#and now largely her book is a source for lincoln scholars

[reblogsdogs]

im feeling insane about this history paper it was only supposed to be 2500 words but i think mine is going to be 4500-5000.... i cant stop myself im so into this topic and i want to make everyone talk about it with me but i cant so im just going to dedicate a ridiculous amount of time and energy to this paper

[accuratepicuresofanthropologists]

“The Davis family on the family farm in Nokesville, Virginia, circa 1908. John Abraham Davis, dressed in a style emulating Theodore Roosevelt, is seated... with Allison Davis to his right” on a toy bike. Via The Lost Black Scholar. This post is largely a book report on that book.

Two of his grandparents were white, and the other two were ‘mixed’, but Allison Davis was never allowed to forget he was black. Born in 1902, he was the darkest of his family. His mother could pass, and when she took him to department stores the salesman would chastise her for bringing a black servant into a white space. Davis’s parents both had good federal jobs: his mother was a clerk in the Treasury Department and his father John had risen of prominence at the government printing office, where he managed a small staff of people (including both black and white men!). He John was talented and hard-working and would have risen higher if he was white, but had to rely on patronage to ensure the position he did have. Federal jobs were one of the few sources of white-collar employment for black people in the south, and were used by the Republican Party to ensure black support in elections and continue, in however attenuated a form, the emancipatory legacy of Lincoln. As a result, Davis’s father relied on his patron, Senator William Boyd Allison, to keep his job. So indebted to the senator was John that he named his son after him, thus giving Allison his name.

Davis thus grew up in an affluent, educated family. They owned a farm in Virginia, several houses, and two laundries. His family helped found the first Washington branch of the NAACP, and read Shakespeare aloud to their children in the evening. Davis’s earliest experiences, then, were of comfort and security. It was not to last.

When Woodrow Wilson was elected president, his Democratic administration cleaned up the Republican patronage system in the name of reform. In the process, his white south reformers also re-segregated the civil service. When Davis was eleven his father was demoted. Both father and son were devastated. Allison, who later studied psychoanalysis, recalled that the experience made him feel “castrated” and “maimed” [Varel, p. 17]. Beyond its psychic cost, the demotion had a financial effect. The family was forced to sell their businesses and the farm, and slid down the class ladder. The Davises were now poor.

Knowing that the Democrats could take their jobs, but not their education,  Davis’s parents enrolled him at Dunbar High School, his father’s alma mater. It was one of the best high schools in the country for black people — or anyone, really  — and gave him a top-notch education. It was also a place where Allison learned to resent what he called the “black bourgeoisie”. A poor child, he was looked down on by the wealthy children in his class who could afford to buy lunch in the cafeteria and go for ice cream during recess. Davis, in contrast, worked all night as an elevator boy and brought his own lunch in a paper sack. Davis happily met his parent’s demands that he excel in school, since academic success was also a form of revenge on wealthy children who looked down on him. He became the class valedictorian and won a scholarship to Williams College in Massachusetts.

His parents wanted him to get out of the south, and their timing was impeccable. The summer before his senior year was the ‘red summer’ of 1919 in which white mobs, often of servicemen returning from World War One, lynched black people. 39 people were killed in the riots in Davis’s home town of Washington DC. At Williams, however, Davis quickly found that the North was not an oasis of freedom either. When he got off the train in Williamstown, he literally couldn’t get a cab driver to take him to campus. Williams a had a token number of black students, it was true, but they had to live off campus in a boarding house. To support himself, Davis worked as a servant to his own classmates, in one case serving a meal to members of the Pen and Quill literary society and then, switching roles, giving a paper at that same meeting.

Williams did give Davis a great education, however. He studied modern literature and won another scholarship, this time for a one-year masters program in literature at Harvard. Davis was again in the top of his class and again experienced the segregation and social isolation at Harvard. Although he impressed his teachers, they would not write him letters of recommendation for teaching positions at schools with white students. Instead, he found a job as a teacher at the Hampton Institute. 

[architectnews]

2021 RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship

Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2021 Winner, RIBA World Architecture Travel Prize

2021 RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship News

Royal Institute of British Architects News – open to schools of architecture globally

15 July 2021

Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2021 Winner

Weronika Zdziarska wins 2021 RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship

Architecture student Weronika Zdziarska: photo : Tomek Kaczor

Thursday 15th of July 2021 – The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is pleased to announce the 2021 RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship recipient as Weronika Zdziarska, an architecture student from the Politecnico di Milano, Italy, for her project ‘Don’t Stay Out Alone: addressing women’s perception of safety and freedom in cities by design’.

The annual scholarship offers £7,000 to fund research by one outstanding architecture student who demonstrates original thinking on issues relating to the sustainable survival of cities and towns.

Weronika Zdziarska: photo : Tomek Kaczor

Zdziarska’s project will evaluate previous interventions carried out by international, regional and local organisations in South America, to improve the safety of women in cities. Five cities have been selected for evaluation, each representing different attitudes and responses to this area of research: Medellín, Colombia; Quito, Ecuador; Santiago, Chile; Montevideo, Uruguay and Curitiba, Brazil.

The proposal seeks to demonstrate the relationships between gender inequality and design, and to outline best practices for building more inclusive cities. The judging panel also commended ‘Biofuel Producing Technology; Algae: An Alternative Energy Source’ by Basant Abdelrahman from the American University in Dubai, UAE.

The 2021 judging panel comprised of:

• Norman Foster, Lord Foster of Thames Bank (Founder and Executive Chairman, Foster + Partners; President, Norman Foster Foundation) • Elena Ochoa, Lady Foster of Thames Bank (Publisher and curator; Vice-President, Norman Foster Foundation) • Professor Ricky Burdett (Professor of Urban Studies, and director of LSE Cities and the Urban Age Programme; Trustee, Norman Foster Foundation) • Sofie Pelsmakers (Assistant Professor Sustainable Architecture and Sustainable Housing Design, Tampere University; Co-founder & Director, Architecture for Change (AfC)) • Professor Alan Jones (President, RIBA)

Student Weronika Zdziarska: photo : Tomek Kaczor

Lord Foster said: “The Jury was unanimous in its selection of Weronika Zdziarska’s submission as the winner. Her methodology was impressive, and her project was beautifully presented. Her decision to explore issues of gender in the public spaces of just Latin America demonstrated a sophistication in her early research which differentiated her work from that of her worthy fellow applicants.”

RIBA President Professor Alan Jones said: “Zdziarska’s proposal was very well structured and presented, with her focus on exploring and learning from South American urban environments that have improved inclusion and safety and increased gender equality in design. As a judging panel we were inspired by her initial research and pertinence of the proposal, and her drive to investigate and address these issues on an international scale. Congratulations on this winning project – I look forward to seeing the findings of this important research.”

29 Mar 2021

Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2021 News

RIBA opens 2021 Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship for applications

Weaving the Urban Fabric: Examining the Significance of Community: photo © Abel Feleke – 2016 Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship recipient

Monday 29 March 2021 – The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) has today (Monday 29 March 2021) opened applications for the 2021 Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship.

The scholarship seeks to reward one architecture student and fund their travel to explore the sustainable survival of cities and towns.

This year, in response to global travel restrictions, students can alternatively submit a proposal to research a topic in their home country. Applications are welcomed from students around the world and a £7,000 grant will be awarded to the winner, decided by a panel of judges including Lord Foster and RIBA President Alan Jones.

Lord Foster said:

“As a student I won a prize that allowed me to spend a summer travelling through Europe and to study first hand buildings and cities that I knew only from the pages of books. It was a revelation – liberating and exhilarating in so many ways. Today it is the privilege of the Norman Foster Foundation to support the RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship, which I hope will have a lasting legacy – offering the chance for discovery and the inspiration for exciting new work – for generations to come.”

RIBA President Alan Jones added:

“The prestigious Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship gives aspiring architects the chance to carry out important research, addressing global challenges and the sustainable future of our towns and cities. Students need support now more than ever, and we are very grateful to the Norman Foster Foundation for their ongoing generosity to make this grant possible.”

Applications are open to students who are enrolled in, or have successfully completed, the first year of a professional qualification in architecture, in one of the higher education institutions invited to participate.

The deadline for submissions is 17:00 Friday 28 May 2021. For more information visit: www.architecture.com/fosterscholarship

First established in 2006, the scholarship, supported by the Norman Foster Foundation, is now in its fifteenth year and is intended to fund national or international research on a topic related to the sustainable survival of our towns and cities, in a location of the student’s choice. Past RIBA Norman Foster Scholars have travelled through the Americas, Europe, Africa, South East Asia, the Middle and the Far East, and Russia. Proposals for research might include: learning from the past to inform the future; the future of society; the density of settlements; sustainability; the use of resources; the quality of urban life; and transport.

Over 400 higher education institutions are invited to participate, and this list includes all institutions that offer qualifications validated by the RIBA or are recognised by the Commonwealth Association of Architects; it also includes a large number of schools listed under other recognition systems (such as the European Directive for Recognition of Professional Qualifications in the EU, or the National Architectural Accreditation Board in the US).

RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship Winners

Past recipients of the RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship:

2020: Iulia Cistelecan – London School of Architecture – ‘‘Life Between Shelters: Refugee camps of today becoming cities of tomorrow.’

2019: Siti Nurafaf Ismail – University of Malaya, Malaysia – ‘Architecture of Humility’

2018: Steven Hutt – University of Greenwich, UK – ‘East of Eden’

2017: Chloe Loader – University of Lincoln, UK – ‘Emerging Cities: Sustainable Master-Planning in the Global South’

2016: Abel Feleke – University of Western Australia – ‘Weaving the Urban Fabric: Examining the Significance of Community’

2015: Charles Palmer – University of Sheffield, UK – ‘Cycling Megacities’

2014: Joe Paxton – Bartlett (UCL), UK – ‘Buffer Landscapes 2060

2013: Sigita Burbulyte – Bath University, UK – ‘Charles Booth Going Abroad’

2012: Thomas Aquilina – University of Edinburgh – ‘Material Economies: Recycling Practices in Informal Settlements Along African Longitude 30’

2011: Sahil Bipin Deshpande – Rizvi College of Architecture, India – ‘Sanitation: A Case Study across Eight Metropolises’

2010: Andrew Mackintosh – Robert Gordon University, UK – ‘In Search of Cold Spaces’

2009: Amanda Rivera – University of Bio Bio, Chile – ‘Ancestral Cities, Ancestral Sustainability’

2008: Faizan Jawed Siddiqi – Rizvi College of Architecture, India – ‘The Role of Public Transport in Shaping Sustainable Humane Habitats’

2007: Ben Masterton-Smith – Bartlett, UK – ‘Emerging East: Exploring and Experiencing the East Asian Communist City’.

Royal Institute of British Architects, 76 Portland Place, London W1B 1AD

Phone: +44 (0)20 7307 3814

The RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2021 information / image received 290321

Previously on e-architect:

RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship

Iulia Cistelecan wins 2020 RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship

The 2020 RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship has been awarded to Iulia Cistelecan, from the London School of Architecture, for her project ‘Life Between Shelters: Refugee camps of today becoming cities of tomorrow’.

RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2020

Bidibidi Refugee Settlement is a refugee camp in northwestern Uganda: photograph : Nora Lorek

The RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2019

Hong Kong Peak © Steven Hutt – 2018 Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship recipient: image courtesy of architects RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2019

The RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2017 image courtesy of architects RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2017

Norman Foster photo of Norman Foster from HPA Norman Foster is one of the most important architects practicing in the world. He is chairman and founder of Foster + Partners, an international practice with project offices worldwide.

Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship

Architecture Travel Scholarship

RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship

RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2015

RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship 2014

RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship Winner

Architecture Awards

Pritzker Prize Architects

American Architecture Awards

American Institute of Architects Gold Medal

Stirling Prize

Norman Foster Buildings Selection

Sperone Westwater, New York, USA Sperone Westwater Gallery

Swiss Re, London, UK Swiss Re Building : London skyscraper

Faustino Winery, Spain Faustino Winery Building

Millau Viaduct, France Millau Viaduct

Website: RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship Information – www.architecture.com page

Asian Architecture

Norman R. Foster Visiting Professorship Established at Yale University Norman Foster Professorship USA

Comments / photos for the 2021 RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship page welcome

Website: Foster and Partners

The post 2021 RIBA Norman Foster Travelling Scholarship appeared first on e-architect.

