#best pandit in punjab

[astrologerjdshastri]

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[mediaheights]

Children's Day or Bal Diwas is celebrated across India on November 14 to honor India's first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru every year. Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru. Children's Day or Bal Diwas is celebrated across India on November 14 to honor India's first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru every year. #childernsday #BalDiwas Build your brand with digital media & take the benefits of social media branding contact Media Heights. By Mediaheightspr.com

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[hindulivesmatter]

I am a proud hindu so i was angry about what happened to kashmiri hindus. but after reading up on it and the history of kashmir in general, one thing is really obvious: india failed kashmir (all of them not just hindus). It’s why I support their right to self-determination. I am based in America and I know several punjabis here who don’t consider themselves indian because their family/community was directly impacted by the 1984 anti sikh pogroms. ig i’m saying india has failed a lot of people (esp minorities) so if we are not from their ethnic group, we don’t get to selfishly claim them or impose our will on them. like i’m a kannadiga and i hate the imposition of hindi in my home state and while this is not even slightly comparable to the violence and trauma faced by kashmiris, punjabis and other groups, i would hate for a non-kannadiga (esp a hindi speaker) telling me how to feel and having the final say in the matter so kashmiri self determination just makes sense to me.

this just my two cents hope this didn’t sound rude because that’s not my intention.

I know you didn't mean to be rude here, but what you're saying is actually really out of touch.

I hope you're aware of what happened in Kashmir to Kashmiri pandits. Pakistan has dreamed of Kashmir since it was formed. That's why they wrongfully attacked India the first time, securing only POK which sadly was due to the UN, and weak Indian political power. Since then, they have infiltrated our country, and approximately 300,000 Kashmiri Pandits are reported to have left the region due to constant persecution from the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) and other militant groups, like Hizbul-Mujahideen (HM). In 1989, radical Islamists initiated an insurgency, fueled by covert support from Pakistan.

The party at the time did its best to hide this, and stifle it as much as possible, this got an ounce of coverage and light when The Kashmir Files was released

Hindus have 5000 years of recorded history with the land, that Islamists claim has “always been Muslim land”. "Kashmir" is literally named after Rishi Kashyap, if you're aware. On 19, January 1990 mosques blared out the infamous "convert leave or die" and finished their mission of converting the entirety of Kashmir to an Islamic state. Our pandits were told to leave their wives and daughters behind if they wanted to escape alive.

They're still living like refugees in their country, and now thanks to the scrapping of sec 370, things have taken a turn for the better.

Many Muslims of Kashmir still retain their Hindu surname. It was a deliberate attempt to wipe Hindus out that Islamists achieved and now THAT'S the free Kashmir they want, this slogan isn't promising actual Kashmiris that were displaced from their homes back, this slogan is furthering the agenda to chew Kashmir off India's map - the one true dream.

A similar approach is taken by Khalistanis, they aren't asking for Lahore, you know, the capital of Maharaja Ranjeet Singh, they're demanding INDIA to give Punjab away. They are funded by Pakistan as well that's why they can't say anything about Sikh treatment in Pakistan. That's why they can't say anything about Gurudwaras converted to garbage bins. You obviously, being far away, aren't aware of what's going beneath the surface, they have vandalized various Hindu Temples.

They take the name of their Guru who sacrificed his life for India, while they stomp on the flag of India.

In theory, I guess it sounds easy to say "Well, disagreements are flaring up, so let's just split and give them their own thing". But this isn't how it works. Compromise and collaboration is how decisions are made in a democracy. This is our motherland, the last time we split was painful as fuck. The only reason India didn't fall apart after Independence is because of the formation of linguistic states.

I lived in Bangalore for the majority of my childhood, and I left 2 years before the entire language debacle began. I don't know if you know, but now Kannadigas are getting violent if anyone speaks Hindi. They demand you to speak in Kannada even if you don't know how.

You're based in America, so I'm not holding this against you, but I'm begging you, please do more research.

[Exhibit 82]

[indra-digi]

Musical Instruments 2024

Musical Instruments

Musical instrument to produce melodies are known as musical instruments.

The way they make sound divides them into four families: wind (such as the flute and trumpet) instruments, which use air flow to produce sound; percussion (such as drums and xylophones) instruments, which use striking or shaking; and keyboard (such as the piano and organ) instruments, which combine elements of both wind and string instruments.

The distinctive design and playing style of each instrument add to the vast range of tones and genres present in music throughout the world. 

