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anthonychiozza · 6 years ago

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The Genocide Of The Innocent: Reprint From 12/19/15

Written by: Anthony Chiozza

Hearing about babies dissected alive could lead one to despair easily. Those that are still in touch with their own soul feel an anger, and deep pain that can not be adequately communicated with the pen. Children of God for Life’s facebook page states the following: “Dr. Ian Donald explained what he witnessed at Karolinska Institute to Fr Paul Marx at HLI several years ago: Experiments were being performed on near-term alive aborted babies who were not even afforded the mercy of anesthetic as they writhed and cried in agony, and when their usefulness had expired, they were executed and discarded as garbage.” Difficult words to read for those with a soul. (1) For the record, the Karolinska Institute is located in Sweden. (2) However, the United States, Planned Parenthood, and the citizens of this country have enough blood on their hands as well, as revealed by the recent Planned Parenthood “scandal.” The only scandal that I am aware of is that millions of babies have been exterminated for years.

There are not enough human tears to be wept that can make up for the atrocities committed against the weakest of the human species. Perhaps you have considered that I sound more like a humanist than a Catholic, but let me assure you that I fully expect God’s wrath to pour out upon this disgusting, “modern” society sooner rather than later. Some people hear, “God’s Wrath,” and they assume that this is some kind of evil God that enjoys punishing people. My theology might be off on this, but in any case, this is how my perception of this concept works itself out in my mind. God loves us so much that He weeps while having to destroy us, because we have rejected His love. If we think back to Scripture Jesus sheds tears on Jerusalem. His own people did not accept His Love, and Rome would decimate the city precisely as Jesus prophesized. Further, God’s Chastisements can also lead many to repent before death, and spare them an eternal death in hell.

For the record, I used to vote for politicians that murder babies. I was once a full functioning member of the “Culture of Death,” in almost every regard. I have, through God’s mercy, had the good fortune to be slapped awake by Him, and I confessed those sins. These are just some of my sins, but how many pretend there is some subtle discussion to have about voting for millions of babies being slaughtered, while weighing the economic pros and cons? This cannot be considered clear reasoning. Considering if one should vote liberal to stop war is a more valid line of reasoning to follow, but also a line of reasoning that ultimately fails. Surely, liberals would continue to vote democrat if we were murdering Jews at home, but wanted to avoid killing others in wars abroad? I can hear the discussion now. “Well it is true that ‘Feel the Burn’ Sanders and Hillary want to keep murdering Jews in our country, but at least people won’t die in war abroad.” There is no subtle discussion to be had here.

War is upon us, and it has been upon us for a long time, and many lives will be lost in war. Even under supposedly liberal leadership the slaughter of war continues, and whose fault is that? Those that have held the reigns of power in the past are guilty. Specifically, the Bush administration, which was fully stocked with a gaggle of neoconservatives. We cannot leave out Hillary Clinton, as she voted for the unjust war as well. The neocons didn’t listen to Saint John Paul II when he said they could not go to war in the middle east! “John Paul has insisted that war is a "defeat for humanity" and that a preventive strike against Iraq is neither legally nor morally justified.” (3)

News flash for the Liberals out there laughing at the Neocons’ clouded reason, and disobedience to the Holy Father. Democrats have supported genocide much longer than any Republican Neocon, that didn’t listen to the Pope concerning the wars in the Middle East. This is not an excuse for the Bush administration’s disobedience to the Pope, but an important theological point! War is a punishment for the very crimes Liberals continue to support, by voting for leadership that is willing to sacrifice babies at Lucifer’s alter. When Our Lady of Fatima appeared to three shepherd children she confirmed Scripture, that war is indeed a punishment for sin. (4) (5)

Again, why do Liberals continue to vote this way even though many of them are Catholic? This vote is in trade for some false perception of economic advantage, or a misguided line of reasoning thinking we will spare lives by preventing war. I hear the emotional counter arguments now: “But if the economy is better, women will kill less babies.” Studying the statistics it does seem that the majority of abortions are happening for a lack of affordability. However, upon further investigation of the reasoning behind these decisions, and breaking down the data into subcategories, one must admit that affordability is highly subjective in the mind of the individual. The following statistics began being collected in 1986 and were published in 2005.

“Nearly three-quarters said they could not afford to have a baby.

Of those women who gave two or more answers, the most common response -- inability to afford a baby -- was most frequently followed by one of three other reasons:

Pregnancy/birth/baby would interfere with school or employment.

Reluctant to be a single mother or experiencing relationship problems. Done with childbearing or already have other children/dependents.

Below is

a breakdown of women's responses that

specified reasons that led to their abortion

decision

(percentage total will not add up to 100% as multiple answers were permissible):

74% felt "having a baby would dramatically change my life" (which includes interrupting education, interfering with job and career, and/or concern over other children or dependents)

73% felt they "can't afford a baby now" (due to various reasons such as being unmarried, being a student, inability to afford childcare or basic needs of life, etc.)

48% "don't want to be a single mother or [were] having relationship problem[s]" (6) (8)

Only one reason listed seems to actually correlate with, “inability to afford a baby.” That reason is, “inability to afford basic needs of life.” The rest seem to be highly westernized ideas about “affordability.” There are women in dire poverty all around the world having babies, including the United States. For the sake of argument I will admit it is possible that these other categories might include some legitimate economic reasons, but that, of course, does not excuse the sin. When the statistics are broken down further we begin to get a clearer picture that these reasons are westernized reasons. Only twenty-three percent of abortions are because of affordability. Sixty-six percent of these abortions are happening for reasons other than affordability and that is without the health of the mother, or rape included! (7) In fairness two categories, or more, could be chosen by the woman filling out the form. Sixty-six percent is the best estimate that can made. The percentage could be less.

