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mostlysignssomeportents · 7 months ago

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Algorithmic feeds are a twiddler’s playground

Next TUESDAY (May 14), I'm on a livecast about AI AND ENSHITTIFICATION with TIM O'REILLY; on WEDNESDAY (May 15), I'm in NORTH HOLLYWOOD with HARRY SHEARER for a screening of STEPHANIE KELTON'S FINDING THE MONEY; FRIDAY (May 17), I'm at the INTERNET ARCHIVE in SAN FRANCISCO to keynote the 10th anniversary of the AUTHORS ALLIANCE.

Like Oscar Wilde, "I can resist anything except temptation," and my slow and halting journey to adulthood is really just me grappling with this fact, getting temptation out of my way before I can yield to it.

Behavioral economists have a name for the steps we take to guard against temptation: a "Ulysses pact." That's when you take some possibility off the table during a moment of strength in recognition of some coming moment of weakness:

https://archive.org/details/decentralizedwebsummit2016-corydoctorow

Famously, Ulysses did this before he sailed into the Sea of Sirens. Rather than stopping his ears with wax to prevent his hearing the sirens' song, which would lure him to his drowning, Ulysses has his sailors tie him to the mast, leaving his ears unplugged. Ulysses became the first person to hear the sirens' song and live to tell the tale.

Ulysses was strong enough to know that he would someday be weak. He expressed his strength by guarding against his weakness. Our modern lives are filled with less epic versions of the Ulysses pact: the day you go on a diet, it's a good idea to throw away all your Oreos. That way, when your blood sugar sings its siren song at 2AM, it will be drowned out by the rest of your body's unwillingness to get dressed, find your keys and drive half an hour to the all-night grocery store.

Note that this Ulysses pact isn't perfect. You might drive to the grocery store. It's rare that a Ulysses pact is unbreakable – we bind ourselves to the mast, but we don't chain ourselves to it and slap on a pair of handcuffs for good measure.

People who run institutions can – and should – create Ulysses pacts, too. A company that holds the kind of sensitive data that might be subjected to "sneak-and-peek" warrants by cops or spies can set up a "warrant canary":

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warrant_canary

This isn't perfect. A company that stops publishing regular transparency reports might have been compromised by the NSA, but it's also possible that they've had a change in management and the new boss just doesn't give a shit about his users' privacy:

https://www.fastcompany.com/90853794/twitters-transparency-reporting-has-tanked-under-elon-musk

Likewise, a company making software it wants users to trust can release that code under an irrevocable free/open software license, thus guaranteeing that each release under that license will be free and open forever. This is good, but not perfect: the new boss can take that free/open code down a proprietary fork and try to orphan the free version:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39772562

A company can structure itself as a public benefit corporation and make a binding promise to elevate its stakeholders' interests over its shareholders' – but the CEO can still take a secret $100m bribe from cryptocurrency creeps and try to lure those stakeholders into a shitcoin Ponzi scheme:

https://fortune.com/crypto/2024/03/11/kickstarter-blockchain-a16z-crypto-secret-investment-chris-dixon/

A key resource can be entrusted to a nonprofit with a board of directors who are charged with stewarding it for the benefit of a broad community, but when a private equity fund dangles billions before that board, they can talk themselves into a belief that selling out is the right thing to do:

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/12/how-we-saved-org-2020-review

Ulysses pacts aren't perfect, but they are very important. At the very least, creating a Ulysses pact starts with acknowledging that you are fallible. That you can be tempted, and rationalize your way into taking bad action, even when you know better. Becoming an adult is a process of learning that your strength comes from seeing your weaknesses and protecting yourself and the people who trust you from them.

Which brings me to enshittification. Enshittification is the process by which platforms betray their users and their customers by siphoning value away from each until the platform is a pile of shit:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enshittification

Enshittification is a spectrum that can be applied to many companies' decay, but in its purest form, enshittification requires:

a) A platform: a two-sided market with business customers and end users who can be played off against each other; b) A digital back-end: a market that can be easily, rapidly and undetectably manipulated by its owners, who can alter search-rankings, prices and costs on a per-user, per-query basis; and c) A lack of constraint: the platform's owners must not fear a consequence for this cheating, be it from competitors, regulators, workforce resignations or rival technologists who use mods, alternative clients, blockers or other "adversarial interoperability" tools to disenshittify your product and sever your relationship with your users.

he founders of tech platforms don't generally set out to enshittify them. Rather, they are constantly seeking some equilibrium between delivering value to their shareholders and turning value over to end users, business customers, and their own workers. Founders are consummate rationalizers; like parenting, founding a company requires continuous, low-grade self-deception about the amount of work involved and the chances of success. A founder, confronted with the likelihood of failure, is absolutely capable of talking themselves into believing that nearly any compromise is superior to shuttering the business: "I'm one of the good guys, so the most important thing is for me to live to fight another day. Thus I can do any number of immoral things to my users, business customers or workers, because I can make it up to them when we survive this crisis. It's for their own good, even if they don't know it. Indeed, I'm doubly moral here, because I'm volunteering to look like the bad guy, just so I can save this business, which will make the world over for the better":

https://locusmag.com/2024/05/cory-doctorow-no-one-is-the-enshittifier-of-their-own-story/

