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September 11 attack

September 11 was marked in history as the day when terrorist attacks were carried out on American soil and resulted in the death of nearly three thousand people. The terrorists responsible for the attack were linked to al-Qaeda and carried out their attacks against two targets: the World Trade Center, located in New York, and the Pentagon, located in Washington.

The attacks of September 11 had Osama bin Laden as one of the main culprits and generated great consequences at a regional level (in the USA) and also worldwide. A few weeks after they happened, the US government started the Afghan War, with the aim of capturing the leader of al-Qaeda.

The Twin Towers were attacked by two Boeings at 8:46 am and 9:03 am on September 11, 2001.[1]

Causes and historical context of the attack

The September 11 attacks were carried out by al-Qaeda, which at the time was led by Osama bin Laden, a multi-millionaire Arab and one of the founders of this terrorist organization. The motivations that led bin Laden and al-Qaeda to carry out attacks on the United States are the result of a long process that began in the 1970s.

Taking this context into account, we must understand that the motivation for the attack was the existing enmity of Islamic fundamentalists and the United States. This was motivated by the interventions of the Americans in the nations of the Middle East and by their support for the State of Israel.

In the 1970s, the United States faced two major challenges in the Middle East: the 1973 oil crisis and the Islamic Revolution that took place in Iran in 1979. The first was caused by an embargo by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries ( OPEC), which made the value of oil soar on the international market; and the second was a religious and conservative revolution that overthrew the pro-Western government that existed in Iran and installed a Shiite regime.

This second event made the US government lose the alliance it had with that country, one of its main allies in the region. These developments caused US policy in the Middle East to be altered and become more aggressive.

In 1979, Afghanistan, a country with a communist government, was invaded by Soviet troops who came to the aid of that government. The US saw in this a great opportunity to destabilize its greatest adversary, and since that year it has started to fund dissidences that existed in the interior of Afghanistan and were fighting against the communist government: the mujahideen.

These rebel forces brought together reactionary groups that started to receive weapons and money from Americans and Saudis (US allies). They wanted these forces to overthrow the Afghan communist government and hit the Soviet economy. Years later, these groups, once armed by the United States and other allies, ended up transforming themselves into Islamic fundamentalist organizations.

The Americans' role in financing these counterrevolutionary forces attracted a Palestinian named Abdullah Azzam, who called for a jihad (holy war, for Muslims) against the Soviets. It was Azzam who invited bin Laden to Afghanistan to participate in the fight against the USSR. However, a few years later, Azzam and bin Laden broke up when he decided to turn against the “decadent” Muslims as well. With that, bin Laden ended up founding al-Qaeda, which is now one of the biggest terrorist organizations in the world.

Also visit: Understand what fundamentalism is

Enmity with the USA

Until then, bin Laden had counted on the support of the United States in the fight against the Communists. However, the Gulf War ended up souring the relationship that existed between the two countries. In 1990, the Iraqi army invaded Kuwait and forced the Kuwaiti royal family to take refuge in the Saudi capital, which created a climate of tension between Iraq and Saudi Arabia.

The possibility of friction was great, and this made Osama bin Laden, an Arab, offer his services to defend Saudi territory. Bin Laden wanted the Saudi monarchy to hire him and his mujahideen to defend the territory, but the Saudis turned down bin Laden's offer and opted to let US troops ensure security.

The rejection of his proposal infuriated bin Laden, arguing that the presence of foreigners protecting the sacred soil of Saudi Arabia (there are two cities sacred to Islam) was sacrilege. After criticizing the Saudi government, bin Laden was banished from the country and exiled to Sudan. In this episode, bin Laden's enmity with the Americans was born.

Bin Laden's hatred of the United States ended up being heightened by other issues, such as its support for the State of Israel, its role in the signing of a peace agreement between Israel and Palestine in the 1990s, and its intervention in other Islamic countries. In the same period, bin Laden started to defend the idea of carrying out an attack against the US.

Also visit: Understand the role of the UN in founding the State of Israel

What happened on 9/11?

The Pentagon, the headquarters of the US Department of Defense, was also attacked on September 11, 2001.

The attacks that took place on September 11, 2001 were carried out by 19 terrorists from the organization called Al-Qaeda. The attacks began with the hijacking of four commercial planes, two Boeing 757 and two Boeing 767, which took off from the east coast of the United States towards California.

The terrorists hijacked the following flights: American Airlines Flight 11, Flight 77 and Flight 175, and United Airlines Flight 93. These took off from the cities of Boston, Washington and Newark, heading for Los Angeles and San Francisco. Of the four flights mentioned, three managed to hit their targets, but the fourth, as we'll see, crashed before hitting its target. On that day, the 19 terrorists boarded, and when the aircraft were already in the air, they surrendered the crew and passengers, and then readjusted the aircraft routes to their targets.

It all started with AA Flight 11, which took off at 7:59 am from Boston and headed for Los Angeles. Less than an hour later, at precisely 8:46 am, the plane was launched against the North Tower (called the World Trade Center One) of the World Trade Center, a commercial complex that was located in the heart of the island of Manhattan.

Less than 20 minutes later, the second plane (AA Flight 175) was launched, this time, against the South Tower (World Trade Center Two), colliding with the second tower at exactly 9:03 am. At that time, the international press was already covering it, and the attack on the second tower was televised live across the planet.

The third plane (AA Flight 77) was launched into the Pentagon, the US Department of Defense headquarters building, at 9:37 am, and the fourth plane (UA Flight 93) crashed in the interior of the state of Pennsylvania. , at 10:03.

At the time, it was speculated that this plane would be launched against the White House, but evidence suggested that its target was possibly the Capitol. The fourth plane missed its target because its passengers were told it was an attack, and then they rebelled against the terrorists, who ended up shooting down the plane ahead of schedule.

In all, the September 11 attacks caused the deaths of 2996 people (that number includes the 19 terrorists). Among the total death toll, 2606 people died in New York; 246 on airplanes; and 125 at the Pentagon. As mentioned, the 19 missing from that account were the terrorists who carried out the attack.

World Trade Center and the image of the attack

The most outstanding image of this attack was, of course, the attack on the World Trade Center, because, after the collision with the planes, the well-known Twin Towers caught fire. Thousands of people were trapped on the highest floors of the building and unfortunately were unable to get out, while firefighters and first responders conducted the evacuation work of the building.

The impact of planes and the fire caused the World Trade Center to collapse a few minutes later.

The fire that broke out in the Twin Towers overheated the building's structures and caused both to collapse. At 9:59, the South Tower collapsed, and at 10:58, it was the turn of the North Tower. Their fall affected buildings on the side, damaging them and spreading fire.

Before the attack, the World Trade Center was a complex that had seven buildings that housed hundreds of companies from various areas. Within this complex, were the Twin Towers, inaugurated in 1973, and which were 417 meters high, being one of the tallest vertical buildings in the world. On the day of the attack, about 15 thousand people were in them, and, in the midst of despair, many of these, cornered by fire, threw themselves from the floors where they were.

Also visit: Learn about the history of the attacks that took place at the Munich Olympics

Those responsible for the attack

As mentioned, the attack was carried out by Al-Qaeda, which at the time was led by Osama bin Laden. However, the big name who planned the details of the attacks was Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, one of the exponents of the fundamentalist group. Both bin Laden and Khalid were behind other attacks on the United States.

