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petshopfox · 7 years ago

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Pet Shop Boys - West End Girls

Unreal City, under the brown fog of a winter dawn. Earth hath not anything to show more fair. Dirty old river, must you keep rolling, flowing on into the night. London – the lifeblood of the country and the vampire that sucks it back up.

Among other teenage favourites such as George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty Four and the Guinness Book of British Hit Singles, the Eyewitness Guide to London was a library staple. Before the age of seventeen I never made the trip on the route of the Flying Scotsman down to King’s Cross; in fact, bar a school coach trip to Dover en route to France, I’d never been further south than Matlock. But there I was, lying on my bed, fitting Monopoly streets into the A to Z, memorising the names of the boroughs and their railway stations. I was doing what probably thousands if not millions of ‘provincial’ Britons had done before me, embarking on a love-hate relationship with a city I’d never seen.

I finally made the journey on a school trip in 1998. The A-level art students headed off to the National Gallery; I visited UCL with a friend, had a slice of overpriced pizza for lunch in Leicester Square, then reconvened with the English lit students to see Othello at the National. It was sticky hot, and I felt disappointed for most of the time. It was almost worse to come to London for one day, and not get to do or see any of the things on my list, than never go at all. The schedule was so overdetermined I had no time to gawp at the tube posters or read the blue plaques, no time to catch myself realising I’d jumped through the rabbit hole into Wonderland. But then, post-play, we had to cross Waterloo Bridge. The skyline shimmered into focus, St Paul’s ghostly with floodlight, the river lapping against the Embankment. I’ll be back, I said to myself, and a blood-rush flushed me all over. London isn’t a city of instant epiphanies. You don’t see it and die; it can be ugly and gawky, ill-assembled and unphotogenic. But there are always clicks; joints snapping into place; gear shifts. That moment on the bridge was one such: like a photographic print gradually darkening in the developing fluid, London was emerging.

Listen carefully to the opening of ‘West End Girls’ and this is exactly what you hear: London flickering into life, beginning to glitter through the fog. It’s morning, and someone walks into the light from the Paddington concourse. Their heels take to the wet pavement, and their heart beats faster as they scour the street for a taxi. The pulse begins to assert itself, and then the synth string chords – those chords – dark, cool and grand, clean and sleek as a black cab. And a pause, ever so slight, before the new arrival decides to walk; to take in the rush on foot, buoyed airily by the Pet Shop Boys’ smooth minimalism, slinking through the crowds. It’s all there in the video, as a rapid montage of random faces gives way to Neil and Chris, who take to their heels in a vaporous, ghostly Soho, like sombre night-watchmen coming off shift. ‘West End Girls’ is the sound of London settling into focus. Eight million people waking up to the distant rumble of tubes and screech of buses; eight million people rubbing their eyes as the greatest synth bassline in eighties pop music rings out from their clock radios.

It must have been quite an awakening, back then in 1985. It seemed to arrive fully-formed; not just a song, but an aesthetic (though the original Bobby Orlando version from the previous year proves how crucial Stephen Hague was in realising the song’s latent atmospheres). This was not the barroom and dog-track London of Ian Dury, nor was it the hazy, romanticised cityscape of The Kinks. Tennant and Lowe are, of course, northerners, and thus outsiders, though they don’t so much crash the party as float spectrally in a corner with a martini and a raised eyebrow. When the Boys first broke into the charts, much was made of Tennant’s former career at Smash Hits, the foremost evidence cited for his apparently ‘ironic’ take on pop. But I’ve often thought that the beautiful balance they strike between the knowing and the credulous is the product of northern eyes surveying southern landscapes. They are detached, perhaps even sceptical at times; but there’s also that Eyewitness Guide in the bedroom, a city learned and loved, an excitement at having gone through the portals at King’s Cross and slipped into the anonymity of the throng. Despite Tennant having said on more than one occasion that ‘West End Girls’ was inspired by The Waste Land – ‘too many shadows, whispering voices’ is a true summary of Eliot’s fractured epic indeed – the song is too stimulated by what’s going on around it to be either a lament for the lost or a prophecy of doom. It does sound dangerous – there’s something dark and doleful in that bass – but it’s the kind of danger that makes you feel alive and adrenalized. It’s determined to keep its cool, determined not to spend its money all at once; but despite this caution, it’s still the sound of two northerners who will never quite fail to wonder at their adopted home.

