#duke of lerma

[panmikola]

Equestrian Portrait of the Duke of Lerma (1603) by Peter Paul Rubens

[paintings-from-the-past]

Equestrian Portrait of the Duke of Lerma (1603) by Peter Paul Rubens

[classicalcanvas]

Title: Equestrian Portrait of the Duke of Lerma

Artist: Peter Paul Rubens

Date: 1603

Style: Baroque

Genre: Portrait

[artandthebible]

Saint Thomas

Artist: Peter Paul Rubens (Flemish, 1577-1640)

Date: 1610-1612

Medium: Oil on Panel

Collection: Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain

DESCRIPTION

Around 1612 Rubens made a series of portraits of the apostles, in commission of the duke of Lerma. All paintings show an attribute to identify the apostle. Thomas holds a spear, the weapon that supposedly killed him and made him a martyr.

Then Thomas (also known as Didymus said to the rest of the disciples, “Let us also go, that we may die with him.” ~ John 11:16

[peter-paul-rubens-paintings]

-Equestrian Portrait of the Duke of Lerma-

[al-mayriti]

NOT AMELIA INSPIRING SHAKESPEARE TO WRITE MACBETH AND MAKING IT ABOUT THE QUEEN AND THE DUKE OF LERMA

[theonlinecollector]

Juan Pantoja de la Cruz

Francisco Gómez de Sandoval-Rojas y Borja, I Duke of Lerma (1602)

Fundación Medinaceli

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 4.16 (before 1940)

1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail. 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Roman emperor Otho commits suicide. 73 – Masada, a Jewish fortress, falls to the Romans after several months of siege, ending the First Jewish–Roman War. 1346 – Stefan Dušan, "the Mighty", is crowned Emperor of the Serbs at Skopje, his empire occupying much of the Balkans. 1520 – The Revolt of the Comuneros begins in Spain against the rule of Charles V. 1582 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Lerma founds the settlement of Salta, Argentina. 1746 – The Battle of Culloden is fought between the French-supported Jacobites and the British Hanoverian forces commanded by William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, in Scotland. After the battle many highland traditions were banned and the Highlands of Scotland were cleared of inhabitants. 1780 – Franz Friedrich Wilhelm von Fürstenberg founds the University of Münster. 1799 – French Revolutionary Wars: The Battle of Mount Tabor: Napoleon drives Ottoman Turks across the River Jordan near Acre. 1818 – The United States Senate ratifies the Rush–Bagot Treaty, limiting naval armaments on the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain. 1838 – The French Army captures Veracruz in the Pastry War. 1847 – Shooting of a Māori by an English sailor results in the opening of the Wanganui Campaign of the New Zealand Wars. 1853 – The Great Indian Peninsula Railway opens the first passenger rail in India, from Bori Bunder to Thane. 1858 – The Wernerian Natural History Society, a former Scottish learned society, is dissolved. 1862 – American Civil War: Battle at Lee's Mills in Virginia. 1862 – American Civil War: The District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act, a bill ending slavery in the District of Columbia, becomes law. 1863 – American Civil War: During the Vicksburg Campaign, gunboats commanded by acting Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter run downriver past Confederate artillery batteries at Vicksburg. 1878 – The Senate of the Grand Duchy of Finland issues a declaration establishing a city of Kotka on the southern part islands from the old Kymi parish. 1881 – In Dodge City, Kansas, Bat Masterson fights his last gun battle. 1908 – Natural Bridges National Monument is established in Utah. 1910 – The oldest existing indoor ice hockey arena still used for the sport in the 21st century, Boston Arena, opens for the first time. 1912 – Harriet Quimby becomes the first woman to fly an airplane across the English Channel. 1917 – Russian Revolution: Vladimir Lenin returns to Petrograd, Russia, from exile in Switzerland. 1919 – Mohandas Gandhi organizes a day of "prayer and fasting" in response to the killing of Indian protesters in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre by the British colonial troops three days earlier. 1919 – Polish–Lithuanian War: The Polish Army launches the Vilna offensive to capture Vilnius in modern Lithuania. 1922 – The Treaty of Rapallo, pursuant to which Germany and the Soviet Union re-establish diplomatic relations, is signed. 1925 – During the Communist St Nedelya Church assault in Sofia, Bulgaria, 150 are killed and 500 are wounded.

[steliosagapitos]

~ "The Countess of Porto Hermoso's Emerald and Diamond Tiara. This tiara, made with a characteristic design of the Belle Époque, is packaged with 7 square-shaped cushion-cut Colombian emeralds, where 6 are arranged on the base and the remaining is placed in the center of the scroll motif, all studded with diamonds. Furthermore, the piece enjoys particular versatility, since it can be disassembled and worn as a brooch or a bracelet, where the latter can alternatively also be worn as a choker with an additional extension. The tiara was created in 1910 by the Marzo jewelers for Doña Maria del Carmen Domecq Nuñez de Villavicenzio, probably as a gift from her husband, Don Fernando Soto González de Aguillar, 4th Count of Puerto Hermoso, 8th Marquis of Arienzo, and 11th Marquis of Santaella. It is not clear what history the tiara had, because the sources are few and hardly reliable, however the main hypothesis assumes that the tiara was inherited by his son, Don Ignacio Soto y Domecq, 5th Count of Puerto Hermoso, 9th Marquis of Arienzo and XII Marquis of Santaella, who donated it to his wife, Doña Bentrán de Lis y Pidal. Upon Cristina's death, the tiara may have taken a different path, as it was presumably inherited by her daughter, Doña Monica de Soto Bentrán de Lis, who was married to Don Fernando Larios Fernandez de Bordoba, 17th Duke of Lerma, who is likely that they put the tiara up for sale in 2022 at Christie's where it was initially valued between €153,000 and €205,000, finally selling for around €233,000." ~

