#and i used academic articles and official statistics websites

[kanakori]

typing up a heated reply to an argument online, taking a deep breath and deleting it before posting because i remember im 21 years old and none of this matters

[ghostflowerdreams]

List of Research Resources

Research resources are usually thought of as primary sources and secondary sources.

Primary sources are firsthand accounts of actual events written by an eyewitness, either at the time it occurred or even well after, as in memoirs and oral histories. They may also be letters, official records, interviews, photographs, video, survey results, or unanalyzed statistical data. These sources contain raw data and information, such as the original work of art, fiction or music; or immediate impressions.

Secondary sources, on the other hand, are works that analyze, assess or interpret an historical event, era, or phenomenon, generally utilizing primary sources to do so. They often offer a review or a critique. Secondary sources can include books, journal articles, speeches, reviews, research reports, magazines, newspapers, and more.

Down below is a list of research resources for not only academics, but writers too. There’s so many out there that I know I won’t be able to list them all, but I do hope that what’s already on here can help you in some way.

Google -- can be a good resource for research, if it is used effectively.

There are specific techniques that you can use such as the quotation marks to help you narrow the focus of a search. For example, if you use chocolate pudding as your keywords Google shows you over 334 million results. If you enter "chocolate pudding" using quotation marks you will get about 5 million results.

If you add a minus sign, which is this - in front of the word (or words) you don't want your search results to include, Google will not include any content that matches this word in its results. Let's say you want results for "Michelle Williams" but you don't want results for the actress.

Because there are two famous Michelle Williams, one is an actress who played Jen Lindley on Dawson's Creek and the other is the former Destiny's Child singer. So if you use the - minus sign it will help you narrow and refined your search such as "Michelle Williams” -actress -actor OR you can do “Michelle Williams” -actress -actor +singer to be more specific.

The asterisk, which is this * acts like a wildcard in a search. This is useful if do not know part of a phrase. For example: * ate the canary OR shadow and * by * for when you don’t know the title of a book and/or the author. Google will fill in the blanks and match it with any phrase or word that’s relevant.

By using “site:” (without the quotations marks) then typing a website’s address, you can limit your search to results from only that website or source. This tip is especially helpful when you're looking for a page on a website that doesn't have its own search function. For example: You want to see whether a specific source, like the Time Out magazine, has covered a particular topic, like cat cafes. In this case, you'd type something like this → site:www.timeout.com cat cafe into Google and you’ll get results of any articles that mention “cat cafe”.

Another way to use this trick, but for broader results, is to restrict your search to a type of source, like academic institutions "edu" or nonprofit organizations "org". Simply follow the "site:" (without the quotations marks) with "org" or "edu," then your search terms. This is especially helpful when looking for more credible or research-backed information. Lets say you only want research and articles on Victorian medicine then your Google search should be something like → site:edu “Victorian” medicine

RefSeek -- is a web search engine for students and researchers that aims to make academic information easily accessible to everyone. It searches more than five billion documents, including web pages, books, encyclopedias, journals, and newspapers.

Infoplease -- is a free, authoritative, and respected reference for Internet users that provides a comprehensive encyclopedia, atlas, dictionary, and several almanacs loaded with statistics, facts, and historical records.

FindArticles -- is a CBS Interactive portal that lets you find articles about any topic, by searching in their network of news and technology sites.

Wolfram|Alpha: Computational Intelligence -- is a computational knowledge engine and answer engine developed by Wolfram Research. It answers factual queries directly by computing the answer from externally sourced data.

Encyclopedia Britannica | Britannica -- is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia which is now published exclusively as an online encyclopaedia. It is a fully searchable and browsable collection of articles, biographies, videos and so on. It is best suited to provide background information rather than in-depth analysis.

Encyclopedia Mythica -- is a online encyclopedia containing information on mythology, folklore, legends, and more. Contains thousands of articles about deities and beings from all corners of the world, and new articles are added frequently. The information in the encyclopedia has been compiled from a great number of different and unique sources (books, journals and publications, oral traditions, etc.) into one, easily accessible website.

Mythopedia -- is made up of experts, scholars and researchers with backgrounds in ancient history, comparative mythology, religious studies, and related disciplines, united by a penchant for mythology, research and superlative writing. It’s a resource that allows you to explore mythology from all over the world. Included are Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Chinese, Norse, Japanese, Celtic and Aztec.

Oxford Research Encyclopedias -- is a digital encyclopedia, containing peer-reviewed trustworthy research that’s continuously updated by the world's leading scholars and researchers.

Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) -- is an international effort, led by the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History, to raise awareness and understanding of living nature by providing free, open, multilingual, digital access to trusted information on all known species.

DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals -- is a website that hosts a community-curated list that indexes and provides open access of high quality, peer-reviewed journals covering all scientific and scholarly subjects. It’s maintained by Infrastructure Services for Open Access.

Trove -- is an Australian online library database aggregator and service which includes full text documents, digital images, bibliographic and holdings data of items which are not available digitally, and a free faceted-search engine as a discovery tool.

Internet Archive -- is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications, games, music, movies, videos, moving images, and millions of books.

They also have the Wayback Machine, which lets you see webpages as they looked at a particular time. Such as when you want to view a unedited, old or deleted articles, blog posts, fanfiction, etc.

Google Scholar -- is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats, disciplines and resources. If the paper you want is behind a paywall, then definitely go check on Sci-Hub for it.

Sci-Hub -- is a shadow library website that provides free access to millions of research papers and books, without regard to copyright, by bypassing publishers' paywalls in various ways.

PLOS -- is a nonprofit open-access science, technology, and medicine publisher with a library of open-access journals and other scientific literature under an open-content license.

Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) -- is one of the world's most voluminous search engines especially for academic web resources. BASE provides more than 240 million documents from more than 8,000 content providers. You can access the full texts of about 60% of the indexed documents for free. BASE is operated by Bielefeld University Library.

WorldCat.org: The World's Largest Library Catalog -- is a union catalog that itemizes the collections of 15,637 libraries in 107 countries that participate in the OCLC global cooperative. It includes books, periodicals, archives and manuscripts, maps, films, online resources, and other materials.

HathiTrust -- is a not-for-profit collaborative of academic and research libraries preserving 17+ million digitized items. HathiTrust offers reading access to the fullest extent allowable by U.S. copyright law, computational access to the entire corpus for scholarly research, and other emerging services based on the combined collection.

ArchiveGrid -- is a collection of over five million archival material descriptions, including MARC records from WorldCat and finding aids harvested from the web. It contains archival collections held by thousands of libraries, museums, historical societies, and archives.

Oregon Historical Society Digital Collections -- is a non-profit organization that provides online public access to a rich variety of materials from the OHS Research Library collections, including items from their manuscript, photograph, film, and oral history collections.

NCBI (The National Center for Biotechnology Information) -- is part of the United States National Library of Medicine, a branch of the National Institutes of Health. It is a leading source for public biomedical databases, software tools for analyzing molecular and genomic data, and research in computational biology. NCBI creates and maintains over 40 integrated databases for the medical and scientific communities as well as the general public.

PubMed -- is a free search engine accessing primarily the MEDLINE database of references and abstracts on life sciences and biomedical topics. The United States National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health maintain the database as part of the Entrez system of information retrieval.

MedlinePlus -- is an online information service produced by the United States National Library of Medicine. The service provides curated consumer health information in English and Spanish with select content in additional languages.

AllPsych -- is one stop psychology website with hundreds of articles, free online texts, APA Approved CEs, Positive Psychology & CBT Self-Help, and more.

APADictionary of Psychology -- is an online psychology dictionary from the American Psychological Association (APA). It contains over 25,000 entries from 90 subfields of psychology.

Psychology Today -- is a mental health magazine with a focus on psychology and human behavior. It includes free access to content written by clinicians, experts and researchers from across the fields of behavior and psychology. The site includes a Diagnosis Dictionary, which is a comprehensive guide to diagnosable conditions; hundreds of commonly used and need-to-know psychology Basics, a full overview of Therapy Types, and comprehensive content Centers dedicated to subjects from ADHD to Parenting.

Simply Psychology -- is a collection of freely accessible psychology articles, videos, and demonstrations geared toward helping undergraduate psychology students gain a basic understanding of the field. Each topic article also provides links to relevant journals and academic studies, related research and topics, to provide a wealth of additional information to aid learning.

Medical Heritage Library -- is a collaborative digitization and discovery organization committed to providing open access resources in the history of healthcare and the health sciences. They have a collection of digitized medical rare books, pamphlets, journals, and films number in the tens of thousands, with representative works from each of the past six centuries.

National Library of Medicine (NLM): Digital Collections -- all of the content in this collection is freely available worldwide and, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. It covers the areas of biomedicine, health care and the history of medicine.

Pew Research Center -- is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research.

Surveys of Consumers -- it requires registration, but the Surveys of Consumers is conducted by the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan. The purpose of these surveys is to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why these changes occur, to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases, and to forecast changes in aggregate consumer behavior.

The National Academies Press (NAP) -- was created to publish the reports issued by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and the National Research Council. They provide authoritative, independently-researched information in all areas and they offer more than 8,500 titles in PDF format. Almost all of these PDFs can be downloaded for free by the chapter or the entire book.

Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) -- is a US project aimed at providing public access to digital holdings in order to create a large-scale public digital library. It contains millions of photographs, manuscripts, books, sounds, moving images, and more from libraries, archives, and museums across the United States.

Digital Collections -- is the University of Southern Mississippi Libraries’ containing quality digital collections of texts, images, and audio materials.

Library of Congress -- is the research library with millions of books, recordings, photographs, newspapers, maps and manuscripts in its collections. The Library is the main research arm of the U.S. Congress and the home of the U.S. Copyright Office. It is the oldest federal cultural institution in the country.

United States Census Bureau -- is the main source of data about the nation’s people and economy. Every 10 years, it conducts the Population and Housing Census, in which every resident in the United States is counted. The agency also gathers data through more than 100 other surveys of households and businesses every one to five years. You can explore the results of the surveys or find popular quick facts. Besides using census data for the benefit of public services, you can also use it for genealogical research.

U.S. Data and Statistics -- is an interagency product administered by USAGov (formerly the Federal Citizen Information Center), a division of the U.S. General Services Administration's Technology Transformation Service. You can find data about the U.S., such as demographic and economic data, population, and maps.

The World Factbook -- is also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. It provides a two- to three-page summary of the demographics, geography, communications, government, economy, and military of each of 267 international entities including U.S.-recognized countries, dependencies, and other areas in the world.

Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) -- is an internet-based digital library of education research and information sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. ERIC provides access to bibliographic records of journal and non-journal literature from 1966 to the present.

Database of International Business Statistics (DIBS) -- is created by the International Business Center and the Eli Broad College of Business at Michigan State University (IBC), globalEDGE. It is a knowledge web-portal that connects international business professionals worldwide to a wealth of information, insights, and learning resources on global business activities.

It contains over 5,000 variables from over 200 countries to aid in international business research. Access to the data requires free registration and is intended only for academic use by students, faculty, and researchers of educational or government institutions.

World Bank Open Data -- is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. It provides a listing of free and open access to World Bank datasets, including databases, pre-formatted tables, reports, and other resources.

Data & Statistics -- contains data and statistics topics, tools, and related organizations at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

General Social Survey (GSS) -- is a nationally representative survey of adults in the United States conducted since 1972. The GSS collects data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends in opinions, attitudes and behaviors. The GSS aims to make high-quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, policy-makers, and others, with minimal cost and waiting.

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) -- is a source of authoritative data on alcohol epidemiology for researchers and the general public.

National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA) -- is an office of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), and is responsible for providing a wide range of analytical and statistical support to NHTSA and the highway safety community at large. In addition to its own data input sources NCSA uses data from other governmental agencies, as well as crash files from a number of states, to support analytical activities.

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) -- is the primary federal entity for collecting and analyzing data related to education in the U.S. and other nations. NCES is located within the U.S. Department of Education and the Institute of Education Sciences.

Digital History -- is a site designed and developed to support the teaching of American History in K-12 schools and colleges and is supported by the College of Education at the University of Houston.

The site also contains resource guides for historical eras and topics. Each includes a historical overview, links to the relevant Digital History textbook chapters, bibliographies, classroom handouts, charts, chronologies, film guides, historic newspaper articles, primary source documents, lesson plans, historic maps, music, cartoons, quizzes, and images.

New York Public Library Picture Collection Online -- contains 30,000 images of New York City, costume, design, U.S. history, etc. from books, magazines and newspapers, as well as original photographs, prints and postcards, mostly created before 1923.

Europeana -- is a web portal created by the European Union containing digitized cultural heritage collections of more than 3,000 institutions across Europe.

Digita Vaticana -- is a non-profit organization established to raise funds to support the digitization project of more than 80,000 manuscripts of the Vatican Apostolic Library. They’re all available to view free of charge.

Internet Sacred Text Archive (ISTA) -- is a freely available archive of electronic texts about religion, mythology, legends and folklore, and occult and esoteric topics. Texts are presented in English translation and, where possible, in the original language.

Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA) -- provides free access to the most authoritative religion statistics, data and church membership reports from around the world, including Christian statistics and adherents data.

Religious Institute -- is a multi-faith organization dedicated to advocating for sexual health, education, and justice in faith communities and society. More than 6,400 clergy, seminary presidents and deans, religious scholars and other religious leaders representing more than 70 faith traditions are part of the Religious Institute’s national network.

American Academy of Religion (AAR) -- is a professional association of teachers and research scholars, dedicated to furthering knowledge of religion and religious institutions in all their forms and manifestations. Includes useful tools such as course syllabi, online articles, and various teaching resources.

Digital Occult Library -- is hosted by the City University of New York (CUNY) Commons. It is an online, academic social network for everyone, not just those registered on the Commons. It features (in this iteration) twenty-five unique pages with information on and discussion of occult and esoteric topics.

The purpose of the site is to inform three types of interested parties on the highlighted topics: a general audience with no current knowledge of the occult, practitioners of esoteric traditions, and academics. Not only is the site meant to inform, it is a means by which the three groups may interact and discuss the topic to everyone's mutual benefit.

Special Collections & University Archives (SCUA) -- at San Diego State University, their Special Collections & University Archives houses rare, fine, unique, and valuable books, periodicals, manuscripts, and documents. They also have other valuable historical items such as photographs, prints, postcards, memorabilia, scrapbooks, and oral histories. Even sources documenting the history of San Diego State since its founding as a Normal School in 1897.

But its strength is in the occult, magic, and witchcraft-related materials. They have a solid collection of herbals or materia medica as well as witch hunting treatises. They also have numerous materials from the Occult Revival, including spellbooks, as well as tons of pop culture in which the occult is prominently featured.

Cornell University Witchcraft Collection -- is a part of Cornell University Library’s Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell’s Witchcraft Collection contains over 3,000 titles documenting the history of the Inquisition and the persecution of witchcraft, primarily in Europe.

The majority of the Witchcraft Collection was acquired in the 1880s through the collaborative efforts of Andrew Dickson White, Cornell’s first President, and his first librarian, George Lincoln Burr. The collection documents the earliest and the latest manifestations of the belief in witchcraft as well as its geographical boundaries, and elaborates this history with works on canon law, the Inquisition, torture, demonology, trial testimony, and narratives. The collection focuses on witchcraft not as folklore or anthropology, but as theology and as religious heresy.

It features many early texts from the period when the theory of the heresy of witchcraft was being formulated, including fourteen Latin editions of the Malleus maleficarum, which codified church dogma on heresy.

Salem Witch Trials Documentary Archive and Transcription Project -- from the University of Virginia, the material presented in the Salem Witch Trials Documentary Archive is provided freely for non-commercial educational purposes. All other uses require advance permission from the project originators.

Culinary Institute of America (CIA): Archives and Special Collections -- is housed in the Conrad N. Hilton Library. It collects materials related to culinary and food history to further culinary education and research. They have over 30,000 historical menus, culinary-related rare books, historical recipe pamphlets, and much more.

Open Folklore -- is a partnership of the American Folklore Society and the Indiana University Bloomington Libraries. It is a scholarly communications effort to make a greater number and variety of useful resources available to folklorists. You can search through journals, books, websites and gray literature on folklore.

Theoi Project: Guide to Greek Mythology -- it was created by Aaron J. Atsma from Aukland, New Zealond, with help from the libraries of the University of Aukland and Leiden University in the Netherlands.

It is a comprehensive site exploring Greek mythology and the gods in classical literature and art. The aim of the project is to provide a free reference guide to the gods (theoi), spirits (daimones), fabulous creatures (theres) and heroes of ancient Greek mythology and religion.

The Perseus Digital Library -- is a digital library project of Tufts University, which assembles digital collections of humanities resources. It covers the history, literature and culture of the Greco-Roman world.

Papyri.info -- is produced by the Duke Collaboratory for Classics Computing & the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World and has two primary components.

The Papyrological Navigator (PN) supports searching, browsing, and aggregation of ancient papyrological documents and related materials; the Papyrological Editor (PE) enables multi-author, version controlled, peer reviewed scholarly curation of papyrological texts, translations, commentary, scholarly metadata, institutional catalog records, bibliography, and images.

Osirisnet -- is a great source for richly illustrated images and information on tombs throughout Egypt. It is constantly updated and “one of the websites "recommended for Egyptology research" by Professor Khaled el-Enany, former Director of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, Minister of Antiquities of Egypt.

Research Animal Resources (RAR) -- provides the University of Minnesota research community with animal care, procurement services, veterinary knowledge, and maintenance of housing facilities for animal-related research activities.

FamilySearch -- is a non-profit organization and website offering genealogical records, education, and software. It is operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and is closely connected with the church's Family History Department. It is free of charge to everyone, regardless of tradition, culture, or religious affiliation.

MyHeritage -- is an online genealogy platform with web, mobile, and software products and services, introduced by the Israeli company MyHeritage. Users of the platform can obtain their family trees, upload and browse through photos, and search through over 14 billion historical records; birth, marriage and death records. This is all available with the 14-day free trial. Use it free for two weeks and cancel if it’s not for you.

Allen County Public Library -- is a public library system located in Fort Wayne, Allen County, Indiana, United States. Its Genealogy Center is a unique and valuable resource for the Northeastern Indiana community and the entire genealogical community at large. They have one of the largest research collections available, incorporating records from around the world.

Ancestry Free Indexes -- is an American genealogy company based in Lehi, Utah. It’s the largest for-profit genealogy company in the world, containing a network of genealogical, historical records, and related genetic genealogy websites.

The problem is that many of these genealogy sites required a subscription if you want to do a search. But not everything on Ancestry.com is behind a paywall. It does has a number of free collections which include census records, immigration records, military records, prison records, wills, biographies, and a large number of Jewish records from eastern Europe. There’s a good representation of international records, as well as those from the United States.

Ellis Island -- the passenger lists can be a great resource for your research and through this website, you can explore the history of Ellis Island. You’ll also get tips on genealogy research, and be able to search the 65 million Ellis Island database entries for your immigrant ancestors.

Castle Garden -- before Ellis Island, Castle Garden was the main immigration processing center in New York. This is a free database developed and funded by The Battery Conservancy. It contains and makes available eleven million records of immigrants who arrived at the Port of New York from 1820 - 1892.

The results may include information such as the ship they arrived on, the person’s age, birthplace, origin, destination, and who paid for their passage.

Fulton History -- is a historic newspaper website that contains archives of over 1,000 New York newspapers, along with collections from other states and Canada. You can browse the folders of digitized documents or search for specific words and phrases on the search page. As of February 2018, the site had almost 50 million scanned newspaper pages.

