#anfeng

[meowunmeow]

AnFuu this... FengFuu that...

How about AnFeng- *runs away*

[jolieeason]

Bookish Travels---March 2023 Destinations

This meme is what it says: Places I travel to in books each month. Books are lovely and take you to places you would never get to. That includes places of fantasy too!! Bon Voyage!! Please let me know if you have read these books or traveled to these areas. United States New Hampshire (Adams) New York (Haverford, Limerick, Johnstown), Connecticut (Ashford, Canterbury, Bayfield), Pennsylvania…

[arcticapricity]

Blank in the moon

Yay art!

Yes he is a Genshin oc.... His name is anfeng!

[thestoriesthatweweave]

Another tiny snippet of my Ouyang-centric time-travel au wip. Set very shortly after the first one, once again under the cut because it contains spoilers for up to chapter 7 of the main fic.

The first thing he noticed, upon reaching her tent, was the horse tied up to a post next to it.  When Old Luo had said Zhu had stolen a horse, Ouyang had assumed he’d meant one of the ill-fed nags that populated Anfeng, not an actual Mongol warhorse. Feeling an odd kind of hunger, he walked closer to examine it. He was a gelding, and not as wonderful as the mare Esen had gifted him in his previous life, but still a better horse than any Ouyang had even managed to get close to in years. He extended his hand, and rubbed his soft nose, very gently. “Hello,” he whispered, “Where did you come from?” 

“Are you trying to steal this monk’s horse?” said a familiar voice, very close to his shoulder.

“Yes,” Ouyang said, without turning around, “that’s why I’m standing right in front of your tent petting him.” 

“You should know,” Zhu said, “that they put thieves’ heads on walls here. Just for your information.” 

“How lucky that you’re a monk,” Ouyang replied, “and so will show mercy to this sinner.” 

“You must not have met many monks, if you think us merciful.” It was impossible to read her emotions from the tone of her voice. There was amusement in it, and it obscured anything else, like silt in a pond.

“I’ve met a few,” Ouyang said, and finally turned to face her. It had been odd to see her when she’d been a child, so much smaller and softer than he’d remembered her. It was odder still to see her now, when the features were the same as in his memories, and the shadows behind her eyes so much lighter. Her hands hung limply at her sides, both of them, because he’d never cut one off. He felt his lips stretch. He said, quiet enough that only she would hear, in the scant space between them, “Long time no see, Little Sister.” 

[linguistlist-blog]

TOC: Babel Vol. 69, No. 4 (2023)

ICYMI: 2023. v, 143 pp. Table of Contents Introduction: Literary translation in the age of artificial intelligence Wang Ning pp. 437–446 ARTICLES Automated translation and pragmatic force: A discussion from the perspective of intercultural pragmatics Roberto A. Valdeón pp. 447–464 Defending the last bastion: A sociological approach to the challenged literary translation Wang Hongtao pp. 465–482 Neural machine translation and human translation: A political and ideological perspective Sheng Anfeng http://dlvr.it/SxckJK

[paraflyer-de]

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Quelle: https://paraflyer.de/7-online-handelsplattformen-fer-anfenger

[anfenger]

Auch wir werden unser Lädchen die nächsten Tage geschlossen lassen. Online sind wir natürlich 24/7h für Euch da und freuen uns, dass wir in diesen Tage vielleicht auch die Zeit finden, Dinge neu anzugehen, umzudenken und ANFENGER Ideen voranzutreiben, die wir schon lange verschoben haben. Let‘s make the best out of it! 🌨🌈 Und damit wir Euch virtuell stets weiterhin treffen, freuen wir uns über Bilder von Euch in ANFENGER, wie dieser wunderschöne Schnappschuss einer Kundin in unserem blauen Blusenkleid. 😩😍🙆🏻‍♀️ Ganz viel Liebe und Gesundheit an Euch da draußen. #ShopLocal #SupportSmallBusinesses #Anfenger #Madeingermany (hier: Moers) https://www.instagram.com/p/B91BN4hIH4m/?igshid=q9i57fkb7v6o

[anfengs]

hopefully will find all my twt moots on here :(

[bookofjin]

Administrative geography of Western Han (30,115)

According to Ban Gu's Book of Han.