Why Women Have Abortions:

The reasons they gave in 2004

25% Not ready for a(nother) child/timing is wrong

23% Can't afford a baby now

19% Have completed my childbearing/have other people depending on me/children are grown

8% Don't want to be a single mother/am having relationship problems

7% Don't feel mature enough to raise a(nother) child/feel too young

4% Would interfere with education or career plans

4% Physical problem with my health

3% Possible problems affecting the health of the fetus

<0.5% Was a victim of rape

<0.5% Husband or partner wants me to have an abortion

<0.5% Parents want me to have an abortion

<0.5% Don't want people to know I had sex or got pregnant

6% Other (7)

Did voting Democrat ever stop 23% of these babies from being murdered? It would be interesting to break the statistics down further and see if the number of abortions in that category rose during the years of Democratic presidents. We obviously know that babies were murdered for that reason, in those years despite the numbers, so voting Democrat will never stop this from happening. We always hear from Liberal Left about how much the government cares for everyone. Why don’t they care enough to use tax money to save babies instead of funding their genocide? Catholic Democrats hold up a magic economic key and argue they can stop allowing genocide, or at least most of it, if you will just vote for their party. I can hear the conversation with them continue, “We can save some of the Jews, even though we are the ones throwing them in the ovens, if you just vote for our party.”

Turning back to the Republican side of the isle, can any Catholic clearly give me Donald Trump’s position on abortion? He seems to be all over the place.(9) Right now, apparently, it is not ok to kill babies in the Don’s mind, except for certain situations. This flies in the face of his previous position of being pro-abortion. He wouldn’t consider defunding Planned Parenthood, but maybe he will now? Who really knows? (Update: Thank God for President Trump. Could he still be critiqued? Yes, but he has done more than any other sitting POTUS that I can recall.)

Meanwhile we have candidates like Rand Paul, willing to stand on the Senate floor for hours filibustering, in order to defund Planned Parenthood! How can Conservative Catholics even seriously consider Trump when there are candidates that are more experienced, in regards to defending the country, and trying to save the unborn? Not only are they experienced, but they have proven they will fight the good fight! If Rubio shows up he might fight, I don’t know, probably not...I digress...The story recently broke that Planned Parenthood will be fully funded. Go back and read Dr. Donald’s witness testimony about babies screaming in pain as they are torn apart.

What should Catholics be doing other than praying the rosary, to end this nightmare? I have personally heard at least two Priests, and read on EWTN that it is a mortal sin to vote for someone that supports abortion. The voters guide on EWTN by Father Taraco, Ph.D. states, “Except in the case in which a voter is faced with all pro-abortion candidates (in which case, as explained in question 8 above, he or she strives to determine which of them would cause the let damage in this regard), a candidate that is pro-abortion disqualifies himself from receiving a Catholic’s vote. This is because being pro-abortion cannot simply be placed alongside the candidate's other positions on Medicare and unemployment, for example; and this is because abortion is intrinsically evil and cannot be morally justified for any reason or set of circumstances. To vote for such a candidate even with the knowledge that the candidate is pro-abortion is to become an accomplice in the moral evil of abortion. If the voter also knows this, then the voter sins mortally.” (8)I would respectfully recommend that Trump supporters click the link in the source list below to the Catholic Answers article and consider if they are making the right moral decision weighing all the other candidates positions.

It would follow that a good Catholic would make a prudent decision, even if they were still unsure, and follow what these good sources of Catholic teaching are saying. Unfortunately, Catholics in the United States continue to march us backwards into darkness. It would be impossible for politicians that condone the genocide of babies to be elected in this country if Catholics would actually be Catholic. For some inexplicable reason they choose not to follow the Church, but their own wills, desires, and political leanings. If only they were obedient like the Queen Mother Mary, to her Son, they might not only find that abortions end, but that the economy would also improve. Perhaps we might get more worthy candidates to vote for on both sides of the narrow political spectrum in this country as well! How many Catholics will continue to do their will and not the Father’s Will? For now, “we the Catholic people,” seem to want more bread and circus in exchange for the blood of the innocent. Update 1: Ladies and Gentleman, I have a serious question, and thought experiment. Apparently the five non negotiables are not Catholic teaching when it comes to voting. Pope Benedict said, in a letter, that one could vote for a pro-abortion candidate, but NOT because they are pro-abortion. I can find nothing that carries the weight of encyclical that says otherwise. However, I still feel in my heart, very strongly, that it is wrong to vote for a pro-abortion candidate. My thinking relies on a statement from Pope John Paul II: "That is the dignity of America, the reason she exists, the condition of her

survival, yes, the ultimate test of her greatness: to respect every human person,

especially the weak and most defenseless ones, those as yet unborn."

-Pope John Paul II

I feel Saint Pope John Paul II's desire for America will never be accomplished here if Catholics are free to vote for pro-abortion candidates because they like other parts of that candidates platform. The analogy I think of to explain this to people follows as: Do you think everyone would be trying to make the best choice while people are being marched off to the ovens and just kind of toss their hands and their air, and say, "Well, I don't agree with them burning those Jews, but they have a great economic policy, so I'll vote for them." Anyway, these are just my thoughts on why I think it should not be allowed for Catholics to ever vote for a pro-abortion candidate, but I accept that I am probably wrong. My heart tells me never to vote that way personally. Thanks for the thoughtful consideration. I offer my sincere apologies to those Catholics that choose to vote for pro-abortion candidates. God bless.

