five of Cups

Blood or chemical imbalances

The High Priestess + Four of Swords reversed

Respiratory diseases

Five of Wands + Death

Musculoskeletal problems

Eight of Wands + The Moon

Bacterial or viral infections

Four of Wands + Two of Swords

Undetected food allergies

The Empress reversed + Eight of Swords

Female reproductive issues

Four of Swords + The Chariot reversed

Male reproductive issues

The Star + Five of Swords

Poisoning (e.g., Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy)

Three of Swords + Five of Pentacles

Heart disease

The Lovers reversed + Four of Pentacles

Eating disorders

The Magician reversed + The Fool

Genetic disorders

The World + King of Swords reversed

Skin diseases

Strength reversed + Seven of Wands

Otolaryngology (ENT) or dental problems

Knight of Swords + Six of Wands reversed

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Two of Cups reversed + The Devil

Sexually transmitted diseases

The Hermit reversed + Seven of Swords

Malnutrition or dehydration

Nine of Pentacles reversed + Nine of Wands

Chronic fatigue or stress

The Sun reversed + Nine of Swords

Mental health issues

The Tower + Ten of Swords

Terminal illness

[mcatmemoranda]

Patient is a [ ] yo male/female presenting to the clinic for a preoperative evaluation.

Procedure [ ]

Scheduled date of procedure [ ]

Surgeon performing procedure requesting consultation for preop is [ ] and can be contacted at [ ]

This patient is/is not medically optimized for the planned surgery, see below for details.

EKG collected in office, interpreted personally and under the direct supervision of attending physician as follows- sinus rate and rhythm, no evidence of ischemia or ST abnormalities, no blocks, normal QTc interval.

The following labs are to be completed prior to surgery, and will be evaluated upon completion. Procedure is to be performed as scheduled barring any extraordinary laboratory derangements of concern.

Current medication list has been thoroughly reviewed and should not interfere with surgery as written.

Patient has no prior history of adverse reactions to anesthesia, problems with airway management, difficult IV access, prolonged emergence, or postoperative nausea/vomiting.

Airway Mallampati score: This patient is a Grade based on the criteria listed below

-Grade I Tonsillar pillars, soft palate, entire uvula

-Grade II Tonsillar pillars, soft palate, part of uvula

-Grade III Soft palate, base of uvula

-Grade IV Hard palate only, no uvula visualized

Patient is a low/medium/high risk for this low/medium/high risk surgical procedure.

Will send documentation of this preoperative visit to surgeon [ ].

**** ADDITIONAL INFORMATION****

Patient Risk for Elective Surgical Procedure as Determined with the Criteria Below:

1- Very Low Risk

No known medical problems

2- Low Risk

Hypertension

Hyperlipidemia

Asthma

Other chronic, stable medical condition without significant functional impairment

3- Intermediate Risk

Age 70 or older

Non-insulin dependent diabetes

History of treated, stable CAD

Morbid obesity (BMI > 30)

Anemia (hemoglobin < 10)

Mild renal insufficiency

4- High Risk

-Chronic CHF

-Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

-Renal insufficiency: creatinine > 2

-Moderate COPD: FEV1 50% to 70%

-Obstructive sleep apnea

-History of stroke or TIA

-Known diagnosis of dementia

-Chronic pain syndrome

5- Very High Risk

-Unstable or severe cardiac disease

-Severe COPD: FEV1 < 50% predicted

-Use of home oxygen

-Pulmonary hypertension

-Severe liver disease

-Severe frailty; physical incapacitation

Surgical Risk Score Determined as Below:

1- Very Low Risk

Procedures that usually require only minimal or moderate sedation and have few physiologic effects

-Eye surgery

-GI endoscopy (without stents)

-Dental procedures

2- Low Risk

Procedures associated with minimal physiologic effect

-Hernia repair

-ENT procedures without planned flap or neck dissection

-Diagnostic cardiac catheterization

-Interventional radiology

-GI endoscopy with stent placement

-Cystoscopy

3- Intermediate Risk

Procedures associated with moderate changes in hemodynamics, risk of blood loss

-Intracranial and spine surgery

-Gynecologic and urologic surgery

-Intra-abdominal surgery without bowel resection

-Intra-thoracic surgery without lung resection

-Cardiac catheterization procedures including electrophysiology studies, ablations, AICD, pacemaker

4- High Risk

Procedures with possible significant effect on hemodynamics, blood loss

-Colorectal surgery with bowel resection

-Kidney transplant

-Major joint replacement (shoulder, knee, and hip)

-Open radical prostatectomy, cystectomy

-Major oncologic general surgery or gynecologic surgery

-Major oncologic head and neck surgery

5- Very High Risk

Procedures with major impact on hemodynamics, fluid shifts, possible major blood loss:

-Aortic surgery

-Cardiac surgery

-Intra-thoracic procedures with lung resection

-Major transplant surgery (heart, lung, liver)

High risk surgery: yes/no

Hx of ischemic heart disease: y/n

Hx of CHF: y/n

Hx of CVA/TIA: y/n

Pre-op tx with insulin: y/n

DM/how are blood sugars?

Pre-op Cr >2mg: y/n

OTHER EVALUATIONS BASED OFF PATIENT HISTORY SEE BELOW:

1. CARDIAC EVALUATION

A. Ischemic Cardiac Risk- Describe any history of cardiovascular disease and list the cardiologist/electrophysiologist. For CAD, report the results of the most recent stress test or cardiac cath, type of procedures or type of stents, date of MI, and recommendations for perioperative management. Include antiplatelet management. Continue baby aspirin for patients with cardiac stents - unless having neurosurgery, then coordinate with surgeon.

B. Ventricular function - include most recent echocardiogram evaluation ideally performed within the past 2 years

C. Valvular heart disease- include most recent echocardiogram, type of prosthetic valve

D. Arrhythmias - include any implanted devices and recent interrogation report, contact electrophysiology about device management during the surgery and include recommendations provided. For A-Fib, include CHA2DS2-VASc score

E. Beta blockade - All patients on chronic beta blockers should have these medications continue throughout the perioperative period unless there is a specifically documented contraindication.

F. Hypertension - Other than for cataract surgery, ACEI inhibitors and ARBs should be held for 24hours prior to surgery and diuretics should be held the morning of surgery

G. Vascular disease - include antiplatelet management and dates of strokes

2. PULMONARY EVALUATION

A. COPD/Asthma - include any recent exacerbations, intubations, chronic O2 use, amount of rescue inhaler use

B. OSA risk - STOPBANG score - address severity of sleep apnea and CPAP use

3. HEMATOLOGIC EVALUATION

A. Bleeding Risk - assess the bleeding risk and history for every patient

B. VTE Prophylaxis/Thrombotic risk - estimate risk and provide recommendations

C. Anticoagulation management - include pre-op and post-op medication instructions

D. Anemia - pre-op treatment plan

D. Oncology - history and treatments

4. ENDOCRINE EVALUATION

A. Diabetes mellitus - include type, medication use, recent A1c, pre-op and post-op management instructions

B. Adrenal insufficiency risk - assess for prolonged steroid use in the last year

5. RENAL EVALUATION

A. CKD - include stage, baseline labs

B. ESRD - include dialysis schedule, type, access, dry weight, location of dialysis. Generally, surgery should not be scheduled on a dialysis day.

C. Electrolyte abnormalities

6. GI EVALUATION

A. Liver disease - including MELD score and Child-Pugh classification

7. OTHER relevant comorbidities or anesthesia considerations

[substance abuse, chronic pain, delirium risk, PONV (post-operative nausea and vomiting) risk, psych disorders, neurologic disorders, infectious disease, etc.]

[qualitysoulobject]

Finding the Best Urologist in Jaipur at SRK Superspeciality Hospital

When it comes to urological care, finding the **Best Urologist in Jaipur** is crucial for effective treatment and long-term health. SRK (Shri Rama Krishna) Superspeciality Hospital is home to some of the most experienced and highly regarded urologists in the region. Known for its comprehensive medical services, SRK Superspeciality Hospital is a leading healthcare provider in Jaipur, offering specialized care in urology, ophthalmology, ENT, and orthopedics.