[linkbumble796]

Whitman Speed Dating Central

Speed Dating Questions

Speed Dating Nyc

Whitman Speed Dating Central

Someone You can Love is Nearby. Browse Profiles & Photos of Single Women in Whitman, MA! Join Match.com, the leader in online dating with more dates, more relationships and more marriages than any other dating site.

Having a smart arsenal of great speed dating questions is essential to mastering the art of speed dating. And yes, speed dating is an art form. But don't worry because we're going to give you all the tools you need to be the best speed dater at the table. You ever get tired of the time and energy it takes to find a good date? First dates require an enormous up front investment of time, energy.

Pennsylvania Virtual Catholic Speed Dating Age 18-38 is Friday, Jan. 22 at 8PM Eastern (5PM Pacific, 6PM Mountain, 7PM Central); Age 25-49 is Saturday, Jan. 23 and All Ages is Monday, Jan. While it's specific to Pennsylvania, all states are invited.

(1819 – 1892) American poet

Whitman was born on a Long Island (New York) farm to a typically heterosexual family. His father drank too much; his mother suffered; and his eight siblings did poorly except for two brothers. The poet idolised his mother, Louisa Van Velsor Whitman, and credited her with inspiring his poetry. From first to last, his writings applaud sexual love. ‘Song of Myself’, published in 1855, contains Section V, which celebrates the soul through the trope of fellatio: ‘Loafe with me on the grass, loose the stop from your throat, / … Only the lull I like, the hum of your valved voice’. Leaves of Grass, the title Whitman gave his collected poems, pivots upon this dalliance with a young man in the grass. In 1889, the poet told an interviewer, ‘Sex, sex, sex: sex is the root of it all.’

During the Civil War, Whitman worked in Washington. An outraged Methodist fired him from the Interior Department after discovering a copy of Leaves of Grass in Whitman’s desk, but Attorney-General James Speed quickly found him another position. Speed’s brother Joshua had spent four years sleeping with Abraham Lincoln in Illinois. Lincoln himself had read and admired the second edition of Leaves of Grass. One of the soldiers, Alonzo Bush, wrote Whitman about a friend who ‘went down on your BK, both so often with me. I wished that I could … have some fun for he is a gay boy’ (22 December 1863); ‘BK’ might mean ‘buck’ or ‘book’, but one writer suggests ‘Big Cock’. The death of President Lincoln devastated Whitman. He wrote his last great poem, ‘When lilacs last in the dooryard bloomed’, for Lincoln. The poet himself suffered a stroke in 1873 and he moved to Camden, New Jersey, with his brother. The later poems became more abstract and less homoerotic, although Whitman’s health recovered after he swam in Timber Creek with his lover Harry Stafford, Carpenter and other young men.

Whitman may now be the premier United States poet, but his work had to overcome much resistance. Leaves of Grass first appeared in a self-published edition in 1855 with few readers; it underwent multiple transformations before the so-called ‘death-bed’ edition in 1892. Leaves of Grass certainly marked the boldest departure from standard English prosody. Of the five reviews to the first edition, Whitman wrote three anonymous favourable ones. Another reviewer was lukewarm, but the other denounced ‘that horrible crime not to be mentioned among Christians’. The fervently homoerotic 1860 edition with the Calamus cluster attracted little attention and the publisher quickly went bankrupt; the 1882 edition was banned in Boston.

During the 1950s, biographer Gay Wilson Allen established Whitman as the philopietistic poet for what Henry Luce (head of the Time-Life conglomerate) called the ‘American Century’. When the Roman Catholic authorities in New Jersey protested against naming a bridge from Camden to Philadelphia after the poet, Allen certified that Whitman was no queer. New Jersey later added a Whitman rest stop on their turnpike. Gay interpretations outraged traditional Whitman scholars; they excoriated Robert K. Martin, whose Homosexual Tradition in American Poetry (1979, 1998) declared, ‘Whitman intended his work to communicate his homosexuality to his readers.’

Good evidence supports the view that Whitman was an urban sophisticate. He followed theatre and opera and during the 1850s was associated with musical, dramatic and literary critics in New York City; ‘my darlings my gossips’, he called them. Whitman wrote in 1863, recalling these ‘dear boys’ company & their gayety & electricity, their precious friendship’. The poet claimed that contral to Marietta Alboni inspired his work; he attended her every performance in New York City. He encouraged his lover Peter Doyle to attend the theatre regularly; in Ford’s Theater on 14 April 1865, Doyle saw actor John Wilkes Booth assassinate President Lincoln. Whitman was then visiting his mother in Brooklyn, where he wrote his extraordinary memorial to Lincoln, which follows the outline of an opera.

“The Icon History Display was created by a student intern and is not meant to replace a comprehensive search on these historical figures. Content on these biographies was created from the following sources: Queers in History: The Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Historical Gays, Lesbians, Bisexuals, and Transgenders by Keith Stern (2009); The Gay 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Gay Men and Lesbians, Past and Present by Paul Russell (1995). To suggest an addition or change contact us at gss@uis.edu or 217-206-8316.”

Christian speed dating is an out of the box way of meeting Christian singles in laid back settings such as cafes, pubs, churches and clubs. Although the Christian speed dating phenomenon is popping up everywhere, it is still most prevalent in large urban areas of the US, UK, Ireland and Australia.

How Christian Speed Dating Works

A typical Christian speed dating evening goes is like this: An equal number of Christian single women and men appear at an “event” after having registered beforehand. In an effort to get to know as many potential dates as possible, couples spend up to 10 minutes with each other.

After the pre-determined time of the “Christian speed date” is over, the single person would be matched with another single to repeat the process. At the end of the Christian speed dating event, singles hand in a list of the people (if any) they wouldn’t mind meeting again, and give it off to the Christian dating event coordinators. If there is a Christian speed dating match between any two attendees, the organizers forward this info to the Christian speed daters, along with contact information.

Christian Speed Dating Benefits

Christian Speed Dating Benefit #1

Where else can you meet a large number of Christian singles interested in the same thing you are: finding a date.

Christian Speed Dating Benefit #2

Speed Dating Questions

Speed dating does what it implies: It saves time in the search process for a dating relationship

Christian Speed Dating Benefit # 3

The structured interaction helps love shy singles overcome their fears of meeting others.

Christian Speed Dating Benefit # 4

It’s a low pressure and fun way to interact with the opposite sex.

If you have any Christian speed dating questions, feel free to contact us. Are you a single Christian who has tried speed dating? Share your Christian speed dating experiences with us!

Speed Dating Nyc

Christian Dating Service

Whitman Speed Dating Central

Related Christian Dating posts:

[tigerstrikesasteroidnetwork]

GVL / Big Body Play

Andrea Vail, Duck Pond, detail

Big Body Play June 7 - September 10 Fine Arts Center Sheffield Wood Gallery

Tiger Strikes Asteroid Greenville (TSA GVL) and the Fine Arts Center (FAC) are excited to present their summer exhibition, BIG BODY PLAY, on exhibition from June 7th through September 10th at the FAC’s Sheffield Wood Gallery. Visits to the gallery are by appointment only - Monday - Thursday, 10am -4pm. Sign up for an appointment by using the following link. A closing reception will be held on Friday, September 10th from 6-8pm including artist presentations and performance from 6:30-7.

BIG BODY PLAY is an exhibition that uses humor and imagination to explore the banality of the everyday. This show uses playful colors and materials, on plush, oversized forms to celebrate boredom, experimentation, and absurdity. Addressing themes of the body, pop culture, nostalgia, and domesticity, this collection of soft sculptures highlights the fascination these artists have with their materials and their love of “playing” in the studio. These works push scale while using current material culture as inspiration - these objects tell personal narratives, make punny jokes, and address our need for recreation and distraction.

Featuring work by:

Amelia Briggs

Amelia Briggs is a visual artist currently based in Nashville, TN. Her work has been exhibited internationally and throughout the US including recent and upcoming exhibitions in Paris, France; London, UK; Florence, Italy; Denver, CO; New Orleans, LA; and New York, NY. Briggs has worked for David Lusk Gallery since 2012 and served as the Director for the past four years. In May 2021 she will be stepping down in order to pursue her work as an artist full time. In June Briggs will release a series of mirrors with Exhibition A and her work is included in the current issue of New American Paintings.

Andrea Vail

Andrea Vail investigates contemporary American society and its objects -- specifically home goods deemed stylistically obsolete, or unattractive by the standards of 21st century mainstream culture. Hinged on textile traditions and techniques, her practice materializes as tapestry, woven sculpture, and collaborative exchange. Vail’s nationally exhibited work has received awards from Arts and Science Council; North Carolina Arts Council; HappeningsCLT Visual Artist Grant; CultureWORKS; and residencies with Goodyear Arts, McColl Center for Art + Innovation, and Elsewhere Museum. She is a graduate of Virginia Commonwealth University (MFA) and UNC-Charlotte (BFA). Vail lives and works in Western North Carolina.

Vail’s collaborative projects include: Bridging (Central Piedmont, Charlotte, NC), a large-scale fabric installation patterned with student- and staff-sourced imagery, Signalling Hello (Elsewhere Museum, Greensboro, NC), a process-based greeting initiative, COLLECTING_PILE, an interactive art work which involves the community as both content and collaborator; Friendge, an ongoing global invitation to collaborate; Woven Community (Richmond, VA), a citywide weaving event ; and Gathering Clouds (Richmond, VA) at Anderson Gallery.

Coorain

Born in Australia, Coorain studied at Georgia State University, earning an MFA in Photography, and Tufts University and the School of Museum of Fine Arts, receiving a BA in Philosophy and a BFA in Fine Arts respectively. Coorain currently resides and gardens in Atlanta, with plenty of chickens and carnivorous plants.

Jaime Bull

Jaime Bull builds a cast of sparkly clad forms that embody a strong, sexy, dangerous female presence. She is a collector and uses found, repurposed materials in her work to reference the body with a feminist perspective. Spending her time dumpster diving at the recycling center or scouring Goodwill to amass second-hand tube tops and sequined prom dresses, Bull’s sculptures have the rhinestone aesthetic of a bedazzled jean jacket or a Mardi Gras float. She examines and questions our relationship with the environment by highlighting a preoccupation with hoarding mass quantities of “stuff."

Bull received her MFA in Drawing and Painting from the University of Georgia, Athens in 2013. She is a recipient of the Willson Center for the Arts research grant for her thesis work Lady Beasts: An Investigation of Womanliness. She has exhibited in Atlanta with Whitespace, Camayuhs, Hathaway Gallery and at the Airport in Terminal E. Regionally, she has shown work at the Zuckerman Museum of Art, University of North Georgia, Auburn University, Albany Museum and the COOP Gallery in Nashville. Most recently, her sculptures were featured in a two woman show with artist Melissa Brown (Brooklyn, NY), entitled Fountain, at the Lamar Dodd School of Art. She is a Vermont Studio School Fellow, attended a two-month residency at the Bernheim Arboretum in Louisville, KY and was an Atlanta Contemporary Art Center Studio Artist in Residence from 2016-2019. She was featured in and on the cover of the 219th edition of Ambit Magazine, London. She currently lives in Athens, Ga and teaches at the University of Georgia.

Kat Sánchez Stanfield

Katrina Sánchez is an interdisciplinary Panamanian-American artist based in Charlotte, NC. Working with fibers and mixed materials Kat creates vibrant and tactile works that explore ideas of joy, play, community, healing and renewal. Katrina received a BFA in Fibers from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, is a recipient of the NC Arts and Science Council Artist Support Grant and is an alumni artist-in-residence of Goodyear Arts. She has exhibited work at Bedford Gallery (CA), Abigail Ogilvy Gallery (MA), Max I. Jackson Gallery at Queens University of Charlotte and Gallery C3 (NC).

