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Reading, Writing, and the Great Outdoors: Frederick Gunn’s School Transforms Victorian-era Education
By Paula Gibson Krimsky
Frederick Gunn is recognized today not only as an abolitionist and educator but also as the “father of recreational camping” in the United States. In fact, for Gunn, these three passions were uniquely bound together in the school he founded in 1850. The founder’s name alone alerts the unfamiliar to the fact that The Gunnery is not a military school but an eponymous reflection of a man and his vision.
Frederick W. Gunn, ca. 1860s – The Gunnery Archive
Gunn, who had been traditionally educated and held a degree from Yale University, resisted the familiar establishment trappings of the Victorian period when he created his own school. Three pillars upheld his vision: the importance of building character, the need to abolish the institution of slavery in this country, and reverence for nature. These driving concerns melded into a core educational philosophy. Gunn not only believed that nature was an inherently wonderful teacher but that learning how to manage oneself outdoors was necessary preparation for the coming Civil War, which he predicted as the inevitable outcome of the abolition movement. To prepare his student body for such a future, Gunn led his them on long treks, in effect teaching young people how to survive on bivouac.
An Educator’s Education
Born on October 4, 1816, in Washington, Connecticut, Frederick William Gunn was the youngest of eight children. His father, a respected farmer and deputy sheriff, and his mother, a devout Christian, both died in his 10th year, leaving his oldest brother John to raise and educate the family. Young Fred grew up in Washington, a rural, farming community nestled in the foothills of the Berkshires about 15 miles south of Litchfield, which was a bustling center on the turnpike between Hartford and Albany, New York. He went to school in nearby Cornwall. Gunn entered Yale in the class of 1837 and majored in botany. New Haven, then a thriving port city on the Connecticut coast, held little allure for the student who yearned for the rolling hills and woods of his home town, some 40 miles north. Gunn, whose love of hunting and fishing would be life-long, made his own hunting bow in college, which, his students reported in The Master of the Gunnery(1887), was “a bow which none but he could fully draw.”
In 1837, he returned to Washington. Eschewing a doctor’s profession because of an unavoidable queasiness in the presence of blood and suffering, he began his career as schoolmaster in his home town in 1843. His popularity as an instructor is attested to by observations that his classrooms from 1837 to 1846 were “filled to overflowing.”
Gunn Pays Price for Endorsing the Abolition of Slavery
Despite early success, Gunn’s career path fell victim to the great national reform movement against slavery. Having been influenced by Theodore Woolsey (the Yale professor who taught him Greek), the writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Thomas Carlyle, and the work of his brother John in the abolitionist movement, Frederick became an outspoken leader for the antislavery cause in Litchfield County.
As was the case across much of New England, the Congregational Church served as the center of community activity and the social arbiter of the period. In Washington, Parson Gordon Hayes, an unabashed supporter of slavery, personified that role. He justified human bondage on biblical grounds and delivered sermons condemning the abolitionists. Under the cleric’s influence, Gunn’s teaching became anathema, and parents began withdrawing students from his classroom. It is said members of the community feared social and political ostracism, but, in fact, the abolitionist movement in New England of the 1840s was unpopular and regarded as radical.
When it became nearly impossible to earn his living as a schoolmaster, Gunn received an invitation from his friend Henry Booth in nearby Roxbury to teach at an academy in Towanda, Pennsylvania—a community more tolerant of abolitionist views. During this period of exile, nature remained Gunn’s salvation. He wrote to his fiancée, Abigail I. Brinsmade, back in Washington about taking his students to lie on roof tops and teaching them to identify the constellations in the starlit sky. His classes also took spring walks to identify early flowers and bird songs. In winter, they walked the local riverbed, identifying animal tracks and hibernation caves.
Gradually, the tide of public opinion in New England changed on the question of slavery. A homesick Frederick Gunn, now married to Abigail and father to his first child, quickly accepted the urgings of family and friends to come home to Washington, where they assured him he would be welcome. The Gunns returned to Connecticut in the summer of 1849.
The Gunnery Unites Nature and Education
This time, Gunn established a school in his own vision. In 1850, he and Abigail opened the doors to their rambling Victorian home on Washington’s hilltop Green (near the Congregational Church that had ostracized him almost a decade earlier) to about a dozen students. The students boarded at the Gunns and with other families in the neighborhood. From the beginning, girls were accepted as well as boys, although, until 1854, many of the girls chose to go to Judea Seminary, a girls’ school also on the Washington Green, run by Abigail’s sister Mary Brinsmade. In 1872 the first two of four Chinese boys came to The Gunnery under the auspices of the Chinese Educational Mission, which was based in Hartford. This began a long tradition of welcoming international students to the school.
