#early gender dna test uk

[blueorpinkuk]

5 Common Myths and Misconceptions about Baby Gender Scans.

In the last blog, we focused on the importance of having baby gender scans at BlueorPink. Now in this blog, we will talk about the myths and misconceptions about baby gender scans. When you and your baby attend the hospital for an early gender blood test in the UK to make sure everything is well with your little wonder and, miraculously, to view your little one for the very first time, your three-month scan will be both scary and exciting. Given below are the 5 common myths and misconceptions from the UK Baby Gender Blood Test Clinic about baby gender scans:

1. The gender of your baby can be detected by the shape and size of the bump. Some claim that your uterus's shape might assist in determining the gender of the baby. They believe you are having a boy if you carry your baby high and fully in the front. It's a girl if the bulge is smaller and more widely spaced around the abdomen.

2. If you have morning sickness If your morning sickness is severe, you are pregnant with a girl. It is better to have an early gender detection test in the UK.

3. By taking a ring or needle Put your wedding ring or a sewing needle on a piece of string or sewing thread. You hang this over your bump, and if the needle spins in a circle, it's a girl, the theory goes. A boy is identified if the ring or needle moves backward and forward.

4. By hearing your baby’s heart rate According to the legend, a quicker heartbeat (about 170 beats per minute) denotes a girl, whereas a slower heartbeat (around 150 beats per minute) denotes a boy. Contact the Early Gender Blood Test Clinic of the UK.

5. With your appearance It is assumed that you are having a girl if you have acne or appear somewhat worn out and exhausted. It's a boy, though, if your skin is clear and you appear to be "blooming."

Testing pregnancy myths is enjoyable. After all, a few of them could even be true. Just don't fix your heart on what they say to anticipate. Medical testing, such as the Early Gender Detection Test UK, is the most reliable technique to determine your baby's sex. More details about these tests, their typical timing, and anything else you would want to know about your unborn child can be obtained from your doctor at BlueorPink.

Also Read: 6 Things Your Newbie Needs No Matter If It’s A Boy Or A Girl

[skepticalarrie]

hii can you maybe talk about what do you think happened in 2015? i mean do you think louis is freddie’s das? why ? why not?

Hi there! No, I definitely don’t think Louis is Freddie’s dad. Over the past five years we’ve watched too many inconsistencies: 

1. Suspicious timeline from day one: From the night they partied being completely covered by The Sun, to the announcement happening "too early" in her pregnancy (she was only 11 weeks), to the date of the conception, due date on the press and baby's gender. Link 1/ Link 2 / Link 3

2. Fake pregnancy: Bump changing sizes constantly, sometimes disappearing completely, using pregnant pictures from another woman, acting like she was never pregnant days after giving birth - flat belly, wearing leggings, heels, skirts, lifting heavy objects, drinking alcohol. The entire pregnancy was actually handled as a joke by the media pretty much using pictures of a pregnant Harry Styles. Link 1 / Link 2 / Link 3. EDIT: Ultrasound on a fertility clinic: Link 4

3. Louis behaviour, bandmates behaviour, family members behaviour: Louis throwing a baby doll offstage saying “is not real”(3x) and Harry using a balloon under his t-shirt as if he was pregnant, both in the same week and weeks before Briana’s pregnancy announcement. Bandmates never addressing the pregnancy, everyone looking extremely uncomfortable every time the subject was brought in an interview. Billie Jean by Michael Jackson brought up twice, *** ** brought up twice, tweets, song lyrics, rainbow bears, selfies, the list goes on and on here… Link 1 / Link 2

4. Freddie looks just like Austin and Brett Clark: Austin is Briana's half brother and Brett is Briana's stepfather. Brett is not blood-related to Briana, therefore her kid should not look like him. Freddie and Austin look like twins, nose, eyebrows, face shape… both of them look just like Brett. Link 1 / Link 2

5. Photoshop: "He looks just like Louis" Does he? Copy and paste huh? Freddie’s photos are being photoshopped to make him look like Louis, since he was a baby. His eyes, his chin, cheeks.. everything. They overlay Louis' pictures with Freddie's pictures to a point you can actually tell what Louis' picture they are using and where the original picture starts and ends. Link 1

6. No paternity test: A multimillionaire boybander knocked this non-famous girl pregnant, which he was not dating, and never asked for a paternity test. He just knows the kid is his. No one advised him to get it either, everyone just trusts her. Link 1 / Link 2

7. No custody: Louis doesn't have custody of his kid. They never went to court. Ever. No full custody, no joint custody, no overnights, he can't take Freddie to the UK, nothing. On the latest news, Celeb TM reported that Louis actually made a deal with Briana and he pays less than 60k a year on child support. She could go to court to ask for more than 60k - considering, especially, his net worth. And he could go to court to ask for at least joint custody. For any of that to happen, they would need a positive DNA test. Link 1

Not sure if I need to add Louis' sexuality and his relationship with Harry to that. So there's that, too, of course. For those reasons, I 100% believe Louis' having a child is something completely staged from day one. It's a PR stunt. Here's some more links and masterposts: Link 1 / Link 2 / Link 3 / Link 4 

[kavat]

The Golden Family “Our Freja is a miracle”

From newspaper Barometern February 1st 2021

Cornelia Dahlgren and Martyn Lester, London, had a daughter named Freja on December 1st. Weight 3410 g, length 50 cm. Cornelia grew up on Öland.

Musician, actor and artist.

The Öland "Idol" participant has finally got her dream role, she has become a mother.

- Our Freja is a miracle, says Cornelia Dahlgren.

LONDON / ÖLAND 

How is Freja?

- She is fine. The labor started a little too early, she was scheduled for December 11 but the labour started on November 30. At the hospital, it turned out that she was not positioned quite right. After a day and a half in hospital, we had to make a decision about a caesarean section. When she came out she was very quiet but now we know that she has fully developed lung capacity, haha!

Describe her, how is she as a person?

- Very stubborn and very happy. She is direct and straightforward. Though probably all babies are. But it's never hard to understand what she wants. She has started to smile now and we can see what she's in the mood for.

Freja is your first child, what is it like to become a parent?

- Wonderful. It has been such a long journey with miscarriages and anxiety and then a pandemic on top. Our Freja is a miracle.

That sounds tough, do you want to tell me?

- Yes, I have realized that it is important to talk about miscarriage. For our part, there were several factors that came into play. After several miscarriages and examinations, we received help with IVF. At the end of 2019, the treatment started with injections and medicines, it was a struggle. At the beginning of last year, the actual in vitro fertilization was performed. But it didn’t work out. We had a new time booked when covid struck. It was cancelled and we were not allowed to make any more attempts. It was hard and we were very, very sad.

Hm. But now you have Freja, how did that happen?

- We tried in a natural way and Freja came into being. She really is our miracle baby, in just about every way. But there was a lot of anxiety during the pregnancy. Martyn was only allowed to attend one ultrasound, on the other occasions he had to wait outside on the sidewalk due to covid. But we have received incredibly good support from doctors and midwives, the National Health Service, NHS, has been there for us and we are very grateful.

Did you know it was going to be a girl?

- Yes, but we decided to keep it private. Early in the pregnancy, we did a harmony test, a blood test where you look for the baby's DNA in the mother's blood to see if everything looked good. It did and we were told at the same time that it was a girl.

Was it easy to come up with the name?

