#bilharzia

[wtfearth123]

This snail is dead and it's been taken over by a parasite controlling its motor functions & eye stalks, mimicking caterpillars. The parasitic worm wants the snail to be eaten by birds, in whose intestines it will reproduce. 🐌

The snail is infected by a parasitic flatworm called Leucochloridium paradoxum, also known as the green-banded broodsac. This parasite has a complex life cycle that involves two hosts: a land snail and a bird. The parasite’s eggs are released by the bird in its feces, which are then ingested by the snail. The eggs hatch into larvae called miracidia, which develop into a branching structure called a sporocyst inside the snail’s body.

Some of the branches of the sporocyst grow into long tubes that end in a swollen sac, which is called a broodsac. The broodsac occupies one or both of the snail’s eye stalks, where it pulsates and displays bright green and yellow bands. These colors and movements mimic the appearance of a caterpillar, which is a prey item for many birds. The parasite also alters the snail’s behavior, making it more likely to expose itself to sunlight and predators.

The parasite’s goal is to get the snail eaten by a bird, which is its primary host. When the bird consumes the broodsac, it releases hundreds of metacercariae, which are the infective stage of the parasite. The metacercariae travel to the bird’s cloaca, where they mature into adult worms and reproduce sexually. The cycle then repeats itself with the bird’s feces.

The parasite is very harmful to the snail, as it consumes its nutrients, damages its tissues, and reduces its chances of survival. The snail may not be dead yet, but it is essentially a zombie controlled by the parasite. The parasite is also a potential threat to human health, as it can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions if it penetrates human skin. I hope you learnt something new today. 😊🙏

[hopkinrx]

Schistosomiasis: A Comprehensive Guide to Symptoms, Prevention, and Treatment 1

IntroductionWhat is Schistosomiasis?Types of Schistosomiasis Schistosoma mansoni Schistosoma haematobium Schistosoma japonicumTransmission of SchistosomiasisLife Cycle of Schistosoma ParasitesSymptoms and Complications of SchistosomiasisRisk FactorsDiagnosis of SchistosomiasisTreatment of SchistosomiasisGeographic DistributionPrevention and Control MeasuresPublic Health EffortsThe Impact of…

[brazilspill]

Lol retard imagine thinking anyone cares about you're retarded monkey ass culture that gave the world such innovations as the "Brazilian butt lift". Imagine living in a "country" renowned for its tranny prostitutes

If we're monkeys we're some damn smart monkeys, seeing as we've invented

Chest photofluorography for screening for tuberculosis

The Jatene procedure for arterial switch operation (a type of open heart surgery)

The first scorpion and spider antivenoms (in 1908 and 1925)

Caller ID

The wristwatch

Phone cards for payphones

Voting machines

Radiography (x-ray images)

Rice strainer

The Kinect for X-Box

3D cinema

The artificial heart

The most green light bulb in history

Havaianas flip flops

Automatic transmission

Typewriters

The solar bottle bulb

The first radio transmission

Two kinds of martial art (Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and Capoeira)

The portable stereo cassette player

The Walkman

Hot air balloons

The first plane able to do unaided takeoff and flight (the Wright brother's plane needed a catapult)

Brain-Machine Interfaces

and discovered

The pathogen, vector, host, clinical manifestations and epidemiology for Chagas disease

The pathogen for epidemic typhus

The disease cycle for bilharzia

What about you? what have you invented?

Or are you not as smart as us monkeys?

[luomochestainpiedi]

23 maggio 2024

Immagini durissime della realtà sanitaria in carico al Dispensario medico di Jangany

Riceviamo queste immagini che ci riportano alla realtà senza tante parole. Difficile per noi comprendere sia l'estensione di queste situazioni drammatiche, sia l'eziogenesi.

Malnutrizione, rachitismo, infezioni... Stiamo ponendo alcune domande alla responsabile del Dispensario:

1. Vediamo, come in tante immagini che avevate inviato, un addome gonfio: la causa è la malnutrizione? Oppure la bilaziosi?

2. Ci sono delle ulcere nelle gambe: come spieghi la causa?

3. Anche le lesioni delle dita dei piedi con l’esposizione delle ossa: cosa ha portato a questo?

4. Quella gobba sulla schiena del bambino: come si spiega?

5. Il rachitismo è legato a mancanza di vitamine? Sono in tanti in quella situazione?

6. Quei due bambini per terra, quanti anni hanno? sono fenomeni frequenti?

Ci proponiamo di offrire intanto quanto richiesto nella lettera che trovate sotto e di organizzare una missione sanitaria nel primo semestre 2025.

Una prima risposta ci è giunta da Agnese, fondatrice dell'ospedale di Sakalalina. La trovate dopo la lettera e traduzione di suor Jeannine, in coda a questo post.

--------------------------------

Lettera di suor Jeannine

Cher ***, c'est un immense plaisir pour nous de vous écrire cette lettre. Nous espérons que vous allez bien.Nous sommes bien satisfait pour le soutien que vous apportez en faveur des personnes démunies que nous prend en charge médicalement, nous vous en sommes reconnaissants pour tant pour améliorer notre qualité de service nous vous demandons s'il y a la possibilité de nous fournir un appareil de tensiomètre électronique et otoscope et glucomètre pour usage de la sage femme, car nous ne  sommes pas encore suffisamment équipe. Nous avons aussi de difficulté pour ravitaillement de lait, car nous commandons à Antananarivo. attendons impatiemment votre venue, nous vous souhaitons bon vol, nous vous remercions infiniment, merci, merci, merci que notre Dieu veille sur vous et vos proches. Bien fraternellement en Christ.   Soeur Jeannine Dispensaire Jangany.

Caro ***, è con grande piacere che ti scriviamo questa lettera. Speriamo che tu stia bene e ti siamo molto grati per il sostegno che dai alle persone povere di cui ci prendiamo cura dal punto di vista medico, in modo da poter migliorare la qualità del nostro servizio.

Vorremmo chiederti se è possibile che tu ci fornisca un misuratore elettronico di pressione, un otoscopio e un glucometro per l'ostetrica, poiché non siamo ancora sufficientemente attrezzati.

Abbiamo anche difficoltà a rifornirci di latte, che ordiniamo da Antananarivo. Aspettiamo con impazienza il vostro arrivo, vi auguriamo un buon volo, vi ringraziamo molto, grazie, grazie, grazie, che il nostro Dio vegli su di voi e sui vostri cari. Fraternamente in Cristo.   Suor Jeannine Dispensaire Jangany.

-------------------

Note di Agnese, ospedale di Sakalalina

Ciao ***, bella decisione la tua di visitare il Madagascar, spero che oltre a Jangany tu possa venire anche a Sakalalina per una breve visita di amicizia. Vedrai personalmente le sofferenze della popolazione e le difficoltà a fare qualcosa per alleviarle. Cercherò di rispondere alle tue domande anche se non vedendo e sentendo il paziente non è facile.

L'addome gonfio nell'adulto è un'ascite dovuta alla cirrosi epatica da bilharzia e alcol. Le cause delle ulcere sono molteplici, piaghe non curate, infezioni, il piede potrebbe essere il diabete senza escludere la lebbra.

La gamba di quel ragazzo è una osteomielite molto probabilmente tubercolotica, oltre alle terapie specifica è necessario un intervento chirurgico. La gobba di quella bimba è il mal di pott, ovvero ascesso osseo da tubercolosi ossea.

Il rachitismo e lamalnutrizione grave dei due bambini è la mancanza di proteine, vitamine, calcio, insufficienza alimentare in generale ma, sovente, ci sono patologie da diagnosticare e curare oltre al cibo.

Per il glucometro, io consiglio di acquistarlo qui per avere la continuità dei reattivi. I nostri glucometri italiani sono tutti archiviati per la difficoltà di avere le strisce. Al bisogno, posso dare informazioni alla suora dove acquistarlo a prezzo buono.

Spero le mie risposte siano utili, certo queste patologie in Italia non si vedono. Buona preparazione al tuo prossimo viaggio. Ciao, buona serata.

[saotometribune]

Drive To Administer Bilharzia Drugs In Lake Region

http://dlvr.it/SrsxPD

[bfaaffleco]

today = travunijana (bm, but T), which is peculiar, considering that I meant it to equal bilharzia. Woe.

[babygirlvanitas]

Bidet n. Low basin for sitting on to wash the genital area. [french, = pony]

Biennial —adj. Lasting, or recurring every, two years. —n. Plant that grows from seed one year and flowers and dies the following. [latin annus year]

Bier n. Movable frame on which a coffin or corpse rests. [old english]

Biff slang —n. Sharp blow. —v. Strike (a person). [imitative]

Bifid adj. Divided by a deep cleft into two parts. [latin findo cleave]

Bifocal —adj. Having two focuses, esp. Of a lens with a part for distant and a part for near vision. —n. (in pl.) Bifocal spectacles.

Bifurcate —v. (-ting) fork. —adj. Forked; branched.  bifurcation n. [latin furca fork]

Big —adj. (bigger, biggest) 1 a of considerable size, amount, intensity, etc. B of a large or the largest size (big toe). 2 important (my big day). 3 adult, elder (big sister). 4 colloq. A boastful (big words). B often iron. Generous (big of him). C ambitious (big ideas). 5 (usu. Foll. By with) advanced in pregnancy (big with child). —adv. Colloq. Impressively or grandly (think big).  in a big way colloq. With great enthusiasm, display, etc.  biggish adj. [origin unknown]

Bigamy n. (pl. -ies) crime of marrying while still married to another person.  bigamist n. Bigamous adj. [greek gamos marriage]

Big apple n. Us slang new york city.