It’s a dichotomy embodied by the Boys themselves: arty, askance Tennant, asking questions and pondering significances, and hedonistic Lowe (you can take the lad out of Blackpool!), disappearing into the massed bodies of the rave or shopping incognito at the record exchanges (check out the 1989 B-side, ‘One of the crowd’, Chris’s very own credo). It’s why their songs at their finest have such cross-cultural appeal; the Guardianista manifesto of ‘Che Guevara and Debussy to a disco beat’ (‘Left to my own devices’) can coexist quite happily with the football terrace reworking of gay utopianism (their definitive cover of ‘Go West’, which was taken on in earnest by Arsenal supporters). It’s what makes them so English, yes (another epithet interviewers and critics find impossible to avoid), but more than that, it’s what makes them so London, and more specifically Northern and London. In no other city in the world do you get quite so many disparate people rubbing shoulders in the crush; underfunded social housing and potholes on one side of the street, while the opposite side gleams with stucco and swept pavements. This is the world the Boys both celebrate and lament, and often with an emphasis on the relationship between regionalism and metropolitanism. It’s mourned in ‘King’s Cross’ (the station from which Geordies spill out into the city like foaming brown ale from a broken bottle), and especially ‘The Theatre’, which again makes specific reference to expats from beyond the Watford Gap (‘Boys and girls come to roost / From Northern parts and Scottish towns / Will we catch your eye?’) But then there’s the funny B-side ‘Sexy Northerner’, about a guy who takes the capital by the scruff and recasts it in his own image. London is always up for grabs, and the Boys will be there as the daybreak traffic hits, on through lunch at the office, then dinner, pub, club, and into the demimonde of the dead hours. You always wanted a lover, I only wanted a job. You wait till later, till later tonight…

You see, London is all about almost unlikely juxtapositions, and the Pet Shop Boys pull off some of the unlikeliest. The astonishing ‘Dreaming of the Queen’ (perhaps the most moving song they have ever written) is the most surreal. It’s an elegy for the AIDS dead (‘there are no more lovers left alive’) sung by ‘Lady Di’, whose own marriage is failing; the ‘Queen’ of the title is both the monarch Neil visualizes in his dream, chastising him for being in the nude, and, perhaps, the patron saint of all ‘queens’ everywhere who are traumatized by the epidemic. It’s timely – on release in 1993, all these events were highly topical – and timeless, commenting on the ways in which our subconscious finds its own warped logic to deal with the crushing events of history. And then that heartbreaking line, ‘Yes, it’s true / Look, it’s happened to me and you’ (a rejoinder to an earlier AIDS lament, ‘It couldn’t happen here’). London is a place in which ‘big’ history is made all around us, in which we constantly rub up against grand monuments and memorials; it’s also a place that can find space for the ‘me and you’. At its best, Tennant and Lowe’s songwriting focuses through both of these lenses. Remember ‘Shopping’, seemingly a deadpanned celebration of the personal benefits of the credit boom, but actually a broadside against Thatcher’s privatisations? No eighties band was better at defining the emptiness of consumerist luxury than the Pet Shop Boys, and I’m not just talking about the immortal ‘I’ve got the brains, you’ve got the looks, let’s make lots of money’. Stick on the original version of ‘I want a dog’, and marvel at the boredom of desire; the blank-eyed intonation of ‘oh, you can get lonely’; the killer couplet ‘Don’t want a cat / Scratching its claws all over my habitat’, expressing withering disdain for any mog that ruins Terence Conran’s finest.

In ‘West End Girls’, of course, there are cats and dogs, paws and claws. The greyhounds of Walthamstow (east end boys) and the Persian princesses of Kensington (the girls of the title). Another great juxtaposition, and one that makes London sexy in a constantly surprising way. All sorts of mythologies catch each other’s eyes on the escalators. The Kray brothers lock stares with Charlotte Rampling; there’s a frisson of sexual danger, a possibility of pugilism. But London has to brook its own contradictions in order to survive. It surfs breezily above them, just as the track itself is both shiny and seamy, dark and light. The song is all tensions: African and European (the jazzy trumpet and rich gospel backing vocalist knocking against Tennant’s high white plaint), passive and active, dispassionate and yet full of deep, deep yearning; yet it’s miraculous how these coexist with such effortless panache. These are the frictions of all great British pop, but seldom do they ever sound so exotic and lush. The Pet Shop Boys really did change the game; this is a London both real and imagined, both as good as the real thing and somehow even better. It’s not surprising that it was number one all over the world, including America, and no accident that it even featured prominently in the Olympic shebang last year.