Reclaim the Records -- is a not-for-profit activist group of genealogists, historians, researchers, and open government advocates. They identifies information that should be in the public domain but has been wrongly restricted by government archives, libraries, and agencies that holds it.

They file Freedom of Information and Open Data requests to get that public data released back to the public. And if the government doesn’t comply, they take them to court. Then they digitize everything they win and put it all online for free, without any paywalls or usage restrictions, so that it can never be locked up again.

Perry-Castaneda Library Map Collection -- is an extensive map collection owned by the Perry–Castañeda Library at The University of Texas at Austin. There’s more than 250,000 maps in the collection and most of these maps are public domain. The website is archived as of 2021 and no longer being updated, but is still available online for everyone to access.

David Rumsey Historical Map Collection -- David Rumsey is an American map collector and the founder of the collection which can be found at Stanford University. It contains more than 150,000 maps. The collection focuses on rare 16th through 21st century maps of North and South America, as well as maps of the World, Asia, Africa, Europe, and Oceania.

The collection includes atlases, globes, wall maps, school geographies, pocket maps, books of exploration, maritime charts, and a variety of cartographic materials including pocket, wall, children's, and manuscript maps. Items range in date from around 1550 to the present.

Duke University Libraries Digital Collections -- has a Digital Repository which has a collection of about 600 advertising items and publications dating from 1850 to 1920, illustrating the rise of consumer culture and the birth of a professionalized advertising industry in the United States.

Vintage Ad Browser -- is a site that aims to collect vintage ads from a variety of sources, from the late 19th century to the present: browse through categories from alcohol, guns and tobacco to computers, perfume and propaganda.

Project Gutenberg -- is a non-profit organization that maintains an electronic library of public domain works that have been digitized, or converted into e-books, by volunteers and archived for free download from the organization’s website.

Documenting the American South (DocSouth) -- is a digital publishing initiative sponsored by the University Library at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, provides access to digitized primary materials such as texts, images, and audio files related to southern history, literature, and culture. Currently DocSouth includes sixteen thematic collections of books, diaries, posters, artifacts, letters, oral history interviews, and songs.

Vietnam Center & Sam Johnson Vietnam Archive (VNCA) -- is a part of Texas Tech University, and is the nation's largest and most comprehensive collection of information on the Vietnam War. The site has over 2.7 million pages of scanned materials including documents, photographs, slides, negatives, oral histories, artifacts, moving images, sound recordings, maps, and collection finding aids.

Studies in Scarlet: Marriage and Sexuality in the U.S. & U.K., 1815-1914 -- is drawn from the Harvard Law School Library’s extensive trial collections, Studies in Scarlet features over 420 trial narratives involving the crimes and passions of both renowned and ordinary people. It includes American, British, and Irish cases from 1815 to 1914 involving domestic violence, bigamy, seduction, breach of promise to marry, child custody, rape, and murder.

British Pathé -- is the world's leading multimedia resource with a history stretching back over a century. The entire archive, which is a treasure trove of 85,000 films (and spanning the years from 1896 to 1978) is available to view online for free on their website and YouTube.

Victoriana Magazine -- is a magazine for Victorian and 19th century style living. It’s a greatly illustrated web site featuring an extensive collection of articles and period resources for the Victorian enthusiast covering a wide range of topics from a British Queen’s wardrobe to Victorian corsets, from funeral customs to Victorian calling-card etiquette, from historical architecture to Victorian gardens.

VictorianVoices -- is the web's largest topical archive of articles from Victorian periodicals - a veritable online encyclopedia of Victorian life, featuring over 12,000 articles from hundreds of Victorian-era magazines from Britain and America.

Colonial America -- is a digitized collection of all 1,450 volumes of the CO 5 series of Colonial Office files held at The National Archives of the United Kingdom in London, plus all extracted documents associated with them. It covers the period 1606 to 1822. It also consists of the original correspondence between the British government and the governments of the American colonies.

Frontier Life: Borderlands, Settlement & Colonial Encounters -- is a collection of digitized primary sources documenting the various frontiers that arose from the movements of Europeans to Africa, Australasia and North America. Document types include correspondence, diaries, government papers, business records, land transactions, legal documents, speeches, books and pamphlets. The earliest documents are from the seventeenth century and the latest the mid-point of the twentieth century.

Snopes -- is formerly known as the Urban Legends Reference Pages, is a fact-checking website. It has been described as a "well-regarded reference for sorting out myths and rumors" on the Internet. They always link to and document their sources so readers are empowered to do independent research and make up their own minds.

ORBIS: The Stanford Geospatial Network Model of the Roman World -- is the first interactive geospatial network model of the ancient Roman world. It simulates the time and financial expense associated with a wide range of different types of travel in antiquity. The model is based on a simplified version of the giant network of cities, roads, rivers and sea lanes that framed movement across the Roman Empire. It broadly reflects conditions around 200 CE but also covers a few sites and roads created in late antiquity. It’s a unique resource for our understanding of premodern history.

RhymeZone -- is an app and website owned and operated by Datamuse that allows the user to search for rhymes, synonyms and definitions. It’s very useful when it comes to writing poetry, song lyrics, greeting cards, witticisms, etc.

Human Mortality Database (HMD) -- it provides detailed mortality and population data to researchers, students, journalists, policy analysts, and others interested in the history of human longevity.

Biography -- is a free and semi-authoritative source of biographical information, photos and videos on over 25,0000 individuals maintained and distributed by the A&E Television Networks and The Biography Channel. Contains biographical information on over 25,000 individuals from the past and present.

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) -- is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and space research.

Ask A Biologist -- is a pre-kindergarten through high school program dedicated to answering questions from students, their teachers, and parents. The primary focus of the program is to connect students and teachers with working scientists through a question and answer Web e-mail form. It is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and National Science Digital Library (NSDL). It is also an academic unit of The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences of the Arizona State University.

Ask An Anthropologist -- is another educational resource for students, teachers, parents, and life-long learners from the Arizona State University. In which you can ask an anthropologist a question and get a answer.

Ask An Astrophysicist -- is a service of the Imagine the Universe! web site from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). They are a small group of volunteers who work on space-based astronomical observations, including cosmic-ray, gamma-ray, and X-ray astrophysics. Their research subjects are often exotic, like black holes, dark matter, and the origin of the universe.

Please consult the archive first to see if your question has already been answered. They attempt to answer as many questions as possible, but they are a small group of volunteers and cannot afford the time to answer all the incoming questions.

Ask A Lunar Scientist -- is a service by The Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute, originally the NASA Lunar Science Institute, to answer questions from the public about lunar science. But first search their database of previous Questions and Answers to see if your question has already been answered.

Ask a Physicist -- is a service of the Heliophysics Science Division at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). They strive to provide complete, understandable answers to questions about cosmic and heliospheric science and to encourage all to explore the many varied facets of scientific study.

First read through the answers to previous questions before you ask them a question.

Ask Astro -- is a monthly American magazine about astronomy. Targeting amateur astronomers, it contains columns on sky viewing, reader-submitted astrophotographs, and articles on astronomy and astrophysics for general readers. You can search their archive of questions to see if anyone has already asked your question or submit your own question, which they may answer in the next issue of the magazine.

Ask A Marine Biologist -- is the leading magazine for scuba diving enthusiasts, and an official publication of the Professional Association of Diving Instructors (PADI). They have a monthly column where Dr. David Shiffman answers your questions about the underwater world. Topics are chosen from reader-submitted queries as well as data from common internet searches. Check there first to see if your question has already been answered. If not, you can ask and see if it might appear in the next column.

Ask A Doctor -- is the first tech-forward provider of learning assessments and support services for students with learning differences. If you’ve got a question (especially about learning differences, support options, accreditations, or anything else care-related) then you’ll get a response from a actual doctor.

Ask A Firefighter -- St. Tammany Fire District #12 is located in the U.S. state of Louisiana, in the city of Covington. If you have any firefighter questions you can contact them, but first check their FAQ to see if it has already been answered.

Ask A Firefighter -- Adams County Fire Rescue (ACFR) provides fire and emergency services to the communities of Adams County, Colorado in U.S. and is dedicated to providing quality, timely, and professional emergency services to those who live in, work in, and drive through their district. If you’ve a question that only a firefighter can answer, then submit it and a ACFR firefighter will answer it.

Ask a Firefighter or Paramedic -- is the San Diego Fire-Rescue Department (SDFD) which provides fire protection and emergency medical services to the city of San Diego, California, United States. If you have a question for a firefighter or a paramedic they’ll answer it.

Ask a Librarian -- from the Library of Congress has a section where you can ask their librarians and program specialists questions or for their assistance. There’s a ‘ask a general question’ tab or browse their FAQs tab to see if your question has already been answered.

Ask A Law Librarian -- from The Trial Court Law Libraries of Massachusetts in the United States, provide public access to legal information with books, databases and web resources. They know that sometimes you need a little help finding just the right source of information or learning how to use it, so they offer several ways for you to ask a question.

Ask A Librarian -- is from the Indiana State Library. They accept reference and research questions via Ask-a-Librarian, Live Chat, telephone, and mail. Questions may be submitted via Ask-a-Librarian at any time and will be answered within two business days.

Ask A Scientist -- is from the Journal of Emerging Investigators (JEI), which is an open-access journal that publishes original research in the biological and physical sciences that is written by middle and high school students. JEI is also a non-profit organization run and operated by graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and professors across the United States.

Their Ask A Scientist offers an opportunity to correspond with a scientist pen pal to answer all of your questions. Simply fill out the form, and they will match you with a scientist who can help get your experiment off the ground and ready for publication.

Ask A Therapist -- is from IDONTMIND, which is an official program of Mental Health America, the nation's leading community-based non-profit dedicated to promoting the overall mental health of everyone.

Ask A Therapist is an ongoing collection of your mental health questions answered by real therapists. It’s an opportunity to better understand yourself and your mental health in a new way and to get on a path to healing.

Scroll through their questions and answers. If you don’t see what you’re looking for, submit your own question. Remember, this is meant to be a resource and is not a replacement for treatment.

Ask A Nurse -- is a free service offered by the Santa Barbara City College (SBCC) Health Services.

Medical questions are answered by e-mail during normal Health Services operating hours. Answers to questions submitted during the weekend may take up to 72 hours. The Health Services nurse may suggest an alternate source for your answer depending on the nature of the question.

Information you receive in answer to your question is intended solely for general educational purposes and is not intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice regarding a specific medical condition or question.

Ask a Genealogist -- American Ancestors/New England Historic Genealogical Society (NEHGS) is the oldest and largest genealogical society in the United States, founded in 1845. NEHGS provides family history services through its staff, original scholarship, website, educational opportunities, and research center.

You can ask their experts any questions about genealogy and local history. Just make sure to catch them when their service is available, which you can tell when the chat icon pops up in the lower right-hand corner of the page. Enter your question or message in the chat box and one of their genealogists will respond.

Ask A Geologist -- from the Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences at Appalachian State University.

They will answer questions that you might have about the natural environment around you - rocks, minerals, fossils, landslides, earthquakes, water quality, fracking, climate... they have expertise in all fields of earth science.

Ask-a-Geologist is a service they provide to the community free of charge, but please be aware that administering this program is not their department's primary mission.

Ask A Mortician -- is a Youtube video series created and hosted by Caitlin Doughty, a licensed funeral director and eco-friendly mortician in Los Angeles, California. You can check out her videos to see if she has already answered any questions you have about death, dying, decomposition, mourning, funeral customs and so on.

In addition, visit her website The Order of the Good Death, a non-profit death acceptance organization that aims to help people overcome their fear of death. They have a list of resources to guide you through hard subjects like talking about death, planning for your death or the death of a loved one (including your pets), and to help you navigate death legislation (like fetal burial laws).

They even have a archive of articles, which is a magical death library full of subjects you’ve (likely) never even thought of, including practical how-to’s, unknown death history, social justice issues, and much more.

Reddit -- is a network of communities where people can dive into their interests, hobbies and passions. But the main thing is that there’s a subreddit dedicated to practically every topic on the planet. So if you are looking for story-specific research, the best way to get good results is to go to a subreddit that specializes in that subject matter. For example, you want to know what it’s like to live in Alaska’s wilderness you can go to r/alaska and find people who live in or near the wilderness to answer your questions.

You could also conduct interviews with an actual Native American (even from a specific tribe) on a topic you’re researching. For example, the Native American women's experiences in health care. Well, you can go to r/IndianCountry to ask (they even have a research request section).

Likewise, most questions of research can be answered by “ask” subreddits like r/askscience, r/askhistorians, r/askengineers, r/asklinguistics, r/askdocs, etc… which are populated by actual vetted and credentialed scientists, historians and so on and require citations in their answers.

Stack Exchange -- is a network of question-and-answer websites on topics in diverse fields, each site covering a specific topic, where questions, answers, and users are subject to a reputation award process. It’s similar to Reddit where the reputation system allows the sites to be self-moderating.

I prefer Reddit, but Stack Exchange is my second go-to website. For example: If you’ve got a English Language & Usage or Latin Language question then you’ll get answers from linguists, etymologists, and serious English or Latin language enthusiasts.

They’ve also got Mathematics Stack Exchange, Academia Stack Exchange, Writing Stack Exchange, Worldbuilding Stack Exchange, History Stack Exchange, Astronomy Stack Exchange, Biology Stack Exchange, and so on.

Quora -- is an American social question-and-answer website. People could ask anything, and people knowledgeable in that domain could answer them. It’s useful, but keep in mind that you might not always get accurate or quality answers. That’s because there is no fact checking and no credential checking.

Youtube -- is an American online video sharing and social media platform owned by Google.

Just like Wikipedia, which is not a reliable source because it can be edited by anyone at any time and any information it contains at a particular time could be vandalism, a work in progress, or just plain wrong; Youtube itself is not a reliable source either. Anyone on YouTube and other video-sharing sites can create or manipulate a video clip, and upload without editorial oversight, just as with a self-published website.

However, if you are interested in using a YouTube video in your research, look at whether the publisher is a larger organization (such as TED or National Geographic) or a single user that only publishes under a username. While not all large organizations produce unbiased information, more well-known organizations will most likely provide more credible information. Some even include links of their sources in the description box (or within the video itself) that you can use to further your research.

[diarrheaworldstarhiphop]

In late November, the Justice Department unsealed indictments against eight people accused of fleecing advertisers of $36 million in two of the largest digital ad-fraud operations ever uncovered. Digital advertisers tend to want two things: people to look at their ads and “premium” websites — i.e., established and legitimate publications — on which to host them. The two schemes at issue in the case, dubbed Methbot and 3ve by the security researchers who found them, faked both. Hucksters infected 1.7 million computers with malware that remotely directed traffic to “spoofed” websites — “empty websites designed for bot traffic” that served up a video ad purchased from one of the internet’s vast programmatic ad-exchanges, but that were designed, according to the indictments, “to fool advertisers into thinking that an impression of their ad was served on a premium publisher site,” like that of Vogue or The Economist. Views, meanwhile, were faked by malware-infected computers with marvelously sophisticated techniques to imitate humans: bots “faked clicks, mouse movements, and social network login information to masquerade as engaged human consumers.” Some were sent to browse the internet to gather tracking cookies from other websites, just as a human visitor would have done through regular behavior. Fake people with fake cookies and fake social-media accounts, fake-moving their fake cursors, fake-clicking on fake websites — the fraudsters had essentially created a simulacrum of the internet, where the only real things were the ads.

How much of the internet is fake? Studies generally suggest that, year after year, less than 60 percent of web traffic is human; some years, according to some researchers, a healthy majority of it is bot. For a period of time in 2013, the Times reported this year, a full half of YouTube traffic was “bots masquerading as people,” a portion so high that employees feared an inflection point after which YouTube’s systems for detecting fraudulent traffic would begin to regard bot traffic as real and human traffic as fake. They called this hypothetical event “the Inversion.”

In the future, when I look back from the high-tech gamer jail in which President PewDiePie will have imprisoned me, I will remember 2018 as the year the internet passed the Inversion, not in some strict numerical sense, since bots already outnumber humans online more years than not, but in the perceptual sense. The internet has always played host in its dark corners to schools of catfish and embassies of Nigerian princes, but that darkness now pervades its every aspect: Everything that once seemed definitively and unquestionably real now seems slightly fake; everything that once seemed slightly fake now has the power and presence of the real. The “fakeness” of the post-Inversion internet is less a calculable falsehood and more a particular quality of experience — the uncanny sense that what you encounter online is not “real” but is also undeniably not “fake,” and indeed may be both at once, or in succession, as you turn it over in your head.

The metrics are fake.                        

Take something as seemingly simple as how we measure web traffic. Metrics should be the most real thing on the internet: They are countable, trackable, and verifiable, and their existence undergirds the advertising business that drives our biggest social and search platforms. Yet not even Facebook, the world’s greatest data–gathering organization, seems able to produce genuine figures. In October, small advertisers filed suit against the social-media giant, accusing it of covering up, for a year, its significant overstatements of the time users spent watching videos on the platform (by 60 to 80 percent, Facebook says; by 150 to 900 percent, the plaintiffs say). According to an exhaustive list at MarketingLand, over the past two years Facebook has admitted to misreporting the reach of posts on Facebook Pages (in two different ways), the rate at which viewers complete ad videos, the average time spent reading its “Instant Articles,” the amount of referral traffic from Facebook to external websites, the number of views that videos received via Facebook’s mobile site, and the number of video views in Instant Articles.

Can we still trust the metrics? After the Inversion, what’s the point? Even when we put our faith in their accuracy, there’s something not quite real about them: My favorite statistic this year was Facebook’s claim that 75 million people watched at least a minute of Facebook Watch videos every day — though, as Facebook admitted, the 60 seconds in that one minute didn’t need to be watched consecutively. Real videos, real people, fake minutes.

The people are fake.                        

And maybe we shouldn’t even assume that the people are real. Over at YouTube, the business of buying and selling video views is “flourishing,” as the Times reminded readers with a lengthy investigation in August. The company says only “a tiny fraction” of its traffic is fake, but fake subscribers are enough of a problem that the site undertook a purge of “spam accounts” in mid-December. These days, the Times found, you can buy 5,000 YouTube views — 30 seconds of a video counts as a view — for as low as $15; oftentimes, customers are led to believe that the views they purchase come from real people. More likely, they come from bots. On some platforms, video views and app downloads can be forged in lucrative industrial counterfeiting operations. If you want a picture of what the Inversion looks like, find a video of a “click farm”: hundreds of individual smartphones, arranged in rows on shelves or racks in professional-looking offices, each watching the same video or downloading the same app.

This is obviously not real human traffic. But what would real human traffic look like? The Inversion gives rise to some odd philosophical quandaries: If a Russian troll using a Brazilian man’s photograph to masquerade as an American Trump supporter watches a video on Facebook, is that view “real”? Not only do we have bots masquerading as humans and humans masquerading as other humans, but also sometimes humans masquerading as bots, pretending to be “artificial-intelligence personal assistants,” like Facebook’s “M,” in order to help tech companies appear to possess cutting-edge AI. We even have whatever CGI Instagram influencer Lil Miquela is: a fake human with a real body, a fake face, and real influence. Even humans who aren’t masquerading can contort themselves through layers of diminishing reality: The Atlantic reports that non-CGI human influencers are posting fake sponsored content — that is, content meant to look like content that is meant to look authentic, for free — to attract attention from brand reps, who, they hope, will pay them real money.

The businesses are fake.                        