Bin Laden participated in the attack on the US embassy in Kenya in 1998, and Khalid was involved in the car bomb attack that destroyed the entrance to the World Trade Center in 1993. Bin Laden was eventually killed in 2011, and Khalid has been imprisoned under US jurisdiction since 2003.

Consequences of the attack

After the attacks, the reaction of the US government was immediate and focused on tightening security measures in the country, with a great focus on airports, and on reprisals against their perpetrators. The US rematch took place through the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001.

The invasion of Afghanistan was authorized by the then President of the United States, George W. Bush, and had two goals: to capture Osama bin Laden and overthrow the Taliban, the group that had ruled that country since the 1990s. if because he acknowledged on video that he was the author of the attacks.

The United States sought to overthrow the Taliban because this fundamentalist government group harbored al-Qaeda on its territory. With the invasion of Afghanistan, the US began a phase of what became known as the War on Terror, which included the invasion of Iraq two years later (in 2003). The Taliban government was defeated, but the situation in Afghanistan never stabilized. Osama bin Laden, as mentioned, was killed by American troops in his Pakistan hideout in 2011.

On the issue of security, the Americans reinforced the fight against terrorism in the country through a law known as the Patriot Act. This law was in effect until 2015 and allowed the government to intercept phone calls and messages without having to obtain authorization from the courts, for example.

In addition, on the issue of flight safety, new rules were approved, making passenger boarding extremely rigid. As of 2015, the anti-terrorism legislation in the United States underwent changes and was renamed the USA Freedom Act. ( Atentado de 11 de setembro

O 11 de setembro ficou marcado na história como o dia em que os atentados terroristas foram realizados em solo americano e resultaram na morte de quase três mil pessoas. Os terroristas responsáveis pelo atentado eram vinculados à Al-Qaeda e realizaram seus procedimentos contra dois alvos: o World Trade Center, localizado em Nova York, e o Pentágono, localizado em Washington.

Os atentados de 11 de setembro tiveram como um dos grandes responsáveis Osama bin Laden e geraram grandes consequências a nível regional (nos EUA) e também mundial. Poucas semanas depois que aconteceram, o governo norte-americano deu início à Guerra do Afeganistão, com o objetivo de capturar o líder da Al-Qaeda.

As Torres Gêmeas foram atacadas por dois Boeing às 08:46 e às 09:03 do dia 11 de setembro de 2001. [1]

Causas e contexto histórico do atentado

Os atentados de 11 de setembro foram realizados pela Al-Qaeda, que, na época, era liderada por Osama bin Laden, um árabe multimilionário e um dos fundadores dessa organização terrorista. As motivações que levaram bin Laden e a Al-Qaeda a realizarem atentados contra os Estados Unidos são o resultado de um longo processo que se iniciou na década de 1970.

Levando em consideração esse contexto, devemos entender que a motivação do ataque foi a inimizade existente dos fundamentalistas islâmicos e os Estados Unidos. Essa era motivada intervenções dos norte-americanos nas nações do Oriente Médio e por seu apoio ao Estado de Israel.

Na década de 1970, os Estados Unidos enfrentaram dois grandes desafios no Oriente Médio: uma crise do petróleo de 1973 e a Revolução Islâmica que aconteceu no Irã, em 1979. A primeira foi causada por um embargo feito pela Organização dos Países Exportadores de Petróleo (OPEP ), que fez o valor do petróleo disparar no mercado internacional; e a segunda foi uma revolução religiosa e conservadora que derrubou o governo pró-ocidental que existia no Irã e instaurou um regime xiita.

Esse segundo acontecimento fez o governo norte-americano perder uma aliança que tinha com esse país, um de seus principais aliados na região. Esses aconteceram com que a política estadunidense no Oriente Médio foi alterada e passou a ser mais agressiva.

Em 1979, o Afeganistão, país com um governo comunista, foi invadido por tropas soviéticas que vinham em auxílio desse governo. Os EUA viram nisso uma ótima oportunidade de desestabilizar o seu maior adversário, e, desde esse ano, passou a financiar dissidências que existiam no interior do Afeganistão e lutavam contra o governo comunista: os mujahidin.

Essas mensagens rebeldes reuniam os grupos reacionários que passaram a receber as armas e dinheiro dos norte-americanos e dos sauditas. Esses queriam que essas quadros derrubassem o governo comunista afegão e atingissem a economia soviética. Anos depois, esses grupos, uma vez armados pelos próprios Estados Unidos e demais aliados, acabaram transformando-se em associações fundamentalistas islâmicas.

A actuação dos americanos no financiamento dessa forma contrarrevolucionários atraiu um palestino chamado Abdullah Azzam, que convoca uma jihad (guerra santa, para os muçulmanos) contra os soviéticos. Foi Azzam que convidou bin Laden para ir ao Afeganistão participar da luta contra a URSS. No entanto, alguns anos depois, Azzam e bin Laden acabaram rompendo quando este resolveu voltar-se contra os blocos “decadentes”. Com isso, Bin Laden acabou fundando a Al-Qaeda, que atualmente é uma das maiores associações terroristas do mundo.

Acesse também: Entenda o que é fundamentalismo

Inimizade com os EUA

Até então, bin Laden tinha contado com o apoio dos Estados Unidos na luta contra os comunistas. No entanto, a Guerra do Golfo acabou azedando a relação que existia entre os dois países. Em 1990, o exército iraquiano invadiu o Kuwait e fez com que uma família real kuwaitiana refugiasse-se na capital saudita, o que criou um clima de tensão entre Iraque e Arábia Saudita.

A possibilidade de que houvesse um atrito era grande, e isso fez com que Osama bin Laden, árabe, oferecesse seus serviços para defender o território saudita. Bin Laden queria que a monarquia saudita contratasse ele e seus mujahidin para defender o território, mas os sauditas recusaram a oferta de bin Laden e optaram por deixar as tropas americanas garantirem a segurança.

A rejeição de sua proposta enfureceu bin Laden, sob o argumento de que a presença de estrangeiros fazendo a proteção do solo sagrado da Arábia Saudita (lá ficam duas cidades sagradas para o Islã) era um sacrilégio. Depois de criticar o governo saudita, bin Laden foi banido do país e exilou-se no Sudão. Nasceu nesse episódio a inimizade de bin Laden com os estadunidenses.

O ódio de bin Laden pelos Estados Unidos acabou aumentando as questões, como o apoio esses ao Estado de Israel, seu papel na assinatura de um acordo de paz entre Israel e Palestina na década de 1990, e sua intervenção em outros países islâmicos. Já no mesmo período, bin Laden passou a ser um defensor a ideia de realizar um ataque contra os EUA.

Acesse também: Entenda qual foi o papel da ONU na fundação do Estado de Israel

O que aconteceu no 11 de setembro?

O Pentágono, sede do Departamento de Defesa dos EUA, também foi atacado no dia 11 de setembro de 2001.

Os atentados que aconteceram em 11 de setembro de 2001 foram realizados por 19 terroristas da organização chamada Al-Qaeda. O início dos atentados deu-se com o sequestro de quatro aviões comerciais, sendo dois Boeing 757 e dois Boeing 767, que decolaram da costa leste dos Estados Unidos com direção para a Califórnia.