Big bang theory n. Theory that the universe began with the explosion of dense matter.

Big brother n. Supposedly benevolent watchful dictator.

Big end n. (in a vehicle) end of the connecting-rod, encircling the crankpin.

Big-head n. Colloq. Conceited person.  big-headed adj.

Big-hearted adj. Generous.

Bight n. 1 bay, inlet, etc. 2 loop of rope. [old english]

Big money n. Large amounts of money.

Big noise n. (also big shot) colloq. = *bigwig.

Bigot n. Obstinate believer who is intolerant of others.  bigoted adj. Bigotry n. [french]

Big stick n. Colloq. Display of force.

Big time n. (prec. By the) slang success, esp. In show business.  big-timer n.

Big top n. Main tent in a circus.

Big wheel n. Ferris wheel.

Bigwig n. Colloq. Important person.

Bijou —n. (pl. -x pronunc. Same) jewel; trinket. —attrib. Adj. (bijou) small and elegant. [french]

Bike colloq. —n. Bicycle or motor cycle. —v. (-king) ride a bike.  biker n. [abbreviation]

Bikini n. (pl. -s) two-piece swimsuit for women. [bikini, pacific atoll]

Bilateral adj. 1 of, on, or with two sides. 2 affecting or between two parties, countries, etc.  bilaterally adv.

Bilberry n. (pl. -ies) 1 hardy n. European shrub of heaths and mountains. 2 its small dark-blue edible berry. [scandinavian]

Bile n. 1 bitter digestive fluid secreted by the liver. 2 bad temper; peevish anger. [latin bilis]

Bilge n. 1 a the almost flat part of a ship's bottom. B (in full bilge-water) filthy water that collects there. 2 slang nonsense. [probably var. Of *bulge] Bilharzia n. Chronic tropical disease caused by a parasitic flatworm. [bilharz, name of a physician]

Biliary adj. Of the bile. [french: related to *bile]

Bilingual —adj. 1 able to speak two languages. 2 spoken or written in two languages. —n. Bilingual person.  bilingualism n. [latin lingua tongue]

Bilious adj. 1 affected by a disorder of the bile. 2 bad-tempered. [latin: related to *bile]

Bilk v. Slang 1 cheat. 2 elude. 3 avoid paying (a creditor or debt). [origin uncertain]

Bill n. Slang = *old bill. [diminutive of william]

Bill1 —n. 1 statement of charges for goods or services. 2 draft of a proposed law. 3 poster, placard. 4 programme of entertainment. 5 us banknote. —v. 1 send a statement of charges to. 2 put in the programme; announce. 3 (foll. By as) advertise as. [medieval latin bulla seal]

Bill2 —n. 1 bird's beak. 2 narrow promontory. —v. (of doves etc.) Stroke bills.  bill and coo exchange caresses. [old english]

Bill3 n. 1 hist. Weapon with a hooked blade. 2 = *billhook. [old english]

Billabong n. (in australia) backwater of a river. [aboriginal]

Billboard n. Large outdoor advertising hoarding.

Billet1 —n. 1 a place where troops etc. Are lodged. B order to provide this. 2 colloq. Job. —v. (-t-) (usu. Foll. By on, in, at) quarter (soldiers etc.). [anglo-french diminutive of *bill1]

Billet2 n. 1 thick piece of firewood. 2 small metal bar. [french diminutive of bille tree-trunk]

Billet-doux n. (pl. Billets-doux) often joc. Love-letter. [french, = sweet note]

Billhook n. Pruning tool with a hooked blade.

Billiards n. 1 game played on a table, with three balls struck with cues. 2 (billiard) (in comb.) Used in billiards (billiard-ball). [french: related to *billet2]

Billion adj. & n. (pl. Same or (in sense 3) -s) 1 a thousand million (109). 2 (now less often) a million million (1012). 3 (in pl.) Colloq. A very large number (billions of years).  billionth adj. & n. [french]

Billionaire n. Person who has over a billion pounds, dollars, etc. [after *millionaire]

Bill of exchange n. Written order to pay a sum of money on a given date to the drawer or to a named payee.

Bill of fare n. Menu.

Bill of lading n. Detailed list of a ship's cargo.

Billow —n. 1 wave. 2 any large mass. —v. Rise, fill, or surge in billows.  billowy adj. [old norse]

Billposter n. (also billsticker) person who pastes up advertisements on hoardings.

Billy1 n. (pl. -ies) (in full billycan) austral. Tin or enamel outdoor cooking-pot. [perhaps from aboriginal billa water]

Billy2 n. (pl. -ies) (in full billy-goat) male goat. [from the name billy]

Bimbo n. (pl. -s or -es) slang usu. Derog. Attractive but unintelligent young woman. [italian, = little child]

Bimetallic adj. Using or made of two metals. [french]

Bin n. Large receptacle for rubbish or storage. [old english]

Binary —adj. 1 of two parts, dual. 2 of the binary system. —n. (pl. -ies) 1 something having two parts. 2 binary number. [latin bini two together]

Binary star n. System of two stars orbiting each other.

Binary system n. System using the digits 0 and 1 to code information, esp. In computing.

Binaural adj. 1 of or used with both ears. 2 (of sound) recorded using two microphones and usu. Transmitted separately to the two ears. [from *bi-, *aural]

Bind —v. (past and past part. Bound) 1 tie or fasten tightly. 2 restrain forcibly. 3 (cause to) cohere. 4 compel; impose a duty on. 5 a edge with braid etc. B fasten (the pages of a book) in a cover. 6 constipate. 7 ratify (a bargain, agreement, etc.). 8 (often foll. By up) bandage. —n. Colloq. Nuisance; restriction.  bind over law order (a person) to do something, esp. Keep the peace. [old english]

Binder n. 1 cover for loose papers etc. 2 substance that binds things together. 3 hist. Reaping-machine that binds grain into sheaves. 4 bookbinder.

Bindery n. (pl. -ies) bookbinder's workshop.

Binding —n. Thing that binds, esp. The covers, glue, etc., of a book. —adj. Obligatory.

Bindweed n. 1 convolvulus. 2 honeysuckle or other climber.

Bine n. 1 twisting stem of a climbing plant, esp. The hop. 2 flexible shoot. [dial. Form of *bind]

Bin end n. One of the last bottles from a bin of wine, usu. Sold at a reduced price.

Binge slang —n. Bout of excessive eating, drinking, etc.; spree. —v. (-ging) indulge in a binge. [probably dial., = soak]

Bingo n. Gambling game in which each player has a card with numbers to be marked off as they are called. [origin uncertain]

Bin-liner n. Bag for lining a rubbish bin.

Binman n. Colloq. Dustman.

Binnacle n. Case for a ship's compass. [latin habitaculum dwelling]

Binocular adj. For both eyes. [latin bini two together, oculus eye]

Binoculars n.pl. Instrument with a lens for each eye, for viewing distant objects.

Binomial —n. Algebraic expression of the sum or the difference of two terms. —adj. Of two terms. [greek nomos part]

Binomial theorem n. Formula for finding any power of a binomial.

Bint n. Slang, usu. Offens. Girl or woman. [arabic]

Bio- comb. Form 1 life (biography). 2 biological; of living things. [greek bios life]

Biochemistry n. The study of the chemistry of living organisms.  biochemical adj. Biochemist n.

Biodegradable adj. Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms.

Bioengineering n. 1 the application of engineering techniques to biological processes. 2 the use of artificial tissues, organs, etc. To replace parts of the body, e.g. Artificial limbs, pacemakers, etc.

Biogenesis n. 1 hypothesis that a living organism arises only from a similar living organism. 2 synthesis of substances by living organisms.

Biography n. (pl. -ies) 1 account of a person's life, written usu. By another. 2 these as a literary genre.  biographer n. Biographical adj. [french: related to *bio-]

Biological adj. Of biology or living organisms.  biologically adv.

Biological clock n. Innate mechanism controlling an organism's rhythmic physiological activities.

Biological warfare n. Use of toxins or micro-organisms against an enemy.

Biology n. The study of living organisms.  biologist n. [german: related to *bio-]

Bionic adj. Having electronically operated body parts or the resulting superhuman powers. [from *bio- after *electronic]

Bionics n.pl. (treated as sing.) The study of mechanical systems that function like living organisms.

Biophysics n.pl. (treated as sing.) Science of the application of the laws of physics to biological phenomena.  biophysical adj. Biophysicist n.

Biopsy n. (pl. -ies) examination of severed tissue for diagnosis. [greek bios life, opsis sight]

Biorhythm n. Any recurring biological cycle thought to affect one's physical or mental state.

Biosphere n. Regions of the earth's crust and atmosphere occupied by living things. [german: related to *bio-]

Biosynthesis n. Production of organic molecules by living organisms.  biosynthetic adj.

Biotechnology n. Branch of technology exploiting biological processes, esp. Using micro-organisms, in industry, medicine, etc.

Biotin n. Vitamin of the b complex, found in egg-yolk, liver, and yeast. [greek bios life]

Bipartisan adj. Of or involving two parties.

Bipartite adj. 1 of two parts. 2 shared by or involving two parties. [latin bipartio divide in two]

Biped —n. Two-footed animal. —adj. Two-footed.  bipedal adj. [latin bipes -edis]

Biplane n. Aeroplane with two sets of wings, one above the other.

Bipolar adj. Having two poles or extremities.