The money is usually real. Not always — ask someone who enthusiastically got into cryptocurrency this time last year — but often enough to be an engine of the Inversion. If the money is real, why does anything else need to be? Earlier this year, the writer and artist Jenny Odell began to look into an Amazon reseller that had bought goods from other Amazon resellers and resold them, again on Amazon, at higher prices. Odell discovered an elaborate network of fake price-gouging and copyright-stealing businesses connected to the cultlike Evangelical church whose followers resurrected Newsweek in 2013 as a zombie search-engine-optimized spam farm. She visited a strange bookstore operated by the resellers in San Francisco and found a stunted concrete reproduction of the dazzlingly phony storefronts she’d encountered on Amazon, arranged haphazardly with best-selling books, plastic tchotchkes, and beauty products apparently bought from wholesalers. “At some point I began to feel like I was in a dream,” she wrote. “Or that I was half-awake, unable to distinguish the virtual from the real, the local from the global, a product from a Photoshop image, the sincere from the insincere.”

                                       The content is fake.                        

The only site that gives me that dizzying sensation of unreality as often as Amazon does is YouTube, which plays host to weeks’ worth of inverted, inhuman content. TV episodes that have been mirror-flipped to avoid copyright takedowns air next to huckster vloggers flogging merch who air next to anonymously produced videos that are ostensibly for children. An animated video of Spider-Man and Elsa from Frozen riding tractors is not, you know, not real: Some poor soul animated it and gave voice to its actors, and I have no doubt that some number (dozens? Hundreds? Millions? Sure, why not?) of kids have sat and watched it and found some mystifying, occult enjoyment in it. But it’s certainly not “official,” and it’s hard, watching it onscreen as an adult, to understand where it came from and what it means that the view count beneath it is continually ticking up.

These, at least, are mostly bootleg videos of popular fictional characters, i.e., counterfeit unreality. Counterfeit reality is still more difficult to find—for now. In January 2018, an anonymous Redditor created a relatively easy-to-use desktop-app implementation of “deepfakes,” the now-infamous technology that uses artificial-intelligence image processing to replace one face in a video with another — putting, say, a politician’s over a porn star’s. A recent academic paper from researchers at the graphics-card company Nvidia demonstrates a similar technique used to create images of computer-generated “human” faces that look shockingly like photographs of real people. (Next time Russians want to puppeteer a group of invented Americans on Facebook, they won’t even need to steal photos of real people.) Contrary to what you might expect, a world suffused with deepfakes and other artificially generated photographic images won’t be one in which “fake” images are routinely believed to be real, but one in which “real” images are routinely believed to be fake — simply because, in the wake of the Inversion, who’ll be able to tell the difference?

                                       Our politics are fake.                        

Such a loss of any anchoring “reality” only makes us pine for it more. Our politics have been inverted along with everything else, suffused with a Gnostic sense that we’re being scammed and defrauded and lied to but that a “real truth” still lurks somewhere. Adolescents are deeply engaged by YouTube videos that promise to show the hard reality beneath the “scams” of feminism and diversity — a process they call “red-pilling” after the scene in The Matrix when the computer simulation falls away and reality appears. Political arguments now involve trading accusations of “virtue signaling” — the idea that liberals are faking their politics for social reward — against charges of being Russian bots. The only thing anyone can agree on is that everyone online is lying and fake.

                                       We ourselves are fake.                        

Which, well. Everywhere I went online this year, I was asked to prove I’m a human. Can you retype this distorted word? Can you transcribe this house number? Can you select the images that contain a motorcycle? I found myself prostrate daily at the feet of robot bouncers, frantically showing off my highly developed pattern-matching skills — does a Vespa count as a motorcycle, even? — so I could get into nightclubs I’m not even sure I want to enter. Once inside, I was directed by dopamine-feedback loops to scroll well past any healthy point, manipulated by emotionally charged headlines and posts to click on things I didn’t care about, and harried and hectored and sweet-talked into arguments and purchases and relationships so algorithmically determined it was hard to describe them as real.

Where does that leave us? I’m not sure the solution is to seek out some pre-Inversion authenticity — to red-pill ourselves back to “reality.” What’s gone from the internet, after all, isn’t “truth,” but trust: the sense that the people and things we encounter are what they represent themselves to be. Years of metrics-driven growth, lucrative manipulative systems, and unregulated platform marketplaces, have created an environment where it makes more sense to be fake online — to be disingenuous and cynical, to lie and cheat, to misrepresent and distort — than it does to be real. Fixing that would require cultural and political reform in Silicon Valley and around the world, but it’s our only choice. Otherwise we’ll all end up on the bot internet of fake people, fake clicks, fake sites, and fake computers, where the only real thing is the ads.

[solarpoweressay229]

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Leftism: The Ideological Corruption of Science

In American laboratories and universities, the spirit of Marxist Trofim Lysenko has suddenly been woke. In 1940, Lysenko became director of the Institute of Genetics within the USSR's Academy of Sciences, and he used his political influence and power to suppress dissenting opinions and discredit, marginalize, and imprison his critics, elevating his anti-Mendelian theories to state-sanctioned doctrine. Soviet scientists who refused to renounce genetics were dismissed from their posts and left destitute. The People's Republic of China under Marxist Mao Tse-Tung adopted his methods starting in 1958, with calamitous results, culminating in the Great Chinese Famine of 1959 to 1962, in which some 30 million died of starvation [wikipedia].

We did not think it could happen in the hard sciences in the West. But, in June, the American Physical Society (APS), which represents 55,000 physicists world-wide, endorsed a “strike for black lives” to “shut down STEM” in academia. It closed its office—not to protest police violence or racism, but to “commit to eradicating systemic racism and discrimination, especially in academia, and science,” stating that “physics is not an exception” to the suffocating effects of racism in American life.

At Michigan State University, one group used the strike to organize and coordinate a protest campaign against the vice president for research, physicist Stephen Hsu, whose “crimes” included doing research on computational genomics to study how human genetics might be related to cognitive ability—something that to the protesters smacked of eugenics. He was also accused of supporting psychology research at MSU on the statistics of police shootings that didn’t clearly support claims of racial bias. Within a week, the university president forced Mr. Hsu to resign. .... 

By Lawrence KraussJuly 12, 2020 

In the 1980s, when I was a young professor of physics and astronomy at Yale, deconstructionism was in vogue in the English Department. We in the science departments would scoff at the lack of objective intellectual standards in the humanities, epitomized by a movement that argued against the existence of objective truth itself, arguing that all such claims to knowledge were tainted by ideological biases due to race, sex or economic dominance.

It could never happen in the hard sciences, except perhaps under dictatorships, such as the Nazi condemnation of “Jewish” science, or the Stalinist campaign against genetics led by Trofim Lysenko, in which literally thousands of mainstream geneticists were dismissed in the effort to suppress any opposition to the prevailing political view of the state.

Or so we thought. In recent years, and especially since the police killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis, academic science leaders have adopted wholesale the language of dominance and oppression previously restricted to “cultural studies” journals to guide their disciplines, to censor dissenting views, to remove faculty from leadership positions if their research is claimed by opponents to support systemic oppression.

In June, the American Physical Society (APS), which represents 55,000 physicists world-wide, endorsed a “strike for black lives” to “shut down STEM” in academia. It closed its office—not to protest police violence or racism, but to “commit to eradicating systemic racism and discrimination, especially in academia, and science,” stating that “physics is not an exception” to the suffocating effects of racism in American life.

While racism in our society is real, no data were given to support this claim of systemic racism in science, and I have argued elsewhere that there are strong reasons to think that this claim is spurious. The APS wasn’t alone. National laboratories and university science departments joined the one-day strike. The pre-eminent science journal Nature, which disseminates what it views as the most important science stories in a daily newsletter, featured an article titled “Ten simple rules for building an anti-racist lab.”

At Michigan State University, one group used the strike to organize and coordinate a protest campaign against the vice president for research, physicist Stephen Hsu, whose crimes included doing research on computational genomics to study how human genetics might be related to cognitive ability—something that to the protesters smacked of eugenics. He was also accused of supporting psychology research at MSU on the statistics of police shootings that didn’t clearly support claims of racial bias. Within a week, the university president forced Mr. Hsu to resign.

At Princeton on July 4, more than 100 faculty members, including more than 40 in the sciences and engineering, wrote an open letter to the president with proposals to “disrupt the institutional hierarchies perpetuating inequity and harm.” This included the creation of a policing committee that would “oversee the investigation and discipline of racist behaviors, incidents, research, and publication on the part of faculty,” with “racism” to be defined by another faculty committee, and requiring every department, including math, physics, astronomy and other sciences, to establish a senior thesis prize for research that somehow “is actively anti-racist or expands our sense of how race is constructed in our society.”

When scientific and academic leaders give official imprimatur to unverified claims, or issue blanket condemnations of peer-reviewed research or whole fields that may be unpopular, it has ripple effects throughout the field. It can shut down discussion and result in self-censorship.

Shortly after Mr. Hsu resigned, the authors of the psychology study asked the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science to retract their paper—not because of flaws in their statistical analysis, but because of what they called the “misuse” of their article by journalists who argued that it countered the prevailing view that police forces are racist. They later amended the retraction request to claim, conveniently, that it “had nothing to do with political considerations, ‘mob’ pressure, threats to the authors, or distaste for the political views of people citing the work approvingly.” As a cosmologist, I can say that if we retracted all the papers in cosmology that we felt were misrepresented by journalists, there would hardly be any papers left.

Actual censorship is also occurring. A distinguished chemist in Canada argued in favor of merit-based science and against hiring practices that aim at equality of outcome if they result “in discrimination against the most meritorious candidates.” For that he was censured by his university provost, his published review article on research and education in organic synthesis was removed from the journal website, and two editors involved in accepting it were suspended.

An Italian scientist at the international laboratory CERN, home to the Large Hadron Collider, had his scheduled seminar on statistical imbalances between the sexes in physics canceled and his position at the laboratory revoked because he suggested that apparent inequities might not be directly due to sexism. A group of linguistics students initiated a public petition asking that the psychologist Steven Pinker be stripped of his position as a Linguistics Society of America Fellow for such offenses as tweeting a New York Times article they disapproved of.

As ideological encroachment corrupts scientific institutions, one might wonder why more scientists aren’t defending the hard sciences from this intrusion. The answer is that many academics are afraid, and for good reason. They are hesitant to disagree with scientific leadership groups, and they see what has happened to scientists who do. They see how researchers lose funding if they can’t justify how their research programs will explicitly combat claimed systemic racism or sexism, a requirement for scientific proposals now being applied by granting agencies.

Whenever science has been corrupted by falling prey to ideology, scientific progress suffers. This was the case in Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union—and in the U.S. in the 19th century when racist views dominated biology, and during the McCarthy era, when prominent scientists like Robert Oppenheimer were ostracized for their political views. To stem the slide, scientific leaders, scientific societies and senior academic administrators must publicly stand up not only for free speech in science, but for quality, independent of political doctrine and divorced from the demands of political factions.

Mr. Krauss a theoretical physicist, is president of the Origins Project Foundation and author of “The Physics of Climate Change,” forthcoming in January.

[leverage88]

Dealing With The Student Debt Crisis

Karim Harouni

English 2010

Fish Burton

4 December 2019

Dealing With The Student Debt Crisis

Ever since I was a child, my loving parents taught me that to succeed in life I need to get a good education. As I finish my first semester of college it has become quite apparent that college is quite expensive. With increasing expenses such as tuition, room & board, transportation, and food, it makes sense as to why so many students are going into debt and are having a hard time paying it off. Some students may never be able to pay off all their loans as the amount of student debt in the U.S. has reached an all-time high of $1.5 trillion and it is still rising. Our nation, especially lower and middle-class families, is currently facing severe consequences from this crisis as student debt continues to become a predatory industry that is in desperate need of regulation. The nation is currently divided on how to solve this crisis, as countless politicians are trying to offer solutions to Congress that aren't being passed due to a lack of agreement. To find the right solutions for this problem, we first need to better understand all the crisis by answering basic questions. What is the student debt crisis? How did it start? Why is the national student debt an actual crisis? What are we doing to solve this issue and is it working? What can else can we do about this crisis? It is by answering these questions that we can make decisions that support everyone’s best interests.

The whole purpose of a student loan is so that a student who may not have enough money at the moment to pay for their education, can have the opportunity to eventually pay it off in the future after they start earning a higher income thanks to the career they received from earning their degree. While it can be assumed that the student debt crisis is defined as the continually rising student debt, but CEO and economist David Klein explained in an article for the business-oriented news website "Quartz"  that college tuition is the actual root of this crisis. As tuition continues to increase, many students are left with no other choice but to take out larger loans without the guarantee that they will get jobs that could earn them enough to manage their debt. David Klein continues to explain this point in his article stating “Some students are able to land jobs after graduation with salaries that justify the monthly student loan payments, but others are not able to do so, rendering their student loans a particularly heavy burden. (Klein, David. “The US Doesn't Have a Student Debt Problem. It Has a College Tuition Crisis.”) This has led to an unforeseen consequence of doubt in the education system. In a recent article by the Wall Street Journal, four out of 10 recent college graduates now have jobs that don’t even require a college degree (Mitchell, Josh. “The Long Road to the Student Debt Crisis.”) and because of this statistic, there are parts of our nation starting to re-evaluate the true cost of higher education and while others are beginning to question whether higher education is truly worth the risk of taking on debt that could follow them their entire lives.

To further our understanding of the student debt crisis we need to know its origin. Interestingly enough, the start of the debt crisis is part of a well-known piece of American history. The date was October 4th, 1957 when our world was completely changed. The Soviet Union had just launched the first artificial Earth satellite the world has ever seen named Sputnik. While this event was a momentous occasion for mankind and spoke well of our ingenuity as a species, the United States of America was in a panic. Compared to our Cold War rivals, our nation was lacking academically in science, technology, foreign languages, and every other subject at the time. It seemed impossible for the U.S. to catch up with the Soviets. In retaliation to Sputnik, Congress came together and passed the National Defense Education Act of 1958, also known as the "NDEA," which was the first time our nation started to offer federal loans and scholarships to encourage student enrollment. (National Defense Education Act of 1958, 85th Cong.) As we all know, the U.S. was the first to nation to ever land a man on the moon and college enrollment increase exponentially while the U.S continued to offer financial aid. 

Unfortunately, after nearly 70 years, we can see that student debts have only increased since passing the NDEA, and since the U.S continued to give loans to college students the Department of Education has become one of the largest banks in America in regards to loans. Since the Department of Education was meant to be a bank they instead have to outsource management to Loan Servicers. The comedian and internet talk show host, Hasan Minhaj, best describes these companies on an episode of his Netflix series “Patriot Act” as a part of a “multi-billion dollar predatory industry that ruins lives” and one of those companies is called Navient. They are one of the largest and worst debt collection companies in the nation and they have recently been accused of abusing military members, double-charging borrowers, and systematically misdirecting borrowers into types of forbearance. (“Student Loans.” Patriot Act With Hasan Minhaj. Netflix, Manhattan. 24 February 2019. Web Television) It was due to this dishonest practice from Navient that thousands of borrowers were disqualified from the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program, which offers public servants, which are people employed by Government organizations at any level (federal, state, local, or tribal), the opportunity to have their outstanding federal student loans forgiven if they meet the requirements. (Friedman, Zack. “How This New Navient Lawsuit Affects Your Student Loans: Q&A.”)  Companies like Navient are not the only problem with the student debt crisis as there are nearly fifteen states that maintains laws allowing for licenses (professional, medical, drivers, and hunting)  to be revoked for defaulting on federal or state education loan as well as other state-specific criteria. (Hentze-Jane, Iris, labor-and-employment/license-suspension-for-student-loan-defaulters.aspx) Many parents and students are suffering from the national student debt crisis as graduates move back home with their parents since it is too expensive to move out on their own, they cannot afford to get married or even start a family. (ONeil, Overcoming the Student Loan Crisis) 

In the past few years, more and more politicians have begun to make student debt a part of their policies. Vermont senator and Democratic presidential nominee, Bernie Sanders, is a big advocator for the student debt reforms. It is common to see Sanders on the debate stage or in interviews exclaiming that the student debt crisis is out of control and in April, 2017 Sen. Sanders introduced a bill called the College for All Act of 2017, where Sanders proposes several solutions to the crisis that includes; eliminating tuition for household that makes less than $125,000, lowering the interest rates for those who still need financial aid and keep them on a fixed loan rate, preventing the federal government from profiting off  of student loans, and even a dollar for dollar match for states “that provide extra funding to reduce the cost of college beyond eliminating tuition and fees. (College for All Act of 2017, S.806, 115th Cong.) Sanders is not the only politician asking for reforms. Fellow Democratic candidate Cory Booker's signature proposal is aimed at closing the racial wealth gap that could provide families with a new resource to pay for college. Mayor Pete Buttigieg has a slightly more conservative plan as he believes in making public college debt-free for low-income students through creating a state-federal partnership and combining it with an expansion in the Pell grant, which are already used to support low-income students to attend college. (Berman, Jillian. “Where the 2020 Candidates Stand on Student Debt and College Affordability.” MarketWatch,)Under his plan, middle-income families would pay zero tuition at public colleges. So while this crisis may seem hopeless at the moment, we need to remember that there are elected officials that are trying to protect our best interest and we need to be educated in these issues so we can select the right candidate.

Politicians and students are not the only ones trying to push for reforms on the student debt crisis. Author Anthony ONeal dedicates his career to help educating young adults to make smart decisions with their money, as it affects their relationships and education. ONeal relates with students burdened by student loans as he, himself, was homeless and deep in debt at the age of nineteen, but after making changes to his life he wrote a bestselling book called “ Graduate Survival Guide: 5 Mistakes You Can’t Afford to Make in College” to help guide college students so they can avoid being crushed by student debt. Actor Michael Torpey currently hosts a show on TruTV called “Paid Off with Michael Torpey” where he gives three college graduates, all of whom have outstanding student debts, the opportunity to have their debts completely, if not partially, paid off if they answer questions correctly. In an interview with late-night talk show host Seth Meyers, Torpey explains that his show raises awareness for the student debt crisis and blames the government, the loan servicers, and the universities for causing this crisis. Torpey continued to tell Seth Meyers that when he talks about the show that it “is a very dumb way to pay for education.” (Episode June 19, Late Night with Seth Meyers) The funniest part about this is that the host himself thinks this event is a weird way to pay off student debt but it is still having a social impact as people are starting to learn about the crisis. These two men who have very different careers are still advocating for change and if they can do it, so can anyone else.

As the U.S. is working to resolve the student debt crisis, other first-world countries have their own solutions to the issue. When talking about student debt, policymakers think of Australia as an example of a nation that properly handles its debt. This is because Australia created its student loan program in 1989 to help charge tuition for public universities. Their program is meant to have borrowers pay a low-interest rate equal to inflation and no payments need to be made until the borrower starts earning a set amount and as they continue to earn more the rate rises so that the debt can be paid off sooner. (Ey, Carol Higher Education Loan Program (HELP) and other student loans: a quick guide, 2017)  Australia was able to implement this program by placing regulations such as limiting the number of students permitted and restricting loans to only four-year degrees and other advanced programs. Many economists believe that Australia could be on the brink of economic crisis of their due to removing restrictions and allowing federal loans to students undergoing training and other alternative education programs for careers that don’t necessarily earn enough pay off said loans (Delisle, Jason, and Alex Usher. “Australia's Student Loan Problem Is a Teachable Moment for the U.S.”) This led to loan servicers like Navient to enter the Australian market and continue to harm innocent people. Australia's plan wouldn't be very difficult to implement in America because it involves capping university seats so only some can attend college and the U.S. should be encouraging higher education and make it accessible for all.