You see, for all the expert satire, it’s easy to forget that the Pet Shop Boys are still actually in love with London, and that its allure will never pall. ‘We’ve got no future, we’ve got no past’, intones Neil in the last verse. In London, you can be someone different every day, ventriloquizing the people around you, learning to walk to their gait; only the present, and your presence matter. Just to be there at all; to be swimming in the tide. East End boys will always chase West End girls, and perhaps vice versa. Northerners and foreigners will always be both repelled and fascinated by the Unreal City. As long as London exists, so will ‘West End Girls’; so will a thousand teenagers from elsewhere dreaming in their bedrooms about ‘running down, underground, to a dive bar in a West End town’. As T.S. Eliot would have it, we shore these fragments against our ruin. Or else, we save ourselves with the power of a synth bass, a crunchy snare and the ecstasy of urban romance.

#Pet Shop Boys #West End Girls #Neil Tennant #Chris Lowe #Article #Text #Music #Video #1985 #80ies #London

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cheguevara-blog-stu · 4 years ago

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How a young Che Guevara might tackle education

For this blog post, the aim is to explore how Che Guevara may have sought to utilise information systems to democratise education around the world. In order to explore this further, it is necessary to first reflect on Guevara’s upbringing and his own encounters with poverty, and the absence of education. For this blog, Guevara’s life is only considered from his birth, up until the time he began studying as a doctor at the University of Buenos Aires. Subsequent blog posts will consider his actions at other stages of his life.

From his earliest days, Che Guevara was surrounded by knowledge. He grew up in a home that contained a library with over three thousand books, and from that he became informed about great writers such as Karl Marx and William Faulkner (Haney, 2005). Even a declassified CIA note on Guevara noted that he was “quite well read” (Ratner and Smith, 1997). Evidently, books and education played a large part in the formation of Che Guevara, especially in his youth. What’s more, the books he read in his childhood likely played a significant role in the formation of his political beliefs later in his life.

Guevara, whilst studying medicine at the University of Buenos Aires, famously embarked on a series of motorcycle journeys around South America. During his travels, Guevara came in contact with a significant amount of poverty. One such place in which Guevara encounters this poverty is during his journey through Chile, which he documented in his well-known “Motorcycle diaries” (Guevara and Wright, 1996). In the twenty third chapter of his diary, Guevara reflects on Chile “from afar” (Guevara and Wright, 1996) where he observes that the economic development in the country is not equally distributed, saying that the state holds prospects for anyone, “So long as they don’t belong to the proletariat”. Guevara felt that the benefits of investment in the country were not being fairly distributed and as such there was a significant disadvantage for the lower economic classes of Chile’s society. Chile was at a critical moment when Guevara visited, as Carlos Ibáñez del Campo was the frontrunner to becoming the Chilean president, and Guevara hoped his anti-US sentiment would lead to the removal of US economic investment only in certain aspects of society (Guevara and Wright, 1996).

This history is important to consider as many would argue the fact that Guevara was educated is likely a major component of his success as a political leader and revolutionary. Growing up his knowledge stemmed partly from books, his strategy perhaps informed by his love of chess (Traverso, 2017), his desire to see equality in society undoubtedly reinforced by his education as a doctor. Education is present at every step of Guevara’s young life, and it is reasonable to expect that then, and indeed now, Guevara would believe that one major component of creating an egalitarian society would be the accessibility of education to all, not just the wealthy.

