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May 4th @racehmp. Come on out. • • • #Race #Oval #OvalRace #LateModel #Dwarf #Legacy #StockCar #Racing #Left #Turn #Only #Offset #Sideways #SecrestRacing #CS00 #CS51 #BB14 #AM77 #Houston #Texas #Saturday #Night @cordellsecrest @angelomoranti @velocityformula @red_bull_armor @squeezebrake (at Houston, Texas) https://www.instagram.com/p/Bw06xykgako/?igshid=1jifng31fggd4
#race#oval#ovalrace#latemodel#dwarf#legacy#stockcar#racing#left#turn#only#offset#sideways#secrestracing#cs00#cs51#bb14#am77#houston#texas#saturday#night
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🛫 Слетал сегодня Цюрих-Прага-Цюрих, взглянув на Bombardier C-Series глазами пилотов. Фантастический кокпит! На фото - заход в Цюрихе. Видео и фото coming soon. #pilotsviews #piloteyes #pilotslife #airbaltic #cseries #Bombardier #BombardierCS100 #CS00 #bombardieraerospace #planelovers #cockpit #flightdeck #avionics #megaplane #aviationzone24 #aviationtopia #airplanelovers101 #aviationdaily #avgeek #planeporn #avgeek #avnerd #avporn @Megaplane #Airplanes1001 #AviationPhotography #megaplane #airplanefromtheworld #Aviation4u (at Zürich Airport)
#pilotslife#pilotsviews#cockpit#planeporn#avgeek#bombardier#aviationdaily#piloteyes#airbaltic#bombardiercs100#cs00#aviation4u#aviationtopia#airplanes1001#cseries#avnerd#airplanefromtheworld#airplanelovers101#aviationphotography#bombardieraerospace#avionics#planelovers#aviationzone24#flightdeck#megaplane#avporn
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入会した。 https://www.instagram.com/p/CS00-b0LVxt/?utm_medium=tumblr
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DC Motor Control Programming Algorithm
PWM on Arduino
• R1 is used so that when the controller voltage is 0 then the gate voltage (VG) is actually 0 • If there is no R1 then logic floats and the mosfet remains active (Closed) • In this circuit the problem occurs when the motor stops, the IMF back current will hit the mosfet, making it dangerous for the mosfet. • To overcome this we use R2 and R1 as above • In addition, using a flyback diode if back IMF occurs, the current will be returned to the motor
PWM is a method used to adjust the pulse width of HIGH and LOW signals. The ratio between high and low pulse widths is commonly referred to as a Duty Cycle.
Duty Cycle formula = tON / (tON + tOFF) Information : • tON (HIGH signal) • tOFF (Signal LOW) Arduino coding
Coding Explanation • Int PWM_pin = 9; Declare that the value of the variable "PWM_pin" is an integer and is linked to pin D9. • Then in the Void setup there is coding "pinMode (PWM_pin, OUTPUT)" identifying that pin D9 is used as an OUTPUT. • Mean 100 on the Void loop = "analogWrite (PWM_pin, 100)" is the pulse rate High value is 100 from the maximum value 255.
Full Bridge or H Bridge circuit
This H Bridge circuit is commonly used to regulate motor speed as well as regulate the direction of motor rotation (clockwise or counterclockwise). • Pins 9 & 10 are PWM pins • In this circuit, you can only activate one PWM pin (9 or 10, choose one) and you cannot activate S1 and S3 simultaneously. This is because it can cause a short circuit. • So when S0 (PWM) and S3 are active, the motor rotation is clockwise • But if S2 (PWM) and S1 are active, the motor rotation is counterclockwise. • When we want to brake / lock the motor, we deactivate S0 & S2 and activate S1 & S3 so that the motor is connected to ground. Arduino Coding For H Bridge Circuits
Clockwise Counterclockwise
Explanation of Void Loop Coding • The first coding on the void loop shows that "analogWrite (S0,100)" means the PWM value on S0 is 100 out of a maximum value of 255. • Then "digitalWrite (S1, LOW) and digitalWrite (S3, HIGH)" means S1 is off and S3 is active. • Next to "analogWrite (S2,0)" the meaning is that the PWM value on S2 is 0 or S2 is inactive. • To reverse the direction of the motor rotation, we just need to reverse which of the active pins, namely S0 and S3 or S2 and S1
PWM At ATMEGA 328
At ATMEGA 328 we can decide to use Fast PWM or Phase Correct PWM with the following formula:
Information : • Fosc = oscillator frequency or crystal frequency obtained from ATMEGA 328 Datasheet N = Presceler or divider (set in coding)
• Using Fast PWM and Phase correct PWM on timer 0 cannot adjust the frequency (F) freely. • From the equation above, it can be seen that the highest frequency is obtained when the presceler (N) = 1 and the smallest frequency when N = 1024.