Os terroristas sequestraram os seguintes voos: Voo 11, Voo 77 e Voo 175, da American Airlines, e Voo 93, da United Airlines. Esses decolaram das cidades de Boston, Washington e Newark, com direção a Los Angeles e San Francisco. Dos quatro voos mencionados, três conseguiram atingir seus alvos, mas o quarto, como veremos, caiu antes de atingir seu alvo. Nesse dia, os 19 terroristas embarcaram, e, quando como aeronaves já estavam no ar, renderam a tripulação e os passageiros, e então reajustaram como rotas das aeronaves para seus alvos.

Tudo começou com o Voo 11 da AA, que decolou às 07:59 de Boston em direção a Los Angeles. Menos de uma hora depois, precisamente às 08:46, o avião era lançado contra a Torre Norte (chamada de World Trade Center One) do World Trade Center, um complexo comercial que ficava no coração da ilha de Manhattan.

Menos de 20 minutos depois, o segundo avião (Voo 175, da AA) foi lançado, dessa vez, contra a Torre Sul (World Trade Center Two), chocando-se com uma segunda torre exatamente às 09:03. Naquele momento, a imprensa internacional já estava fazendo uma cobertura, e o ataque contra a segunda torre foi televisado ao vivo para todo o planeta.

O terceiro avião (Voo 77, da AA) foi lançado contra o Pentágono, o prédio que sedia o Departamento de Defesa dos Estados Unidos, às 09:37, e o quarto avião (Voo 93, da UA) caiu no interior do estado da Pensilvânia, às 10:03.

Na época, especulou-se que esse avião seria lançado contra a Casa Branca, mas evidências apontaram que o alvo dele era possivelmente o Capitólio. O quarto avião não atingiu seu alvo porque seus passageiros foram informados de que se tratava de um atentado, e então rebelaram-se contra os terroristas, que acabaram derrubando o avião antes do alvo previsto.

Ao todo, os atentados de 11 de setembro causaram a morte de 2996 pessoas (esse número inclui os 19 terroristas). Entre o total de mortos, 2.606 pessoas morreram em Nova York; 246, nos aviões; e 125, sem Pentágono. Como expressar, os 19 que faltam nessa conta eram os terroristas que realizaram o atentado.

World Trade Center e a imagem do atentado

A imagem mais destacada desse ataque foi, naturalmente, a do ataque ao World Trade Center, pois, depois do choque com os aviões, como calendário Torre Gêmeas incendiaram-se. Milhares de pessoas conhecidas encurraladas nos andares mais altos do prédio e, infelizmente, não conseguiram sair, enquanto isso, os bombeiros e socorristas conduziram o trabalho de evacuação do prédio.

O impacto dos aviões e o incêndio fizeram o World Trade Center desabar poucos minutos depois.

O incêndio que se iniciou nas Torres Gêmeas superaqueceu as estruturas do prédio e fez com que ambas abaixo. Às 09:59, a Torre Sul desabou, e às 10:58, foi a vez da Torre Norte. A queda delas afetou construções ao lado, danificando-as e espalhando o incêndio.

Antes do atentado, o World Trade Center era um complexo que possuía sete edifícios que abrigavam centenas de empresas das mais variadas áreas. Dentro desse complexo, estavam como Torres Gêmeas, inauguradas em 1973, e que possuíam 417 metros de altura, sendo uma das construções verticais mais altas do mundo. No dia do atentado, cerca de 15 mil pessoas estavam nelas, e, em meio ao desespero, muitas dessas, encurraladas pelo fogo, lançaram-se dos andares onde estavam.

Acesse também: Conheça a história dos atentados que aconteceram nas Olimpíadas de Munique

Os responsáveis pelo atentado

Como bom, o ataque foi realizado pela Al-Qaeda, que, na época, era liderada por Osama bin Laden. Não obstante, o grande nome que planejou os detalhes dos atentados de Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, um dos expoentes do grupo fundamentalista. Tanto bin Laden quanto Khalid estiveram por trás de outros atentados contra os Estados Unidos.

Bin Laden participou do ataque contra a embaixada norte-americana no Quênia, em 1998, e Khalid esteve presente com o ataque com um carro-bomba que destruiu na entrada do World Trade Center, em 1993. Bin Laden acabou sendo morto em 2011, e Khalid está preso sob jurisdição norte-americana, desde 2003.

Consequências do atentado

Depois dos atentados, a reação do governo norte-americano foi imediata e focou no endurecimento das medidas de segurança no país, com grande foco nos aeroportos e na represália contra seus perpetradores. Uma revanche estadunidense deu-se por meio da invasão do Afeganistão, ainda em 2001.

A invasão do Afeganistão foi autorizada pelo então presidente dos Estados Unidos, George W. Bush, e tinha dois objetivos: capturar Osama bin Laden e derrubar o Talibã, grupo que governava aquele país desde a década de 1990. A busca por bin Laden deu- se porque ele reconheceu em vídeo foi feito o autor dos procedimentos.

Os Estados Unidos procuraram derrubar o Talibã, porque esse grupo governamental e fundamentalista abrigava a Al-Qaeda em seu território. Com a invasão do Afeganistão, os EUA iniciaram uma fase do que ficou conhecido como Guerra ao Terror, que incluiu a invasão do Iraque dois anos depois (em 2003). O governo Talibã foi derrotado, mas a situação do Afeganistão nunca se estabilizou. Osama bin Laden, como, foi morto por tropas americanas em seu esconderijo no Paquistão, em 2011.

Na questão da segurança, os norte-americanos reforçaram o combate contra a atuação do terrorismo no país por meio de uma lei conhecida como Ato Patriota. Essa lei esteve em vigor até 2015 e permissão o governo interceptar ligações e mensagens telefônicas sem que fosse necessário obter autorização da justiça, por exemplo.

Além disso, na questão da segurança dos voos, novas normas foram aprovadas, deixando o embarque de voo extremamente rígido. A partir de 2015, a legislação de combate ao terrorismo nos Estados Unidos sofreu modificações e passou a ser chamada USA Freedom Act. )

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qohamika-blog · 5 years ago

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What You Need to Know About Tanzania Visa

https://ru.ivisa.com/tanzania-visa

For many large industrial banks, banking small businesses has ever proved challenging, and in the majority of surveys of small small business finance. The business may not exist in any way. Trading is about probabilities.

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When you begin a small company, failure isn't something you need to think about. Yes, if circumstances permit, all of us wish we could return and experience the entire safari experience again. If you're planning to work or volunteer, you will require a valid work permit.

The Birth of Tanzania Visa Some all-suites hotel may contain microwaves, coffee makers and smaller refrigerators. It is suggested to use water, local water sources could be very utilized to humans and animals may also be contaminated. With time, the form of the mountain became more defined.

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Migration and visa applications can be a trying experience. None Required Visas cannot be changed or extended. Nationals of Cyprus and Romania, who don't want a visa.

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Tanzania Visa - the Conspiracy The visa applicant is predicted to visit the Tanzanian commission with all other supporting documents for verification when the application form was filled. When you have confirmed that you desire a visa, you can finish your application on our on-line portal. If you've got the incorrect sort of visa, you could be fined up to $600.

Accommodation is among the major elements of your trip. Your Global Visas consultant will have the ability to present precise particulars of the visa fees and processing times involved for your particular application. All travellers are needed to obey the visa requirements.