Update II: A good friend of mine sent me another article today from a Priest on the issue of abortion. I feel it is important for everyone to form their conscience appropriately on this issue. I would respectfully ask that everyone read this, whether conservative, or liberal. When Pope Benedict said it would not be a grave evil to vote for a pro-abortion candidate, it was in the context of a letter. This is far from an encyclical, or words spoken from the Chair of Peter. This was his opinion. While I respect his opinion, and believe he was a great Pope, my heart tells me he is very wrong. A Pope is a man as well, and can be mistaken in matters of the Faith. Even a great Pope like Benedict. It is important that we all SERIOUSLY consider our position on this issue before casting a vote that could possibly send us to hell. I am so concerned about this, specifically because of the salvation of my soul, and other souls, I am considering writing a second piece on abortion and voting. Please pray for my soul. LINK: https://www.thecatholicthing.org/2016/03/03/can-catholics-support-a-pro-abortion-candidate/

Citations:

Debi Vinnedge, President and Executive Director, “Children of God For Life,” Nov. 9, 2015, accessed Dec. 17, 2015, https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=905776096177162&id=223315007756611&fref=nf&pnref=story

(2) Dr Cecilia Götherström, Associate Professor, “Unique stem cell brittle-bone study starts,” Oct. 12, 2015 0 2:00 EST, accessed Dec. 17, 2015,

http://news.cision.com/karolinska-institutet/r/unique-stem-cell-brittle-bone-study-starts,c9844692

(3) Associated Press, “ Vatican Strongly Opposes Iraq War,” March 12, 2003, accessed Dec. 17, 2015, http://www.foxnews.com/story/2003/03/12/vatican-strongly-opposes-iraq-war.html

(4) Father Nicholas Gruner, “ Part I – The Urgency of the Fatima Message,” unkown, acessed, Dec. 19, 2015,

http://www.fatima.org/books/divimp/dichap1.asp

(5) Catholic Answers Staff, “ Does God Send War As Punishment For Sin,” unknown, accessed Dec. 19, 2015,

http://www.catholic.com/quickquestions/does-god-send-wars-as-a-punishment-for-sin

(6) Lawrence B. Finer, Lori F. Frohwirth, Lindsay A. Dauphinee, Susheela Singh and Ann M. Moore “Reasons U.S. Women Have Abortions : Quantiative and Qualitative Perspectives,” September 2005, accessed Nov. 17, 2015,

https://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/journals/3711005.pdf

(7) Gudrun Shultz, “The Real Reason Women Choose Abortion,” unkown, accessed, Dec. 19, 2015,

http://www.actionlife.org/index.php/life-issues/abortion/item/124-the-real-reason-women-choose-abortion

(8) Linda Lowen, “Why Women Choose Abortion - Statistical Breakdown of Reasons For Abortion,” Dec. 16, 2014, accessed Dec. 17, 2015, http://womensissues.about.com/od/reproductiverights/a/AbortionReasons_2.htm

(10) Fr. Stephen F. Torraco, PhD, “A Brief Catechism for Catholic Voters,” 2002, accessed Dec. 17, 2015,

https://www.ewtn.com/vote/brief_catechism.htm

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:(Statue)_Stop_Abortion._University_of_Ilorin.jpg#mw-jump-to-license

Women’s Rights Photo: Kenneth John Gill

(9) Bethany Blankley, “Donald Trump’s Abortion Muddle,” Dec. 5, 2015, accessed Dec. 18, 2015,

youtube

#prolife #Catholic #Marchforlife #Abby Johnson #AbbyJohnson

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autoirishlitdiscourses · 3 years ago

Text

Discourse of Wednesday, 18 August 2021

So, if I find out. One way to stay above the minimum length requirement is certainly the best clothing possible, OK? If you have to have it by adding. On a related note, I think that paying closer explicit attention to these matters will help to open a meaningful way. This means that you have any questions, or the penalty calculation, that is nuanced and engaged manner; and dropped et unam sanctam from the original text. Remember that you may have required a bit short because the implications of the poems you choose, prepare a short section from one topic to topic.

I'll have one specific suggestion: think about what kind of viewer? I do not assign the weighting factor/, a professor in our backgrounds. But what I said in the paper you want an add code from him or her, and you accomplished a lot of important issues. Do you want to go, but ultimately, is it impossible to say and got the class, provided that you should have an idea, because that would work out a printed copy of Dialectic of Enlightenment that is sophisticated, broadly informed paper here in order to receive many emails waiting on replies to take so long to get him to accept it by adding. I will Yes.

I think that the professor just wanted to wait for your audiovisual text and helping them to take a more specific: I think that there are other possible topic, and you asked some very good work, you still get an A in the early twentieth century, and, O'Casey, Act I: Sean O'Casey and the 1916 Easter Rising on the specific claim at the end of his nose, as I can do for the quarter he had to happen differently for this, but there are potentially benefits to both. If you are also movies that deal with this assignment. And, again, I suppose, would be to say, Italian Futurism Giacomo Balla, for instance, you should think about how far past 10 a. Just a reminder to send me a copy of the poem and get me a photocopy of that grade and that what your central interpretive difficulties that Stephen has with Irish nationalism, I think. On a related note, I think that your paper is due or a synthesis than an analysis, but th' silk thransparent stockin's showin' off; I don't know. Also productive: Nausicaa and whose thoughts are usually businesslike, or contact you personally about important issues. It all depends on what you take on a regular basis as you write it, then you can carry yourself, then you may hit that number this quarter. However, this percentage is then used to be leaving town. Section as a whole has a copy of this. The Day of the text that you are willing to discuss any of that text correctly. Well, they're fair game for recitation please have several ideas for when you're in front of the A range; if you're going to depend on what you're doing with the poem's meaning for me which works better for you. At the root of these are different kinds of things well here, overall, and their outline doesn't bear a lot of payoff for those who are allowed to pass.

Each of you is the best I can reasonably fault you in section this quarter, and the specific nature of the entire weekend as one of the room, were engaged, and if you're fond of courage and do a better piece of writing with the mainstream of academic spam, and you did a very good job of getting people warmed up the remaining time evenly amongst remaining participants in terms of a historical text it just depends on where you found it yet, and that this is a strong job of incorporating other people's textual selection that opened up possibilities for how you see in order to turn into a text that's written as historical documentation, but just that you look at Walter essay Theses on the paper and saying so is to say that you will automatically receive a non-trivial problem of performing multiple characters and handling the necessity of vocalizing stage directions. Again, I guess you could do an excellent paper in a meaningful discussion about one or more specific examination of how you can open up topics by asking questions and were so effective working together that you have any questions that ask people for general comments people can find one here. I also think it would have also explained this to many other possibilities.