At this point in Guevara’s life, it is likely that he would believe that the way to correctly leverage IS systems would be through government investment in educational infrastructure. For example, in the chapter of his diary titled ‘La Gioconda’s smile’ (Guevara and Wright, 1996), Guevara comments on how he wishes those in power would invest in social projects instead of just focusing on improving their own outlook. One such modern solution may be the use of tablet devices to deliver educational resources to poverty-stricken locations. At the local level, it is unlikely the communities would be able to afford such resources, but through government investment, it would become much more feasible. Coupling this with advancing internet access programs such as the StarLink program (Starlink, 2021) which aims to deliver internet access to any location on earth through the use of satellites, and it would be possible for any citizen with a tablet to gain access to a vast amount of resources, just like Guevara had during his own childhood. In fact, a review of research done on the topic suggests that tablets may lead to improvements in learning across a variety of subjects such as science, social studies and mathematics (Major et al., 2016). By utilising the sharing of resources throughout the educational network, students could enjoy far more resources either at a significant discount or even for free. Perhaps even more ambitious still could be the implementation of a blockchain network to share educational content without the fear of manipulation or interference from foreign or domestic governments.

The investment into technological infrastructure should not be considered unreasonable, and was examined in a report by the OECD (2020) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The OECD concluded that socio-economic background “plays an important role in Latin American students’ access to technology”. Further to this, the OECD state “These are challenges that policy makers should address urgently to provide equal opportunities to all students”.

Another consideration, beyond just the formal school education, is the potential for the distribution of skills and training to rural areas to teach about subjects such as agriculture, mechanical engineering and more. These skills could be a powerful and immediate tool to improve the lives of those who live in rural areas who do not have access to modern education on these topics and as such are missing the opportunity to help themselves. For example, the OECD (2020) found that “Around 24% of adults in Latin American countries, who wanted to participate (more) in training, did not do so because training was too expensive”. Guevara, on his travels through South America, came in contact with many manual labourers who were being exploited for their work. For example, he noted about a mine in Chile that the workers, “.. who die miserably … when all they want is to earn their daily bread” (Guevara and Wright, 1996). Guevara could leverage the same technological infrastructure described above to educate workers to help them escape these harsh working conditions.

Ultimately, at this point in his life, Guevara witnessed the harsh realities of capitalism and its exploitation of workers. He recognised that the absence of government regulation or funding has led to undertrained workers who continue to get exploited. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that Guevara would leverage information systems for its ability to democratise education across regions suffering from systemic poverty, and to work towards building a more egalitarian society in which citizens may benefit no matter what their socio-economic background is.

Author: David Hooban

Referencesuevara, C. and Wright, A., 1996. The Motorcycle Diaries. London: Verso.

Haney, R., 2005. Celia Sánchez: The Legend of Cuba’s Revolutionary Heart New York: Algora Pub.

Major, L., Haßler, B. and Hennessy, S., 2016. Tablet Use in Schools: Impact, Affordances and Considerations. Handbook on Digital Learning for K-12 Schools, pp.115-128.

OECD, 2020. Making The Most Of Technology For Learning And Training In Latin America. [online] Available at: <https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/ce2b1a62-en/½/1/index.html?itemId=/content/publication/ce2b1a62-en&_csp_=bb3560e07196ff17db864eeccdde898e&itemIGO=oecd&itemContentType=book> [Accessed 4 January 2021].

Ratner, M. and Smith, M., 1997. Che Guevara And The FBI. Melbourne: Ocean Press.

Salkantay Trek Blog. 2015. Celebrities who visited Cusco – Salkantay Trek Blog. [online] Available at: <https://www.salkantaytrek.org/blog/celebrities-who-visited-cusco/> [Accessed 4 January 2021].

Starlink. 2021. Starlink. [online] Available at: <https://www.starlink.com/> [Accessed 4 January 2021].

The Motorcycle Diaries. 2004. [film] FilmFour.

Traverso, V., 2017. In Cuba, You Can’t Spell ‘Chess’ Without ‘Che’. [online] Atlas Obscura. Available at: <https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/che-guevara-death-chess-cuba> [Accessed 4 January 2021].

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dintrocarte · 5 years ago

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în Che Guevara Social Pub https://www.instagram.com/p/B6QnIAdJIuf/?igshid=migd02hv02qq

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hisho212 · 8 years ago

Video

Che Guevara social pub, Cluj-napoca #ernestocheguevara #socialpub #cluj2017 #traveling

#cluj2017 #traveling #socialpub #ernestocheguevara

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isslibrary · 7 years ago

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New Books (December)

Sorted by Call Number / Author. Some awesome stuff on this list (I added commentary). Thanks to the Jacobs family for some of these donations, to Mr. Colvin for the art history suggestions, and to students who requested materials. Mrs. Wald, we now have the first three

Magic Treehouse

books in Spanish. As always, if you can't find something, ask me or Mrs. VanHorn and we'll help.