(En)shit(tification) flows downhill, so tech workers grapple with their own version of this dilemma. Faced with constant pressure to increase the value flowing from their division to the company, they have to balance different, conflicting tactics, like "increasing the number of users or business customers, possibly by shifting value from the company to these stakeholders in the hopes of making it up in volume"; or "locking in my existing stakeholders and squeezing them harder, safe in the knowledge that they can't easily leave the service provided the abuse is subtle enough." The bigger a company gets, the harder it is for it to grow, so the biggest companies realize their gains by locking in and squeezing their users, not by improving their service::

https://pluralistic.net/2023/07/28/microincentives-and-enshittification/

That's where "twiddling" comes in. Digital platforms are extremely flexible, which comes with the territory: computers are the most flexible tools we have. This means that companies can automate high-speed, deceptive changes to the "business logic" of their platforms – what end users pay, how much of that goes to business customers, and how offers are presented to both:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/02/19/twiddler/

This kind of fraud isn't particularly sophisticated, but it doesn't have to be – it just has to be fast. In any shell-game, the quickness of the hand deceives the eye:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/03/26/glitchbread/#electronic-shelf-tags

Under normal circumstances, this twiddling would be constrained by counterforces in society. Changing the business rules like this is fraud, so you'd hope that a regulator would step in and extinguish the conduct, fining the company that engaged in it so hard that they saw a net loss from the conduct. But when a sector gets very concentrated, its mega-firms capture their regulators, becoming "too big to jail":

https://pluralistic.net/2022/06/05/regulatory-capture/

Thus the tendency among the giant tech companies to practice the one lesson of the Darth Vader MBA: dismissing your stakeholders' outrage by saying, "I am altering the deal. Pray I don't alter it any further":

https://pluralistic.net/2023/10/26/hit-with-a-brick/#graceful-failure

Where regulators fail, technology can step in. The flexibility of digital platforms cuts both ways: when the company enshittifies its products, you can disenshittify it with your own countertwiddling: third-party ink-cartridges, alternative app stores and clients, scrapers, browser automation and other forms of high-tech guerrilla warfare:

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2019/10/adversarial-interoperability

But tech giants' regulatory capture have allowed them to expand "IP rights" to prevent this self-help. By carefully layering overlapping IP rights around their products, they can criminalize the technology that lets you wrestle back the value they've claimed for themselves, creating a new offense of "felony contempt of business model":

https://locusmag.com/2020/09/cory-doctorow-ip/

A world where users must defer to platforms' moment-to-moment decisions about how the service operates, without the protection of rival technology or regulatory oversight is a world where companies face a powerful temptation to enshittify.

That's why we've seen so much enshittification in platforms that algorithmically rank their feeds, from Google and Amazon search to Facebook and Twitter feeds. A search engine is always going to be making a judgment call about what the best result for your search should be. If a search engine is generally good at predicting which results will please you best, you'll return to it, automatically clicking the first result ("I'm feeling lucky").

This means that if a search engine slips in the odd paid result at the top of the results, they can exploit your trusting habits to shift value from you to their investors. The congifurability of a digital service means that they can sprinkle these frauds into their services on a random schedule, making them hard to detect and easy to dismiss as lapses. Gradually, this acquires its own momentum, and the platform becomes addicted to lowering its own quality to raise its profits, and you get modern Google, which cynically lowered search quality to increase search volume:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/04/24/naming-names/#prabhakar-raghavan

And you get Amazon, which makes $38 billion every year, accepting bribes to replace its best search results with paid results for products that cost more and are of lower quality:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/11/06/attention-rents/#consumer-welfare-queens

Social media's enshittification followed a different path. In the beginning, social media presented a deterministic feed: after you told the platform who you wanted to follow, the platform simply gathered up the posts those users made and presented them to you, in reverse-chronological order.

This presented few opportunities for enshittification, but it wasn't perfect. For users who were well-established on a platform, a reverse-chrono feed was an ungovernable torrent, where high-frequency trivialities drowned out the important posts from people whose missives were buried ten screens down in the updates since your last login.

For new users who didn't yet follow many people, this presented the opposite problem: an empty feed, and the sense that you were all alone while everyone else was having a rollicking conversation down the hall, in a room you could never find.

The answer was the algorithmic feed: a feed of recommendations drawn from both the accounts you followed and strangers alike. Theoretically, this could solve both problems, by surfacing the most important materials from your friends while keeping you abreast of the most important and interesting activity beyond your filter bubble. For many of us, this promise was realized, and algorithmic feeds became a source of novelty and relevance.

But these feeds are a profoundly tempting enshittification target. The critique of these algorithms has largely focused on "addictiveness" and the idea that platforms would twiddle the knobs to increase the relevance of material in your feed to "hack your engagement":

https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/mar/04/has-dopamine-got-us-hooked-on-tech-facebook-apps-addiction

Less noticed – and more important – was how platforms did the opposite: twiddling the knobs to remove things from your feed that you'd asked to see or that the algorithm predicted you'd enjoy, to make room for "boosted" content and advertisements:

https://www.reddit.com/r/Instagram/comments/z9j7uy/what_happened_to_instagram_only_ads_and_accounts/

Users were helpless before this kind of twiddling. On the one hand, they were locked into the platform – not because their dopamine had been hacked by evil tech-bro wizards – but because they loved the friends they had there more than they hated the way the service was run:

https://locusmag.com/2023/01/commentary-cory-doctorow-social-quitting/

On the other hand, the platforms had such an iron grip on their technology, and had deployed IP so cleverly, that any countertwiddling technology was instantaneously incinerated by legal death-rays:

https://techcrunch.com/2022/10/10/google-removes-the-og-app-from-the-play-store-as-founders-think-about-next-steps/