Yan 兗州

Huaiyang淮陽國

Ku苦

Ningping寧平

Yu 豫州

Runan汝南郡

Xiang項

Xinqi新郪

Xinyang新陽

Fubo富波

Xiyang細陽

Ruyin女陰

Qisi期思

Shen慎

Jin浸

Yilu宜祿

Pei沛郡

Xiang相

Longgang龍亢

Zhu竹

Guyang穀陽

Xiang向

Zhi銍

Xiacai下蔡

Duo鄲

Qiao譙

Qi蘄

Hong虹

Shansang山桑

Fuli符離

Xiaqiu夏丘

Xiao洨

Mang芒

Jiancheng建成

Chengfu城父

Zan酇

Ping'e平阿

Yicheng義成

Xu 徐州

Chu楚國

Ziqiu甾丘

Sishui泗水國

Ling淩

Siyang泗陽

Guangling廣陵國

Guangling廣陵

Jiangdu江都

Gaoyou高郵

Ping'an平安

Linhuai臨淮郡

Xu徐

Qulu取慮

Huaipu淮浦

Xuyi盱眙

Qiuyou厹猶

Tong僮

Sheyang射陽

Zhuiqi贅其

Gaoshan高山

Suiling睢陵

Yandu鹽瀆

Huaiyin淮陰

Huailing淮陵

Xiaxiang下相

Fuling富陵

Dongyang東陽

Gaoping高平

Hailing海陵

Yu輿

Tangyi堂邑

Jing 荊州

Jiangxia江夏郡

Qichun蘄春

Yang揚州

Lujiang廬江郡

Shu舒

Juchao居巢

Longshu龍舒

Linhu臨湖

Xulou雩婁

Xiang'an襄安

Congyang樅陽

Qian灊

Huan睆

Hulingyi湖陵邑

Songzi松茲

Jiujiang九江郡

Shouchunyi壽春邑

Junqiu浚遒

Chengde成德

Tuogu橐皋

Yinling陰陵

Liyang歷陽

Dangtu當塗

Zhongli鍾離

Hefei合肥

Dongcheng東城

Boxiang博鄉

Quyang曲陽

Jianyang建陽

Quanjiao全椒

Fuling阜陵

Liu'an六安國

Liu六

Liao蓼

Anfeng安豐

Anfeng安

Yangquan陽泉

Kuaiji會稽郡

Wu吳

Qu'e曲阿

Wushang烏傷

Piling毗陵

Yuji餘暨

Yangxian陽羨

Wuxi無錫

Shanyin山陰

Dantu丹徒

Yuyao餘姚

Lou婁

Shangyu上虞

Haiyan海鹽

Youquan由拳

Wucheng烏程

Yuhang餘杭

Qiantang錢唐

Fuchun富春

Danyang丹揚郡

Wanling宛陵

Yuqian於㬱

Jiangcheng江乘

Chungu春穀

Moling秣陵

Guzhang故鄣

Jurong句容

Jing涇

Danyang丹陽

Shicheng石城

Hushu胡孰

Lingyang陵陽

Wuhu蕪湖

Liyang溧陽

Xuancheng宣城

Not located

Sishui泗水國

Yu于

Pei沛郡

Zheyu輒與

Gao高

Gaochai高柴

Piaoyang漂陽

Dongxiang東鄉

Lindu臨都

Linhuai臨淮郡

Kaiyang開陽

Bojing播旌

Xiping西平

Kailing開陵

Changyang昌陽

Guangping廣平

Lanyang蘭陽

Xiangping襄平

Leling樂陵

County locations and ancient rivers, lakes, and shorelines from The Historical Atlas of China.

I have intentionally stuck to the Hanshu where it differs from the Historical Atlas.

[meowunmeow]

Feng after meeting Andy (he is no longer the strongest (this might also be for homosexual reasons))

[twist-of-lime]

Thorn

Ðorn byþ ðearle scearp; ðegna gehwylcum anfeng ys yfyl, ungemetum reþe manna gehwelcum, ðe him mid resteð.

The thorn is exceedingly sharp, an evil thing for any knight to touch, uncommonly severe on all who sit among them.

[fuyonggu]

Book of Jin 100.1, Biography of Wang Mi

This is the rebels chapter, so expect rebels plotting rebellion. More specifically, these are all rebels against the Jin dynasty who don’t get entries elsewhere in the Book of JIn (so no lords of the Sixteen Kingdoms and no usurpers).

First up is Wang Mi, who was not actually the son of Wang Ping. Like many biographies, it’s pretty contextless if you aren’t familiar with the timeline involved.