- We actually had time to talk about boy names before we got to know the gender and the name that was at the top of the top list was Leif. My dad's name is Leif and we were into Nordic mythology and history and also thought of Leif Eriksson. We came to Freja when Martyn said that he liked the name Gaia, the goddess of the earth and fertility in Greek mythology. We have no biological or historical roots in that mythology, but the idea was nice and then I thought of Freja of Nordic mythology. Freja represents love and fertility for us and when she was born the name was so right.

Does she have any more names?

- Yes, she has a lot of names, haha! Her name is Freja Dorothy Gunnel Dahlgren Lester. Dorothy is after Martyn's grandmother who he has always described as a fantastic person, and Gunnel is after my grandmother. Neither Dorothy nor Gunnel are alive anymore, but it felt natural to choose their name. The funny thing is that Freja has the same hair color as my grandmother and me.

What about baptism?

- The idea is, depending on how everything develops with the pandemic, that we will be able to have baptism on Öland in July. I have been on Öland every summer since I was four years old and when I was ten we moved there, I see Öland as my home.

Is Freja a British citizen?

- We are applying for a British passport and later we will apply for a Swedish passport. We might try to see if she can have dual citizenship later on. The plan is also for her to become bilingual so that she can speak to all Swedish and English relatives and therefore I only speak Swedish with her.

If you search for Cornelia Dahlgren in Barometern-OT's archive, you get lots of hits, you have been in the band Popshop and ”Idol” in 2004, you have been on the stage of Dramaten and everything. How did you end up in London?

- I was at Red Bull Music Academy's bootcamp in Barcelona in 2008 and got to know some British musicians who invited me to London. I thought I would try to live there for a year and well, I met Martyn through the music, we started talking and got to know each other. Although it took me a while to get that he was interested in that way, haha!

How does it work with parental leave in the UK?

- Not so great. You have two months with full pay, then it drops significantly. And if you look further ahead, when it's time for childcare, well then it's tempting to move back to Sweden. But Martyn is self-employed and would have a hard time moving. In London, it is difficult to get a preschool place, the prices are so high, it is cheaper with daycare. Then you can have a nanny but it is not for people with regular incomes.

What do you do?

- I started as an event manager in my partner's company, IRL Digital Ltd, and am now a brand manager and work with marketing, entertainment and merchandise that is not just fast fashion.

What do you miss from Sweden?

- It’s been  over ten years since I lived in Sweden but I miss the cleanliness, nature and the right of public access. I also miss the good tap water. And my family of course, my sister and her family in Stockholm and my mother and her husband, and my father and his wife who all live on Öland.

What are you looking forward to?

- Oh, that's so much! I look forward to playing and singing with Freja, that she will share Martyn's interest in skateboarding. But, and this sounds so cheesy, that little piece that was missing in my life has finally fallen into place. Becoming a parent means not prioritizing yourself first. I look forward to meeting myself as Freja's mother. Of course I want to see Freja grow up and get to know her, but I have not allowed or dared to think of myself as a mother and I look forward to meeting myself.

Anna Mi Matzén

[endenogatai]

Ban biometric surveillance in public to safeguard rights, urge EU bodies

There have been further calls from EU institutions to outlaw biometric surveillance in public.

In a joint opinion published today, the European Data Protection Board (EDPB) and the European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS), Wojciech Wiewiórowski, have called for draft EU regulations on the use of artificial intelligence technologies to go further than the Commission’s proposal in April — urging that the planned legislation should be beefed up to include a “general ban on any use of AI for automated recognition of human features in publicly accessible spaces, such as recognition of faces, gait, fingerprints, DNA, voice, keystrokes and other biometric or behavioural signals, in any context”.

Such technologies are simply too harmful to EU citizens’ fundamental rights and freedoms — like privacy and equal treatment under the law — to permit their use, is the argument.

The EDPB is responsible for ensuring a harmonization application of the EU’s privacy rules, while the EDPS oversees EU institutions’ own compliance with data protection law and also provides legislative guidance to the Commission.

EU lawmakers’ draft proposal on regulating applications of AI contained restrictions on law enforcement’s use of biometric surveillance in public places — but with very wide-ranging exemptions which quickly attracted major criticism from digital rights and civil society groups, as well as a number of MEPs.

The EDPS himself also quickly urged a rethink. Now he’s gone further, with the EDPB joining in with the criticism.

MEPs call for European AI rules to ban biometric surveillance in public

The EDPB and the EDPS have jointly fleshed out a number of concerns with the EU’s AI proposal — while welcoming the overall “risk-based approach” taken by EU lawmakers — saying, for example, that legislators must be careful to ensure alignment with the bloc’s existing data protection framework to avoid rights risks.

“The EDPB and the EDPS strongly welcome the aim of addressing the use of AI systems within the European Union, including the use of AI systems by EU institutions, bodies or agencies. At the same time, the EDPB and EDPS are concerned by the exclusion of international law enforcement cooperation from the scope of the Proposal,” they write.

“The EDPB and EDPS also stress the need to explicitly clarify that existing EU data protection legislation (GDPR, the EUDPR and the LED) applies to any processing of personal data falling under the scope of the draft AI Regulation.”

As well as calling for the use of biometric surveillance to be banned in public, the pair have urged a total ban on AI systems using biometrics to categorize individuals into “clusters based on ethnicity, gender, political or sexual orientation, or other grounds on which discrimination is prohibited under Article 21 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights”.

That’s an interesting concern in light of Google’s push, in the adtech realm, to replace behavioral micromarketing of individuals with ads that address cohorts (or groups) of users, based on their interests — with such clusters of web users set to be defined by Google’s AI algorithms.

(It’s interesting to speculate, therefore, whether FLoCs risks creating a legal discrimination risk — based on how individual mobile users are grouped together for ad targeting purposes. Certainly, concerns have been raised over the potential for FLoCs to scale bias and predatory advertising. And it’s also interesting that Google avoided running early tests in Europe, likely owning to the EU’s data protection regime.)

Google isn’t testing FLoCs in Europe yet

In another recommendation today, the EDPB and the EDPS also express a view that the use of AI to infer emotions of a natural person is “highly undesirable and should be prohibited” —  except for what they describe as “very specified cases, such as some health purposes, where the patient emotion recognition is important”.

“The use of AI for any type of social scoring should be prohibited,” they go on — touching on one use-case that the Commission’s draft proposal does suggest should be entirely prohibited, with EU lawmakers evidently keen to avoid any China-style social credit system taking hold in the region.

However by failing to include a prohibition on biometric surveillance in public in the proposed regulation the Commission is arguably risking just such a system being developed on the sly — i.e. by not banning private actors from deploying technology that could be used to track and profile people’s behavior remotely and en masse.

Commenting in a statement, the EDPB’s chair Andrea Jelinek and the EDPS Wiewiórowski argue as much, writing [emphasis ours]:

“Deploying remote biometric identification in publicly accessible spaces means the end of anonymity in those places. Applications such as live facial recognition interfere with fundamental rights and freedoms to such an extent that they may call into question the essence of these rights and freedoms. This calls for an immediate application of the precautionary approach. A general ban on the use of facial recognition in publicly accessible areas is the necessary starting point if we want to preserve our freedoms and create a human-centric legal framework for AI. The proposed regulation should also prohibit any type of use of AI for social scoring, as it is against the EU fundamental values and can lead to discrimination.”