Why Choose the Best Urologist at SRK Superspeciality Hospital?

Expertise and Specialization The urologists at SRK Superspeciality Hospital are renowned for their expertise in diagnosing and treating a wide range of urological conditions. Whether it’s kidney stones, prostate issues, urinary incontinence, or male infertility, the team is equipped to handle all aspects of urological care with precision and compassion.

Advanced Diagnostic and Treatment Facilities SRK Superspeciality Hospital is at the forefront of medical technology, offering the latest diagnostic tools and treatment options. The urology department is equipped with cutting-edge equipment that enables accurate diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment, leading to faster recovery times and better outcomes.

Comprehensive Urological Care At SRK Superspeciality Hospital, patients have access to a full range of urological services, including: Kidney Stone Treatment: The hospital offers advanced treatments for kidney stones, including laser lithotripsy and minimally invasive surgeries. Prostate Care: From benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to prostate cancer, the urologists provide expert care tailored to each patient’s needs. Male Infertility: The hospital provides specialized treatments for male infertility, including hormonal therapies and surgical interventions. Urinary Incontinence: Effective treatment options are available for both male and female patients suffering from urinary incontinence, helping them regain control and confidence.

Multispecialty Care at SRK Superspeciality Hospital

Beyond urology, SRK Superspeciality Hospital is known for its excellence in other medical specialties, offering a holistic approach to healthcare.

Eye Specialist in Jaipur The ophthalmology department at SRK Superspeciality Hospital provides expert eye care, including treatments for cataracts, glaucoma, and retinal diseases. The hospital’s eye specialists are dedicated to preserving and enhancing vision through personalized care and advanced treatments.

ENT Specialist in Jaipur The ENT department at SRK Superspeciality Hospital offers comprehensive care for conditions related to the ear, nose, and throat. Whether it’s a routine check-up or a complex surgery, the ENT specialists ensure that each patient receives the highest level of care.

Orthopedic Care in Jaipur For patients dealing with musculoskeletal issues, SRK Superspeciality Hospital provides advanced orthopedic care. The orthopedic department specializes in joint replacement surgeries, fracture management, and sports injuries, helping patients regain mobility and live pain-free lives.

Patient-Centric Care at SRK Superspeciality Hospital

What sets SRK Superspeciality Hospital apart is its commitment to patient-centric care. The hospital’s approach emphasizes personalized treatment plans, ensuring that each patient receives the attention and care they deserve. The urologists and other specialists work together in a multidisciplinary approach to address the unique needs of each patient, leading to better health outcomes.

Conclusion

When searching for the Best Urologist in Jaipur, SRK (Shri Rama Krishna) Superspeciality Hospital is the destination of choice. With its team of experienced urologists, advanced medical facilities, and a comprehensive approach to patient care, SRK Superspeciality Hospital offers the highest standard of urological treatment. Whether you need specialized urological care or expert services in ophthalmology, ENT, or orthopedics, SRK Superspeciality Hospital is dedicated to providing the best medical care in Jaipur.

[shantilalhospital]

Best Multispeciality Hospital in Hyderabad | Shantilal Hospital

Welcome to Shantilal Hospital, the best multispeciality hospital in Hyderabad, where we are committed to providing comprehensive healthcare services with excellence and compassion. Our state-of-the-art facility, experienced medical professionals, and patient-centric approach ensure that you receive the highest quality care.

Our Services At Shantilal Hospital, we offer a wide range of medical services to meet the diverse needs of our patients. Here’s an overview of the specialized departments and services available:

General Medicine & Diabetology

Expert care for chronic and acute medical conditions. Specialized treatment plans for diabetes management and related complications.

Orthopaedics & Trauma Care

Comprehensive care for musculoskeletal injuries and disorders. Advanced trauma care for fractures and other emergency conditions.

General & Laparoscopic Surgery

Minimally invasive surgical techniques for faster recovery. Expertise in a variety of general surgical procedures.

Obstetrics & Gynecology

Comprehensive care for women's health. Services include prenatal care, delivery, and gynecological surgeries.

Urology Surgery

Treatment for urinary tract conditions and male reproductive health issues. Advanced surgical techniques for kidney stones, prostate problems, and more.

Anaesthesiology

Expert pain management and anesthesia services for surgical procedures. Focus on patient safety and comfort during surgery.

Spine Surgery

Specialized care for spinal disorders and injuries. Minimally invasive techniques for better outcomes and quicker recovery.

Arthroscopic Surgery

Minimally invasive surgery for joint problems. Expertise in treating sports injuries and degenerative joint conditions.

Radiology

Advanced imaging services for accurate diagnosis. Includes X-ray, MRI, CT scan, and ultrasound.

Neurology

Comprehensive care for neurological disorders. Treatments for conditions like epilepsy, stroke, and Parkinson’s disease.

Plastic Surgery

Cosmetic and reconstructive surgery services. Expertise in enhancing appearance and correcting deformities.

Pediatrics

Specialized care for infants, children, and adolescents. Services include routine check-ups, vaccinations, and treatment of illnesses.

Psychiatry

Mental health services for all age groups. Treatments for depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions.

ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat)

Treatment for ENT disorders. Services include surgery for sinus problems, hearing loss, and throat issues.

Pulmonology

Specialized care for respiratory system disorders. Treatment for conditions like asthma, COPD, and lung infections.

Joint Replacement Surgery

Advanced procedures for hip, knee, and shoulder replacements. Focus on restoring mobility and reducing pain.

Medical & Surgical Oncology

Comprehensive cancer care. Multidisciplinary approach for treatment planning and management.

Gastroenterology

Treatment for digestive system disorders. Services include endoscopy, colonoscopy, and treatment for IBS and GERD.

Nephrology

Expert care for kidney-related conditions. Treatments for chronic kidney disease, dialysis, and kidney transplants.

Rheumatology

Specialized care for autoimmune and rheumatic diseases. Treatment for arthritis, lupus, and other inflammatory conditions.

Geriatrics & Elder Care

Comprehensive care for elderly patients. Focus on managing chronic conditions and promoting healthy aging.

Cardiology

Advanced care for heart diseases. Services include diagnostic testing, interventional procedures, and cardiac rehabilitation.

Dermatology

Treatment for skin conditions. Services include acne treatment, skin cancer screening, and cosmetic dermatology.

Why Choose Shantilal Hospital?

Experienced Medical Professionals

Our team consists of highly qualified doctors, surgeons, and specialists committed to providing the best care.

State-of-the-Art Facilities

Equipped with the latest medical technology and infrastructure to offer advanced treatment options.

Patient-Centric Care

Focus on patient well-being and comfort. Comprehensive care plans tailored to individual needs.

24/7 Emergency Services

Round-the-clock emergency care for all critical situations. Holistic Approach

Multidisciplinary teams work together to ensure comprehensive care for all patients.

Contact Us For more information or to schedule an appointment, please contact us:

Address: Shantilal Hospital, Shivam Rd, Sukh Vihar, Sri Sai Baba Nagar Colony, Amberpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500013 Phone: 7361089108 Email: shsocial24@gmail.com Website: https://shantilalhospital.com/

At Shantilal Hospital, we are dedicated to providing exceptional healthcare services to meet all your medical needs. Trust us with your health and well-being – because you deserve the best.

[john6565]

Devadoss Hospitals is a multi-specialty private hospital located in Madurai

Introduction

Welcome to Devadoss Hospitals, a leading private hospital in Madurai. We are committed to providing high-quality healthcare services to our patients with compassion and expertise. With a team of skilled doctors and state-of-the-art facilities, we strive to deliver the best possible care and treatment to our patients. In this blog post, we will explore the various specialties and services offered at Devadoss Hospitals, highlighting why we are the preferred choice for medical care in Madurai.

1. About Devadoss Hospitals

Devadoss Hospitals is a multi-specialty private hospital located in Madurai, Tamil Nadu. We have been serving the community since our establishment and have gained a reputation for our excellence in healthcare. Our hospital is equipped with cutting-edge technology and infrastructure to provide comprehensive medical services across various specialties. Whether it’s general medicine, cardiology, orthopedics, oncology, or any other medical specialty, we have highly experienced doctors and surgeons to cater to the needs of our patients.