Difference of Fast PWM signal and Phase Correct PWM Fast PWM Phase Correct
• When the white line is above line A or B it will form a HIGH signal and vice versa when the white line is below line A or B it will form a LOW signal. • The longer the white line is above the A or B line, the longer the HIGH signal will be • Based on the equation F = 1 / T, it can be seen that the Phase Correct PWM signal (Right) has a smaller frequency value • However, Phase Correct PWM, the stress of the PWM signal is higher because it is compared to a number of two times
Specifies the PWM operation mode and TOP Value • To determine the PWM (Fast PWM or Phase Correct PWM) operating mode we need to use a register. • ATMEGA 328 is an 8 Bit microcontroller, namely 0 to 7 • We can set the register bit 0-7 by entering the binary code 0 or 1
The way to read the table is, Suppose we set the coding value WMGM00 = 1 and WGM01 = 1 then: • The mode of operation is Fast PWM • Top is the maximum bit value that is "OxFF" where FF is a hexa decimal number when converted to decimal is 255.
Then to determine whether to use an inverting or non-inverting mode
The way to read the table is, Suppose we set the coding value COM0A1 = 1 and COM0A0 = 1 then we use inverting mode.
Determine the Presceller Value (N)
• To be able to set the frequency with the presceler, we use the Register Timer 0 - TCCR0B • To set the N value, we just need to enter the coding values CS00, CSO1, and CS02 as in the table.
Case study
Coding on Arduino
Difference between inverter and non-inverter signals
• The purpose of the inverter is to reverse while the non-inverter does not • So if we set, for example, the duty cycle of the Non - Inverter signal is 60%, then the pulse width is High a
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Vinil de 1988, de Roberto Carlos. Na bateria, na maior parte das músicas desse disco está Jeff Porcaro, fundador da banda Toto (morreu em 1992), e Abraham Laboriel no baixo, pai do baterista da banda de Paul McCartney nos dias atuais, Abe Laboriel Jr. Outro destaque: Roberto gravou a música Toda Vã Filosofia, de Guilherme Aranyes. #robertocarlos #vinil #abelaborieljr #vinyl #guilhermearantes (em Mossoró) https://www.instagram.com/p/CBS9k5YJ8rNaFCXr6Z2WefyQ68Xy6VBc7u-CS00/?igshid=cr3jj827setj
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at The Kerry Hall https://www.instagram.com/p/BygolvIj0FUQwYzrde_vp6fYns2pUKHggh-CS00/?igshid=1mrahpaj7sbir
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Welcoming my second trimester by being pulled out thrice before my three days off 🤬 might not be the season of admission 🤣 #BakitBaAkoNagingNurse (at Saudi German Hospital - Jeddah KSA) https://www.instagram.com/p/BteqW8ZgSSkMnnEYXGgDqizNxNrKdMlSWy-cs00/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=sjso0zielv4w
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Share CLOCK 7SEG sử dụng ATMEGA16, full code C use Codevision, demo use PROTEUS 8.5
CLOCK 7SEG sử dụng ATMEGA16
+ File full code và mô phỏng ở cuồi bài.Lưu ý, mô phỏng dùng Proteus 8.5
- Sử dụng 3 phím SETTING, UP, DOWN để điều chỉnh giờ.
+ Nhấn SETTING lần thứ nhất để chỉnh giờ, lần 2 để chỉnh phút. dùng phím UP, DOWN để di chuyển giữa 2 đơn vị GIỜ và PHÚT.
CHÚ Ý: Khi nhấn SETTING hay di chuyển giữa các đơn vị bằng UP or DOWN các bạn sẽ ko thấy các đơn vị nhấp nháy ( mình chưa sửa phần này), vì thế các bạn lưu ý nhớ số lần nhấn nút.