Years later, in an 1877 speech to fellow educators, Gunn emphasized the importance of nature in promoting learning for boys and girls. “The ideal school, “ he said, “ is set in the country, or, if in the city, the generous city fathers have afforded it liberal space with trees and flowers.”
Gunn’s teaching methods proved to be well-suited to the temper of the times, and the school grew and prospered. He was an early proponent of physical exercise and sport as an integral part of the curriculum. He participated enthusiastically in student games of baseball, football, and shinny (a forerunner of hockey). Fishing and hunting, too, were as much a part of the school’s routines as the reciting of Latin verbs. Gunn was known to declare a holiday from class when the weather was particularly suitable and to lead his students on tramps through the woods and along the waterways, where he drew their attention to the wonders of nature hidden under the leaves and behind the hillocks.
Civil War-Inspired Training Evolves into Camping Movement
Frederick Gunn’s reputation as the founder of recreational camping emerged during the early 1860s, when he organized long marches for his students who then numbered about 30 boys and a dozen girls. In 1861, he led his first trek 30 miles from Washington to Welch’s Point at Milford, Connecticut, on Long Island Sound. The group camped there for 10 days, and amidst swimming and foraging, they performed military drills in preparation for service in the Union Army. The students called it “gypsying.”
Mr. Gunn (center) Girls’ camp, Milford, 1863 – The Gunnery Archive
Camping at Point Beautiful on Lake Waramaug, New Preston, ca. 1870s – The Gunnery Archive
The success of the Civil War era camps gave way to summer camps in the 1870s at Lake Waramaug, about seven miles north of The Gunnery. A letter, whose author and date are unknown, spoke of the preparations for the summer camp. The writer described camp tasks and activities, such as ball-games, swimming, hiking, fishing, and boating. He also wrote about the morning bugle call for the “Family Meeting” where Mr. Gunn would give advice and “cautions” for the coming day: “no swimming alone, the big boys to care for the younger ones, etc.” In the evening, they would sing “camp songs” with organ accompaniment played by Mr. Gunn.
The camps came to an end when the educational year began to change and a long school vacation in the summer replaced the winter respite. Mr. Gunn, who had turned many of his duties over to his eventual successor, continued to teach up to his death in 1881. His camping legacy was continued by his son-in-law John Brinsmade, who inherited the school, and has been supported by all subsequent headmasters.
Many of Mr. Gunn’s students formed their lives around his lessons and love of the outdoors. William Hamilton Gibson, Class of 1866, for example, became a prominent naturalist, author, and illustrator, known for his meticulous depiction of such natural phenomena as the bombardier beetle and the cross fertilization of plants by bees. Ehrick Rossiter, Class of 1870, became a renowned architect whose distinguishing characteristic was fitting his buildings into the landscape. Richard Burton, Class of 1876, became a well-known lecturer on natural wonders of the world, and A.S. Gregg Clarke, an 1870s graduate, went on to found a still-extant canoeing camp, Keewaydin, in Maine.
In 1986, the American Camping Association celebrated its 125th year by replicating the walk of Gunn and his students to Milford and holding a camp on the town’s Gulf Beach for 1,500 campers from around the world. In 2011, on the organization’s 150th anniversary, it officially recognized the organized camping movement in the United States as having begun in 1861 with Mr. Gunn’s camps in Milford. Today, The Gunnery continues to send its students on camping and hiking expeditions through the activities of its Outdoor Club and the Sophomore Saunter. It also commemorates its founder’s visionary educational philosophy with an annual all-school walk of about eight miles that takes place as close to Mr. Gunn’s October birthday as possible.
Paula Gibson Krimsky, whose great grandfather was a student of Frederick Gunn’s during this period, holds a BA in history from Smith College and is the archivist/historian at The Gunnery as well as its Associate Director of Communication.
from Connecticut History | a CTHumanities Project https://connecticuthistory.org/reading-writing-and-the-great-outdoors-frederick-gunns-school-transforms-victorian-era-education/
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Old endings and new beginnings
My dearest family, friends and readers
Now that my big journey to Rome really is coming closer, my feet are still permanently frozen from the Belgian cold and I’m trying to wait as long as I possibly can to start packing, I’ve figured it was about time to write a blog about my last 3 weeks in Sydney and my precious 2 weeks back in Belgium. I feel like I need this to really close the ‘Sydney’ chapter, allowing me to completely dive into what’s coming next.