 As much as everybody wants a simple cure-all solution there is more than just one single solution to the student debt crisis. The effective way to respond to the debt crisis is by having both short and long-term goals. The short-term goals are the little things that can be done at the moment that will slowly build to the long-term goals which are defined as the plans of higher difficulty and they will take a larger period of time to achieve. An example of a long-term plan would be Senator Bernie Sanders College for All Act of 2017 which has a lot of progressive policies that, while beneficial to everyone, Congress won't be able to be implemented everything overnight. After reviewing the causes and effects of student debt it seems like the small and simple things the U.S. can implement now are better financial education starting at a younger age. The reason why companies like Navient are able to mislead borrowers and cause them financial torment is due to the fact that borrowers don't necessarily know any better. We could do this by having high schools and universities introduce more aggressive courses that will not only educate students but also assist in applying for financial aid like scholarships and grants. By implementing these smaller policies it will help the nation progress into more progressive policies. The long-term goals for the nation should be to lower the tuition for public universities, at the very least, and place more regulation on loan servicers. Not everyone has to go to Yale or Harvard to get a good education and college is typically cheaper in-state so if the U.S. can lower the price of tuition of public universities, more people start attending school without the fear sinking into a monstrous debt and with more students, more money can go into these public institutions. By continuing to restrict loan servicers we can stop it from being a predatory industry. In order to make any of these changes in this nation, the public will have to come together and focus on want is most important and that is education. If the U.S does not decide to act then this crisis will only continue to get worse.

Bibliography

Berman, Jillian. “Where the 2020 Candidates Stand on Student Debt and College Affordability.” MarketWatch, 30 July 2019, www.marketwatch.com/story/where-the-2020-candidates-stand-on-student-debt-and-college-affordability-2019-02-20.

College for All Act of 2017, S.806, 115th Cong. (2017)

Delisle, Jason, and Alex Usher. “Australia's Student Loan Problem Is a Teachable Moment for the U.S.” Brookings, Brookings, 1 Mar. 2018, www.brookings.edu/research/australias-student-loan-problem-is-a-teachable-moment-for-the-u-s/.

Ey, Carol Higher Education Loan Program (HELP) and other student loans: a quick guide, 2017, https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp1617/Quick_Guides/HELP  

Friedman, Zack. “How This New Navient Lawsuit Affects Your Student Loans: Q&A.” Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 12 Oct. 2018, www.forbes.com/sites/zackfriedman/2018/10/11/student-loan-forgiveness-navient-questions/#6f365e262a07.

Hentze, Iris, and Jane Andrade. “License Suspension for Student Loan Defaulters.” License Suspension for Student Loan Defaulters, 2018, www.ncsl.org/research/labor-and-employment/license-suspension-for-student-loan-defaulters.aspx.

Klein, David. “The US Doesn't Have a Student Debt Problem. It Has a College Tuition Crisis.” 

Quartz, Quartz, 12 Sept. 2019, qz.com/1707593/were-thinking-about-the-student-debt-crisis-all-wrong/.

Mitchell, Josh. “The Long Road to the Student Debt Crisis.” The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, 7 June 2019, www.wsj.com/articles/the-long-road-to-the-student-debt-crisis-11559923730.

National Defense Education Act of 1958, 85th Cong.

ONeal, Anthony. “Overcoming the Student Loan Crisis.” Daveramsey.com, Dave Ramsey, 23 Sept. 2019, www.daveramsey.com/blog/student-loan-crisis.

“Student Loans.” Patriot Act With Hasan Minhaj. Netflix, Manhattan. 24 February 2019. Web Television