The Honest to Goodness Truth on Tanzania Visa If you are going to be visiting a place of Kenya with malaria, you'll need to go over with your doctor the very best ways for you to refrain from getting sick with malaria. For candidates that are residing in a nation that's not their country of origin, proof of residence also has to be supplied. As reported by a survey, there are five principal reasons they fail.

| You can decide to remain in the game lodges. If camping close to the village, it's possible to negotiate with village elders visit. It can be costly to fly to Kilimanjaro airport, particularly during the season.

For instance, the UK number 01632 234567 ought to be dialled as 000 44 1632 234567 from Tanzania. There are a few risks that are related to all travellers irrespective of destination. Mentioned following are some critical truth about Tanzania that will allow you to comprehend the nation and its culture better.

Paper applications won't be processed and could lead to delays. Applicants must submit an application for a visa utilizing the E-Visa portal. You do not have to analyze the WHY.

Lodging an online is a fast and cost-effective method of requesting an Australian visa. Proof of payment is necessary in front of a student or an exchange visitor visa is going to be issued. Visa fees aren't refundable in the event of cancellation or refusal.

There might be additional restrictions and requirements, based on your individual circumstance and the area you're applying from. Yes, if circumstances permit, all of us wish we could return and experience the entire safari experience again. Happily, the procedure is an easy formality.

Tanzania does not need you to get a Yellow Fever vaccination if you're flying directly in from america or Europe. There are many types of Tanzania visas. Tanzania visas issued to US citizens are generally valid for a single year with numerous entries allowed.

In any circumstance it's important that you contact the Chicago consulate directly to figure out which consular services they give. All travelers that are not East African residents, are expected to acquire a visa for Tanzania. The plan was supposed to devote our very first night in Nairobi and after that leave for Tanzania the next morning.

The Tanzania Visa Stories Often tourists have very little respect for different cultures dress code. You might need to take prescription medicine prior to, during, and following your trip to reduce malaria, especially if you are going to low-altitude locations. Today thousands of people are helped by chiropractors and they're now recognized in the health care community.

No trading techniques work all the moment. Business visas are a short-term immigration solution designed to permit applicants to take part in a variety of business related activities including attending meetings and company conferences and researching potential buyers or suppliers. New small business owners frequently don't understand cash flow or underestimate how much money they'll need for startup and they have to close before they've had a fair opportunity to be successful.

All About Tanzania Visa By the time that it's light outside, you're already in your safari car. If you're unclear about any facet of the entry requirements, or you require further reassurance, you will need to get hold of the embassy, higher commission or consulate of the nation or territory you're travelling to. You could be asked to supply evidence of your return journey.

Introducing Tanzania Visa The yellow fever vaccine is also highly encouraged for most travelers as a preventative measure, and it might be needed for entrance into Tanzania, based on the facts of your trip itinerary. Even more incredible is the simple fact that only an extremely modest region of Tanzania contains the gemstone. Unlimited possibilities, based on your precise tastes, but not many others provide a wide selection of cultural pursuits and attractions, including Tanzania.

| The Downside Risk of Tanzania Visa Grab Tanzania visa and the business is currently native to discover a miracle that you won't see anywhere else on Earth, and carry with them for the rest of his days. Even more incredible is the simple fact that only an extremely modest region of Tanzania contains the gemstone. Unlimited possibilities, based on your precise tastes, but not many others provide a wide selection of cultural pursuits and attractions, including Tanzania.

What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Tanzania Visa By the time that it's light outside, you're already in your safari car. If you're unclear about any facet of the entry requirements, or you require further reassurance, you will need to get hold of the embassy, higher commission or consulate of the nation or territory you're travelling to. You are able to make sure ask your supplier about the Estimated arrival date in Dar-es salaam and get the all vital documents by air courier before the automobile arrives as you are able to begin to ready the port clearing process to prevent any potential delay of port clearing.

For many large industrial banks, banking small businesses has ever proved challenging, and in the majority of surveys of small small business finance. Business visas are a short-term immigration solution designed to permit applicants to take part in a variety of business related activities including attending meetings and company conferences and researching potential buyers or suppliers. Trading is about probabilities.

The Tanzania Visa Stories Often tourists have very little respect for different cultures dress code. You might need to take prescription medicine prior to, during, and following your trip to reduce malaria, especially if you are going to low-altitude locations. As reported by a survey, there are five principal reasons they fail.

Tanzania Visa Can Be Fun for Everyone Tanzania does not need you to get a Yellow Fever vaccination if you're flying directly in from america or Europe. All climbers that are not East African residents, are expected to get a visa for Tanzania. From now on, it's easier to acquire a tourist visa to visit Tanzania.

Tanzania Visa Ideas To begin with, use Visa wizard to check, dependent on your situation, whether you are in need of a visa and if this is so, what type. Applicants must submit an application for a visa utilizing the E-Visa portal. You do not have to analyze the WHY.

When you have completed your on-line application, all you need to do is submit it to your community visa centre. In all instances, passports must be valid for no less than six months after the length of the visa. Only Tanzanian E-visas don't need physical verification.

If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Tanzania Visa River trips are readily available. If camping close to the village, it's possible to negotiate with village elders visit. There are a lot of different activities to take part in while going to the nation without a sensational tall Mount Kilimanjaro.

For company or tourist visits to numerous foeriegn countries American citizens require a valid travel visa. There are a few risks that are related to all travellers irrespective of destination. Mentioned following are some critical truth about Tanzania that will allow you to comprehend the nation and its culture better.

The Tanzania Visa Cover Up There might be additional restrictions and requirements, based on your individual circumstance and the area you're applying from. Hopefully it's going to be based both on cost and capacity to satisfy your requirements, but how you make that final decision is your choice. If you're planning to work or volunteer, you will require a valid work permit.

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puppyandmau · 7 months ago

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didsbumeare-blog · 6 years ago

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autopaxke · 1 year ago

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ayittey1 · 6 years ago

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COCONUT CLASSICS

Fed up with the buffoonery and tomfoolery coming out of Africa. So I compiled a litany of the eccentricities and flat-out acts of buffoonery that I have come across in my research and work on Africa. Let me know which one you like the best. Enjoy.

In March 2017, Emmanuel Elibariki, a hip-hop artist, released a song in which he asked “is there still freedom of expression in Tanzania?” He was promptly arrested and his song banned from the airwaves. (The Economist, Oct 19, 2017; p.43).

The late president, Gen. Samuel Doe of Liberia summoned his finance minister – “only to be reminded by aides that he had already executed him” (The New York Times, Sept 13, 2003; p.A4).

In 2016, Uganda’s Parliament voted Shs68 million ($18,320) to cover the funeral expenses of each MP (Daily Monitor, Sept 15, 2016). Hand them over. I will bury them for FREE – with the Cutlass!

President Yoweri Museveni of Uganda wants to ban oral sex “the mouth is for eating” https://bit.ly/2ILs3RV

"Corruption is everywhere -- in the villages, wherever", Zambia's Lands Minister Gladys Nyirango acknowledged at a major conference on graft in Africa. Hours later she was SACKED. (Sapa-AFP, March 4, 2007).

A former minister of finance was found hiding – where else? -- in a coconut tree: “Zambia’s former finance minister, Katele Kalumba, was arrested and charged with theft after the police found him hiding in a tree near his rural home. Mr. Kalumba, who had been on the run for four months, is being charged in connection with some $33 million that vanished while he was in office (The New York Times, Jan 16, 2003; p.A8).