CODE C
/******************************************************* https://ift.tt/2V4fmVEDate : 21-Apr-2016Author : EDIT by Nguyen Van Thuan Chip type : ATmega16Program type : ApplicationAVR Core Clock frequency: 4.000000 MHzMemory model : SmallExternal RAM size : 0Data Stack size : 256*******************************************************/ #include <mega16.h>#include <delay.h>#include <i2c.h>#include <ds1307.h>#include <stdlib.h>//#define SET PINB.3;//#define UP PINB.5;//#define DOWN PINB.7; unsigned char flash maled[10] = {0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90};unsigned char set;unsigned char gio,phut,giay;unsigned char a=0;void hienthi(){ PORTD = 0x01; PORTC = maled[gio/10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; PORTD = 0x02; PORTC = maled[gio%10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; PORTD = 0x04; PORTC = maled[phut/10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; PORTD = 0x08; PORTC = maled[phut%10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; PORTD = 0x10; PORTC = maled[giay/10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; PORTD = 0x20; PORTC = maled[giay%10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; }void caidat(){ if(PINB.3==0) { a=1; set++; if(set>2) { set=0; a=0; } while(PINB.3==0); } if(set==1) { if(PINB.5==0) { gio++; if(gio==24) gio=0; while(PINB.5==0); { rtc_set_time(gio,phut,giay); } } if(PINB.7==0) { gio--; if (gio==255) gio=23; while (PINB.7==0); { rtc_set_time(gio,phut,giay); } } PORTD = 0x01; PORTC = maled[gio/10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; PORTD = 0x02; PORTC = maled[gio%10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; } if (set==2) { if (PINB.5==0) { phut++; if (phut>59) phut=0; while(PINB.5==0); { rtc_set_time(gio,phut,giay); } } if (PINB.7==0) { phut--; if (phut==255) phut=59; while (PINB.7==0); { rtc_set_time(gio,phut,giay); } } PORTD = 0x04; PORTC = maled[phut/10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; PORTD = 0x08; PORTC = maled[phut%10]; delay_us(300); PORTC = 255; } } void main(void){// Declare your local variables here // Input/Output Ports initialization// Port A initialization// Function: Bit7=Out Bit6=Out Bit5=Out Bit4=Out Bit3=Out Bit2=Out Bit1=Out Bit0=Out DDRA=(1<<DDA7) | (1<<DDA6) | (1<<DDA5) | (1<<DDA4) | (1<<DDA3) | (1<<DDA2) | (1<<DDA1) | (1<<DDA0);// State: Bit7=0 Bit6=0 Bit5=0 Bit4=0 Bit3=0 Bit2=0 Bit1=0 Bit0=0 PORTA=(0<<PORTA7) | (0<<PORTA6) | (0<<PORTA5) | (0<<PORTA4) | (0<<PORTA3) | (0<<PORTA2) | (0<<PORTA1) | (0<<PORTA0); // Port B initialization// Function: Bit7=Out Bit6=Out Bit5=Out Bit4=Out Bit3=Out Bit2=Out Bit1=Out Bit0=Out DDRB=(1<<DDB7) | (1<<DDB6) | (1<<DDB5) | (1<<DDB4) | (1<<DDB3) | (1<<DDB2) | (1<<DDB1) | (1<<DDB0);// State: Bit7=0 Bit6=0 Bit5=0 Bit4=0 Bit3=0 Bit2=0 Bit1=0 Bit0=0 PORTB=(1<<PORTB7) | (0<<PORTB6) | (5<<PORTB5) | (0<<PORTB4) | (1<<PORTB3) | (0<<PORTB2) | (0<<PORTB1) | (0<<PORTB0); // Port C initialization// Function: Bit7=Out Bit6=Out Bit5=Out Bit4=Out Bit3=Out Bit2=Out Bit1=Out Bit0=Out DDRC=(1<<DDC7) | (1<<DDC6) | (1<<DDC5) | (1<<DDC4) | (1<<DDC3) | (1<<DDC2) | (1<<DDC1) | (1<<DDC0);// State: Bit7=0 Bit6=0 Bit5=0 Bit4=0 Bit3=0 Bit2=0 Bit1=0 Bit0=0 PORTC=(0<<PORTC7) | (0<<PORTC6) | (0<<PORTC5) | (0<<PORTC4) | (0<<PORTC3) | (0<<PORTC2) | (0<<PORTC1) | (0<<PORTC0); // Port D initialization// Function: Bit7=Out Bit6=Out Bit5=Out Bit4=Out Bit3=Out Bit2=Out Bit1=Out Bit0=Out