Madison Creech

Madison Creech was the 2018-19 Fountainhead Fellow in the Department of Craft and Material Studies at Virginia Commonwealth University. She holds an MFA in fibers from Arizona State University and a BFA and BS in textile, merchandising, and fashion design from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. She has served as faculty associate at Arizona State University, instructing surface design and served as the 2016-18 Brown Visiting Teacher-Scholar at Stetson University teaching digital art and textile art courses. Creech has held residencies at Metro Community College Prototype Lab in Omaha, Nebraska, Houston Center for Contemporary Craft in Texas, and Techshop in Chandler, Arizona. Her work has been widely exhibited across the country, and she has been the recipient of a number of distinguished awards, including the Juror's Award from the Surface Design Association's Explorations exhibition, the Rudy Turk Award for History in American Craft from ASU, and the Mary Beason Bishop and Francis Sumner Merit Scholarship from the Haystack Mountain School of Crafts. She is currently a co-director of Fresh As Fruit Gallery in DeLand.

Matthew Creech

Matthew Creech received his Associate of Arts Degree from Cape Fear Community College in 2006. Creech has been included in a range of various exhibitions including, “This Must Be the Place” at Robert Hillestad Textile Gallery in Lincoln, NE and “Now or Neverland Urban Uproar” at the Miami Urban Contemporary Experience in Miami, FL. Alongside this body of work, Creech will be releasing a book, working within the same genre of off the wall humor and topics dealing with death and behind closed door secrets.  Creech currently resides and works in Wilmington, NC.

Mindy Sue Wittock

Mindy Sue Wittock is an artist and mother who works out of her home studio in Cedarburg, Wisconsin. She makes soft sculpture that explores the intersection of childhood memory and experiences in motherhood. Wittock has an MFA from Arizona State University with a concentration in fibers. She has previously worked as an associate lecturer of art at the University of Wisconsin Fond du Lac and the University of Wisconsin Green Bay. Wittock has an extensive exhibition record and has taught many textile-based workshops. She survives on coffee and enjoys watching vintage television shows, listening to 80’s music, and going on adventures with her husband, daughter, and pup. Mindy Sue Wittock is also a co-founder of The Wondermakers Collective with the incredible illustrator and coffee drinker Jenna Freimuth. They work together to build beautiful, layered embroideries, pen palling them back and forth from Wisconsin to Minnesota.

Natalie Baxter

Natalie Baxter (b. 1985, Lexington, Kentucky) explores concepts of place-identity, nostalgic americana, and gender stereotypes through sculptures that playfully push controversial issues. Natalie received her MFA from the University of Kentucky in 2012 and a BA in Fine Art from the University of the South in Sewanee, TN in 2007. Her work has been exhibited in galleries and museums internationally with recent shows at Intersect SOFA Chicago with Elijah Wheat Showroom (Newburgh, NY), Birmingham Museum of Art (Birmingham, AL), Spring/Break Art Show with Gloria’s (New York, NY), Material Art Fair with Beverly’s (Mexico City, MX), Institute 193 (Lexington, KY), Yale University (New Haven, CT), and Brandeis University (Waltham, MA). She has been an artist in residency at the Wassaic Project, a fellowship recipient at the Vermont Studio Center, and twice awarded the Queens Art Fund Grant. Press for Baxter’s work includes, The New York Times, The Boston Globe, Hyperallergic, The Guardian, and Bomb Magazine. She is currently a resident at The Wassaic Project in Wassaic, NY.

Tiger Strikes Asteroid Greenville is the newest part of the Tiger Strikes Asteroid network of artist-run spaces and joins locations Philadelphia, New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago. They are a platform for artists that is curated and organized by a group of artist-volunteers. Their mission is to create the physical, mental, and emotional space for artists to show their work, meet, and exchange ideas on their own terms. TSA GVL will specifically focus on connecting the art communities in Greenville and the greater Southeast to the global art world. TSA was founded in 2009 in Philadelphia and is a 501c3 non-profit organization.

The Fine Arts Center (FAC) of Greenville County School District was established in August of 1974 as the first pre-professional arts school in the state of South Carolina for gifted and talented high school students in the Fine, Visual, and Performing Arts.  Since its opening, thousands of students have chosen to become members of this unique community in which individual talent and expression are nourished in a supportive environment and stimulated by instructors who are themselves highly regarded professionals in their fields.  The Fine Arts Center offers the highest level of instruction in Architecture, Creative Writing, Dance (Ballet and Modern), Digital Filmmaking, Music (Chamber Strings, Jazz, Voice, Winds/Brass/Percussion), Theatre (Performance and Design/Production), and Visual Arts.  

For more information please contact TSA GVL at greenville@tigerstrikesasteroid.com and FAC at adauschaupart@greenvilleschools.us

By Appointment Only

Gallery Hours: June 7th - September 10th Monday - Thursday 10am - 4pm

FINE ART CENTER Sheffield Wood Gallery 102 Pine Knoll Drive Greenville, SC 29609

[jamesgraybooksellerworld]

352J [OLIVIER, Jacques, or Alexis TROUSSET].

A Discourse of Women, shewing their Imperfections alphabetically. Newly translated out of the French into English.

London: printed in the year 1679.           $3,800

12mo (135 × 70 mm), pp. [4], 185, [1], without initial blank leaf. Woodcut headpiece (with snakes) to dedication. Quite dust-stained/browned, closely-cut at foredge, usually resulting merely in a short margin, but just touching text of a handful of leaves towards the opening. Eighteenth-century panelled sprinkled calf with stencilled diapered lozenge to sides, borders in gilt and blind, black floral cornerpieces, spine with large red morocco label and three panels with cinquefoil tools in gilt. Rubbed, joints starting, spine chipped at head and foot. Contemporary purple shelf mark: ‘Lib J.9-no.8-’ An otherwise unrecorded issue of a notorious misogynist satire, Alphabet de l’imperfection et malice des femmes (1617), first published in English in 1662. According to Athenae Oxonienses, the translator was Richard Banke of Lincoln College. It was reprinted in 1672 and 1673 and this is a reissue of unsold sheets of the 1673 edition with a new title, dated but without imprint. All editions are rare. This issue not in Wing (cf. O284A-C for the other edition/ issues). See Felicity Nussbaum, The Brink of all we hate: English Satires on Women, 1660-1750, p. 178n. ESTC Citation No. R22566 Olivier, Jacques. London : printed for Henry Brome, at the Gun in Ivy-lane, M.DCLXII. [1662] Physical descr. [4], 204 p. ; 8⁰. General note Translation of: Olivier, Jacques. Alphabet de l’imperfection et malice des femmes. Leaf pi2r numbered 205. [A]² B-N⁸ O⁶. Wing (CD-ROM, 1996), O284A

Copies – Brit.Isles : British Library, Cambridge University London School of Economics. Copies – N.America\ Folger Shakespeare Huntington Library William Andrews Clark Memorial Library

ESTC Citation No. R229574 Olivier, Jacques. A discourse of women, shewing their imperfections alphabetically. Newly translated out of the French into English. London : printed for R.T. and are to be sold in Little Britain, [1673.] Physical descr. [6], 185, [1] p. ; 12⁰. Copies – Brit.Isles : British Library Oxford University Bodleian Library

Copies – N.America\ Duke University Newberry Yale University

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Bold Poets and rash Painters may aspire With pen and pencill to describe my Faire, Alas; their arts in the performance fayle, And reach not that divine Original, Some Shadd’wy glimpse they may present to view, And this is all poore humane art Can doe▪

346J J.B. Gent.

The young lovers guide,

 or, The unsuccessful amours of Philabius, a country lover; set forth in several kind epistles, writ by him to his beautious-unkind mistress. Teaching lover s how to comport themselves with resignation in their love-disasters. With The answer of Helena to Paris, by a country shepherdess. As also, The sixth Æneid and fourth eclogue of Virgil, both newly translated by J.B. Gent.

London : Printed and are to be Sold by the Booksellers of London, 1699.             $3,500

Octavo,  A4, B-G8,H6 I2( lacking 3&’4) (A1, frontispiece Present;            I3&’4, advertisements  lacking )    inches  [8], 116, [4] p. : The frontispiece is signed: M· Vander Gucht. scul:. 1660-1725,

This copy is bound in original paneled sheep with spine cracking but cords holding Strong.

A very rare slyly misogynistic “guide’ for what turns out be emotional turmoil and Love-Disasters !

Writ by Philabius to Venus, his Planetary Ascendant.

Dear Mother Venus!

I must style you so.

From you descended, tho’ unhappy Beau.

You are my Astral Mother; at my birth

Your pow’rful Influence bore the sway on Earth

From my Ascendent: being sprung from you,

I hop’d Success where-ever I should woo.

Your Pow’r in Heav’n and Earth prevails, shall I,

A Son of yours, by you forsaken die?

Twenty long Months now I have lov’d a Fair,

And all my Courtship’s ending in Despair.

All Earthly Beauties, scatter’d here and there,

From you, their Source, derive the Charms they bear.

Wing (2nd ed.), B131; Arber’s Term cat.; III 142

Copies – Brit.Isles  :  British Library

                  Cambridge University St. John’s College

                  Oxford University, Bodleian Library

Copies – N.America :  Folger Shakespeare

                  Harvard Houghton Library

                  Henry E. Huntington

                  Newberry

                  UCLA, Clark Memorial Library

                  University of Illinois

Engraved frontispiece of the Mistress holding a fan, title within double rule border, 4-pages of publisher`s  advertisements at the end Contemporary calf (worn). . FIRST EDITION. . The author remains unknown. 

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A collection of Poems and Letters by Christian mystic and prolific writer, Jeanne-Marie Guyon published in Dublin.

348J    François de Salignac de la Mothe-Fénelon 1651-1715  & Josiah Martin 1683-1747 & Jeanne Marie Bouvier de La Motte Guyon 1648-1717

A dissertation on pure love, by the Arch-Bishop of Cambray. With an account of the life and writings of the Lady, for whose sake The Archbishop was banish’d from Court: And the grievous Persecution she suffer’d in France for her Religion.  Also Two Letters in French and English, written by one of the Lady’s Maids, during her Confinement in the Castle of Vincennes, where she was Prisoner Eight Years. One of the Letters was writ with a Bit of Stick instead of a Pen, and Soot instead of Ink, to her Brother; the other to a Clergyman. Together with an apologetic preface. Containing divers letters of the Archbishop of Cambray, to the Duke of Burgundy, the present French King’s Father, and other Persons of Distinction. And divers letters of the lady to Persons of Quality, relating to her Religious Principles

Dublin : printed by Isaac Jackson, in Meath-Street, [1739].    $ 4,000

Octavo  7 3/4  x 5  inches       First and only English edition. Bound in Original sheep, with a quite primitive repair to the front board.

Fenélon’s text appears to consist largely of extracts from ’Les oeuvres spirituelles’. The preface, account of Jeanne Marie Guyon etc. is compiled by Josiah Martin. The text of the letters, and poems, is in French and English. This is an Astonishing collection of letters and poems.

“JOSIAH MARTIN,  (1683–1747), quaker, was born near London in 1683. He became a good classical scholar, and is spoken of by Gough, the translator of Madame Guyon’s Life, 1772, as a man whose memory is esteemed for ‘learning, humility, and fervent piety.’ He died unmarried, 18 Dec. 1747, in the parish of St. Andrew’s, Holborn, and was buried in the Friends’ burial-ground, Bunhill Fields. He left the proceeds of his library of four thousand volumes to be divided among nephews and nieces. Joseph Besse [q. v.] was his executor.

Martin’s name is best known in connection with ‘A Letter from one of the People called Quakers to Francis de Voltaire, occasioned by his Remarks on that People in his Letters concerning the English Nation,’ London, 1741. It was twice reprinted, London and Dublin, and translated into French. It is a temperate and scholarly treatise, and was in much favour at the time.

Of his other works the chief are: 1. ‘A Vindication of Women’s Preaching, as well from Holy Scripture and Antient Writings as from the Paraphrase and Notes of the Judicious John Locke, wherein the Observations of B[enjamin] C[oole] on the said Paraphrase . . . and the Arguments in his Book entitled “Reflections,” &c, are fullv considered,’ London, 1717. 2. ‘The Great Case of Tithes truly stated … by Anthony Pearson [q. v.] . . . to which is added a Defence of some other Principles held by the People call’d Quakers . . .,’ London, 1730. 3. ‘A Letter concerning the Origin, Reason, and Foundation of the Law of Tithes in England,’ 1732. He also edited, with an ‘Apologetic Preface,’ comprising more than half the book, and containing many additional letters from Fénelon and Madame Guyon, ‘The Archbishop of Cambray’s Dissertation on Pure Love, with an Account of the Life and Writings of the Lady for whose sake he was banish’d from Court,’ London, 1735.