In Zimbabwe, the anti-corruption czar, Ngonidzashe Gumbo, was himself a bandit, jailed for 10 years for defrauding the commission of $435,000 (The Herald, March 12, 2015). https://bit.ly/2UCre4b

Zambia President Edgar Lungu is buying a new Presidential Jet fitted with a cutting edge military grade anti-missile defense system which fires lasers at incoming heat-seeking missiles (Zambia Observer, Oct 12, 2018). https://bit.ly/2UyS9ho

In Feb 2019, “The First Lady of Zambia, Esther Lungu, travelled to the US with a 25-man delegation to receive four fire trucks, which the Los Angeles Fire Department, had RETIRED from service” (Punch, Feb 7, 2019). Hopefully they did not fly back with the trucks!

When two coconuts fight . . . https://on.wsj.com/2PlEVzd

RWANDA: “I have caught you supporting rebels to destabilize my government. Take that! The border is closed!” (Delivers a sharp left hook). UGANDA: “Wui! . . . No, it is you who is destabilizing my government. Take that!” (Delivers a stiff upper cut). AU (the referee) is snoring zzzzzzzzzz and awakes: “I APPEAL to both of you to end hostilities!” And goes back to sleep zzzzzzzzzzzzz https://bit.ly/2SO3Agh https://bit.ly/2UzW39K

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Two journalists were arrested and charged with publishing false information for reporting that President Bingu wa Mutharika, had moved out of a new 300-room palace because he believed it was haunted. The two, Raphael Tenthani, who works for the BBC, and Mabvuto Banda of the newspaper The Nation, were reportedly taken in raids at their homes. Malawi newspapers and radio stations carried the ghost report over the weekend, quoting a senior official. Mr. Mutharika has angrily denied the reports, saying, "I have never feared ghosts in my life." (Agence France-Presse, March 16, 2005)

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Insecurity challenges heightened in Bayelsa State following separate incidents of kidnapping of four policemen and six other persons along Nembe waterways by gunmen suspected to be sea pirates. Sunday Independent gathered that the gunmen also seized a gunboat belonging to the Nigeria Police in an incident that occurred on Friday. Sources said the gunboat was escorting a barge owned by the Nigerian Agip Oil Company (NAOC) when the bandits struck (Daily Independent, October 26, 2014).

Coconut Eccentricities

Sudan

“Colonel Ibrahim Chamsadine was Sudan’s defense minister but was arrested and imprisoned in 1995 by Omar al-Bashir for opposing him. Later, the state claimed that he died in a plane crash on June 11, 2008. But he was found in a secret prison under a mosque in the Sudanese city of Omdurmanprison https://bit.ly/2YbKT9c

Mali

In March 1991, angry Malians took to the streets to demand democratic freedom from the despotic rule of Gen. Moussa Traore. He unleashed his security forces on them, killing scores, including women and children. But pro-democracy forces were not deterred and kept up the pressure. Asked to resign on March 25, he retorted: "I will not resign, my government will not resign, because I was elected not by the opposition but by all the people of Mali." Two days later, when he tried to flee the country, he was grabbed by his own security agents and sent to jail. From there, he lamented: "My fate is now in God’s hands."

Kenya

“President Daniel arap Moi has urged Kenyans to abstain from sex for at least two years to try to curb the spread of AIDS. . .Moi was speaking after the government announced plans to import 300 million condoms to fight AIDS” (The Telegraph, July 13, 2001)

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Uganda

Uganda’s Agriculture Minister, Kibirige Ssebunya, declared that: “All the poor should be arrested because they hinder us from performing our development duties. It is hard to lead the poor, and the poor cannot lead the rich. They should be eliminated" (New Vision, Kampala, Dec 15, 2004). He advised local leaders to arrest poor people in their areas of jurisdiction.

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Soldiers teach wealth creation

BUSHENYI- Soldiers implementing the newly established operational Wealth Creation program have urged farmers to stop being afraid of working with them, saying they are not a colonial army that used to force people to do community tasks. The appeal was made at a meeting for the program’s southwestern army coordinators in Bushenyi District last week. The project replaced Naads last year. The meeting was organized by the Uganda Coffee Development Authority (UCDA) aimed at harmonizing collaboration between UCDA and coordinators to improve the quality and production of coffee (Daily Monitor, Feb 24, 2015)

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No fewer than 300 Nigerian soldiers FLED to Cameroon when Boko Haram insurgents overran Mubi, the second largest city in Borno State from security forces on Oct 30, 2014 (SUNDAY PUNCH, Nov 2, 2014).

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Kibaki

In May 2005, Lucy Kibaki, one of the two wives of President Mwai Kibaki, was hopping mad. She stormed into the Nairobi office of The Daily Nation, confiscated notebooks, tape recorders and pens. Brandishing a copy of the newspaper, Mrs. Kibaki, flanked by several security officers and the Nairobi police chief, Kingori Mwangi, demanded to know the whereabouts of a reporter who had written a story headlined “Shame of First Lady” that offended her. “I am here to protest, and I’m not leaving until I find the reporter who has been writing all these lies,” a witness said. Mrs. Kibaki then camped herself for much of the night at the desk of the newspaper's editor, unleashing a fury of broadsides at the staff. When a local television crew arrived, she slapped a cameraman. The problem was that she chose the wrong newspaper to unleash her full fury. It was the rival Standard newspaper that had printed the offending article, not the Daily Nation. (The Daily Nation, May 9, 2005). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Nigeria

The Nigeria Security and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC) has proposed to spend N5 billion on the procurement of anti-terrorism, chemical, bio-radiation and NUCLEAR weapon equipment and other new projects. Breakdown of the budget by Daily Trust reveals that N254.2m was proposed for the procurement of NUCLEAR weapon equipment, as well as N196.6m for the purchase of two BMW 900 RT, 374 Sinoki motorcycles, 200 bikes and 30 rider kits. Daily Trust, Feb 21, 2018 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Zimbabwe

Three people have appeared in court in Zimbabwe, accused of stealing a suitcase containing $150,000 (£117,600) of cash from the country's ousted president, Robert Mugabe. The suspected thieves allegedly spent the money on cars, homes and animals. A relative of the ex-president, Constantia Mugabe, is among the accused, government-owned media report. She allegedly had keys to Mr Mugabe's rural home in Zvimba, near the capital Harare, and gave the others access. The other suspects were employed as cleaners at the time of the theft, which allegedly happened some time between 1 December and early January (BBC Jan 10, 2019) https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-46830960 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Kenya

In January 2000,Kenya’s ruling party’s (KANU’s) gang of thugs known as Jeshi la Mzee (“the old man’s army”), attacked a group of opposition leaders outside parliament who were protesting against the resumption of IMF assistance. When the police were called to restore order, “It was the protesters, not the thugs, who were arrested” (The Economist, Feb 5, 2000; p.42). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Zimbabwe

"In Zimbabwe, the thieves are in charge and their victims face prosecution" (The Economist, March 16, 2002; p.18). In 2000, Zimbabwe's Supreme Court ruled that invasions of white commercial farmlands by "war veterans" did not constitute a workable form of land redistribution -- a position, which was affirmed by a Commonwealth agreement struck in Abuja, Nigeria in Sept 2001. But President Robert Mugabe tossed the agreement aside, reconstituted the Supreme Court by packing it with pliant judges who then ruled on Dec 6 2001 that the violent land invasions were legal (The Economist, Dec 8, 2001; p.45).