2. Specialties and Services

At Devadoss Hospitals, we offer a wide range of specialties and services to address the diverse healthcare needs of our patients. Some of our key specialties include:

Cardiology

Our team of experienced cardiologists, led by Dr. K.M. Nisamudeen, M.D., D.M., specializes in diagnosing and treating heart diseases. We offer advanced cardiac diagnostic tests such as echocardiograms, stress tests, and angiograms, along with interventional procedures like angioplasty and stenting.

Orthopedics

Dr. SathishDevadoss, Dr. S. Jayakumar, and Dr. D.C. Deepak are our expert orthopedic surgeons who provide comprehensive care for musculoskeletal conditions. From joint replacements to spine surgeries, our orthopedic department is well-equipped to handle all types of orthopedic disorders.

Oncology

Under the guidance of Dr. Rajasekaran and Dr. Sujitha, our medical and surgical oncologists respectively, we offer advanced cancer diagnosis and treatment options. Our oncology department is equipped with state-of-the-art radiation therapy machines and surgical facilities to provide comprehensive cancer care.

Gynecology and Obstetrics

Dr. Jalaja Ashok and Dr. Asma Batcha lead our gynecology and obstetrics department, providing personalized care for women’s health needs. From routine check-ups to high-risk pregnancies, we offer a wide range of services to ensure the well-being of our female patients.

Urology and Andrology

Dr. P.K. Prabhu specializes in urology and andrology, offering advanced treatments for urinary tract disorders, kidney stones, male infertility, and other related conditions. Our urology department is equipped with the latest technology for accurate diagnosis and minimally invasive surgeries.

Pulmonology

Dr. Suganya is our expert pulmonologist who specializes in diagnosing and treating respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung infections. We provide comprehensive respiratory care including pulmonary function tests and bronchoscopy.

Other Specialties

In addition to the above-mentioned specialties, we also have renowned doctors in neurology, plastic surgery, vascular surgery, pediatrics, nephrology, ENT, anesthesiology, and more. At Devadoss Hospitals, we aim to provide comprehensive medical care under one roof.

3. State-of-the-art Facilities

Devadoss Hospitals is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective treatment for our patients. Our hospital features advanced operation theaters, intensive care units (ICUs), imaging centers, pathology labs, and a well-stocked pharmacy. We prioritize patient safety and comfort by maintaining a clean and hygienic environment throughout the hospital.

4. Patient-Centric Approach

At Devadoss Hospitals, we prioritize patient satisfaction by adopting a patient-centric approach in our healthcare delivery. Our team of doctors, nurses, and support staff are trained to provide personalized care and attention to each patient. We understand the importance of effective communication and actively involve patients in their treatment plans.

5. Commitment to Quality Care

Quality care is the cornerstone of Devadoss Hospitals. We follow stringent protocols and guidelines to ensure that our patients receive the highest standards of care at all times. Our doctors stay updated with the latest advancements in their respective fields through continuous medical education programs.

6. Community Engagement

Devadoss Hospitals strongly believes in giving back to the community. We actively participate in various health camps, awareness programs, and social initiatives to improve the overall health and well-being of the people in Madurai and its surrounding areas.

7. Insurance Tie-ups and Affordable Packages

We understand that healthcare can be a financial burden for many individuals and families. To make quality healthcare accessible to all, we have tie-ups with major insurance providers. Additionally, we offer affordable health check-up packages and treatment plans without compromising on quality.

8. Patient Testimonials

Don’t just take our word for it! Read what our patients have to say about their experiences at Devadoss Hospitals:

“I had an excellent experience at Devadoss Hospitals. The doctors were highly skilled, and the staff was caring and attentive throughout my treatment.” - John D.

“The level of care I received at Devadoss Hospitals was exceptional. The doctors took the time to explain my condition and treatment options in detail.” - Sarah S.

“I would highly recommend Devadoss Hospitals to anyone in need of quality healthcare services. They have a great team of doctors who go above and beyond for their patients.” - Michael R.

Conclusion

Devadoss Hospitals is your trusted private hospital in Madurai offering comprehensive medical services across various specialties. With experienced doctors, state-of-the-art facilities, patient-centric care, and a commitment to quality, we strive to deliver the best possible healthcare experience to our patients. Visit our website here to learn more about our services or book an appointment with our expert doctors today!

[masshhospital]

Minimal Access & Laparoscopic Surgery Hospital in Delhi- MASSH

Are you looking for the best urology hospital in Delhi? Call MASSH. MASSH is a minimal access & laparoscopic surgery hospital in Delhi. Provide a healthcare facility that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions related to the urinary tract and male reproductive system.

MASSH have specialized facilities and equipment to provide comprehensive care for patients with urological conditions, including urologic surgeries, diagnostics, and medical management.

MASSH offers a wide range of services, including but not limited to the following:

Urology and Andrology

Laparoscopic Gynaecology

Laparoscopic General Surgery

Lifestyle Disorders

Cosmetic & Aesthetic

Functional Medicine

ENT

Orthopedic

Dermatology

Oncology

We have urologists, specialized nurses, radiologists, pathologists, and other healthcare professionals who collaborate to provide specialized care to patients with urologic conditions. It’s important to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment of any urologic condition.

Contact Us

INFO@MASSH.HOSPITAL

[rordental]

All You Need To Know About The Types Of Dentist And Their Work

Who is a dentist? A dentist is also known as a dental surgeon who does dentistry. Dentistry is the management, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases of the cranial facial complex and oral cavity. The helpers of the dental team include hygienist assistants, technicians, and a therapist. Jobs Roles A licensed Lakewood dentist can perform most of the dental treatments. These treatments include orthodontics or braces, endodontic or root canal dental restorations, crowns, comma bridges, periodontal therapy, and oral surgery. They can also perform X-rays and diagnosis as well as dental implant placement. Another role of their job is prescribing medications for pain, local anesthetics, sedatives, or antibiotics. Whenever you go for a dental checkup, make sure that the dentist in Lakewood has either DDS or BMD degree and can perform complex presiders such as bone grafting, sinus lift comma in plants, and oral and maxilla facial surgery. Regulations Dentists in Lake wood must register with their local or national health board professional indemnity insurance and regulators to practice dentistry. Registering the dentist is necessary to ensure that only qualified practitioners can handle and diagnose patients with dental and oral problems. Types Several types of dentistry practitioners specialize their knowledge in a specific field. The most common specialties are mentioned below: • General dentists: these are the most common type of dentists. You can visit them for regular checkups and teeth cleaning, and they can conduct procedures of cavity removal, dental crowns, and root canal. They even evaluate the condition of your teeth and oral cavity, and I recommend another dentist if he cannot perform or require procedures. • Pedodontists or Pediatric Dentists: the name suggests they specialize in treating children and youth, and they treat and diagnose infants up to teenagers. A pediatric dentist also monitors a child's teeth and oral development, and males refer to another dentist if required. • Orthodontist: the need for an Orthodontist arises when you have misaligned teeth, overbite, crossbite, or underbite, and you want to get them in place. • Periodontist or Gum specialist: Periodontists specialize their knowledge in gums. They treat and diagnose all problems related to your gum. They may even perform treatment, including minor surgery to remove tissue damaged by progressive gum disease. • Endodontist: Endodontists are root canal specialists. They deal with problems related to and affecting the nerve of a tooth. They even take care of your pain that may have arisen due to a nerve problem. They can even perform root canals if required as and when there is decay around the tooth nerve. • Oral pathologist and surgeons: oral diseases of the teeth and John are taken care of by oral pathologists and surgeons. They can treat conditions like oral reconstruction, miss-aligned jaws, impacted wisdom teeth, and mouth, head, and neck cancers. Sometimes they are even required to perform oral surgery and may have to work with an ENT specialist (ear, nose, throat) as the surgery may be closed to the ear, nose throat. There can be several reasons and conditions when you might have to visit a Lakewood dentist to diagnose and treat your oral health problems. Only a professional and qualified dentist can diagnose and treat you properly.