Again, thank you for doing a strong connection to 1904 as well on the assumption that you may hit that number this quarter. Let me know if you really have done a solid job here, and not because I'm not committed to any particular essay format has to teach, and want to think about is how I should be no extra spacing between paragraphs or other opinions: I think that you find a time in the first time in the assignment in any sense faulting you there.

Of course, and I've read works by Pinter before, and you connected it effectively to questions from the play. So you can be hard to get back to see what he said No, because: Thanksgiving is optional next week! What is my 11th quarter as a broad topic, but it doesn't. If so, what are the specific parts of the two or three days, or picking fewer than seven IDs. I tend to agree with me in my office hours, let me know if you have them all pay off, because some people never get to all of those sound good, but afraid to shove more reading at you without disclosing personal information such as information about your paper graded by then. Have a good background without impairing the discussion could have been capable of doing even better at the first time since about 10 this morning to send me an outline of your political poster; and why older persons, especially without other supporting documentation, but might be rephrased as what parallels do you analyze your points because it makes my life easier if you have some very minor alterations; at this point estimate that I get to people by commodities and the way this is a piece of work like you've done a number of points possible is 50 _9. By the way that the questions to lead up to you. 5% on the final, you really really good paper.

The short version: This all looks good to me to. However, this is worth the same time, though reciting more of the quarter, and you accomplished a lot of people haven't done the reading yet, and in a lot: not only mothers themselves, but don't yet see a good student this quarter and has notes on areas in which I haven't been able to pick up the appropriate response to this document is an excellent lecture/discussion grade? Alternately, it never hurts to think about what your most important by the date indicated on the final, attended every section including the fact that a lot of similarities to yours. There may be quite a good question, and it doesn't, though. Again, I'm not mad at you without disclosing personal information such as I see that, you're welcome to choose any poem at all. 3:30 spot at the last chance to pull their grades on them is not because I think that it will be. But there are variations between individual Irishmen and-voice arrangement of the Heaney poems that are ostensibly on the English Department mail room, were everywhere but operated independently and no ambassador would ever be relieved. Well done. Give it a great deal more during quarters when students aren't doing a very small textual details and making a number of people aren't talking because they highlight a part of your TAs for the comparison/contrast is a clear argumentative thread, and if you have is specifying who the classical Ulysses is a difficult line to walk, admittedly, and I will not hurt your grade another 5%, depending on what the implications of this category. In particular, you did. Someone's already beat you to reschedule, and how you can still go just make sure that you can go a bit, and I keep it up on the section website: Pre-1971 British and Irish Currency Prior to 15 February 1971 Decimal Day in the Ulysses lectures which, given Ulysses, it looks like until Wednesday. I have you down to thanking the previous evening as a template to create the next, Keats's Ode to Psyche, the sex-food combination pops up in front of the poem's rhythm and showed this in the class to be able to answer quick and basic questions by bridging toward them with more rigor, because that's a pretty decent job setting up a framework for a college class, the Multicultural Center, the professor or TA? You may also find helpful. I hope that this is to make your claims would pay off for you. Hello, everyone! One of these, if you feel better soon. Here's a breakdown on your way up to you. Good poem from an in-class recitation except for the quarter, and think about what your paper that you examine, because it ties together a lot of ways to get people started talking for four minutes, but I felt like you haven't yet decided what order I'll call people in your section, not met the you must recite at least without a fee! I accidentally cut of your own, or just her conscious thoughts? However, there's always more about me than you were, but I don't know Miró well and quickly, now that I'm closer to being caught up on the midterm to pass' policy is that it deploys a certain way. The short version is that if you'd like. All of these texts tells you about the relationship between those points, though, and I can give an impassioned recitation is worth/an additional viewpoint on your recitation 5% of all handouts that I think about what you're going on in some places. How to Read James Joyce's Ulysses: discussion of the play. I'll still take it in on time. If you're thinking about how, but you can make your paper as you're capable of doing this so that I could have been declared in writing here. You're welcome! Picking a selection from the exact points of comparison that you want your argument traverses: what kinds of expectations do they relate to each other effectively while in the scholarly conversation around the areas of thematic overlap in terms of the grade is not one of the fifty minutes that we didn't read: the feminization of the fact that these assertions are not by any means obligated to. Ideally, you did get the ball rolling in the grotesque. And let me know tomorrow what you want to have you down for inaccuracies as measured against a printed copy in my office mate, Pokornowski he's also a TA, You have some very good students this quarter. I think you're onto a percentage, this is the instructor of record for classes at UCSB, and your writing, despite the occasional hiccup here and there, is not something that is formatted correctly according to the rest of your material, and least importantly, though reciting more of an A in the course discussion section is dealing directly with a copy of this.

It is your last name/of your grade at the beginning of next week 13 November in section next week: Patrick Kavanagh Patrick Kavanagh, I just sent out to me that temptation in the class was welcoming and supportive to other people to discuss with the play to see first thing in the future. Your plan is pretty solid job overall with recitations this week in which the pound was subdivided, as Giorgio Agamben has pointed out, it currently looks like they may have experienced in a radio interview. 4 December. Performing this recitation in front of me when large numbers of fingers at the beginning of the texts with which you could pick. The short version for this portion.

One of these are impressive moves. I was able to get back to you for doing such a good recitation and discussion of a woman. —It is not absolutely required still, it's not too nervous to appreciate other points of similarity to Ulysses is that it may be that sitting down and write about, or after class instead of the one you sent me before 4 p. Just a quick note to find somewhere else to leave it at the appropriate time if you really mop the floor with the other group looks like. But you've been kind of magical faery realm in some places. If you want to prove a historical truth, but it is absolutely not necessary to perform these calculations, and incur the penalty which is more likely during a week when we're discussing the selection in the early stages of planning I just graded it, but rather that you could meaningfully take this into account when grading your presentation. Although I do not calculate participation until the very opening of the test in another format, nor am I suggesting that there are places where interpretive work into the flow of your discussion plans even if they need to be more specific examination of your readings were excellent and opened up more abstract and general questions by bridging toward them with short, or during my office SH 2432E, provided that you've got some really perceptive readings to fall under some fair definition of flaneur? I still say that there is a fuzzy concept when you type in a different segment later in section and leave it at the top of the second is for your email, substantial and/or taking the discussion in the play, I'd move into the final, so it's no inconvenience for me. Is there something about the relationship between the landscape and love as being about nationalism as a chorus or refrain—please discuss your plans by 10 p. Are you saying that your basic point of view and the section website has some notes on how your key terms what are the victims of a conversation with about his performance so far the average i. Great! Mp3 of the least insightful essays of anyone whose tests I graded it you had a good way to impose limits on yourself though it is ultimately where your readings are possible.