The first weekend in Sydney without my parents and sister around me was all about relaxation. I really wanted to clear my mind, give my body a rest and mostly, not wander away with my thoughts. So, on Saturday, I enjoyed a yummy brunch - an enormous fruit plate and chamomile tea - at Bread&Circus with my roomie Froukje and our friend Jamie, who would leave for Adelaide the next day. Sometimes all a girl needs is a good breakfast and girl talk! Actually, that’s basically the only thing a girl ever needs, am I right?
In the afternoon, we joined Laura and Noëlle at Bondi Beach to enjoy the sun, the sea and some Dutch magazines Froukje had received. I remember the very first time I was in Bondi, and how I felt so sad I wasn’t able to share this Aussie gem with my parents and my sister. Now, I felt just as sad again, as if I was starting all over again. Luckily, a dip in the Bondi water literally washed my afternoon blues away. In the evening, (almost) all the Dutchies gathered in our room with tea and chocolate to watch ‘Gooische Vrouwen’. Froukje’s ex-stepmom had been so kind to put all the episodes of each season on her Dropbox, so I was finally introduced to some top-notch Dutch culture! And boy, did we laugh!
On Sunday, I went for an early work out - one of the only things that always help me to relax and unwind. Afterwards, I swapped my work out clothes for a towel and a bikini, and headed for Shark Beach! I choose to believe that it only has its name due to the gigantic shark net that’s stretching from one end of the water to the other, and not because of its appeal to crazy underwater creatures... It was difficult to find a spot, but eventually we managed to squeeze ourselves in between all the families who were enjoying their Sunday together. I really enjoyed looking at all those small kids having the time of their lives, and there was something quite magical about the glistening water that afternoon.
On Monday, the holidays were officially over and I was officially starting my very last two weeks of class. How crazy! Because of the fact that there was a huge amount of new students arriving and that not all the teachers were back from their own holiday time, a lot of our general classes were mixed up completely. They even put my class, for instance, a small level lower, which caused some frustration among us students. There’s nothing more annoying than wanting to give your best for the next two weeks, but being put in a class that’s just not right for you. Above all, our time schedules didn’t make any sense anymore, so we had to start or end at unreasonable hours. Anyway, my attendance was still very high, so I could allow myself to skip a few more classes. Shhh, don’t tell anyone I said that! It’s also really weird to see all those new students. They’re all staying for an equally long time as us, yet our stay is coming to an end and they’re about to start this wonderful journey. It’s crazy to hear how they have the same complaints, the same worries and the same excitement as we all had; yet we had all completely forgotten about those first weeks in Sydney! That evening, we headed to Crown Street to enjoy a drink in a cosy bar and to catch up with everyone about their holidays. Cheers to a new week!
On Tuesday, I went to Maroubra straight after school to hit the waves. I was feeling rather blue during the day, as I was having a really hard time now that my family wasn’t around anymore. I seriously hadn’t expected it to be that difficult. Anyway, I was more than excited to hit the waves. There’s nothing a little salt therapy can’t fix! We had to rent long wetsuits, because the water was full of dangerous blue bottlenose jellyfish. Luckily, we got out unscarred! We dried up on the beach, packed our stuff and treated ourselves to a smoothie. Fair to say that my bad mood had vanished completely!
On Wednesday, we ran away from the heat (39°C!) and sought refreshment at the Bondi Icebergs Pool. Swimming (with a view!) can seriously not get any better! Afterwards, we enjoyed some smashed avocado on toast and sweet potato fries for lunch. Not to bad for a Wednesday!
On Thursday, we went out for brunch at The Grounds of Alexandria, a Sydney must-visit café and garden. You had to wander through a maze of flowers and picturesque tables to order your brekkie. It’s difficult not to feel relaxed in this no-nonsense atmosphere!
On Friday morning, I went surfing at Maroubra again. This time, I was all by myself, but I didn’t really mind. It felt nice to just enjoy some me-time for a while. Unfortunately, the surf forecast wasn’t all too accurate and I was mostly waiting for a swell to actually allow me to catch some waves. Ah, it’s not all too bad to paddle out on a sunny day and wait endlessly, floating on a surfboard with your feet dipped in the warm water.