Birch —n. 1 tree with pale hard wood and thin peeling bark, bearing catkins. 2 bundle of birch twigs used for flogging. —v. Beat with a birch. [old english]

Bird n. 1 two-legged feathered winged vertebrate, egg-laying and usu. Able to fly. 2 slang young woman. 3 slang person. 4 slang prison; prison sentence.  a bird in the hand something secured or certain. The birds and the bees euphem. Sexual activity and reproduction. Birds of a feather similar people. For the birds colloq. Trivial, uninteresting. Get the bird slang be rejected, esp. By an audience. [old english]

Bird-bath n. Basin with water for birds to bathe in.

Birdbrain n. Colloq. Stupid or flighty person.  birdbrained adj.

Birdcage n. Cage for birds.

Birdie n. 1 colloq. Little bird. 2 golf hole played in one under par.

Birdlime n. Sticky substance spread to trap birds.

Bird-nesting n. Hunting for birds' eggs.

Bird of paradise n. Bird, the male of which has brilliant plumage.

Bird of passage n. 1 migrant. 2 habitual traveller.

Bird of prey n. Bird which hunts animals for food.

Birdseed n. Blend of seeds for caged birds.

Bird's-eye view n. Detached view from above.

Birdsong n. Musical cry of birds.

Bird table n. Platform on which food for birds is placed.

Bird-watcher n. Person who observes wild birds as a hobby.  bird-watching n.

Biretta n. Square usu. Black cap worn by roman catholic priests. [latin birrus cape]

Biro n. (pl. -s) propr. A kind of ball-point pen. [biró, name of its inventor]

Birth n. 1 emergence of a baby or young from its mother's body. 2 beginning (birth of civilization). 3 a ancestry (of noble birth). B high or noble birth; inherited position.  give birth to 1 produce (young). 2 be the cause of. [old norse]

Birth certificate n. Official document detailing a person's birth.

Birth control n. Contraception.

Birthday n. 1 day on which one was born. 2 anniversary of this.

Birthing pool n. Large bath for giving birth in.

Birthmark n. Unusual coloured mark on one's body at or from birth.

Birthplace n. Place where one was born.

Birth rate n. Number of live births per thousand of population per year.

Birthright n. Inherited, esp. Property, rights.

Birthstone n. Gem popularly associated with the month of one's birth.

Biscuit n. 1 flat thin unleavened cake, usu. Crisp and sweet. 2 fired unglazed pottery. 3 light brown colour. [latin bis twice, coquo cook]

Bisect v. Divide into two (strictly, equal) parts.  bisection n. Bisector n. [from *bi-, latin seco sect- cut]

Bisexual —adj. 1 feeling or involving sexual attraction to people of both sexes. 2 hermaphrodite. —n. Bisexual person.  bisexuality n.

Bishop n. 1 senior clergyman in charge of a diocese. 2 mitre-shaped chess piece. [greek episkopos overseer]

Bishopric n. Office or diocese of a bishop.

Bismuth n. 1 reddish-white metallic element used in alloys etc. 2 compound of it used medicinally. [german]

Bison n. (pl. Same) wild hump-backed ox of europe or n. America. [latin from germanic]

Bisque1 n. Rich soup, esp. Of lobster. [french]

Bisque2 n. Advantage of one free point or stroke in certain games. [french]

Bisque3 n. = *biscuit 2.

Bister n. (brit. Bistre) brownish pigment from wood soot. [french]

Bistre n. (us bister) brownish pigment from wood soot. [french]

Bistro n. (pl. -s) small informal restaurant. [french] Bit1 n. 1 small piece or quantity. 2 (prec. By a) fair amount (sold quite a bit). 3 often colloq. Short or small time, distance, or amount (wait a bit; move up a bit; a bit tired; a bit of an idiot).  bit by bit gradually. Do one's bit colloq. Make a useful contribution. [old english]

Bit2 past of *bite.

Bit3 n. 1 metal mouthpiece of a bridle. 2 tool or piece for boring or drilling. 3 cutting or gripping part of a plane, pincers, etc. [old english]

Bit4 n. Computing unit of information expressed as a choice between two possibilities. [binary digit]

Bitch —n. 1 female dog or other canine animal. 2 slang offens. Spiteful woman. 3 slang unpleasant or difficult thing. —v. 1 speak scathingly or spitefully. 2 complain. [old english]

Bitchy adj. (-ier, -iest) slang spiteful.  bitchily adv. Bitchiness n.

Bite —v. (-ting; past bit; past part. Bitten) 1 cut or puncture with the teeth. 2 (foll. By off, away, etc.) Detach thus. 3 (of an insect etc.) Sting. 4 (of a wheel etc.) Grip, penetrate. 5 accept bait or an inducement. 6 be harsh in effect, esp. Intentionally. 7 (in passive) a swindle. B (foll. By by, with, etc.) Be infected by (enthusiasm etc.). 8 colloq. Worry, perturb. 9 cause smarting pain (biting wind). 10 be sharp or effective (biting wit). 11 (foll. By at) snap at. —n. 1 act of biting. 2 wound etc. Made by biting. 3 a mouthful of food. B snack. 4 taking of bait by a fish. 5 pungency (esp. Of flavour). 6 incisiveness, sharpness. 7 position of the teeth when the jaws are closed.  bite the dust slang die. Bite a person's head off colloq. Respond angrily. Bite one's lip repress emotion etc. [old english]

Bit on the side n. Slang sexual relationship involving infidelity.

Bit part n. Minor role.

Bitter —adj. 1 having a sharp pungent taste; not sweet. 2 causing, showing, or feeling mental pain or resentment (bitter memories). 3 a harsh; virulent (bitter animosity). B piercingly cold. —n. 1 beer flavoured with hops and tasting slightly bitter. 2 (in pl.) Liquor flavoured esp. With wormwood, used in cocktails.  to the bitter end to the very end in spite of difficulties.  bitterly adv. Bitterness n. [old english]

Bittern n. Wading bird of the heron family. [french butor from latin butio]

Bitter-sweet —adj. Sweet with a bitter aftertaste. —n. 1 such sweetness. 2 = *woody nightshade.

Bitty adj. (-ier, -iest) made up of bits; scrappy.

Bitumen n. Tarlike mixture of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum. [latin]

Bituminous adj. Of or like bitumen.

Bituminous coal n. Coal burning with a smoky flame.

Bivalve —n. Aquatic mollusc with a hinged double shell, e.g. The oyster and mussel. —adj. With such a shell.

Bivouac —n. Temporary open encampment without tents. —v. (-ck-) make, or camp in, a bivouac. [french, probably from german]

Biz n. Colloq. Business. [abbreviation]

Bizarre adj. Strange; eccentric; grotesque. [french]

Bk symb. Berkelium.

Bl abbr. British library.

Blab v. (-bb-) 1 talk foolishly or indiscreetly. 2 reveal (a secret etc.); confess. [imitative]

Blabber —n. (also blabbermouth) person who blabs. —v. (often foll. By on) talk foolishly or inconsequentially.

Black —adj. 1 reflecting no light, colourless from lack of light (like coal or soot); completely dark. 2 (black) of the human group with dark-coloured skin, esp. African. 3 (of the sky etc.) Heavily overcast. 4 angry; gloomy (black look, mood). 5 implying disgrace etc. (in his black books). 6 wicked, sinister, deadly. 7 portending trouble (things look black). 8 comic but sinister (black comedy). 9 (of tea or coffee) without milk. 10 (of industrial labour or its products) boycotted, esp. By a trade union, in a strike etc. —n. 1 black colour or pigment. 2 black clothes or material (dressed in black). 3 a (in a game) black piece, ball, etc. B player of this. 4 credit side of an account (in the black).

Black —adj. 1 reflecting no light, colourless from lack of light (like coal or soot); completely dark. 2 (black) of the human group with dark-coloured skin, esp. African. 3 (of the sky etc.) Heavily overcast. 4 angry; gloomy (black look, mood). 5 implying disgrace etc. (in his black books). 6 wicked, sinister, deadly. 7 portending trouble (things look black). 8 comic but sinister (black comedy). 9 (of tea or coffee) without milk. 10 (of industrial labour or its products) boycotted, esp. By a trade union, in a strike etc. —n. 1 black colour or pigment. 2 black clothes or material (dressed in black). 3 a (in a game) black piece, ball, etc. B player of this. 4 credit side of an account (in the black). 5 (black) member of a dark-skinned race, esp. An african. —v. 1 make black (blacked his boots). 2 declare (goods etc.) ‘black’.  black out 1 effect a blackout on. 2 undergo a blackout. [old english]

Black and blue adj. Bruised.

Black and white —n. Writing or printing (in black and white). —adj. 1 (of a film etc.) Monochrome. 2 consisting of extremes only, oversimplified.

Black art n. = *black magic.

Blackball v. Reject (a candidate) in a ballot.

Black beetle n. The common cockroach.

Black belt n. 1 highest grade of proficiency in judo, karate, etc. 2 holder of this grade, entitled to wear a black belt.

Blackberry n. (pl. -ies) black fleshy edible fruit of the bramble.

Blackbird n. Common thrush of which the male is black with an orange beak.

Blackboard n. Board with a smooth dark surface for writing on with chalk.

Black box n. Flight-recorder.

Blackcap n. Small warbler, the male of which has a black-topped head.

Black country n. (prec. By the) industrial area of the midlands.

Blackcurrant n. 1 cultivated flowering shrub. 2 its small dark edible berry.

Black death n. (prec. By the) 14th-c. Plague in europe.

Black economy n. Unofficial and untaxed trade.

Blacken v. 1 make or become black or dark. 2 defame, slander.

Black eye n. Bruised skin around the eye.