There are four major traditional categories of musical instruments according to the type of instrument and natya shastra involved.

Bound instrument

These are membranophonic Musical Instruments because they have an outer membrane through which they are struck to produce a particular musical sound.

They are also known as blow instruments because they are struck to produce musical sounds. They have one or two sides covered with skins or leather. Dundubhi is also the oldest land in this range. Included in this category are the musical instruments like tabla, drum, dhol, Congo, mridang, etc. While tabla is the accompaniment of most Hindustani classical vocal music, mridang, mridang, mridang, etc.

https://indradigi.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Wind-instrument.webp

These are of the airphone category i.e. they include all air instruments, the most common Musical Instruments include flute to barber, pungi etc. The most common but difficult to play instrument in this category is the clarinet. It is an air instrument difference with a double tube with a wide tube on the head. It is one of the oldest instruments in India.

The high title of Shehnai Raja was given to the great Ustad Bismillah Khan. Through his soulful playing he took the Shehnai to its climax One of the most common instruments that can be found in every household is the flute which has been in use since the Vedic period. Initially called a Nadi or tunao, it became a revered object when the image of Lord Krishna playing the flute became a symbol of the Hindu imagination. One of the most famous flute players of India is Pandit Hariprasad Chaurasia. 

Cube instrument

This is the style of no drum stroke instrument which does not require any tuning, they are also called Indio phones, popular examples from the body of Dhanwad, Manjira, Jal Taran, Glass, Tarang, Ghungroo Ghatam Kartal etc. Manjira or Chhang is a small brass chanj, it is used in temples, archaeological excavations have found Manjira to be as old as the Harappan civilization.

CardoPhon

These cards are the phone or string middle Musical Instruments. They produce the most effective music when modified by hand in the sound. There are three types of musical instruments. Arched instruments in which the sound is produced by blowing a bow across the strings.

For example, the violin, the Asar, the heart, the Ruba, and the violin. Placattrorl: Instruments in which strings are drawn with the fingers or strings or horns, for example, sitar, veena, tanpura, guitar, etc., India gave birth to many of the best artists in the field of musical instruments. The Bangus family is considered to be among the 20th century Agardoots, there are many gharanas playing the sitar, for example Jaipur, Varanasi, Etawah gharana.

https://indradigi.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Cardophon.webp

Dulcimer

There are 100 stringed Musical Instruments and the traditional instrument of Jammu and Kashmir since ancient times, Sufiana Kalam is the accompaniment of santur with music. 

Folk musical instruments

The stringed Musical Instruments tum is also played during pangana in this Punjab. A Tara It is a stringed Musical Instruments played by wandering sadhus Two Tara A two-stringed instrument played by Bahul. Chikara bent yantra is used in Rajasthan,

Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, Dilruba or israj in Punjab and in eastern India is used for accompaniment by Rabindra Sangeet Onavallu is made of bamboo in Kerala. Sarida, an important tribal instrument, is played by the Santhals in the inter-eastern India. It is also used in Rajasthan and Assam. It is like the sarangi. 

https://indradigi.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Folk-musical-instruments.jpeg

Musical instrument played with blow Pungi or Bin It is used by snake charmers made by dried taurai and two bamboo sticks or. Algoja consists of two flutes and is popular as a folk music instrument in the northwestern India, especially in Punjab.

Tangmuri is a folk music instrument of the people of the Khasi hill region of Meghalaya. Titti It is similar to a bagpiper and is made from goat skin. The head is an important folk music instrument of Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh, targeted at Garhwal in Uttarakhand, and is made of bamboo and used in the Vihu festival of Assam. And it is played in the Ganesh festival in Goa.

Idakka It is like a Damrau and is used in Kerala Urdu kai It is a sand-shaped Damrau-like difference in Tamil Nadu Sambhal It is like a drum It is protected by sticks in the Konkan region of Maharashtra. This is an important two-headed musical instrument of the Dhamak Sansthan tribe played with drums trucks. The percussive musical instruments that produce the sound of the tongs evolved from the tongs used in fire and are used in Punjab Diggi is a folk dholak from. Ghadiya village in Uttar Pradesh.

The pot is made of pottery. It is used in the folk music of Punjab. Andel is used in Katha Kirtan. It is made of two circular hollow rings of metal.

Modern developments in music

The process of development of music has been endless since its inception In the twentieth twenty-first century, many attempts have been made for the rapid development of the music industry. There are institutions that teach music to students and provide them with an educational background in the subject.