5% 127. Then move on. 56: A near-nonsense from Godot tomorrow. He consented to let the discussion was more lecture-oriented than it needed to pay off as much as 6. Based on notes provided by TA Christopher Walker and the section as the last student I have is a heady drug that we're going to select. Please let me know, and what you see them instantiated in the 5 p. Hi! I quite liked it. My office is cold and my guess is that you recited before. In particular, I think. You say that supporting scholarship is inappropriate or wrong, but I haven't been able to demonstrate mercy, I think that one way to become part of that grade and that the writer has a fairly full schedule this week Yeats is almost certainly talk your ear off about visual readings of paintings if you pick up a fair and reasonable in addition to doing it as an active participant rather than your thesis statement, though not the best way.

Too, I think that that's likely for you to achieve goals that you prepared more material than you'll actually be able to get back to you with comments at the beginning of your paper are borrowed from other students in your delivery was basically solid, though not the same arrangement or dramatic performance to do recitations in front of the episode's title, date, so it's completely up to some aspect of the female, the average i. You reacted gracefully to this is a room tomorrow in South Hall 2635. The faces and places, and I would never write that on to this question, which is actually something of a family member requiring that you go back over a draft is the one-third of a letter on the final will be assigned in lecture worked really hard time distancing themselves from their topics and themes of the starling but I think it's very possible that you have a spot open in my 6pm section for Thanksgiving week change, but certainly not at all you receive no credit for your patience.

Romance, as you write eight full pages/, a Dexter to save question 2, though, you will just mean that you should do is check GOLD for other reasons. Etc. You might think about how Joyce treats Shakespeare in Ulysses and the professor has decided to transition us over to such a good concert. Although your research paper will anticipate and head off potential major objections to its own discussion naturally, but it's not as able to leap. Hello, all of which parts of your performance and incorporate a ballpark estimate of attendance/participation score is calculated in excruciating detail This document has not scheduled a recitation.

Have a good thing that will help you to be a difficult passage, and yes, perfect! Go to Heaven, too, that there are others that don't happen here—again, this is a strong job in a productive line of thought, although there are several reasons, including romantically. I think that phrasing your claims even more successful than it currently is. In these circumstances, though others have come very close attention to the group as a whole it ties together a number of points. However. It is your job to avoid that would benefit from making your paper is that you hadn't anticipated. I do not calculate participation until the very end of your claims. Think about focusing even more than twenty-four. You are absolutely fine, and my gut feeling on the issues. If you can do for you and me assess how much you can deal with specifics of your task that you've got a lot of important goals well, but I'm pretty sure it's a good move on your grade. I myself am less than 18 points on the time limit will result in an area that is appropriate and helpful. You supported each other would help to pay attention to how other people are reacting to look not just a moment. I've seen of Katharine O'Shea note the prevalence of canned food in pretty much every postapocalyptic novel offhand: Wyndham's The Day of the quarter. Can you confirm she was born, running to knock up Mrs Thorton in Denzille street. Keep your overall points. You Loved Me near the end of his lecture pace rather than that, although that understanding may not look at some point, if you really want to know in advance from the section website: Chris Walker and the Stars/: Keep the Home Fires Burning sung at the window watching the two tests by nearly thirty points, and you did get the ball rolling in the bridewell. For one thing, and you've proven that you arrive prepared on Wednesday prevents you from attending is that the video may very well here: you must email me a copy of your paper grade. I'm hesitant to shove more reading at you unless you go back to you? The short version is that this afternoon and have a fever of 104 or a test is scheduled from 1:00 it will be honest. That Show Just How Bad Things Are For Young People via HuffPostBiz Welcome to the fine points of interpretation or relevance. Or am I suggesting that you need to reschedule a 27 November section, after all, are engaging in a lot of impressive ways, is generally taken to mean that you need to start with the but this is a very, very nicely acted. However. However, I think that another difficulty is that you think is important enough that I say this not because I believe that you should rightfully be proud of it next to each other you give, and you weren't afraid to use the overflow room if necessary. I can meet at a coffee shop on lower State Street. You have some very impressive moves. 4 December in section enough so that it's a wonderful poem, thinking about mothers in Irish literature. PhD Candidate in English X-ray picture is Roentgen's own X-ray of his own paper because describing a personal reflection. 5%, what do you see the outline for the rest of your texts if you have read episodes 1,3, and that you're examining, and that I am necessarily willing to make productive suggestions.

If it's all right. Section; eight got 9 or higher on the web I'm pretty sure that a specific explanation of how we react to the Ulysses lectures which, if you'd like. If you give provocative hints but need to do this would help you to reschedule, and this really doesn't give you feedback as quickly as possible. It's often easier to memorize because of the course and the few people getting more than the syllabus pretty well in addition to giving you the final. 1% of the texts, and one less final to drop it off at the idols of the total quarter grade at this point in smaller steps this would not be everything that you need to be perhaps more flexible, is to say. I'm sorry about that. —You should rightfully be proud of. Paper-related selection 5 p. If you need another copy of it one of the group while doing so by 10 p. Wednesday 23 On James Joyce's Ulysses and Why You Should Avoid 'How-to' Guides Like This One By the way that the male partner in that context early in the third-to-last stanza, too in here, and so I suspect that these paintings fall within the larger-scale points if they occur in person instead of doing this. Everything is currently better developed and more specifically, that a you have other priorities instead of panicking and answering them yourself. I think including at least 88. Your delivery was solid, and I enjoyed having you in section, but you are also likely to complain if I discover that there will be one of three people who never ask naive questions never stop being naive. You have some very perceptive comments in section once when he supposedly came to England. This was incorrect: Thanksgiving is 28 November, or the viewer is likely to be flexible, is this Friday, I do feel free to skip to the rhythm of the discussion go on, but just that you can go, though. You're smart and articulate why you're asking.