DDRD=(1<<DDD7) | (1<<DDD6) | (1<<DDD5) | (1<<DDD4) | (1<<DDD3) | (1<<DDD2) | (1<<DDD1) | (1<<DDD0);// State: Bit7=0 Bit6=0 Bit5=0 Bit4=0 Bit3=0 Bit2=0 Bit1=0 Bit0=0 PORTD=(0<<PORTD7) | (0<<PORTD6) | (0<<PORTD5) | (0<<PORTD4) | (0<<PORTD3) | (0<<PORTD2) | (0<<PORTD1) | (0<<PORTD0); // Timer/Counter 0 initialization// Clock source: System Clock// Clock value: Timer 0 Stopped// Mode: Normal top=0xFF// OC0 output: DisconnectedTCCR0=(0<<WGM00) | (0<<COM01) | (0<<COM00) | (0<<WGM01) | (0<<CS02) | (0<<CS01) | (0<<CS00);TCNT0=0x00;OCR0=0x00; // Timer/Counter 1 initialization// Clock source: System Clock// Clock value: Timer1 Stopped// Mode: Normal top=0xFFFF// OC1A output: Disconnected// OC1B output: Disconnected// Noise Canceler: Off// Input Capture on Falling Edge// Timer1 Overflow Interrupt: Off// Input Capture Interrupt: Off// Compare A Match Interrupt: Off// Compare B Match Interrupt: OffTCCR1A=(0<<COM1A1) | (0<<COM1A0) | (0<<COM1B1) | (0<<COM1B0) | (0<<WGM11) | (0<<WGM10);TCCR1B=(0<<ICNC1) | (0<<ICES1) | (0<<WGM13) | (0<<WGM12) | (0<<CS12) | (0<<CS11) | (0<<CS10);TCNT1H=0x00;TCNT1L=0x00;ICR1H=0x00;ICR1L=0x00;OCR1AH=0x00;OCR1AL=0x00;OCR1BH=0x00;OCR1BL=0x00; // Timer/Counter 2 initialization// Clock source: System Clock// Clock value: Timer2 Stopped// Mode: Normal top=0xFF// OC2 output: DisconnectedASSR=0<<AS2;TCCR2=(0<<PWM2) | (0<<COM21) | (0<<COM20) | (0<<CTC2) | (0<<CS22) | (0<<CS21) | (0<<CS20);TCNT2=0x00;OCR2=0x00; // Timer(s)/Counter(s) Interrupt(s) initializationTIMSK=(0<<OCIE2) | (0<<TOIE2) | (0<<TICIE1) | (0<<OCIE1A) | (0<<OCIE1B) | (0<<TOIE1) | (0<<OCIE0) | (0<<TOIE0); // External Interrupt(s) initialization// INT0: Off// INT1: Off// INT2: OffMCUCR=(0<<ISC11) | (0<<ISC10) | (0<<ISC01) | (0<<ISC00);MCUCSR=(0<<ISC2); // USART initialization// USART disabledUCSRB=(0<<RXCIE) | (0<<TXCIE) | (0<<UDRIE) | (0<<RXEN) | (0<<TXEN) | (0<<UCSZ2) | (0<<RXB8) | (0<<TXB8); // Analog Comparator initialization// Analog Comparator: Off// The Analog Comparator's positive input is// connected to the AIN0 pin// The Analog Comparator's negative input is// connected to the AIN1 pinACSR=(1<<ACD) | (0<<ACBG) | (0<<ACO) | (0<<ACI) | (0<<ACIE) | (0<<ACIC) | (0<<ACIS1) | (0<<ACIS0);SFIOR=(0<<ACME); // ADC initialization// ADC disabledADCSRA=(0<<ADEN) | (0<<ADSC) | (0<<ADATE) | (0<<ADIF) | (0<<ADIE) | (0<<ADPS2) | (0<<ADPS1) | (0<<ADPS0); // SPI initialization// SPI disabledSPCR=(0<<SPIE) | (0<<SPE) | (0<<DORD) | (0<<MSTR) | (0<<CPOL) | (0<<CPHA) | (0<<SPR1) | (0<<SPR0); // TWI initialization// TWI disabledTWCR=(0<<TWEA) | (0<<TWSTA) | (0<<TWSTO) | (0<<TWEN) | (0<<TWIE); // Bit-Banged I2C Bus initialization// I2C Port: PORTB// I2C SDA bit: 1// I2C SCL bit: 0// Bit Rate: 100 kHz// Note: I2C settings are specified in the// Project|Configure|C Compiler|Libraries|I2C menu.i2c_init(); // DS1307 Real Time Clock initialization// Square wave output on pin SQW/OUT: On// Square wave frequency: 1Hzrtc_init(0,1,0);MCUCSR = (1<<JTD);MCUCSR = (1<<JTD);//rtc_set_time(8,37,11);PORTD = 0x20; while (1) { // Place your code here rtc_get_time(&gio,&phut,&giay); hienthi(); caidat(); }}
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NỘI DUNG BẠN CẦN ẨN
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Prep continues for #MayThe4th #LateModel #Race @racehmp! • • • #Houston #Texas #Sunny #Saturday #Night #StockCar #RaceCar #Oval #OvalCar #LateModel #Speed #Passion #Sport #Chevy #BigBlock #MonteCarlo #CS00 #CS51 #SecrestRacing (at Cypress, Texas) https://www.instagram.com/p/BwyYhJxAND5/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1cpnewfjlmdbv