Gandharva Mahavidyalaya

V.D Paluskar established this school in 1901 with the express objective of teaching and transmitting knowledge of Indian cultural music and dance to future generations. Initially opened in Lahore, it shifted to Mumbai in 1915. The college focuses on Hindustani and Carnatic classical forms of music.

Prayag Sangeet Samiti

It was established in 1926 in Allahabad to impart education in Hindustani classical music.

Sangeet Natak Academy

The Sangeet Natak Academy was the first national academy for the arts established by the Government of India in 1952. The Academy focuses on creating systems for the sustainability of musical drama in India, in that it is expected to be the primary marriage for the performing arts in the country. It is also expected to promote the vast intangible heritage of India performed through forms of music, dance and drama.

Marish Music College

It is one of the premier institutions for studying classical music in India. Aries was founded in 1920 by the great musician Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande. He moved back to his native place Lucknow to establish this school. It focuses on the theory of music as well as the practice of singing and playing instruments. Later it was named as Bhatkhande Music Institute

Spic Macay

Kiran Seth founded the Spic Macay Community in 1977. The full name of the organization is Society for the Promotion of Indian Classical Music and Culture among the Youth. It started as a Samavaikal Youth Movement. The core of this organization is to promote Indian classical music, dance, yoga, meditation and other aspects of Indian culture as a platform for the younger generation to showcase the culture of India.It targets the common people and youth by organizing many free entry programs and gradually it has become a gigantic organization with a large number of branches all over the world.

Chatur Prahar

Yeh Hai is an annual classical music festival held at the National Centre for the Arts in Mumbai, based on the concept of Rago and time affiliation.

Conclusion

Musical instruments are indispensable instruments of human expression that cut across all cultural and temporal barriers. They stimulate creativity and emotional connection by bringing melodies, rhythms, and harmonies to life. Every Musical Instruments, whether it be a modern electric guitar or a traditional Saraswati Veena, has a distinct sound and cultural significance. The fundamental function of musical instruments has not changed over time—that is, to convey and arouse feelings—despite technological advancements and shifts in artistic expression. Around the world, people are still inspired, amused, and brought together by musical instruments, whether they are played by a single performer or an orchestra. 

[everythingkashmir]

Ishq, Inshallah

Is Kashmir getting on the South Asia’s music map?

By Faisul Yaseen

Faheem Abdullah and Rauhan Malik’s recent song ‘Ishq’ from ‘Lost; Found’ album has immortalised the work of Amir Ameer, a poet from Rahim Yar Khan, a city in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

It is breaking the internet and becoming a trending meme song. The song is also bringing closer music lovers across India and Pakistan, who are raving about Ameer’s mesmerising poetry and soothing voice of Abdullah and Malik. ‘Ishq’ may not be the best thing to have happened to the Kashmir music industry but it certainly has attracted traction and could play its part in putting Kashmir on South Asia’s music map.

Though boasting of rich musical instrumentals, magical voices, and insightful poetry, Kashmir’s music industry has suffered over the decades due to the Kashmiri language’s limited reach as only 6.8 million people speak Kashmiri. However, the experimentation of composing Urdu songs by young Kashmiri singers like Abdullah and Malik and a crop of new-generation Kashmiri singers is making the canvas bigger for them as Urdu boasts 71.29 million native speakers while the language is also understood by 571.3 million native Hindi speakers.

Like Abdullah and Malik, someone who took this experimentation to new heights in Kashmir was Yawar Abdal, a new-age Kashmiri singer who, in 2017, experimented with his single, ‘Tamana’, a multilingual song in Kashmiri, Urdu, and Persian languages based on the poetry of three legendary poets: Mehjoor (Kashmiri), Mirza Ghalib (Urdu), and Amir Khusru (Persian). The song became an instant hit on the internet. Abdal’s best work to date though might not be ‘Tamama’ but a lesser hit ‘Inshallah’. It is an artistic genius: multilayered and ambiguous and shakes a listener out of placid.

Abdal may not have the best voice among the new-age Kashmiri singers but he is heads and shoulders above others when it comes to crafting his work. Like his unconventional music, the visualisation in his music videos touches raw nerves and asks questions that only great art can.

Canadian pop artist Grimes says, “Only art ever saved me, everything else has betrayed me.” And Abdal’s music and music videos never betray your trust.