In their joint opinion they also express concerns about the Commission’s proposed enforcement structure for the AI regulation, arguing that data protection authorities (within Member States) should be designated as national supervisory authorities (“pursuant to Article 59 of the [AI] Proposal”) — pointing out the EU DPAs are already enforcing the GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) and the LED (Law Enforcement Directive) on AI systems involving personal data; and arguing it would therefore be “a more harmonized regulatory approach, and contribute to the consistent interpretation of data processing provisions across the EU” if they were given competence for supervising the AI Regulation too.

They are also not happy with the Commission’s plan to give itself a predominant role in the planned European Artificial Intelligence Board (EAIB) — arguing that this “would conflict with the need for an AI European body independent from any political influence”. To ensure the Board’s independence the proposal should give it more autonomy and “ensure it can act on its own initiative”, they add.

The Commission has been contacted for comment.

The AI Regulation is one of a number of digital proposals unveiled by EU lawmakers in recent months. Negotiations between the different EU institutions — and lobbying from industry and civil society — continues as the bloc works toward adopting new digital rules.

In another recent and related development, the UK’s information commissioner warned last week over the threat posed by big data surveillance systems that are able to make use of technologies like live facial recognition — although she claimed it’s not her place to endorse or ban a technology.

But her opinion makes it clear that many applications of biometric surveillance may be incompatible with the UK’s privacy and data protection framework.

UK’s ICO warns over ‘Big Data’ surveillance threat of live facial recognition in public

Europe lays out plan for risk-based AI rules to boost trust and uptake

Sweden’s data watchdog slaps police for unlawful use of Clearview AI

‘Orwellian’ AI lie detector project challenged in EU court

from RSSMix.com Mix ID 8204425 https://ift.tt/3xEcNfG via IFTTT

[mandibierly]

‘Broadchurch’ Postmortem: Creator Chris Chibnall on Season 3’s Growing List of Suspects

Olivia Colman as DS Ellie Miller and David Tennant as DI Alec Hardy in BBC America’s ‘Broadchurch.’ (Photo Credit: Patrick Redmond/BBC America)

Episode 2 of Broadchurch‘s final season raised more questions as Hardy (David Tennant) and Miller (Olivia Colman) truly began their investigation into the rape of Trish Winterman (Julie Hesmondhalgh). Why did Trish’s estranged husband, teacher Ian (Charlie Higson), refuse a DNA test and decide to do laundry and scrub mud off his shoes? How shady is the cab driver (Sebastian Armesto) who claims he had a radio problem the night he dropped Trish off at the party where she was attacked? Will young detective Katie Harford (Georgina Campbell) tell Hardy and Miller that Trish’s boss, Ed Burnett (Lenny Henry), is her father? Why did Trish refuse to tell Hardy and Miller who she’d had consensual sex with on the morning of her assault, and who just sent her the threatening text “Shut up. SHUT UP OR ELSE”? Will we get to see more scenes between Miller and Leo Humphries (Chris Mason), the 23-year-old manager of the local rope and twine factory who inspired one of Miller’s best lines in the series?

Of course Broadchurch creator Chris Chibnall couldn’t offer answers in our weekly postmortem, but read on for the topics he could safely discuss.

Hour 2 introduces many of the men who will fill out your list of suspects. What’s your process for creating those characters? Chris Chibnall: You start with the victim of the crime. What I tend to do is think about their life and all the people they will have come into contact with and all the people who will have an impact on their life. Particularly with Trish, a woman who’s in her late 40s, she has a lot of people she’s come into contact with and everybody at that age — they’ve lived a full life. Obviously in Season 1, we did the murder and that family was early 30s. What we’ve done this year is looked much more about these people who are turning 50, and maybe aren’t quite where they would want to be in their lives, and they’ve got all these sort of yearnings and desires and unfulfilled dreams and hopes and terrible damaged pasts. So that felt like each one of these characters has their own secrets and things they would prefer other people not to know. It felt like a really rich group of possible suspects.

And it must be interesting for you, as the writer, to see how Ellie and Hardy react to each of these new characters. Ellie’s comment to Hardy about Leo: “I am never in the mood for swaggery young s**ts.” [Laughs] Yeah, I mean, who is? I hope that they are always the audience’s voice and not just guiding you through the investigation. I think [Hardy and Miller] are voicing opinions about characters and their behavior and disbelief about what people are doing. Hardy has a line later on in one of the other episodes where he says, “This case is making me ashamed to be a man.” Constantly, these two characters are the voice of the audience, if you’d like to think deeper into this world, and the complexity of the investigation.

Georgina Campbell as DC Katie Harford in BBC America’s ‘Broadchurch.’ (Photo Credit: Colin Hutton/BBC America)

It seems purposeful to have Katie, who previously questioned why Trish waited two days to report her assault, be the one to ask “Was she drunk?” this week. It’s not spoiling too much to say that we’ll see Cath (Sarah Parish) make questionable remarks regarding Trish as the season continues. Did you want to make a point that it’s not just men who sometimes have a tough time understanding this situation, whether they’re a cop or just a friend? I think I’m always interested in the gray areas in Broadchurch, and the gray areas often come in the gender divides and the gender attitudes of different characters. What we talked about a lot with our police advisors is, the generation of women who are coming through as police officers who have to do a lot less training to be qualified to investigate these things and, possibly, are slightly unaware of all the battles that were fought by their predecessors in the name of feminism and in the name of women getting equality. Katie is an example of somebody like that who doesn’t understand how easy she’s got it compared to Ellie. That character is designed for that, as well.

I think Cath is an interesting, complex character brilliantly played by Sarah Parish, who understands that character inside-out. Cath is all about Cath, and when other people are getting attention, no matter why, then Cath isn’t necessarily going to be pleased about that.

This hour also revealed that newspaper editor Maggie Radcliffe (Carolyn Pickles) is facing a loss of control over her frontpage and the impending closing of the Broadchurch office. Why was that an important part of this season’s story for you? A couple of reasons. I think that the show has always been about the broader community as well as about the individual cases that we’ve followed through the three seasons. It’s reflecting what’s happening in real life. Here in the UK, the local newspapers that were the life-blood of the communities have now been under-resourced, their sales are flagging, and the newspapers that really recorded the life of the town are going missing. A big cornerstone of the community is just disappearing. I wanted to record that and, also, the sense of this is the final season of the show, things are changing, things are closing. How Maggie looks toward the future and how she deals with this change was a really important way to do that.

Broadchurch airs Wednesdays at 10 p.m. on BBC America.

Read more from Yahoo TV: ‘Broadchurch’ Season 3 Review: Going out Sensitive Yet Strong ‘Broadchurch’ Season 3 Premiere Postmortem: Creator Chris Chibnall on the Final Case ‘Broadchurch’ Final Season: David Tennant Previews Hardy and Miller’s Slight Role Reversal

[orbisfutureinsights-blog]

Global Next Generation Sequencing for Non-invasive Prenatal Testing Market Trends, Growth and Brand Shares, Forecast to 2025

Global Next Generation Sequencing for Non-invasive Prenatal Testing Market 2023" report provides 360° view on Industry by shading light on all major factors like Key Players, Demand for Products, End User & Applications, Future Growth & Forecast.

Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) is a type of testing method which is used to screen pregnancy for the risk of being affected with the most common chromosomal conditions such as Trisomy 21 (Down’s Syndrome), Trisomy 18 (Edwards Syndrome) and Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome). It is available to all pregnant women from 9 to 10 weeks of gestation, who are at both low-risk and high-risk for chromosomal aneuploidies. This test carries no risk of miscarriage and it is the most accurate screening test. The detection rate is more than 99% accurate.