1:00 section and to be a bit more on the syllabus for Thursday although note that discussion notes by the time limit you've sketched an outline with more concrete questions might have been balanced a bit. Section in HSSB 2251, and making yourself do it, you email a description of your analysis and that looking squarely at it with people, and I'll keep a copy of The Butcher Boy. There are also productive. Each of you had a B and almost impossible to say, there is a really good reading of the bigger differences between analytical papers. In a lot of ways, is quite clear, despite some occasional problems, but your delivery, which is to email me at the beginning of the paper has at least 119 out of his other published work. 61% based entirely on attendance I won't be stolen and have some very good textual choices and analytical methods just depends on where you want to but I'm happy to do for the quarter, and of the Hannibal Lecter books or movies feels about that. You handled your material, that is, your section to discuss this coming weekend. Yes, that field is blank. So, I'd love to mean what it meant to move towards a final decision and get me an email no later than most of the Penelope episode 5 p. I think X, which would boost your attendance/participation grade that your paper and saying so is an excellent weekend! Disability Accommodations: If your word processor fails to conform to the play. The recitation itself that you'd thought about it. I thought you might enjoy John William Waterhouse's painting Ulysses and Godot that might serve as mnemonic aids and that you can't make it the second half in terms of discussion in my sections avoided and gave an engaged and engaging, and you really have done some very solid manner. You effectively leveraged the group's discourse; that we have tentatively arranged to work, OK? My current plan is to say, a good background to the professor is behind a bit more on pity and identification there are places where your analysis on other tasks that you may recite any of it myself, largely because I got hit by a group is, I think you did: Perfect. That being said, were engaged, and you provided a good weekend and may very well done. Scores on section website. There are a bit better, I think that's a pretty final form until the quarter. Passages for close reading: 1. Thank you for doing a strong manner here. The problem here is one way to focus your paper is a smart decision. Selected Musical Performances arrangement of Patrick Kavanagh's On Raglan Road Performed 4 December in section. And you are responsible to the class 5% of course a novel like this in some way. If you'd prefer to do is to make sure it doesn't, though I think that thinking specifically about your nervousness can help you to achieve this analytical depth that you will need to be how it gets passed down. Personally, I still think that your reading of those works, OK? Note that failing to turn your major points into discussion questions if any, are engaging in in my margin comments are often primarily just due to hasty editing and proofreading. I think it's good and potentially very productive move. A 465 485 A 450 465 A-or-break section for that matter to self-expression, but that's not necessarily a bad thing, and seemed to warm up the appropriate number of things quite well here, but afraid to use the first week, whether or not you, I think that what you have some very good work here. Your initial explication was thoughtful and genuinely helpful questions and comments by demonstrating close familiarity with the way this is. Noisy selfwilled man. Again, very well here: you produce an MLA-compliant paper. I think that what the exact text of some kind of qualifications are necessary ways to get people started talking for a recitation and discussion I am saying is that there should be adaptable in terms of figuring out when to give you does not necessarily benefit you: the final and with your paper has at least four productive possible responses if this happens, you/must/email me to do it: it will pay off to the rest of the romantic love, and it completely impossible to say in my mailbox, or that she should have a great deal since you wrote, basing your argument? Similar comments could be done to had done in the San Jose area. To the text and ask people for general comments people can still go this week. Anyway, my suggestion would be for him. Short version: I'm not mad at you, based entirely on attendance for your presentation tomorrow! 1:30 and will look forward to your final decision and get your proposal. Exactly, and it got cut a bit more impassioned and, like I said in the course. Hi! It if they don't warm up, then you can deal with this particular assignment, so he gets an F on a big group of talented readers, and I'll take it. Have a wonderful poem, ending with a perfect score on the final, which is rather tricky to do. He's the only or best way to clarify your own argument, but it has to it to the phrase at the center I think you have already given up 70 points out while still allowing other people to be embarrassed. I want to go through the grade you have some perceptive things to say that you want to deal with multiple course texts this may or may not be articulated with sufficient precision, but I'll let you know the etymology of that idea—you should shoot for ten minutes as part of your mind while you write your paper you want to get back to you, but it is quite a bit much, since I've never done it before and am happy to get back to you. He's been a great deal of thought, which would be to think about Irish identity that has changed by the Office of Judicial Affairs. Soon to be more specific this may wind up talking about in lecture and section to advance an original line of the landscape itself, you should know the most basic issues. Hi! Perhaps an interesting passage and you exhibit a very difficult things to think about this offer to anyone else at all, I grade their later sections. The Butcher Boy: In response to some punctuation and formatting issues—none of these are very important ways.

#Irish literature #automatically generated text #Patrick Mooney #Python #Markov chains

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criminaljusticeessay110 · 4 years ago

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bryanbozeman-blog · 7 years ago

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I support your 2nd Amendment rights

I support your 2nd Amendment rights. Really, I do. I do not own firearms and I didn’t grow up in a house with firearms. I’ve never been hunting. But I recognize that they are an important aspect of our culture, especially here in the South. I have many friends and family members that grew up around firearms, that use them responsibly, that hunt frequently, that trap shoot competitively. I understand the sport and thrill of owning a weapon. I also recognize that they represent safety to many people. I understand that owning a weapon is a marker of security and an expression of a right to defend yourself and your loved ones and your property. These are rights – important ones – bestowed by our Forefathers and protected still today. I understand and respect them.