Black flag n. Flag of piracy.

Blackfly n. 1 dark coloured thrips or aphid. 2 these collectively.

Black forest gateau n. Chocolate sponge with cherries and whipped cream.

Black friar n. Dominican friar.

Blackguard n. Villain, scoundrel.  blackguardly adj. [originally = menial]

Blackhead n. Black-topped pimple on the skin.

Black hole n. Region of space from which matter and radiation cannot escape.

Black ice n. Thin hard transparent ice on a road etc.

Blacking n. Black polish, esp. For shoes.

Blackjack n. = *pontoon1.

Blacklead n. Graphite.

Blackleg —n. Derog. Person refusing to join a strike etc. —v. (-gg-) act as a blackleg.

Blacklist —n. List of people in disfavour etc. —v. Put on a blacklist.

Black magic n. Magic supposed to invoke evil spirits.

Blackmail —n. 1 a extortion of payment in return for silence. B payment so extorted. 2 use of threats or moral pressure. —v. 1 (try to) extort money etc. From by blackmail. 2 threaten, coerce.  blackmailer n. [obsolete mail rent]

Black maria n. Slang police van.

Black mark n. Mark of discredit.

Black market n. Illicit trade in rationed, prohibited, or scarce commodities.  black marketeer n.

Black mass n. Travesty of the mass, in worship of satan.

Blackout n. 1 temporary loss of consciousness or memory. 2 loss of electric power, radio reception, etc. 3 compulsory darkness as a precaution against air raids. 4 temporary suppression of news. 5 sudden darkening of a theatre stage.

Black pepper n. Pepper made by grinding the whole dried pepper berry including the outer husk.

Black power n. Movement for black rights and political power.

Black pudding n. Sausage of pork, dried pig's blood, suet, etc.

Black rod n. Principal usher of the house of lords etc. Black sheep n. Colloq. Member of a family, group, etc. Regarded as a disgrace or failure.

Blackshirt n. Hist.member of a fascist organization.

Blacksmith n. Smith who works in iron.

Black spot n. 1 place of danger or trouble. 2 plant disease producing black spots.

Black tea n. Tea that is fully fermented before drying.

Blackthorn n. Thorny shrub bearing white blossom and sloes.

Black tie n. 1 black bow-tie worn with a dinner jacket. 2 colloq. Man's formal evening dress.

Black velvet n. Mixture of stout and champagne.

Black watch n. (prec. By the) royal highland regiment.

Black widow n. Venomous spider of which the female devours the male.

Bladder n. 1 a sac in some animals, esp. That holding urine. B this adapted for various uses. 2 inflated blister in seaweed etc. [old english]

Bladderwrack n. Brown seaweed with air bladders.

Blade n. 1 cutting part of a knife etc. 2 flattened part of an oar, propeller, etc. 3 a flat narrow leaf of grass etc. B broad thin part of a leaf. 4 flat bone, e.g. In the shoulder. [old english]

Blame —v. (-ming) 1 assign fault or responsibility to. 2 (foll. By on) fix responsibility for (an error etc.) On (blamed it on his brother). —n. 1 responsibility for an error etc. 2 blaming or attributing of responsibility (got all the blame).  be to blame be responsible; deserve censure.  blameable adj. Blameless adj. Blameworthy adj. [french: related to *blaspheme]

Blanch v. 1 make or become white or pale. 2 a peel (almonds etc.) By scalding. B immerse (vegetables etc.) Briefly in boiling water. 3 whiten (a plant) by depriving it of light. [french: related to *blank]

Blancmange n. Sweet opaque jelly of flavoured cornflour and milk. [french, = white food]

Bland adj. 1 a mild, not irritating. B tasteless; insipid. 2 gentle in manner; suave.  blandly adv. Blandness n. [latin blandus smooth]

Blandish v. Flatter; coax.  blandishment n. (usu. In pl.). [latin: related to *bland]

Blank —adj. 1 a (of paper) not written or printed on. B (of a document) with spaces left for a signature or details. 2 a empty (blank space). B unrelieved (blank wall). 3 a without interest, result, or expression (blank face). B having (temporarily) no knowledge etc. (mind went blank). 4 complete (a blank refusal; blank despair). —n. 1 a unfilled space, esp. In a document. B document having blank spaces. 2 (in full blank cartridge) cartridge containing gunpowder but no bullet. 3 dash written instead of a word or letter. —v. (usu. Foll. By off, out) screen, obscure.  draw a blank get no response; fail.  blankly adv. Blankness n. [french blanc white, from germanic]

Blank cheque n. 1 cheque left for the payee to fill in. 2 colloq. Unlimited freedom of action.

Blanket —n. 1 large esp. Woollen sheet used as a bed-covering etc. 2 thick covering mass or layer. —attrib. Adj. Covering everything; inclusive. —v. (-t-) 1 cover. 2 stifle, suppress. [french: related to *blank]

Blanket bath n. Body wash given to a bedridden patient.

Blanket stitch n. Stitch used to finish the edges of a blanket etc.

Blank verse n. Unrhymed verse, esp. Iambic pentameters.

Blare —v. (-ring) 1 sound or utter loudly. 2 make the sound of a trumpet. —n. Blaring sound. [low german or dutch, imitative]

Blarney —n. Cajoling talk; flattery. —v. (-eys, -eyed) flatter, cajole. [blarney, castle near cork]

Blasé adj. Bored or indifferent through over-familiarity. [french]

Blaspheme v. (-ming) 1 use religious names irreverently; treat a religious or sacred subject irreverently. 2 talk irreverently about; use blasphemy against. [greek blasphemeo]

Blasphemy n. (pl. -ies) 1 irreverent talk or treatment of a religious or sacred thing. 2 instance of this.  blasphemous adj. Blast —n. 1 strong gust of air. 2 a explosion. B destructive wave of air from this. 3 loud note from a wind instrument, car horn, etc. 4 colloq. Severe reprimand. —v. 1 blow up with explosives. 2 wither, blight (blasted oak; blasted her hopes). 3 (cause to) make a loud noise. —int. Expressing annoyance.  at full blast colloq. At maximum volume, speed, etc. Blast off take off from a launching site. [old english]

Blasted colloq. —attrib. Adj. Damned; annoying. —adv. Damned; extremely.

Blast-furnace n. Smelting furnace into which hot air is driven.

Blast-off n. Launching of a rocket etc.

Blatant adj. 1 flagrant, unashamed. 2 loudly obtrusive.  blatantly adv. [coined by spenser]

Blather (also blether) —n. Foolish talk. —v. Talk foolishly. [old norse]

Blaze1 —n. 1 bright flame or fire. 2 violent outburst (of passion etc.). 3 brilliant display (blaze of scarlet, of glory). —v. (-zing) 1 burn or shine brightly or fiercely. 2 be consumed with anger, excitement, etc.  blaze away (often foll. By at) 1 shoot continuously. 2 work vigorously. [old english, = torch]

Blaze2 —n. 1 white mark on an animal's face. 2 mark cut on a tree, esp. To show a route. —v. (-zing) mark (a tree or a path) with blazes.  blaze a trail show the way for others. [origin uncertain]

Blazer n. Jacket without matching trousers, esp. Lightweight and often part of a uniform. [from *blaze1]

Blazon —v. 1 proclaim (esp. Blazon abroad). 2 heraldry describe or paint (arms). —n. Heraldry shield or coat of arms.  blazonment n. Blazonry n. [french, originally = shield]

Bleach —v. Whiten in sunlight or by a chemical process. —n. Bleaching substance or process. [old english]

Bleak adj. 1 exposed, windswept. 2 dreary, grim. [old norse]

Bleary adj. (-ier, -iest) 1 dim; blurred. 2 indistinct. [low german]

Bleary-eyed adj. Having dim sight.

Bleat —v. 1 (of a sheep, goat, or calf) make a wavering cry. 2 (often foll. By out) speak or say plaintively. —n. Bleating cry. [old english]

Bleed —v. (past and past part. Bled) 1 emit blood. 2 draw blood from surgically. 3 colloq. Extort money from. 4 (often foll. By for) suffer wounds or violent death. 5 a emit sap. B (of dye) come out in water. 6 empty (a system) of excess air or fluid. —n. Act of bleeding.  one's heart bleeds usu. Iron. One is very sorrowful. [old english]

Bleeder n. Coarse slang unpleasant or contemptible person.

Bleeding adj. & adv. Coarse slang expressing annoyance or antipathy.

Bleep —n. Intermittent high-pitched electronic sound. —v. 1 make a bleep. 2 summon with a bleeper. [imitative]

Bleeper n. Small electronic device bleeping to contact the carrier.

Blemish —n. Flaw, defect, or stain. —v. Spoil, mark, or stain. [french]

Blench v. Flinch, quail. [old english]

Blend —v. 1 mix together as required. 2 become one. 3 (often foll. By with, in) mingle; mix thoroughly. 4 (esp. Of colours) merge imperceptibly; harmonize. —n. Mixture. [old norse]

Blender n. Machine for liquidizing, chopping, or puréeing food.

Blenny n. (pl. -ies) small spiny-finned scaleless marine fish. [greek blennos mucus]

Bless v. (past and past part. Blessed, poet. Blest) 1 ask god to look favourably on, esp. By making the sign of the cross over. 2 consecrate (food etc.). 3 glorify (god). 4 attribute one's good luck to (stars etc.); thank. 5 (usu. In passive) make happy or successful (blessed with children).  bless me (or my soul) exclamation of surprise etc. Bless you! Exclamation of endearment, gratitude, etc., or to a person who has just sneezed. [old english]

Blessed adj. (also poet. Blest) 1 holy. 2 euphem. Cursed (blessed nuisance!). 3 rc ch. Beatified.  blessedness n.