Jyotsna Bharti in ‘Mixing Old Melody with New Melancholy: Meet Kashmir’s Fresh Folksingers’ writes, “At a time when youngsters elsewhere are de-rooting themselves and trying westerns, many new-age Kashmiri musicians and singers are popularising their roots. Following the footsteps of their forefathers, they’re finding solace in Rabab, pleasures in poetries and life in mountains…”

These new-age Kashmiri singers like Ali Saifuddin, Mohammad Muneem Nazir, Saim Bhat, Ishfaq Kawa, Rasiq Khan, Waqar Khan, Kabul Bukhari, Arsalan Nizami, Ubair Taj Beigh, Baabarr, Mudacer, Shazia Bashir, Aabha Hanjura, Vibha Saraf, and Rahul Wanchoo wear Kashmir on their sleeves, sport Kashmiri shawls and Pherans, use traditional musical instruments, and shoot music videos in the picturesque locales.

They have taken a leaf out of the book of their ancestors like Raja Begum, Shamima Dev Azad, Ghulam Hassan Sofi, Abdul Rashid Hafiz, Kailash Mehra Sadhu, and Neeraja Pandit and popularised it among the new generations of Kashmir offering them music from their roots and educating them that Kashmiri music might be as rich as the Bollywood and western music and much like the Punjabi music could carve out an identity of its own.

Kashmiri music represents its rich melodic heritage. It has played a significant role in shaping and expressing its cultural identity. Kashmiri music has served as a powerful tool to preserve Kashmiri traditions, values, and stories.

Kalhana in his magnum opus ‘Rajatarangini’ wrote in the 12th Century CE that Kashmiri musical instruments have extremely aged roots. A 4th-century CE tile found during excavation from Harwan shows the impression of a female musician playing a drum. The other person is shown playing a veena. King Bhiksacara (1120-21 CE), who himself played these instruments was fond of ‘Chhakri’ (folk choral singing) which continues to be popular in Kashmir.

According to Kalhana, folk musical instruments like earthen pots and brass vessels were used by Kashmiri people from very early times. Prominent musical instruments played in Kashmir include Surnai, Santoor, Saitar, Nai, Tumbaknari, Noot, and Rabab.

Tumkanari (goblet drum) is usually used by womenfolk on occasions like engagement and marriage functions. In Central Asia Tumkanari called Tumbakh or Tunbak is now made of wood while Kashmir maintains its originality and the musical instrument is still made of baked clay. Similarly, the use of Noet (earthen pot) in Kashmiri music is mentioned in Nilmata Purana as well as Kalhana’s Rajtarangini.

Kashmiri music also has influences from the Central Asian music.

“We even borrowed their music and instruments,” historian Prof Fida Muhammad Hassnain wrote in ‘Common Cultural Links between Kashmir and Central Asia’.

According to B C Deva, the string instruments, Rabab and Sarangi, came to Kashmir with the influence of Muslims.

While some historians state that the most popular instrument used in folk music in Kashmir is the Rabab borrowed from Persia, others suggest it was adopted from Afghanistan centuries ago and has been an integral part of Kashmiri music culture ever since.

These musical instruments have also played a key role in the evolution of Kashmiri Sufiana music.

The instruments used by the Sufiana musicians are quite different from those used in Indian classical music and Kashmiri folk music. The prominent instruments include Santoor, Kashmiri Saitar, Saaz-e-Kashmir, and Tabla.

Shabir Ahmad Mir in his paper ‘Mystical Music: Safeguarding Sufiana Mausiqi – a Vanishing Art Form of Kashmir’ for the International Journal of Intangible Heritage writes, “Sufiana mausiqi (music) continued to flourish during the reign of Sultan Yusuf Shah Chak (1579-1586). His queen, Habba Khatun, is often credited with introducing a maqam ‘Rast-Kashmiri’ by making a little structural variation on maqam Rast-Farsi. Chak and his queen were great patrons of music as well as musicians themselves, and they devoted their time to embellishing Kashmiri classical music. Rast-Kashmiri still forms the most popular maqam of the Sufiana repertory.”

In Kashmir, marriage and engagement functions, Eid festivals, Radio Kashmir Srinagar, and Doordarshan Kendra Srinagar played a key role in keeping the Kashmiri music alive.

Music often has a massive cultural impact as is illustrated by the influence of The Beatles and The Rolling Stones. The Beatles is considered as the most influential band in the history of popular music and for defining the countercultural movement of the 1960s. Similarly, The Rolling Stones, considered one of the greatest Rock n Roll bands of all time with their raw energy and rebellious image defined the cultural landscape of the 1960s and beyond.