王彌，東萊人也。家世二千石。祖頎，魏玄菟太守，武帝時，至汝南太守。彌有才幹，博涉書記。少遊俠京都，隱者董仲道見而謂之曰：「君豺聲豹視，好亂樂禍，若天下騷擾，不作士大夫矣。」惠帝末，妖賊劉柏根起於東萊之惤縣，彌率家僮從之，柏根以為長史。柏根死，聚徒海渚，為苟純所敗，亡入長廣山為群賊。彌多權略，凡有所��，必豫圖成敗，舉無遺策，弓馬迅捷，膂力過人，青土號為「飛豹」。後引兵入寇青徐，兗州刺史苟晞逆擊，大破之。彌退集亡散，眾復大振，晞與之連戰，不能克。彌進兵寇泰山、魯國、譙、梁、陳、汝南、潁川、襄城諸郡，入許昌，開府庫，取器杖，所在陷沒，多殺守令，有眾數萬，朝廷不能制。

Wang Mi was a native of Donglai commandary. He came from a family of Two Thousand 石 salary rank. His grandfather was Wang Qi, who was once Cao-Wei's Administrator of Xuantu. During the reign of Emperor Wu (Sima Yan), Wang Qi rose in office to Administrator of Runan.

Wang Mi was practiced and talented, and well-read and learned in books and biographies. As a youth, he wandered through the capital region as a warrior-errant. The hermit Dong Zhongdao saw Wang Mi and said to him, "Sir, you have the sound of a wild dog and the look of a panther. You are the sort of fellow who finds happiness in turmoil and delights in misfortune. If anything should befall the realm, it will not be the official's life for you."

Near the end of Emperor Hui's reign (~307), the crafty bandit Liu Bogen rose up at Jian county in Donglai commandary. Wang Mi led his family and servants to join Liu Bogen, who appointed Wang Mi as his Chief Clerk. When Liu Bogen died, Wang Mi led his forces to the sea islets. He was defeated by Gou Chun, but he fled to Mount Zhangguang and became a bandit leader. Wang Mi was very calculating and cunning, and whenever he raided a place, he always planned out his victory beforehand and never made tactical mistakes.

Wang Mi was nimble and agile with horse and bow, and his arm strength surpassed others. The people of the Qing region called him "Flying Panther". 

Later, Wang Mi led his troops to invade Qingzhou and Xuzhou. The Inspector of Yanzhou, Gou Xi, intercepted Wang Mi and attacked him, greatly routing him. Wang Mi fled and gathered up all his scattered soldiers again, and the morale of his soldiers was restored. Gou Xi fought against Wang Mi several times, but he could not overcome him.

Wang Mi advanced, and his soldiers invaded the commandaries of Taishan, Luguo, Qiao, Liang, Chen, Runan, Yingchuan, and Xiangcheng. Wang Mi entered Xuchang, where he opened the Arsenal there and took weapons and equipment. All fell before him, and many Administrators and Prefects were killed. His forces swelled to the tens of thousands, and the Jin court could not control him.

會天下大亂，進逼洛陽，京邑大震，宮城門晝閉。司徒王衍等率百官距守，彌屯七里澗，王師進擊，大破之。彌謂其党劉靈曰：「晉兵尚強，歸無所厝。劉元海昔為質子，我與之周旋京師，深有分契，今稱漢王，將歸之，可乎？」靈然之。乃渡河歸元海。元海聞而大悅，遣其侍中兼御史大夫郊迎，致書於彌曰：「以將軍有不世之功，超時之德，故有此迎耳。遲望將軍之至，孤今親行將軍之館，輒拂席洗爵，敬待將軍。」及彌見元海，勸稱尊號，元海謂彌曰：「孤本謂將軍如竇周公耳，今真吾孔明、仲華也。烈祖有云：'吾之有將軍，如魚之有水。'」於是署彌司隸校尉，加侍中、特進，彌固辭。使隨劉曜寇河內，又與石勒攻臨漳。

At this time, the realm was wracked by chaos. Wang Mi advanced and threatened Luoyang, and the capital region was greatly disturbed. The palace and city gates were all shut. The Minister Over The Masses, Wang Yan, and others led the Jin government officials to man the walls. Wang Mi camped at Seven Li Gully. The Jin royal army advanced and attacked him, and Wang Mi was greatly routed.

Wang Mi said to his fellow Liu Ling, "The Jin soldiers are strong and numerous, and there is nowhere we can go to for shelter. But there is Liu Yuanhai (Liu Yuan); when he was a hostage in the capital, he and I used to roam around the capital region together, and we formed a deep bond. Now he has declared himself the King of Han. We could go to join him. What do you think?" Liu Ling agreed.