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Surveys Quotes

Official Website: Surveys Quotes

• A good aim surveys the present state of experience of pupils, and forming a tentative plan of treatment, keeps the plan constantly in view and yet modifies it as conditions develop. The aim, in short, is experimental, and hence constantly growing as it is tested in action. – John Dewey • A man with deep far-sightedness will survey both the beginning and the end of a situation and continually consider its every facet as important. – Takeda Shingen • A man’s feet should be planted in his country, but his eyes should survey the world.- George Santayana • A new survey found that 12 percent of parents punish their kids by banning social networking sites. The other 88 percent punish their kids by joining social networking sites. – Jimmy Fallon • A new survey indicates that Obama supporters love iPhones. So if you have an iPhone, chances are you are going to be supporting President Obama. In a related story, if you support Governor Chris Christie from New Jersey, chances are you love IHOP. – David Letterman • A new survey out says 64 percent of Americans own a smartphone. Which is interesting because in a related survey, 100 percent of smart phones say they own an American. – Jimmy Fallon • A new survey reveals that women would rather give up sex than give up the remote control for the TV. Men, on the other hand, would be willing to have sex with the remote for the TV. – Conan O’Brien • A new survey shows that the American public is more conservative now than at any point since 1952. The bad news is that all the liberals that died since then are still voting. – Fred Thompson • A perfect Judge will read each work of Wit With the same spirit that its author writ: Survey the Whole, nor seek slight faults to find Where nature moves, and rapture warms the mind. – Alexander Pope • A recent Pew Hispanic survey found that more than 70 percent of illegal immigrants from Mexico are interested in a guest-worker program and then returning home. – John Shadegg • A recent survey or North American males found 42% were overweight, 34% were critically obese and 8% ate the survey. – Banksy • A recent survey stated that the average person’s greatest fear is having to give a speech in public. Somehow this ranked even higher than death which was third on the list. So, you’re telling me that at a funeral, most people would rather be the guy in the coffin than have to stand up and give a eulogy. – Jerry Seinfeld • A stunning survey of the latest evidence for intelligent life on Mars. Mac Tonnies brings a thoughtful, balanced and highly accessible approach to one of the most fascinating enigmas of our time. – Herbie Brennan • A survey asked married women when they most want to have sex. 84 per cent of them said right after their husband is finished. – Jay Leno • A survey carried out across the U.S. between 2004 and 2006 showed that frequent church- or synagogue-goers are more likely to give money to charity.- Jonathan Sacks • A survey has shown that the average man has had sex in a car 15 times. Something to keep in mind next time you’re looking for a used car. – Jay Leno • A survey released today found that men spend twice as much on their mistresses for Christmas as they do on their wives. On the other hand, men spend half their income on the wives when the wife finds out about the mistress. So it all balances out. – Jay Leno • A technical survey that systematize, digest, and appraise the mid century state of psychology. – Stanley Smith Stevens • A telephone survey says that 51 percent of college students drink until they pass out at least once a month. The other 49 percent didn’t answer the phone. – Craig Kilborn • Academics, who work for long periods in a self-directed fashion, may be especially prone to putting things off: surveys suggest that the vast majority of college students procrastinate, and articles in the literature of procrastination often allude to the author’s own problems with finishing the piece. – James Surowiecki • According to a new survey, 40 percent of adults in Mexico say they would move to the United States if they got a chance. The number would have been higher, but the other 60 percent already live here. – Conan O’Brien • According to a new survey, 90% of men say their lover is also their best friend. Which is really kind of disturbing when you consider man’s best friend is his dog. – Jay Leno • According to a new survey, almost half of the voters in Ohio, Florida, and Pennsylvania say that they do not trust Hillary Clinton. Republicans immediately got together and said, ‘OK, this is a huge opportunity for us. How are we going to screw it up?’ – Jimmy Fallon • According to a new survey, people who get divorced die early. People who stay married live longer. The difference is they just wish they were dead. – David Letterman • According to a new survey, women say they feel more comfortable undressing in front of men than they do undressing in front of other women. They say that women are too judgmental, where, of course, men are just grateful. – Robert De Niro • According to a Public Policy Polling survey, most Americans find lice and colonoscopies more appealing than Capitol Hill. – Ron Fournier • According to a recent survey, kids are receiving an average of 40 cents less from the tooth fairy. That’s right, the economy is so bad that even make-believe people are feeling the pinch. – Conan O’Brien • According to a recent survey, men say the first thing they notice about women is their eyes. And women say the first thing they notice about men is they’re a bunch of liars. – Jay Leno • According to a survey in this week’s Time magazine, 85% of Americans think global warming is happening. The other 15% work for the White House. – Jay Leno • According to one study by the United States Geological survey, 86 percent of oil reserves in the United States are the result not of what is estimated at the time of discovery but of the revisions and additions that come with further development. – Daniel Yergin • According to the National Crime Survey administered by the Bureau of the Census and the National Institute of Justice, it was found that only 12 percent of those who use a gun to resist assault are injured, as are 17 percent of those who use a gun to resist robbery. These percentages are 27 and 25 percent, respectively, if they passively comply with the felon’s demands. Three times as many were injured if they used other means of resistance. – Gary Kleck • Additional federal studies are under way to see if any contamination reaches taps or ground water used for drinking, but the program under which they are conducted, the toxic substances hydrology program of the geological survey, is slated to be eliminated under budget cuts proposed by the Bush administration, government officials said… estrogens and similar compounds are increasingly the focus of research by the Environmental Protection Agency and many scientists because of hints that they alter sexual characteristics in fish and other aquatic species. – Andrew Revkin • After all, a creature without passionate conviction doesn’t cling to extremes. He surveys the scenery and makes sure his outfit doesn’t clash. – Frank Bruni • After starting a blood feud with Fox News, something no Republican presidential candidate has dared to do before, [Donald] Trump seems to have successfully undermine the network in the eyes of its core audience with perception of the Fox News brand among Republican adults hitting its lowest point in three years according to a new YouGov survey. – Chris Hayes • All great expression, which on a superficial survey seems so easy as well as so simple, furnishes after a while, to the faithful observer, its own standard by which to appreciate it. – Margaret Fuller • All over the world there are enormous numbers of smart, even gifted, people who harbor a passion for science. But that passion is unrequited. Surveys suggest that some 95% of Americans are “scientifically illiterate.” That’s…the same fraction…of slaves who were illiterate before the Civil War. – Carl Sagan • Along the way, I’ve worked as a waitress, I’ve done phone surveys, and worked as a receptionist, and for the last twenty years I’ve taught. When I was an actor, the key was to find a job that kept your days free to audition. – Debra Dean • Although the traditional focus of Valentine’s Day is on women and the gifts they desire, this survey found that not only do men like to get gifts for Valentine’s Day, but they also like those gifts to be luxurious. Sixty-three percent of the people we surveyed agreed that this Valentine’s Day, Johnnie Walker Blue Label is a great gift for the men in their lives. – Christopher Parsons • And when midst fallen London, they survey The stone where Alexander’s ashes lay, Shall own with humbled pride the lesson must By Time’s slow finger written in the dust. – Anna Letitia Barbauld • Any survey of the free world’s defense structure cannot fail to impart a feeling of regret that so much of our effort and resources must be devoted to armaments. – Dwight D. Eisenhower • As a great man’s influence never ends, so also there is not definite finality, no end, to a great survey; it runs along for centuries, ever responsive to the strain of the increasing needs of a growing population and an enlarging domain. – Cleveland Abbe • As a Mark brand ambassador, I became extremely cognizant of the devastating statistics about dating abuse and partner violence via the mPowerment campaign and knew I wanted to help change those statistics. mPowerment by Mark and the Avon Foundation for Women funded the No More study, which explored dating abuse, partner violence, and sexual assault. I was honored to be part of it and report the results of the survey in a Capitol Hill briefing. – Ashley Greene • As a scholar who regularly surveys archival material, I think that, a century from now, cultural historians will find David Horowitz’s spiritual and political odyssey paradigmatic for our time. – Camille Paglia • As the most romantic day of the year approaches, and as a brand that is uniquely male, we wanted to find out how men really feel about Valentines Day, and how they want to celebrate it. The Johnnie Walker Blue Label Luxury Survey tells us what gifts men really want versus what gifts women think men want for Valentine’s Day – and the reality is that we’re not as far apart as we like to think. – Christopher Parsons • As we survey all the evidence, the thought insistently arises that some supernatural agency-or, rather, Agency-must be involved. Is it possible that suddenly, without intending to, we have stumbled upon scientific proof of the existence of a Supreme Being? Was it God who stepped in and so providentially crafted the cosmos for our benefit? – George Greenstein • As you may recall, Truman was extremely unpopular when he finally left Washington in 1953, thanks largely to the Korean War. Today, however, he is thought to have been a solidly good president, a ‘Near Great’ even, in the terminology of those surveys of historians they do every now and then. – Thomas Frank • Based on a detailed investigation of all the facts and supported by the testimony of the surviving Japanese leaders involved, it is the Survey’s opinion that certainly prior to 31 December 1945 and in all probability prior to 1 November 1945, Japan would have surrendered even if the atomic bombs had not been dropped, even if Russia had not entered the war, and even if no invasion had been planned or contemplated. – Paul Nitze • Based on current surveys of public opinion in the United States, it turns out that the majority of Americans think I’ve done a pretty good job. -Barack Obama • Biblical social scientists have an advantage because they know truths about human nature. Those who dismiss the Bible and create surveys that don’t measure crucial factors are the ones who have closed minds. Sometimes the Bible gives us clear answers and sometimes it doesn’t, but it always helps us to ask the right questions. – Marvin Olasky • But because we accept the sanctity of life, the responsibility that comes with freedom and the supreme sacrifice of Christ expressed so well in the hymn: ‘When I survey the wondrous cross on which the Prince of Glory died. My richest gain I count but loss and pour contempt on all my pride.’ – Margaret Thatcher • But honestly, if you do a rigorous survey of my work, I’ll bet you’ll find that biology is a theme far more often than physical science. – David Brin • By contrast with history, evolution is an unconscious process. Another, and perhaps a better way of putting it would be to say that evolution is a natural process, history a human one…. Insofar as we treat man as a part of nature–for instance in a biological survey of evolution–we are precisely not treating him as a historical being. As a historically developing being, he is set over against nature, both as a knower and as a doer. – Owen Barfield • Censure is willingly indulged, because it always implies some superiority: men please themselves with imagining that they have made a deeper search, or wider survey than others, and detected faults and follies which escape vulgar observation. – Samuel Johnson • Combining in our survey then, the whole range of deposits from the most recent to the most ancient group, how striking a succession do they present:- so various yet so uniform-so vast yet so connected. In thus tracing back to the most remote periods in the physical history of our continents, one system of operations, as the means by which many complex formations have been successively produced, the mind becomes impressed with the singleness of nature’s laws; and in this respect, at least, geology is hardly inferior in simplicity to astronomy. – Roderick Murchison • Completing a large or difficult survey can be a very satisfying thing, especially if there have been hurdles or setbacks along the way. In our work, we get to “tick” off jobs quite often, so the sense of completion can also be rewarding. – Mark Mason • Cultural tourism surveys consistently rate San Francisco’s art industry as a core reason for visiting – Gavin Newsom • Don’t wait till you get bigger to put in place key items, such as staff surveys, peer interviewing for hiring and clear standards of behavior [developed by staff]. – Quint Studer • Even when educators survey grade school texts and create new bibliographies to help teachers include Asians, Eskimos, and other Americans, females in and out of those groups may be down-played or forgotten. – Gloria Steinem • Everyone takes surveys. Whoever makes a statement about human behavior has engaged in a survey of some sort. – Andrew Greeley • Experiencing a massage therapy session is its own best advertisement for changing perceptions. A recent national consumer survey found Americans had overwhelmingly positive feelings about their massage experience. Ninety-four percent express favorable feelings. Fully 85 percent expressed very favorable feelings about their most recent massage, with 37 percent rating it a perfect ten-out-of-ten. What is striking is that there are very few detractors. Most of those who haven’t yet received a massage simply haven’t felt a need for it – Bob Benson • Faults are beauties, when survey’d by love. – Theocritus • Few men survey themselves with so much severity as not to admit prejudices in their own favor. – Samuel Johnson • Few men survey themselves with so much severity as not to admit prejudices in their own favour, which an artful flatterer may gradually strengthen, till wishes for a particular qualification are improved to hopes of attainment, and hopes of attainment to belief of possession. – Samuel Johnson • Financial literacy is not an end in itself, but a step-by-step process. It begins in childhood and continues throughout a person’s life all the way to retirement. Instilling the financial-literacy message in children is especially important, because they will carry it for the rest of their lives. The results of the survey are very encouraging, and we want to do our part to make sure all children develop and strengthen their financial-literacy skills. – George Karl • For Hades is mighty in calling men to account below the earth, and with a mind that records in tablets he surveys all things. – Aeschylus • Forget romantic fiction, a survey has found that most women would rather read a good book than go shopping, have sex, or sleep. – Janet Street-Porter • Forget socialism, capitalism, just-in-time deliveries, salary surveys, and the rest … concentrate on building organizations that accomplish that most difficult of all challenges: to make people look forward to coming to work in the morning. – Ricardo Semler • Global warming activists claim a serious public concern presently exists and the overwhelming majority of scientists agrees humans are creating a global warming crisis. The survey of AMS meteorologists, however, shows no such overwhelming majority exists. Indeed, to the extent we can assign a majority scientific opinion to whether all the necessary components of a global warming crisis exist, the AMS survey shows the majority does not agree humans are creating a global warming crisis. – James Taylor • God gave man an upright countenance to survey the heavens, and to look upward to the stars. – Ovid • He with a graceful pride, While his rider every hand survey’d, Sprung loose, and flew into an escapade; Not moving forward, yet with every bound Pressing, and seeming still to quit his ground. – John Dryden • History is the arbiter of controversy, the monarch of all she surveys. – Lord Acton • Hope is an explorer who surveys the country ahead. That is why we know so much about the Hereafter and so little about the Heretofore. – Ambrose Bierce • How sublime Upon a time-blanch’d cliff to muse, and, while The eagle glories in a sea of air, To mingle with the scene around! – Survey The sun-warm heaven. – Robert Montgomery • Human beings are compelled to adopt a belief system; some paradigm to provide meaning, purpose, and understanding to our lives. A quick survey of the world shows that pretty much any idea will do – it need not reflect reality or truth, merely function to fascinate, distract, and compel. We are designed for belief, not for truth. – Terry Rossio • Humor implies a sure conception of the beautiful, the majestic and he true, by whose light it surveys and shape s their opposites. It is a humane influence, softening with mirth the ragged inequities of existence, prompting tolerant views of life, bridging over the space which separates the lofty from the lowly, the great from the humble. – Edwin Percy Whipple • I actually did a quick survey of how caste plays out in contemporary India. The idea that democracy and development have in some ways eroded caste turned out not to be the case, that it has in fact been entrenched and modernised. – Arundhati Roy • I am somewhat influenced by the years that I’ve spent trying to actually get things done, whether it was reforming education in Arkansas or a survey and Legal Services Corporation board when President [Jimmy ]Carter appointed me and trying to get lawyers for poor people. I have worked in these areas. I know it’s more than just a hope. You’ve got to translate it into a policy that leads to action. – Hillary Clinton • I am the first person to go to Barnes & Noble and buy the new self-help book. I like to fill out the surveys, then I get my friends’ opinions on how I answered to see if I was being honest with myself or not. – Jessica Simpson • I automate some tasks and delegate many others. Doing research, job organization, data processing, field surveys, and plan preparation can be tedious, detailed work. – Mark Mason • I didn’t know what I wanted to do when I was a child. I did want to be a cartographer but that was partly because I liked Ordnance Survey maps and when I used to go to my grandparents’ house from Southampton Station one went past the headquarters of the Ordnance Survey. – Jonathan Meades • I don’t hire a lot of number-crunchers, and I don’t trust fancy marketing surveys. I do my own surveys and draw my own conclusions. – Donald Trump • I don’t know if [Barack Obama] saw the latest religion survey, but almost a quarter of the country are Nones. I don’t mean the ones who hit me on the knuckles with a ruler in Sunday School – I mean they put “None” for religion. – Bill Maher • I don’t need somebody behind a desk to tell me what a marketing survey says is funny. I got 3 million miles and 70,000 tickets sold, telling me that I know how to make people laugh. – D. L. Hughley • I don’t think it’s surprising we will have to look for them. I’m confident that when the Iraq Survey Group has done its work we will find what’s happened to those weapons because he had them. – Tony Blair • I feel pain everywhere. A lot of guys in chairs do feel their legs. But if you don’t, there’s a thing called disreflex, so you know if something happens, say, you can’t feel your foot or your leg and your body reacts. You know something’s not right and you survey what’s going on. – Mark Zupan • I had a survey done on my house. 8 out of 10 people said they really rather liked it – Jimmy Carr • I have a lack of fear, whereas in the past the fear of failure was a powerful motivator. Anyway, I have great expectations for the future, but I just don’t know if I’m the monarch of all I survey. – Sylvester Stallone • I maintain an ongoing survey of Internet Publishing and self publishing, so that it is now possible for any writer with a book to get it published at nominal cost or free, and to have it on sale at booksellers like Amazon.com. – Piers Anthony • I saw a survey and it is that NFL fans are fed up with listening to players talk about politics. – Rush Limbaugh • I sometimes think we ought to bring a bill before Congress changing our national symbol from the eagle to the buffalo, because we are more like the buffalo than the eagle. The eagle is a powerful bird. It flies alone. It rises up into the sky with authority. It is master of all it surveys. The eagle is an individualist and was selected from among the rest of the birds to be our symbol. But the buffalo was never alone. It always ran in a herd with other buffaloes. And, friends, I call your attention that the buffaloes are gone from the open range, but the eagles are still soaring. – Norman Vincent Peale • I speak as a private citizen and not as a representative of the Executive Branch of the United States government. The impression that people of faith are uniformly opposed to stem-cell research is not documented by surveys. In fact, many people of strong religious conviction think this can be a morally supportable approach. – Richard Dawkins • I think my great book is Born to Sing: An Interpretation and World Survey of Bird Song. – Charles Hartshorne • I think somebody ought to do a survey as to how many great, important men have quit to spend time with their families who spent any more time with their family. Probably less. – Walter Cronkite • I think that if anyone bothered to take a survey, they would find a sharp decline in atheism during the winters in Cleveland, Ohio. – Drew Carey • I was rather discouraged when I discovered that Paul and Hotch had no marketing survey, no business plan, no budget, no organized strategy for the introduction of the sauce. When asked about this lack of preparation, the haphazard nature of their business, Paul said, ‘Me in this business is just part of life’s great folly. Stay loose, men, keep ’em off balance.'” – Paul Newman • I’m always fascinated when people really fervently believe, because I have such a hard time believing anything. When people have real faith in something, it’s fascinating to me. And the fact that so many people, in surveys, so many people say they do. It kind of blows my mind. – Conor Oberst • If a man could mount to Heaven and survey the mighty universe, his admiration of its beauties would be much diminished unless he had someone to share in his pleasure. – Marcus Tullius Cicero • If I were to peruse a survey of label options, as they exist now, they either sound like a time bomb disorder or manic depression or Bipolar divide or mental illness. How can I find an identity in that? It certainly isn’t something I can bring up in conversation, without a reaction of judgement or even fear. – Paul Dalio • If we take a survey of the greatest actions…in the world…we shall find the authors of them all to have been persons whose Brains had been shaken out of their natural position. – John Adams • I’m required to do every job well enough that I’d use it as evidence in court – that doesn’t come cheaply! Property is a critical asset for individuals. Maintaining the cadastre (legal survey fabric) is an important job and a valuable service. – Mark Mason • I’m sure if you could survey the unborn they would prefer the chance for life over the options of solar power. – Greg Gutfeld • Immense deposits of kimmeridge clay, containing the oil-bearing bands or seams, stretch across England from Dorsetshire to Lincolnshire. [An early political recognition of the native resource. The Geological Survey had identified the inflammable oil shale in reports since at least 1888.] – Winston Churchill • In 1989, I started the National Association of Business Women. We incorporated microfinance and different job training for women. We did a survey, with USAID, that found women lacked training, credit and information. – Joyce Banda • In a bird’s eye view you tend to survey everything and decide on a particular point, then you swoop down and pick it up. In a worms eye view you don’t have that advantage of looking at everything. – Muhammad Yunus • In all our academies we attempt far too much. … In earlier times lectures were delivered upon chemistry and botany as branches of medicine, and the medical student learned enough of them. Now, however, chemistry and botany are become sciences of themselves, incapable of comprehension by a hasty survey, and each demanding the study of a whole life, yet we expect the medical student to understand them. He who is prudent, accordingly declines all distracting claims upon his time, and limits himself to a single branch and becomes expert in one thing. – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe • In my judgment, based on the work that has been done to this point of the Iraq Survey Group, and in fact, that I reported to you in October, Iraq was in clear violation of the terms of U.N.Resolution 1441. – David Kay • In my totally unscientific yet enthusiastic survey of Communal Experiments Throughout American History, I’ve discovered that the thing most likely to break up said experiments is: Sex, all that murky, dark, dirty gunk simmering beneath human relations. – Lauren Groff • In one survey, respondents listed Princeton as one of the country’s top ten law schools. The problem? Princeton doesn’t have a law school – Alexandra Robbins • In survey after survey, people report that the greatest dangers they face are, in this order: terrorist attack, plane crashes and nuclear accidents. This despite the fact that these three combined have killed fewer people in the past half-century than car accidents do in any given year. – Will Self • In survey after survey, the Iraqi people say, ‘We want to choose our leaders.’ – Scott McClellan • In this country, the health concerns and the environmental concerns are as deep as in Europe. All the surveys show that. But here, we didn’t have the cultural dimension. This is a fast-food culture. – Jeremy Rifkin • Interesting survey in the current Journal of Abnormal Psychology: New York City has a higher percentage of people you shouldn’t make any sudden moves around than any other city in the world. – David Letterman • Ironically, survey after survey shows that married men are happier and healthier than unmarried men. Oh, and they also have more sex. – Michael Kimmel • It is an inherent property of intelligence that it can jump out of a task which it is performing and survey what it has done. – Douglas Hofstadter • It is in the field of prayer that life’s critical battles are lost or won. We must conquer all our circumstances there. We must first of all bring them there. We must survey them there. We must master them there. In prayer we bring our spiritual enemies into the Presence of God and we fight them there. Have you tried that? Or have you been satisfied to meet and fight your foes in the open spaces of the world? – John Henry Jowett • It is one of the defects of modern higher education that it has become too much a training in the acquisition of certain kinds of skill, and too little an enlargement of the mind and heart by an impartial survey of the world. – Bertrand Russell • It is proved by surveys that happiness does not come from love, wealth, or power but the pursuit of attainable goals. – Helen Fielding • It is true that the path of human destiny cannot but appal him who surveys a section of it. But he will do well to keep his small personal commentarie to himself, as one does at the sight of the sea or of majestic mountains, unless he knows himself to be called and gifted to give them expression in artistic or prophetic form. In most other cases, the voluminous talk about intuition does nothing but conceal a lack of perspective toward the object, which merits the same judgement as a similar lack of perspective toward men. – Max Weber • It is vain and useless to survey everything that goes on in the world if our study does not help us mend our ways. – Madeleine de Souvre, marquise de Sable • It takes no compromising to give people their rights. It takes no money to respect the individual. It takes no survey to remove repressions. – Harvey Milk • It would be very interesting to make a survey around the world, from wealthy countries to the most advanced countries to see what influence Americans have had. IEmilio Pucci • It’s about average for us. Behavior always draws more than survey. We’re the sexy ones,’ Nate said with a grin. Amy snorted. ‘Oh, yeah, you guys are the Mae Wests of the nerd world.’ We’re action nerds,’ Nate said. ‘Adventure nerds. Nerds of romance. – Christopher Moore • It’s not possible to present an accurate picture of our culture without all the voices of the people in the culture. So at the emerging level, you can’t have a good survey art show without women and artists of color. – Frida Kahlo • I’ve done an informal, anecdotal survey about marriage, and I’ve found no evidence that it brings happiness. – Mary McCormack • I’ve said it before and I’ll say it again. The U.S. Geological Survey has told me that the proven potential for oil in Alaska alone is greater than the proven reserves in Saudi Arabia. – Ronald Reagan • Jocelyn Bell joined the project as a graduate student in 1965, helping as a member of the construction team and then analysing the paper charts of the sky survey. – Antony Hewish • Latest survey shows that 3 out of 4 people make up 75% of the world’s population. – Stephen Hawking • Laws, it is said, are for the protection of the people. It’s unfortunate that there are no statistics on the number of lives that are clobbered yearly as a result of laws: outmoded laws; laws that found their way onto the books as a result of ignorance, hysteria or political haymaking; antilife laws; biased laws; laws that pretend that reality is fixed and nature is definable; laws that deny people the right to refuse protection. A survey such as that could keep a dozen dull sociologists out of mischief for months. – Tom Robbins • Let observation with extensive view, Survey mankind from China to Peru; Remark each anxious toil, each eager strife, And watch the busy scenes of crowded life. – Samuel Johnson • Look back to 1948 when the British Medical Association denounced Aneurin Bevan as ‘a would-be Führer’ for wanting them to join a National Health Service. And Bevan himself described the BMA as ‘politically poisoned people’. A survey at the time showed only 10 per cent of doctors backed the plans … But where would we be today if my predecessors had caved in? – Andrew Lansley • Look. Survey. Inspect. My hair is ruined! I look like a pan of bacon and eggs! – Diana Wynne Jones • Luckily, a recent survey published in the American Sociological Review revealed that atheists are the least trusted group in America—less trusted, even, than homosexuals. It makes sense at least we trust the homosexuals with our hair. – Stephen Colbert • My colleagues and I have done a survey of 13,000 students on more than 17 campuses, and we found that while sex in college has always been a bit more casual, “hooking up” has pretty much replaced other traditional forms of dating.- Michael Kimmel • My father was a soil scientist with the Geological Survey. – Jim Fowler • My mind was once the true survey Of all these meadows fresh and gay; And in the greenness of the grass Did see its hopes as in a glass. – Andrew Marvell • My zest for exhibition has over a long career become increasingly a mania. The ecstasy I feel as I survey work I have done I want to share with the world – not the whole world which couldn’t care less, but my private world, which is my country, Canada. – Joseph Plaskett • No man can survey himself without forthwith turning his thoughts towards the God in whom he lives and moves; because it is perfectly obvious, that the endowments which we possess cannot possibly be from ourselves; nay, that our very being is nothing else than subsistence in God alone. – John Calvin • No one likes doing chores. In happiness surveys, housework is ranked down there with commuting as activities that people enjoy the least. Maybe that’s why figuring out who does which chores usually prompts, at best, tense discussion in a household and, at worst, outright fighting. – Emily Oster • Oh! that you could turn your eyes towards the napes of your necks, and make but an interior survey of your good selves. – William Shakespeare • Oh, sons of earth! attempt ye still to rise. By mountains pil’d on mountains to the skies? Heav’n still with laughter the vain toil surveys, And buries madmen in the heaps they raise. – Alexander Pope • One survey found that ten percent of Americans thought Joan of Arc was Noah’s wife. – Rita Mae Brown • One survey that I saw that was published I think in Variety or Electronic Media within the last three weeks says that now the average hour of radio in the United States has 18 minutes of commercials. – Robert Waterman McChesney • Only by being suspended aloft, by dangling my mind in the heavens and mingling my rare thought with the ethereal air, could I ever achieve strict scientific accuracy in my survey of the vast empyrean. Had I pursued my inquiries from down there on the ground, my data would be worthless. The earth, you see, pulls down the delicate essence of thought to its own gross level. – Aristophanes • Osama bin Laden’s organization has spun out from him and is now probably independent of him. There will be others who will appear and reappear. This is why we need a much more precise, a much more defined, a much more patiently constructed campaign, as well as one that surveys not just the terrorists’ presence but the root causes of terrorism, which are ascertainable. – Edward Said • Our objective is to begin a national conversation to better support individuals and families living with ASD in Canada. The Summit will review the recent National Needs Assessment Survey and provide leaders with a better understanding of ASD surveillance across the country. We are pleased that Minister Bergen will be part of this important discussion. – Cynthia Carroll • Perhaps, in retrospect, there would be little motivation even for malevolent extraterrestrials to attack the Earth; perhaps, after a preliminary survey, they might decide it is more expedient just to be patient for a little while and wait for us to self-destruct. – Carl Sagan • Personal weapons are what raised mankind out of the mud, and the rifle is the queen of personal weapons. The possession of a good rifle, as well as the skill to use it well, truly makes a man the monarch of all he surveys. It realizes the ancient dream of the Jovian thunderbolt, and as such it is the embodiment of personal power. For this reason it exercises a curious influence over the minds of most men, and in its best examples it constitutes an object of affection unmatched by any other inanimate object. – Jeff Cooper • Philosophy, most broadly viewed, is the critical survey of existence from the standpoint of value. – Sidney Hook • Physiology is the basis of all medical improvement and in precise proportion as our survey of it becomes more accurate and extended, it is rendered more solid. – John Gorrie • Piety practiced in solitude, like the flower that blooms in the desert, may give its fragrance to the winds of heaven, and delight those unbodied spirits that survey the works of God and the actions of men; but it bestows no assistance upon earthly beings, and however free from taints of impurity, yet wants the sacred splendor of beneficence. – Samuel Johnson • Readers, on the other hand, have at least 7.5 books going all the time. Actually, the number of books a reader takes on is usually directly related to the number of bathrooms he has in his home and office. I am working on a survey that will show that, over a lifetime, readers are in bathrooms seven years and three months longer than nonreaders. – Calvin Miller • Recent surveys of Church members have shown a serious erosion in the number of families who have a year’s supply of life’s necessities. Most members plan to do it. Too few have begun… It is our sacred duty to care for our families, including our extended families. – Thomas S. Monson • Recent surveys show 3 out of 10 men have a problem with premature ejaculation. The rest just didn’t really think it was a problem! – Frankie Boyle • Roberto Calasso’s survey of the renewed interest in myth demonstrates how decisive the gods’ influence was on modern literature. Calasso is not only immensely learned; he is one of the most original thinkers and writers we have today. – Charles Simic • San Francisco can start right now to become number one. We can set examples so that others will follow. We can start overnight. We don’t have to wait for budgets to be passed, surveys to be made, political wheelings and dealings … for it takes no money … It takes no compromising to give the people their rights. It takes no money to respect the individual. It takes no political deal to give people freedom. It takes no survey to remove repression. – Harvey Milk • School choice opponents are also dishonest when they speak of saving public schools. A Heritage Foundation survey found that 47 percent of House members and 51 percent of senators with school-age children enrolled them in private schools in 2001. Public school teachers enroll their children in private schools to a much greater extent than the general public, in some cities close to 50 percent. – Walter E. Williams • She couldn’t survey the wreck of the world with an air of casual unconcern. – Margaret Mitchell • So their combinations with themselves and with each other give rise to endless complexities, which anyone who is to give a likely account of reality must survey. – Plato • Suddenly, in the space of a moment, I realized what it was that I loved about Britain – which is to say, all of it. Every last bit of it, good and bad – old churches, country lanes, people saying ‘Mustn’t grumble,’ and ‘I’m terribly sorry but,’ people apologizing to ME when I conk them with a careless elbow, milk in bottles, beans on toast, haymaking in June, seaside piers, Ordnance Survey maps, tea and crumpets, summer showers and foggy winter evenings – every bit of it. – Bill Bryson • Survey 2001: Men who never married, never had a child, worked full time and were college educated earn only 85% of what women with the same criteria earn. – Warren Farrell • Survey and test a prospective action before undertaking it. Before you proceed, step back and look at the big picture, lest you act rashly on raw impulse. – Epictetus • Survey data suggest that war has become more unpopular. The majority of the American people now think it was a mistake, in a shift away from the 51 percent that endorsed it on Election Day. Admittedly this is only a small change in the population, from a majority to a minority. Nor do the changers earn grace for their new opinions. They still endorsed the war on Election Day and are still responsible for it. – Andrew Greeley • Survey says: one more for the bad guys. – Scott Hall • Surveys have shown going back as far as you and I can remember that people have perceived a leftward tilt in the basic coverage that they get on TV news. – Brit Hume • Surveys show that many talented and committed young people are reluctant to enter teaching for the long haul because they think the profession is low-paying and not prestigious enough. – Arne Duncan • Surveys show that more than 50 percent of people in the U.S. have prayed the sinner’s prayer and think they’re going to heaven because of it even though there is no detectable difference in their lifestyles from those outside of the church. On this issue- the most important issue on earth- we have to be absolutely clear. We need to preach salvation by repentance before God and faith in the finished work of Christ. – J. D. Greear • Surveys show that surveys never lie. – Natalie Angier • Surveys show that the #1 fear of Americans is public speaking. #2 is death. That means that at a funeral, the average American would rather be in the casket than doing the eulogy. – Jerry Seinfeld • Take the back door,” she said. “Claire, you and your strang friend-” “Eve,” they both said simultaneously, and Eve held out her fst for a bump. “Or, you could call me Eve the Great, Mistress of All She Surveys. Eve for short. – Rachel Caine • That I had never heard of such a bird did not surprise me…. But others more experienced also did not know of the Carolina Parakeet. The more I spoke of the bird, the more it seemed that, somehow, its existence had been a chimera. Admittedly, my survey was small and unscientific, but intelligent people who could reel off the names of various dinosaurs and identify sparrows at epic distances could not name the forgotten parakeet. I realized, forcefully, what I suppose I knew abstractly: Histories, like species, can go extinct. – Christopher Cokinos • The American people want to make sure that the rules of the game are fair. And what that means is that if you look at surveys around Americans’ attitudes on trade, the majority of the American people still support trade. But they’re concerned about whether or not trade is fair, and whether we get the same access to other countries’ markets that they have with us. Is there just a race to the bottom when it comes to wages, and so forth. – Barack Obama • The BBC did a survey of the top 50 things to do before we die. Not while we’re still alive, before we die.- Bill Bailey • The camera relieves us of the burden of memory. It surveys us like God, and it surveys for us. Yet no other god has been so cynical, for the camera records in order to forget. – John Berger • The distribution of wealth is even more unequal than that of income. …The wealthiest 5% of American households held 54% of all wealth reported in the 1989 survey. Their share rose to 61% in 2010 and reached 63% in 2013. By contrast, the rest of those in the top half of the wealth distribution —families that in 2013 had a net worth between $81,000 and $1.9 million —held 43% of wealth in 1989 and only 36% in 2013. – Janet Yellen • The drys seemingly are afraid of the truth. Why not take inventory and ascertain the true conditions. Let us not leave it to the charge of an antiprohibition organization, or to any other private association, let us have an official survey and let the American people know what is going on. A complete and honest and impartial survey would reveal incredible conditions. – Fiorello H. La Guardia • The earliest religious texts in the West ascribe to humankind both a prehistory and a destiny among the gods. M. David Litwa presents a striking survey of the varieties the latter of these beliefs has had, both within and outside the Christian tradition. Becoming Divine reconstructs an accessible and fascinating mosaic of this too-long neglected idea, utilizing figures as disparate as Orphic cultists, Augustine, and Nietzsche. – Terryl L. Givens • The fact disclosed by a survey of the past that majorities have been wrong must not blind us to the complementary fact that majorities have usually not been entirely wrong. – Herbert Spencer • The fact is that surveys which media people openly admit to show that fewer than twelve percent of their customers believe they’re doing a good job, while the average profit margin in television is in the neighborhood of eighty percent. – L. Neil Smith • The good news from the U.S. military survey of focus groups is that Iraqis do accept the Nuremberg principles. They understand that sectarian violence and the other postwar horrors are contained within the supreme international crime committed by the invaders. – Noam Chomsky • The hawk is aerial brother of the wave which he sails over and surveys, those his perfect air-inflated wings answering to the elemental unfledged pinions of the sea. – Henry David Thoreau • The Iraq Survey Group has already found massive evidence of a huge system of clandestine laboratories. – Tony Blair • The Italian historian Armando Petrucci has done more than anyone else to revive interest in public writing. His groundbreaking Public Lettering: Script, Power, and Culture surveys the forms and uses of epigraphic writing from classical antiquity to the twentieth century. – Geoffrey Nunberg • The leader is the one who climbs the tallest tree, surveys the entire situation, and yells, ‘Wrong jungle!’ … Busy, efficient producers and managers often respond … ‘Shut up! We’re making progress!’ – Stephen Covey • The main object of the work was to present such a survey of the advances already made in physical knowledge, and of the mode in which they have been made, as might serve as a real and firm basis for our speculations concerning the progress of human knowledge, and the processes by which sciences are formed. – William Whewell • The majority of surveys throughout this Nation show that the American people are advocating for a comprehensive and realistic approach to immigration reform. – Raul Grijalva • The media transforms the great silence of things into its opposite. Formerly constituting a secret, the real now talks constantly. News reports, information, statistics, and surveys are everywhere. – Michel de Certeau • The much-vaunted sex appeal of American women is drawn from films, reviews and pin-ups, and is in large print fictitious. A recent medical survey in the United States showed that 75% of young American women are without strong sexual feeling and instead of satisfying their libido they seek pleasure narcissistically in exhibitionism, vanity, and the cult of fitness and health in a sterile sense. – Julius Evola • The other three incoming calls were from his building superintendent, his pharmacy and a telephone survey company.” “Bastards. They always call during dinner.” Liv laughed as I slid the sliced steak onto a platter and topped it with sautéed vegetables. “Forget crime lords and corrupt politicians – telemarketers are the root of all evil.” “Now you’re getting it. – Rachel Vincent • The Place of Religion in Chicago is a clearly written account of a little-studied aspect of American landscape. Based on unique field surveys and supported by photographs, tables, and beautifully crafted maps, the book will form a lasting contribution to our understanding of an overlooked element of the American urban scene: the religious landscape of a major metropolis. – Peter Haggett • The Playtex Secrets survey truly uncovered some thought-provoking and provocative secrets of real American housewives. In fact, many of the findings would make great fodder for a storyline on the show! – Alfre Woodard • The pool of illegal immigrants is like a qualified bunch of people. You don’t have to do surveys. You don’t have to interview them. You know they are ready-made Democrat voters. Not only that, they are readymade Democrat constituents. – Rush Limbaugh • The public conviction that a railroad linking the West and the East was an absolute necessity became so pronounced after the gold discoveries of ’49 that Congress passed an act in 1853 providing for a survey of several lines from the Mississippi to the Pacific. – John Moody • The pursuit of science has often been compared to the scaling of mountains, high and not so high. But who amongst us can hope, even in imagination, to scale the Everest and reach its summit when the sky is blue and the air is still, and in the stillness of the air survey the entire Himalayan range in the dazzling white of the snow stretching to infinity? None of us can hope for a comparable vision of nature and of the universe around us. But there is nothing mean or lowly in standing in the valley below and awaiting the sun to rise over Kinchinjunga. – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar • The repeat run of Fawlty Towers (BBC2) drew bigger audiences than ever and deservedly so. Statistical surveys reveal that only the television critic of the Spectator is incapable of seeing the joke, which is that Basil Fawlty has the wrong temperament to be a hotel proprietor, just as some other people have the wrong temperament to be television critics. – Clive James • The spirit’s there and that’s not just my imagination. I think if you look at surveys and attitudes among young people, you see it. – Barack Obama • The survey findings reflect the growing trend toward incentive compensation programs as a way for employers to share the wealth with workers, … Roughly 80 percent of those surveyed offer bonus programs and 401(k) or profit-sharing plans . . . as they compete for the best and brightest workforce. – Jerry Jasinowski • The survey of more than 100 waterways downstream from treatment plants and animal feedlots in 30 states found minute amounts of dozens of antibiotics, hormones, pain relievers, cough suppressants, disinfectants and other products. It is not known whether they are harmful to plants, animals or people. The findings were released yesterday on the Web site of the United States Geological Survey, which conducted the research, and in an online journal, Environmental Science and Technology. – Andrew Revkin • The task of getting the Gospel in an adequate way to every ethnic person is tremedous. There is but one solution. I’m sure that it isn’t man, money, surveys, not talk. They all have their place, but if the basis of all of it isn’t fervent, believing prayer, they are in vain. And prayer should not only be the basis but it should permeate and vitalize the whole work. – William Cameron Townsend • The teachings or the information in the Venus project is not what Jacque Fresco dictates. It’s first doing a survey of the carrying capacity of a given environment and maintaining a population in accordance of the Earth’s resources, not Fresco’s opinion. – Jacque Fresco • The truth is that relative income is not directly related to happiness. Nonpartisan social-survey data clearly show that the big driver of happiness is earned success: a person’s belief that he has created value in his life or the life of others. – Arthur C. Brooks • The whole, though it be long, stands almost complete and finished in my mind so that I can survey it at a glance. Nor do I hear in my imagination the parts successively, but I hear them, as it were, all at once. What delight this is I cannot tell! – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart • There are ancient and modern poems which breathe, in their entirety and in every detail, the divine breath of irony. In such poemsthere lives a real transcendental buffoonery. Their interior is permeated by the mood which surveys everything and rises infinitely above everything limited, even above the poet’s own art, virtue, and genius; and their exterior form by the histrionic style of an ordinary good Italian buffo. – Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel • There are arguments for atheism, and they do not depend, and never did depend, upon science. They are arguable enough, as far as they go, upon a general survey of life; only it happens to be a superficial survey of life. – Gilbert K. Chesterton • There are literally thousands of sites. As I was told in Iraq, information is coming in the entire time, but it is only now that the Iraq survey group has been put together that a dedicated team of people, which includes former UN inspectors, scientists and experts, will be able to go in and do the job properly. – Tony Blair • There is a kind, I might almost say, of artistic satisfaction, when we are able to survey the enormous wealth of Nature as a regularly ordered whole a kosmos, an image of the logical thought of our own mind. – Hermann von Helmholtz • There is a new survey out about the happiest professions. I think the whole premise is flawed. You’re supposed to find true happiness outside of work. From friends, family, and YouTube videos of old people falling down. – Craig Ferguson • There isn’t a clear goal in sight. Osama bin Laden’s organization has spun out from him and is now probably independent of him. There will be others who will appear and reappear. This is why we need a much more precise, a much more defined, a much more patiently constructed campaign, as well as one that surveys not just the terrorists’ presence but the root causes of terrorism, which are ascertainable. – Edward Said • There once was a demographic survey done to determine if money was connected to happiness and Ireland was the only place where this did not turn out to be true. – Fiona Shaw • There was a research I think team, which conducted a survey about what Indians think of Americans, and 71 percent I believe said, well, I think all the nice things about our working together with the United States. But there are people I think that are old mind-sets, who still I think remain mired in the Cold War ideology. – Manmohan Singh • There was a survey done a few years ago that affected me greatly. it was discovered that intelligent people either estimate their intelligence accurately or slightly underestimate themselves, but stupid people overestimate their intelligence and by huge margins. (And these were things like straight up math tests, not controversial IQ tests.) – Harvey Pekar • There`s plenty of other evidence Trump is in sync with the base, including a major survey released that found that 76 percent of Republicans think Islam is incompatible with the American way of life. – Donald Trump • They say the full potential of the human being is called enlightenment, which is infinite consciousness, infinite happiness, zero negativity, zero dying, complete freedom, total fulfillment, and being at one with everything. You can say it’s God realization, or you can say you sit at the feet of the Lord as master of all you survey. You could say it’s totality, total knowledge, and that you are that totality. This is every human being’s birthright: to one day enjoy supreme enlightenment, unity. It’s like the big graduation. – David Lynch • They took a survey: Why do men get up in the middle of the night? Ten percent get up to go to the bathroom and 90 percent get up to go home. – Rodney Dangerfield • This party will not take its position based on public opinion polls. We will not take a stand based on focus groups. We will not take a stand based on phone-in shows or householder surveys or any other vagaries of pubic opinion. – Stephen Harper • Though it is very easy to do valuations, eyeballs and brand prominence surveys, you should never allow any of them to influence the balance sheet. – Ashwin Sanghi • Though with those streams he no resemblance hold, Whose foam is amber and their gravel gold; His genuine and less guilty wealth t’ explore, Search not his bottom, but survey his shore. – John Denham • Time, that takes survey of all the world, Must have a stop. – William Shakespeare • To glorify the past and paint the future is easy, to survey the present and emerge with some light and understanding is difficult. – Lin Yutang • To strive with difficulties, and to conquer them, is the highest human felicity; the next is, to strive, and deserve to conquer: but he whose life has passed without a contest, and who can boast neither success nor merit, can survey himself only as a useless filler of existence; ad if he is content with his own character, must owe his satisfaction to insensibility. – Samuel Johnson • USA Today has come out with a new survey – apparently, three out of every four people make up 75% of the population. – David Letterman • Verse is the natural speech of men, as singing is of birds’The Week’s Survey, 18 June 1904 – Edward Thomas • Very strange bridges are used to make the passage from one state of things to another; we may lose sight of them in our surveys of general history, but their discovery is the glory of historical research. History is not the study of origins; rather it is the analysis of all the mediations by which the past was turned into our present. – Herbert Butterfield • We are here to celebrate the completion of the first survey of the entire human genome. Without a doubt, this is the most important, most wondrous map ever produced by human kind. – William J. Clinton • We constantly see surveys that reveal this ignorance, especially among our high school students,78 percent of whom, in a recent nationwide multiple-choice test, identified Abraham Lincoln as ‘a kind of lobster.’ That’s right: more than three quarters of our nation’s youth could not correctly identify the man who invented the telephone. – Dave Barry • We must, like a painter, take time to stand back from our work, to be still, and thus see what’s what. . . True repose is standing back to survey the activities that fill our days. – William McNamara • We of the third sphere are unable to look at Europe or at Asia as they may survey each other. Wherever we go, across Pacific or Atlantic, we meet, not similarity so much as ‘the bizarre.’ Things astonish us, when we travel, that surprise nobody else. – Mary Ritter Beard • Well for everyone to make a study of astrology for, as indicated, while many individuals have set about to prove the astrological aspects and astrological survey enable one to determine future as well as the past conditions, these are well to the point where the individual understands that these act upon individuals because of their sojourn or correlation of their associations with the environs through which these are shown – see? Rather than the star directing the life, the life of the individual directs the courses of the stars, see? – Edgar Cayce • Well, first of all the Dominion Bureau of Statistics made a survey in the spring of 1970, which showed that on balance the difference in the cost of living between Canadian cities and American cities was 5 % to the advantage, of course, to the Canadian cities. – Leonard Woodcock • What is true about (ex-Iraq Survey Group head) David Kay’s evidence, and this is something I have to accept, and is one of the reasons why I think we now need a new inquiry – it is true David Kay is saying we have not found large stockpiles of actual weapons. – Tony Blair • What we also know is we haven’t found them [weapons of mass destruction] in Iraq – now let the survey group complete its work and give us the report… They will not report that there was no threat from Saddam, I don’t believe. – Tony Blair • When a lion stalks a herd, he sneaks in close, lies down, and surveys them to choose his victim. He takes his time. The deer or buffalo have no idea he’s near. He finds his prey and then he explodes from his hiding place and grabs it. Even if another, perfectly serviceable animal ends up within his reach, he isn’t going to alter his course. He has chosen, and he would rather go hungry than change his mind.- Ilona Andrews • When all thy mercies, O my God, My rising soul surveys, Transported with the view I’m lost, in wonder, love and praise. – Joseph Addison • When Gordon the Brown, in London in 1997, commissioned a great inquisition or survey of his new realm, the result was the so-called national asset register (NAR), which was immediately dubbed by the boomers of the UK Treasury “the modern Domesday Book”. – James Buchan • When I see the blind and wretched state of men, when I survey the whole universe in its deadness, and man left to himself with no light, as though lost in this corner of the universe without knowing who put him there, what he has to do, or what will become of him when he dies, incapable of knowing anything, I am moved to terror, like a man transported in his sleep to some terrifying desert island, who wakes up quite lost, with no means of escape. Then I marvel that so wretched a state does not drive people to despair. – Blaise Pascal • When the United States invaded Iraq, a New York Times/CBS News survey estimated that 42 percent of the American public believed that Saddam Hussein was directly responsible for the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. And an ABC news poll said that 55 percent of Americans believed that Saddam Hussein directly supported al-Qaeda. None of this opinion is based on evidence (because there isn’t any). – Arundhati Roy • When they take surveys of women in business, of the Fortune 500, the successful women, 80% of them, say they were in sports as a young woman. – Billie Jean King • When we mean to build, We first survey the plot, then draw the model; And when we see the figure of the house, Then must we rate the cost of the erection. – William Shakespeare • When we started NFL Films, there were no focus groups, there were no demographic studies, there were no surveys. Every decision that we made, we made with our hearts, not with our heads. And, in the very beginning, we really didn’t even have a business plan. – Steve Sabol • When we survey our lives, seeking to fulfil our creativity, we often see we had a dream that went glimmering because we believed, and those around us believed, that the dream was beyond our reach. – Julia Cameron • When we take a slight survey of the surface of our globe a thousand objects offer themselves which, though long known, yet still demand our curiosity. – Oliver Goldsmith • When William the Conqueror commissioned a great survey of his English realm at Gloucester in 1085, the result was a work so thorough, fair, dispassionate, and wide-ranging that it seemed to the succeeding generations to have come from another world. – James Buchan • With respect to trust, people tell me that it is essential for organizational functioning. Maybe, but most surveys of trust find that trust in leaders is low and nonetheless, organizations role along quite nicely.- Jeffrey Pfeffer • With Twitter and other social networking tools, you can get a lot of advice from great people. I learn more from Twitter than any survey or discussion with a big company.- Daniel Ek • Write, if you must; not otherwise. Do not write, if you can earn a fair living at teaching or dressmaking, at electricity or hod-carrying. Make shoes, weed cabbages, survey land, keep house, make ice-cream, sell cake, climb a telephone pole. Nay, be a lightning-rod peddler or a book agent, before you set your heart upon it that you shall write for a living…. Living? It is more likely to be dying by your pen; despairing by your pen; burying hope and heart and youth and courage in your ink-stand. – Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward • You know all the surveys say that evangelicals have the best sex life of any other group. – Ted Haggard • You may have read that I went to M.I.T. In 1982 I filled out a Who’s Who survey with joking responses, and they never bothered to check the facts. – Chevy Chase • You’d think experienced political professionals would know better than to place their trust in exit polls, notoriously inaccurate surveys that had John Kerry winning the 2004 election by five points when he actually lost by three. – John Podhoretz