In the afternoon, I joined Chantal for some refreshing mocktails at the Rabbit Hole Tea. We were mostly talking about how difficult it was going to be to leave this city. For us, it really has started to feel more like a home than our own home countries ever had. I’m starting to get nostalgic!
Afterwards, we got a pedicure (including massage chairs, yes!) and enjoyed a big EF barbecue in Prince Alfred Park to welcome all the new students. In the evening, instead of going out, we decided to indulge ourselves in chocolate covered raisins and episodes of ‘Gooische Vrouwen’. Happy Friyay, everyone!
Saturday afternoon, we travelled to Lane Cove National Park for some kayaking along the river. I had forgotten how demanding it is, but it was pure bliss to glide along the calm water and enjoy the stunning and quiet views!
In the evening, we all went out to our favourite nightclub in Darling Harbour, enjoying a really nice girls night out together!
On Sunday, my arms were tired from the kayaking and my legs were tired from the dancing, so I took a nice and easy day at home for a change. Sweatpants, messy bun and Netflix calls for a perfect Sunday! On Monday, I went up to North Sydney again after school to eat lunch at Blues Point Reserve, a small green area with one of the best views over the Opera House and the Harbour Bridge. This view will never fail to amaze me!
In the evening, we went out for dinner at Grill’d, a place which serves relatively healthy burgers and too die for sweet potato fries. As a dessert, we treated ourselves to a few scoops of Gelato Messina ice cream. What were you saying about Monday blues?
On Tuesday, I went surfing again at - you’ve guessed it - Maroubra. I unfortunately didn’t last that long as the current was pushing me in all sorts of directions, which made it a lot more difficult. But hey, I still have a good 10 days to go before I leave, so plenty of time to surf! On Wednesday, it was time to get my tan on again, so we went to Balmoral Beach. It was a lot calmer than during the holiday period, so we almost had the entire beach to ourselves. By the afternoon, we were literally transformed into human sandcastles as the wind was constantly blowing sand all over the place, so we decided to head back home. I know, hard knock beach life.
The next two days were all about graduation. I had my final test on Thursday, which would assess how much I’ve learned and would mark my graduation certificate. On Friday, I had to collect my certificate and that’s that! My time at EF Sydney was officially over. How crazy it may feel, I do have the feeling that it has been just long enough. I’m totally ready for a change!
On Saturday, Froukje and I went to Philip Bay, a beach near the Port of Botany. It’s quite the sight to see all those industrial ships when you’re tanning on a peaceful beach!
In the evening, we headed to Darling Harbour again to go out, which would be my very last Saturday night out. I still don’t realise that all the things I’ve been doing the last couple of weeks revolve around ‘goodbyes’ and ‘last times’.
On Sunday, Froukje and I had to wake up painfully early, because we had to catch a bus at 8:30 to go SKYDIVING! I felt strangely calm to be honest, even though I was indeed going to jump out of an actual plane in less than 4 hours! But, it wasn’t all excitement and nerves that morning. I had woken up with the strangest, yet most painful ache in my right big toe. My foot was all swollen and red, I could barely move my toes and walking was a terrible ordeal. I had been having some aches in that area for a little week now, but it was the firs time it was literally becoming unbearable. Luckily, the painkillers I had made it a little better, so I was just going to wait and see. Back to the skydiving! We made it to Wollongong, a beautiful area an hour and a half drive south from Sydney, at around 11am. All the paperwork took an awful lot of time, so by the time we were assigned to put on all the necessary gear, it was almost 1PM. I got more nervous with each passing minute! At last, we finally had to mount a little minivan which would take us to the Wollongong Regional Airport. We went through the instructions over and over again before we headed inside the small airplane that was waiting for us. I couldn’t believe what was about to happen, at all! I was completely numb with nerves and excitement, but I couldn’t be happier at the same. After a good 10 minutes of flying, of comforting words and of gazing out of the window; the airplane door slid open and off we went! The minute my legs were dangling out of the airplane and into the open sky, it was as if all my worries and nerves vanished immediately. Before I knew it, we jumped out and I was tumbling around in free fall. I was completely weightless! Then, the parachute popped open and I could totally relax while enjoying the stunning aerial views over Wollongong. I seriously love every single minute of it. What a way to end my stay here in Australia!