[Joseph Smith’s Catalogue of Friends’ Books; works quoted above; Life of Madame Guyon, Bristol, 1772, pt. i. errata; registers at Devonshire House; will P.C.C. 58 Strahan, at Somerset House.]

C. F. S.

Fénelon was nominated in February, 1696, Fénelon was consecrated in August of the same year by Bossuet in the chapel of Saint-Cyr. The future of the young prelate looked brilliant, when he fell into deep disgrace.

The cause of Fénelon’s trouble was his connection with Madame Guyon, whom he had met in the society of his friends, the Beauvilliers and the Chevreuses. She was a native of Orléans, which she left when about twenty-eight years old, a widowed mother of three children, to carry on a sort of apostolate of mysticism, under the direction of Père Lacombe, a Barnabite. After many journeys to Geneva, and through Provence and Italy, she set forth her ideas in two works, “Le moyen court et facile de faire oraison” and “Les torrents spirituels”. In exaggerated language characteristic of her visionary mind, she presented a system too evidently founded on the Quietism of Molinos, that had just been condemned by Innocent XI in 1687. There were, however, great divergencies between the two systems. Whereas Molinos made man’s earthly perfection consist in a state of uninterrupted contemplation and love, which would dispense the soul from all active virtue and reduce it to absolute inaction, Madame Guyon rejected with horror the dangerous conclusions of Molinos as to the cessation of the necessity of offering positive resistance to temptation. Indeed, in all her relations with Père Lacombe, as well as with Fénelon, her virtuous life was never called in doubt. Soon after her arrival in Paris she became acquainted with many pious persons of the court and in the city, among them Madame de Maintenon and the Ducs de Beauvilliers and Chevreuse, who introduced her to Fénelon. In turn, he was attracted by her piety, her lofty spirituality, the charm of her personality, and of her books. It was not long, however, before the Bishop of Chartres, in whose diocese Saint-Cyr was, began to unsettle the mind of Madame de Maintenon by questioning the orthodoxy of Madame Guyon’s theories. The latter, thereupon, begged to have her works submitted to an ecclesiastical commission composed of Bossuet, de Noailles, who was then Bishop of Châlons, later Archbishop of Paris, and M. Tronson; superior of-Saint-Sulpice. After an examination which lasted six months, the commission delivered its verdict in thirty-four articles known as the “Articles d’ Issy”, from the place near Paris where the commission sat. These articles, which were signed by Fénelon and the Bishop of Chartres, also by the members of the commission, condemned very briefly Madame Guyon’s ideas, and gave a short exposition of the Catholic teaching on prayer. Madame Guyon submitted to the condemnation, but her teaching spread in England, and Protestants, who have had her books reprinted have always expressed sympathy with her views. Cowper translated some of her hymns into English verse; and her autobiography was translated into English by Thomas Digby (London, 1805) and Thomas Upam (New York, 1848). Her books have been long forgotten in France.

Jeanne Marie Guyon

b. 1648, Montargis, France; d. 1717, Blois, France

A Christian mystic and prolific writer, Jeanne-Marie Guyon advocated a form of spirituality that led to conflict with authorities and incarceration. She was raised in a convent, then married off to a wealthy older man at the age of sixteen. When her husband died in 1676, she embarked on an evangelical mission to convert Protestants to her brand of spirituality, a mild form of quietism, which propounded the notion that through complete passivity (quiet) of the soul, one could become an agent of the divine. Guyon traveled to Geneva, Turin, and Grenoble with her mentor, Friar François Lacombe, at the same time producing several manuscripts: Les torrents spirituels (Spiritual Torrents); an 8,000-page commentary on the Bible; and her most important work, the Moyen court et très facile de faire oraison (The Short and Very Easy Method of Prayer, 1685). Her activities aroused suspicion; she was arrested in 1688 and committed to the convent of the Visitation in Paris, where she began writing an autobiography. Released within a few months, she continued proselytizing, meanwhile attracting several male disciples. In 1695, the Catholic church declared quietism heretical, and Guyon was locked up in the Bastille until 1703. Upon her release, she retired to her son’s estate in Blois. Her writings were published in forty-five volumes from 1712 to 1720.

Her writings began to be published in Holland in 1704, and brought her new admirers. Englishmen and Germans–among them Wettstein and Lord Forbes–visited her at Blois. Through them Madame Guyon’s doctrines became known among Protestants and in that soil took vigorous root. But she did not live to see this unlooked-for diffusion of her writings. She passed away at Blois, at the age of sixty-eight, protesting in her will that she died submissive to the Catholic Church, from which she had never had any intention of separating herself. Her doctrines, like her life, have nevertheless given rise to the widest divergences of opinion. Her published works (the “Moyen court” and the “Règles des assocées à l’Enfance de Jésus”) having been placed on the Index in 1688, and Fénelon’s “Maximes des saints” branded with the condemnation of both the pope and the bishops of France, the Church has thus plainly reprobated Madame Guyon’s doctrines, a reprobation which the extravagance of her language would in itself sufficiently justify. Her strange conduct brought upon her severe censures, in which she could see only manifestations of spite. Evidently, she too often fell short of due reserve and prudence; but after all that can be said in this sense, it must be acknowledged that her morality appears to have given no grounds for serious reproach. Bossuet, who was never indulgent in her regard, could say before the full assembly of the French clergy: “As to the abominations which have been held to be the result of her principles, there was never any question of the horror she testified for them.” It is remarkable, too, that her disciples at the Court of Louis XIV were always persons of great piety and of exemplary life.

On the other hand, Madame Guyon’s warmest partisans after her death were to be found among the Protestants. It was a Dutch Protestant, the pastor Poiret, who began the publication of her works; a Vaudois pietist pastor, Duthoit-Mambrini, continued it. Her “Life” was translated into English and German, and her ideas, long since forgotten in France, have for generations been in favour in Germany, Switzerland, England, and among Methodists in America. ”

EB

P.144 misnumbered 134. Price from imprint: price a British Half-Crown.  Dissertain 16p and Directions for a holy life 5p. DNB includes this in Martin’s works

Copies – Brit.Isles.  :                                                                                                                                                          British Library,                                                                                                                                                                    Dublin City Library,                                                                                                                                                      National Library of Ireland                                                                                                                                              Trinity College Library

Copies – N.America. :                                                                                                                                                           Bates College,                                                                                                                                                                     Harvard University,                                                                                                                                                                            Haverford Col ,                                                                                                                                                                   Library Company of Philadelphia,                                                                                                                        Newberry,                                                                                                            ��                                                            Pittsburgh Theological                                                                                                                                               Princeton University,                                                                                                                                                   University of Illinois                                                                                                                                                     University of Toronto, Library

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331J Theophilis Polwheile

Aὐθέντης, Authentēs. Or A treatise of self-deniall. Wherein the necessity and excellency of it is demonstrated; with several directions for the practice of it. By Theophilus Polwheile, M.A. sometimes of Emmanuel Colledge in Cambridge, now teacher of the Church at Teverton in Devon.

  London: printed for Thomas Johnson, and are to be sold at the Golden-Key in St. Pauls Church-yard, 1659   $1,200

Octavo Full 18/19th century calf . Signed by B Fuller.    Like the Anatomy of Melancholy Polwheile  takes an enclyopedic view of Self denial in all sorts of literature.  was a minister based mainly in Tiverton; the year after this was published, in the Restoration of 1660, he was ejected from his ministerial position for his religious views and for his sympathies with the Independents, who advocated for local control and for a certain freedom of religion for those who were not Catholic; because of this, he was often in trouble until the Declaration of Indulgence by James II in 1687, establishing freedom of religion in England (James II being Catholic)

“Some think Orthodox and right opinions to be a plea for a loose life, whereas there is no Ill course of life, But springs from some false opinions.” Also Some very interesting subjects “Madness, the reason why so many men of great parts and learning are smitten with it”

“There are Time-servers and Man-pleasers”.  There is no surprise that this is rare, I bet lots of copies were thrown out?   Two US copies in the US.

  Wing (2nd ed.), P2782; Thomason; E.1733[1].

Copies – N.America  :General Theological Seminary & Union Theological Seminary…

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362J James FISHER and [Martha HATFIELD].

The wise virgin: or, A wonderfull narration of the various dispensations of God towards a childe of eleven years of age; wherein as his severity hath appeared in afflicting, so also his goodness both in enabling her (when stricken dumb, deaf, and blind, through the prevalency of her disease) at several times to utter many glorious truths concerning Christ, faith, and other subjects; and also in recovering her without the use of any external means, lest the glory should be given to any other. To the wonderment of many that came far and neer to see and hear her. With some observations in the fourth year since her recovery. She is the daughter of Mr. Anthony Hatfield gentleman, in Laughton in York-shire; her name is Martha Hatfield. The third edition enlarged, with some passages of her gracious conversation now in the time of health. By James Fisher, servant of Christ, and minister of the Gospel in Sheffield.

LONDON: Printed for John Rothwell, at the Fountain, in Cheap-side. 1656 $3,300 Octavo, 143 x 97 x 23 mm (binding), 139 x 94 x 18 mm (text block). A-M8, N3. Lacks A1, blank or portrait? [26], 170 pp. Bound in contemporary calf, upper board reattached, somewhat later marbled and blank ends. Leather rubbed with minor loss to extremities. Interior: Title stained, leaves soiled, gathering N browned, long vertical tear to E2 without loss, tail fore-corner of F8 torn away, with loss of a letter, side notes of B2v trimmed. This is a remarkable survival of the third edition of the popular interregnum account of Sheffield Presbyterian minister James Fisher’s 11-year-old niece Martha Hatfield’s prophetic dialogues following her recovery from a devastating catalepsy that had left her “dumb, deaf, and blind.” Mar tha’s disease, which defies modern retro-diagnostics, was at the time characterized as “spleenwinde,” a term even the Oxford English Dictionary has overlooked. Her sufferings were as variable as they were extraordinary the young girl at one point endured a 17-day fugue state during which her eyes remained open and fixed and she gnashed her teeth to the breaking point. In counterpoise to the horrors of her infirmity, her utterances in periods of remission and upon recovery were of great purity and sweetness; it is this stark contrast that was, and is, the persistent allure of this little book. The Wise Virgin appeared five times between 1653 and 1665; some editions have a portrait frontispiece, and it is entirely possible that the present third edition should have one at A1v, though the copy scanned by Early English Books Online does not. Copies located at Yale, and at Oxford (from which the EEBO copy was made). Wing F1006.

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257J Jacques Ferrand

Εροτομανια Or A Treatise Discoursing of the Essence, Causes, Symptomes, Prognosticks, and Cure of Love, or EROTIQUE MELANCHOLY.

Oxford: by L. Lichfield to be sold by Edward Forrest, 1640 $6,900.

Octavo a-b8, c4, A-Y8, Z6 (First English edition.

Bound in nineteenth century English gilt tooled sheep. Ferrand approaches the medical afflictions produced by intense love. In addition to confronting the medical symptoms, Ferrand also describes the psychiatric symptoms.

Includes chapters,  Whether Love-Melancholy be an Hereditary disease, or no. Whether or no by Physiognomy and Chiromancy a man may know one to be inclined to Love, and Chirurgicall Remedies, for the Prevention of Love, and erotique Melancholy. Of the psychiatric nature the doctor includes the chapters, Whether or no by Oniromancy, or the Interpretation of Dreames, one may know those that are in love, Whether or no, a Physitian may by his Art find out Love, without confession of the Patient, and Of Melancholy, and its several kinds. Other chapters discuss astrology, external and internal symptoms, medicinal, methodical, empirical, and pharmaceutical remedies of love

Melancholy. STC 10829; Hunter & Macalpine, p. 118; NUC NF 0098305, ICU, CtY, PPL, CLSU, DFo, ICN, OU, DLC, CSmH, MH.