So they crossed the Yellow River and went to join Liu Yuan. When he heard of this, Liu Yuan was overjoyed, and he sent his Palace Attendants and Imperial Secretaries to welcome Wang Mi at the border. He sent Wang Mi a letter stating, "General, your achievements supplant the age, and your virtues surpass the era; that is why I have sent you this welcome. Before you reach here, I shall personally prepare a place of residence for you, roll out the carpet and wash the vessels for you, and respectfully await your arrival."

When Wang Mi met Liu Yuan, he urged him to declare himself Emperor. Liu Yuan said to Wang Mi, "General, I used to consider you as just like Dou Zhougong (Dou Rong). But now I see that you are really more like Kongming (Zhuge Liang) or Zhonghua (Deng Yu). It is as Liezu (Liu Bei) once said: 'General, now that I have you, I am like a fish that has found water'." And he appointed Wang Mi as Colonel-Director of Retainers, Palace Attendant, and Specially Advanced, but Wang Mi firmly declined these things. 

Liu Yuan sent Wang Mi to accompany Liu Yao to invade Henei, and they joined with Shi Le to attack Linzhang.

永嘉初，寇上黨，圍壺關，東海王越遣淮南內史王曠、安豐太守衛乾等討之，及彌戰于高都、長平間，大敗之，死者十六七。元海進彌征東大將軍，封東萊公。與劉曜、石勒等攻魏郡、汲郡、頓丘，陷五十餘壁，皆調為軍士。又與勒攻鄴，安北將軍和郁棄城而走。懷帝遣北中郎將裴憲次白馬討彌，車騎將軍王堪次東燕討勒，平北將軍曹武次大陽討元海。武部將軍彭默為劉聰所敗，見害，眾軍皆退。聰渡黃河，帝遣司隸校尉劉暾、將軍宋抽等距之，皆不能抗。彌、聰以萬騎至京城，焚二學。東海王越距戰於西明門，彌等敗走。彌復以二千騎寇襄城諸縣，河東、平陽、弘農、上党諸流人之在潁川、襄城、汝南、南陽、河南者數萬家，為舊居人所不禮，皆焚燒城邑，殺二千石長吏以應彌。彌又以二萬人會石勒寇陳郡、潁川，屯陽曜，遣弟璋與石勒共寇徐兗，因破越軍。

At the beginning of the Yongjia reign era (~307), Wang Mi invaded Shangdang and surrounded Huguan. Jin's Prince of Donghai, Sima Yue, sent the Interior Minister of Huainan, Wang Kuang, the Administrator of Anfeng, Wei Gan, and others to campaign against Wang Mi. Wang Mi fought them between Gaodu and Changping and greatly defeated them, killing sixty to seventy percent of their forces. Liu Yuan promoted Wang Mi to Grand General Who Conquers The East and Duke of Donglai. 

Wang Mi joined with Liu Yao, Shi Le, and others to attack the commandaries of Wei, Ji, and Dunqiu; they captured more than fifty fortresses and drafted the people there as soldiers. 

Wang Mi also joined with Shi Le to attack Ye. Jin's General Who Maintain The North, He Yu, abandoned that city and fled. 

Emperor Huai sent the General of the Household Gentlemen of the North, Pei Xian, to march to Baima to campaign against Wang Mi; he sent the General of Chariots and Cavalry, Wang Kan, to Dongyan to campaign against Shi Le; and he sent the General Who Pacifies The North, Cao Wu, to Dayang to campaign against Liu Yuan. 

Cao Wu's subordinate general Peng Mo was defeated by Liu Cong; when Cao Wu's troops saw that Peng Mo had been killed, they all retreated. 

Liu Cong crossed the Yellow River. Emperor Huai sent his Colonel-Director of Retainers, Liu Tun, the general Song Chou, and others to oppose Liu Cong, but they could not resist him. 

Wang Mi and Liu Cong led ten thousand cavalry to the Luoyang region, where they burned down the two Academies. The Prince of Donghai, Sima Yue, opposed them in battle at the Ximing Gate, and Wang Mi and the others were defeated and driven off. 