NIPT is performed on a blood sample of the pregnant woman. The cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) which exceeds 4% of all the cell-free DNA in nearly all women from 10 weeks onward is collected and analyzed using next generation sequencing technology, coupled with advanced bioinformatics analysis. In addition to screening for common chromosomal trisomy conditions, few NIPT tests offer analysis of the X and Y sex chromosomes and gender identification. NIPT also screens for the risk of sex aneuploidy conditions including Turner’s (Monosomy X), Klinefelter (XXY) and Triple-X (XXX).

Download a PDF Sample of this Report @ http://www.orbisresearch.com/contacts/request-sample/2309290

The companies/laboratories currently offering NIPT screening across the world include:

- Ariosa (USA): Harmony.

- BGI Health (China): NIFTY.

- Illumina (USA): Verifi.

- Natera (USA) Panorama.

- Premaitha (UK): IONA.

- Sequenom (USA): MATERNIT21 PLUS.

Several NIPT methods have been developed based on recent advances in molecular biology and sequencing technologies. Recently, shotgun massively parallel sequencing (s-MPS) method is being commonly used for sequencing of DNA, after isolation and amplification of the cfDNA, which is followed by mapping the sequences to their chromosome and comparing the results.

Access the complete report with TOC & List of Tables @ http://www.orbisresearch.com/reports/index/next-generation-sequencing-for-non-invasive-prenatal-testing-global-insights

NIPT was first launched by commercial providers in the United States and China (Hong Kong) in 2011. It quickly moved into markets in Western Europe, the Middle East, South America, Asia and Africa, with samples from many of these countries being sent to the United States or China for testing. Studies show that adoption in developed countries is high and has significantly reduced the number of invasive tests performed.

Although NIPT is currently available through private providers, it is not yet widely available in publicly funded prenatal services. During the forecast period it is expected that even public service providers will adopt this test at a high rate.

Advantages offered by NIPT such as non-invasiveness, high accuracy and early detection. Coupled with raising awareness, increasing market penetration in Asia and Latin America and increase in average maternal age are the major factors expected to drive the growth of the global NIPT market during the forecast period.

Companies Mentioned:

10X GENOMICS

23ANDME

AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Annoroad

BERRY GENOMICS

BGI (Beijing Genomics Institute)

Eurofin GATC - Lifecodexx AG

Eurofins Gatc Biotech

ILLUMINA INC.

Knome, Inc. / Tute Genomics / Pierian Dx

LABCORP

Labcorp-sequenom Laboratories

NATERA, INC.

NIPD GENETICS

OXFORD NANOPORE TECHNOLOGIES LTD.

Pacific Biosciences Of California

PERKINELMER, INC.

Pieriandx, Inc.

PREMAITHA HEALTH PLC

QIAGEN NV

ROCHE HOLDING AG

THERMO FISHER SCIENTIFIC INC.

Enquiry before buying report @ http://www.orbisresearch.com/contacts/enquiry-before-buying/2309290

Table of Content

Chapter 1 Introduction

Study Goals and Objectives

Reasons for Doing This Study

Scope of Report

Information Sources

Intended Audience

Methodology

Geographic Breakdown

Analyst's Credentials

Related BCC Research Reports

Chapter 2 Summary and Highlights

Chapter 3 Next Generation Sequencing Overview

Technology Background

Structure and Importance of DNA

Genetic Variation and Analysis

Types of Genetic Variation

Genetic Analysis Technologies

DNA Sequencing Technologies

Whole Genome Sequencing

Targeted Resequencing

ChIP Sequencing

RNA Sequencing

Methylation Sequencing

History of DNA Sequencing

Sanger Sequencing

Introduction to Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)

Roche 454 Pyrosequencing

Illumina Next-Generation Sequencing

Thermo Fisher Scientific (Life Technologies) NGS

Sequencing Instruments

Benchtop Sequencers

Informatics Technologies

Factors driving NGS Market

Improvements in Clinical NGS Informatics

Growing Need for Better Diagnostics as Part of Molecular Diagnostics Trend

Shift towards Precision Medicine

Factors Restraining NGS Market

Lack of reimbursement coverage and coding

Other Clinical Sequencing Technology Challenges

Chapter 4 Next Generation Sequencing Applications

Drug Discovery/Personalized Medicine

Agriculture and Animal Research

Infectious Diseases/Diagnostics

Genetic Screening

Cancer

Cardiovascular Diseases

Food-Borne Illness

HLA-Typing

Immune Diseases

Metabolic Diseases

Neurological Disorders

Mendelian Disorders

Infectious Diseases

Reproductive Health

Chapter 5 Next Generation Sequencing Based Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing

NIPT-Introduction and Technology Overview

Other Conventional Prenatal Testing Methods

Advantages of NIPT

Positive Predictive Value

Implementation of NIPT Process

In-House Testing

As a Service

Factors Driving NIPT Market

Average Risk NIPT

Favorable Reimbursement

New Advances in Genomic Technologies

Preference for Non-invasive Techniques Over Invasive Methods

Patient Counseling and Awareness

Increasing Collaborations with Local Entities

Increasing Mean Maternal Age

Restraints

Legal and regulatory issues

Access to the Advancing Technologies

Fetal Cell NIPT Industry

Current Market Scenario

Cost of NIPT

Chapter 6 Market Breakdown by NIPT Methods

NGS-based NIPT

NGS Sequencers for NIPT

VeriSeq NIPT Solution

MiSeqDx

NextSeq 550x

NextSeq 550AR

Non-Invasive Prenatal Tests Available in Market

NIFTY

Verifi Prenatal Test

Panorama

MaterniT21

IONA Test

Bambni Test

InformaSeq

Prena Test

VisibiliT

Veracity

Chapter 7 NGS-NIPT End Users

By Disease Area

Down's Syndrome

Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)

Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13)

Turner Syndrome

Others

By Healthcare Setting

Diagnostic laboratories

Hospitals

Chapter 8 Market Breakdown by Region

North America

USA

Europe

Asia-Pacific

Rest of the World

Chapter 9 Patent Review

Patent Review by Year

Chapter 10 Analysis of Market Opportunities

Market Share Analysis

PEST Analysis

Political

Economical

Social

Technological

Chapter 11 Competitive Landscape

Mergers and Acquisitions

New Product Launches

Agreements, Collaborations, and Partnerships

Chapter 12 Company Profiles

10X GENOMICS

Business Overview

Financials

Products and Services

23ANDME

Business Overview

Products and Services

AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

Business Overview

Financials

Products and Services

Business Highlights

ANNOROAD

Business Overview

Products and Services

BERRY GENOMICS

Business Overview

Products and Services

BGI (BEIJING GENOMICS INSTITUTE)

Business Overview

Products and Services

Business Highlights

EUROFINS GATC BIOTECH

Business Overview

EUROFIN GATC - LIFECODEXX AG

Business Overview

Products and Services

Business Highlights

ILLUMINA INC.

Business Overview

Financials

Products and Services

Business Highlights (2017-2018)

KNOME, INC. / TUTE GENOMICS / PIERIAN DX

Business Overview

PIERIANDX, INC.

Products and Services

LABCORP-SEQUENOM LABORATORIES

Business Overview

LABCORP

Business Overview

Labcorp's Businesses

Financials

Products and Services

NATERA, INC.

Business Overview

Financials

Products and Services

Business Highlights

NIPD GENETICS

Business overview

OXFORD NANOPORE TECHNOLOGIES LTD.