[allanamayer]

Zombie formalism.

Sometimes I feel like I could write a whole bonus series of blog posts just responding to some of Sam Popowich’s work. Today I’m just going to touch on Sam’s thoughts about formalism and how it affects libraries.

The most immediate example that came to mind when reading that post was tenure for librarians. Specifically, the tenure and promotion process - specific-specifically, research and scholarly work for librarians. 

As you may know, I think librarian research sucks. I think it sucks real bad. And I hear that sentiment expressed frequently, in public and in private, in official channels, in casual conversations, and as part of an editorial board of an open-access journal on librarian practice. One of the things we strive to do is represent more than just academic librarians in our pages - to solicit and shepherd submissions from public, special, corporate, and other sectors. As you can imagine, it’s super hard to find willing participants who have no time in which to survey/data-explore/write/publish. They also have no workplace support to do so - no higher-ups telling them that it’s okay to pursue an idea or document a pilot project for wide dissemination, no assistance from coworkers on the privacy and ethics aspects of such things, and very few incentives to do so. 

What does this have to do with formalism? I don’t think academic librarians have particularly useful things to write about. They certainly have nothing more innovative or relevant or useful than librarians in other sectors could offer, and because they're overrepresented, what they can contribute has already been mostly done to death. So, our scholarship is inherently less valuable than it could be if it’s not representative of our various sectors. Academic librarians research, write, and publish mainly because of formalism. And it’s bad for us all.

Academic librarians work hard to be accepted as part of academia writ large, for a number of really weak reasons I won’t bother to articulate here - as well as the one good reason, which is job protections. In order to secure tenure and the attendant academic freedoms which allow (some of) us to pursue serious and meaningful ends, librarians end up having to emulate those of professor rank, through research, committee and professional association work, and visible participation in communities of relevance (some more scholarly/visible/relevant/communal than others). Oh and often playing it safe on our pursuits. And then being burnt out when the freedom comes. (Tenure processes have markedly conservatizing effects, which usually means weaker and less meaningful scholarship when the freedom is finally found to pursue it.)

We already know that the outstanding pressures on academics to produce, produce, produce end up creating a vast swath of bad research - thousands of studies done on university undergraduates that have mistakenly been used to write sweeping generalizations on human nature in every shitty magazine you’ve ever read - as well as actual physical and mental breakdowns. Why would we want to emulate this in our own profession, given the added issues of the lack of research-methods and rigor training for library workers, the difficulties in evaluation without being invasive or crossing ethical lines, and the difficulties in getting subjects to even articulate many information-seeking issues? 

The answer is formalism, or, in other words: Play The Game. Perform the steps of the dance, signal the virtues, and hope no one notices that in all your We Can Too dossier you actually, uh, can’t. 

Related: I would love to see what number of “peer-reviewed original research” articles from academic librarians fall into the following categories: active original research surveying multiple subjects who have agreed to participate and take on onerous tasks; passive original research using innocuously-but-intentionally-collected statistics (e.g. website heatmapping); passive data analysis using already-available statistics; case studies with no assessment; single-person perspectives (or “n=1 library research,” as I’m calling it in my head now); theory-ish articles that are lit reviews and some argumentation.

[The best part of all this is the ourobouros of librarians producing tenure-oriented research about faculty status for academic librarians. As if fucking ANYONE wants to read your thinly-veiled gripes about how others have what you don’t. Suck it up.]

The thing is I bet public librarians could be totally great at research, since they already participate in much more rigorous program evaluation and assessment (and have at least a few ties and working relationships with better educators and pedagogical professionals, i.e. public school teachers). 

Anyways. Barbara Fister correctly asks “What conditions lead to our best work?” - and the process that is required to acquire tenure is pretty conclusively not that. There is a lot of writing on this (more and more), and it’s something I’ve thought about for a while.

Some librarians are suited for research; some librarians are suited for teaching; some librarians are suited for practice; some librarians are suited for more than one. Academia needs room for the single-track librarians and the multi-track librarian and needs to offer job protections for both. Then maybe our fucking literature can be a bit less flooded with research-for-tenure’s-sake and a bit more signal-to-noise. At the very least, if academics could find a tenure-worthy activity that doesn’t involve publishing, I would consider it a personal favour.

