Researchers achieve >99% photoluminescence quantum yield in metal nanoclusters
A research team has achieved near-unity room-temperature photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) (>99%) in the near-infrared (NIR) emission of metal nanoclusters in solution. Their work is published in Science.
Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) as NIR-emissive materials hold potential in biomedical applications. However, the PLQY of Au NCs in the NIR region is typically low, often less than 10%. To address this problem, researchers synthesized Au22(tBuPhC≡C)18(Au22) and its copper-doped counterpart, Au16Cu6(tBuPhC≡C)18 (Au16Cu6), to study their photophysical properties.
Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that Au22 and Au16Cu6 share similar structures. Au22 showed an emission peak at 690 nm and Au16Cu6 at 720 nm. The absolute PLQY of Au22 and Au16Cu6 in air were 9% and 95%, respectively.
In the deaerated solution, the PLQY of Au16Cu6 reached 100%, measured by both absolute and relative methods. Time-correlated single-photon counting measured the photoluminescence lifetimes of Au22 and Au16Cu6 to be 485 ns and 1.64 μs, respectively.
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帝韦伯星战AU22
两方取得联系并不是什么容易的事,双方都要小心行事慢慢来,在建立联系之前他们都尽量沉下心去做自己该做的事。
Rider照常劫掠敌船。韦伯则在中专情报的同时逐渐接受一下外出任务,比如搜索潜入进来的敌人间谍,在他们把消息带出去之前杀掉他们。离开农业星球的时候他会跟邻里(马凯基夫妇)打招呼,说出去做小生意,回来的时候会带些特产给邻居和小灰。
某次在边境黑市执行任务的时候韦伯捡到了混血力敏小孩斯芬,斯芬也是个小奴隶,在被发现会使用原力的时候被人抓起准备通过黑市卖到帝国那边领赏钱(帝国一直在悬赏绝地,力敏小孩可能会被说成是绝地学徒卖给帝国)好在老师救了他。
而弗拉特,他原本来是洛克.贝尔费邦大师的徒弟,但是因为弗拉特本身太过特殊,洛克大师觉得自己不适合教他,于是就送到了韦伯这里。
因为韦伯的胳膊偶尔会拿下来进行护理,某一次护理时由于邻居过来请他帮忙,韦伯出去了一下,不过才过了一小会,回来就看见这俩小孩正在讨论给他手上装光炮:“让老师空手放光炮!”( 要不是因为有斯芬在,改装方案很可能是火箭飞拳)
p.s以前的绝地都是一次只带一个徒弟的,但韦伯越是研究与原力的平衡就越是觉得没这个必
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lyric(s) for the wip game:)))
"You can't listen to the lyrics of this song too closely," the girl on Charles' left told him seriously. "I heard this whole album makes you want to kill yourself."
Charles furrowed his brow. He wondered if she knew it was his album and she was at the release party for it which was why the song was playing. It was sad, but not too sad, wasn't it?
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i love fat cis women, y’all are great. but also some of you fucking suck and i’m talking specifically about fat women who are fine when a brand isn’t inclusive to sizes higher than a 20, 22 just because they can fit in those sizes.
I’ve been getting a lot of ads on tiktok for a leisure sports brand and i’m like “these are cute too bad they’re not inclusive in their sizing!” because they go up to an AU22 (US20) and i had women comment saying “what do you mean? how can they be more inclusive?” and “they go up to a 3xl that’s inclusive!” like... i don’t know, only being able to cater towards mid-sized people isn’t inclusive enough and going up to a 5xl would be nice, even bigger sizes.
like, just because they’re inclusive to you doesn’t mean they’re inclusive to everyone.
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This bacterium gets paid in gold
A bacterium named Moorella thermoacetica won't work for free. But UC Berkeley researchers have figured out it has an appetite for gold. And in exchange for this special treat, the bacterium has revealed a more efficient path to producing solar fuels through artificial photosynthesis.
A single nanocluster of 22 gold atoms -- Au22 -- is only 1 nanometer in diameter, allowing it to easily slip through the bacterial cell wall. Credit: Peidong Yang, UC Berkeley
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This bacterium gets paid in gold
A bacterium named Moorella thermoacetica won't work for free. But UC Berkeley researchers have figured out it has an appetite for gold. And in exchange for this special treat, the bacterium has revealed a more efficient path to producing solar fuels through artificial photosynthesis.