Business Overview

Financials

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[iprayunceasingly-blog]

UK politicians call for action against sex-selective abortion

New Post has been published on https://pray-unceasingly.com/catholic-living/catholic-news/uk-politicians-call-for-action-against-sex-selective-abortion/

UK politicians call for action against sex-selective abortion

London, England, Sep 18, 2018 / 02:30 pm (CNA).- British politicians have called for a review of the availability of early sex detection tests for pregnant women. The proposal was made by Labour Members of Parliament and prompted by concerns that the tests are leading to sex-selective abortions.

The MP’s expressed particular concern that women, especially those in the UK’s Asian communities, are being pressured or coerced into having an abortion if they are pregnant with a girl.

Labour MP Naz Shah said it was “morally wrong” that women are using the Non-Invasive Prenatal Test (NIPT) to determine whether or not they are pregnant with a girl, and then scheduling an abortion based on the result. Shah, the Shadow Secretary of State for Women and Equalities, called for a government investigation into the practice.

The call for government intervention against the practice comes almost 18 months after the Nuffield Council on Bioethics, a government-funded think tank, found that NIPT promoted sex-selective abortions.

The NIPT consists of a blood test given to the mother at the ninth week of pregnancy, at which time the baby’s DNA is detectable in their mother’s bloodstream.

The test is currently administered by the UK’s National Health Service to screen for genetic conditions, such as Down syndrome. Pro-life advocates have already warned that the test is used to “screen out” children with Down’s syndrome and other conditions. Currently in the UK, 90% of children with a prenatal diagnosis of Down’s syndrome are aborted.

While the gender can be detected by the NIPT, the NHS does not share this information with parents unless there is a specific need to do so. While the test is not made available by the NHS expressly for gender screening, it is privately available to parents and can be purchased at a clinic for about £150-£200.

In the London suburb of Slough, which has a substantial South Asian population, the tests are roadside advertisements explicitly market the test as being able to determine the sex of the child. This, said Shah, is where the government should consider stepping in.

"NIPT screenings should be used for their intended purpose, to screen for serious conditions and Down's syndrome,” said Shah.

"The government needs to look into this exploitative practice and enforce appropriate restrictions."

Slough’s Labour MP Tan Dhesi agreed with Shah, and pointed out that some Asian countries have “made huge strides in tackling this social evil,” particularly when the government has banned prenatal gender tests. “In the UK I think we need to be doing likewise, with regards to the private sector as well,” said Dhesi.

Prenatal sex detection has been illegal in India since 1994.

The calls follow a BBC has report on online forums where women have discussed how NIPT results will directly inform their decision to continue with their pregnancy or to have an abortion.

"I need a son to heal me…,” wrote one woman. “My only bet is NIPT followed by continuation, only if it's a boy."

Clare McCarthy, spokesperson for Right To Life UK, told CNA that she agrees with the need for government action to address the problem of sex-selective abortion.

"This BBC investigation adds to a growing body of evidence that we have a sex-selective abortion problem here in the UK,” said McCarthy.

“It’s time for the Government to stop denying there is a problem here and take urgent action to put in place a ban on sex-selective abortion.”

McCarthy, however, said it was “seriously concerning” that the same Labour MPs who are opposed to sex-selective abortion also are in favor of removing all legal restrictions on abortion, “under the guise of ‘decriminalisation.’”

If this were happen, McCarthy told CNA that “the evidence from overseas shows that this could make our sex-selective abortion problem even worse.”

While sex-selection abortion is technically illegal in the United Kingdom, women may give other reasons as for why they want to have an abortion.

In England, Scotland, and Wales, abortion must be signed off by two doctors and cannot be performed later than 24 weeks gestation. After 24 weeks of pregnancy the grounds upon which an abortion can be sought narrow significantly.

In Northern Ireland, abortion is illegal, but it is legal for a Northern Irish woman to travel to England, Scotland, or Wales for an abortion.

CNA Daily News – Europe

[fitnesswomenshealth-blog]

Labour calls for ban on early foetus gender test

New Post has been published on https://cialiscom.org/labour-calls-for-ban-on-early-foetus-gender-test.html

Labour calls for ban on early foetus gender test

Picture copyright Getty Pictures

Labour is contacting for a ban on mother and father-to-be remaining advised the sexual intercourse of their little one immediately after early blood assessments, amid fears it could lead to abortions of girls.

The Non-Invasive Prenatal Check (NIPT) is utilized by the NHS to test for genetic disorders, but men and women can pay for it privately to discover a baby’s gender.

Labour MP Naz Shah explained it was morally improper for folks to use the examination to abort pregnancies based on the end result.

The Office of Wellbeing reported it would continue to review the evidence.

An investigation by the Victoria Derbyshire programme has identified countless numbers of British girls discussing utilizing NIPT to decide gender on an on the net discussion board.

Ms Shah, who is shadow women of all ages and equalities minister, said cultural practices in some communities like the South Asian neighborhood, have a choice for boys.

She mentioned this place excellent strain on girls “forcing them to adopt approaches these types of as NIPT to are living up to expectations of spouse and children members”.

NIPT involves getting a sample from the woman to appear for DNA from the toddler circulating in her blood, to gauge the danger of attainable genetic problems these as Down’s syndrome. It can also be applied to ascertain gender, info which NHS medical doctors will not be sharing with moms and dads when the check is rolled out throughout England upcoming thirty day period.

Private clinics provide the exact examination for about £150-£200 and do share this data. Some involve only that a fall of blood be sent in the article with results sent back in a few days.

Ms Shah said: “NIPT screenings ought to be used for their meant reason, to display screen for severe problems these kinds of as Down’s syndrome.

“The federal government requires to appear into this exploitative exercise and implement appropriate restrictions.”

‘I experienced a panic attack when they said it was a girl’

Zara, not her actual identify, is Sikh and life in Better London.

“I had straightaway designed that selection that I did not want to have this newborn.

“We have been a relatives of 5 ladies and each individual time my Mum had one more daughter absolutely everyone would appear to the house as if they were coming to mourn.

“For them it’s like a burden. My concern was I failed to want to go by way of what my mother went through.”

Zara found the gender of her newborn five months into her pregnancy and opted to have a surgical abortion.

She now regrets the decision. “You see mates and family members that have daughters and they have these kinds of a lovely marriage. I am someone’s daughter and someone’s sister,” she claimed.

Zara suggests she believes abortion on the grounds of gender is a “really prevalent” practice.

Rani Bilkhu from the Jeena Worldwide organisation says quite a few women say they have experienced violence or been coerced into abortions for the reason that they were expecting with a next or 3rd lady.

It would like sexual intercourse-selective abortion to be considered as a variety of honour-dependent violence.

“No marvel they’re resorting to sexual intercourse-collection abortion since they’ve obtained no selection,” she states. “They never want to be homeless, they do not want their relationship to are unsuccessful – all because they could not give beginning to a boy.”

‘Only if it is a boy’

The on the web discussion boards where British females talked about applying NIPT contain thousands of posts the place women express their anxiousness about owning a lady.

One said: “I need to have a son to recover me… my only wager is NIPT adopted by continuation, only if it truly is a boy.”

The programme also found one area, Slough, exactly where women’s clinics presenting these tests had been staying promoted on roadside adverts.

“This poster is actually telling the local community, ‘Come right here, appear to us and we will permit you know whether or not you happen to be having a boy or a woman,'” says Ms Bilkhu.