Wang Mi led another two thousand cavalry to invade the counties of Xiangcheng commandary. There were tens of thousands of refugee families from Hedong, Pingyang, Hongnong, and Shangdang commandaries who were now living in Yingchuan, Xiangcheng, Runan, Nanyang, and Henan commandaries. They had been oppressed by the people already living in those places. So they set fire to all the towns and cities in those places and killed the officials of Two Thousand 石 salary rank and the Chief Clerks in order to support Wang Mi.

Wang Mi also led twenty thousand soldiers to join with Shi Le and invade Chen and Yingchuan commandaries. They camped at Yangyao. Wang Mi sent his younger brother Wang Zhang to join with Shi Le and invade Xuzhou and Yanzhou, and they routed the local generals.

彌後與曜寇襄城，遂逼京師。時京邑大饑，人相食，百姓流亡，公卿奔河陰。曜、彌等遂陷宮城，至太極前殿，縱兵大掠。幽帝於端門，逼辱羊皇后，殺皇太子詮，發掘陵墓，焚燒宮廟，城府蕩盡，百官及男女遇害者三萬餘人，遂遷帝於平陽。

Wang Mi later joined with Liu Yao to invade Xiangcheng, then advanced to threaten the Luoyang region. There was great hunger in the capital region at this time, and people ate each other. The common people all scattered and fled, and the nobles and chief ministers fled south of the Yellow River. 

Liu Yao, Wang Mi, and the others broke through the palace walls, and when they reached the Front Hall of the Taiji Palace, they set their soldiers loose to sack it. They imprisoned Emperor Huai at the Duan Gate, threatened and disgraced Empress Yang, and killed the Crown Prince, Sima Quan. They dug up the old tombs and graves and burned down the palaces and temples. The governmental offices were entirely destroyed. More than thirty thousand people among the government officials and the nobles were killed. Then they moved Emperor Huai to Pingyang.

彌之掠也，曜禁之，彌不從。曜斬其牙門王延以徇，彌怒，與曜阻兵相攻，死者千餘人。彌長史張嵩諫曰：「明公與國家共興大事，事業甫耳，便相攻討，何面見主上乎！平洛之功誠在將軍，然劉曜皇族，宜小下之。晉二王平吳之鑒，其則不遠，願明將軍以為慮。縱將軍阻兵不還，其若子弟宗族何！」彌曰：「善，微子，吾不聞此過也。」於是詣曜謝，結分如初。彌曰：「下官聞過，乃是張長史之功。」曜謂嵩曰：「君為硃建矣，豈況範生乎！」各賜嵩金百斤。彌謂曜曰：「洛陽天下之中，山河四險之固，城池宮室無假營造，可徙平陽都之。」曜不從，焚燒而去。彌怒曰：「屠各子，豈有帝王之意乎！汝柰天下何！」遂引眾東屯項關。

When Wang Mi wanted to pillage, Liu Yao forbade it, but Wang Mi did not listen. So Liu Yao beheaded Wang Mi's General of the Serrated Gate, Wang Yan, as punishment. This angered Wang Mi, and he had his soldiers block Liu Yao's; they fought each other, and more than a thousand people died.

Then Wang Mi's Chief Clerk, Zhang Song, remonstrated with him, saying, "General, you are supposed to be working together with the royal family of our state to achieve the grand design. We have only just accomplished this great feat, yet now you are fighting with one another. How will you be able to show your face to our sovereign? Although taking Luoyang was indeed primarily your achievement, Liu Yao is part of the royal clan, so you should yield a little to him. Remember what happened during the dispute between the two Jin generals (Wang Jun and Wang Hun) when they argued over who deserved merit for the conquest of Wu. That incident was not so long ago. I implore you, General, to consider that. If you continue to obstruct Liu Yao, what will become of your younger relatives and your clan?"

Wang Mi replied, "You are right. If not for you, I would not have realized my fault." So he went to visit Liu Yao and apologize, and they patched up their relationship to be like before.

Wang Mi said, "It was all thanks to Chief Clerk Zhang that I realized that I was at fault."

Liu Yao said to Zhang Song, "Sir, you are another Zhu Jian; how could you be a mere common sort?" And both of them rewarded Zhang Song with a hundred catties of gold.

Wang Mi advised Liu Yao, "Luoyang is in the center of the realm. It is enveloped by mountains and rivers, and considering the walls, moats, and palaces, there would be no need to prepare camps. You ought to advise our sovereign to move the capital from Pingyang to here."

But Liu Yao did not listen, and he burned the city before leaving. Wang Mi angrily said, "You Chuge brat, is this how a king or an emperor acts?" Wang Mi led his soldiers east to camp at Xiang Pass.