Abdullah, Malik, and Abdal may just have begun their musical journeys but the route they are taking to their stardom might shape Kashmir’s musical heritage for future generations. Who knows next ‘Coke Studio’ shift in South Asia could come from the Valley! Ishq and Inshallah might be the shape of things to come from Kashmir.

Greater Kashmir

[missfay49]

Women of the world

A speech before a mass meeting of over 10,000 people at the New Life Model Center in Chungking on the occasion of the 33rd Anniversary of the International Women's Day, March 8, 1942. The substance of this speech was given in a broadcast to the United States on the same day.

I have just returned from India in time to take part in our wartime capital's celebration of International Women's Day. It is a long time since I have had any opportunity of speaking to you.

I feel that in these stormy days when the aggressors are ravaging the world every man and woman of us must make the best possible use of his or her ability in practical work if humanity is to be saved. China suffered earliest and has suffered most from aggression. She was also the first to rise in resistance against it.

Upon Chinese women has fallen the responsibility of steadfast loyalty to their country's just cause. Today women in all countries of the world are enthusiastically celebrating this occasion. The forms they adopt in doing so may differ but two common resolves are uppermost in their minds: that the aggressors must be overthrown and that civilization must be preserved.

The women of this age have a great contribution to make to the success of this just war against aggression. Since the manifesto of the twenty-six United Nations was issued on New Year's Day the forces of right and might have been ranged in two clearly distinguished camps. A beginning has been made in bringing about a better state of world affairs. The history of mankind is being rewritten.

The main consideration before the minds of women today should not be what they have to demand from the world but what they have to give the world now and in the future. We must assume half of the responsibility for the welfare of humanity and from this belief should spring our faith in ourselves.

12

While I have been on my journey abroad I have had this belief strengthened in me and something of what I experienced I wish now to tell you. I think you will all be glad to hear of the things I saw and heard in India. I wish to assure you that the women of India possess a great potential energy which they are ready to devote to progress. They are especially endowed with the virtues of endurance and fortitude.

I was present at a meeting of the All-India Women's Association and I was asked to convey to my fellow countrywomen the solicitude and sympathy felt for them by Indian women. When I was giving them an account of Chinese resistance and the outrages of the invaders not a few of them shed tears of compassion, not of mere negative sorrow. It was an expression of righteous indignation at iniquitous deeds. It represented the noblest and purest qualities of human nature and those qualities that are the peculiar gift of women. Although I was but a short time in India I had opportunities of meeting several outstanding women figures. I met Mrs. Sarojini Naidu, Mrs. Ranjit Pandit and Begum Nawaz. Each had special attributes worthy of our admiration.

Mrs. Naidu is a famous poetess of whose literary genius I need not speak. Most striking was her accurate understanding of human life and her rich emotional nature. Listening to her I felt that her heart was an inexhaustible fountain of warmth and sensibility.

Mrs. Pandit is the president of the All-India Women's Association and the sister of Pandit Nehru. She, whom you all know, is a resolute, able, lovely, dignified person with all the womanly qualities we admire.

Begum Nawaz is of a courageous and discerning disposition. She made me feel that I was talking to a woman general. She said that the gallantry of Punjab women did not fall short of that of the men. From what I have said of these few women you can gather something of the intelligence, learning and character of Indian women in general.

There are, or course, many girls and women there who are unable to get an education yet they are straightforward, hard-working, conscientious and firm in such a way that I have no hesitation in saying that when they are given adequate opportunities they will certainly render valuable service in the struggle for freedom.

13

Turning to our own work, I feel that one of the most important things today is that we women should show our strength and put it to the best use. If we can concentrate our energies there is no doubt they can be made to serve some good purpose. Solidarity is absolutely necessary. Complete solidarity, not only of the women of the same nation or of the same area, but also of women of all nations and all parts of the world. There must be a unity of mind and purpose among all women of the world in their endeavor to perform their duties in the modern world, to save the world and save themselves at the same time.

Consider: if we do not unite to save this splendid and beautiful world from the clutches of the aggressors there will come a day when they will rule the world and under them women will meet with an abominable fate. In Japan, Germany, and Italy where are there any women who have not been robbed of their noblest qualities, their individuality oppressed, their finest gifts corrupted and abused? The overthrow of the Axis is the key to women's emancipation. As the war goes on our maxim must be, "The fighting forces first, victory first.' In all women's activities war service must stand first. This is a fundamental principle of which there can be no question.