Blessing n. 1 invocation of (esp. Divine) favour. 2 grace said at a meal. 3 benefit.

Blether var. Of *blather.

Blew past of *blow1. Blether var. Of *blather.

Blew past of *blow1.

Blight —n. 1 plant disease caused by insects etc. 2 such an insect etc. 3 harmful or destructive force. 4 ugly urban area. —v. 1 affect with blight. 2 harm, destroy. 3 spoil. [origin unknown]

Blighter n. Colloq. Contemptible or annoying person.

Blighty n. Mil. Slang england; home. [hindustani, = foreign]

Blimey int. Coarse slang expression of surprise, contempt, etc. [(god) blind me!]

Blimp n. 1 (also (colonel) blimp) reactionary person. 2 small non-rigid airship. 3 soundproof cover for a cine-camera. [origin uncertain]

Blind —adj. 1 lacking the power of sight. 2 a without adequate foresight, discernment, or information (blind effort). B (often foll. By to) unwilling or unable to appreciate a factor etc. (blind to argument). 3 not governed by purpose or reason (blind forces). 4 reckless (blind hitting). 5 a concealed (blind ditch). B closed at one end. 6 (of flying) using instruments only. 7 cookery (of a flan case etc.) Baked without a filling. —v. 1 deprive of sight. 2 rob of judgement; deceive; overawe. 3 slang go recklessly. —n. 1 screen for a window; awning. 2 thing used to hide the truth. 3 obstruction to sight or light. —adv. Blindly.  blindly adv. Blindness n. [old english]

Blind alley n. 1 alley closed at one end. 2 futile course.

Blind date n. Colloq. Date between two people who have not previously met.

Blind drunk adj. Colloq. Extremely drunk.

Blindfold —v. Cover the eyes of (a person) with a tied cloth etc. —n. Cloth etc. So used. —adj. & adv. 1 with eyes covered. 2 without due care. [originally blindfelled = struck blind]

Blind man's buff n. Game in which a blindfold player tries to catch others.

Blind spot n. 1 point on the retina insensitive to light. 2 area where vision or understanding is lacking.

Blindworm n. = *slow-worm.

Blink —v. 1 shut and open the eyes quickly. 2 (often foll. By back) prevent (tears) by blinking. 3 shine unsteadily, flicker. —n. 1 act of blinking. 2 momentary gleam or glimpse.  blink at 1 look at while blinking. 2 ignore, shirk. On the blink slang not working properly; out of order. [dutch, var. Of *blench]

Blinker —n. 1 (usu. In pl.) Each of two screens on a bridle preventing lateral vision. 2 device that blinks. —v. 1 obscure with blinkers. 2 (as blinkered adj.) Having narrow and prejudiced views.

Blinking adj. & adv. Slang expressing annoyance etc. (it's blinking stupid).

Blip —n. 1 minor deviation or error. 2 quick popping sound. 3 small image on a radar screen. —v. (-pp-) make a blip. [imitative]

Bliss n. 1 perfect joy. 2 being in heaven.  blissful adj. Blissfully adv. [old english]

Blister —n. 1 small bubble on the skin filled with watery fluid and caused by heat or friction. 2 similar swelling on plastic, wood, etc. —v. 1 come up in blisters. 2 raise a blister on. 3 attack sharply. [origin uncertain]

Blithe adj. 1 cheerful, happy. 2 careless, casual.  blithely adv. [old english]

Blithering attrib. Adj. Colloq. Hopeless; contemptible (esp. In blithering idiot). [blither, var. Of *blather]

Blitt. Abbr. Bachelor of letters. [latin baccalaureus litterarum]

Blitz colloq. —n. 1 a intensive or sudden (esp. Aerial) attack. B intensive period of work etc. (must have a blitz on this room). 2 (the blitz) german air raids on london in 1940. —v. Inflict a blitz on. [abbreviation of *blitzkrieg]

Blitzkrieg n. Intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory. [german, = lightning war]

Blizzard n. Severe snowstorm. [origin unknown]

Bloat v. 1 inflate, swell. 2 (as bloated adj.) Inflated with pride, wealth, or food. 3 cure (a herring) by salting and smoking lightly. [old norse]

Bloater n. Bloated herring.

Blob n. Small drop or spot. [imitative] Bloc n. Group of governments etc. Sharing a common purpose. [french: related to *block]

Block —n. 1 solid piece of hard material, esp. Stone or wood. 2 this as a base for chopping etc., as a stand, or for mounting a horse from. 3 a large building, esp. When subdivided. B group of buildings between streets. 4 obstruction. 5 two or more pulleys mounted in a case. 6 piece of wood or metal engraved for printing. 7 slang head. 8 (often attrib.) Number of things as a unit, e.g. Shares, theatre seats (block booking). 9 sheets of paper glued along one edge. —v. 1 a (often foll. By up) obstruct. B impede. 2 restrict the use of. 3 cricket stop (a ball) with a bat defensively.  block in 1 sketch roughly; plan. 2 confine. Block out 1 shut out (light, noise, a memory, view, etc.). 2 sketch roughly; plan. Block up confine; enclose. [low german or dutch]

Blockade —n. Surrounding or blocking of a place by an enemy to prevent entry and exit. —v. (-ding) subject to a blockade.

Blockage n. Obstruction.

Block and tackle n. System of pulleys and ropes, esp. For lifting.

Blockbuster n. Slang 1 thing of great power, esp. A very successful film, book, etc. 2 highly destructive bomb.

Block capitals n.pl. (also block letters) letters printed without serifs, or written with each letter separate and in capitals.

Blockhead n. Stupid person.

Blockhouse n. 1 reinforced concrete shelter. 2 hist. Small fort of timber.

Block vote n. Vote proportional in power to the number of people a delegate represents.

Bloke n. Slang man, fellow. [shelta]

Blond (of a woman usu. Blonde) —adj. (of a person, hair, or complexion) light-coloured, fair. —n. Blond person. [latin blondus yellow]

Blood —n. 1 usu. Red fluid circulating in the arteries and veins of animals. 2 bloodshed, esp. Killing. 3 passion, temperament. 4 race, descent, parentage (of the same blood). 5 relationship; relations (blood is thicker than water). 6 dandy. —v. 1 give (a hound) a first taste of blood. 2 initiate (a person).  in one's blood inherent in one's character. [old english]

Blood bank n. Store of blood for transfusion.

Blood bath n. Massacre.

Blood count n. Number of corpuscles in a specific amount of blood.

Blood-curdling adj. Horrifying.

Blood donor n. Person giving blood for transfusion.

Blood group n. Any of the types of human blood.

Blood-heat n. Normal human temperature, about 37 °c or 98.4 °f.

Bloodhound n. Large keen-scented dog used in tracking.

Bloodless adj. 1 without blood or bloodshed. 2 unemotional. 3 pale. 4 feeble.

Blood-letting n. Surgical removal of blood.

Blood-money n. 1 money paid as compensation for a death. 2 money paid to a killer.

Blood orange n. Red-fleshed orange.

Blood-poisoning n. Diseased condition caused by micro-organisms in the blood.

Blood pressure n. Pressure of the blood in the arteries etc., measured for diagnosis.

Blood relation n. (also blood relative) relative by birth.

Bloodshed n. Killing.

Bloodshot adj. (of an eyeball) inflamed.

Blood sport n. Sport involving the killing or wounding of animals.

Bloodstain n. Stain caused by blood.  bloodstained adj.

Bloodstream n. Blood in circulation.

Bloodsucker n. 1 leech. 2 extortioner.  bloodsucking adj.

Blood sugar n. Amount of glucose in the blood.

Blood test n. Examination of blood, esp. For diagnosis.

Bloodthirsty adj. (-ier, -iest) eager for bloodshed.

Blood-vessel n. Vein, artery, or capillary carrying blood.

Bloody —adj. (-ier, -iest) 1 of, like, running with, or smeared with blood. 2 a involving bloodshed. B bloodthirsty, cruel. 3 coarse slang expressing annoyance or antipathy, or as an intensifier (bloody fool; a bloody sight better). 4 red. —adv. Coarse slang as an intensifier (bloody awful). —v. (-ies, -ied) stain with blood.

Bloody mary n. Mixture of vodka and tomato juice. Bloody-minded adj. Colloq. Deliberately uncooperative.

Bloom —n. 1 a flower, esp. Cultivated. B state of flowering (in bloom). 2 one's prime (in full bloom). 3 a healthy glow of the complexion. B fine powder on fresh fruit and leaves. —v. 1 bear flowers; be in flower. 2 be in one's prime; flourish. [old norse]

Bloomer1 n. 1 slang blunder. 2 plant that blooms in a specified way.

Bloomer2 n. Long loaf with diagonal marks. [origin uncertain]

Bloomers n.pl. 1 women's long loose knickers. 2 hist. Women's loose knee-length trousers. [mrs a. Bloomer, name of the originator]

Blooming —adj. 1 flourishing; healthy. 2 slang an intensifier (blooming miracle). —adv. Slang an intensifier (blooming difficult).