初，曜以彌先入洛，不待己，怨之，至是嫌隙遂構。劉暾說彌還據青州，彌然之，乃以左長史曹嶷為鎮東將軍，給兵五千，多齎寶物還鄉里，招誘亡命，且迎其室。彌將徐邈、高梁輒率部曲數千人隨嶷去，彌益衰弱。

Earlier, Liu Yao had entered Luoyang before Wang Mi instead of waiting for him, and this angered Wang Mi. So this suspicion and division had sprung up between the two of them.

Liu Tun persuaded Wang Mi to return and occupy Qingzhou. Wang Mi agreed with him.

Wang Mi appointed his Chief Clerk of the Left, Cao Yi, as General Who Guards The East, and he gave him five thousand soldiers and many treasures and sent him back to his home district in order to recruit and entice fugitives to join him and protect Wang Mi's family. 

Wang Mi's generals Xu Miao and Gao Liang both took several thousand of their soldiers and abandoned him to go join Cao Yi, and so Wang Mi's forces were gradually diminishing. 

初，石勒惡彌驍勇，常密為之備。彌之破洛陽也，多遺勒美女寶貨以結之。時勒擒苟晞，以為左司馬，彌謂勒曰：「公獲苟晞而用之，何其神妙！使晞為公左，彌為公右，天下不足定也！」勒愈忌彌，陰圖之。劉暾又勸彌征曹嶷，藉其眾以誅勒。於是彌使暾詣青州，令曹嶷引兵會己，而詐要勒共向青州。暾至東阿，為勒遊騎所獲。勒見彌與嶷書，大怒，乃殺暾。彌未之知，勒伏兵襲彌，殺之，並其眾。

Earlier, Shi Le had been wary of Wang Mi for his bold and valiant spirit, and he often secretly made plans against him. After Wang Mi captured Luoyang, he kept sending Shi Le beautiful women and fine treasures in order to win him over. And when Shi Le captured Gou Xi and appointed him as his Marshal of the Left, Wang Mi said to Shi Le, "Sir, you have captured Gou Xi and put him to work for you; how divine and ingenious you are! If you can make Gou Xi your left hand, and have me as your right hand, there is no one in the realm who would be able to stop you!" But these things only made Shi Le even more suspicious of Wang Mi, and he secretly planned to get rid of him.

Liu Tun also urged Wang Mi to summon Cao Yi and have him bring his forces to execute Shi Le. So Wang Mi sent Liu Tun to visit Cao Yi in Qingzhou and order him to bring his troops to join with Wang Mi's forces, as well as entice Shi Le and attack him together at Qingzhou. But when Liu Tun reached Dong'a, he was captured by Shi Le's scout riders. When Shi Le saw the letter that Wang Mi had written to Cao Yi, he was furious, and he killed Liu Tun, but Wang Mi did not know.

Then Shi Le placed troops in ambush to surprise attack Wang Mi, and he killed Wang Mi and took over his forces.

王彌好亂樂禍，挾詐懷奸，命儔嘯侶，伺間侯隙，助悖逆於平陽，肆殘忍於都邑，遂使生靈塗炭，神器流離，邦國軫《麥秀》之哀，宮廟興《黍離》之痛，豈天意乎？豈人事乎？何醜虜之倡狂而亂離之斯瘼者也！

The Historians' Appraisal: Wang Mi indulged in turmoil and delighted in misfortune. He took false and crafty villains to be his friends and companions, and he lay in wait for opportunities to exploit. He aided the perverse traitors at Pingyang and brought death and destruction to the capital. He caused the people to become miserable refugees and forced the imperial line into exile. He inflicted the devastation described in the Fine Wheat poem upon the state, and caused the palace and the temple to experience the pitiful state of the writer of the Drooping Millet poem. How could Heaven have willed it? How could the people have wished it? How could such a savage brute have caused ‘such grievous turmoil and division’?

[linguistlist-blog]

TOC: Babel Vol. 69, No. 4 (2023)

2023. v, 143 pp. Table of Contents Introduction: Literary translation in the age of artificial intelligence Wang Ning pp. 437–446 ARTICLES Automated translation and pragmatic force: A discussion from the perspective of intercultural pragmatics Roberto A. Valdeón pp. 447–464 Defending the last bastion: A sociological approach to the challenged literary translation Wang Hongtao pp. 465–482 Neural machine translation and human translation: A political and ideological perspective Sheng Anfeng http://dlvr.it/SxZ7F1

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Những người nơm nớp lo chạy lũ

Trung QuốcNước lũ dâng lên lúc nửa đêm khiến Zeng Hailin phải đặt mẹ già vào một chậu lớn, vội sơ tán đến nhà người thân ở tỉnh An Huy.