Another point I wish to make and take this opportunity of impressing upon you is the immense value of spiritual strength. I have recently become aware that in the history of human endeavor physical and material force has determined success or failure only in a proportion of thirty per cent, while spiritual force has amounted to seventy per cent of the total strength exerted. With men and women it is the same. If their faith is firm, their spirit robust and their hearts inspired with high resolve they can, despite bodily weakness, support whatever suffering they are called upon to endure and actually profit by their weakness. If on the other hand their spirit falters and their will is weak the best physique will not enable them to recover from setbacks and face dangers and difficulties. Women have been generally considered the weaker sex, but for qualities of tenacity and intrepidity we are by no means inferior to men. In war service and social work we ought especially to develop our spiritual strength, employing it in stimulating morale at the front and influencing the tenor of social life. The struggle will become fiercer, the conditions of national and social life will become harder, but if we have firm confidence in ourselves and go on unceasingly with our work victory will assuredly come and the nation and humanity attain freedom.

14

In three day's time we shall commemorate the third anniversary of the inauguration of spiritual mobilization. That too is a direction in which we women must exert our efforts.

Finally, I should like to tell you something of women's work in Yunnan as I have recently observed it. I am sure you will be delighted to know of it as proof of the real strength of Chinese womanhood. Under the leadership of Madame Lung Yun the women of Yunnan have already organized a New Life Women's Working Corps and are engaging in many kinds of war service. At a gathering I attended while in Kunming I happened to propose the raising of money for four kinds of service promoted by the New Life Movement this year. Only members of the families of army men and officials were present together with some teachers and factory workers. Very few were moneyed people but my proposal met with a most enthusiastic response, some of the women even taking off rings and other ornaments and donating them to the cause. Two hundred fifty thousand dollars were immediately collected and a few days later a total of four hundred twenty thousand dollars was subscribed. That is more than the entire sum subscribed by the bankers. The generosity and the ingenious zeal of us Chinese women need only be aroused. We are ready to do more than give money. For the nation and victory we are ready unstintedly to give all that we have and are.

Yunnan is now an important base of resistance and under the leadership of Madame Lung the women of the province will undoubtedly go on developing their strength with, I am sure, an encouraging effect on those in other parts of the country.

A last word in conclusion. Women's activities must proceed along lines of the most essential and realistic work, the high and noble ideal to be pursued never at the same time being lost sight of. In our love of country and of humanity we must never forget the distress of suffering fellow women. All our work, however, must be centered upon the task of overcoming wartime difficulties and attaining the final victory over the forces of aggression. That victory will be the guarantee of the freedom of our nation and of humanity and will mean the success of the great undertaking of world rehabilitation. It will mean also an unprecedented elevation of the status of women in society. Looking with exaltation into that future, I appeal to you for your best efforts.

15

[absolutedigitalbranding]

Children's Day or Bal Diwas is celebrated across India on November 14 to honor India's first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru every year. Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru. Children's Day or Bal Diwas is celebrated across India on November 14 to honor India's first Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru every year. #childernday ##ChildrensDay Build your brand with digital media & take the benefits of social media branding contact Absolute Digital Branding & Public Relations. By Absolutedigitalbranding.com #Internetmarketing

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[mindbaanker]

BPSC Teacher Mock Test Free- 5

Welcome to the fifth edition of the BPSC (Bihar Public Service Commission) Teacher Mock Test! This test series is designed to assess your knowledge in various subjects relevant to teaching and general awareness. It will evaluate your understanding of historical events, literature, and notable personalities that have shaped the cultural and educational landscape of India.

Test Instructions:

Carefully read each question and select the most appropriate answer.

Choose the option that you believe corresponds to the correct answer.

After completing the test, you can review the correct answers along with explanations.

Let's dive into the questions:

Question 1: Who authored the renowned book 'Brihat Katha'?

गुणाढ्य

सर्व वर्मन

प��णिनि

राधागुप्त

Question 2: The famous book 'Brihat Katha' was written by Gunadyha, a distinguished scholar in the court of Satavahana King Hal.

वैदिक युग

मौर्य युग

गुप्त युग

मध्यकालीन भारत

Question 3: During the Mauryan Empire, who was responsible for overseeing markets and investigating corrupt practices?