Blossom —n. 1 flower or mass of flowers, esp. Of a fruit-tree. 2 promising stage (blossom of youth). —v. 1 open into flower. 2 mature, thrive. [old english]

Blot —n. 1 spot or stain of ink etc. 2 disgraceful act or quality. 3 blemish. —v. (-tt-) 1 make a blot on, stain. 2 dry with blotting-paper.  blot one's copybook damage one's reputation. Blot out 1 obliterate. 2 obscure (a view, sound, etc.). [probably scandinavian]

Blotch —n. 1 discoloured or inflamed patch on the skin. 2 irregular patch of colour. —v. Cover with blotches.  blotchy adj. (-ier, -iest). [obsolete plotch, *blot]

Blotter n. Pad of blotting-paper.

Blotting-paper n. Absorbent paper for drying wet ink.

Blotto adj. Slang very drunk. [origin uncertain]

Blouse —n. 1 woman's garment like a shirt. 2 upper part of a military uniform. —v. (-sing) make (a bodice etc.) Full like a blouse. [french]

Blouson n. Short blouse-shaped jacket. [french]

Blow1 —v. (past blew; past part. Blown) 1 direct a current of air (at) esp. From the mouth. 2 drive or be driven by blowing (blew the door open). 3 (esp. Of the wind) move rapidly. 4 expel by breathing (blew smoke). 5 sound or be sounded by blowing. 6 (past part. Blowed) slang (esp. In imper.) Curse, confound (i'm blowed if i know; blow it!). 7 clear (the nose) by blowing. 8 puff, pant. 9 slang depart suddenly (from). 10 shatter etc. By an explosion. 11 make or shape (glass or a bubble) by blowing. 12 a melt from overloading (the fuse has blown). B break or burst suddenly. 13 (of a whale) eject air and water. 14 break into with explosives. 15 slang a squander (blew £20). B bungle (an opportunity etc.). C reveal (a secret etc.). —n. 1 act of blowing. 2 a gust of wind or air. B exposure to fresh air.  be blowed if one will colloq. Be unwilling to. Blow a gasket slang lose one's temper. Blow hot and cold colloq. Vacillate. Blow in 1 break inwards by an explosion. 2 colloq. Arrive unexpectedly. Blow a person's mind slang cause to have hallucinations etc.; astound. Blow off 1 escape or allow (steam etc.) To escape forcibly. 2 slang break wind noisily. Blow out 1 extinguish by blowing. 2 send outwards by an explosion. Blow over (of trouble etc.) Fade away. Blow one's top colloq. Explode in rage. Blow up 1 explode. 2 colloq. Rebuke strongly. 3 inflate (a tyre etc.). 4 colloq. A enlarge (a photograph). B exaggerate. 5 colloq. Arise, happen. 6 colloq. Lose one's temper. [old english]

Blow2 n. 1 hard stroke with a hand or weapon. 2 sudden shock or misfortune. [origin unknown]

Blow-by-blow attrib. Adj. (of a narrative etc.) Detailed.

Blow-dry —v. Arrange (the hair) while drying it. —n. Act of doing this.

Blower n. 1 device for blowing. 2 colloq. Telephone.

Blowfly n. Bluebottle.

Blow-hole n. 1 nostril of a whale. 2 hole (esp. In ice) for breathing or fishing through. 3 vent for air, smoke, etc.

Blow-job n. Coarse slang instance of fellatio or cunnilingus.

Blowlamp n. Device with a very hot flame for burning off paint, plumbing, etc.

Blown past part. Of *blow1.

Blow-out n. Colloq. 1 burst tyre. 2 melted fuse. 3 huge meal. Blowpipe n. 1 tube for blowing air through, esp. To intensify a flame or to blow glass. 2 tube for propelling poisoned darts etc. By blowing.

Blowtorch n. Us = *blowlamp.

Blow-up n. 1 colloq. Enlargement (of a photograph etc.). 2 explosion.

Blowy adj. (-ier, -iest) windy.

Blowzy adj. (-ier, -iest) 1 coarse-looking; red-faced. 2 slovenly. [obsolete blowze beggar's wench]

Blub v. (-bb-) slang sob. [shortening of *blubber]

Blubber —n. Whale fat. —v. 1 sob loudly. 2 sob out (words). —adj. Swollen, thick. [probably imitative]

Bludgeon —n. Heavy club. —v. 1 beat with this. 2 coerce. [origin unknown]

Blue —adj. (bluer, bluest) 1 having the colour of a clear sky. 2 sad, depressed. 3 pornographic (a blue film). 4 politically conservative. —n. 1 blue colour or pigment. 2 blue clothes or material (dressed in blue). 3 person who represents a university in a sport, esp. Oxford or cambridge. 4 conservative party supporter. —v. (blues, blued, bluing or blueing) 1 make blue. 2 slang squander.  once in a blue moon very rarely. Out of the blue unexpectedly. [french from germanic]

Blue baby n. Baby with a blue complexion due to a congenital heart defect.

Bluebell n. Woodland plant with bell-shaped blue flowers.

Blueberry n. (pl. -ies) small blue-black edible fruit of various plants.

Blue blood n. Noble birth.

Blue book n. Report issued by parliament or the privy council.

Bluebottle n. Large buzzing fly; blowfly.

Blue cheese n. Cheese with veins of blue mould.

blood curdling ! thats a fun one !!

[denguevirusconnoisseur]

B for bilharzia :)

two exams on thursday fuuUUUuUUCK khrqhrqr

[humanityisdying]

Bill Hazier.

[dryadpharmacy]

Ceratonia siliqua, commonly known as the carob tree 

(from Arabic kharrūb and Hebrew חרוב haruv), St John’s-bread, Johannesbroodboom, or locust bean (not to be confused with the African locust bean), or simply locust-tree,

“ is a species of flowering evergreen shrub or tree in the pea family, Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated for its edible pods, and as an ornamental tree in gardens. The ripe, dried pod is often ground to carob powder, which is used to replace cocoa powder. Carob bars, an alternative to chocolate bars, are often available in health-food stores.

The carob tree is native to the Mediterranean region, including Southern Europe, Northern Africa, the larger Mediterranean islands, the Levant and Middle-East of Western Asia into Iran; and the Canary Islands and Macaronesia. The carat, a unit of mass for gemstones, and of purity for gold, takes its name, indirectly, from the Greek word for a carob seed, kerátion.

The Ceratonia siliqua tree grows up to 15 m (49 ft) tall.It is frost-tolerant to roughly 20 °F (−7 °C)

The fruit is a legume (also known less accurately as a pod), that can be elongated, compressed, straight, or curved, and thickened at the sutures. The pods take a full year to develop and ripen. The sweet ripe pods eventually fall to the ground and are eaten by various mammals, such as swine, thereby dispersing the hard seed. The seeds contain leucodelphinidin, a colourless chemical compound.

The common Greek name is (Greek: χαρουπιά, charoupia), or (Greek: ξυλοκερατιά, ksilokeratia), meaning “wooden horn”. The carob genus, Ceratonia, belongs to the Fabaceae (legume) family, and is believed to be an archaic remnant of a part of this family now generally considered extinct.

Carob consumed by humans is the dried (and sometimes roasted) pod. The pod consists of two main parts: the pulp accounts for 90% and the seeds for 10% of the pod weight.Carob is mildly sweet and is used in powdered, chip, or syrup form as an ingredient in cakes and cookies, and as a substitute for chocolate. Carob bars are widely available in health food stores.

Carob pod meal is used as an energy-rich feed for livestock, particularly for ruminants, though its high tannin content may limit its use. The pulp is about 48–56% sugars and 18% cellulose and hemicellulose. Fructose and glucose levels do not differ between cultivated and wild carob. LBG is used as a thickening agent, stabilizer, gelling agent, or as a substitute for gluten in low-calorie products.

Note of caution:” carob (Ceratonia siliqua trees are a cause of  Cryptococcus gattii  infection to animals and humans, which is a yeast that lives on the tree. Cryptococcus gattii causes the human diseases of pulmonary cryptococcosis (lung infection), basal meningitis, and cerebral cryptococcomas. “The fungus also infects animals.  *see research link 21521012 and wiki.  Also not good when you’re thinking of a health food to reduces wrinkles, the anti-fibrosis properties which reduce the damage of Bilharzia are due to collagen degradation.

Antidepressant properties    *see research link 21328139

Contains a lot of good fatty acids linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid, which are mostly lost if they’re commercially-processed *see research link 19763833

Contains sedative and anxiety reducing compounds (excerpt from research:” the compounds acting on peripheral benzodiazepine receptors were found to be extremely concentrated in the young leaves (2572.57 ng PK 11195 equivalent/g).  The presence of substances with central benzodiazepine activity in carob extracts seems of great importance in view of the possibility to use carob extract as potential natural products with anxiolytic-sedative effects   “) *see research link 12165334

Stomach protective *see research link PMC4546091/

Anticancer properties against cervical cancer   * see research link /21399924

Contains a lot of sugar, sucrose (excerpt:”  sucrose is the major carbohydrate in carob bean and its concentration can be reached up to 52 g 100 g−1·d.m   “) *see research link PMC5133875/ under header Sugars

Contains a lot of fibers, handy for lowcost paper *see research link PMC5133875/ under header Fibers

Contains a lot of gum , which can be used in a lot of applications food, cosmetics.. *see also link /PMC5133875/ under header Gum

Anti-parasitic  & reduces damage of the Schistosomiasis /Bilharzia parasite  (see research link:”  Following CPE (300 and 600 mg/kg) treatment starting at day 46 post-infection, the oogram pattern revealed a complete disappearance of all immature and mature ova “) Ceratonia siliqua pod extract (CPE) *see research link PMC5100080/

Gastro-esophageal reflux decreasing properties in babies *PMC4737686/

Research and tips on Carob:

http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-321-carob.aspx?activeingredientid=321&activeingredientname=carob

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21328139

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19763833

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17852490

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21521012

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptococcus_gattii

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12165334

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4546091/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21399924

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133875/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignin

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5100080/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737686/

[i-was-today-years-old-when]

i learned that freshwater snails are one of the world's most deadly animals because they transmit the organism that causes schistosomiasis (aka bilharzia), which is, in and of itself, one of the most deadly parasites on the planet! Nearly 230m people were infected in 2014 and there are~200,000 deaths annually (x)

[makaojr]

Tips and tricks for travelling in Africa. Ultimate guide

written by Makaojr

April 14, 2019

You’ve finally taken the plunge and booked that ticket for an epic African adventure, you’ve planned a rough itinerary, picked your safari, and soon you’ll be on your way – hooray!