Labour MP for Slough, Tan Dhesi, said marketing and advertising assessments offering gender determination really should be stamped out.

“Communities in South Asia have made enormous strides in tackling this social evil,” he explained. “Which is been mostly via laws, banning gender perseverance clinics. In the Uk I think we want to be carrying out similarly, with regards to the private sector as very well.”

Image caption Ms Bilkhu mentioned the scale of the difficulty was particularly difficult to evaluate

Selecting an abortion because of to gender is unlawful in the United kingdom, apart from some uncommon exemptions, but it is difficult to detect as females frequently cite other good reasons for obtaining the course of action.

In 2015, the authorities acknowledged it did not know how prevalent screening for gender was. It explained if NIPT became more preferred, it would require to analyse the effect it was getting on the gender ratio in ethnic minority communities.

Ms Bilkhu explained it was really tricky to evaluate.

“Not only do the government not comprehend there is certainly an problem all-around sexual intercourse-assortment abortion, but also charities and statutory sectors usually are not asking the thoughts,” she reported.

The Nuffield Council, which advises on ethical concerns, lately held a consultation on NIPT testing. It believes the capacity to decide gender reinforces strain on women to have boys.

“The need for intercourse-range is a big driver of non-public-sector testing,” mentioned Tom Shakespeare from the council. “I will not think the authorities want to control, they just never like it in any sector.

“But international locations like China and India have recognised the trouble of sex-selective abortion and so it really is really difficult to get this facts – in India it is illegal. So if we allow it, people will occur right here as vacationers.”

A Office of Wellness and Social Treatment spokesman mentioned: “The pre-natal exam is hardly ever meant to be employed for gender. We will continue on to evaluate the evidence.”

Watch the BBC’s Victoria Derbyshire programme on weekdays among 09:00 and 11:00 on BBC Two and the BBC Information channel in the Uk.

Supply url

[monaligvr-blog]

Preimplantation Genetic Testing Market Is Forecast To Reach $221.1 Million By 2024: Grand View Research, Inc.

San Francisco, 12 September 2018 - The global preimplantation genetic testing market size is projected to amount to a value of USD 221.1 million by 2024, according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. The market is primarily driven by an increase in number of offspring born with inherited medical conditions. Thanks to the emergence of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) and diagnosis to detect nearly all genetically inherited conditions, couples who are carriers of such conditions can screen their embryos at an earlier stage.

Rising adoption of IVF, resulting from an increase in incidence of pregnancy-related complications, is projected to boost demand for preimplantation genetic testing services. Women undergoing IVF are expected to undergo PGT cycles in order to prevent the transfer of chromosomal abnormalities to their offspring.

Increasing demand for these tests can also be attributed to rising infertility rate around the world. This has been brought on by various environmental and lifestyle factors, eventually driving the need for PGT services.

To request a sample copy or view summary of this report, click the link below: www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/preimplantation-genetic-testing-pgt-market

Further Key Findings From the Study Suggest:

Preimplantation genetic testing is available for different types of services, which include X-linked diseases, Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) typing, chromosomal abnormalities, freeze embryo testing, aneuploidy screening, detection of serious late-onset diseases, and gender selection. Preimplantation genetic testing for chromosomal abnormalities accounted for approximately 29% of the market share due to advancements in its screening by the use of noninvasive prenatal testing, which employs cell-free DNA for early detection of chromosomal abnormalities, such as Patau syndrome, Edwards syndrome, and Down syndrome.

This technology has various applications. Amongst all the applications, embryo HLA typing for stem cell therapy dominated with a share of over 30%. This largest share can be attributed to the benefits associated with the use of PGD for identification of HLA compatible embryos for stem cell therapy.

Although usage of these tests for inherited chromosomal disease is observed to have less penetration in the current scenario, it is expected to witness tremendous growth in the coming years due to increasing adoption rate of this service for detection of inherited genomic anomalies, such as sickle cell anemia and Huntington’s disease.

Europe accounted for the largest share with respect to revenue as a result of growing awareness about the scope of these diagnostic services for delivering genetically fit offspring. Also, developed infrastructure, rising investments by governmental bodies, and presence of key players in this region, collectively encourages growth of this industry in this region.

Some of the key players that have commercialized PGT services include F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG; Genea Limited; Quest Diagnostics, Illumina, Inc.; Natera, Inc; CooperSurgical, Inc; LabCorp; California Pacific Medical Center; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc; Igenomix; Reproductive Genetic Innovations, LLC; CombiMatrix; Good Start Genetics, Inc; Bioarray S.L; and Reproductive Health Science Ltd.

These key participants are actively involved in the R&D initiatives for development of novel PGT services. Partnership between entities and acquisition of small companies by major companies in order to reinforce its status in the market as well as to expand its product catalog for this vertical is expected boost revenue generation in preimplantation genetic diagnostics.

For instance, In December 2015, Natera, entered into a partnership with MedGenome, provider of genomic solutions for personalized healthcare in India. As per this partnership, MedGenome will be allowed to use the Panorama noninvasive prenatal test in its research laboratory. As a result, MedGenome becomes the first provider of this service in India.

Grand View Research has segmented preimplantation genetic testing market on the basis of application, type, and region:

Type Outlook (Market Revenue in USD Million, 2013 - 2024)

Chromosomal Abnormalities

X-linked Diseases

Freeze Embryo Testing

Aneuploidy Screening

HLA Typing

Other PGT Types

Application Outlook (Revenue in USD Million, 2013 - 2024)

Embryo HLA Typing for Stem Cell Therapy

IVF Prognosis

Late-Onset Genetic Disorders

Inherited Genetic Disease

Others

Regional Outlook (Market Revenue in USD Million, 2013 - 2025)

North America

S.

Canada

Europe

Germany

UK

Asia Pacific

Japan

China

Latin America

Brazil

Mexico

Middle East and Africa

South Africa

Browse Press Release of this Report: www.grandviewresearch.com/press-release/global-preimplantation-genetic-testing-pgt-market

About Grand View Research

Grand View Research, Inc. is a U.S. based market research and consulting company, registered in the State of California and headquartered in San Francisco. The company provides syndicated research reports, customized research reports, and consulting services. To help clients make informed business decisions, we offer market intelligence studies ensuring relevant and fact-based research across a range of industries, from technology to chemicals, materials and healthcare.

For More Information: www.grandviewresearch.com

[fashiontrendin-blog]

These 5 women changed YOUR life, but do you know them?

http://fashion-trendin.com/these-5-women-changed-your-life-but-do-you-know-them/

These 5 women changed YOUR life, but do you know them?

BBC History Magazine (niche) has revealed the list of the ‘100 Women Who Changed the World’ as voted for by the public. But do you know the five women who topped the list?

1. Cancer Curer: Marie Curie, 1867-1934

Marie Curie defines the term, ‘game-changer.’ Not only did she discover radioactivity, she termed the name and her discoveries formed the foundations of Cancer cures we still use today. Her career kicked off by providing X-ray equipment for ambulances in the First World War. Inspiringly Marie’s story is a story of triumph over circumstance. Growing up in Poland, the odds were more than stacked against her in a Russian occupied territory as everywhere she turned she was regarded with distrust for not only being foreign, but a woman. Becoming ill in her later life from the radioactive materials she continuously handled, she lives on today with the charity that bears her name, Marie Curie. The foundation continues to aid terminally-ill patients worldwide.