[michatmdx]

Photo Essay - Exploitation

In this essay I will be using photography to talk about a range of different types of exploitation. Although this is seen as quite a sensitive topic, I feel that it is important to educate ourselves and create a wider understanding. Photography is a great way to record history, but we must ask ourselves, where do we draw the line between documentation and exploitation?

Figure 1

Figure 1 shows one of the many photographs that was taken of Brooke shields at just 10 years of age. With complete consent from her mother, she was painted with a thick layer of makeup and placed in a bath to pose naked for the late photographer, Gary gross. Which was later printed on playboy magazines in 1975. Red lipstick and dark Smokey eye makeup is usually known to have sexual connotations and create a sense of mystery, While White flowers often represent innocence and purity - so seeing that it is placed by her face there seems to be quite a drastic contrast in symbolism.

Looking into Garry Gross’s photography, it seems like there was a trend in the themes he would focus on. Many of the photographs were of nude adolescences and so I think that tells us a lot about society at the time and how normalised things were. When you have authority people tend to let things slide.

Interviews online show that even though Brooke was exposed to sexualisation throughout her childhood, she claims she doesn’t regret anything she did or was made to do. This makes me think about the male gaze and how incredibly damaging it can be on adolescence, especially when they’re put in the limelight from a young age. When I think about Hollywood now, I’m reminded of the ‘Born Sexy Yesterday’ trope in movies where they have an adult woman with almost a childlike demeanour. I feel that even though this behaviour has publicly reduced over time, I believe that media still has a way to indirectly sexualise and exploit children.

Figure 2

The photograph (Figure 2) was taken in 1993 by a South African photojournalist, Kevin Carter, who was known for recording disturbing, yet real events. He was one of the first people to photograph a public execution called ‘Necklacing’, which was when a tire was put around the neck of the victim and set on fire. After the Photo was published in the New York Times, he received a huge amount of backlash and criticism. As much as Carter wanted to help, it was said that Photojournalists at the time were not permitted to interfere, due to potential diseases. After winning a Pulitzer Prize in 1994, Carter unfortunately committed suicide as a result of recording years of traumatic events.

Figure 2 shows an image of a small Sudanese child resting as a vulture lurks in the background. When vultures are seen close by it usually is a sign that death is near, as the child was weak and vulnerable the target was set. However, could it be possible that the vulture was really foreshadowing Carters impending doom. It’s almost as if the photo is in the perspective of another vulture, sitting, watching, stalking.

Was Carter just another photographer that contributed to the exploitation of the vulnerable, all for his own gain? Although I do agree that the images we see of tragic events are quite shocking, it is the initial shock that creates awareness among our society. Just because it is something we do not physically witness ourselves; it does not mean that we should disregard it. Society is so quick to give judgment, even if we don’t know the bigger picture. Could this be due to people feeling gilt? We as a collective are just as responsible as the photographer that captures it.

Figure 3

Figure 3 shows a photo of a Victorian English man called Joseph Carey Merrick, famously known as “The Elephant Man”.  After his death (1890) his condition was officially identified in 1970 as a severe case of Proteus syndrome, which is known as abnormal growth of bones and tissues. From the mid 1800’s, people that had physical and mental differences were often exhibited for the entertainment of the public. Although rare oddity shows are still very much demonised, many people did have a happy life while they participated. Even though the people that managed them were sometimes insensitive, it was often the only place they were accepted and could gain an income from.

After Merrick was presented as “The Elephant Man”, at a show for rare oddities, he was then taken to a hospital where he was picked and prodded by doctors. We may have benefited from him being examined, but was it ethical for him to be treated the way he was? Even after death many people tried to buy his remains so that they could have them displayed for personal enjoyment. I can understand that people are curious of things that seem different, but we must understand that there are ways of doing things and asking questions whilst still being respectful. Either way, I believe that profiting off people’s disabilities/ differences is a big way of exploitation.

Figure 4

Figure 4, photographed by John Gill, shows an image of a homeless man embracing his dog. It being in grey scale helps us focus on the main subject without getting too distracted by the background. I thought this was an interesting photograph to look at as you can see how people react differently to the homeless. While the man on the right seems as though he’s about to give him a package of food, the child that walks across seems completely oblivious. Although this may make us question the morals of youth today, I believe it should really make us think about how normalised it is to see homelessness.

The term “Street photography” means to take photographs that record daily life in a public space. Photography isn’t just a professional practice now, as most people have a phone, they are free to take photos of anything. Whilst it may benefit to “see the real world”, it doesn’t take into consideration that most don’t have the opportunity to give consent. They are vulnerable and often don’t have a safe space to get away from the public eye. On the other hand, taking photos will not change the fact that homelessness is happening as it is a social issue.

If the aim of photography is to just capture sadness for “a good picture”, then I believe that it can be exploitative. Whereas if you are using photography to tell a story or document a life, I think then it can be helpful. The homeless are still people and should be treated with the same respect, regardless of how they got to that point.

Figure 5

JoAnne McArthur is an award-winning photojournalist known for writing many books about her fight for animal activism. Her focus is to get justice for animals that may be seen as invisible or restricted and create awareness of the exploitation of animals. In an interview posted on YouTube, McArthur states, “We eat them, we wear them, we use medicine that is tested on them, and yet they remain invisible” (Animal Equality, 2017)

Figure 5 shows a group of people taking photos of a visibly irritated panther, in what looks like a small zoo enclosure painted with trees and vines. Although zoos may have many benefits; for example, to help prevent extinction of species, it can compromise the natural ways of the wild. Human interaction and artificial environments can restrict those in captivity, ultimately keeping them trapped. Another horrific way that animals are being exploited is through testing dangerous chemicals on them for things like medications and cosmetics. Although animal testing has given us the opportunity to create cures to deadly viruses, they are often subjected to inhumane tests and procedures that eventually lead to death. As we are different genetically, many experiments will give a false prediction of how our bodies would react making them unreliable. Just because we have more power over animals, does that mean we should take advantage?

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In conclusion, although it can be subjective, I believe that it is all about the intention you have when taking photographs. Recording history is important for future generations but if you are gaining at the disadvantage of others, it is exploitation. Once something has started and is known, we will inevitably keep that cycle going, regardless of the pain it may cause. Sontag (2005, p. 17-18), states that:

“Although the camera is an observation station, the act of photographing is more than passive observing. Like sexual voyeurism, it is a way of at least tacitly, often explicitly, encouraging whatever is going on to keep on happening”. 

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Bibliography

Image list:

Gross, G. (1975) The Woman in the child. Available at:

https://www.mutualart.com/Artwork/Three-Works--Brooke-Shields--The-Woman-i/4B7FB2952CEFFF41?msg=welcome&p=1 (Accessed: 24/02/2022)

Carter, K. (1993) The Vulture And The Little Girl. Available at:

https://allthatsinteresting.com/kevin-carter (Accessed: 24/02/2022)

Unknown. (1889) Unknown. Available at:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Merrick (Accessed: 24/02/2022)

Gill, J. (2018) Unknown. Available at:

https://www.johngill.photography/photographing-the-homeless/ (Accessed: 24/02/2022)

Mcarthur, J. (Unknown) CAPTIVE. Available at:

https://joannemcarthur.com/  (Accessed: 24/02/2022)

References:

The Guardian (2009) Sugar and Spice and all things not so nice. Available at:

 https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2009/oct/03/brooke-shields-nude-child-photograph (Accessed: 12/03/2022)

Ati (2022) How Photojournalism Killed Kevin Carter. Available at:

https://allthatsinteresting.com/kevin-carter (Accessed: 10/03/22)

Britannica ACADEMIC (Unknown) Joseph Merrick. Available at: https://academic-eb-com.ezproxy.mdx.ac.uk/levels/collegiate/article/Joseph-Merrick/32358

(Accessed: 18/03/22)

John Gill Photography (Unknown) Photographing the homeless. Available at: https://www.johngill.photography/photographing-the-homeless/ (Accessed: 18/03/22)

The Washington Post. (2017) These haunting animal photos aim to make you reconsider a visit to the zoo. Available at:

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2017/07/18/these-haunting-animal-photos-aim-to-make-you-reconsider-a-visit-to-the-zoo/ (Accessed: 21/03/22)

Animal Equality. (2017) An interview with Joanne McArthur. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FKgbC5iiaj4 (Accessed: 21/03/22)

Sontag, S. (2005) On photography. New York: RossettaBooks LLC. pp.17-18.