What I cannot and will not understand and rationalize is the right for private citizens to own assault weapons, which, so far as I can tell, are designed to kill humans as efficiently as possible. Assault weapons aren’t needed to take down game animals or shoot clay pigeons. I don’t believe they provide personal or property protection any more than normal firearms. Outside of military use, they are known most widely for their use as a tool in mass shootings and have enabled bad or sick people to kill hundreds or thousands of innocent people, including many children. Fully- or semi-automatic assault rifles should not be available for purchase by private citizens. There, I said it (***deep breath***).

I think it’s important to make a distinction here: I am not blaming the gun. Zero part of me thinks that assault weapons are responsible for mass shootings. In the hands of a responsible user or locked in a cabinet, they are no more dangerous than any other item. Objects pose little threat to people when they are used responsibly or not at all; however, when used with bad intent they can be deadly. Please hear me when I say that the fault of these mass shootings where assault weapons are used is with the people aiming and firing them with the intent to take innocent lives. These people may be sick or deranged or desperate or insane, but they are 100% responsible for these shootings, not assault weapons.

What assault weapons are responsible for, though, is enabling these people to take innocent lives much more efficiently than would otherwise be possible. High capacity magazines and semi-automatic firing systems allow for maximum carnage to be inflicted before good people have a chance to step in and stop the horror. Outlawing assault weapons will not completely remove them from society. But it will make it more difficult for bad people to get them and I think it might be an important step towards fewer mass shootings, or at least less deadly ones.

I’ve read the articles and seen the YouTube videos that seem to echo similar ideas. “Assault weapons aren’t actually assault weapons until they’re used to assault someone.” Ok, I can track with that. But let’s consider a paint brush for a moment. Sure, when it’s sitting in a bucket in your garage or closet, it’s just a brush. Not technically a paint brush. But paint brushes were designed for a specific purpose: to paint. Likewise, assault weapons were designed with a specific purpose in mind: to assault. And outside of war, it’s difficult for me to imagine a scenario that would justify a private citizen owning one of these machines.

As for the argument, “in a DUI we blame the driver but in a shooting we blame the gun,” of course we absolutely blame the driver in a DUI. The driver certainly should not have gotten behind the wheel of a vehicle after drinking. This is why the driver is usually punished while the vehicle gets off scot-free. But there’s an important distinction to make here. Almost always, the punishment inflicted on the driver aims to limit them from using a vehicle while impaired. We use several methods to do this including suspending or revoking licenses and requiring breathalyzer vehicle starters in their vehicles. So even though it’s the driver’s fault and not the vehicle’s, we take measures to prevent drivers from using the tool that allowed them to harm others – their vehicle. We do this because the logical step in reducing or preventing bad people from doing bad things is to limit or block their access from tools that allow them to do so. We take vehicles away from drunk drivers. Outlawing assault weapons may prevent bad people from taking innocent lives en masse.

My inevitable debaters will be quick to point out that I’ve called for taking cars away from only the bad people (i.e., drunk drivers) while I’ve argued for taking away assault weapons from all people, including the good ones. This is correct. I’m comfortable making this argument because cars provide undeniably good services. We use them to commute to and from work and for a variety of other purposes. Assault weapons surely are used by good people as well as bad people. I’m sure that plenty of law-abiding citizens take their assault weapons to shooting ranges around the country and get plenty of joy out of decimating any number of objects down range. But whatever joy this brings certainly is outweighed by the numbing grief and sadness experienced by 17 families in south Florida tonight, and countless other families around the world who have had loved ones ripped from their lives simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time. Please, own weapons and use them responsibly for protection and recreation forever and ever, but there is no part of me that can look at the available evidence and justify why a private citizen should ever own an assault rifle.

If you’ve made it this far, congratulations. I’m almost done.

Our thoughts and prayers are not enough. They provide little comfort to the families reeling from this latest act of terror and they will not protect those that will be taken from us in the next inevitable event.

How long is long enough to just be sad about this shooting and not be political? That’s what I always wonder whenever something like this happens. But when did wanting to prevent innocent people – precious children – from being slaughtered at school become political? The other side of the gun control debate claims that this is a mental health issue, and they’re not wrong. Mental health issues perhaps are more prevalent in our society today than ever, and it’s clear that we’re not doing enough to help those that are mentally ill. Mental health issues surely are catalysts for some – if not most – of these mass shootings and devoting time and resources to aiding those unwell mentally would most certainly be a step in the right direction. Would it not also make sense to limit access to assault weapons? Why are gun control and mental health reform mutually exclusive options? Do they have to be? Let’s burn the wick from both ends. Let’s invest in our future. $30 million towards a military parade won’t impress Putin or Kim Jong-un, but it might be a start towards helping those that need it – those on the edge of breaking.

I want a world in which fewer innocent people are killed in senseless mass shootings. Is that not the easiest ideal in history to unite behind? Seriously, if we can’t all agree on this one goal, then humanity might as well pack up and go home. It’s over. I know that I’m grossly oversimplifying this issue, but I’m trying to make the point that we’re all on the same side. Republicans and democrats and Muslims and Christians and atheists and Paul Ryans and Bernie Sanderses should all presumably want a world where fewer senseless mass shootings occur. It seems to me like two useful steps towards progress would be to limit access to high-powered assault weapons and get help for the mentally ill. The one option that is unacceptable is inaction. To date, it seems like that is the only option that has been pursued, with the traditional accompaniment of thoughts and prayers. It’s time to be better. It’s time to act, one way or another.

I write not because I have the answers. You’ll notice that I’ve used phrases like “this may” and “I think.” Clearly, this issue is far more complicated than I can imagine. The writing above is simply one man’s opinion and guttural cry for some tiny step towards resolution. I write because my wife leaves our apartment every morning to spend all day teaching English and Language Arts to 7th graders. Tomorrow it could be her school. I write because one day, if I’m lucky enough, I will drop my children off at school. One day it could be that school. I write because, as a graduate student, I spend all day on campus. Tomorrow it could be my university. I write because every day millions of parents drop millions of children off at school knowing that a mass shooting is a possibility. I write because I don’t want my silence to be taken as complicity or cultural amnesia to these horrors – I am devastated. I write because our children – our societies – deserve better. Our future children and grandchildren deserve better. I write because I am so damn tired of thoughts and prayers and inaction. I write because it is beyond time to do something. Inaction is unforgivable. So let’s do something.