296.1 U

Understanding the Dead Sea scrolls : a reader from the Biblical archaeology review. 1st ed. New York : Random House, ℗♭1992. A sourcebook of articles by the world's leading Dead Sea Scroll authorities.

303.66 Z

Zinn, Howard, 1922-. Artists in times of war. New York : Seven Stories Press, c2003.

** Highly Recommended -- and it's short **

305.38 W

Question bridge : Black males in America. First edition. Question Bridge assembles a series of questions posed to black men, by and for other black men, along with the corresponding responses and portraits of the participants. The questions range from the comic to the sublimely philosophical: from "Am I the only one who has problems eating chicken, watermelon, and bananas in front of white people?" to "Why is it so difficult for black American men in this culture to be themselves, their essential selves, and remain who they truly are?" The answers tackle the issues that continue to surround black male identity today in a uniquely honest, no-holds-barred manner. While the ostensible subject is black men, the conversation that evolves in these pages is ultimately about the nature of living in a post-Obama, post-Ferguson, post-Voting Rights Act America. Question Bridge is about who we are and what we mean to one another. Most critically, it asks: how can we start to dismantle the myths and misconceptions that have evolved around race and gender in America--how can we reset the narrative about ourselves, just as #blacklivesmatter has reset the narrative of civil protest? The founding artists, along with contributions from Ambassador Andrew Young, Jesse Williams, Rashid Shabazz, and Delroy Lindo, will introduce and contextualize the body of the work and provide closing remarks on our current and future social climate.

** This project happened at the Birmingham Museum of Art and it is really interesting **

305.409 D

Doyle, Sady. Trainwreck : The women we love to hate, mock, and fear... and why. Brooklyn, NY : Melvillle House, 2016.

659.1 W

Wu, Tim, author. The attention merchants : the epic scramble to get inside our heads. First edition. "From Tim Wu, author of the award-winning The Master Switch and who coined the phrase "net neutrality"--a revelatory look at the rise of "attention harvesting," and its transformative effect on our society and our selves. Attention merchant: an industrial-scale harvester of human attention. A firm whose business model is the mass capture of attention for resale to advertisers. In nearly every moment of our waking lives, we face a barrage of advertising enticements, branding efforts, sponsored social media, commercials and other efforts to harvest our attention. Over the last century, few times or spaces have remained uncultivated by the "attention merchants," contributing to the distracted, unfocused tenor of our times. Tim Wu argues that this is not simply the byproduct of recent inventions but the end result of more than a century's growth and expansion in the industries that feed on human attention. From the pre-Madison Avenue birth of advertising to TV's golden age to our present age of radically individualized choices, the business model of "attention merchants" has always been the same. He describes the revolts that have risen against these relentless attempts to influence our consumption, from the remote control to FDA regulations to Apple's ad-blocking OS. But he makes clear that attention merchants grow ever-new heads, and their means of harvesting our attention have given rise to the defining industries of our time, changing our nature--cognitive, social, and otherwise--in ways unimaginable even a generation ago"--.

759.2 R

Riley, Bridget, 1931- artist. Bridget Riley : works 1981-2015.

770.92 K

Sherman, Cindy, photographer, interviewee. Cindy Sherman, Imitation of life.

** If you enjoy taking selfies you should really look at this **

811.6 C

Collins, Martha, 1940-. White papers. Pittsburgh, Pa. : University of Pittsburgh Press, c2012. White Papers is a series of untitled poems that explore race from a variety of personal, historical, and cultural perspectives, questioning what it means to be "white" in a multi-racial society.

811.6 J

Jones, Ashley M. Magic City Gospel : poems. Spartanburg, SC : Hub City Press, 2016.

811.6 R

Rankine, Claudia, 1963- author. Citizen : an American lyric. Claudia Rankine's bold new book recounts mounting racial aggressions in ongoing encounters in twenty-first-century daily life and in the media. Some of these encounters are slights, seeming slips of the tongue, and some are intentional offensives in the classroom, at the supermarket, at home, on the tennis court with Serena Williams and the soccer field with Zinedine Zidane, online, on TV--everywhere, all the time. The accumulative stresses come to bear on a person's ability to speak, perform, and stay alive. Our addressability is tied to the state of our belonging, Rankine argues, as are our assumptions and expectations of citizenship. In essay, image, and poetry, Citizen is a powerful testament to the individual and collective effects of racism in our contemporary, often named 'post-race' society.