[thenexusofsouls]

Muse: Jix

{ Artwork by the very talented @snarksarcasmart​ } [ Bio and other information below the cut! ]

Type of Character & Fandom/Source Material: Fandomless OC from an unpublished series of books I wrote back around 2005, the main one of which was entitled The Mask of Truth. Jix appeared in that book and in a companion short story, The Ulaeri Chronicles: The Hunter and the Princess. I used to write Jix over at @xleafyheartx​​, if you want to peruse his blog, which is left on hiatus for now.

FC: Pickett from Fantastic Beasts and Where To Find Them

VC: Gudetama, just not in Japanese, haha. But the way his voice sounds is 100% Jix. Here’s a video if you’d like to hear what he sounds like!

Race: An oaken variety of Leafling, which is a species of tree fae. (Think of the Ents from Tolkien’s worlds but... on a microscale, heh.) 

Gender: Male

Height: 12-13″ depending on the time of year and how big his leaves are

Age: He’s had birthdays over the years on this site, so it’s varied, but I generally say 25

Sexual/Romantic Orientation: Heterosexual/romantic... inasmuch as he can fall in love and pollinate a female, lol. Leaflings tend to mate for life.

Occupation: Positivity-spreader and cuteness brigade member. Otherwise unemployed. XD

Languages: Gaelic (native), High Elven, English

Family: Parents and sixteen brothers and sisters he hasn’t seen since he was an adolescent; he had a favorite sister Ki-mi he traveled with for about a year after leaving the “nest,” so to speak

Potentially Triggering Material in Threads: I... I can’t... even think of anything triggering with Jix. He’s so wholesome.

Likes: Berries, berry juice, sweet treats, cake, cupcakes, shiny things, things that jingle, sunlight, angels, flowers, bees, butterflies, smiles, hugs (as long as you don’t crush him)

Dislikes: Wildfires, ice storms, animals that want to eat him, humans that try to step on him or kick him, humans that cut down trees, mean people, demons, ghosts, necromancers, scary things, root rot and other plant diseases, being hungry and thirsty, being unable to help a friend in need

Exceptional Talents: Singing; weaving/braiding; making and tossing mud balls

Things He’s Not Good At: Climbing; swimming; lying

Negative (Or At Least Potentially Annoying) Personality Traits: Persistence; stubbornness; talkativeness; inquisitiveness

Positive Personality Traits: Optimism; kindness; empathy; tolerance; 

Background & General Info:

Jix is a magical beast, having physical qualities of both mammals and plants that make up his body, as well as supernatural features. He has intelligence and self-awareness on par with humans or elves. He has brown bark on the main “twig” of his body, and his body is a bit thicker than his arms and roots, like a tree trunk. He has branches on his head like a tree, with oak-shaped leaves growing on them. Like any plant, Jix needs water and nutrients to survive, but like an animal, he can eat food rather than having to rely on sunlight or planting himself in soil for energy and nutrients. 

Jix was one of seventeen siblings in his particular batch of seedlings. He grew up in a large and happy family before setting out on his own to go exploring, as the majority of young leaflings do. Most leaflings stay in their home forest, but Jix had bigger goals. He wanted to see the world! He’s ended up in some pretty amazing places over the years, either hitching rides in vehicles or on animals, or making friends with humans and other beings who then take him with them.

Despite being very thin, Jix has a pretty big stomach for someone his size! Eating is a favored pastime of his. He loves sweet foods, and baked goods are some of his favorite things. But his absolute favorite are fruits... and his favorites of those are berries! He... has a berry addiction. He LOVES berries. Strawberries are his #1 favorites, but he also loves cherries, raspberries, blackberries, blueberries... all the berries. Desserts made out of lots of berries, like pies or tarts, blow his mind. 

Jix has a very interesting way of speaking when using English. It isn’t his first language, and he’s learned it mostly by listening to humans, so there’s been some issues along the way. He focuses more on getting his point across than on spelling and grammar, and it shows. This is by no means comprehensive, but I did make a tiny lexicon at some point of some of the words Jix says, if you’d like to read it and get an idea of how he talks. He tends to either butcher the actual names of things, or he gives them what he feels are simpler or more intuitive names... that often make no sense to humans. 

Potential Starter Ideas:

Jix... gets into a lot of trouble, heh. He can stowaway in a box or car or wherever and your muse can notice him later. Or he can wander into somewhere he shouldn’t be, like a store or home.

Sometimes Jix will just accost people to ask for help if he’s tired, hungry, thirsty, lost, or injured.

Sometimes he’ll sneak into people’s houses or apartments if it’s raining (particularly thunderstorming) and he wants shelter, or if your muse happens to be baking and he smells something tasty.

If your muse likes to hike or otherwise be out in nature, he can be found in forests or any forest-like areas, such as parks or even the grassy borders and medians around highways.

He has been known to end up captured and put up for sale at an auction or in a pet store. He hates that, especially if he’s mistreated, so save him!

Fun facts:

Most leaflings are expert climbers, but Jix sucks at it! Other leaflings have made fun of him for it, and it’s a source of insecurity for him. Sometimes he tries to practice to improve, but that usually ends in him falling and landing smack on his ass. XD

Jix is very aware of how cute he is and he takes pride in it. He also enjoys being so cute because it helps him cheer up those around him!

The best way to Jix’s heart if you’re trying to make friend with him is... give him a berry! He appreciates being given food as a gift so much that after that it’ll be difficult for him to not be your friend.

Jix can make up songs on the fly for any reason. I’m not promising they’ll be overly good, but they’ll be sung with positive enthusiasm and will likely still be adorable.

[noutizil123]

Mauritius Businesses in East

Ayurvedic Wellness Shop

Ayurvedic cosmetics and products, ayurvedic massage, therapies and facial

Ayurvedic cosmetics and products, ayurvedic massage, therapies and facial

Ayurvedic Wellness Shop - Nou Ti Zil

www.noutizil.mu

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ClubLife FlacqClubLife, your new Sports Centre in the East

ClubLife is a Sports Centre in Flacq and offers your with Foot-5 and Archery. It also includes its Gym (ClubLife), at Flacq, Coeur de Ville.

We are here to offer you an amazing foot-5 experience, within a reasonable budget accessible for people in the East. We hope you will be enjoying it!

We are also innovating with Archery, which is an amazing skilful sports, enhancing not only the health and precision, but also self-esteem and team spirit.

4 Floodlit 5-a Side Courts – Quality Changing Facilities – Comfortable Lounge For Post-Match Refreshments

ClubLife, your new Sports Centre in the East ClubLife is a Sports Centre in Flacq and offers your with Foot-5 and…

ClubLife Flacq - Nou Ti Zil

www.noutizil.mu

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Dr. Bruno Cheong Hospital

Introduction

Flacq Hospital is situated in the East of Mauritius at Centre de Flacq in the district of Flacq. It provides services for the Health Region 3 for a population of 170,000 inhabitants covering essentially the district of Flacq under the directorate of a Regional Health Director (RHD).

The Regional Health Director is also responsible for the Primary Health Care of the region which is provided through:

24 Community Health Centres 4 Area Health Centres 1 mediclinic

which are spread throughput the Health Region 3.

Historical Background

After the First World War, a high increase of tuberculosis and pulmonary diseases was witnessed and the Central Police Station in the East was converted into a District hospital in 1922.Flacq Hospital had then 78 beds divided into 2 male wards, 1 female ward, 1 Paediatric ward, 1 Gynaecological ward and a department of Accident and Emergency managed by Dr Limberty and two other colleagues.