Newer social media platforms, notably Tiktok, dispensed entirely with deterministic feeds, defaulting every user into a feed that consisted entirely of algorithmic picks; the people you follow on these platforms are treated as mere suggestions by their algorithms. This is a perfect breeding-ground for enshittification: different parts of the business can twiddle the knobs to override the algorithm for their own parochial purposes, shifting the quality:shit ratio by unnoticeable increments, temporarily toggling the quality knob when your engagement drops off:

https://www.forbes.com/sites/emilybaker-white/2023/01/20/tiktoks-secret-heating-button-can-make-anyone-go-viral/

All social platforms want to be Tiktok: nominally, that's because Tiktok's algorithmic feed is so good at hooking new users and keeping established users hooked. But tech bosses also understand that a purely algorithmic feed is the kind of black box that can be plausibly and subtly enshittified without sparking user revolts:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/01/21/potemkin-ai/#hey-guys

Back in 2004, when Mark Zuckerberg was coming to grips with Facebook's success, he boasted to a friend that he was sitting on a trove of emails, pictures and Social Security numbers for his fellow Harvard students, offering this up for his friend's idle snooping. The friend, surprised, asked "What? How'd you manage that one?"

Infamously, Zuck replied, "People just submitted it. I don't know why. They 'trust me.' Dumb fucks."

https://www.esquire.com/uk/latest-news/a19490586/mark-zuckerberg-called-people-who-handed-over-their-data-dumb-f/

This was a remarkable (and uncharacteristic) self-aware moment from the then-nineteen-year-old Zuck. Of course Zuck couldn't be trusted with that data. Whatever Jiminy Cricket voice told him to safeguard that trust was drowned out by his need to boast to pals, or participate in the creepy nonconsensual rating of the fuckability of their female classmates. Over and over again, Zuckerberg would promise to use his power wisely, then break that promise as soon as he could do so without consequence:

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3247362

Zuckerberg is a cautionary tale. Aware from the earliest moments that he was amassing power that he couldn't be trusted with, he nevertheless operated with only the weakest of Ulysses pacts, like a nonbinding promise never to spy on his users:

https://web.archive.org/web/20050107221705/http://www.thefacebook.com/policy.php

But the platforms have learned the wrong lesson from Zuckerberg. Rather than treating Facebook's enshittification as a cautionary tale, they've turned it into a roadmap. The Darth Vader MBA rules high-tech boardrooms.

Algorithmic feeds and other forms of "paternalistic" content presentation are necessary and even desirable in an information-rich environment. In many instances, decisions about what you see must be largely controlled by a third party whom you trust. The audience in a comedy club doesn't get to insist on knowing the punchline before the joke is told, just as RPG players don't get to order the Dungeon Master to present their preferred challenges during a campaign.

But this power is balanced against the ease of the players replacing the Dungeon Master or the audience walking out on the comic. When you've got more than a hundred dollars sunk into a video game and an online-only friend-group you raid with, the games company can do a lot of enshittification without losing your business, and they know it:

https://www.theverge.com/2024/5/10/24153809/ea-in-game-ads-redux

Even if they sometimes overreach and have to retreat:

https://www.eurogamer.net/sony-overturns-helldivers-2-psn-requirement-following-backlash

A tech company that seeks your trust for an algorithmic feed needs Ulysses pacts, or it will inevitably yield to the temptation to enshittify. From strongest to weakest, these are:

Not showing you an algorithmic feed at all;

https://joinmastodon.org/

"Composable moderation" that lets multiple parties provide feeds:

https://bsky.social/about/blog/4-13-2023-moderation

Offering an algorithmic "For You" feed alongside of a reverse-chrono "Friends" feed, defaulting to friends;

https://pluralistic.net/2022/12/10/e2e/#the-censors-pen

As above, but defaulting to "For You"

Maturity lies in being strong enough to know your weaknesses. Never trust someone who tells you that they will never yield to temptation! Instead, seek out people – and service providers – with the maturity and honesty to know how tempting temptation is, and who act before temptation strikes to make it easier to resist.

If you'd like an essay-formatted version of this post to read or share, here's a link to it on pluralistic.net, my surveillance-free, ad-free, tracker-free blog:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/05/11/for-you/#the-algorithm-tm

Image: Cryteria (modified) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HAL9000.svg

CC BY 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en

djhughman https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Modular_synthesizer_-_%22Control_Voltage%22_electronic_music_shop_in_Portland_OR_-_School_Photos_PCC_%282015-05-23_12.43.01_by_djhughman%29.jpg

CC BY 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en

#pluralistic #twiddling #for you #enshittification #intermediation #the algorithm tm #moral hazard #end to end

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harshtechseo · 8 months ago

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Top 10+ Free Forum Posting Sites List for 2024

In the digital age, where connections are made with a click and conversations span continents, online forums remain a cornerstone of the internet community.

These virtual gathering places serve as hubs of discussion, information exchange, and camaraderie for individuals with shared interests. Whether you're seeking advice, sharing knowledge, or simply engaging in lively debates, forums offer a platform where voices can be heard and connections can be forged. In this ever-evolving landscape, here are ten free forum posting sites that stand out as beacons of community in 2024.

1. Proko

Website: Proko

Artists and art enthusiasts converge on Proko's forum, where discussions range from technique tips to critique sessions, fostering a supportive community of creatives.