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President Yoweri Museveni, who has been in power since 1986, was miffed in December 2017 when two Ugandan musicians suggested in a song that he should retire. The two were promptly arrested and charged with disturbing the peace of the president. “Singer David Mugema and music producer John Muwanguzi were accused of having composed and disseminated via the internet a tune titled “Wumula”, meaning “retire”, their lawyer Abdallah Kiwanuka told AFP” (Mail &Guardian, Dec 6, 2017).

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DR Congo frees goats from prison

A minister in the Democratic Republic of Congo has ordered a Kinshasa jail to release a dozen goats, which he said were being held there illegally. Deputy Justice Minister Claude Nyamugabo said he found the goats just in time during a routine jail visit. The beasts were due to appear in court, charged with being sold illegally by the roadside. The minister said many police had serious gaps in their knowledge and they would be sent for retraining. Mr Nyamugabo was conducting a routine visit to the prison when, he said, he was astonished to discover not only humans, but a herd of goats crammed into a prison cell in the capital. He has blamed the police for the incident.(Thank God, he didn’t blame the colonialists). It is not clear what will happen to the owners of the goats, who have also been imprisoned. BBC Africa analyst Mary Harper says that given the grim state of prisons in Congo, the goats will doubtless be relieved about being spared a trial. There was no word on what their punishment would have been, had they been found guilty.

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Traffic Drives Nigerians Nuts, but a Trip to a Shrink May Go Too Far Enforcement of One-Way Rules in Lagos Tests Motorists' Sanity; 'A Lot of Cannabis'

LAGOS, Nigeria—You'd have to be crazy to drive the wrong way down a one-way street here. At least, that's what cops in the local Anti-One-Way Squad say.

Seeking to stem an epidemic of wrong-way driving, Lagos authorities have ratcheted up the standard $160 fine. Scofflaws now also face psychiatric evaluations. Contesting the charge can jack up the fine to $1,600—and you still get sent to a shrink. The legal logic is simple, says Sina Thorpe, spokesman for the Lagos state ministry of transportation: If you violate one-way rules, "you should have your head examined." Threatening errant drivers with psychiatric exams, which locals deem more bureaucratic than medical, is a twist in the rough road of Nigerian traffic. Lagos bigwigs have long paid on-duty local cops to speed them through jams by riding shotgun with machine guns and menacing other drivers with bullwhips. Cut-price motorcycle taxis use thunderous horns that sound like 18-wheelers to frighten others out of the way. (The Wall Street Journal, July 27, 2011; p.A1

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Zambia: Zambia's Transport Minister, Nkandu Luo, acting to "improve sanity in the transportation industry" ordered all buses and taxis to be painted in same uniform color: Blue and white. The United Transport and Taxi Association (UTTA) who were not consulted on the move, claimed that the imposition of the colors "amounted to the worst form of dictatorship." "If they think it is such a good idea to have a uniform color, why don't they paint all government vehicles in the same blue and white so that they lead by example," UTTA member Mr. Bwalya Chupa complained. Passengers were not impressed either. "The buses should have been repaired before being smeared with a coat of paint," commuter Juliet Sefu opined. Rather than bring sanity to the transportation industry, most Zambians believe the Transport Minister has brought even further insanity to their already beleaguered transportation infrastructure (African Business, May 2001; p.13).

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Sierra Leone: The Sierra Leone Government is urging people to stop jeering and throwing stones at former military leader, Captain Valentine Strasser. A government statement said Captain Strasser had been embarrassed by people throwing stones at him and booing him when he ventured out on the streets of the capital, Freetown. "It is a great concern to the nation," the statement said (Daily Graphic, Accra, August 18, 2001; p.5).

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Uganda

Minister seeks to attract tourists: Uganda has sexy and curvy women . . . And coconuts too https://goo.gl/FXWsgi

Chad

The president built a moat around the capital to ward off rebel insurgency led by his relatives: “The government is digging a 10-foot-deep trench around the capital, Ndjamena, to prevent a repeat of an attack last month, when rebels in pickup trucks rolled in and fought two days of heavy battles. The ditch will all but encircle the city, slicing through neighborhoods and forcing vehicles to pass through fortified gateways, a security official said. The remaining trees that line the avenues of central Ndjamena are being felled. Residents say the rebels used trees knocked down by rocket-propelled grenades and cannon fire to block roads during the fighting” (Reuters reprinted in The New York Times, March 8, 2008). And who are the rebels? His own nephews and relatives. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwean President Emmerson Mnangagwa has launched a space agency, hailing it a "milestone" as he campaigns ahead of elections at the end of the month. The Zimbabwe National Geospatial and Space Agency will deploy earth observation satellites, global navigation satellite systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, geospatial and space technologies for better farming, mineral exploration, wildlife conservation, infrastructure management and disease surveillance, he said in Harare https://bit.ly/2GZCq3w

Coconut Combat on Corruption

In Feb 2014 when Lamidu Sanusi, the former governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria, reported that some $20 billion in oil revenue was missing, it was he, the governor, who was immediately sacked by ex-Pres. Goodluck Jonathan for financial recklessness and misconduct! (BBC News, Feb 20, 2014) https://bbc.in/2Kb8rsE

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Paul Biya Fights Corruption? Don’t snicker; my head it splitting already! The man is holed up in Switzerland watching over his Swiss bank accounts! Holds a cabinet meeting every 4 years. In Oct 2018 he won a 7th 7-year term without even campaigning. He has already been in power for 41 years https://bit.ly/2XWI4cG

Life in a coconut Republic

Liberia under Pres. Charles Taylor

“Wheel barrows serve as ambulances for the people. The public schools do not function; more than 70 percent of the population is illiterate. Yet, all government ministers have Ph.D.s – some even three or four – all purchased. At the University of Liberia, Charles Taylor offered 11,000 scholarships to his friends in 1997 but did not pay their tuition bills. Nor did his government pay the salaries of university professors and public school teacher . . . Liberia had a judicial system but Taylor named his friends who could not read or write to be judges and attorneys, and sentences were handed down on his orders . . . The capital has a fire building, painted bright red but its only fire truck has no tires, headlamps, or even a hose. Wires dangle from the engine. With no running water in the city, firefighters must jog or hitchhike to a creek three miles away to fetch water in buckets to put out a fire” (The Washington Post, Sep 9, 2003; p.A18). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nigeria

The late General Sani Abacha’s family thought they were smart. They hired Usman Mohammed Bello – a Sudanese from Karsala -- to look after their three children attending school in Amman, Jordan. Usman became a close confidante of Abacha with access to several coded foreign bank accounts opened by the late General. The family so trusted him that Abacha gave him diplomatic status in the Nigerian foreign office in Amman. He was also issued with both diplomatic passport number F317567 and a standard passport number A104786. Subsequently, Abacha was poisoned or died in 1998 from exhaustion from a Viagra-fueled sex orgy – depending on upon which version one believes. A short transitional government led to the election of President Olusegun Obasanjo in March 1999, who vowed to recover Abacha’s loot of about $5 billion from abroad. On October 1, 1999, Usman Bello vanished. A hysterical Abacha family appealed to Nigeria’s police and government for help in catching him! “Nigeria’s State Security Service from from (SSS) established that the Sudanese might have salted away millions of dollars entrusted to him by the Abacha family and may also be privy to other financial transactions of the family overseas, especially in the Arab world” (Weekly Insight, July 19-25, 2000; p.1). Only in a coconut republic would thieves appeal to the police to apprehend a thief! Even then, part of the Abacha loot that was recovered, was quickly re-looted! About $709 million and another ₤144 million were recovered from the loot the Abachas and his henchmen stashed abroad. But the Senate Public Accounts Committee found only $6.8 million and ₤2.8 million of the recovered booty in the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) (The Post Express (July 10, 2000).