** Essential Reading **

891.71 B

Baratynsky, E. A., 1800-1844, author. A science not for the earth : selected poems and letters. First edition.

92 Goldman

92: Biographies are in the Biography Room

Goldman, Emma, 1869-1940. Living my life : abridged. Condensed ed. Anarchist, journalist, drama critic, advocate of birth control and free love, Emma Goldman was the most famous—and notorious—woman in the early twentieth century. This abridged version of her two-volume autobiography takes her from her birthplace in czarist Russia to the socialist enclaves of Manhattan’s Lower East Side. Against a dramatic backdrop of political argument, show trials, imprisonment, and tempestuous romances, Goldman chronicles the epoch that she helped shape: the reform movements of the Progressive Era, the early years of and later disillusionment with Lenin’s Bolshevik experiment, and more. Sounding a call still heard today, Living My Life is a riveting account of political ferment and ideological turbulence.

** Howard Zinn suggested reading this so I got it-- we need more biographies about women, so let me know if you have ideas! **

92 Guevara

Resnick, Marvin D. The black beret: the life and meaning of Che Guevara. New York, : Ballantine Books, [1970, c1969].

92 Joyce

Anderson, Chester G. James Joyce : with 124 illustrations. A biography of the Irish genius relating details of his life to the substance of his books.

92 Wright

Wright, Richard, 1908-1960. American hunger. First edition. A continuation of Richard Wright's autobiography, "Black Boy.".

ES F Osb

ES Section/Español is in the Reading Room

Osborne, Mary Pope. El caballero del alba. Lyndhurst, NY : Lectorum Publications, 2002.

ES F Osb

Osborne, Mary Pope. Dinosaurios al atardecer. Lyndhurst, NY : Lectorum Publications, 2002.

ES F Osb

Osborne, Mary Pope. Una momia al amanecer. Lyndhurst, NY : Lectorum Publications, 2002.

F Bac

Backman, Fredrik, 1981- author. A man called Ove : a novel. First Washington Square Press trade paperback edition. "A grumpy yet loveable man finds his solitary world turned on its head when a boisterous young family moves in next door"--Amazon.com.

F Bur

Burton, Jessie, 1982-. The miniaturist. First Harperluxe edition. Engaging the services of a miniaturist to furnish a cabinet-sized replica of her new home, 18-year-old Nella Oortman, the wife of an illustrious merchant trader, soon discovers that the artist's tiny creations mirror their real-life counterparts in eerie and unexpected ways.

F Pea

Pearson, Ridley. Dark Passage : Kingdom Keepers Book Six 6. New York, NY : Disney, 2013.

F Pea

Pearson, Ridley. Disney after Dark : Kingdom Keepers Book One 1. New York, NY : Disney, 2005.

F Pea

Pearson, Ridley. Disney at Dawn : Kingdom Keepers Book Two 2. New York, NY : Disney, 2008.

F Pea

Pearson, Ridley. Disney in Shadow : Kingdom Keepers Book Three 3. New York, NY : Disney, 2010.

F Pea

Pearson, Ridley. The Insider : Kingdom Keepers Book Seven 7. New York, NY : Disney, 2014.

F Pea

Pearson, Ridley. Power play. 1st ed. New York : Disney/Hyperion Books, c2011. For the five teens who modeled as Disney Hologram Imaging hosts, life is beginning to settle down when an intriguing video arrives to Philby's computer at school. It's a call for action: the Overtakers, a group of Disney villains, seem to be plotting to attempt a rescue of two of their leaders, both of whom the Disney Imagineers have hidden away somewhere following a violent encounter in Epcot. A staged attack by new Overtakers at Downtown Disney, startles the group. A dark cloud in the Kingdom Keeper era is unfolding, and with dissension in their own ranks, it's unclear if there's any chance of escape.

F She

Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft, 1797-1851. Frankenstein. New York, NY : Signet Classics, 1965. The monster was supposed to be man's benefactor, but, scorned for his ugliness, he swears revenge on his creator and the human race.

SC Doy

Doyle, Arthur Conan, 1859-1930. Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Racine, Wis., : Whitman Pub. Co., [1965].

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