2. Rocket Software

Website: Rocket Software

With a focus on technology and software development, Rocket Software's forum provides a platform for professionals to share insights, troubleshoot issues, and collaborate on projects.

3. Roomstyler

Website: Roomstyler

Interior design aficionados gather on Roomstyler's forum to exchange ideas, showcase their designs, and seek inspiration for their next home decor project.

4. Ads of the World

Website: Ads of the World

Marketers, advertisers, and creative minds converge on Ads of the World's forum to dissect the latest ad campaigns, share industry insights, and brainstorm ideas for future projects.

5. RoutineHub

Website: RoutineHub

Developers and enthusiasts of iOS shortcuts gather on RoutineHub's forum to share their creations, troubleshoot issues, and collaborate on new shortcut ideas to streamline daily tasks.

6. Reddcoin Wiki

Website: Reddcoin Wiki

Crypto enthusiasts and supporters of Reddcoin engage in discussions on the Reddcoin Wiki forum, sharing news, updates, and insights into the world of digital currencies and blockchain technology.

7. Plaza Pública CDMX

Website: Plaza Pública CDMX

Citizens of Mexico City gather on Plaza Pública CDMX's forum to discuss local issues, share resources, and organize community events, fostering civic engagement and participation.

8. Kitsu

Website: Kitsu

Anime and manga fans unite on Kitsu's forum to discuss their favorite series, recommend new titles, and connect with like-minded individuals who share their passion for Japanese pop culture.

9. Glitch

Website: Glitch

Developers and creators converge on Glitch's forum to share coding tips, troubleshoot issues, and collaborate on projects using Glitch's collaborative coding platform.

10. Product Hunt

Website: Product Hunt

Entrepreneurs, innovators, and tech enthusiasts gather on Product Hunt's forum to discover and discuss the latest products, apps, and startups making waves in the digital world.

In a world where digital connections often feel fleeting and ephemeral, online forums offer a sense of community and belonging that transcends geographical boundaries. Whether you're a seasoned professional seeking to expand your network or a hobbyist looking to connect with others who share your passions, these free forum posting sites provide a platform where voices can be heard, ideas can be exchanged, and meaningful connections can be forged. So dive in, join the conversation, and become a part of the vibrant online communities that define the internet landscape in 2024.

#seo services #1950s #trending #tumblr milestone #seo

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emon-khalid · 2 months ago

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The Evolution of Web 2.0

The Evolution of Web 2.0: Transforming the Internet Experience

The internet has come a long way since its inception, and one of the most significant milestones in its evolution is Web 2.0. This term, first coined in the early 2000s, represents the shift from static web pages to dynamic, user-driven platforms. With the rise of social media, user-generated content, and interactive online services, Web 2.0 has revolutionized the way we connect, communicate, and create.

What is Web 2.0?

In simple terms, Web 2.0 refers to the transformation of the web into a more interactive and collaborative space. Unlike its predecessor, Web 1.0, which primarily consisted of static websites where users could only consume content, Web 2.0 allows users to actively participate in the creation and sharing of information. This paradigm shift has led to the rise of social networks, blogs, wikis, and other platforms that encourage collaboration and community building.

Key Features of Web 2.0:

User-Generated Content: Platforms like YouTube, Twitter, and Wikipedia have made it easier than ever for users to create and share their own content, whether it's videos, articles, or social media posts.

Social Networking: Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn are prime examples of Web 2.0's emphasis on building online communities where people can connect, share experiences, and collaborate.

Interactive Interfaces: Technologies like AJAX and APIs enable more dynamic, responsive web pages that allow real-time updates without refreshing the page. This has greatly enhanced the user experience, particularly on social media platforms.

Rich User Experiences: Web 2.0 applications are designed with the user in mind, making it easy to navigate, interact with, and personalize their online experiences.

The Impact of Web 2.0 on Digital Culture

Web 2.0 has empowered individuals to have a voice in the digital world. Blogs, forums, and social media platforms have democratized content creation, giving anyone with an internet connection the ability to publish their thoughts, ideas, and creations to a global audience.

For businesses, this shift has created new opportunities for engagement with consumers. Brands are now able to interact with customers directly through social media platforms, fostering a sense of community and loyalty.

Moreover, the rise of influencers and content creators on platforms like YouTube and Instagram has changed the landscape of marketing. People trust recommendations from peers and influencers more than traditional advertising, and brands have quickly adapted to this new form of communication.

What’s Next After Web 2.0?

As technology continues to advance, discussions around the next phase of the web—often referred to as Web 3.0—have begun. While Web 2.0 focuses on user interaction and community-driven content, Web 3.0 promises to take things even further by incorporating artificial intelligence, machine learning, and decentralized technologies like blockchain. In this new era, the web could become even more personalized, secure, and user-centric.

Conclusion

Web 2.0 has truly transformed the way we interact with the internet, bringing about an age of collaboration, connection, and creativity. As we look forward to the future, it's exciting to imagine how the web will continue to evolve and shape our digital experiences.

What are your thoughts on the future of the web? Share in the comments below!