Coconut Elections

Tanzania

The losing candidate lambasted voters, not his own incompetence, for losing an election: “The candidate of the Tanzania Labour Party (TLP), Augustine Mrema, did well in 1995 with another party, NCCR-Mageuzi, and less well with TLP in 2000. This time, he blamed the voters for betraying him. Mrema, a former home affairs minister who contested the 1995 elections as leader of his own party, chastised the voters for not choosing him previously. "I wonder why you have not given me votes to become president despite my impressive record as home affairs minister," he told a rally in Dar es Salaam broadcast live on radio and television. "I worked as deputy prime minister, which means I was boss to Mkapa and Sumaye, still you chose not to elect me president. Why? Some voters are hypocrites. They proclaim to support you but vote for other people. If you do not vote for me this time, you will have to explain." (Southen African News, Dec 16, 2005) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nigeria

To return Nigeria to civilian rule, the late military dictator, Gen. Sani Abacha, allowed only 5 political parties to be registered in 1996 and participate in the forthcoming elections. They all promptly chose HIM as their presidential candidate!

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Rwanda: On August 25, 2003, Paul Kagame, leader of the Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF), won 95.05 percent of the vote. His challenger, Faustin Twagiramungu, found his campaign stymied at every turn by government security forces. His rallies were canceled, his workers arrested and his brochures seized. On the eve of the voting, “police arrested 12 of Twagiramungu’s provincial organizers, saying they were preparing election day violence” (The Washington Times, Aug 28, 2003; p.A19). “In Twagiramungu’s home town, soldiers reportedly looked at ballot papers and ordered those who voted the wrong way to try again” (The Economist, Aug 30, 2003; p.32). Faustin Twagiramungu, won 3.62 percent and a third candidate, Jean Nepomuscene Nayinzira, had 1.33 percent (The New York Times, Aug 26, 2003; p.A6). In the 2010 elections Kagame won 93% of the vote and in the 2017 elections he won 99.98% of the vote! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Ethiopia: May 2015 election the opposition did not win a single parliamentary seat. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In Ghana’s 1996 presidential election, opposition candidate, Col. Erskine did not win a single vote in his own constituency. In other words, he did not would vote for himself and neither did his wife and four children. He was livid. When he complained bitterly on a radio program, the electoral commissioner tossed six votes his way. Marriage breaker election. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Egypt

In Egypt’s March 2018 elections all of those who expressed an interest to contest either disappeared or were thrown into jail. The main challenger was arrested and his campaign manager beaten up. The only candidate allowed to run was Mousa Mostafa Mousa. He was a strong supporter of the president. In fact, his own party previously endorsed the incumbent, Abdel Fattahh al-Sisi, who won 97% of the vote. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Zimbabwe

In Zimbabwe’s July 2018 election bore all the hallmarks of the long-ruling ZANU-PF party’s usual machinations. Voters included more than 1,000 people about 100 years old and older; four were even born in the 1880s. Emmerson Mnangagwa (the incumbent) won 50.8% of votes to 44.3% for opposition leader Nelson Chamisa. He scraped through by the skin of his teeth to avoid a runoff! Yeah right! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Congo DR The Mother of all Coconut elections took place in Congo DR on Dec 30, 2018 after being twice postponed. Vote in 3 opposition areas were postponed to March 2019. Rest of the country voted on Dec 30. The Electoral Commissioner declared Felix Tshisekedi, an opposition candidate, as the winner on Jan 15. There was widespread speculation that the incumbent, Joseph Kabila, had made a secret pact with Tshisekedi. The Catholic Church disagreed with the results, giving the nod to another opposition candidate, Martin Fayulu, who declared himself president. A nasty political crisis erupted which wend its way to the Constitutional Court. Awoken out of its slumber, the African Union with indecent haste ordered the Court to hold off and wait for its high level and high profile delegation to come to Kinshasa to resolve the crisis. And the Chairman of the AU seeking to resolve an election dispute? Prez PAUL KAGAME of Rwanda who in Aug 2017 tossed his political rival, Diane Rwigara, into jail and won 99.98% of vote in presidential election https://goo.gl/URjASb The Court told the AU to butt out and mind his own business. It went ahead and confirmed Tshisekedi as the winner. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Coconut Security Forces Mauritania

State news: Mauritania's president mistakenly shot by his nation's troops

(CNN) -- Mauritanian President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz, who came under fire from his own troops just hours before, took to his country's airwaves Sunday, saying the shooting incident was an accident. "I want to reassure all citizens of my well-being after the accident committed by an army unit on an unpaved road around Touela. ... Everything is fine," he said in an interview broadcast on official Mauritanian television. Troops shot the president late Saturday in what the government is calling a case of "friendly fire" -- though others believe it may have been an assassination attempt. Aziz's convoy mistakenly came under fire as it was heading back toward the capital of Nouakchott, the official AMI news agency reported. The gunshots came from a military unit stationed alongside the road in the west African country. http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/13/world/africa/mauritania-president-shot/index.html By Amir Ahmed, CNN, October 14, 2012 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Kenya

In Africa, most of the police are highway robbers and judges, crooks. Tell a police officer that you saw a minister stealing the people’s money and it is you he will arrest! Asked to investigate the brutal murders of Robert Ouko and British tourist, Julie Ward, Kenya police issued this report: “Foreign Minister Robert Ouko was presumed to have broken his own leg, shot himself in the head and set himself afire. Two years earlier, Kenyan officials suggested that a British tourist, Julie Ward, lopped off her own head and one of her legs before setting herself aflame” (The Washington Post, April 20, 2001; p. A19). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Ghana

The security forces can unleash the full force of their fury on unarmed civilians with batons, tear gas, water canons and rubber bullets. But how really brave are the security forces? On 16 December 1998, Corporal C. Darko and Constable K. A. Boateng at a Police Station in Accra, Ghana, were instructed to go and arrest Samuel Quartey, who was reported to police for being involved in a theft case. "When the suspect came out brandishing a cutlass (a machete), the police officers took to their heels with the speed of lightning that could have made an enviable record had they been timed" (The Mirror, 2 Jan 1999, 1). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Soldiers on guard duties at the Ghana Broadcasting Corporation no longer guard an observation post behind the TV studios because of a ghost who slaps officers who go on duty there at night. In September, 1994, an officer on guard at that sentry came running to the head of security complaining of an invincible hand which had on two occasions pulled his helmet from his head and slapped him. The senior officer, unmoved by the soldier's story, decided to prove him wrong by manning the post himself. Within an hour, the senior officer fled to the office telling a similar tale, this time the ghost allegedly smacked him four times on the face (Ghana Drum, Feb 1995; p.33). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nigeria