By the end of the day, once we made it back home,the pain in my foot had worsened severely. I found no other option than to hurry to the nearest hospital, where I got taken care of rather quickly. After some blood tests and scans, they found out I have a form of ‘calcified tendonitis’ in my right big toe, which caused a mass of tendon to harden, inflame and put pressure on my joint and on my nerves. There was nothing I could do about it beside rest a lot, ice my foot and take enough anti-inflammatory medication. I was a little bummed out that this had to happen during my last week in Sydney, but hey, there are worse things in life! Now I can at least cross ‘walking on crutches’ of my list ;)
So, on Monday I literally stayed in bed all day and caught up on my movie list. I wasn’t used to being all by myself for so long, so I have to admit I felt more lonesome than I normally would in that kind of situation. Hopefully my foot is back to normal soon, so that I’m not glued to my bed during my last week in paradise! On Tuesday, I was already feeling a little bit better, so I was able to do some groceries by myself, which wasn’t as easy as I thought it would be. Luckily, I could rely on the Australian friendliness and much to my surprise, a lot of people volunteered to help me with my shopping! In the afternoon, my friends surprised me with Gelato Messina ice cream, which they went buying in the sweltering heat. It’s not so bad being injured after all! By the end of the day, I could properly walk on my foot again without it actively hurting, so I joined my friends to a birthday dinner without those horrible crutches! We went to the Soda Factory, a sort of hidden vintage diner which serves American style hot dogs and hamburgers. Above all, hot dogs are priced at $1 each Tuesday, so let’s say we had plenty enough to eat that evening.
On Wednesday, I was able to do some gentle Pilates exercises to get moving again without putting a lot of pressure on my foot. In the afternoon, we walked around the Sydney Festival, a huge series of events and installations scattered across the city during January, and walked ourselves dizzy in its House of Mirrors in Hyde Park. It’s a complicated labyrinth of mirrors which makes you so disillusioned it’s easier said than done to get out!
In the evening, I met up with Froukje to go to Little Bay Beach just the two of us. We had bought sushi, carrot sticks, a bottle of Coke Zero, strawberries and our favourite bar of chocolate to enjoy a ‘goodbye dinner’ with out feet in the sand. We both really needed to have a moment together, as we had become really close friends over the past months and saying goodbye was something we dreaded deeply. We laughed, talked, watched the beautiful sunset and lit a Thai wish ballon once the beach was covered in darkness. Here’s to a wonderful time in Sydney and an even more wonderful friend.
On Thursday, all of my friends had a day off from school as it was Australia Day, Australia’s national holiday! It’s a quite controversial date, as a lot of the indigenous people don’t feel comfortable with the fact it actually celebrates the day the English took over their land. So, we weren’t planning on celebrating it like crazy either, but we did wanted to taste the atmosphere a little. We headed to Parramatta Park, where there would be a little festival going on airing the Triple J’s hottest 100 music countdown. To our surprise, it felt more like a weird farm fare than like an festival celebrating the national holiday. After nibbling down some fish and chips, we headed back to the city, hoping there was going to be a bit more of a festive vibe. Once again, we were disappointed. Apart from a lot of people walking along the streets with the Australian flag on their cheeks, it was just normal day. But hey, not everyone is as crazy as the Dutch! In the evening, we went out for drinks with the girls at the Winery. Nothing better to end a day off with then some cosy drinks and girl talk! Cheers to Australia!
On Friday morning, I started packing my stuff. It was a real challenge to fit everything in, so by midday, I was a bundle of sweat and stress. How strange to realise I will no longer be the one crazy Belgian chick from room 10!
During the day, I had met up with someone interested in buying my surfboard, so it all really started to sink in that my time here in Sydney is coming to an end. In the afternoon, I had planned a tattoo appointment, but I ended up cancelling. It suddenly dawned on me that I wasn’t ready at all, and I attach too much meaning to the tattoo I was going to get that I don’t want to rush into it. I want to feel completely at ease with the idea behind the tattoo, and be able to practice it mindfully myself before I get it inked on my body. In the evening, we went looking for the little girls in us again at The Beach, a enormous ball pit of over one million white balls! It has been specially designed for the Sydney Festival, recreating a beach of pearly white sand. Let’s dive in!
The next morning, I woke up a little bit earlier to go for a morning swim at the North Sydney Olympic Pool. Nothing better to end my stay here than doing laps overlooking the sunny Harbour Bridge, right?