[equitiesstocks]

How toDo Cost effective Content Marketing for Small Businesses

Official Website: How toDo Cost effective Content Marketing for Small Businesses

Excellent web content advertising and marketing establishes you as an authority in your area, constructs trust fund with clients, develops valuable back links organically through shares, improves your online search engine position, and aids you harness the power of social media networks to enhance your reputation and also get more website traffic for your service website.

– The-Details-:.

— Blog-at-least-three-times-a-week-. Blogging assists you get to new customers, boost internet search engine positions, end up being an idea leader in your specific niche, increase client recognition for your brand, as well as develop a neighborhood of fans. Additionally, your leading web content is more likely to go viral if you turn it into blog posts. — Create-compelling-case-studies-. By making short study of just a few web pages, describing how among your product and services has helped a customer, you construct reputation as well as market yourself in a refined method. Clients are most likely to buy from organisations that give case studies. — Create-white-papers-. Explaining complex subjects carefully and typically including original research, white documents establish you as a specialist in your sector, and also they can be made use of as the foundation for your continuous marketing initiatives, due to the fact that you can transform their crucial findings into post, infographics, overviews, and tweets. — Hold-a-webinar-every-once-in-a-while-. Webinars are online workshops presented as real-time events in which employees from your firm as well as various other professionals you might invite talk about subjects of relevance at terrific size. One of the most popular webinars have a tendency to be academic. — Publish-an-eBook-every-once-in-a-while-. The digital books that are most preferred on the internet cover a topic thorough, supply a lot of pointers, advice, truths, and statistics, and also include images/tables/graphs. It’s an excellent idea to maintain your e-books short and also to the point– that is, under 40 web pages long. — Record-videos-. Video clip how-tos/ situation researches/ interviews are incredibly prominent on the Internet, whether they are published on your web site, social websites, or YouTube channel, and also they are well-regarded by search engines. Numerous customers favor to view a video than to review a post. — Record-weekly-or-monthly-podcasts-. To produce podcasts you need some fundamental recording tools, an interviewer (probably you) and a client or a specialist in your area with whom you can talk about a hot subject. Due to the fact that lots of individuals who otherwise don’t have the time to review your posts can listen to them while they are driving or running or housekeeping, podcasts are valuable. — Tweet-several-times-a-day-. With Twitter you can promote your best article and short articles completely free, begin conversations with leaders in your market, or connect with consumers. Tweets are outstanding for sharing key truths from your research/ white papers/ records with the globe. — Write-articles-and-publish-them-in-good-article-directories-. Short article advertising is not what it made use of to be, it still works for those marketers who utilize it to do indirect advertising, by winning the trust of consumers with beneficial content provided for complimentary. — Write-guest-blog-posts-. Guest posting on preferred blogs in your particular niche brings you web traffic, constructs back links naturally, develops you as an expert, and also assists you get in touch with brand-new audiences in addition to with other people who do what you do. Because Google’s 2012 formula updates, visitor blog writing has actually been, for a lot of online marketers, far more efficient than short article advertising and marketing.

– The-Bottom-Line-:.

Material marketing stays the most efficient method for small businesses to acquire even more exposure online, boost their search engine position, and ultimately enhance their sales. It does call for time, or money (if you use consultants), yet in the long run it constantly settles.

[clickbank-storefront-bestselling]

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'a', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_a').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_a img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'e', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_e').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_e img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'i', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_i').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_i img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'o', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_o').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_o img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'u', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_u').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_u img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'y', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_y').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_y img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

[amlanmallick]

On Independence Day and Republic day, the patriotism within us holds no bar when we see our Tiranga chasing the wind. Our heart fills with pride when we see our brave soldiers who have sacrificed their youth, their lives to safeguard us. Many of us get fascinated by the smart uniforms of army, navy and air force officers. Many of us just wish that if they were the soldiers, they would have fought with the terrorists while they see soldiers receiving bravery awards on various occasions. But many of us don’t know how to make this dream of serving our nation come true. Also, many aspirants fail to convince their parents to choose defence as a career because usually, people think this career is full of hurdles, sleepless nights and life risk. This article is here for you to tell u that how to make a career in defence and what is the creamy side of this career. If you are very passionate to join defence and want to serve your nation then NDA is the right choice for you.

The National Defence Academy (NDA) is the Joint Services academy of the Indian Armed Forces, where the Army, the Navy and the Air Force cadets are trained together before they join their respective service academics. NDA is located at Khadakwasala in Maharashtra. It was inaugurated on 16/01/1955.

BRIEF ABOUT THE TRAINING PROGRAMMES AT NDA:

The Training period in NDA is of three years and split into six semesters. All the admitted candidates are classified according to Squadrons and Battalions. There are 18 Squadrons and 5 Battalions.  During this three years, the cadets are given a very intensive training to make them strong physically, mentally as well as in education. The trainees are also made involved in the activities such as drill, horse riding, swimming etc. Also, they are educated with all the subjects like science, Technology, Arts and Military Subjects. At the end of the course, the candidates are awarded a bachelor’s degree from Jawaharlal Nehru University. After the training, their career starts in Indian army as lieutenants. The navy candidates can be appointed as sub-lieutenants and those who are selected for air force may start their career as flying officers with a handsome salary.

STIPEND DURING TRAINING

The stipend offered to the candidate after getting selected in the interviews for NDA is approximately 21,000/-. So, we can say NDA is one of the highest paying jobs after 12th.

WHY NDA IS ONE OF THE BEST CAREER OPTIONS AFTER 12th?Selection Procedure:

In every exam, academic excellence is given more importance whereas NDA candidates are selected on basis of intelligence, courage, confidence and physical fitness. On the other hand, NDA exam is comparatively easier than the entrance exams of IITs and ISERs.

Job Security:

Once you qualify all the rounds of the exam and join NDA training you secure a respectable job for you. You don’t have to search for jobs after passing from NDA. You will become A1 government gazette officer after your training in NDA is over.

Monetary Benefit:

NDA cadets are paid a good amount of salary along with this all facilities are provided by the government so what they earn that almost remains as saving. Apart from this they also get good stipend during the training period.

No Reservation Category:

For NDA there is no reservation category like other examinations. The candidates get selected only on the basis of knowledge, fitness, and passion to serve the nation.

Opportunity to Serve the Nation with High Dignity:

Every honest and sincere citizen serves the country through his work. But by joining NDA you can serve your country and protect it from harmful forces as a hero. Because the Indian army is considered among the best armies in the world.   On the other hand, when a soldier martyrs, his body is covered with our national flag and utmost respect is given to him with a gun salute which is hardly given to the persons of other professions.

WHY IS IT TOUGH TO BE IN DEFENCE?

Defence guys work in very hard and painful conditions.

They also have tough physical training.

They have to stay away from their families for long.

There is heavy punishment for mistakes and undisciplined behavior. So, they have to lead a very disciplined life.

They always have life risk.

HOW TO GET ADMISSION IN NDA?

After reading this much, the question about the admission process must have come to your mind. Here is the information about the admission process and entrance exam.

The Exam is conducted by Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and the interested candidates can apply online at the official website: http://www.upsconline.nic.in

This entrance test of NDA is held twice a year. i.e. NDA-I and NDA-II.

The first notification comes around September to October and the second notification releases from May to June.

The first entrance exam is conducted around March and April and the Second Test is conducted from August to September.

The candidates are recruited to the Indian army, Indian naval force, and Indian air force through entrance test of NDA.

The shortlisted candidates from the written exam are called on for various interviews.

The tests include physical, psychological and group tasks.

The candidates applying for Air Force will have to appear for an extra test named aptitude battery test.

WHAT IS THE ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA TO JOIN NDA?  

The candidate should be in between 16.5 to 19 years of age.

A candidate who wants to join the Army Wing should have passed 10+2 exam in any stream.

A candidate who wants to join Navy and Air Force should have passed 10+2 exam in science stream with Physics, Chemistry, and Maths.

Only male candidates (unmarried) are allowed to appear for the test.

WHAT IS THE EXAM PATTERN FOR NDA?

The entrance for National Defense Academy comprises of a Written Exam followed by an Intelligence and Personality Test. The written exam consists of two paper i.e Mathematics and General Ability Test.

Paper         Subject                   Duration                             Maximum Marks

I              Mathematics               2.5 hours                                 300

II            General Ability Test     2.5 hours                                  600

Total                                                                                           900

The General Ability Test consists of

Part           Subject                 Maximum                                    Marks

Part              A                        English                                        200

Part               B                      General Knowledge                     400

Total                                                                                           600

All the papers are set in English and Hindi and consist of Objective (multiple choice answer) Type questions only.

The exam will be conducted through offline mode.

There is negative marking in this exam. For every incorrect response, 0.33 marks will be deducted.

Candidates are not permitted to use calculators in the exam.

The candidates have to face the SSB Interview After clearing the written test. The interview process will have total of 900 marks.

WHAT IS SYLLABUS FOR NDA ENTRANCE EXAMINATION?Paper I

Mathematics

In Mathematics paper, questions are asked from the following topics:

Trigonometry, Analytical Geometry of two and three dimensions Algebra, Matrices and Determinants, Differential Calculus, Statistics and Probability, Integral Calculus and Differential Equations, Vector Algebra.

Paper II

Part A: English

To check command of the candidate over the English language. It covers topics like vocabulary, Grammar, and usage, comprehension and cohesion

Part B: General Knowledge

The questions asked in this paper are from Physics, Chemistry, General Science, Social Studies, and History. The other questions come from Geography and Current Affairs and Events.

WHICH ARE BEST BOOKS FOR NDA ENTRANCE EXAM PREPARATION?

NCERT 10th and 12th Mathematics and science books

NDA and Naval Academy By RS Aggarwal  

General Knowledge & Current Affairs

NDA & NA Entrance Examination: Solved Papers

[indiajobsbook]

RBI Recruitment Notification for Grade B Officers Posts

http://indiajobsbook.com/?p=14402 The Reserve Bank of India invites applications from eligible candidates for the post mentioned below in Reserve Bank of India (RBI/Bank): Post Details:

Officers in Grade ‘B’ Direct Recruitment (DR) – General: 156 Posts

Officers in Grade ‘B’ Direct Recruitment (DR) – DEPR: 20 Posts

Officers in Grade ‘B’ Direct Recruitment (DR) – DSIM: 23 Posts

Total No. of Posts: 199 Posts Before applying, candidates should ensure that they fulfil the eligibility criteria for the advertised posts. Reserve Bank of India Services Board, hereinafter referred to as 'Board’, would admit to the Examinations all the candidates applying for the post with the requisite fee/intimation charges (wherever applicable) based on the information furnished in the ONLINE application and shall determine their eligibility only at the final stage i.e. interview stage. If at that stage, it is found that any information furnished in the ONLINE application is false/ incorrect or if according to the Board, the candidate does not satisfy the eligibility criteria for the post, his/ her candidature will be cancelled and he/she will not be allowed to appear for interview and can be removed from service without notice, if he/she has already joined the Bank. Mode of Application: Candidates are required to apply ONLINE only through the Bank's website www.rbi.org.in. No other mode for submission of application is available. Brief Instructions for filling up the "Online Application Form" are given in Appendix-I: (i) Online applications for Gr B – (DR) – GENERAL/DEPR/DSIM – 2019 Educational Qualifications: Officers in Grade 'B' (DR) - (General)- A minimum of 60% marks (50% in case of SC/ST/PwBD) or an equivalent grade in Bachelor's degree as well as in 12th (or Diploma or equivalent) and 10th Standard examinations.  The minimum qualifying percentage or an equivalent grade for the Bachelor’s degree will be in aggregate for all semesters / years Officers in Grade 'B' (DR) – DEPR: A Master's Degree in Economics / Econometrics / Quantitative Economics / Mathematical Economics / Integrated Economics Course/ Finance, with a minimum of 55% marks or an equivalent grade in aggregate of all semesters /years from a recognised Indian or Foreign University /Institute; OR b. PGDM/ MBA Finance with a minimum of 55% marks or an equivalent grade in aggregate of all semesters /years from a recognised Indian or Foreign University /Institute; OR c. Master’s Degree in Economics in any of the sub-categories of economics i.e. agricultural/ business/ developmental/ applied, etc., with a minimum of 55% marks or an equivalent grade in aggregate of all semesters /years from a recognised Indian or Foreign University /Institute. Note: SC, ST and PwBD candidates having second class with a minimum of 50% marks or equivalent grade in aggregate of all semesters / years in Master's Degree examination or equivalent recognized qualifications are eligible to apply. Officers in Grade 'B' (DR) – DSIM: A Master's Degree in Statistics/ Mathematical Statistics/ Mathematical Economics/ Econometrics/ Statistics & Informatics from IIT-Kharagpur/ Applied Statistics & Informatics from IIT-Bombay with a minimum of 55% marks or equivalent grade in aggregate of all semesters / years; OR b. Master's Degree in Mathematics with a minimum of 55% marks or an equivalent grade in aggregate of all semesters / years and one year post graduate diploma in Statistics or related subjects from an Institute of repute; OR c. M. Stat. Degree of Indian Statistical Institute with a minimum of 55% marks in aggregate of all semesters / years; OR d. Post Graduate Diploma in Business Analytics (PGDBA) jointly offered by ISI Kolkata, IIT Kharagpur and IIM Calcutta with a minimum of 55% marks or equivalent grade in aggregate of all semesters/years. Age Limits: (a) A candidate must have attained the age of 21 years and must not have attained the age of 30 years on the 1st of September 2019 i.e., he/she must have been born not earlier than 2nd September 1989 and not later than 1st September 1998. For candidates possessing M.Phil. and Ph.D. qualification, upper age limit will be 32 and 34 years respectively. (For more visit official website) HOW TO APPLY: (a) Candidates are required to apply only online using the website www.rbi.org.in and no other means/mode of application will be accepted. Detailed instructions for filling up online applications are available at Appendix-I which is available on the Bank’s website www.rbi.org.in. The applicants are advised to submit a single application; however, if due to any unavoidable situation, if he/she submits another/multiple applications, then he/she must ensure that application with the higher Registration ID (RID) is complete in all respects like applicant’s details, examination centre, photograph, signature, left thumb impression and hand writing undertaking, fee etc. The applicants who are submitting multiple applications should note that only the last completed applications with higher RID shall be entertained by the Board and fee paid against one RID shall not be adjusted against any other RID. (b) All candidates, whether already in Government Service, Government owned industrial undertakings or other similar organisations, whether in a permanent or temporary capacity or as work charged employees other than casual or daily rated employees or those serving under the Public Enterprises are required to submit an undertaking in the Online application that they have informed in writing to their Head of Office/Department that they have applied for the Examination. Candidates should note that in case a communication is received from their employer by the Board withholding permission to the candidates applying for/appearing at the examination, their application will be liable to be rejected/candidature will be liable to be cancelled. At the time of joining, the recommended candidates will have to bring proper discharge certificates from their PSU/Government/Quasi-Government employer. SERVICE CONDITIONS/ CAREER PROSPECTS: (i) Pay Scale: Selected Candidates will draw a starting basic pay of ₹ 35,150/- p.m. in the scale of Rs. 35150-1750 (9)-50900-EB-1750 (2)-54400-2000 (4)-62400 applicable to Officers in Grade B and they will also be eligible for Dearness Allowance, Local allowance, House Rent Allowance, Family allowance and Grade Allowance as per rules in force from time to time. At present, initial monthly Gross emoluments are approximately ₹ 77,208/-(approx.) Note: For candidates possessing very high academic or professional qualification / experience of significant value to the Bank, the Bank may, at its sole discretion, consider granting up to four advance increments. The Board, at its sole discretion, may consider requests for higher emoluments because of higher qualification/special experience of value to the Bank at the interview stage only. Such information may be furnished in the Bio-data Form in the appropriate column. The number of increments will be maximum four. The Board/Bank will not entertain any request received after the interview. (ii) Seniority: Candidates selected from separate recruitments for the post of Officer in Gr. B (DR) for General, DEPR, DSIM streams will join the Combined Seniority Group and the seniority among these Officers will be fixed according to the ranking worked out by using the standard percentile score of aggregate marks of selected candidates. (iii) Perquisites: Bank’s accommodation, subject to availability, reimbursement of expenses for maintenance of vehicle for official purpose, newspaper, telephone charges, book grant, allowance for furnishing of residence, etc. as per eligibility. Free dispensary facility besides reimbursement of medical expenses for OPD treatment/hospitalization as per eligibility. Interest free festival advance, Leave Fare Concession (once in two years for self, spouse and eligible dependents). Loans and Advances at concessional rates of interest for Housing, Vehicle, Education, Consumer Articles, Personal Computer, etc. Selected candidates will be governed by ‘the defined contribution New Pension Scheme (NPS)’, in addition to the benefit of Gratuity. (iv) At certain centres, limited number of residential quarters are available. Facility for securing residential accommodation on lease, however, exists at all centres. (v) Initial appointment will be on probation for a period of two years. At Bank’s discretion, the probationary period may be extended up to a maximum period of four years. (vi) There are reasonable prospects for promotion to higher grades. (vii) Selected candidates are liable to be posted and transferred anywhere in India. LAST DATE OF RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS: The Online Applications can be filled up to October 11, 2019 till 12:00 midnight. Detailed Information: Click here for detail Advertisement and other Information

[callmemoprah]

Writing a Master ‘s Thesis Tips

{

Decide if you prefer to do a thesis to make it through your Masters as swiftly as possible or to do a thesis in an area which you are really passionate about. So, you’re preparing to compose a Ph.D. dissertation in an experimental region of Computer Science. Address the importance of the topic that you’ve chosen.

Aldous Huxley, a top essayist, gives guidance on the discipline. Questionnaire when you plan to use a questionnaire, I wish to find the questionnaire before using it. Long theses won’t be read!

How to Find Writing a Master’s Thesis Online

There is nobody recipe that will do the job for everybody, which is the reason why it’s important to have a deeper comprehension of the objective of a Master’s thesis which you can adapt to your research, your context, and buy a custom essay your own goals as a writer. To guarantee that you will see a complete answer to every question, we’ve got a support team that is always online. You don’t want to have the trustworthiness of a guy or woman without needing sense online proofreading test of humor.

A universal medical care program just like the setup of the school system should be put into place by the federal government and would create unforeseen positive consequences. Attempt to develop a few possible topics if you happen to encounter a deficiency of supporting information. If you meet the requirements for different types of government assistance, you might have the ability to get help with an absolutely free netbook or laptop computer.

You don’t need to commit to just 1 idea at the start of the practice. A whole lot of various data linked to the subject of divorce can be found on the internet, but it’s essential to use only the latest statistics taken from official and reputable on-line sources. There’s no particular method that will always cause an ideal thesis every moment.

Both the argument and your thesis are very likely to require adjustment on the way. When you sit down to compose a thesis statement, make sure you have a very clear opinion about your topic. Above all, it makes a statement.

An additional way to use the sample is to read the introduction and a few of the paragraphs. Following your very https://www.privatewriting.com/custom-essay first term here you must have a rough idea what you’re interested in. If you make your thesis statement first, it is really going to help you limit your topic and center on the ideas you need to get across to your audience in your speech.

Because you depart from your reader with the conclusion it is crucial to end your bit of writing well. Believe me, it’s a terrible concept to get started writing an essay the minute you finish reading the essay prompt. All humor aside, to get to the goal you need to devote some writing.

While making the cover page for an essay may be the easiest task that you must undertake while essay writing, it’s also possibly the previous portion of your essay which requires attention, and that might be the reason you wind up making silly errors that appear really bad once an examiner requires a look at your essay. Every paper you write need to have a most important point, a principal notion, or central message. Another scaffolded writing choice can appear at the start of each chapter, explaining the way the chapter fits into the sequence with the prior chapter.