For more details on the history and significance of Web 2.0, check out these sources:

The History of Web 2.0

Understanding Web 2.0 Concept

#Web2point0 #InternetEvolution #DigitalCulture #TechTrends #WebHistory #SocialMediaRevolution #UserGeneratedContent #FutureOfTheWeb #WebTechnology #InteractiveWeb

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spitblaze · 1 year ago

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I think that there is definitely a place for AI, but it just feels like the companies behind it are trying to make their products the answer to everything, even when it doesn’t make sense, like when crypto and blockchain were starting

Like I don’t want AI writing wikis, that should just be a data entry any prediction on that part is a problem and probably inaccurate

Or an article trying to tell me how a blue moon actually gives of blue light

Like every good tool it should be the answer to a problem, but the problem popular AI seems to be solving is companies don’t want to pay people for content

But your examples of someone making their own models and sourcing their own data is fine in my opinion

oh absolutely, in no fuckin universe is AI any sort of replacement for a human being with fact checking capabilities and the ability to actually know and understand things. Most of its current use within industry is a load of grifter shit, and I'll be surprised if it works out in the long run with how hard it is for companies to like...actually turn any sort of profit with it lmao. Yeah no my advocacy for generative art starts with 'harmless (and clearly labeled) goofs' and ends with 'one of many items in an artist's toolkit'. ChatGPT in particular has materially made the internet worse and in a hilarious twist of fate has output so much garbage that its made ITSELF worse.

#spitblaze says things

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greatwyrmgold · 1 year ago

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I'd like to remind people that Web 2.0 != big social media sites. Web 2.0 includes social media, but there's a stage that's being missed.

Web 1.0 refers to the earliest stages of the Internet as we know it. Static pages without much capacity for end user interaction. This stage is reasonably well understood, and not the topic I want to discuss today.

Proto-Web 2.0 was basically just Web 1.0, but with comment sections. You know, the ancestor of Disquis. "User-generated content" as a supplement to static Web 1.0 stuff.

Then there were things like BBCode forums. These were little websites where communities with a common interest gather to talk about them. Websites built around "user-generated content" as a core feature. Some (including forums I spent a lot of time on in high school like Bay12 and GitP) are forums bolted to the side of "static" content like opinion pieces or indie video game projects; others are just forums.

(There's also stuff like wikis and 4chan which I think operate on roughly the same wavelength, but I don't have much experience with them. Aside from reading wikis, of course.)

Then there's the social media we all know and loathe today—centralized, algorithm-heavy, data-hungry, monolithic. They dominate the modern web for a whole host of economic reasons I don't really want to get into, and are what most people mean when they say Web 2.0.

And those people are wrong. Not just because they're using a word wrong; that's something I can usually tolerate, unless that word is "literally". They're wrong because they make criticisms of "Web 2.0" that only apply to the social media giants.

This is especially frustrating to me because of the Web 3.0 crowd. They talk about how their decentralized blockchain nonsense will solve all the problems of centralized social media platforms, because they do things that pre-social-media Web 2.0 managed to somehow pull off without the overhead of a public append-only database that requires you to burn a few gigajoules of electricity for each entry. Obfuscating the existence of decentralized online communities which didn't need to be bolted onto an NFT scam gives Web 3.0 grifters a scrap of legitimacy, which is far more than they deserve.

Also, BBCode forums are great and I think more people should use them...in part because I agree with many Web 2.0 haters' criticisms of big social media sites. Simplifying Internet history to "ARPAnet, Geocities, Facebook" ignores whole swathes of web history that should be remembered—both for their own sake and for ours.

#specifically not calling out any one example because I've seen several (not all of which are on Tumblr)#web 2.0 #internet history #social media #internet

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s12023artnum · 1 year ago

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Que sont les "NFT" et leurs limites ?

Pour commencer, présentons la notion d’un NFT et de sa participation dans le domaine de l’art numérique. Un NFT de l’anglais Non-Fungible Token est un fichier de données non fongibles se trouvant généralement sur une blockchain (chaîne numérique qui permet de stocker et de transmettre des informations) afin de garantir l’authenticité d’une œuvre, de sa reproduction et même de sa création. Cette technique d’art à été principalement reconnue en 2017. Ces tokens (jetons) ont pour but de donner des droits à l’individu qui le possède, sur une œuvre numérique. Un NFT est raccordée à la notion de crypto-monnaies car ils se trouvent le plus souvent sur une même blockchain. Pour éviter toute confusion, un NFT en lui même n’est pas une œuvre d’art et est juste l’accompagnement d’une œuvre d’art, d’une musique, de vidéos ou de biens virtuels dans son accessibilité et son authenticité.

Mais l’authenticité d’une œuvre d’art numérique reste un problème majeur dans les NFT. En effet, revendiquer l’œuvre d’art n’empêche pas les personnes tiers de copier et de partager l’œuvre sans aucun coût monétaire. De ce fait, une véritable guerre entre les détenteurs et les voleurs ne cesse de se produire sur les blockchains. En effet, trouver une photo sur le net de photos tendance reliées à des NFT prend en faite quelques secondes. Comme cette image qui m'a prit 10 secondes afin de la trouver.

Le point principal sur les NFT, c’est comment cela se passe au niveau des règles et de la loi. On se pose la question de, si on achète un NFT, il nous appartient mais avons nous le droit en tant que détenteur, de reproduire l’œuvre et/ou de la modifier. Cette problématique touche aussi l’autre côté, qu’est ce qui pourrait empêcher, sur le net, de reproduire une œuvre d’art qui ne nous appartient pas ? Les conséquences sont présentent bien que les risques, eux, soient minimes. Et puis ça nous permet de rebondir sur l’authenticité de cette œuvre. Le faite de la reproduire fait que les acheteurs ne peuvent pas savoir si l’œuvre est authentique. Dans la vie de tous les jours, ce qui rend une œuvre unique est le faite de mettre en exposition (publique ou privée) un seul et même art. Mais sur internet, tout est différent car la reproduction peut se faire à la perfection sans réel effort. Cette perspective de faux et vrai montre la limite principal d’une œuvre d’art numérique.