From the incredible natural environment to the rich cultural history, the friendly locals to the vibrant markets, Africa has everything, sometimes all at once. There’s just something about this fascinating continent that pulls you in and keeps you wanting to return over and over again. But there’s no denying that it can also be a daunting place to travel for even the hardiest of explorers!

We recently spent 4 months travelling through southern and central Africa, and we compiled all the things we either learnt along the way (through misfortune or trial and error!), or wish we’d known before we left for you, so you can focus on having the stress-free African adventure of your dreams!

How to speak the language

If you’re worried you’re going to get stuck at the airport in Tanzania forever because you can’t direct your taxi driver in fluent swahili, stay calm.

You’ll be mighty relieved to discover that despite the 1,500-2,000 local languages spoken in Africa, English is actually an official language in many countries (along with German or French in a few countries!).

Don’t miss out by being lazy and relying solely on English though; learn some key phrases. The locals will appreciate it and you’ll have a much richer experience for it – like the time a friendly Malawian fruit stall owner threw in a few extra pieces because we attempted our best Chichewa with him!

What the locals are like

Forget what you’ve seen in the movies; collectively, Africans are some of the friendliest people on the planet. It’s common to be greeted with a huge smile and hello, and most are keen to learn your name, where you’re from and why you’re visiting.

You’ll probably encounter the phrase ‘Mzungu’ being thrown your way – often by locals smiling as they wave out of car windows or pass you on the street. The literal translation from Swahili is ‘person who wanders without purpose’, though these days it’s used to describe any white foreigner. It’s mostly said in a friendly, joking way – so try not to take offence.

It’s also important to remember that Africa as a whole is very religious (Christianity and Islam are widely practiced) and quite conservative so be respectful of this in your speech and dress.

How to avoid border hassles

Unfortunately corrupt border processes are one aspect of African travel that can be seriously frustrating for travellers.

Most of the time you’ll pass with no issue, other times you may have to wait hours for your passport to be processed without explanation, or be asked to pay a corrupt official a bribe. Then there are the touts offering to exchange your money at rates that are totally ridiculous, or trying to sell you anything from bangles to samosas (side note: always buy the samosas, guys).

Thankfully, we managed to make it through eight different border controls with minimal hassle, and you can too, by following these tips:

Be informed: Know your visa requirements before visiting any country in Africa. Get in touch with your local embassy before travelling, or pay a visit to Project Visa for answers to all your visa-related questions.

Be organised: While you can get most visas at the individual points of entry, arranging them ahead of time saves a tonne of hassle (and sometimes, money!) later.

Be money smart: Always carry spare US dollars just in case. If you need to change money on the border, always know the exchange rate before you get there and bargain hard.

Be stubborn – if someone looks like they’re deliberately holding things up to make you pay to “rush it through” firmly (and politely!) ask to have your passport back. If you’re certain that your visa meets all the requirements but you’re being asked to pay more to get it approved, decline and ask to speak to another official.

Above all else: approach the process with a smile and have a laugh. It’s easier that way!

How to travel around

One of the best things about travelling in Africa is no matter where you are or where you want to go, getting from A-to-B is always possible. How you get from A-B however, is another story altogether.

Taxis, tuk tuks, mopeds, rickshaws, you name it… If it has wheels and appears capable of travelling some distance, you can probably travel on it. You might find yourself sitting on a flight or bus, crammed into a local mini bus with 25 other people (and the odd goat or chicken!), or hitching a ride in the back of a pick-up with half a village heading home from the markets.

For the record: travelling by mini-bus is an African rite of passage and we totally recommend embracing the uncomfortable seat and cramped conditions for this insight to how the locals live!

For a journey you can relax into, our tips are:

Always travel by day. Always.

Always wear your seatbelt

Don’t expect to leave or arrive on time – things run on Africa time here!

You may, or may not, get a seat. You may sit in the aisle of the bus for 5 hours with a chicken pecking at your head. Roll with it – it’s all part of the adventure!

For most mini bus journeys, you can negotiate your fare

Never pay a “bag storage fee” on large buses. It’s a scam – your ticket price includes your baggage.

Accommodation

From tailor-made luxury safari tents where you can live like Prince Harry, through to your standard backpacker dorms where snore-proof earplugs are a must – the options of where to lay your head in Africa are many and varied.

Many travellers actually choose to camp their way through Africa (we often did!), because the camping facilities are accessible, safe, full of good amenities, and super cheap. Plus, what better way to make new friends than by sitting round the campfire swapping stories about your day?!

Larger cities have all the usual accommodation options, the further into the countryside you venture, the less options are available. Don’t fear though, you’ll ALWAYS find somewhere to rest up after a hard day’s adventuring!

Things to consider:

Always book accommodation well in advance during peak season (May – October). Places like Namibia are extremely popular, with very limited accommodation in desert areas.

Use guide books, online reviews or local recommendations. Does it get good reviews?!

Does your accommodation have a safe, lockers or locks?

Is there a night watchman/security to make sure you and your belongings are safe overnight?

How to stay healthy

Medication & health: Check with your GP about what vaccinations and medication you’ll need before you depart.

Hot tip: Most countries require Yellow Fever vaccination proof just to enter the country.

We also packed the following to keep us fighting adventure-fit on the road:

Anti malarial medication

Antibiotics

Painkillers

Antihistamine

Iodine tablets

Hydrocortisone cream

Insect repellent: DEET is your new best friend!

* Sadly, though the lakes in Africa look inviting, many are home to a horrible parasite called Bilharzia. We’re not in the business of horror stories, so we’ll leave you to investigate the delights of that one yourself – but you DO NOT want to get it. Always check with locals before taking the plunge.

Water: There’s a pretty common misconception that there’s no clean drinking water in Africa, but we’re here to tell you it is possible to drink water straight from the tap in South Africa, Namibia, and parts of Zambia and Botswana. Head north and you’ll need to be cautious, but carry iodine tablets and you’ll be fine!

Food: All you really need to know is that food in Africa is delicious. It’s also mostly high quality – though perhaps avoid meat in remote areas due to a lack of proper refrigeration.

How to stay safe

We actually felt more safe in African countries than we did in other regions of the world we’ve visited. However, as always it pays to do your research before you go.

Keep the following in mind and you’ll have a stress-free trip!

Leave the flashy jewelry and designer labels at home – they’re not practical, and make you a target instantly.

Wear a money belt OR only take a day’s worth of cash out with you.

When taking money out at an ATM, be aware of your surroundings. If something seems suspicious, move along quickly.

We’re photographers, which means we always travel with big cameras and even bigger lenses. But you’d never know, because they’re safely locked away in our bags till needed. Don’t make yourself a target by waving yours around!

Don’t walk the streets at night by yourself, especially in larger cities or towns. If you’re out late, take a taxi or Uber, every time.

Pickpockets exist here as they do everywhere, so if you’re visiting markets, bazaars, train or bus stations be extra careful.

Going it alone

Africa is a wonderful place to travel solo. If you’re open, you can have wonderfully rich experiences while meeting incredible people. You’ll also find that it’s pretty safe – any dangers that exist for both males and females are pretty the same as anywhere else you’d travel to.

Where possible, follow these tips and you should have no issues:

Be cautious when travelling to remote regions

Don’t travel alone at night

Register your travel plans with your government

Keep in regular contact with members at home

Money matters

Africa isn’t a cheap holiday by any stretch – generally the daily costs for a traveller are much higher than in Asia or even South America.

Budget around $100USD per day per person for transport, accommodation and food. Safaris and adventure activities bump up the cost substantially, so you’ll need to allocate more for those.

There are 54 currencies in Africa, so things can get tricky if you’re travelling to multiple countries. Here are a few tips to handle it all:

Most southern African countries have ATM’s or credit card facilities. If not, it’s best to find a local bank and stock up on currency.

If you have a large amount of currency left over when leaving a country, exchange it at the border with a reputable source. Only in extreme circumstances should you use street vendors

Always hide at least $200 USD somewhere safe in case of emergencies

Credit card fraud is big time in Southern Africa, so be wary. We had our cards skimmed in South Africa and temporarily lost AUD$1500!

Tipping is generally expected, though it varies region to region

Staying scam-free

Our general rule of thumb is “if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is”; live by this in Africa and you should be okay.

Here’s what to avoid:

People offering a good or service (e.g. tour) for free, including tours, only to charge exorbitantly at the conclusion of the service

Fake products or tickets being sold at inflated prices

Payment for stored baggage on bus rides

Insisting on carrying baggage at airports or bus depots, then demanding a large ‘tip’

Over inflated taxi or bus rides – always agree on a price first!

People posing as refugees, students or orphans begging

Other ‘payments’ at border crossings, including health assessments or for bogus documents

Be mindful of resources

Electricity, or lack of it, is big issue in Africa. Many areas have it, yet over 600 million people still go without. As technology develops so does access, however if you are travelling, please take this into consideration. Switch those lights off and unplug your chargers!