संस्थाध्यक्ष

सीता अध्यक्ष

अंकाध्यक्ष

मानाध्यक्ष

Question 4: Which Brahmin scholar stated that 'A wife is half of her husband'?

शतपथ ब्राह्मण

ऐतरेय ब्राह्मण

गोपथ ब्राह्मण

तैत्तिरीय ब्राह्मण

Question 5: With which dynasty did the Shaka rulers initiate the Kshatrapa system of governance?

पार्थियन

कुषाण

शुंग

सातवाहन

Question 6: Which Mughal Emperor was ruling Delhi when the Vijayanagara Empire was founded?

फिरोज तुगलक

सिकंदर लोदी

गयासुद्दीन तुगलक

मुहम्मद-बिन-तुगलक

Question 7: Which Mughal Emperor is also known as "Padshah Ghazi"?

अकबर

जहांगीर

शाहजहाँ

औरंगजेब

Question 8: Which Mughal Emperor earned the title "Padshah Ghazi" and sat on the throne?

अकबर

जहांगीर

शाहजहाँ

औरंगजेब

Question 9: In the Mughal period, who were the officers responsible for revenue collection and maintaining accounts?

गवर्नर जनरल

��िवान

दरोगा

अमलगुजर

Question 10: During which event did Indians have their first contact with Islam?

Arab invasion of Sindh in the 7th century

Turkish invasion in the 11th century

Arab traders along the Malabar coast

None of the above

Question 11: Whose name is associated with the foundation of the revolutionary organization "Anushilan Samiti"?

Rajkumari Amrit Kaur

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit

Aruna Asaf Ali

None of the above

Question 12: Which Indian literary figure is closely linked to the poem "Bidrohi" (The Rebel)?

Rabindranath Tagore

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

Kazi Nazrul Islam

Shambhunath Pandit

Question 13: Who was the first Indian woman to preside over an Indian National Congress session?

Rajkumari Amrit Kaur

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit

Aruna Asaf Ali

Sarojini Naidu

Question 14: Which Governor-General implemented the "Forward" policy towards Afghanistan?

Lord Dufferin

Lord Mayo

Lord Elgin

Lord Ellenborough

Question 15: Which Bengali poet wrote the famous poem "Bidrohi" (The Rebel)?

Rabindranath Tagore

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

Kazi Nazrul Islam

Shambhunath Pandit

Question 16: Who was the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature?

Rabindranath Tagore

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

Kazi Nazrul Islam

Shambhunath Pandit

Question 17: Who was awarded the first Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award?

C. Rajagopalachari

Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

Jawaharlal Nehru

M. Visvesvaraya

Question 18: Which Indian scientist is known as the "Missile Man of India"?

C. V. Raman

Homi J. Bhabha

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Srinivasa Ramanujan

Question 19: Which river is known as the "Sorrow of Bengal"?

Brahmaputra

Ganges

Yamuna

Godavari

Question 20: What is the Indian equivalent of the Nobel Prize?

Bharat Ratna

Padma Shri

Param Vir Chakra

Ashoka Chakra

Question 21: Which Indian state is known as the "Land of Five Rivers"?

Punjab

Haryana

Uttar Pradesh

Rajasthan

We hope you find this test informative and beneficial for your BPSC Teacher exam preparation. Best of luck in your journey to becoming an educator and making a positive impact on the lives of students!

You can mind more questions and answers in Mindbanker

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Heena Sidhu

This Biography is about one of the best Professional Shooter of the world Heena Sidhu including her Height, weight, Age & Other Detail… Express info Real Name Heena Sidhu Nickname Not Known Profession Indian sport shooter Age (as in 2023) 23 Years old Physical Stats & More Info Height in centimeters- 163 cm in meters- 1.63 m in Feet Inches- 5’ 4” Weight in Kilograms- 51 kg in Pounds- 112 lbs Eye Colour Black Hair Colour Black Shooting Of  Heena Sidhu Debut In 2010, at the Asian Games in Guangzhou, China. Coach/Mentor Ronak Pandit (her husband) Achievements/Records • On 7 April 2014, she became the first Indian Pistol Shooter to be ranked World No.1. • In the 2013 ISS World Cup, she won a Gold medal. • With a final score of 203.8, she is the Finals World record holder (in 10 m air pistol event). Career Turning Point In 2010, when she won a silver at the Asian Games held in Guangzhou, China. Personal Life Of  Heena Sidhu Date of Birth 29 August 1989 Birth Place Ludhiana, Punjab, India Zodiac sign/Sun sign Virgo Nationality Indian Hometown Patiala, Punjab, India (resides in Mumbai) School Yadavindra Public School, Patiala, India College Not Known Education Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) Family Father- Rajbir Sidhu (National Shooter) Mother- Rominder Kaur Sidhu Brother- Karanbir Sidhu (younger brother) Sister- Not Known Religion Sikhism Ethnicity Punjabi Hobbies Painting, Sketching, Cooking Girls, Family & More Of  Heena Sidhu Marital Status Married Affairs/Boyfriends Not Known Sexual Orientation Straight Husband Ronak Pandit, Pistol Shooter (married 7 February 2013) Children Daughter- N/A Son- N/A This Biography written by www.welidot.com Read the full article