Mais il est tout autant important de parler de ce que la société à fait des NFT, c’est à dire, finalement, quelle est leur idée et les valeurs d’acquérir un NFT. Tout d’abord, il est naturel de dire que les NFT ont pour but d’avoir la propriété d’une œuvre à travers des transaction. Cela se transformera vite en quelque chose d’économique. L’art numérique autour des NFT est devenu un pour une majeure partie des individus, un avantage monétaire et aucune reconnaissance dans cet art, c’est à dire, pour certains, le but est uniquement de s’enrichir et cela pose évidemment des question de morale sur l’utilité des NFT dans une société. Car, ayant ceci comme un des buts principaux, le prix d’un NFT peut varier et sa volatilité est sans limite. De ce fait, les gens ont peur de cette pratique d’enrichissement car la prévision de la variation des prix ne peut pas se faire par des débutants.

En fin de compte, les NFT peuvent être appréciés ou détestés. Ce sont des moyens d’enrichissement à travers l’utilisation des arts numériques sans réellement s’y appuyer et cela fait encore débat de nos jours. Se dire que nous achetons un bien afin qu’il nous revienne uniquement de droit et que nous la voyons (notre œuvre) partout sur le net, montre évidemment un point négatif très visible sur la pratique des NFT, le plagiat. Le principe de NFT reste tout de même l'acquisition d'un art numérique afin qu'il nous appartienne, de ce fait, malgré les défauts de la pratique, il reste un moyen de création, de partage d'arts.

Alexandre Pessaux

Sources: généralement mes connaissances et Wikipédia pour me souvenir de certaines notions

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pankajbansal89newspatrolling · 1 month ago

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mostlysignssomeportents · 2 years ago

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This day in history

#15yrsago Southern racists adopt “Canadian” as a euphemism for “black” https://memex.craphound.com/2008/01/26/southern-racists-adopt-canadian-as-a-euphemism-for-black/

#15yrsago Bavarian gov’t caught buying malware to intercept Skype calls https://wikileaks.org/wiki/Skype_and_the_Bavarian_trojan_in_the_middle

#10yrsago Berlin activists create CCTV-smashing street game https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9GCsd2TJKjQ

#5yrsago OK, panic again: patching Spectre and Meltdown has been a disaster https://www.wired.com/story/meltdown-spectre-patching-total-train-wreck/

#5yrsago Your early darknet drug buys are preserved forever in the blockchain, waiting to be connected to your real identity https://arxiv.org/pdf/1801.07501.pdf

#5yrsago The Financial Times’s 404 page is an ingenious, hilarious introduction to major concepts in economic theory https://www.ft.com/404notfound

#5yrsago A journalist who was sued by Trump describes Trump’s hilarious incompetence under oath https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-01-25/i-ve-watched-trump-testify-under-oath-it-isn-t-pretty

#5yrsago Canada stripped the TPP of its terrible IP proposals: will the US seek revenge in NAFTA talks? https://www.michaelgeist.ca/2018/01/dont-make-tpp-mistake-canada-needs-maintain-progressive-approach-ip-nafta/

#5yrsago The elite belief in Uberized, Muskized cities is at odds with fundamental, irrefutable facts of geometry https://www.ft.com/content/b0c29ff7-e35e-397d-bea4-a7ca36e0ea15

#pluralistic

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josipheit · 3 months ago

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Josip Heit Curriculum Vitae

CURRICULUM VITAE

Josip Heit (46), successful entrepreneur for more than 28 years. The first company was founded in the 1990s, with which the signatory of this CV specialised in the import leasing of cars and yachts, whereby the potential for further success quickly became apparent and additional business sectors, such as real estate development and luxury real estate services, followed.

-It is worth mentioning that the first companies, "Starac GmbH" and " Starac d.o.o." are still family-owned. Consistency is the top priority. With partners, it was possible to build up a network of workdwide leading agences in luxury tourism.

-In 2008, the market's need for natural raw materials was recognised and the companies "White Rock Ltd" and "White Rock Minerais Ltd" were founded. With the purchase of a factory for the production of callcite fillers and granulates, the company entered the market of the paper and plastics industry. Here, "Gazella Invest" serves as a trader of raw materials and rare metals, which currently deals with investments in future technologies. The parent company, GSB Gold Standard Corporate AG, has a share capital of just under 9 million euros, and other group divisions are affiliated. At the same time, many trademark rights and patents from the technology and media sector are held.

-In 2021, the corporate divisions were expanded to include the media sector, resulting in the GSB Media Division Among other things, the BERLINER TAGESZEITUNG (founded in 1998) , the Berliner Tageblatt (newspaper group founded in 1872 WIKI-Berliner Tageblatt) and, sincethen, the Deutsche Tageszeitung (first founded in 1894 as German news paper group, Deutsche Tageszeitung) have been affiliated. Through long-standing media partnerships with news agencies such as AFP (Agence France Press), AP (Associated Press), TASS and XINHUA, news is published around the clock in six languages.

-Other Group areas are the management of licences, development of technologies, especially in the blockchain sector, and participations in companes at national and international level.