This article offers you useful hints on the best way to cite sources in your PhD paper. The literature section constitutes a significant part your thesis.

Rhetorical analysis thesis includes all the aims and aims of the thesis which should be taken into consideration when writing the specific thesis. Thesis statement presents the principal idea of the entire essay, whilst topic sentence formulates the important information of one paragraph. Creating a thesis statement.

If you discover an intriguing paper then consider the author’s web website and see what links are there. You will discover some foremost types of essays. Excellent luck on a tricky essay topic.

Now https://www.ucc.edu/documents/academics/course-catalog-archive/2014-2015_Union_County_College_Catalog.pdf and only now do you get started writing, following your thesis, outline and almost all of your research. The outline should compose of all of the things which you want to put in your PhD thesis paper. An excellent outline is a significant element in writing a fantastic paper.

You will have to realize your thesis instructor to get the thesis section number. Or you might have to revise your thesis to coordinate with the evidence and insights that you need to talk about. Nowadays you have a working thesis!

When you order a custom made thesis, you don’t overpay. Ultimately, the thesis statement and the paper ought to be fully connected. Or, you might receive a totally free thesis paper from our set of examples to understand how to compose a thesis by yourself.

Your education thesis topic might not be original, but nevertheless, it ought to be manageable and rich in available. Since an academic paper isn’t one which you’re writing for leisure, it’s essential that you use our professional essay proofreading service. Most students will probably need some sort of essay assistance sooner or later, but among the fundamental academic essay writing suggestions is to stick to a plan and to stick with it.

Source: http://mobimatic.io/2018/12/26/writing-a-master-s-thesis-tips/

[dorothydelgadillo]

Sans Forgetica: A Font for Memory Recall from Australian Designers, Scientists

Serif fonts are often chosen for printed works, because the little extra bit of "flair"  that sans serif fonts lack makes it easier for our brains to process and identify the letters (and the words they form) we're reading. 

But how often do we forget the words we've just read? How quickly do newly-consumed thoughts and ideas seem to disappear, no matter how much we wish to retain them?

(If you're like me, this happens a lot. Because I have the memory recall of a concussed goldfish.)

This is what a team of designers and scientists out of RMIT University in Australia sought to solve for with the creation and release of their new font, Sans Forgetica, a free-to-download web font designed to help others remember better what they are reading. 

Sans Forgetica

At first glance, you might be confused.

How can a font that looks even harder to decipher than its more traditional typographic counterparts help readers better retain and recall the words and ideas they're consuming?

How Does Sans Forgetica Work?

The contrary, mentally-challenging construction of the font is exactly why it works, according to Stephen Banham of RMIT University:

"...the essence of what we've done is that we've actually subverted the kind of conventional reading patterns by creating, firstly, a back slant, which is a slant that runs counter to the normal direction of the italics.

You know how italics usually run to the right?

Well, ours is back slanting to the left, which is unconventional. And then on top of that, we have then made the parts of the letter-form incomplete. And what that basically does - that kind of plays a slight trick on the mind, which is, of course, the mind instantly tries to resolve shapes, resolve circles and diagonals and so forth.

And so that actually slows down the process of reading inside your brain. And then it can actually trigger memory."

Stephen Banham, typography lecturer at RMIT University

However, the intent of the RMIT team is not to suddenly have us embrace a digital world where all content is rendered in Sans Forgetica. 

When Should Sans Forgetica Be Used?

Instead, those considering using it should practice thoughtful and purposeful implementation. 

Banham continued:

"If you were to read a novel in Sans Forgetica, it would probably induce a terrible headache. It's more about actually to be used as a highlight typeface in study notes so that you would only use this in a very, very selective manner."

For example, students, academics, general internet perusers, and other online readers can download a Google Chrome extension (also free), that allows to them highlight any text they find online and automatically convert it into Sans Forgetica.

(A great idea, to be sure, although some reviews and our own personal testing suggest the extension needs more refinement.) 

The official Sans Forgetica website also allows visitors to type in any text in the font and download an image of that text for their own use:

...and don't you forget it!

Not only does this present opportunities for students to leverage the font in memorizing facts, figures, and other data, Sans Forgetica should intrigue marketers, as well.

While you would never want to build an entire website or write an article with Sans Forgetica, you could use the font when presenting key quotes, statistics, or power statements in content, for a greater chance of staying power. 

Of course, Sans Forgetica is very new. And while it was designed following extensive, expert research and rigorous testing, practical application "in the wild," so to speak, has only just begun. 

Moreover, some consumers are unsure of the accessibility of Sans Forgetica, including this Washington Post reader:

"...about five years ago I began to develop cataracts, and reading became more difficult, because it got harder and more of a struggle to make out the words on the page.  That didn't make anything I read more memorable, it just made it far less enjoyable.  And I found myself reading less because of it.

If you have to use brain tricks to get people to remember what they are reading, it may be because what they are reading isn't all that memorable or well-written to begin with. 

And if one must constantly struggle because of an intentionally frustrating font, even if they do remember what they have read, they probably will not have found the experience enjoyable."

Even with those concerns in mind, however, we have to acknowledge content consumption is undeniably more of an online activity for much of the population -- especially those of us in the inbound marketing space who cater to digital audiences.

While creating quality content should always be our top priority as inbound marketers, we should also be on the lookout for ways to augment and improve the content experience for our audiences -- and Sans Forgetica may end up being a powerful tool in our arsenal, if deployed with purpose.

from Web Developers World https://www.impactbnd.com/blog/australian-designers-scientists-create-sans-forgetica-a-font-for-memory-recall

[theleaderdotinfo-blog]

Reasons Why Students Should Write More Often has been published at http://www.theleader.info/2018/10/08/reasons-students-write-often/

New Post has been published on http://www.theleader.info/2018/10/08/reasons-students-write-often/

Reasons Why Students Should Write More Often

Why writing is important in life? The writing industry is full of challenges and pressure, so as the lives of students who find it difficult to write their essays themselves. The trend of outsourcing the writing projects to essay writing company, like Essay Zoo has increased significantly, and students won’t be able to establish themselves in the professional lives since they do not have an idea how writing can benefit them. They may get good marks, but cannot be assured of success when they become engineers, doctors, businessmen, or workers after completing their studies. If you are a student who is more into outsourcing the essays, then you should go through the following reasons why we write.

1. Writing improves communication skills

A core importance of writing skills in college is that it helps you improve your communication skills and enables you to speak of your mind. For example, if you have been asked to write a personal opinion essay on a particular topic, then you will use your six senses to come up with the quality content and need to share personal opinion while supporting your arguments with valid examples. This entire process helps you tell your story from your own perspective and allows you to become confident. When you enter the professional life, this skill can be used to tell your story and to keep the people’s attention intact.

2. Remove stress from the mind, place on paper

There are different types of writing, and all of them are used to remove stress from one’s mind. For example, if you have been asked to write a topic on domestic abuse and you have been a victim of the same problem, then it can be your chance to put your pressure, depression, and stress on a paper and come up with what is great and outstanding. Students who are required to write persuasive or narrative essays are the ones who can manage stress since they are allowed to tell their stories without any fear or hesitation. It eventually prepares them for a bright and successful future.

3. Organic outreach

How to be a good writer in English? If you are not good at writing but have developed a website, then the organic reach may not possible until or unless you do not learn how to write. As a student, you can impress a large number of classmates and of course your teacher by describing things in your own words. There is no need to seek the help of an essay writing company in this regard as most of them are good for nothing or provide students with plagiarized and copied work.

4. Writing helps students review and remember recently learned materials

Custom Essay Order indicates that writing helps students remember their difficult lessons. It is the major importance of academic writing to students because they equip themselves with great learning skills and step toward a bright and successful tomorrow. For example, if you are having problems with memorizing a statistical theory, then writing it on a notebook or the Word file will allow you to remember it. The same is the situation of other topics, subjects, and study materials. You can learn almost everything if you dig deeper, collect some information and put your writing skills to work.

5. Developing Your Analytical Skills

One of the main causes of poor writing skills is that students lack analytical skills. If you choose to write every day, then you will eventually develop the analytical and critical thinking skills and can come up with quality essays. You may use cheap research paper samples to have better results.  Even when the teacher has not assigned a topic, you can write yourself to be able to become a good writer and to boost your confidence and analytical skills to an extent. Plus, your attention will not be distracted by negative things since writing can keep you busy.

6. To attract women

Why does writing matter? While at the college or university, you may want to make a girlfriend or to attract women toward yourself. Am I right? It has become a trend in institutions where coeducation is promoted. By boosting your confidence and improving your writing skills, you can certainly leave a good impression on the females of your class and of course the teacher.

7. To be an expert

Who wouldn’t love to be an expert in his respective field? If you have chosen business administration as your major, you might want to become a professional and successful businessman. Isn’t it so? The only way to fulfill your dreams of a well-paying life is by writing on a regular basis. The chance is that you will have to write official documents and manuscripts, so the preparations need to be done from this moment.

8. Writing encourages creativity and exploration

Except for writing, there is no good and easy way to become a creative-minded person. Thus, we can say that writing encourages creativity and helps you explore a new world of opportunities and choices. For instance, if you keep writing essays yourself and then enter the writing industry, you will be able to develop a personal blog and write articles, which will help you to make a lot of money and will boost your creativity to an extent.

9. Writing is essential for self-understanding

Writing does help you to develop an understanding of your traits and characteristics. Sometimes the students are required to write compare and contrast essays or are asked to compare themselves with their own friends. It is the time to explore your hidden skills and speak the truth about your likes and dislikes while comparing your life’s story with that of a friend’s life. With these things in mind, you will certainly be able to open the doors of endless opportunities for yourself. Students should outsource their essays only when there is an emergency, and need not make it a habit since it can ruin their enti

[superanimationthingba3a]

Research Report, Research

Websites:

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=6&ved=2ahUKEwiO_ozywo_dAhUjK8AKHZw5DjsQFjAFegQIChAC&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.miptrends.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F01%2Fmiptv-mipcom-kids-live-action-TV-strikes-back-in-the-online-age.pdf&usg=AOvVaw1FJgmNIYJo0CptsAZH1Kyd, Aled Evans, Unknown, Live Action Strikes Back, (28th August 2018)

https://onepost.co.nz/4-reasons-why-animation-is-better-than-live-action/ ,Oneposter, November 2 2017, 4 Reasons Why Animation is Better than Live Action, (28 August 2018)

http://greenorc.com/2015/09/why-animated-movies-are-better-than-live-action/ , GreenOrc, September 22nd 2015, Top 10 Reasons why Animated Movies are better than Live Action, August 28th 2018)

https://studybreaks.com/tvfilm/where-live-action-falls-short-in-favor-of-anime/ ,Lucy Zhang, October 6th 2016, Why Anime Films Will Always Be Superior To Live Action, (August 28th 2018)  

https://demandspring.com/blog/the-pros-and-cons-of-live-action-and-animated-video/ ,Karen Morad, January 31st 2017, The pros and cons of live-action and animated video, (August 28th 2018)  

‘Michelangelo, Beethoven, van Gogh, Emily Dickinson, and so many others who through their work, altered the course of human existence, were also known to wrestle with powerful inner demons.’ - https://bigthink.com/philip-perry/is-there-a-link-between-creativity-and-mental-illness ,Philip Perry, 2017, Is There a Link between Creativity and Mental Illness?, (August 28th 2018)

https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/creative-explorations/201503/creativity-and-mental-illness ,Albert Rothenberg, M.D, March 8th 2015, Creativity and Mental Illness, (August 28th 2018)

‘Scientists in Iceland report that genetic factors that raise the risk of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are found more often in people in creative professions.’ - https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/jun/08/new-study-claims-to-find-genetic-link-between-creativity-and-mental-illness ,Ian Sample, June 8th 2015, New study claims to find genetic link between creativity and mental illness, (August 28th 2018)

‘The UK has seen a reduction in the popularity of creative subjects like art and music due to the perception that they are soft subjects. In 2016, official statistics released by Ofqual showed that exam entries for arts subjects had decreased by 8% at GCSE, while the number of candidates taking science subjects grew by over 100,000.’- https://www.berkeleysquares.co.uk/2017/01/why-are-creative-subjects-important-in-school/ ,James Smithson, January 17th 2017, Why are creative subjects important in school?, (August 28th 2018)

‘In 2016, the proportion of pupils taking at least one arts subject fell to the lowest in a decade.’- https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/feb/01/school-creative-subjects-taught-me-the-art-of-living ,Rhiannon Lucy Cosslett, February 1st 2018, School’s creative subjects taught me the art of living, (August 28th 2018)

‘The ‘one size fits all’ approach to learning has been consistently disproved which leads to question why academic policies are still working to suit the many, when the many is yet to be distinguished. Studies have shown that creative art subjects in schools enhances the process of development in a standardised learning environment.’- https://www.teacherboards.co.uk/community/is-creative-arts-a-beneficial-subject/ ,Teacher Boards, February 1st 2017, Are Creative Arts Subjects Beneficial?, (August 28th 2018)

http://www.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=3746476 ,Ellen Booth Church, Unknown, Why Colors and Shapes Matter, (August 28th 2018)

‘What happens when males position themselves on the pink side of the spectrum? We immediately assume that the male is signaling his sexual or gender identity, i.e., his homosexuality, with the well-known “logic” of ‘boys who like boys are basically girls’. Pink, in this case is a badge of shame in the color coding of socially undesirable boys or men.’- https://munsell.com/color-blog/why-that-color-gender/ ,Aleksandar Macasev, Unknown, Gender… Why that Color?, (August 28th 2018)

‘however, this kind of symbolization may threaten children to “choose sides”. Children are easily influenced by the others’ thinking, especially their peers’. They think these colors belong to them respectively.’- https://tina3284.wordpress.com/color/ ,Unknown, April 6th 2012, The color of gender stereotypes, (August 28th 2018)

‘In 1927, department stores like Filenes and Marshall Field were still suggesting pink for boys. The current fashion didn’t get established until the 1940s.’- https://brooks.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/22/pink-and-blue/ ,David Brooks, April 22nd 2011, Pink and Blue, (August 28th 2018)

Blog:

https://austinchildrensacademy.org/children-learning-shapes-and-colors/ ,Austin Children’s Academy, October 27th 2017, What Age Should Your Child Learn Shapes and Colors?, (August 28th 2018) Blog

‘A 1918 article in a trade journal called Earnshaw's Infants' Department stated that as pink was a strong, distinct colour, it was suitable for boys, and as blue was delicate and dainty, it was suitable for girls. This was however just a suggestion as clothes for children were largely gender neutral during this period.’- https://www.huffingtonpost.in/aradhana-pandey/pink-and-blue-the-myth-be_b_9191840.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer_us=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_cs=ARxQmOtvQYRL6h74Foujzg ,Aradhana Pandey, February 12th 2016, Pink And Blue: The Colours Of Gender Stereotyping, (August 28th 2018) Blog

Online Videos:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLAeT8BXG1w ,RUSU Vids, January 29th 2018, Mental Health Awareness 2018 - Depression Isn't Obvious (August 28th 2018)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAHt59KGVes ,Lloyd’s Bank, March 12th 2018, Lloyds Bank - #GetTheInsideOut Ad 2, (August 28th 2018)

My research today was a little more focused on one of my never chapters where I look at the effect creativity can have, and how having creative subjects in school can help children express themselves and any other ways it can help. I am also looking to the stereotyping with colour and whether having these stereotypes it is effect peoples creativity or forcing people into a box. With the online videos I was able to find to advert videos made for mental health awareness, one was made by the mental health awareness charity and the other by lloyds bank.   

[networkingdefinition]

How toDo Cost effective Content Marketing for Small Businesses

Official Website: How toDo Cost effective Content Marketing for Small Businesses

Excellent web content advertising and marketing establishes you as an authority in your area, constructs trust fund with clients, develops valuable back links organically through shares, improves your online search engine position, and aids you harness the power of social media networks to enhance your reputation and also get more website traffic for your service website.

– The-Details-:.

— Blog-at-least-three-times-a-week-. Blogging assists you get to new customers, boost internet search engine positions, end up being an idea leader in your specific niche, increase client recognition for your brand, as well as develop a neighborhood of fans. Additionally, your leading web content is more likely to go viral if you turn it into blog posts. — Create-compelling-case-studies-. By making short study of just a few web pages, describing how among your product and services has helped a customer, you construct reputation as well as market yourself in a refined method. Clients are most likely to buy from organisations that give case studies. — Create-white-papers-. Explaining complex subjects carefully and typically including original research, white documents establish you as a specialist in your sector, and also they can be made use of as the foundation for your continuous marketing initiatives, due to the fact that you can transform their crucial findings into post, infographics, overviews, and tweets. — Hold-a-webinar-every-once-in-a-while-. Webinars are online workshops presented as real-time events in which employees from your firm as well as various other professionals you might invite talk about subjects of relevance at terrific size. One of the most popular webinars have a tendency to be academic. — Publish-an-eBook-every-once-in-a-while-. The digital books that are most preferred on the internet cover a topic thorough, supply a lot of pointers, advice, truths, and statistics, and also include images/tables/graphs. It’s an excellent idea to maintain your e-books short and also to the point– that is, under 40 web pages long. — Record-videos-. Video clip how-tos/ situation researches/ interviews are incredibly prominent on the Internet, whether they are published on your web site, social websites, or YouTube channel, and also they are well-regarded by search engines. Numerous customers favor to view a video than to review a post. — Record-weekly-or-monthly-podcasts-. To produce podcasts you need some fundamental recording tools, an interviewer (probably you) and a client or a specialist in your area with whom you can talk about a hot subject. Due to the fact that lots of individuals who otherwise don’t have the time to review your posts can listen to them while they are driving or running or housekeeping, podcasts are valuable. — Tweet-several-times-a-day-. With Twitter you can promote your best article and short articles completely free, begin conversations with leaders in your market, or connect with consumers. Tweets are outstanding for sharing key truths from your research/ white papers/ records with the globe. — Write-articles-and-publish-them-in-good-article-directories-. Short article advertising is not what it made use of to be, it still works for those marketers who utilize it to do indirect advertising, by winning the trust of consumers with beneficial content provided for complimentary. — Write-guest-blog-posts-. Guest posting on preferred blogs in your particular niche brings you web traffic, constructs back links naturally, develops you as an expert, and also assists you get in touch with brand-new audiences in addition to with other people who do what you do. Because Google’s 2012 formula updates, visitor blog writing has actually been, for a lot of online marketers, far more efficient than short article advertising and marketing.

– The-Bottom-Line-:.

Material marketing stays the most efficient method for small businesses to acquire even more exposure online, boost their search engine position, and ultimately enhance their sales. It does call for time, or money (if you use consultants), yet in the long run it constantly settles.

[clickbank-storefront-bestselling]

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'a', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_a').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_a img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'e', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_e').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_e img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'i', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_i').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_i img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'o', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_o').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_o img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'u', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_u').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_u img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );

jQuery(document).ready(function($) var data = action: 'polyxgo_products_search', type: 'Product', keywords: 'y', orderby: 'rand', order: 'DESC', template: '1', limit: '4', columns: '4', viewall:'Shop All', ; jQuery.post(spyr_params.ajaxurl,data, function(response) var obj = jQuery.parseJSON(response); jQuery('#thelovesof_y').html(obj); jQuery('#thelovesof_y img.swiper-lazy:not(.swiper-lazy-loaded)' ).each(function () var img = jQuery(this); img.attr("src",img.data('src')); img.addClass( 'swiper-lazy-loaded' ); img.removeAttr('data-src'); ); ); );