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    A Discourse of Women, 2) The young lovers guide, 3) A dissertation on pure love, 4) A treatise of self-deniall, 5) The wise virgin, 6) A Treatise Discoursing the Cure of Erotique Melancholy. 352J . A Discourse of Women, shewing their Imperfections alphabetically. Newly translated out of the French into English.

[beckylower]

He stood only five feet, five inches in height with a slight frame. From his appearance, one might have assumed he was a baker, deli owner, or banker. He was smart enough to have been an excellent Talmud scholar, and by all accounts, was a good student while in school. He excelled at math, which would earn him his best known nicknames as an adult. Accounts from those who knew him tell of an unassuming, low-key man. He valued family and is fondly remembered by those who benefitted from his philanthropy in later life. He eschewed the limelight and publicity. He might have been just a nice Jewish man who lived next door and kept his lawn well-tended, except he wasn’t. He numbered the gangsters Benjamin “Bugsy” Siegel and Charles “Lucky” Luciano as his best friends from childhood and adolescence. He was called the Mob’s Accountant and Secretary of the Treasury. His financial acumen and farsightedness made him millions and his keen mind for planning and details kept him out of prison. Though credited with being at the top of the Jewish-Italian Mafia network, he was never convicted of any serious crimes. He was Meyer Lansky, born Maier Suchowljansky in 1902 in Grodno, Poland, immigrated with his parents in 1911, and grew up on the violence prone streets of Manhattan’s Lower East Side.

Lansky started his career in crime as a youngster by running a floating craps game, burglaries, car thefts, and other petty crimes. He graduated to the big time through bootlegging during Prohibition and murder for hire. He did not, however, commit the deeds himself; rather, he and Siegel formed a forerunner of Murder, Inc. by organizing and controlling a group of hired hitmen. With the end of prohibition, he realized that the time to diversify had arrived. He came full circle back to his gambling origins. It was this part of his life that caught my imagination and prompted me to research his ventures in Las Vegas, Miami, and Havana while writing Miami Days Havana Nights. Lansky does not appear in the novel, but his dealings in these cities provided a source of inspiration for parts of the story.

Lincoln Road, Miami Beach circa 1940

That the Mob controlled certain aspects of Miami and Miami Beach from the 1920’s onward is widely known, the heyday being Miami Beach during the 50′ and 60’s. Movies, TV shows, and books have been created touting the glitz, glamour, and gangsters of that period. While the Magic City is fascinating, my interest was drawn to a somewhat lesser known involvement farther south in Havana.

It was the time of Hemingway, Batista, and American gangsters when movies stars and the rich and famous crowded Sloppy Joe’s, La Floridita, and Havana’s casinos and hotels. Lansky’s route to his considerable holdings in Cuba of the 1950’s led first through Las Vegas casinos, Miami’s openly operated bookmaking and illegal gambling joints, and finally to Havana, but only after a near miss with a US Senate Committee investigating organized crime. Between May, 1950 and May, 1951, the senior senator from Tennessee, Estes Kefauver and his committee heard testimony from over 600 witnesses

Mafia dons testifying before the Kefauver Committee

regarding the extent of organized crime’s activities and influence in the nation. In addition to other findings, the hearings were successful in exposing Miami as the open city it had always been. Until Kefauver’s report, gambling, bookmaking, and other vice activities operated in the open with the full knowledge of government officials at all levels and had done so since the city’s founding. After Kefauver, vice did not disappear from Miami, but it was forced underground. Lansky appeared before Kefauver’s committee twice where he refused to answer any questions. Although he suffered neither indictment nor conviction, Lanksy now found himself in a place he had always strived to avoid – the glare of the public spotlight. It was time to seek new ventures abroad.

American organized crime established a Cuban connection during Prohibition when bootleggers brought alcohol to the US from the island via the Florida Straits. Being the brains and financial wizard of the criminal element, Lansky played a large part in creating and nurturing relationships in Cuba, especially once General Fulgencio Batista came to power in 1935.

The cheating and corruption in the early months of Batista’s regime nearly sank the tourist and gaming industries. The dictator’s solution was to invite his buddy Lansky to clean up the mess. Within months, wealthy tourists returned and the gambling industry flourished once more. The gangster’s reward for this miracle was the opportunity to open and operate hotel casinos in Havana. Soon after establishing his base in Miami, Lansky took over the gambling tables of the Montmartre Club in Havana.

In the early 1950’s when things became too hot in the States, Lansky hit upon a grand new scheme. He wanted to turn Cuba into a gambling mecca. Although Batista was out of power after 1944 and gambling fell from favor during that period, it came roaring back when the dictator seized power through a military coup in 1952. Delighted with Lansky’s grand plan, Batista gave the green light to the building of Las Vegas style hotels and casinos that offered the same kinds of big name entertainment. The dictator also appointed the gangster to an advisory position in his government. Lansky was not only highly capable and intelligent, he was also loyal. His Mob friends who had helped him in the past were invited to get in on the action and soon American gangsters were pouring into Havana. These favors from Batista did not come without a price. Millions of dollars in bribes and a cut of the profits eventually led to nineteen Havana casinos being Mob-run.

The pinnacle of Lansky’s achievements came with the opening of his Riviera Hotel on December 10, 1957. It was the first building on the island to have air conditioning and parts of the floorshow, featuring Ginger Rogers, were broadcast on American television.  As the power of the American gangsters in Cuba grew, so did the graft and corruption. One might speculate that the Mafia’s influence in the end contributed to Batista’s fall by prompting ordinary Cubans to support Castro’s revolution. One can only wonder what Meyer Lansky might have accomplished had he dedicated his talent, intelligence, and creativity to positive, law-abiding pursuits.

Related Historical Fiction

    Further Reading

https://www.biography.com/people/meyer-lansky-9542634

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Meyer-Lansky

https://vault.fbi.gov/meyer-lansky

Chepesiuk, Ron. Gangsters of Miami. Fort Lee, NJ: Barricade Books, Inc., 2o10.

Lacey, Robert. Little Man: Meyer Lansky and the Gangster Life. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1991.

Linda Bennett Pennell is an author of historical fiction set in the American South or about Southerners traveling far from home. While she writes about the land of her birth, anything with a history, whether shabby or regal, ancient or closer to our own day, has fascinated her since early childhood. This love of the past and the desire to create stories of it probably owes much to her Southern roots.

Southern families are filled with storytellers who keep family and community histories alive. It is in their blood and part of their birthright. Linda’s family had many such yarn spinners who entertained the family on cold winter evenings around her grandmother’s fireplace and during long summer afternoons on her wraparound porch. And most important of all, most of those stories were true.

Click here to connect with Linda and find out more about her writing.

    Glitz, Glamour, and Gambling: an American in Havana He stood only five feet, five inches in height with a slight frame. From his appearance, one might have assumed he was a baker, deli owner, or banker.

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New Post has been published on Geniuszone

New Post has been published on https://geniuszone.biz/the-prevailing-delusion-about-online-college-degrees-a-treatise-at-the-decline-of-public-education/

The Prevailing Delusion About Online College Degrees: A Treatise at the Decline of Public Education

A fable is described by means of Webster’s Dictionary as a false belief concerning the self or men and women, or objects, that persists despite the information, and one of the most conventional and tough-hitting delusions which have prevailed in the past due 20th and early twenty-first Centuries is the extremely unsuitable perception by hundreds of thousands of rank-and-file humans around the arena, specifically in the USA, that laptop Internet instructional pastimes produce as plenty academic mastering for someone as does conventional classroom instruction. On the one hand, there are the various recalcitrant, adolescent, public school college students who significantly dislike the free established guides that they are required to attend in school rooms for twelve years in order to attain primary educational talents and an excessive faculty diploma. These young faulty men and women account for about 67 percentage of all public college and university students, and, in maximum instances, simply occupy school room seats, with their minds absently some place else, all through their primary, middle college, and high college years and cease up slightly attaining the minimum grades essential for high college graduation.

  The actual sad reality is that, for the American public colleges to preserve a few elusive credibility in well educating the bulk of America’s young people, 70 percent of that 67 percentage of all public faculty students have their grades pragmatically padded with huge disproportionate curves with the intention to make it appear that most of the American teens leaving excessive faculty at eighteen years of age are basically knowledgeable and prepared to, both, input the personnel or attend university. Yet, these essentially uneducated, barely literate males and females depart public high faculty, and presently quit-up, inside 3-or-greater years, enlisting in the army, attending the junior college or university or campus or change college, apprenticing for a alternate, continuing to stay at domestic off their dad and mom, or turning into mendicants on the streets. Every yr lots of these millions of younger humans, fifteen to eighteen years of age, run far from domestic to quit up spending 5-to-ten years on the streets, many of them turning to a crime before they recognize the time and the valuable free sources that they’ve wasted through contrariness and indolence.

education

Since round 1995, a outstanding a lot of those millions of poorly educated teens, eighteen to thirty years of age, have sought to pass the need for difficult work, and were given the grand delusion that they could accomplish with a private computer, on my own at home for lots of bucks, what they refused to perform for the duration of the twelve years of a unfastened public training they have been supplied as teens. What do I simply by means of this? Seventy years ago, most graduates of public high schools sincerely graduated on a real eleventh-to-twelfth grade level and have been prepared to, both, input a college or university and carry out actual university-stage work, or to enter a salable alternate. As proper baby-rearing in American houses (dad and mom supporting and inspiring their youngsters to succeed.

  As proper baby-rearing in American houses (dad and mom supporting and inspiring their youngsters to succeed in the public colleges) have become, over the many years after 1950, more of a burden than a privilege and duty for husbands and better halves, who had been more aim seekers than they were fathers and moms, the male and lady kids of those very egoistic men and women have been basically left alone within the home to war academically by way of themselves at some stage in their formative and adolescent years. As a result, what was actually high school diplomas conferred upon maximum eighteen 12 months antique graduates of public college and university have become no higher than certificates showing merely 12 years of attendance, even as junior college stages (A.A.S and A.S.S) became certifications of remediation for excessive school deficiency. This method of remediation simply implies that the students had compensated for their lack of educational attainment all through their excessive school years at a network and junior faculties at some point of years of observing. Hence, as logically follows, traditional baccalaureate levels now conferred upon senior college graduates, who matriculate from a community and junior faculties, are hardly equivalent, to any degree conferred upon college graduates at some stage in the Fifties, ’60s, and ’70s.

college

Now we arrive at the crux of the problem handy, the attainment of B.A., B.S., M.A., M.S., and, even, Ph.D. levels by way of those beneath-educated students from schools and universities providing entire online Internet curriculum applications main to the conferral of these levels. What takes place whilst below-educated men and women, who graduated high faculty on in all likelihood a ninth-to-tenth grade stage, try to do real college degree educational work 5-to-ten years once they depart the general public faculties? Now remember that a high percent of those individuals have spent time within the U.S. Military taking military enlisted guides taught on an eighth-grade level and are instructed via those universities that, if they join particularly online diploma programs and pay the specified lessons, they will be given university credit for navy courses and for “existence revel in (something which means)” with the intention to cause the overall one hundred twenty hours of college credit necessary for a baccalaureate diploma. Moreover, an extremely good a lot of these underneath-knowledgeable adults, 25-to-35 years of age, begin their so-referred to as university educations on-line without any preceding junior university remedial examine.

  So, have you ever, but, figured out the dismal end result of the grand delusion?

  These hundreds of thousands of below-educated students, who have anxiously embraced the computer age, are simply made to agree with that they are able to use the Internet, at domestic on my own, to observe the books and course substances furnished by using on-line universities and faculties, without the presence of an teacher/professor, a good way to analyze the equivalent of what’s taught all through four years of classroom coaching at traditional brick-and-mortar universities. What this became called in the 1950s, ’60s, and ’70s turned into correspondence/distance mastering effect, which became now not authorized as equivalent to college and university journal study room guidance by means of regional accrediting commissions. Presently, 98 percent of all Internet on-line university degree packages provided through maximum approved universities and schools aren’t interactive; that is, they do now not provide video-teleconferencing for detailed weekly lesson periods wherein the character students are related together to allow every student enrolled within the unique direction to see his, or her, classmates, and the teacher/professor, on a computer display screen in the course of the lesson period, and to interact with every other in the course of the elegance. As in comparison to the training value of a 3-unit undergraduate classroom path in American records, at the University of Maryland, which is around $500, the price of an interactive online Internet course is about $seven-hundred, and, perpetually, the Socratic method can not be correctly utilized by the trainer at some point of this very luxurious digital interaction.