Trung Quốc đang đối mặt với mùa mưa lũ tồi tệ nhất trong hơn 20 năm qua. Từ đầu tháng 6, mưa lũ tấn công các tỉnh từ phía tây nam đến vùng duyên hải phía đông đất nước, khiến 3,7 triệu người phải sơ tán hoặc di dời vì lụt lội. Zeng Hailin, sống tại một ngôi làng ở tỉnh An Huy, là một trong số đó.

Mất việc trong một xưởng may đồng phục ở tỉnh Chiết Giang vì Covid-19, Zeng trở về quê, cách nơi làm việc khoảng vài giờ đi xe. Nhưng khó khăn của Zeng không dừng lại ở đó. Vào tháng 7, sau nhiều tuần mưa xối xả, nước từ con sông nhỏ gần nhà dâng cao, khiến Zeng bật tỉnh lúc nửa đêm vì hoảng sợ.

"Nước bất ngờ dâng lên đến ngực tôi", Zeng nhớ lại. "Tôi không thể bế nổi mẹ khỏi giường. Tôi không đi được vì mặt đất trơn tuột đầy bùn".

Zeng Hailin đứng trước ngôi nhà hư hỏng vì lũ lụt của mình hôm 9/8. Ảnh: NPR

Zeng cuối cùng đặt người mẹ 81 tuổi nằm liệt giường vào một cái chậu nhựa lớn, đẩy bà tới xuồng cứu hộ và đưa bà tới ở tạm nhà người thân, còn anh đang trú tại một trường công lập địa phương, trong khi chờ nhà mới.

Bộ Quản lý Khẩn cấp Trung Quốc ước tính gần 55 triệu người ở 27 địa phương bị ảnh hưởng trong các đợt lũ lụt năm nay. Hơn 40.000 nhà sập, ít nhất 158 người chết hoặc mất tích.

Bộ Thủy lợi Trung Quốc cho biết vào thời điểm lũ lụt tồi tệ nhất giữa tháng 7, mực nước 433 con sông dâng vượt mức báo động. Một số con sông bị vỡ đập hoặc nước tràn bờ, gây ngập lụt khắp các thôn xóm, như những gì đã xảy ra ở làng Hà Khẩu, ngoại ô thành phố Hợp Phì, tỉnh An Huy.

"Con đường phía trước nhà tôi biến thành sông. Chúng tôi mắc kẹt trong nhà nhiều ngày, sống nhờ ít bánh mì, nước và mì ăn liền", Tang Anfeng, một người dân làng Hà Khẩu, nói.

Giống hầu hết những người trong làng, nhà của Tang giờ nằm giữa những cánh đồng lầy lội, ruộng rau ngập trong nước lũ. Đám rêu sẫm màu trên tường lan đến gần trần nhà là lời nhắc về mực nước dâng lên trong nhà Tang tới ba lần trong tháng 7.

Tang, một phụ nữ ngoài 60 tuổi, cho biết vùng này thường gặp mưa lũ hàng năm, nhưng những năm trước, nước cùng lắm chỉ dâng đến mắt cá chân.

"Khi nào trời mưa lớn là họ lại xả nước khỏi đập. Nước đó tràn vào làng và chúng tôi là người gánh chịu", bà nói.

Năm 1958, chính quyền bắt đầu xây dựng con đập đầu tiên trong số 9 đập và kênh dẫn gần Hà Khẩu nhằm điều tiết lũ theo mùa bằng cách cho nước chảy vào hồ chứa. Bây giờ, các con đập còn cung cấp điện và nước sinh hoạt cho những thành phố lân cận, nhưng mỗi khi mưa lớn, nhà chức trách buộc phải xả lũ.

Cũng giống như những quốc gia có nhiều con sông lớn, Trung Quốc sẽ phải đối mặt với nguy cơ lũ lụt lớn hơn và các kỹ sư thủy lợi sẽ phải tính toán kỹ càng hơn về nơi xả lũ để tránh nguy cơ vỡ đập.