In the afternoon, we had one last get together with everyone I held dear and enjoyed a big barbecue in Moore Park. By late afternoon, I walked up the Moore Park hill one last time and overlooked the city, which was now slowly starting to be covered in golden rays of sunlight. And so, it was time to give everyone one last big hug, one last big smile and one last big wave goodbye.
Luckily, Froukje joined me all the way to the airport to help me with my luggage and keep me company until I really, really had to part ways. At last, I was all by myself again, killing time at an airport, just as I had been 4,5 months ago. Time’s a funny thing... During my good 24 hours of travel, I had enough time to reflect on the past months of my life. Tears flickered in my eyes as I was thinking about all the amazing and breathtaking things I’ve experienced; all the wonderful moments I have shared with people that ended up feeling more like family than like friends. I realised that by losing myself in an unknown city, surrounded by strangers at first, that I had found myself all at once. So thank you, to each and everyone of you back there in Sydney, who helped shape this into the most enjoyable experience anyone could dream of. I owe it all to you guys!
The minute the airplane landed in Belgium, I started crying uncontrollably. Seriously, I couldn’t possibly stop the tears from rolling down my cheeks. I don’t know what took over me, but everything felt so overwhelming. Leaving Sydney, leaving my friends; yet being back ‘home’ and having the anticipation of seeing my friends and family again. To my surprise, no one really did anything. No one asked me if I was alright, if I needed help. I just know that if this would have happened down under, a million strangers would have been ready to at least ask me if I was okay. Yep, I’m back in Belgium, that’s for sure! My sadness about leaving Sydney soon vanished as I made my way through the arrivals hall; where I saw my parents, my grandparents, my sister and a lot of my closest friends waiting for me. I couldn’t have wished for a warmer welcome!
So, in summary, my past two weeks here have been more than perfect. I have spent a lot of time catching up with friends, enjoyed relaxing at home and sought comfort in the company of my family. Now, my knees are shaky and my suitcases are packed once again. I feels as if leaving has never been this hard. My mind is overflowing with worries about the new adventure that’s waiting for me in Rome, which clouds my excitement. It’s like I have forgotten how smoothly everything in Sydney went! I just simply can’t imagine I’ll be falling in love with Rome soon. I just have to find my courage again and I bet I’ll be having a blast! Well, you know what they say: “How lucky I am having something that makes saying goodbye so hard.” Here’s to a beautiful ending and a beautiful new beginning!
With love,
Marie
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Best known as a ferry terminal, Cherbourg-Octeville has more ropes: The Cité de la Mer museum, for example, will take you back to the golden age of transatlantic travel and is housed in a cavernous Art Deco ocean liner terminal.
Cherbourg also has the largest man-made harbor in the world, taking seven decades to complete and still guarded by sea forts at its entrance. Combining this with the solid Roule Hill and the town carries a harsh military atmosphere, but has a more peaceful side. The Cotentin Peninsula is a verdant chequerboard of apple orchards, cider presses, and châteaux with landscaped gardens. Discover the best things to do in Cherbourg-Octeville.
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1. La Cité de la Mer
Cherbourg’s showpiece is this great science and history museum inside the harbor’s former Transatlantic maritime terminal. This 240-meter-long Art Deco hall was finished in 1928 and in its time was full of amenities including its own post office.
The museum opened in 2002 and draws on its legacy. There was a space reserved for the Titanic, called into Cherbourg five days before it sank.
And on the military side of things you can board France’s first nuclear submarine, Le Redoutable, launched in 1967. Children will also be wild for aquariums, with 17 tanks (including the tallest European tank) containing 4,000 marine creatures.
2. Rade de Cherbourg
Anyone fascinated by seafaring will want to see more of the largest man-made harbor in the world. This was announced in 1853, after 70 years of working on a scale far beyond any other project in an era other than the construction of St Petersburg.
In July and August, there are four hours a day aboard the 82-seater Adèle. This boat departs from the Pont Tournant and makes a pick-up at the La Cité de la Mer, before sailing off into the 1,500-hectare harbor.
You’ll see the kilometers of seawalls and three fortresses, all the while getting amazing facts and figures about this record-breaking site.
3. Musée Thomas-Henry
Housed in a purpose-built gallery, the Cherbourg Canh Fine Arts Museum features a formidable painting from the 15th to the 19th centuries. The museum's patron in the 19th century was art patron Thomas Henry, who donated a collection including Murillo, Jacob Jordaens, Rigaud, Muffin, and Vouet.