We recommend carrying a worldwide travel adaptor and a solar charging device (not all rest camps will have consistent access to power!).

Same goes for water – Africa is a dry continent, and has long-suffered droughts. Short showers = benefit for all.

[logi1974]

Amanzi River Camp is situated halfway between Cape Town and Windhoek, this is the ideal stay over on your way to or from Namibia as well as the perfect take-off point to destinations such as the Fish River Canyon, Namib Desert and Orange River with its canoe excursions, tours, etc. The region is malaria-free and the river water is free of bilharzia. There are no crocodiles or hippos. This section of the Orange River is known for its abundance of yellowfish, mudfish and catfish.

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Das Amanzi River Camp liegt auf halber Strecke zwischen Kapstadt und Windhoek. Dies ist der ideale Zwischenstopp auf dem Weg von oder nach Namibia sowie der perfekte Startpunkt zu Zielen wie dem Fish River Canyon, der Namib-Wüste und dem Orange River mit Kanuausflüge, Touren usw. Die Region ist malariafrei und das Flusswasser ist frei von Bilharziose. Es gibt keine Krokodile oder Flusspferde. Dieser Abschnitt des Orange River ist bekannt für seine Fülle an Gelbfischen, Schlammfischen und Welsen.

[ir-egipto-travel]

Condom !

The earliest known condoms were found in Ancient Egypt, where linen sheaths were used to protect against disease, they were made out of different materials like goat / cow skin, Ram intestine, linen soaked in oils.

They were one of the first civilizations to use sheaths. Egyptians were known to have a very ritualistic culture which used symbols and calligraphy to denote objective and subjective communication. For protection during intercourse, evidence from about 1000 C.E. states that linen sheaths were used, specifically to prevent tropical diseases like bilharzia. Furthermore, Egyptian men wore colored sheaths to distinguish social status within their complex hierarchy.

Egyptians, condom-like glans caps were dyed in different colours to distinguish between different classes of people and to protect themselves against bilharzia.

Ancient pessaries may also be made using ingredients that are less revolting. One, for instance, involved a piece of cotton or plant fibre soaked in a paste of unripe acacia fruit, honey and ground dates, and inserted into the vagina. Alternatively, wool soaked in silphium juice may also be used as a pessary. This was a plant widely used in the ancient Mediterranean, and was found on the shores of Cyrenaica (which is modern day Libya). It has been speculated that as a result of over-harvesting, this plant went extinct.

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#ancientegypt #iregipto #egyptpassion #discoveregypt #thisisegypt #egypt #MBPlanet #facts #history #ancienthistory #amazing #interesting #wow #condom #intestine #soak #archeology #diseases #pregnancy #pharaoh #protection #egyptology #heritage #hygiene #medical #travel #explore #visitegypt #belikepharaoh #tripadvisor_egypt

[bopinion]

Book of the month / 2020 / 08 August

I love books. Even though I hardly read any. Because my library is more like a collection of tomes, coffee-table books, limited editions... in short: books in which not "only" the content counts, but also the editorial performance, the presentation, the curating of the topic - the book as a total work of art itself.

The Phaidon Atlas of contemporary World Architecture

Editors of Phaidon

Atlas / 2004 / Phaidon Press

As a child I wanted to be an architect. When boys of the same age were still painting dinosaurs and tanks, I stuck copy paper together to design houses on a scale of 1:100 with pencil and ruler. For the sake of simplicity, I always only ever designed the ground floor, but regularly with several thousand square metres of floor space, as an oversized children's room could easily include a bowling alley. Later, my mother made sure that after school I was allowed to use the drawing tables in the exhibition of an architectural office outfitter.

Shortly before my studies I realized that architecture as a profession has more to do with math and regulations than with design and creativity, and yet I took a different direction professionally. Nevertheless, architecture continues to accompany me. For example, I have re-designed several shopping centres and planned various office conversions. And in every building I stop - for the regular amusement of my companions - in front of the inconspicuous escape route plan to understand the structural essence of the building.

I always felt that architecture was an art form. But as one that doesn't remain on paper, that creates a step into reality: one can experience it from all sides, go into it, live in it. It uses people as a home, a workplace and in their leisure time. And it can be monumental and epochal: from the Great Wall of China and the pyramids of Giza to the Eiffel Tower and the Suez Canal, further to the Olympic Stadium in Munich and the Burj Khalifa in Dubai.

In my library there are various books about famous architects from Oscar Niemeyer to Jean Nouvel. And a proverbial "atlas of contemporary architecture from around the world". A monster whose more than 400 double pages are considerably larger than Din A2, and which is therefore sold in a transparent plastic carrying case. Bought at Berlin Airport, I was a bit surprised to discover that a book can be too big for hand luggage - but I won the discussion. So there's plenty of room for truly large-format art.

Phaidon (or Phaedo) was a student of Socrates and a discussion partner of Plato in his famous dialogue on the immortality of the soul. No wonder that the founder of the publishing house Dr. Bela Horovitz chose this name in Vienna in 1923, as her first publications were of a philosophical nature. Having moved to London during the Nazi era, the publishing house became a leading house of books on art in the broadest sense: fine arts, photography, design, fashion - and architecture. According to Vitruvius, finally the "mother of all arts".

Two aspects differentiate the "Phaidon Atlas of contemporary World Architecture" from classical architectural folios: firstly, the presentation is not limited to pretty pictures of the buildings, but places their creation in their conceptual and site context in a detailed manner. On the other hand, the selection of objects is neither geographically limited to the usual world cities nor in terms of personnel to the usual superstars of the industry. The focus here is indeed on the building and its architecture itself.

Architecture is based - again according to Vitruvius (Markus Vitruvius Pollio, architect in Rome in the 1st century B.C. and author of the only surviving book on architecture in antiquity) - on the three principles of stability, usefulness and grace. In fact, it only acquires its value by fulfilling all three criteria. So it is almost inevitably more than l'art pour l'art. In this book you will get to know and appreciate architecture. In an extremely successful way - here are a few comments: The only global look at cutting-edge building that's available between two covers, a compendium of cool (Newsweek). Never have I seen more works of architecture from around the world so extensively documented (Richard Meier). Think of it as a Lonely Planet guide with more 3D elevations and less crap about taxi scams and bilharzia. Impressive (Arena). So vast it practically needs planning permission, the perfect source book (Wallpaper). Now we need to reinforce the shelving! (Zaha Hadid).

Unfortunately the atlas has been out of print for some time. But there are still copies of a successor - specialized on the 21st century, i.e. really contemporary - available:

https://www.amazon.de/Phaidon-Atlas-Century-World-Architecture/dp/0714848743/ref=sr_1_3?dchild=1&ie=UTF8&keywords=The%20phaidon%20Atlas%20of%20World%20architecture&language=en_GB&qid=1595782311&sr=8-3

But of course I would never recommend buying at Amazon, but rather visiting the local antiquarian bookstore ;-)

[unclehung10]

neuseeland welche sprache spricht man (8)

new zealand what language is spoken in new zealand what continent does new zealand belong to i wrote down some german words for you and next to them the same words as the children and people in this country say in english. It can happen that a district can overlap with parts of several regions. Because of the majority voting system, these could only gain a few seats in parliament, despite the large number of votes. September 1893 New Zealand was the first country in the world to introduce the right to vote for women. In 1861 large gold deposits were discovered on the South Island, which led to the gold rush in Otago.

New Zealand's South Island - Pure Fascination

Declared a British colony in 1840, it only gained official autonomy from England in 1947. For him, it's all about motivating the warriors psychologically. The choreography is very free, so that each dancer can express himself. This Haka is usually danced without weapons. The pair flukes (Schistosoma) are parasitically living sucker worms that are native to the tropics and subtropics. They infest mammals, birds, reptiles such as crocodiles and alligators, but also humans. They live in water, penetrate the bloodstream of their victims and then remain in the veins of their hosts. The tiny pair can cause schistosomiasis (also called bilharzia), a tropical disease for which there is only one antidote worldwide. New Zealand is an island state in the South Pacific, but where exactly is New Zealand?

The place and the buildings where the treaty was signed at that time are today the popular tourist attraction "Waitangi Historic Reserve".

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New Zealand's territorial waters are with 167,653 km² very large relative to the land mass, the Exclusive Economic Zone is with 3,931,136 km² even one of the largest in the world.fact, many visitors are so overwhelmed by the peaceful atmosphere that they forget all vigilance and behave differently than at home.you may be bothered on the beaches with sand flies, wasps and the parasites called Giardia, which "only" provoke a strong thin shit and are otherwise harmless.

Why are there no snakes in New Zealand?

But for many Maori, a part of Tahiti is the most important of all islands - the spiritual home of their ancestors. Raiatea belongs to French Polynesia and is located about 220 kilometers northwest of the largest island of Tahiti.

Read more about campervan hire New Zealand here. Early settlement long-arrow-right The Maori were the first settlers of New Zealand, which they called Aotearoa - "Land of the Long White Cloud". The last time a man died of tree nettle poisoning was in 1961. He stumbled while walking through a nettle bush; five hours later he died in hospital. However, this was the only recorded death so far; all other poisoned people were very ill for two to three days.

Who owns New Zealand?

New Zealand belongs to the British Commonwealth. The word Haka in itself has nothing to do with war, but only means "dance" or "song with dance". Even if the wide open eyes and the loud voices easily tempt to take the movements as aggressive, they are not always. The point is to gather, to experience courage through the group, to stand strong and find balance in power. Their fine K