"Dự đoán về biến đổi khí hậu cho thấy những năm tới, mưa bão sẽ ngày càng dữ dội hơn", Brian Eyler, người nghiên cứu về quản lý sông ngòi Trung Quốc ở Trung tâm Stimson, tổ chức nghiên cứu phi lợi nhuận có trụ sở tại Washington, Mỹ, nói. "Chúng ta đang sống ở những nơi mà sông ngòi được kiểm soát để cho phép chúng ta sống ở đó. Nhưng các biện pháp kiểm soát không thể ứng phó được với tự nhiên, bởi tự nhiên luôn chiến thắng chúng ta".

Sào Hồ, một trong những hồ nước ngọt lớn nhất Trung Quốc, phải gia cố bằng bao tải cát vành đai quanh bờ để ngăn lũ hồi tháng 7. Ảnh: NPR

Mưa theo mùa nghiêm trọng hơn cũng đang khiến những thành phố nhiều sông ngòi của Trung Quốc phải tính toán lại về chính sách quản lý nước. Những chuyên gia như Yu Kongjian, kiến trúc sư nổi tiếng về cảnh quan kiêm giáo sư đại học Bắc Kinh, cho rằng việc quá ỷ lại vào "cơ sở hạ tầng xám", sử dụng các vật liệu không hấp thụ nước như bê tông và hệ thống nhân tạo như cống, để đẩy nhanh tiến trình đô thị hóa sẽ không thể bền vững khi đối mặt với lũ lụt.

Năm 2014, Bộ Nhà ở và Phát triển Đô thị - Nông thôn đã ban hành hướng dẫn tối đa hóa hệ thống thoát nước tự nhiên trong đô thị, bao gồm xây vườn trên sân thượng, sử dụng vật liệu xây dựng dễ thấm, trong dự án có tên "thành phố bọt biển". Trung Quốc muốn đưa 20% diện tích đất ở 658 thành phố đạt tiêu chuẩn thoát nước của "thành phố bọt biển" vào cuối năm nay, với chi phí ước tính mỗi năm 57,5 tỷ USD.

"Ý tưởng về 'thành phố bọt biển' là giữ nước, làm sạch nước, làm đầy lại các tầng giữ nước ngầm. Đó là việc sử dụng thiên nhiên để điều tiết nước và xử lý nước mưa như nguồn tài nguyên thay vì đổ ra đại dương", Yu nói. "Đó không chỉ là cách ứng phó lũ lụt mà còn là ý tư��ng về cách tạo ra một cơ sở hạ tầng sinh thái mà nước là yếu tố chính".

Sáng kiến vẫn đang ở giai đoạn đầu. 19 trong số 30 thành phố bọt biển thí điểm vẫn báo cáo hệ thống cống và kênh rạch bị ngập năm 2017.

"Những người không làm việc trong lĩnh vực quy hoạch đô thị hoặc thủy lợi có thể nhận thức sai về dự án thành phố bọt biển. Họ có thể tưởng rằng thành phố bọt biển là chìa khóa giải quyết được mọi vấn đề", Faith Chan, một chuyên gia về quy hoạch đô thị, nói.

Tuy nhiên, Yu vẫn lạc quan về dự án này.

"Nó sẽ mất thời gian, nhưng 'thành phố bọt biển' là giải pháp mà bất kỳ cấp chính quyền thành phố nào ở Trung Quốc cũng nên thử để thay thế cơ sở hạ tầng xám", Yu nói.

Ma Youxi thả trâu bơi lội. Vùng đất khô ráo ông đang đứng tháng trước từng ngập trong nước lũ. Ảnh: NPR

Lượng mưa nhiều hơn đồng nghĩa với việc 450 triệu người dân Trung Quốc sinh sống dọc sông Trường Giang và các nhánh của nó luôn đối mặt với tình thế bấp bênh. Những người sống ở vùng hạ lưu thuộc tỉnh An Huy, nơi đa sống là cộng đồng nông thôn thưa thớt, hiểu rõ sự thật khó khăn này.

"Nếu đập không xả lũ xuống nơi chúng tôi ở, sẽ có nhiều người chết hơn", Li Hanian, một người dân làng Hà Khẩu, nói.

"Chúng tôi chỉ biết đập xả lũ khi nước tràn vào nhà, không có ai báo trước", Ma Youxi, một nông dân trong làng, kể về trận lũ bất ngờ hồi tháng 7. Anh không kịp cứu bầy cừu, may mắn là đàn trâu vẫn còn vì chúng biết bơi.

Hồng Hạnh (Theo NPR)

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