  Most on-line undergraduate and graduate courses are, however, “not” interactive to any diploma, and the only manner for a pupil to speak with a trainer, or other classmates, during the semester or sector direction duration is by e-mail, and this is regarded by maximum rational human beings as an extremely impersonal and disadvantageous approach of effective verbal exchange. Let’s say the underneath-educated undergraduate student lives in South Carolina and is enrolled in an undergraduate on-line degree program at the University of Maryland. The student has all the path textbooks and looks at substances, for a semester, mailed to his house and him, or she is permitted to perform the prescribed lesson assignments whenever handy. There are not any verbal lectures until the trainer information them and permits the scholars to get entry to them, at the side of the opposite route substances, the usage of “Blackboard” software program. If that is the case, the tuition for the course is notably multiplied. Now, consider it or not, the instructor may also, in reality, stay in any other remote country, together with Minnesota, and a student can be not able to contact the teacher with the aid of electronic mail for prolonged intervals of time. Hence, the below-knowledgeable undergraduate student is largely left on my own for most of the semester or zone to examine the course substances on my own, and to take un-proctored, open-e-book, multiple choice question exams for grades, when the scholar’s instructional honesty isn’t always even puzzled.

public

During the 19th and 20th Centuries, this type of learning changed into referred to as the Lincoln-impact, which become named for the way Abraham Lincoln supposedly learned to be a lawyer and changed into known as then by means of maximum colleges and universities as a terrible manner to examine for the common scholar. Lincoln found out on his personal by using studying and analyzing what he needed to realize with the intention to reach his prison endeavors, and his achievement turned into as a result of the reality that he turned into an exceedingly shrewd and intuitive man or woman, capable of mastering on his own, which the awesome majority of all public high college graduates are unable to do. Even nowadays, a university or university will “not” provide a person credit for gaining knowledge of independently, and actually understanding and gaining knowledge of college stage direction cloth earlier than enrolling in a university and purchasing the route. Then, even after a “very clever” individual pays the pricey training for the course and the professor lets in the aspiring person to take the path’s comprehensive final exam, the examination is, in most cases, now not the everyday final examination taken by school room students, but one that has been made inexorably greater difficult for the explicit purpose of ensuring that the very clever individual does now not make a passing grade.

  Does this sound unfair and sorely inequitable?

  Yes, it does, due to the fact it is! The present day academic gadget is staggeringly unfair to, each, the very sensible and the very beneath-knowledgeable. The startling fact is that nearly all of the colleges and universities within the USA are tons more involved with advanced gaining knowledge of as a profitable money-making commercial enterprise than what it ought to be, the sacred obligation of supporting intuitive and intelligently capable women and men, who are organized for college-stage work, to obtain the studying and research competencies that they need to succeed in establishing new frontiers of the natural and physical sciences, arithmetic, humanities, and literature. The unhappy fact is that baccalaureate and graduate ranges are being provided each 12 months to underneath-knowledgeable women and men who have finished undergraduate and graduate on-line Internet diploma programs which might be, in no way, equal to the ranges attained via classroom paintings beneath the close supervision of professors and instructors.

  This unique grand delusion’s grave and deprecating impact, which I even have endeavored to explicate in this essay, is, certainly, that those men and women who’ve attained those online pseudo-tiers actually consider that they are as knowledgeable, intuitive, and shrewd as other men and women who have attended conventional schools and universities to reap their undergraduate and graduate levels. It is like evaluating an internet University of Phoenix baccalaureate degree in economics to a B.A. Diploma in economics received thru non-stop study room examine on the University of Texas at Austin, or at some other way of life authorized brick and mortar institute of excessive mastering. The two levels are basically incomparable. Yet, the general public of the American people of the 21st Century, 25-to-forty years of age, who have simply been conditioned to accept as true with that obtaining college degrees quick thru superficial and watered-down on-line look at is absolutely same to the painstaking method of acquiring a 4-yr baccalaureate degree through chronic school room attendance, have contributed substantially, via participation, to the academic diminution of the American republic, to its relegation to the repute of a third-world country. America now ranks 38th in the global in academic achievement.

  Can you imagine that, while, from 1945 till around 1970, America ranked first among all countries in population literacy, instructional superiority, and scientific fulfillment?

  As to the origin and advancement of this grand fable, the reader is owed an explanation. How ought to this innovative and aberrant mindset approximately the basics of superior learning have to turn out to be so destructively usual inside the latter part of the 20 the Century through sheer accident, or how could it had been broadly regular by means of the human beings as a popular model of instructional undertaking thru the seen efforts of one first-rate character? These two foregoing generic motives for the motive of ancient activities, coincidence and “the first-rate man” infrequently provide an explanation for the subtle, publicly unnoticeable, events that have befell from the past due nineteenth Century thru the mid-and-late 20th Century, which, working collectively, have prompted deliberate systematic trade inside the way Americans are knowledgeable. The “accidental,” and “fantastic guy” explanations for the incidence of records don’t infrequently explain the unhappy miserable events that have plagued humans from the outset of recorded records.

  The 1/3 everyday clarification every day by way of cutting-edge historians for sad history, conspiracy, is the maximum reasonable and plausible motive for the occurrence of diffused incremental activities which have together blended over a long time to supply an impact inclusive of the grand myth approximately the proper technique for American getting to know. When a radical investigation of the records reveals the reasons of conspiring males and females over a prolonged time frame to purpose a first-rate shift within the presiding philosophy underlying the vital rudiments of public education, those records can, either, be carefully examined with the aid of the prevailing traditional and digital media and commonplace by way of the

  The American public, or capriciously discounted via that identical media and hidden from the public. Why would an objective and unbiased media disguise such scurrilous statistics from the general public? A unfastened and unbiased media would no longer do any such blasphemous component, but a media bought and paid for through the powerful and rich women and men who’ve conspired together to result in this sort of shift in philosophy would so one of this element quite capable.

  As Thomas Jefferson said in 1805, “I’d as an alternative have newspapers without authorities than a central authority without newspapers.” What he really intended become that he would as an alternative have newspapers willing to publish the records and the reality within the absence of government than a central authority unwilling to permit newspapers to post the truth about what the government is doing against the interest of the governed. The American Constitutional Framers labored collectively to supply a kingdom that could serve the human beings, not a kingdom to be served by way of a people indoctrinated through government to be subservient. The latter fame, a kingdom to be served by way of the humans, changed into predicated upon a political philosophy known as Hegelian “statism”. A free-questioning people, inclusive of the authentic American population that ratified the U.S. Constitution in 1789, are very concerned approximately individual liberty.

  As Henry Ward Beecher succinctly said, “Liberty is the soul’s proper to respire.” This is going along quite properly with what Thomas Jefferson stated in 1779, during the American Revolution. He stated, “I even have sworn upon the altar of liberty everlasting hostility against all tyranny over the mind of the guy.” These immortal words, the various many others he wrote, these days grace Jefferson’s memorial in Washington, D.C. All of the Constitutional Framers, who had additionally signed the Declaration of Independence, found out that “as a person, or girl, thinks, so he, or she, is,” and that notion of truth is the way whereby the American people will pick who, and what, they’re. This is why the Constitutional Framers wrote the preamble of the U.S. Constitution to express its express reason, that’s said with the first eleven words of the final twenty-three phrases of the Preamble “too cozy the advantages of liberty to ourselves and our posterity.”

  The Preamble did not say that purpose of the U.S. Constitution become too “establish justice, provide for the commonplace protection, and promote the overall welfare.” No, those unique things had been a method for implementing the last purpose, which became, and is, to secure the blessings of liberty.” Some may argue that the constitution of the Soviet Union had hooked up a shape a justice, furnished for a common defense of the Soviet people, and promoted a form of popular welfare for the Soviet humans. But there has been no liberty for the Soviet humans to decide their personal destinies with their independent pursuits of happiness. No, a communist dictatorship does now not comfortable the benefits of personal liberty to a ruled human beings, however, as an alternative, simply the alternative, that manages over the minds and our bodies of the human beings. It’s, in reality, unusual that most federal and State politicians these days do not consider the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution a vital part of the Constitution; but it sincerely is.

  “Statism,” socialist fascist philosophy that the human beings of a countryside are to be conditioned to serve the country, began inside the new USA as a pragmatic sociopolitical ideology embraced by wealthy ideologues in numerous the New England States within the latter part of the 19th Century. I realize that that is a protracted manner to appearance backward on American records to accumulate the relevant and pertinent facts approximately what simply occurred, but the one’s records had been duly recorded with the aid of historians, newshounds, and everyday Americans within the form of journals, diaries, books written by using writers who had sincerely witnessed the one’s information being established, and newspaper articles documenting those statistics. The 5 ‘Ws” and one “H” of historic research are the questions and inquiries that result in a cogent explication of the issues. Who, What, Where, When, and Why, and, of course, How, constitute the basis for historic research and the solutions to how, and why, unhappy events happened.

  There have been wealthy powerful aristocratic people in the USA who, from the outset of the republic, did now not, in any respect, just like the idea of a not unusual rabble of human beings, the rank-and-document American People, being allowed to pick democratically, by using the vote, who would constitute them in a bicameral Congress and legislate laws that might have an effect on and diminish the electricity and wealth of those aristocrats. In effect, those ideological oligarchies, shadow governments in the State and federal governments, had been made from tremendous-wealthy those who feared freedom and liberty as a political manner of making them much less powerful and less rich. Hence, got here the collective surreptitious efforts of those shadowy oligarchies to systematically manage the minds of the populace which will relax their wealth and power. These wealthy, powerful, and pragmatic humans, even though without a doubt very few in number, knew pretty well that the proper education and intuitiveness of that not unusual rabble, the superb majority of the U.S. Population, might purpose that exceptional cross-phase of Americans to insightfully are seeking for the passage of laws that might beautify the potential of the not unusual People to sooner or later, through enterprise and entrepreneurship, compete with, and ultimately overshadow, the controlling aristocratic electricity-agents; which include not unusual self-knowledgeable, and brightly intuitive people like Cyrus McCormick, Eli Whitney, Elias Howe, Thomas Edison, and Philo T. Farnsworth, the bad Idaho farm boy who become invented tv.

  In a succinct reduce to the chase, the ten decades of passing time which have elapsed in the 19th Century have brought to pass the diffused, and extraordinarily damaging increments of trade to public training within the American republic. For example, the capability to examine and apprehend the posted written phrase changed into regarded with the aid of the commemorated Framers as the keystone to public awareness and know-how of modern activities in State and federal authorities in order to assure clever and informed citizens.

  The basic technique for teaching America’s young people commenced as phonics, which became considered via such Framers as Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and John Adams as the right technique for teaching youngsters, and illiterate adults, how to study. That turned into the manner that they had learned to examine, and Franklin, Jefferson, and Adams had used traditional phonics to teach their own children away to study efficaciously, and the method changed into used effectively within the first public faculties established in America before, and after the American Revolution. The first public faculties established within the new United States of American had been domestically managed and had nothing at all to do with the federal, or State, government. The mother and father of the kids hired instructors to teach studying competencies in these original one-room schools had been for kids of every age, and phonics, getting to know to discover words with the aid of their vowel and consonant sounds, changed into used to educate analyzing.

  Yet, another method for reading changed into created across the 12 months 1813 by means of a man named Thomas H. Gallaudet.

  Gallaudet created the “see-say” approach of teaching deaf-mutes the way to read when you consider that peculiar person couldn’t listen to phrase-letter sounds and analyze through the regular use of phonics. Then in 1835, Horace Mann, a university knowledgeable highbrow, who had, himself, learned to read phonetically, changed into instrumental in getting the “see-say” studying primer, “Mother’s Primer” installed for use by means of all number one faculties within the State of Massachusetts; but by 1843, the very normal and reasonable dad and mom of Massachusetts rejected the “see-say” technique and phonics was restored as the usual method for coaching all everyday number one studying in the State of Massachusetts how to examine. Yet, Thomas Gallaudet, his youngsters, and grandchildren have been all graduates of Yale University, as became Thomas Mann, and that they had been additionally participants of a secret order that existed then at Yale, and nevertheless exists and thrives within the 21st Century. This changed into, and is, the Secret Order of the Skull and Bones.