M. thermoacetica first made its debut as the first non-photosensitive bacterium to carry out artificial photosynthesis in a study led by Peidong Yang, a professor in UC Berkeley's College of Chemistry. By attaching light-absorbing nanoparticles made of cadmium sulfide (CdS) to the bacterial membrane exterior, the researchers turned M. thermoacetica into a tiny photosynthesis machine, converting sunlight and carbon dioxide into useful chemicals.
Now Yang and his team of researchers have found a better way to entice this CO2-hungry bacterium into being even more productive. By placing light-absorbing gold nanoclusters inside the bacterium, they have created a biohybrid system that produces a higher yield of chemical products than previously demonstrated. The research, funded by the National Institutes of Health, was published on Oct. 1 in Nature Nanotechnology.
For the first hybrid model, M. thermoacetica-CdS, the researchers chose cadmium sulfide as the semiconductor for its ability to absorb visible light. But because cadmium sulfide is toxic to bacteria, the nanoparticles had to be attached to the cell membrane "extracellularly," or outside the M. thermoacetica-CdS system. Sunlight excites each cadmium-sulfide nanoparticle into generating a charged particle known as an electron. As these light-generated electrons travel through the bacterium, they interact with multiple enzymes in a process known as "CO2 reduction," triggering a cascade of reactions that eventually turns CO2 into acetate, a valuable chemical for making solar fuels.
But within the extracellular model, the electrons end up interacting with other chemicals that have no part in turning CO2 into acetate. And as a result, some electrons are lost and never reach the enzymes. So to improve what's known as "quantum efficiency," or the bacterium's ability to produce acetate each time it gains an electron, the researchers found another semiconductor: nanoclusters made of 22 gold atoms (Au22), a material that M. thermoacetica took a surprising shine to.
"We selected Au22 because it's ideal for absorbing visible light and has the potential for driving the CO2 reduction process, but we weren't sure whether it would be compatible with the bacteria," Yang said. "When we inspected them under the microscope, we discovered that the bacteria were loaded with these Au22 clusters -- and were still happily alive."
Imaging of the M. thermoacetica-Au22 system was done at UC Berkeley's Molecular Imaging Center.
The researchers also selected Au22 ¬- dubbed by the researchers as "magic" gold nanoclusters -- for its ultrasmall size: A single Au22 nanocluster is only 1 nanometer in diameter, allowing each nanocluster to easily slip through the bacterial cell wall.
"By feeding bacteria with Au22 nanoclusters, we've effectively streamlined the electron transfer process for the CO2 reduction pathway inside the bacteria, as evidenced by a 2.86 percent quantum efficiency -- or 33 percent more acetate produced within the M. thermoacetica-Au22 system than the CdS model," Yang said.
The magic gold nanocluster is the latest discovery coming out of Yang's lab, which for the past six years has focused on using biohybrid nanostructures to convert CO2 into useful chemicals as part of an ongoing effort to find affordable, abundant resources for renewable fuels, and potential solutions to thwart the effects of climate change.
"Next, we'd like to find a way to reduce costs, improve the lifetimes for these biohybrid systems, and improve quantum efficiency," Yang said. "By continuing to look at the fundamental aspect of how gold nanoclusters are being photoactivated, and by following the electron transfer process within the CO2 reduction pathway, we hope to find even better solutions."
Co-authors with Yang are UC Berkeley graduate student Hao Zhang and former postdoctoral fellow Hao Liu, now at Donghua University in Shanghai, China.
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Colar de miçanga cor preto 4MM / choker miçanga preta básica AU22
Colar de miçanga cor preto 4MM / choker miçanga preta básica AU22
Colar de miçanga – Cores preto
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Possui fecho e 4 cm de corrente extensor
Miçanga tamanho médio 4 mm de diâmetro
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cant stop thinking about the time a 16yr old from work was helping me go through expiration dates and when she stumbled across one that said AU22 she asked me if AU stood for alternative universe
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soft mum friend vibes! i need to go to the shops but i'm having a bad pain day so i wanted something really comfortable. ✨ || outfit details || top: thrifted, target au22 bottom: big w au20
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Nouvelle promotion sur https://promotion-maroc.com/femme-femmes/oriflame-maroc/promo-fin-dannee-oriflame-maroc-60-a-la-passation-de-60bp-du-18-au22-decembre-2018/ à ne pas rater !
Promo fin d’année Oriflame Maroc -60% à la passation de 60BP du 18 au22 décembre 2018
Promo fin d’année Oriflame Maroc -60% à la passation de 60BP du 18 au22 décembre 2018
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Analysis Compilation - AU22 Finals 2018
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