#maythe4th#latemodel#race#houston#texas#sunny#saturday#night#stockcar#racecar#oval#ovalcar#speed#passion#sport#chevy#bigblock#montecarlo#cs00#cs51#secrestracing
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👨✈️✈️ ❤️ГЛАЗАМИ ПИЛОТА SWISS🇨🇭 Добро пожаловать в кабину пилотов самого современного регионального самолета - Bombardier С-Series авиакомпании SWISS! Я уже неоднократно писал об этом самолете с точки зрения пассажира, у C-Series светлый, яркий и просторный салон, большие багажные полки, а сам самолет тихий и комфортный. С точки зрения споттера его формы бескомпромиссно притягиваю взгляд и объектив фотоаппарата. В настоящий момент это, наверное, мой любимый самолет в принципе. Контрольный пакет акций программы C-Series осенью прошлого года приобрел концерн Airbus, в настоящий момент завершаются процессуальные вопросы этой сделки и уже в конце текущего года C-Series будет интегрирован в линейку продуктов Airbus, как с маркетинговой, так и с операционно-технической сторон. . Сегодня я предлагаю вам заглянуть в кабину пилотов и посмотреть как проходит рабочий день в компании c КВС Свеном Талером (Sven Thaler) и вторым пилотом Давидом Роймером (David Raumer). Свен является заместителем летного директора C-Series в авиакомпании SWISS, я познакомился с ним в Монреале на заводе Bombardier и, спустя какое-то время, после всех необходимых согласований, провел с ним интересенейший летный день. Мы совершим четыре сегмента: Цюрих-Прага-Цюрих и Цюрих-Берлин-Цюрих. . А начнем мы с брифинга пилотов авиакомпании в с SWISS Operations Center, здание которого находится совсем рядом со основным терминалом аэропорта в Цюрихе. . 👉 👉 👉 📷 БОЛЬШОЙ РЕПОРТАЖ И 90+ ФОТО В 2х ЧАСТЯХ В БЛОГЕ Ссылка в профиле. . . . . #pilotsviews #piloteyes #pilotslife #cseries #Bombardier #CS100 #CS00 #bombardieraerospace #planelovers #cockpit #flightdeck #avionics #megaplane #aviationzone24 #aviationtopia #airplanelovers101 #aviationdaily @Megaplane #Airplanes1001 #AviationPhotography #aviationdaily #avgeek #planeporn #avgeek #Airplanes1001 #avherald @simply_aviation #instagramaviation #flyswiss #inlovewithswitzerland #myswitzerlandru #люблюшвейцарию #myswitzerland @pilotsviews . (at Zürich Airport)
#aviationzone24#aviationphotography#airplanelovers101#planeporn#bombardier#flightdeck#flyswiss#piloteyes#pilotslife#pilotsviews#cs100#cseries#airplanes1001#planelovers#aviationtopia#inlovewithswitzerland#avherald#avgeek#myswitzerlandru#люблюшвейцарию#cs00#bombardieraerospace#cockpit#megaplane#myswitzerland#instagramaviation#aviationdaily#avionics
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#CS00 #CS51 #LateModel #NewNew #New #Numbers #Digits #StockCar #Houston #Texas #Oval #Track #Racing #SecrestRacing (at Houston Motorsports Park) https://www.instagram.com/p/BwtuZiagNbpef3GVkef-a4aTFAqukb9fwAY7Vk0/?igshid=bf257vhv8s5o
#cs00#cs51#latemodel#newnew#new#numbers#digits#stockcar#houston#texas#oval#track#racing#secrestracing
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#CS00 #CS51 #LateModel #NewNew #New #Numbers #Digits #StockCar #Houston #Texas #Oval #Track #Racing #SecrestRacing (at Houston Motorsports Park) https://www.instagram.com/p/BwtuZiagNbpef3GVkef-a4aTFAqukb9fwAY7Vk0/?igshid=bf257vhv8s5o
#cs00#cs51#latemodel#newnew#new#numbers#digits#stockcar#houston#texas#oval#track#racing#secrestracing
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