In July 1983, the then Prime Minister laid the foundation stone for an X-ray department.

In August 1983, a minor surgery service was opened.

In February 1997, it was upgraded into a Regional Hospital and a Medical Ward and a Paediatric Warda medical ward and a Paediatric ward were inaugurated in the new hospital complex.

The following units were then added: Gynecology & Obstetrics, General Surgery, Orthopedic Surgery and Anaesthesiology Unit.

In 2000, SAMU services were started. (Emergency Medical Services)

In Feb 2000, an Intensive Care Unit was inaugurated.

In July 2010, 24-Hour Cardiology services were started.

Services provided:

Ancillary Departments

Medical Laboratory Services

Blood Bank

X-Ray

Physiotherapy

Occupational Therapy

Centralised Health Records Department

Central Sterile Supplies Department

Laundry Unit

Catering Unit

Procurement & Supply Unit

Energy Services Unit

Administrative Services:

TitleNameEmail addressRegional Health DirectorDr (Mrs) S. Ramsewakdrsramsewak@govmu.orgMedical SuperintendentDr J. SaubaRegional Health Services AdministratorMr. R. Seetul rseetul@govmu.orgAg. Senior Health Records OfficerMrs S.K Rambhujunsrambhujun@govmu.org

The SAMU Project, a specialised emergency service. Phone 114

General Medicine

General Surgical

Orthopaedic

Paediatrics

Neonatal Nursery

Gynecology and Obstetrics

Psychiatry

Endocrinilogy

SAMU services — (Emergency Medical Unit)

Physical Medicine OPD

Chest diseases Outpatient Clinic

NCD Secretariat

NCD Services (Non Communicable Diseases)

Skin diseases OutPatient Clinic

ENT Clinic OutPatient Clinic

Ophthalmology OutPatient Clinic

Accident and Emergency Dept.

Dental facilities

Haemodyalisis Unit

Ayurvedic Outpatient Clinic

Speech Therapy Unit

Nutrition Unit

Medical Social Worker

Introduction Flacq Hospital is situated in the East of Mauritius at Centre de Flacq in the district of Flacq.It…

Dr. Bruno Cheong Hospital - Nou Ti Zil

www.noutizil.mu

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Farmbasket

Farm Basket is your solution for a weekly supply of healthy vegetables with the least amount of pesticide. We provide freshly harvested fruits and vegetables from sustainable farm. We deliver to your door.

Farm Basket is your solution for a weekly supply of healthy vegetables with the least amount of pesticide. We provide…

Farmbasket - Nou Ti Zil

www.noutizil.mu

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Krams Tech Software ServicesABOUT US

We have a simple mission: To develop software solutions that we can be proud of.

We’re a small versatile team consisting of developers, designers, architects and project managers all of whom make up Krams Tech. Working closely with clients over the years, we aspire to develop robust solutions that will resist the ever-changing nature of the software industry. Using cutting edge technologies and applying our dynamic approach, we ensure that every solution is bespoke and tailor-made. This enables us to build fully working software in a matter of weeks — not months.

By following an Agile approach to every project we undertake, we build software the way it’s meant to be built: incrementally and responsive to changing requirements. We deliver value to the client from very early on in the project’s lifecycle.

Our Process

We like to work hand in hand with our clients to ensure the project is a success. We’ll be there for you every step of the way providing guidance, support and reassurance.

OUR SERVICES

We can help you build great products at competitive rates. While we do not see ourselves solely as code monkeys, below are some of the services that we offer.

Development

We aspire to build and deliver best-in-class software for each of our clients irrespective of the complexities and challenges at hand.

Design

Let our team of designers wow you with sleek, modern designs to give your product a head start.

Support

Faulty software is money down the drain. We can fix and maintain your existing solutions as well as offer competitive maintenance packages on ideas we develop together.

E-commerce Solutions

Get to market quickly and easily with our various e-commerce platforms. Gain an unfair advantage over your competitors.

Project Rescue

Whether you have an existing project which has stalled or you need additional resources to see it through, we are here to help.

Consultancy

Need an extra pair of hands? We have a pool of great talent at our disposal.

ABOUT US We have a simple mission: To develop software solutions that we can be proud of. We're a small versatile team…

Krams Tech Software Services - Nou Ti Zil

www.noutizil.mu

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[mcatmemoranda]

Patient is a [ ] yo male/female presenting to the clinic for a preoperative evaluation.

Procedure [ ]

Scheduled date of procedure [ ]

Surgeon performing procedure requesting consultation for preop is [ ] and can be contacted at [ ]

This patient is/is not medically optimized for the planned surgery, see below for details.

EKG collected in office, interpreted personally and under the direct supervision of attending physician as follows- sinus rate and rhythm, no evidence of ischemia or ST abnormalities, no blocks, normal QTc interval.

The following labs are to be completed prior to surgery, and will be evaluated upon completion. Procedure is to be performed as scheduled barring any extraordinary laboratory derangements of concern.

Current medication list has been thoroughly reviewed and should not interfere with surgery as written.

Patient has no prior history of adverse reactions to anesthesia, problems with airway management, difficult IV access, prolonged emergence, or postoperative nausea/vomiting.

Airway Mallampati score: This patient is a Grade based on the criteria listed below

-Grade I Tonsillar pillars, soft palate, entire uvula

-Grade II Tonsillar pillars, soft palate, part of uvula

-Grade III Soft palate, base of uvula

-Grade IV Hard palate only, no uvula visualized

Patient is a low/medium/high risk for this low/medium/high risk surgical procedure.

Will send documentation of this preoperative visit to surgeon [ ].

**** ADDITIONAL INFORMATION****

Patient Risk for Elective Surgical Procedure as Determine with the Criteria Below:

1- Very Low Risk

No known medical problems

2- Low Risk

Hypertension

Hyperlipidemia

Asthma

Other chronic, stable medical condition without significant functional impairment

3- Intermediate Risk

Age 70 or older

Non-insulin dependent diabetes

History of treated, stable CAD

Morbid obesity (BMI > 30)

Anemia (hemoglobin < 10)

Mild renal insufficiency

4- High Risk

Chronic CHF

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Renal insufficiency: creatinine > 2

Moderate COPD: FEV1 50% to 70%

Obstructive sleep apnea

History of stroke or TIA

Known diagnosis of dementia

Chronic pain syndrome

5- Very High Risk

Unstable or severe cardiac disease

Severe COPD: FEV1 < 50% predicted

Use of home oxygen

Pulmonary hypertension

Severe liver disease

Severe frailty; physical incapacitation

Surgical Risk Score Determined as Below:

1- Very Low Risk

Procedures that usually require only minimal or moderate sedation and have few physiologic effects

Eye surgery

GI endoscopy (without stents)

Dental procedures

2- Low Risk

Procedures associated with minimal physiologic effect

Hernia repair

ENT procedures without planned flap or neck dissection

Diagnostic cardiac catheterization

Interventional radiology

GI endoscopy with stent placement

Cystoscopy

3- Intermediate Risk

Procedures associated with moderate changes in hemodynamics, risk of blood loss

Intracranial and spine surgery

Gynecologic and urologic surgery

Intra-abdominal surgery without bowel resection

Intra-thoracic surgery without lung resection

Cardiac catheterization procedures including electrophysiology studies, ablations, AICD, pacemaker

4- High Risk

Procedures with possible significant effect on hemodynamics, blood loss

Colorectal surgery with bowel resection

Kidney transplant

Major joint replacement (shoulder, knee, and hip)

Open radical prostatectomy, cystectomy

Major oncologic general surgery or gynecologic surgery

Major oncologic head and neck surgery

5- Very High Risk

Procedures with major impact on hemodynamics, fluid shifts, possible major blood loss:

Aortic surgery

Cardiac surgery

Intra-thoracic procedures with lung resection

Major transplant surgery (heart, lung, liver)

High risk surgery y/n

h/o ischemic heart disease y/n

H/o CHF y/n

H/o CVA/TIA y/n

Pre-op tx with insulin y/n

DM/how are BS

Pre-op Cr >2mg y/n

OTHER EVALUATIONS BASED OFF PATIENT HISTORY SEE BELOW:

1. CARDIAC EVALUATION

A. Ischemic Cardiac Risk- Describe any history of cardiovascular disease and list the cardiologist/electrophysiologist. For CAD, report the results of the most recent stress test or cardiac cath, type of procedures or type of stents, date of MI, and recommendations for perioperative management. Include antiplatelet management. Continue baby aspirin for patients with cardiac stents - unless having neurosurgery, then coordinate with surgeon.