On July 23, 1998, Colonel Anthony Obi, Osun State's military administrator, strutted pompously to deliver a speech at a state function at Osogbo in the southwestern part of Lagos, Nigeria. As the Daily Champion (24 July 1998) reported: "Panic stricken Nigerian officials ran for safety when first a rat and then a python, apparently drawn by the smell of the rat, made a sudden appearance. The officials leapt up from their seats when the rat, described as having a "long snout and offensive smell," appeared from beneath the carpet by the high table. Colonel Anthony Obi, Osun State's military administrator, and his entourage nervously returned after security agents intervened and killed the beast. (p.1) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Kenya

Ambushed by bunch of rag-tag cattle rustlers, Kenya’s elite presidential guards quickly surrendered. Johann Wandetto, a reporter for the People Daily, a newspaper in Kitale, Rift Valley province, submitted a story in the March 6, 1999 edition with the title: “Militia men rout 8 crack unit officers: Shock as Moi’s men surrender meekly.” Wandetto was immediately arrested and sentenced to 18 months in prison on what the court described as an “alarmist report” (Index on Censorship, 3/2000; p.99). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Congo DR

Nor can the security forces shoot straight. When civil war broke out in the DR Congo in 1997, Chad sent in troops to help the regime of Laurent Kabila stave off rebel attacks. What happened? “Congo rebels said 93 Chadian soldiers were killed in an ambush by Kabila government troops who mistook their identities. Chad, one of the nations allied with the Kabila regime, insisted the toll was lower” (The Wall Street Journal, Nov 12, 1998, A1). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sudan

And the mother of all security forces? When the African Union (AU) peacekeepers' base on the edge of Haskanita, a small town in southern Darfur, came under sustained rebel assault on Sept 29, 2007, they fled into the bush. “Ten were killed; at least 40 fled into the bush. The attackers looted the compound before Sudanese troops arrived to rescue the surviving peacekeepers” (The Economist, Oct 11, 2007; p.48) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Hoisted by own petard

Ousted Mauritania leader in shock

The former president of the West African state of Mauritania has said he was stunned by the coup that ousted him from power. Army officers overthrew President Maaouiya Ould Sid Ahmed Taya in a bloodless revolt on Wednesday. Speaking for the first time since the coup, Mr Taya said he had been shocked to find out who was behind it. He was toppled by the former security chief and close colleague, Colonel Ely Ould Mohammed Vall. "My situation reminds me of the old adage: 'God, save me from my friends, I'll take care of my enemies'," President Taya told Radio France Internationale from Niger. "I was stunned by the coup d'etat [...] and even more so when I heard who were the authors," Mr Taya said. President Taya, who survived a number of coup attempts in his 21-year rule, was returning from the funeral of King Fahd in Saudi Arabia when the coup took place. Col Vall, 55, has been director of national security since 1987 and, after played a key role in the 1984 coup which brought Mr Taya to power. Critics accuse the government of using the US-led war on terror to crack down on his opponents. Mr Taya had also prompted widespread opposition by establishing links with Israel, making Mauritania one of only three Arab states to have done so. The following presidents were removed by members of their own security forces: Ben Ali of Tunisia in 2011, Hosni Mubarak of Egypt in 2011, Abdelaziz Bouteflika of Algeria in April 2019 and Omar al-Bashir of Sudan in April 2019. They never learn and keep spending more and more on security forces. In the end they are booted out by members of their own security forces. Guinea

GUINEA: PRESIDENT ESCAPES ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT Guinea's leader, Lansana Conté, survived an assassination attempt, his security minister said, after unidentified men in military uniforms fired on his convoy. Mr. Conté, 70, a diabetic chain-smoker who has no obvious successor and is rarely seen in public, later appeared on state television. Military officials said his bodyguards returned fire and foiled the attack. Security Minister Moussa Sampil said that an unspecified number of people had been detained. In his television address, Mr. Conté spoke of "external manipulations" against him but added, "Personally, I only fear my close aides, who pretend they are with me while they are not sincere." (Reuters, Jan 20, 2005). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Hundreds of marauding soldiers fired guns in the air in the streets of Conakry and other towns around the country on Friday, further threatening the ability of Guinea's beleaguered president Lansana Conte to govern. Banks, schools, markets and shops all closed at around 11.30am as news spread that heavily armed soldiers were marching into town, after talks between senior military officials and soldiers at a military base near the airport collapsed. "We want the leaders who stole our wages and betrayed us to step down," one of the soldiers marching in central Conakry close to the presidential palace, told IRIN on Friday afternoon. In the morning IRIN also saw presidential guards, distinguished by their red berets, in the center of the city. They were shooting in the air in what appeared to be an attempt to scare off the mutinous soldiers, but the presidential guards were outnumbered and eventually FLED! UN Integrated Regional Information Networks NEWS 11 May 2007

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http://www.punchng.com/news/mubi-battle-300-nigerian-soldiers-flee-to-cameroon-again/

Boko Haram has seized control of a Nigerian town after hundreds of soldiers stationed there reportedly FLED across the border to Cameroon, a police source said. "Boko Haram fighters moved into Ashigashya" overnight on Monday, where they slaughtered three people in front of a church, a Cameroon police source told the AFP news agency on Tuesday on condition of anonymity. “Almost 500 Nigerian soldiers FLED the Nigerian border towns of Ashigashyia and Kerawa to take refuge from Boko Haram fighters on Cameroonian territory” (Al-Jazeera, Aug 26, 2014) www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2014/08/boko-haram-seizes-town-after-soldiers-flee-2014826181311739107.html

Islamist extremist group Boko Haram seized control of a Nigerian town of Malam Fatori, near the Niger border, after soldiers FLED, an official told the AFP. . . The fighting killed dozens and wounded about 30 people in the a commercial hub known for fishing and farming, the Anfani radio station in Diffa reported. “The town of Malam Fatori was taken by Boko Haram after violent fighting with the Nigerian army overnight,” said the official in Diffa. According to the official, 315 Nigerian soldiers FLED over the border to Diffa. Thirteen who were wounded were treated in a Diffa hospital, while the others have been repatriated (Today, Nov 10, 2014) HTTP://WWW.TODAY.NG/NEWS/315-NIGERIAN-SOLDIERS-FLEE-TO-NIGER-AS-BOKO-HARAM-RAIDS-TAKES-CONTROL-OF-ANOTHER-TOWN-IN-BORNO/

“NO fewer than 480 Nigerian soldiers have FLED into Cameroon following fierce fighting with Boko Haram insurgents. The Cameroonian Army Spokesman, Lt Col Didier Badjek, who confirmed this, said the troops had already been disarmed. (Cameroon Daily, Jan 20, 2015).

HTTP://WWW.CAMEROONDAILY.NET/2014/08/480-NIGERIAN-SOLDIERS-FLEE-TO-CAMEROON.HTML

Mercifully there is the Coconut Cure

In Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, there is a place called "the magic corner," where all and sundry, including politicians, come to be relieved or cured of their problems. "Even those top leaders of the government come to that tree," said Shabuni Haruni, a private security guard. "Yes, during the election." Upon the payment of a small fee, a traditional healer ("witch doctor") would take a patient to a huge baobab tree, reputed to be the abode of ancestral spirits. Patients remove their shoes, kneel in front of the tree with their eyes closed. At one session described by The Washington Post correspondent, Karl Vick, "Rykia Selengia, a traditional healer, passed a coconut around and around the head of her kneeling client. The coconut went around the man's left arm, then the right, then each leg. When she handed the coconut to the client, Mussa Norris, he hurled it onto a stone. It shattered, releasing his problems to the winds." (The Washington Post, Nov 12, 2001; p. A21).

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