A young Jean-François Millet, later of Barbizon School, came to paint these paintings. Years later, the museum acquired Millet's second-largest work, after Musée dieuOrsay in Paris. Also from the 19th century are sublime pieces by Boudin, Théodore Rousseau, and the Impressionist Paul Signac.
4. Parc Emmanuel Liais
Emmanuel Liais was the mayor of Cherbourg twice until the end of his life, but before that, he had learned everything from discovery to astronomy to botany. During his travels through Brazil and the Far East, he collected samples that he brought back to Cherbourg.
Many of the 400 plant species in the greenhouses at this botanical garden descend from these expeditions. The garden is free and is less than a 10-minute walk from Pont Tournable.
You can get acquainted with exotic species like African Encephalartos, have edible stems and can live for 1,000 years. Outside there are rhododendrons, palms, and a stunning Monterey cypress.
5. Basilique Sainte-Trinité
Among Cherbourg’s oldest buildings in this 15th-century church, which has seen a lot of conflict in its time. The church’s predecessor was destroyed in the 100 Years’ War, while this one needed a lot of reconstruction after being sacked during the Revolution.
When it was restored at the beginning of the 19th century it became one of France’s first Neo-Gothic churches. From Place Napoleon, you can explore impressive famous churches and carved churches.
Then inside there are very unusual reliefs above the arcades in the nave, which were carved in the 1400s and portray a Danse Macabre in memory of the plagues that had recently swept the region.
6. Musée de la Libération
Atop the Montagne du Roule, the highest point in the town is a museum dealing with the liberation of Cherbourg, which took place on 25 June 1944.
The site, 117 meters above the Channel, adds a lot to the attraction: The museum is in a fortress from the rule of Napoleon III, built at a time of raised tensions between Britain and France, and later fortified by the Germans who excavated tunnels in the hill.
The inner galleries recount life in Cherbourg during the war, as well as the events of June 1944 when it became the first major French port to be liberated by the Allies. As you leave the museum you’ll be confronted by a wonderful panorama of the historic harbor.
7. Batterie du Roule
The system of tunnels dug by the Germans under the fort is open to the public on a guided tour arranged by Cherbourg’s tourist office. You’ll don a hard hat with a headlamp and go into a network of chambers excavated to serve the heavy artillery installed here to defend the harbor.
The battery was classed as a French historic monument in 1995, and the reinforced concrete openings still look impenetrable more than 70 years after they were built. As you explore the tunnels you’ll be able to see bats hanging from the ceilings.
8. Parc du Château des Ravalet
On the eastern outskirts of Cherbourg, is an interesting Renaissance hotel on the picturesque campus. The Château was built between 1562 and 1575 using alluring blue schist for its material. This house is private but is not open on French heritage days many times a year.
The rest of the time it sets the scene for the gardens, which are open all year round and recognized as a “jardin remarquable”. The gardens as they appear now were landscaped in 1872, with winding paths, centuries-old trees, two ponds, a grotto, and an exquisite 19th-century greenhouse.
9. Local Gardens
Given the abundance of greenery on the Cotentin Peninsula you could spend a day hopping from one show garden to the next. Moments from Cherbourg are Renaissance Château de Nacquevill, with an English garden landscaped in a small niche with azaleas, fragrant flowers and a view of the ocean.
Meanwhile, Château de Vauville has a botanical garden with 1,200 different species from the southern hemisphere. These subtropical ferns, palms, and colorful flowers are nourished by a balmy microclimate and contrast with the dignified stone architecture of the castle.
10. Beaches
Cherbourg isn’t famed for its beaches, and a lot of the neighboring coast is windswept and wild. But on hot days there are a few bays not far away. Querqueville on the west side of the giant harbor wall of Cherbourg is the nearest family beach: This is a long sandy bay with playgrounds for youngsters, a bar and a restaurant.
You have to go a little further for the best in the area, Plage de Scioto. But a 20-minute drive is worth it, as this is a Blue Flag beach in a cinematic natural environment. There’s low, rolling surf that is monitored by lifeguards in summer and a generous sweep of golden sand to relax and play on.
More ideals for you: Top 10 things to do in Annemasse
From : https://wikitopx.com/travel/top-10-things-to-do-in-cherbourg-octeville-708169.html
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