B. Ventricular function- include most recent ECHO evaluation ideally performed within the past 2 years

C. Valvular heart disease- include most recent ECHO, type of prosthetic valve

D. Arrhythmias- include any implanted devices and recent interrogation report, contact EP about device management during the surgery and include recommendations provided. For A-fib include CHADS-VASC2 score

E. Beta blockade- All patients on chronic beta blockers should have these medications continue throughout the perioperative period unless there is a specifically documented contraindication.

F. Hypertension- Other than for cataract surgery, ACEI-inhibitors and ARBs should be held for 24hours prior to surgery and diuretics should be held the morning of surgery

G. Vascular disease- include antiplatelet management and dates of strokes

2. PULMONARY EVALUATION

A. COPD/Asthma- include any recent exacerbations, intubations, chronic O2 use, amount of rescue inhaler use

B. OSA risk- STOP BANG score - address severity of sleep apnea and CPAP use

3. HEMATOLOGIC EVALUATION

A. Bleeding Risk- assess the bleeding risk and history for every patient

B. VTE Prophylaxis/Thrombotic risk- estimate risk and provide recommendations

C. Anticoagulation management- include preop and post-op medication instructions

D. Anemia- preop treatment plan

D. Oncology- history and treatments

4. ENDOCRINE EVALUATION

A. Diabetes mellitus- include type, medication use, recent A1C, preop and postop management instructions

B. Adrenal insufficiency risk- assess for prolonged steroid use in the last year

5. RENAL EVALUATION

A. CKD- include stage, baseline labs

B. ESRD- include dialysis schedule, type, access, dry weight, location of dialysis. Generally, surgery should not be scheduled on a dialysis day.

C. Electrolyte abnormalities

6. GI EVALUATION

A. Liver disease- including MELD score and Child-Pugh classification

7. OTHER relevant comorbidities or anesthesia considerations

[substance abuse, chronic pain, delirium risk, PONV risk, psych disorders, neurologic disorders, infectious disease, etc.]

[swampgallows]

More tattoo discourse! (Because I forgot about it) The cover of war crimes! Opinions?

the first time i saw it i laughed out loud because holy fuck look at his lats hahahahahahahahahah look at his gnarled fuckin ent arms hahahahahahhaha

fuckin lumpy bitch disease on this chunky mans hahahahahhahahahaa

his tattoos on the war crimes cover appear to be the same as the ones in the cairne mak’gora picture, although they’re by two different artists. the war crimes cover, according to the book jacket, is illustrated by slawomir maniak, whereas  cairne’s defeat in the mak’gora is illustrated by glenn rane:

hey why is blizzard so afraid of male nipples. asking for a friend

[qualitysoulobject]

SRK Superspeciality Hospital: The Best Urology Hospital in Jaipur

When it comes to finding the Best Urology Hospital in Jaipur, SRK (Shri Rama Krishna) Superspeciality Hospital consistently ranks as a top choice. Renowned for its comprehensive medical services, SRK Superspeciality Hospital is a center of excellence that combines cutting-edge technology with expert care across various specialties, including urology, ophthalmology, ENT, and orthopedics.

Why SRK Superspeciality Hospital is the Best Urology Hospital in Jaipur

Expert Urologists The urology team at SRK Superspeciality Hospital consists of highly experienced and specialized urologists who are experts in their field. They handle everything from common urinary tract infections to complex surgeries like prostatectomy and kidney stone removal with a high success rate.

Advanced Diagnostic and Treatment Facilities SRK Superspeciality Hospital is equipped with state-of-the-art diagnostic tools and treatment technologies. From minimally invasive laparoscopic surgeries to advanced laser treatments for kidney stones, the hospital offers the latest in urological care. The use of such advanced technologies ensures faster recovery and less discomfort for patients.

Comprehensive Urological Services The hospital offers a full spectrum of urological services, including: Kidney Stone Management: Advanced treatment options, including laser lithotripsy, ensure effective removal of kidney stones with minimal pain. Prostate Care: The hospital provides expert care for prostate conditions, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Effective diagnosis and treatment options are available to manage and prevent recurring UTIs. Male Infertility: Specialized treatments and consultations are offered to address male infertility issues.

Multispecialty Excellence at SRK Superspeciality Hospital

In addition to its urology department, SRK Superspeciality Hospital is also known for excellence in other medical specialties, making it a comprehensive healthcare destination.

Eye Specialist in Jaipur The ophthalmology department at SRK Superspeciality Hospital provides advanced eye care services, including cataract surgery, glaucoma treatment, and management of retinal diseases. With a team of experienced eye specialists, the hospital is dedicated to preserving and enhancing vision for patients of all ages.

ENT Specialist in Jaipur The ENT department offers expert care for ear, nose, and throat conditions, from routine check-ups to complex surgeries. Whether dealing with sinus issues, hearing problems, or throat disorders, SRK’s ENT specialists provide personalized care tailored to each patient’s needs.

Orthopedic Care in Jaipur For those suffering from musculoskeletal issues, SRK Superspeciality Hospital offers comprehensive orthopedic care, including joint replacement surgeries, fracture management, and treatment for sports injuries. The orthopedic team at SRK is committed to helping patients regain mobility and improve their quality of life.

Patient-Centric Approach and Holistic Care

What truly sets SRK Superspeciality Hospital apart is its patient-centric approach. The hospital prioritizes patient comfort and care, ensuring that each individual receives personalized attention and treatment. The multidisciplinary team approach ensures that patients benefit from a holistic treatment plan, with specialists from various departments working together to provide the best possible outcomes.

Conclusion

When searching for the Best Urology Hospital in Jaipur, SRK (Shri Rama Krishna) Superspeciality Hospital stands out as the top choice. With its advanced facilities, expert team of urologists, and commitment to comprehensive care, SRK Superspeciality Hospital is a trusted name in the field of urology and beyond. Whether you need specialized urological care or expert treatment in ophthalmology, ENT, or orthopedics, SRK Superspeciality Hospital is dedicated to providing the highest standard of medical care in Jaipur.

[ijcmcrjournal]

Clinicopathological Evaluation of Benign Laryngeal Lesions by MTarhun Yosunkaya*

Abstract

Most benign vocal cord lesions occur as a result of ulceration and changes in healing processes caused by mechanical vocal trauma caused by abuse and misuse of the voice. Many factors such as social and occupational vocal use characteristics, medical conditions, psychological structures, smoking and reflux of individuals also disrupt the epithelial defense system on the vocal cord. These patients have symptoms ranging from dysphonia to life-threatening respiratory distress. In our study, the age, gender, clinical findings and pathological features of the lesions of patients who were admitted to the hospital with the complaint of dysphonia and diagnosed with polyps, nodules, Reinke edema, vocal cord cysts, granulomas and papilloma by videolaryngoscopic examination were investigated. It was found that the majority of the patients (86%) were between the ages of 30-59. According to the study, it was found that polyps (71%) were the most common lesions in males, nodules and Reinke edema were observed more frequently in females. These lesions were most common in the 40-49 age group in both sexes. While the most common symptom (89%) observed in the patients was hoarseness / change in voice, difficulty in breathing was the symptom detected at least (2%).

The resulting vocal disorder disrupts the health of individuals and has significant effects on their professional, social and emotional states. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of lesions is very important. Voice therapy should be applied before and after endolaryngeal surgery, which is a treatment option in treatment. Patients should also be informed about vocal hygiene, smoking and reflux.