2. Equality Queen: Rosa Parks, 1913-2005

Rosa Parks changed the course of history, one seemingly normal day in Montgomery, Alabama, by refusing to give her bus seat up to a white person. In the process, she undermined the race segregation that existed not only in America, but the Western World. Her protesting stance quickly spread, gained momentum and resulted in the fight for equal rights that littered the 1960s. What. A. Woman.

3. Suffragette Flagbearer: Emmeline Pankhurst, 1858-1928

Imagine a world where you were not able to vote simply because you are a woman. That was a reality for Emmeline Pankhurst and her army of suffragettes. Forming the Women’s Social and Political Union in 1903, Pankhurst’s slogan, ‘Deeds, not words’ became a rallying call in the campaign for the parliamentary vote for women. Going against the socially ingrained practice of ‘politeness’, Pankhurst and her fellow campaigners were loud and proud in their quest that saw her being imprisoned thirteen times before winning the right to vote.

In celebration of International Women’s Day, here are the kick-ass women you should thank for the rights we have today

4. The First Computer Programmer: Ada Lovelace, 1815-1852

This is one brainy Victorian. Ada Lovelace is widely regarded as the world’s first computer programmer and her achievements are even more remarkable because of her gender. Lovelace’s obsession with science and maths defied contemporary conventions applied to women creating the algorithms of the ‘Analytical Engine’, which became the forerunner of the computer. Mind. Blown.

5. DNA Darling: Rosalind Franklin, 1920-1958

Rosalind Franklin created the now infamous photograph 51, an X-ray showing the foundations of the double helix structure of DNA. By discovering the very foundations of the DNA structure, a series of incredible medical advancements were made from genetic engineering to test-tube babies. Her life became a West End play, Photograph 51, where Nicole Kidman assumed the role of Rosalind Franklin, illustrating how men continuously attempted to steal her findings and class them as their own.

Rounding off the top ten are the UK’s first female prime minister, Margaret Thatcher, Victorian Angela Burdett-Coutts, the nation’s first female peer, feminist 18th century writer, Mary Wollstonecraft, Florence Nightingale for her contribution to nursing during the Crimean War and finally, Marie Stopes, the first advocate for birth control and sex education in the early twentieth century.

For the full list of BBC History Magazine’s poll of 100 Women Who Changed the World click here.

This is exactly what it means to be a millennial feminist

[mavwrekmarketing]

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Media captionThe technology can tell whether the person has touched blood and if it is from a human or animal

Fingerprint technology which can detect the brand of hair gel used by a suspect or whether they have handled a condom could soon be admissible in court.

The technique uses a form of mass spectrometry to detect traces of various substances within a fingerprint.

It can provide “diverse information” about a suspect, including any alcohol or drug use, researchers have said.

The Home Office said it could be “only months” before it is used in casework.

More stories from around Yorkshire

Teams from Sheffield Hallam University have been working with West Yorkshire Police to pilot the technique.

Project lead Dr Simona Francese said the technology had been used to detect blood in a 30-year-old print, meaning it could be used in cold case reviews.

“I would want to see this technology in high-profile cases such as murder or rape. It’s very sophisticated, it’s expensive but it’s worthwhile,” she added.

How does mass spectrometry work?

Image caption Different particles from a fingerprint can be analysed to give more information about a person

The analytical technique is used to find traces of substances on or within the ridges of the fingerprint

It works by vaporising the sample and then firing it through an electric and magnetic field inside a vacuum

Particles of different mass behave differently under these conditions, which means the team at Sheffield Hallam University can identify molecules found within the print

The information available using this technique is diverse. For example, by looking at the proteins found in the print scientists can tell if the person is male or female

Researchers have been working with West Yorkshire Police to test the technology since 2012.

Dr Francese said: “When you think about what a fingerprint is, it’s nothing else but sweat and sweat is a biological matrix.

“It contains molecules from within your body but also molecules that you have just contaminated your fingertips with, so the amount of information there potentially to retrieve is huge.”

Image caption Dr Simona Francese wants mass spectrometry to be used in high-profile court cases

Neil Denison, acting director of Yorkshire and the Humber Regional Scientific Support at West Yorkshire Police, said: “We’re very, very keen to keep up with criminals quite frankly, and this is one way that we can do that.

“It confirms our hopes because that’s what this work is about. It’s about looking to the future, fingerprints have been pretty dormant for 80 or 90 years but in the future we are hopeful that we’ll be able to get more useful intelligence from fingerprints that will help us in the prevention and detection of crime.”

What can we tell about a person by using mass spectrometry?

Their gender

Whether the person has touched blood and whether it is from a human or animal

Whether they have taken drugs. Cocaine, THC (the chemical in marijuana and cannabis), heroin, amphetamine and other drugs can be detected.

Whether a strand of hair is present on the fingerprint

If there are traces of cleaning products or cosmetics

Whether the person has touched condom lubricants, even determining the brand

What food and drink has been consumed (such as garlic and caffeine)

The Home Office has invested £80,000 in the project, with senior technical specialist Stephen Bleay writing a blueprint for all police forces in the UK to use.

He said: “There’s a lot of scientific work going on, with Sheffield Hallam University and West Yorkshire Police visiting crime scenes looking at how this technique could fit in with the work flow of collecting conventional forensic evidence and other types of evidence, such as DNA and fibres.

“I think it’s fairly close to bottoming out all the questions that could be raised in court.

“It’s possible this is only months away from being used on casework.”

Martin Holleran, senior lecturer in policing studies at York St John University, said this was a “great opportunity” for criminal investigations.

“Fingerprinting has only been around since the early 1900s. Since then you have the Edmond Locard theory of every crime leaves a trace, and this kind of builds on that,” he said.

Related Topics

Sheffield

Sheffield Hallam University

West Yorkshire Police

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[wonderlsd-blog]

How much does it depend on to have a boy or a girl? Is it a man's decision or a woman's decision?

How much does it depend on to have a boy or a girl? Is it a man's decision or a woman's decision? In fact, the pregnancy is woman, so the daughters have their roots in women "credit". But the scientific statement is not what we imagined. In fact, medical science has put forward many theories about the sex of the fetus. Unfortunately, it is impossible to set up the level of cognition at that time. Such as Canon think after menstruation is yang male pregnancy day, even on the conception of female is Yin; Li Dongyuan think after one or two days after a sense of male, four or five female subjects; Zhu Danxi to air in the left uterine for male, female right by uterus; Ji Fang left for the holy man, right for women; Chu's books wrapped with blood into male, female sperm wrap blood. Different opinions have also appeared in the history of Western medicine. If someone has proposed that the right testis is responsible for the birth of the baby, the left testis is responsible for the female; the sperm enters the right fallopian tube and the female gets into the left.

Then people noticed that only one testicle or removed one of the fallopian tubes are probably sons and daughters, it overturned these absurd theory. Until 200 years ago, the theory of sexual differentiation remained blank. Dutchman Antonivan Levenhuk in 1677 and the first under the microscope to see sperm, 150 years after the German Baer first saw a mammalian egg, this just to replace the ancient mysteries of science on the myth of the pregnancy all kick up a cloud of dust. The secret of having a baby is American Mike Ruge, who discovered in 1902 that he discovered the chromosomes X and Y that determine sex.