[humdelhi]

"Before the partition of India, I lived with my family in the Lahore district of Punjab. Sir Ganga Ram Hospital and “Nakain ki Haveli” were two famous landmarks near my house - which still stand today in the city.

A few days before the partition, I was on a family trip to Kangra. I was 14 at the time. The trip was meant for leisure, but communal riots broke out in Punjab at the same time. We heard the news of our own mohalla being set on fire using petrol. Even the houses were set on fire. Naturally, there was no going back for us. While we were in Kangra, our family pandit suggested that we should take shelter in Rehlu, an extremely peaceful and safe village. He even arranged accommodation for us in the village. The new house was safe enough for us to sleep peacefully. I had dreams about my home, but the fresh air of Rehlu helped me accept my new reality.

Sometimes, I had a feeling that it was almost too good to be true, and as it turned out, that feeling was accurate. It took just a few days for Rehlu to be engulfed in communal riots. And then, a malaria breakout in the village only made matters worse for us. Everyone in the family was down with malaria fever. The first real sense of loss dawned on me when my elder brother perished to the disease. By this stage, the riots were so extreme that we couldn’t even give him a proper funeral. We collected a few bushes outside the house and used them to cremate his body. The fire hadn’t even completed its job when it started raining. My brother’s body did not get cremated fully, and there was nothing we could do about it. The next day, we had no choice but to escape from Rehlu.

We decided to return to Lahore. After all, my grandparents were still in Lahore! Despite all odds, I held on to a belief in my heart that they must have escaped and survived the riots. Yes, there was uncertainty, but there was hope. Our desperate search eventually took us to the refugee camps of Amritsar, where we finally found them. Some might say, “despite all odds”, but I always fancied our odds. My upbringing had taught me to always hold on to hope. My elders had always maintained, despite the political rhetoric of the time, that the partition would never happen. “Our own brothers won’t betray us, will they?” Well, all I can say is that hope can sometimes be naive, but one must hold on to it anyway.

Frankly, Amritsar was too close to the border for us to forget Lahore. Delhi, the city of hope, was where we decided to go next. A distant relative from Mehrauli in Delhi assured us that he would arrange some accommodation once we got there. He did indeed live up to his promise, and hooked us up with an abandoned haveli that used to belong to a Muslim family. He broke the lock and asked us to occupy it fearlessly. “If someone asks you where you came from, tell them to talk to me,” he said. Occupying someone else’s home just did not sit right with my father. He wanted to leave it as soon as possible. To make that happen, he toiled hard for 3 years to earn enough money to purchase a 100 sq. yard plot in Kishan Ganj, with contributions from other family members. We built our new house there. The abandoned Haveli in which we were staying was abandoned, yet again.

By this point, you must be wondering why I haven’t mentioned my mother. Well, my biological mother passed away when I was probably 7 or 8 years old. Looking back, I believe she was spared the pain of witnessing the atrocities we had faced. My father only remarried in 1950, a decade after my biological mother’s demise, only to make sure that my siblings and I did not have to spend the rest of our lives without a mother.

Today, I live with my son, daughter-in-law and two grandkids, Srishti and Arjun. Sadly, my wife, Pushpa Malhotra, is no longer with us. I cherish every moment of the 47 years I spent with her. In my view, she was the best person to have ever lived. My son and daughter-in-law are both independent and hard-working. They have now built up the family well, and I believe my future generations will continue to do well.

I am Chand Kumar Malhotra. I lived for 80 years, from 1933 to 2013, and this is my story."

- Story shared by Chand Kumar Malhotra's grandson, Arjun Malhotra, based on excerpts from his diary

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