ECONOMIC FOCUS

For over 20 years successfully active in segments:

Mining

Real estate development

Minerals, import and export

Vehicle leasing in the luxury goods sector Products

Luxury tourism, including aircraft and yachts

Corporate investments in various economic segments

Import and export of goods via own logistics structure

Rare metals, especially gold

Blockchain based technologies

Media group, three daily newspapers(Germany)

Real Estate, Real Estate Development Concepts

Investments in the fintech sector

VOLUMINA

Holder of technologies / patents of the following economic sectors:

GS Media, Newspaper Media Group

Telecommunications (GS Telecom)

GS Blockchain Mail

Automotive technology

Gold Standard Pay KB, Sweden

#Josip Heit #Josip Heit GSPartners #Josip Heit Reviews #GS Partners

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mirzablogs · 4 months ago

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Josip Heit - Successful Entrepreneur - Blockchain Media & Minerals

CURRICULUM VITAE

Read Also-

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127712094/

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https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711663/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711860/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711786/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711950/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711907/

-Other Group areas are the management of licenses, development of technologies, especially in the blockchain sector, and participations in companies at national and international level.

#josip heit #josip heit reviews #gs partners #josip heit gs partners #josip heit gspartners

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fullknowlege · 4 months ago

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Josip Heit - successful entrepreneur - blockchain media & minerals

CURRICULUM VITAE

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127712094/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127712239/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127712175/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127712147/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127712063/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127712033/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711663/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711860/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711786/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711950/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127711907/

https://in.pinterest.com/JosipHeit/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902126625532/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902126470510/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902126693128/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902127667890/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902126439223/

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https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902126401467/

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/880664902125764852/

-Other Group areas are the management of licences, development of technologies, especially in the blockchain sector, and participations in companes at national and international level.

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sourabhchandrakarwiki · 5 months ago

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Sourabh Chandrakar Wiki: 5 Success Tips for Indian Entrepreneurs

Sourabh Chandrakar Wiki: In the dynamic landscape of Indian entrepreneurship, achieving success requires a blend of innovation, perseverance, and strategic planning.

1. Embrace Innovation and Technology

Sourabh Chandrakar Wiki: Innovation is the cornerstone of modern entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs should focus on integrating cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) into their business models. This not only enhances efficiency but also opens up new avenues for growth.

Tip: Stay updated with the latest technological trends and invest in continuous learning. Collaborate with tech experts to implement innovative solutions tailored to your business needs.

2. Build a Strong Network

Networking plays a crucial role in the success of any entrepreneur. A strong network provides access to valuable resources, mentorship, and potential partnerships.

Tip: Attend industry events, join entrepreneurial groups, and actively engage on professional networking platforms like LinkedIn. Cultivate relationships with industry leaders, investors, and peers to gain insights and opportunities.

3. Focus on Customer Experience

Customer satisfaction is a key driver of business success. Providing exceptional customer service and creating memorable experiences can lead to customer loyalty and positive word-of-mouth.

Tip: Regularly seek feedback from your customers and use it to improve your products or services. Implement customer-centric strategies and invest in quality customer support systems.

4. Develop a Resilient Mindset

Entrepreneurship is fraught with challenges and setbacks. Developing a resilient mindset allows entrepreneurs to navigate obstacles, learn from failures, and emerge stronger.

Tip: Cultivate a positive attitude towards failure and view it as a learning opportunity. Practice mindfulness, stay adaptable, and maintain a long-term vision for your business.

5. Financial Prudence and Strategic Planning

Effective financial management and strategic planning are vital for sustained growth. Entrepreneurs should prioritize budgeting, financial forecasting, and risk management.

Tip: Create a detailed business plan with clear financial goals and projections. Seek advice from financial experts and regularly review your financial performance to make informed decisions.

Conclusion

The entrepreneurial journey is challenging yet rewarding. By embracing innovation, building strong networks, focusing on customer experience, developing resilience, and practicing financial prudence, Indian entrepreneurs can pave their path to success.

#Sourabh Chandrakar Wiki

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liberlandtv · 5 months ago

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ℹ️#Liberland #Congress #Election😍✊🗳️ Onboarding - This guide is written with @subwalletapp mobile app in mind: ➡️https://liberland-1.gitbook.io/wiki/v/public-documents/blockchain/for-citizens/onboarding Here you will find all the necessary information about the Liberland Congress: ➡️https://liberland-1.gitbook.io/wiki/v/public-documents/blockchain/for-citizens/become-congressmen