Keywords : Benign Laryngeal Lesions; Dysphonia; Age; Gender; Pathologic Features

Introduction

Dysphonia is one of the common symptoms of ENT clinics. Approximately 30% of the adult population experiences a dysphonia during their lifetime. Although many vocal diseases occur in conditions due to acute and limited infections, benign larynx lesions are chronic. Most benign vocal cord lesions occur as a result of ulceration and changes in healing processes caused by mechanical vocal trauma caused by abuse and misuse of the voice. Many factors such as social and occupational vocal use characteristics, medical conditions, psychological structures, smoking and reflux of individuals also disrupt the epithelial defense system on the vocal cord. These patients have symptoms ranging from dysphonia to life-threatening respiratory distress [1]. The resulting vocal disorder disrupts the health of individuals and has significant effects on their professional, social and emotional states [2]. When these diseases are not diagnosed and treated early, the lesions enlarge and respiratory distress occurs and treatment becomes difficult. While most of benign laryngeal lesions can be treated with medical treatment or voice therapy, some diseases require endolaryngeal microsurgery [3]. In our study, the age, gender, clinical findings and pathological features of the lesions of patients who were admitted to the hospital with the complaint of dysphonia and diagnosed with polyps, nodules, Reinke edema, vocal cord cysts, granulomas and papilloma by videolaryngoscopic examination were investigated.

Material and Method

Our study included patients who presented to the Otorhinolaryngology Clinic between 2014 and 2017 with complaints of hoarseness, voice change, feeling-pain in the throat, difficulty in breathing, difficulty in speaking, fatigue in voice, cough, and diagnosed with benign laryngeal lesion by videolaryngoscopic examination. Age, gender and clinical symptoms of a total of 136 patients, 75 males and 61 females, between the ages of 21-68 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with inflammatory lesions, premalignant and malignant laryngeal lesions, speech disorders due to central nervous system, and patients with nasal, nasopharyngeal, oral and pharyngeal pathologies were excluded from the study. Patients with inflammatory lesions, premalignant and malignant laryngeal lesions, speech disorders due to central nervous system, and patients with nasal, nasopharyngeal, oral and pharyngeal pathologies were excluded from the study. Age, gender, clinical symptoms and pathological features of the lesions were evaluated.

Results

In our study, a polyp was the most detected lesion in 69 patients (51%) in 136 patients who were followed and treated with a diagnosis of benign laryngeal lesion as a result of videolaryngoscopic examination. Nodule 34 (25%), Reinke edema 17 (12.5%), vocal cord cyst 9 (7%), granuloma 4 (3%), and papilloma 3 (2%) were observed (Table 1). Of the 136 patients, 75 (55%) were male and 61 (45%) were female (Table 2). The youngest age was 21, while the oldest age was 68. It was found that the lesions were most common (41%) between the ages of 40-49. In the 20-29 age range, it was observed to be the least (2.5%). It was found that the majority of the patients (86%) were between the ages of 30-59. According to the study, it was found that polyps (71%) were the most common lesions in males, nodules and Reinke edema were observed more frequently in females (Table 3,4). these lesions were most common in the 40-49 age group in both sexes. While the most common symptom (89%) observed in the patients was hoarseness/change in voice, difficulty in breathing was the symptom detected at least (2%) (Table 5).

Discussion

The rate of referrals to ENT clinics due to dysphonia is 1% and 11% of them constitute benign vocal cord lesions [4]. The underlying etiology of benign laryngeal lesions is vocal trauma due to misuse of the voice. Secondarily, smoking, allergy, and acid reflux also play a major role in the formation of diseases by causing mucosal damage [5,6]. Voice disorders due to benign laryngeal lesions negatively affect both the social and work-life of individuals, thus causing functional, physical, psychological and economic impairments in the quality of life [7]. In our study, in which we evaluated the age, gender, clinical symptoms and pathological features of the lesions in patients with benign laryngeal lesions, it was found that the majority of the patients (86%) were between the ages of 30-59. The most common symptom (89%) seen in the patients was found to be hoarseness/change in voice. According to the study, a polyp was the most common lesion in males (71%), while the nodule was found mostly in females (76%). The nodule and polyp which are among the benign laryngeal lesions and detected most frequently are similar to each other [8]. According to Marcatullio et al., Changes in the lamina propria with mechanical trauma begin earlier in vocal cord nodules compared to polyps. Polyps occur with the later stages of wound healing [9]. Generally, bilateral and small nodules in women are common in professional voice users. Too much talking, shouting, nervous, aggressive women are nodule candidates [10,11]. Studies show that women are more vulnerable to vocal disorders. Female vocal cords anatomically have a weaker tissue mass to absorb vocal trauma. Hyaluronic acid, which is found in excess in shock-absorbing places in the body and plays a major role in wound repair, is less in the vocal cord lamina propria of females [12]. In the nodules, there is edema and fibromyxoid stroma caused by epithelial hyperplasia, edema and vascular cell infiltration in the early period due to vocal trauma. With the continuing use of false voice, fibrosis in the lamina propria and thickening in the basement membrane are observed in the late period. Unlike nodules, polyps are seen more unilaterally and larger in males. In polyp, changes occur after vascular bleeding in the submucosal area due to vocal trauma as a result of irritating factors such as smoking, infections, allergy, gastroesophageal reflux, throat clearing habit, as well as misuse and abuse of the voice [13]. In their research on the etiology of polyps, Wang et al. Reported that the amount of pepsin in the cell fluid of polyps increased and laryngopharyngeal reflux also played a potential role in the development of the disease [14]. Hoarseness-changes and voice fatigue are common symptoms in polyps and nodules. In the treatment of nodules and polyps, vocal hygiene ve voice therapy which includes the elimination of wrong vocal habits and teaching correct techniques is the first choice. Endolaryngeal microsurgery is applied in nodules and polyps that are not treated for a long time and do not respond to voice therapy. To prevent recurrence, vocal hygiene should be ensured after the operation and voice therapy should also be applied to eliminate the habit of misuse voice [15-17]. Reinke's edema and vocal cord cyst are also seen in people who misuse their voices, have a history of reflux, smoke, talk too much. In Reinke edema, mucinous and gelatinous material accumulation occurs in the place known as the Reinke space between the superficial lamina propria under the mucosa. In a vocal cord cyst, an accumulation of serous or mucous fluid is formed in the Reinke space surrounded by a thin wall. Vocal cord cysts are thought to occur as a result of obstruction of the mucous gland ducts as a result of inflammation caused by abuse of voice, gastroesophageal reflux and upper respiratory tract infections, or the covering of the newly healing mucosa over the damaged epithelium after vocal trauma. Flexibility in the vocal cords decreases and vibration is forced [18-21]. Granuloma occurs with the effect of secondary trauma due to abuse of voice, chronic cough, throat clearing habit, intubation and gastroesophageal reflux. In a study showing that reflux plays an active role in granuloma formation, reflux was found in 30-76% of granuloma cases. Ulceration with desquamation in the epithelium after vocal trauma and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lamina propria, ulceration and hyperplasia in the surface epithelium, and excessive granulation tissue beneath it are observed. The voices of the patients may not be affected due to the granuloma originating from the posterior and afonary part of the vocal cord. Large granulomas can cause breathing difficulties by closing the glottic distance [22,23]. Papilloma is a benign, cauliflower-looking lesion of the larynx caused by the HPV virus. In infectious lesions, papillary or acanthotic growth pattern covered with squamous epithelium is observed. Cells contain well-differentiated squamous epithelium. Maturation is regular, Koilocytic atypia and frequent mitotic activity are seen. While the adult type occupies a limited place in the larynx and does not recur if completely surgically removed, the juvenile form manifests itself as extensive, large lesions, causing respiratory distress, does not respond to treatment, and recurs very frequently [24,25].

Conclusion

Benign laryngeal lesions have clinical features ranging from dysphonia to life-threatening respiratory distress. The resulting vocal disorder can create emotional and mental tension in people's lives and also disrupts the very important social communication. In addition to its negative effects on the quality of life and health, especially for professional voice users, it also causes a loss of workforce and productivity. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of lesions is very important. Voice therapy should be applied before and after endolaryngeal surgery, which is a treatment option in treatment. Patients should also be informed about vocal hygiene, smoking and reflux.

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