  In truth, Horace Mann become co-founder of Skull and Bones, and it’s far plenty greater than a passing idea as to why Mann, who had found out to examine the use of phonics, might have pushed and shoved to get the “see-say” reading method, initially designed for strange deaf-mutes, frequent as a studying methodology for regular primary-age children. Furthermore, the fake propaganda disseminated about the, supposedly, a success use of the “see-saw” method, from around 1853 to 1900, resulted in the adoption of “see-saw” with the aid of the influential Columbia Teachers College and the Lincoln School, which propelled the thrust of the speciously new John Dewey-stimulated device of schooling that became geared away from the fundamentals of gaining knowledge of in the direction of, as a substitute, making ready primary toddler to be subservient devices within the organic society rather than clever and intuitive individuals who ought to examine comprehensively and successfully. ‘See-say” changed into ideal for the proponents of Dewey. Since learning to read successfully turned into the number one key to unlocking a child’s capability to read to examine, the Dewey-machine deliberately eviscerated the one critical key step in the studying process, which could, in the long run, culminate in generating an informed voters. See-say” additionally appeared to be a smooth way to learn to study, despite the diagnosed truth that getting to know to examine properly required the private subject and hard work.

  Hence, I truly agree with that the rational and affordable American analyzing this essay might be without a doubt capable of cogently extrapolate the inexorable and egregious consequences of adopting a reading technique system, “see-say,’ created for “bizarre” deaf-mutes, for systematic use through “all” of the general public college districts in all of the States by way of 1920, for you to educate regular simple faculty-age children how to read. It wasn’t followed through twist of fate or as a result of a grand gesture by way of a sensible man or woman, however, rather, by conspiratorial means over a long time frame

  The leading educational “government” from 1900 to 1920, exclaimed by means of newspapers, magazines, and radio as “progressives,” inside the likeness of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson, constituted a select institution of, more often than not, men who had been educated at Yale University and were participants of Skull and Bones. For an, in the end, conspiratorial purpose, the fundamental awareness of the Constitutional Framers, regarding the adoption and renovation of phonics, became devalued at some stage in this time, and most, that is over 70 percentage, of the national electorate, were made to trust that what these, supposedly, discovered twentieth Century guys were spouting approximately instructional studying standards for children changed into based totally upon reality. Therefore, what is extant nowadays, a kingdom of dumbed-down adults, is a sad end result of a conspiracy that labored its evil in increments over a hundred and fifty years to the modern. “See-say” continues to be the primary method for coaching analyzing inside the federally accepted “not unusual-center” system of public training. Though there are numerous private and parochial colleges which have persisted in teaching phonics inside the twentieth and 21st Centuries, the graduates of those faculties make up a very small component, less than 10 percentage, of all of the college youngsters within the USA.

  Most of America’s children, extra than ninety percentage, are and will stay to be, merchandise of the public colleges.

  In end, the reasonable man or woman can definitely see the progression of useless academic standards within the current process of instructing maximum of America’s children. You have the simple schools, which do not train basic reading, writing, and mathematics to properly put together youngsters for their center-school learning experience, and the dumbed-down children that enter center-college from standard faculty aren’t properly prepared for the final 3, or four, years of the excessive faculty. Consequently, middle-school is virtually a remediation of standard college, and high college is, in most cases, a remediation of what ought to had been learned in middle-college. Therefore, 98 percent of the 17-to-18 12 months old youth who acquire excessive school diplomas, aren’t surely receiving commencement certificates for the proper of completion of twelve years of schooling, but, alternatively, for merely attending twelve years of school room enjoy, and graduating on a great deal much less than a twelfth-grade stage. Most seniors in public high faculties are in reality running on a ninth to 10th grade-stage after they stroll throughout the stage to be graduated.

  So, right here we are again at the start of the time frame when ladies and men, 25-to-35 years of age and the graduates of public faculties, begin to suppose that on-line university and university levels are “surely” equivalent to ranges earned through study room attendance in brick and mortar universities; and that what they couldn’t obtain in a study room with their degree of academic practice can be finished outside of a lecture room, at home, before a computer display screen. This is and will remain to be, the mass grand delusion that is the nemesis of American educational superiority.

[jamesgraybooksellerworld]

352J [OLIVIER, Jacques, or Alexis TROUSSET].

A Discourse of Women, shewing their Imperfections alphabetically. Newly translated out of the French into English.

London: printed in the year 1679.           $3,800

12mo (135 × 70 mm), pp. [4], 185, [1], without initial blank leaf. Woodcut headpiece (with snakes) to dedication. Quite dust-stained/browned, closely-cut at foredge, usually resulting merely in a short margin, but just touching text of a handful of leaves towards the opening. Eighteenth-century panelled sprinkled calf with stencilled diapered lozenge to sides, borders in gilt and blind, black floral cornerpieces, spine with large red morocco label and three panels with cinquefoil tools in gilt. Rubbed, joints starting, spine chipped at head and foot. Contemporary purple shelf mark: ‘Lib J.9-no.8-’ An otherwise unrecorded issue of a notorious misogynist satire, Alphabet de l’imperfection et malice des femmes (1617), first published in English in 1662. According to Athenae Oxonienses, the translator was Richard Banke of Lincoln College. It was reprinted in 1672 and 1673 and this is a reissue of unsold sheets of the 1673 edition with a new title, dated but without imprint. All editions are rare. This issue not in Wing (cf. O284A-C for the other edition/ issues). See Felicity Nussbaum, The Brink of all we hate: English Satires on Women, 1660-1750, p. 178n. ESTC Citation No. R22566 Olivier, Jacques. London : printed for Henry Brome, at the Gun in Ivy-lane, M.DCLXII. [1662] Physical descr. [4], 204 p. ; 8⁰. General note Translation of: Olivier, Jacques. Alphabet de l’imperfection et malice des femmes. Leaf pi2r numbered 205. [A]² B-N⁸ O⁶. Wing (CD-ROM, 1996), O284A

Copies – Brit.Isles : British Library, Cambridge University London School of Economics. Copies – N.America\ Folger Shakespeare Huntington Library William Andrews Clark Memorial Library

ESTC Citation No. R229574 Olivier, Jacques. A discourse of women, shewing their imperfections alphabetically. Newly translated out of the French into English. London : printed for R.T. and are to be sold in Little Britain, [1673.] Physical descr. [6], 185, [1] p. ; 12⁰. Copies – Brit.Isles : British Library Oxford University Bodleian Library

Copies – N.America\ Duke University Newberry Yale University

)0(

Bold Poets and rash Painters may aspire With pen and pencill to describe my Faire, Alas; their arts in the performance fayle, And reach not that divine Original, Some Shadd’wy glimpse they may present to view, And this is all poore humane art Can doe▪

346J J.B. Gent.

The young lovers guide,

 or, The unsuccessful amours of Philabius, a country lover; set forth in several kind epistles, writ by him to his beautious-unkind mistress. Teaching lover s how to comport themselves with resignation in their love-disasters. With The answer of Helena to Paris, by a country shepherdess. As also, The sixth Æneid and fourth eclogue of Virgil, both newly translated by J.B. Gent.

London : Printed and are to be Sold by the Booksellers of London, 1699.             $3,500

Octavo,  A4, B-G8,H6 I2( lacking 3&’4) (A1, frontispiece Present;            I3&’4, advertisements  lacking )    inches  [8], 116, [4] p. : The frontispiece is signed: M· Vander Gucht. scul:. 1660-1725,

This copy is bound in original paneled sheep with spine cracking but cords holding Strong.

A very rare slyly misogynistic “guide’ for what turns out be emotional turmoil and Love-Disasters !

Writ by Philabius to Venus, his Planetary Ascendant.

Dear Mother Venus!

I must style you so.

From you descended, tho’ unhappy Beau.

You are my Astral Mother; at my birth

Your pow’rful Influence bore the sway on Earth

From my Ascendent: being sprung from you,

I hop’d Success where-ever I should woo.

Your Pow’r in Heav’n and Earth prevails, shall I,

A Son of yours, by you forsaken die?

Twenty long Months now I have lov’d a Fair,

And all my Courtship’s ending in Despair.

All Earthly Beauties, scatter’d here and there,

From you, their Source, derive the Charms they bear.

Wing (2nd ed.), B131; Arber’s Term cat.; III 142

Copies – Brit.Isles  :  British Library

                  Cambridge University St. John’s College

                  Oxford University, Bodleian Library

Copies – N.America :  Folger Shakespeare

                  Harvard Houghton Library

                  Henry E. Huntington

                  Newberry

                  UCLA, Clark Memorial Library

                  University of Illinois

Engraved frontispiece of the Mistress holding a fan, title within double rule border, 4-pages of publisher`s  advertisements at the end Contemporary calf (worn). . FIRST EDITION. . The author remains unknown. 

)0(

A collection of Poems and Letters by Christian mystic and prolific writer, Jeanne-Marie Guyon published in Dublin.

348J    François de Salignac de la Mothe-Fénelon 1651-1715  & Josiah Martin 1683-1747 & Jeanne Marie Bouvier de La Motte Guyon 1648-1717

A dissertation on pure love, by the Arch-Bishop of Cambray. With an account of the life and writings of the Lady, for whose sake The Archbishop was banish’d from Court: And the grievous Persecution she suffer’d in France for her Religion.  Also Two Letters in French and English, written by one of the Lady’s Maids, during her Confinement in the Castle of Vincennes, where she was Prisoner Eight Years. One of the Letters was writ with a Bit of Stick instead of a Pen, and Soot instead of Ink, to her Brother; the other to a Clergyman. Together with an apologetic preface. Containing divers letters of the Archbishop of Cambray, to the Duke of Burgundy, the present French King’s Father, and other Persons of Distinction. And divers letters of the lady to Persons of Quality, relating to her Religious Principles

Dublin : printed by Isaac Jackson, in Meath-Street, [1739].    $ 4,000

Octavo  7 3/4  x 5  inches       First and only English edition. Bound in Original sheep, with a quite primitive repair to the front board.

Fenélon’s text appears to consist largely of extracts from ’Les oeuvres spirituelles’. The preface, account of Jeanne Marie Guyon etc. is compiled by Josiah Martin. The text of the letters, and poems, is in French and English. This is an Astonishing collection of letters and poems.

“JOSIAH MARTIN,  (1683–1747), quaker, was born near London in 1683. He became a good classical scholar, and is spoken of by Gough, the translator of Madame Guyon’s Life, 1772, as a man whose memory is esteemed for ‘learning, humility, and fervent piety.’ He died unmarried, 18 Dec. 1747, in the parish of St. Andrew’s, Holborn, and was buried in the Friends’ burial-ground, Bunhill Fields. He left the proceeds of his library of four thousand volumes to be divided among nephews and nieces. Joseph Besse [q. v.] was his executor.

Martin’s name is best known in connection with ‘A Letter from one of the People called Quakers to Francis de Voltaire, occasioned by his Remarks on that People in his Letters concerning the English Nation,’ London, 1741. It was twice reprinted, London and Dublin, and translated into French. It is a temperate and scholarly treatise, and was in much favour at the time.

Of his other works the chief are: 1. ‘A Vindication of Women’s Preaching, as well from Holy Scripture and Antient Writings as from the Paraphrase and Notes of the Judicious John Locke, wherein the Observations of B[enjamin] C[oole] on the said Paraphrase . . . and the Arguments in his Book entitled “Reflections,” &c, are fullv considered,’ London, 1717. 2. ‘The Great Case of Tithes truly stated … by Anthony Pearson [q. v.] . . . to which is added a Defence of some other Principles held by the People call’d Quakers . . .,’ London, 1730. 3. ‘A Letter concerning the Origin, Reason, and Foundation of the Law of Tithes in England,’ 1732. He also edited, with an ‘Apologetic Preface,’ comprising more than half the book, and containing many additional letters from Fénelon and Madame Guyon, ‘The Archbishop of Cambray’s Dissertation on Pure Love, with an Account of the Life and Writings of the Lady for whose sake he was banish’d from Court,’ London, 1735.