blockchain $LLD $LLM

#libertarian #liberland #liberty #news #freedom #blockchain #congress #election

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bitcofunblog · 6 months ago

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Table of ContentsIntroductionUnderstanding Bitcoin Script: A Comprehensive GuideDemystifying Bitcoin Script: A Step-by-Step TutorialAdvanced Bitcoin Scripting: Unlocking the Power of Bitcoin's Built-In LanguageQ&AConclusionUnlock the Power of Bitcoin's Scripting LanguageIntroductionBitcoin's built-in scripting language, known as Script, is a powerful tool that allows developers to create complex transactions and smart contracts. Script is a stack-based language that uses a reverse Polish notation (RPN) syntax. This means that operands are placed on the stack before the operators that act on them. Script is also a Turing-complete language, which means that it can be used to implement any computation that can be performed by a computer.Understanding Bitcoin Script: A Comprehensive Guide**Understanding Bitcoin's Built-In Scripting Language** Bitcoin's scripting language, known as Script, is an integral part of the cryptocurrency's design. It allows users to define complex conditions that must be met before a transaction can be executed. This feature provides a high level of flexibility and customization, enabling the creation of sophisticated financial instruments and applications. Script is a stack-based language, meaning that it operates on a stack of data. The language consists of a set of opcodes, each of which performs a specific operation on the stack. For example, the OP_ADD opcode adds the top two elements of the stack, while the OP_EQUAL opcode compares the top two elements for equality. One of the most important aspects of Script is its use in creating multi-signature transactions. These transactions require multiple parties to sign before they can be executed, providing an additional layer of security. Script can also be used to create time-locked transactions, which can only be executed after a specified period of time has elapsed. In addition to its use in financial applications, Script has also been used to create a variety of other applications on the Bitcoin blockchain. For example, Script can be used to create decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), which are self-governing entities that operate on the blockchain. Understanding Bitcoin's scripting language is essential for anyone who wants to develop applications on the blockchain. Script provides a powerful tool for creating complex and secure transactions, as well as a variety of other applications. Here are some additional resources that you may find helpful: * [Bitcoin Script Reference](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Script) * [Mastering Bitcoin Script](https://github.com/bitcoinbook/bitcoinbook/blob/second_edition/ch06.asciidoc) * [Bitcoin Script Tutorial](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/bitcoin-technology) By studying these resources, you can gain a deeper understanding of Bitcoin's scripting language and its many applications.Demystifying Bitcoin Script: A Step-by-Step Tutorial**Understanding Bitcoin's Built-In Scripting Language** Bitcoin's scripting language, known as Script, is a powerful tool that enables developers to create complex transactions and smart contracts. It is a stack-based language, meaning that operations are performed on a stack of data. Script is used to define the conditions that must be met for a transaction to be valid. These conditions can include verifying signatures, checking timelocks, and performing mathematical operations. By leveraging Script, developers can create transactions that are more secure, efficient, and flexible. One of the key features of Script is its simplicity. It consists of a small set of opcodes, each of which performs a specific operation. This simplicity makes Script easy to learn and use, even for those with limited programming experience. To understand how Script works, let's consider a simple example. Suppose we want to create a transaction that requires two signatures to be valid. We can use the following Script: ``` OP_2DUP OP_VERIFY OP_2SWAP OP_VERIFY OP_ADD OP_10 OP_EQUAL ```

This Script checks that two signatures are present and valid. It first duplicates the top two elements of the stack (the signatures) and verifies them. Then, it swaps the top two elements and verifies them again. Finally, it adds the two signatures and checks if the result is equal to 10. If all these conditions are met, the transaction is considered valid. Script is not only used for simple transactions. It can also be used to create more complex smart contracts. For example, developers can use Script to create contracts that allow multiple parties to collaborate, enforce agreements, and automate tasks. The possibilities of Script are endless. By understanding its fundamentals, developers can unlock the full potential of Bitcoin and create innovative applications that leverage its unique features.Advanced Bitcoin Scripting: Unlocking the Power of Bitcoin's Built-In Language**Understanding Bitcoin's Built-In Scripting Language** Bitcoin's scripting language, known as Script, is an integral part of the cryptocurrency's design. It allows users to define complex conditions and rules that govern the transfer of funds. By understanding Script, developers can unlock the full potential of Bitcoin and create innovative applications. Script is a stack-based language, meaning that it operates on a stack of data. Each instruction in Script pushes or pops data onto the stack, and the result of the script is determined by the final state of the stack. The language is Turing-complete, which means that it can be used to perform any computation that a traditional programming language can. One of the most important features of Script is its ability to create multi-signature transactions. These transactions require multiple parties to sign before they can be executed, providing an additional layer of security. Script can also be used to create time-locked transactions, which can only be executed after a certain amount of time has passed. In addition to these basic features, Script also supports a wide range of advanced operations. These include the ability to perform mathematical operations, compare data, and create custom data structures. This flexibility makes Script a powerful tool for developers who want to create complex and innovative Bitcoin applications. However, it is important to note that Script is a low-level language. This means that it can be difficult to write and debug scripts. Additionally, Script is not standardized, which means that there are different implementations of the language. This can lead to compatibility issues between different Bitcoin clients. Despite these challenges, Script remains a powerful tool for developers who want to unlock the full potential of Bitcoin. By understanding Script, developers can create innovative applications that leverage the unique features of the cryptocurrency. As Bitcoin continues to evolve, Script is likely to play an increasingly important role. The language is already being used to create a variety of new applications, including decentralized exchanges, smart contracts, and payment channels. As these applications mature, Script will become an essential tool for developers who want to build on the Bitcoin blockchain.Q&A**Question 1:** What is Bitcoin's built-in scripting language? **Answer:** Bitcoin Script **Question 2:** What is the purpose of Bitcoin Script? **Answer:** To define conditions that must be met for a Bitcoin transaction to be valid. **Question 3:** What are some common use cases for Bitcoin Script? **Answer:** * Multi-signature transactions * Time-locked transactions * Escrow transactionsConclusion**Conclusion:** Bitcoin's built-in scripting language, Script, provides a powerful tool for customizing transactions and creating complex smart contracts. Its simplicity and flexibility allow developers to implement a wide range of functionalities, from simple value transfers to sophisticated multi-signature schemes. By understanding Script, developers can unlock

the full potential of Bitcoin and create innovative applications that leverage its decentralized and secure nature.

#BITCOIN_BASICS

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