The birth of a male or female is not decided by the woman, but is mainly determined by the sex chromosomes of the man. Sex chromosomes, as the name suggests, are chromosomes that determine sex. Human germ cells, 23 of the 46 chromosomes, of which 22 of the autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes, female sex chromosomes XX, genotype 46 available, XX said; men of staining for XY, XY genotype was 46. The germ cells undergo two meiotic divisions, 23 pairs of chromosomes turn into 23, and the sex chromosomes contained in the egg are only X, whereas the sperm may contain either X or Y sex chromosomes. When the sperm is combined with the egg, the chromosomes of the fertilized egg revert to 23 pairs.

If the sperm containing the X chromosome is combined with the egg, the fertilized egg is of type XX and develops into a female embryo; if the sperm containing the Y chromosome is combined with the egg, the fertilized egg is XY type and develops into a male fetus. Therefore, the birth of a male or female depends on whether the X sperm or the Y sperm are involved in the fertilization. The combination of sperm and egg is random, is not the people's will, so as to maintain the balance of human sex ratio, which is a kind of natural ecological balance, the balance will not damage, otherwise, will inevitably cause social problems be unbearable to contemplate.

The discovery of X and Y sex chromosomes led to a correct understanding of sex determination. In the 20-50, there was a further understanding that Y chromosome was the determinant of female reproduction. Some people believe that there is a male determinant on the X chromosome, which can promote the development of the undifferentiated gonadal medulla to the testis and the degeneration of the cortex when affected by a component of the Y chromosome. If there is no Y chromosome in the nucleus, the cortex of the gonad develops into the ovary, whereas the medulla is degenerated. In recent years, it has been found that a glycoprotein linked to the Y chromosome, that is, histocompatibility antigen, also known as H-Y antigen. It is speculated that it is associated with the genetic factors involved in the X chromosome and facilitates the differentiation of primordial gonads into testes. But this theory does not point to whether one or more genes determine the sex of a fetus.

In December 24, 1987, the University of Cambridge Institute for biological research published their new discovery that the sex of the fetus is determined by a gene called TdF. David Paige, a genetic expert at the hospital, began studying sex chromosomes in 1981. The men in the study had two X chromosomes, whereas the female had one X and one Y chromosome. Genetic analysis of the DNA of these patients revealed that in most XX males there was a DNA binding protein, commonly known as TdF. The TdF could not hybridize with the DNA of women in XY.

Therefore, scientists believe it is called the testis determining factor (TdF) in the ectopic or deletion caused between the phenotype and genetic sex perversion, namely XX genetic sex of patients with TdF, the differentiation of male phenotype; XY genetic sex of patients, because there is no TdF and differentiation of female phenotype. Therefore, the sex of the fetus is determined by the TdF gene. The research results are undoubtedly of epoch-making significance. This provides the theoretical basis for gene therapy when human beings are to implement gender control for certain needs in the future. However, the sex determination factor is still not completely clear until now, and needs further study.

Experiments show that the United States in recent years to complete the injection of testosterone can change the sheep ewes embryo sex, but according to the current understanding of the UK and Cambridge found that children do not depend on reproductive hormones, but the karyotype of fertilized eggs. If the American experiment is successful, it is not only of practical value, but also a new breakthrough in the theory of embryonic differentiation. Yes and no need to be tested by time.

The in vitro fertilization team at the University of Edinburgh and another medical team successfully used commercially available DNA probes to identify male Y chromosomes after 4-8 days of fertilization. They believe that this method can be used for in vitro fertilization, embryo or uterine irrigation of normal pregnancy embryos sexing, and can also be used for prenatal diagnosis of sex linked genetic diseases. At present, this technology has yet to be perfected and improved, in order to cryopreservation of embryos, identify the sex out of a cell, and the embryo is not damaged, easy days after transplantation in the mother's womb. The study of transgenic animals also provides another possible prospect for sex determination.

Scientists in small animal fertilized eggs into the male pronucleus of bovine growth hormone gene, the male and female pronuclear fusion after oosperm divide, can develop into a super small animal, with foreign genes. The message is whether genetic modification can be used to correct human genetic diseases, or to control or alter embryonic sex, at least to overcome sexual linked diseases. Although this experimental study can not be further carried out because of ethical problems, it can not be denied that it also has a progressive and scientific side, and can give people some enlightenment.

The development of domestic medical research has enabled people to recognize the sex of the fetus early in pregnancy. As 40-60 days of pregnancy, from villus cells; after 3-4 months of pregnancy, by amniocentesis and amniotic fluid, through a special cell culture and staining, observe the chromosome under a microscope, you can distinguish between male and female.

It is important to point out that the purpose of establishing these methods is not to cater for the wishes of men and women, but to give birth to them. Because some of the genetic disease is related to gender, such as hemophilia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy and other diseases transmitted only to the boy, if the genetic disorder known to a family, then the family members during pregnancy, you should do the prenatal diagnosis, such as a boy, it should stop immediately to avoid pregnancy. The burden of children born to the family and society, to ensure that every family can give birth to a lovely and clever child.

[blueorpinkuk]

Food Cravings & Gender: Pregnant with a Boy or Girl?

Pregnancy is a time filled with excitement and anticipation, and one of the many changes women experience is food cravings. As the body undergoes numerous hormonal shifts, expectant mothers often find themselves craving unusual or specific foods. This phenomenon has led to various theories and old wives' tales about what these cravings might reveal about the baby's gender. While many cultures have traditional beliefs linking cravings with the sex of the baby, it is important to distinguish between folklore and scientific evidence. In this post, we will understand the connection between food cravings and gender prediction, as explained by the sonographers of an early gender blood test clinic in the UK.

The Connection Between Cravings and Baby Gender

Traditional Beliefs and Cravings:

Throughout history, various cultures have linked food cravings with the baby's sex. For instance, some say craving sweets indicates a girl, while salty or sour cravings suggest a boy.

Hormonal Changes Impacting Cravings:

Pregnancy hormones influence taste and smell, leading to unusual cravings. Estrogen and progesterone levels can drive these changes.

Scientific Studies and Evidence:

Research on food cravings and gender prediction is limited. Some studies suggest there is no substantial correlation.

Common Cravings and Their Meanings

Sweet Cravings:

Expecting mothers who crave sweet foods may believe they are having a girl. The idea is that girls supposedly make women crave sugary treats.

Savory and Salty Cravings:

Craving salty or savory snacks is often linked to the expectation of a boy. While this is a common belief, it's not scientifically proven.

Sour and Spicy Cravings:

Some pregnant women develop a taste for sour or spicy foods. There is no specific gender association with these cravings.

Understanding Cravings Through Nutritional Needs

Body’s Nutritional Demands:

Cravings often reflect the body’s need for specific nutrients. For example, craving iron-rich foods might indicate a deficiency. These needs are not related to the baby's sex but rather to the mother’s health.

Psychological and Emotional Factors:

Emotional states and stress can also influence cravings. Pregnant women might experience heightened cravings due to hormonal fluctuations and psychological changes rather than gender predictions.

Conclusion

While the idea that food cravings can predict a baby's gender is interesting, it remains largely based on myths and traditional beliefs. Scientific evidence does not support a reliable connection between cravings and the baby's sex. The best way to know your baby's gender is through medical methods such as ultrasound or genetic testing. For those curious about early gender detection, visit BlueorPink Clinic for a reliable and accurate early gender detection test in the UK. Our advanced technologies can provide you with the information you need to prepare for your baby's arrival.

Contact us today to learn more about our services and how we can assist you on this exciting journey.

Also Read: https://blueorpinkcouk.wordpress.com/2024/08/07/factors-that-can-influence-the-early-gender-dna-test/