[Joseph Smith’s Catalogue of Friends’ Books; works quoted above; Life of Madame Guyon, Bristol, 1772, pt. i. errata; registers at Devonshire House; will P.C.C. 58 Strahan, at Somerset House.]

C. F. S.

Fénelon was nominated in February, 1696, Fénelon was consecrated in August of the same year by Bossuet in the chapel of Saint-Cyr. The future of the young prelate looked brilliant, when he fell into deep disgrace.

The cause of Fénelon’s trouble was his connection with Madame Guyon, whom he had met in the society of his friends, the Beauvilliers and the Chevreuses. She was a native of Orléans, which she left when about twenty-eight years old, a widowed mother of three children, to carry on a sort of apostolate of mysticism, under the direction of Père Lacombe, a Barnabite. After many journeys to Geneva, and through Provence and Italy, she set forth her ideas in two works, “Le moyen court et facile de faire oraison” and “Les torrents spirituels”. In exaggerated language characteristic of her visionary mind, she presented a system too evidently founded on the Quietism of Molinos, that had just been condemned by Innocent XI in 1687. There were, however, great divergencies between the two systems. Whereas Molinos made man’s earthly perfection consist in a state of uninterrupted contemplation and love, which would dispense the soul from all active virtue and reduce it to absolute inaction, Madame Guyon rejected with horror the dangerous conclusions of Molinos as to the cessation of the necessity of offering positive resistance to temptation. Indeed, in all her relations with Père Lacombe, as well as with Fénelon, her virtuous life was never called in doubt. Soon after her arrival in Paris she became acquainted with many pious persons of the court and in the city, among them Madame de Maintenon and the Ducs de Beauvilliers and Chevreuse, who introduced her to Fénelon. In turn, he was attracted by her piety, her lofty spirituality, the charm of her personality, and of her books. It was not long, however, before the Bishop of Chartres, in whose diocese Saint-Cyr was, began to unsettle the mind of Madame de Maintenon by questioning the orthodoxy of Madame Guyon’s theories. The latter, thereupon, begged to have her works submitted to an ecclesiastical commission composed of Bossuet, de Noailles, who was then Bishop of Châlons, later Archbishop of Paris, and M. Tronson; superior of-Saint-Sulpice. After an examination which lasted six months, the commission delivered its verdict in thirty-four articles known as the “Articles d’ Issy”, from the place near Paris where the commission sat. These articles, which were signed by Fénelon and the Bishop of Chartres, also by the members of the commission, condemned very briefly Madame Guyon’s ideas, and gave a short exposition of the Catholic teaching on prayer. Madame Guyon submitted to the condemnation, but her teaching spread in England, and Protestants, who have had her books reprinted have always expressed sympathy with her views. Cowper translated some of her hymns into English verse; and her autobiography was translated into English by Thomas Digby (London, 1805) and Thomas Upam (New York, 1848). Her books have been long forgotten in France.

Jeanne Marie Guyon

b. 1648, Montargis, France; d. 1717, Blois, France

A Christian mystic and prolific writer, Jeanne-Marie Guyon advocated a form of spirituality that led to conflict with authorities and incarceration. She was raised in a convent, then married off to a wealthy older man at the age of sixteen. When her husband died in 1676, she embarked on an evangelical mission to convert Protestants to her brand of spirituality, a mild form of quietism, which propounded the notion that through complete passivity (quiet) of the soul, one could become an agent of the divine. Guyon traveled to Geneva, Turin, and Grenoble with her mentor, Friar François Lacombe, at the same time producing several manuscripts: Les torrents spirituels (Spiritual Torrents); an 8,000-page commentary on the Bible; and her most important work, the Moyen court et très facile de faire oraison (The Short and Very Easy Method of Prayer, 1685). Her activities aroused suspicion; she was arrested in 1688 and committed to the convent of the Visitation in Paris, where she began writing an autobiography. Released within a few months, she continued proselytizing, meanwhile attracting several male disciples. In 1695, the Catholic church declared quietism heretical, and Guyon was locked up in the Bastille until 1703. Upon her release, she retired to her son’s estate in Blois. Her writings were published in forty-five volumes from 1712 to 1720.

Her writings began to be published in Holland in 1704, and brought her new admirers. Englishmen and Germans–among them Wettstein and Lord Forbes–visited her at Blois. Through them Madame Guyon’s doctrines became known among Protestants and in that soil took vigorous root. But she did not live to see this unlooked-for diffusion of her writings. She passed away at Blois, at the age of sixty-eight, protesting in her will that she died submissive to the Catholic Church, from which she had never had any intention of separating herself. Her doctrines, like her life, have nevertheless given rise to the widest divergences of opinion. Her published works (the “Moyen court” and the “Règles des assocées à l’Enfance de Jésus”) having been placed on the Index in 1688, and Fénelon’s “Maximes des saints” branded with the condemnation of both the pope and the bishops of France, the Church has thus plainly reprobated Madame Guyon’s doctrines, a reprobation which the extravagance of her language would in itself sufficiently justify. Her strange conduct brought upon her severe censures, in which she could see only manifestations of spite. Evidently, she too often fell short of due reserve and prudence; but after all that can be said in this sense, it must be acknowledged that her morality appears to have given no grounds for serious reproach. Bossuet, who was never indulgent in her regard, could say before the full assembly of the French clergy: “As to the abominations which have been held to be the result of her principles, there was never any question of the horror she testified for them.” It is remarkable, too, that her disciples at the Court of Louis XIV were always persons of great piety and of exemplary life.

On the other hand, Madame Guyon’s warmest partisans after her death were to be found among the Protestants. It was a Dutch Protestant, the pastor Poiret, who began the publication of her works; a Vaudois pietist pastor, Duthoit-Mambrini, continued it. Her “Life” was translated into English and German, and her ideas, long since forgotten in France, have for generations been in favour in Germany, Switzerland, England, and among Methodists in America. ”

EB

P.144 misnumbered 134. Price from imprint: price a British Half-Crown.  Dissertain 16p and Directions for a holy life 5p. DNB includes this in Martin’s works

Copies – Brit.Isles.  :                                                                                                                                                          British Library,                                                                                                                                                                    Dublin City Library,                                                                                                                                                      National Library of Ireland                                                                                                                                              Trinity College Library

Copies – N.America. :                                                                                                                                                           Bates College,                                                                                                                                                                     Harvard University,                                                                                                                                                                            Haverford Col ,                                                                                                                                                                   Library Company of Philadelphia,                                                                                                                        Newberry,                                                                                                                                                                         Pittsburgh Theological                                                                                                                                               Princeton University,                                                                                                                                                   University of Illinois                                                                                                                                                     University of Toronto, Library

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331J Theophilis Polwheile

Aὐθέντης, Authentēs. Or A treatise of self-deniall. Wherein the necessity and excellency of it is demonstrated; with several directions for the practice of it. By Theophilus Polwheile, M.A. sometimes of Emmanuel Colledge in Cambridge, now teacher of the Church at Teverton in Devon.

  London: printed for Thomas Johnson, and are to be sold at the Golden-Key in St. Pauls Church-yard, 1659   $1,200

Octavo Full 18/19th century calf . Signed by B Fuller.    Like the Anatomy of Melancholy Polwheile  takes an enclyopedic view of Self denial in all sorts of literature.  was a minister based mainly in Tiverton; the year after this was published, in the Restoration of 1660, he was ejected from his ministerial position for his religious views and for his sympathies with the Independents, who advocated for local control and for a certain freedom of religion for those who were not Catholic; because of this, he was often in trouble until the Declaration of Indulgence by James II in 1687, establishing freedom of religion in England (James II being Catholic)

“Some think Orthodox and right opinions to be a plea for a loose life, whereas there is no Ill course of life, But springs from some false opinions.” Also Some very interesting subjects “Madness, the reason why so many men of great parts and learning are smitten with it”

“There are Time-servers and Man-pleasers”.  There is no surprise that this is rare, I bet lots of copies were thrown out?   Two US copies in the US.

  Wing (2nd ed.), P2782; Thomason; E.1733[1].

Copies – N.America  :General Theological Seminary & Union Theological Seminary…

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362J James FISHER and [Martha HATFIELD].

The wise virgin: or, A wonderfull narration of the various dispensations of God towards a childe of eleven years of age; wherein as his severity hath appeared in afflicting, so also his goodness both in enabling her (when stricken dumb, deaf, and blind, through the prevalency of her disease) at several times to utter many glorious truths concerning Christ, faith, and other subjects; and also in recovering her without the use of any external means, lest the glory should be given to any other. To the wonderment of many that came far and neer to see and hear her. With some observations in the fourth year since her recovery. She is the daughter of Mr. Anthony Hatfield gentleman, in Laughton in York-shire; her name is Martha Hatfield. The third edition enlarged, with some passages of her gracious conversation now in the time of health. By James Fisher, servant of Christ, and minister of the Gospel in Sheffield.

LONDON: Printed for John Rothwell, at the Fountain, in Cheap-side. 1656 $3,300 Octavo, 143 x 97 x 23 mm (binding), 139 x 94 x 18 mm (text block). A-M8, N3. Lacks A1, blank or portrait? [26], 170 pp. Bound in contemporary calf, upper board reattached, somewhat later marbled and blank ends. Leather rubbed with minor loss to extremities. Interior: Title stained, leaves soiled, gathering N browned, long vertical tear to E2 without loss, tail fore-corner of F8 torn away, with loss of a letter, side notes of B2v trimmed. This is a remarkable survival of the third edition of the popular interregnum account of Sheffield Presbyterian minister James Fisher’s 11-year-old niece Martha Hatfield’s prophetic dialogues following her recovery from a devastating catalepsy that had left her “dumb, deaf, and blind.” Mar tha’s disease, which defies modern retro-diagnostics, was at the time characterized as “spleenwinde,” a term even the Oxford English Dictionary has overlooked. Her sufferings were as variable as they were extraordinary the young girl at one point endured a 17-day fugue state during which her eyes remained open and fixed and she gnashed her teeth to the breaking point. In counterpoise to the horrors of her infirmity, her utterances in periods of remission and upon recovery were of great purity and sweetness; it is this stark contrast that was, and is, the persistent allure of this little book. The Wise Virgin appeared five times between 1653 and 1665; some editions have a portrait frontispiece, and it is entirely possible that the present third edition should have one at A1v, though the copy scanned by Early English Books Online does not. Copies located at Yale, and at Oxford (from which the EEBO copy was made). Wing F1006.

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257J Jacques Ferrand

Εροτομανια Or A Treatise Discoursing of the Essence, Causes, Symptomes, Prognosticks, and Cure of Love, or EROTIQUE MELANCHOLY.

Oxford: by L. Lichfield to be sold by Edward Forrest, 1640 $6,900.

Octavo a-b8, c4, A-Y8, Z6 (First English edition.

Bound in nineteenth century English gilt tooled sheep. Ferrand approaches the medical afflictions produced by intense love. In addition to confronting the medical symptoms, Ferrand also describes the psychiatric symptoms.

Includes chapters,  Whether Love-Melancholy be an Hereditary disease, or no. Whether or no by Physiognomy and Chiromancy a man may know one to be inclined to Love, and Chirurgicall Remedies, for the Prevention of Love, and erotique Melancholy. Of the psychiatric nature the doctor includes the chapters, Whether or no by Oniromancy, or the Interpretation of Dreames, one may know those that are in love, Whether or no, a Physitian may by his Art find out Love, without confession of the Patient, and Of Melancholy, and its several kinds. Other chapters discuss astrology, external and internal symptoms, medicinal, methodical, empirical, and pharmaceutical remedies of love

Melancholy. STC 10829; Hunter & Macalpine, p. 118; NUC NF 0098305, ICU, CtY, PPL, CLSU, DFo, ICN, OU, DLC, CSmH, MH.

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    A Discourse of Women, 2) The young lovers guide, 3)A dissertation on pure love, 4) A treatise of self-deniall, 5) The wise virgin, 6) A Treatise Discoursing the Cure of Erotique Melancholy. 352J . A Discourse of Women, shewing their Imperfections alphabetically. Newly translated out of the French into English.