[scottsbifh]

Lerma is a village in the province of Burgos, part of the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It has important monuments dating from the 17th century, which were built by the Duke of Lerma. The village is home to the headquarters of the Spanish wine denominación de origen protegida Arlanza DOP -wikipedia

Palacio del Duque de Lerma, Lerma (Burgos)

Antonio Íñigo

[royaltyandpomp]

THE DUKE

Francisco de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma  (1553-1625)

[stephaniehasekisultan]

A few moments later:

[artthatgivesmefeelings]

Antonio Rodríguez Beltrán, attributed (Spanish, 1636-1691) María Luisa de Toledo e indígena, 1670 Museo Nacional del Prado

Doña María Luisa de Toledo y Carreto, Marquesa de Melgar de Fernamental, was the only daughter of Don Antonio Sebastián de Toledo Molina y Salazar, II Marquis de la Mancera and Viceroy of New Spain -between 1664 and 1673-, and of his first woman, D. Leonor de Carreto. And, therefore, she was also the granddaughter of another viceroy, in this case of Peru, D. Pedro de Toledo y Leiva, who held that position between 1639 and 1648. And also, she was the sister-in-law of a third viceroy, D. Gaspar de la Cerda y Sandoval, Count of Galve, her husband's brother, who held office in New Spain between 1688 and 1696. She was a great-great-granddaughter of the first Duke of Alba de Tormes, one of the leading noble houses in Spain, and her husband was the son of the Dukes of Pastrana and the Infantado, another of the main noble families. So, in her person, María Luisa combined an entire noble inheritance linked to some of the great Spanish aristocratic families and to the main positions in the American viceroyalties. She lived part of her childhood and adolescence in the city of Mexico, where, around 1670, she must have made this portrait of her. She returned to Spain, together with her father, in 1674.

She married Joseph de Silva, linking in this way with one of the most powerful houses in the Peninsula, which held the dukedoms of Pastrana, Infantado and Lerma among many other titles, although all of them were part of the inheritance of the eldest son, for which reason None of the consorts had, at the time of the marriage, a noble title. The title enjoyed by María Luisa and her husband, Marquises of Melgar de Fernamental, was granted as a marriage dowry by the Queen herself, Mariana of Austria, in the name of King Carlos II.

The dwarf woman who accompanies her would come from the Chichimeca area, due to the tattoos that adorn her. She has been represented wearing a long and straight huipil, which is superimposed over a green skirt or dress whose lower part protrudes from the previous one. The huipil has been arranged "a la española", that is to say, it seems to be cinched at the waist and has wide added sleeves and a bottom edge with an ova-shaped lace band. The presence of this small indigenous woman was highlighting the uniqueness and exoticism, and therefore the power and prestige of her family. The color of the complexion, the tattoo and even the type of clothing that the little woman wears reveal her connection with American places and the access that the protagonist of the canvas exhibited in relation to some networks of circulation of transoceanic goods and products. New Spain (modern day Mexico) came to be called Mexico in 1821, after the Mexican War of Independence. The viceroyalty was dissolved and the Mexican Empire was established.

[jasmineleeplays]

King Fernando's first son, Infante Jaime Fernandez of Leon has come of age and became a Fortune Builder (3rd Stewardship education trait). Although he has chosen to cope with stress by becoming Inappetetic (rejecting food). And finally, given his reaching of adulthood, Infante Jaime married Milia Bernaldez Quinones, the genius.

King Fernando's royal court is at level 8 and is now currently ranked 2nd in the world out of 79 other royal courts. We only lose out to Basileus Lazaros of the Byzantine Empire.

King Fernando is on the prowl for his new best friend, and settled on Baqi, who has a high stewardship education that he can synergise with to gain the 3 extra stewardship points. King Fernando decides to commission a small poem comparing his and Baqi's deeds, focusing especially on Baqi's accomplishments.

A Castillian mercenary band from Lerma in Burgos wishes to donate 50 gold to the crafting of King Fernando's crown to which King Fernando gladly accepts.

King Fernando's cousin and Master of the Horse, Duke Diego Elvirez of Beja decides to create a cadet house branch from the main Jimena dynasty, called House Hijar.

King Fernando finally becomes Baqi's friend but unfortunately cannot become Best Friends yet as there is a cooldown timer for the swearing of the unbreakable oath.

Finally the unveiling of the Jimena Crown brought much disappointment as it was revealed that the crown was only a normal Headgear rank and not a Masterwork, despite the fact the description calls it as "of masterful craftsmanship".

[maximumphilosopheranchor]

I do not think that the news of the Queen’s death is necessarily a bad thing, though I certainly wish that she had been converted first.

Isabel Clara Eugenia, Archduchess of Austria and the sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands, to the Duke of Lerma regarding the death of Elizabeth I of England. 16 April, 1603. Quoted in “Isabel Clara Eugenia: Daughter of the Spanish Empire” by Cristina Borreguero Beltrán in The Limits of Empire: European Imperial Formations in Early Modern World History by Tonio Andrade (ed.), William Reger (ed.)

Good to know that Isabel Clara Eugenia didn’t want Elizabeth to go to hell. :)

[artist-rubens]

Study for an Equestrian Portrait of the Duke of Lerma, 1603, Peter Paul Rubens

Medium: pen,ink,paper