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nancydhooper · 5 years ago

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Four Lawyers. Four Projects. One Non-Stop Year.

It isn’t news that the Trump administration has kept ACLU attorneys working at breakneck speed for the past three years. In 2019 alone, we saw historic moments and victories—from defeating the citizenship question on the 2020 census and bringing the first trans civil rights case to the Supreme Court, to blocking a wave of abortion bans and many of the administration’s attempts to dismantle the asylum system. To name a few.

Here are some of our attorneys’ takes on 2019 and the year ahead—what’s changed for the better and for the worse, and how the outcome of the 2020 presidential election will affect the fight for civil rights and liberties in years to come.

Chase Strangio

Deputy Director for Transgender Justice, LGBT and HIV Project

What was your favorite moment of 2019?

A lot happened so it’s hard to pick just one moment, but for me one of the most memorable was the October 8 argument for the Aimee Stephens case at the Supreme Court. Obviously the moment itself was historic. Working on the case was pivotal in my life and my work. But even more than the hearing itself, I’ll never forget the feeling of coming out of the Supreme Court and seeing a crowd of trans people and allies chanting to Aimee while we walked across the plaza. It’s a special reminder that it’s not about what happens in court, it’s about how we move forward.

What was the biggest challenge?

This was a challenging year. Two things stand out: The Supreme Court taking on the Title VII cases and the increasing attacks on trans people in sports.

When we heard about the Title VII cases in April, it was a devastating blow. Aimee had already won in the lower court, and we didn’t want the Supreme Court to undo her win. It’s difficult existing in this political context with so many attacks on the trans community and going up to the Court knowing that no matter what, something would be lost—whether something rhetorical or in the public discourse or in the legal outcome of the case itself.

There’s also been a rise in attacks on the idea of trans people participating in sports. It’s disappointing seeing people we’d expect to be allies side with our opponents. It’s just another context that’s being leveraged in public conversations and policy debates to argue that trans people aren’t “real” and that we don’t deserve to participate equally in society. It’s painful and the people who are going to be the most hurt are the trans youth who are being singled out and demeaned by the adult lawmakers who are supposed to protect them.

How will the outcome of the 2020 election affect trans rights?

There’s a long way to go no matter who’s in the White House. But for trans rights, the shift from Obama to Trump was drastic. If Trump loses, we’ll continue to sue the government because the government will continue to discriminate, and it will take a lot of work to undo the anti-trans agenda of the last three years. But hopefully we will have a president that is less concerned with decimating us and our lives and we can work towards rebuilding some protections. No matter what happens, our resolve to fight and defend our communities will persist.

How do you unwind after preparing for a big case?

I operate at a constant state of stress, so it’s always a struggle. Maybe I haven’t done a good job of unwinding. I do love theatre, going to shows, engaging in creative processes to get me out of my head.

What got you into this work?

As a queer, trans person with access to resources I felt that I could serve my community by working within systems of power to disrupt and distribute power. It isn’t always easy and I don’t always do it perfectly but I could never imagine doing any other work.

Brigitte Amiri

Deputy Director of the Reproductive Freedom Project

What was the biggest challenge of 2019?

2019 was the year of the abortion ban, so it’s not so much one challenge in particular but the onslaught—we’re fighting battles at the federal and state level in a rapid succession. The states have been emboldened by the Trump administration and by changes in the judiciary, and it’s been a breathless fight against their attacks on abortion and access to contraception. Some of our most important victories of the year included blocking the abortion bans in Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Missouri, Ohio, and Utah.

Still, in 2019 there were also some great legislative victories for reproductive rights. A number of states have passed proactive measures that expand access. A perfect example is Maine, where the reproductive rights and justice movement got the state to pass a law expanding who can provide abortions and not just limit provision to doctors but to expand it to advanced practice clinicians. Another new law in Maine ensures that people can access abortion with Medicaid as insurance if they qualify. States like Maine will be a haven for abortion access if Roe v. Wade is ever overturned.

What will 2020 look like for abortion rights?

The attacks on abortion will continue in 2020, unfortunately. The states restricting access have been doing so for decades. And even if there’s a change in the presidential administration, the federal judiciary has now been changed for generations, so states that want to pass restrictions are still going to do so in an aggressive manner, in hopes that the courts will uphold their restrictions. So I think 2020 will be very busy.

Most people in this country support reproductive freedom, but anti-abortion politicians have their own agenda and refuse to listen to the majority of their constituents. Restricting abortion has always been used as a political tool that has been wielded by some politicians regardless of what the public wants.

What got you interested in reproductive freedom?

Ever since I was a little girl, I was always interested in fighting for what was fair. My mom was a feminist and a stay-at-home mom who took me to political rallies, and I used to babysit for a mom who worked at Planned Parenthood. These strong women instilled in me the idea that people should be able to make decisions about their own bodies and everyone should be treated equally in society. Eventually I went to law school because I wanted to use the law to promote social justice.

Is there a particular client from 2019 who stands out?

The staff at the EMW Women’s Surgical Center in Kentucky. Dr. Marshall, who owns it, and staff are amazing people and our heroes. They make sure patients get the care they need with compassion and dignity. They’ve endured so much in addition to the legal onslaught—including anti-abortion people blockading the clinic doors and vandalizing the clinic. They are my heroes.

Personally, my favorite moment of 2019 was calling the clinic and telling them the good news that the judge blocked the state abortion ban.

Dale Ho

Director of the Voting Rights Project

What was your favorite moment of 2019?

The census win. From the beginning I thought we had the better argument, but there were so many predictions that we would lose. I understand why we got those predictions, because we were the underdog, but it was hard not to let that seep in and affect my outlook. When we won, I felt vindicated.

What was the most important legal win?

Again I’d say the census case. If we lost, representation would have shifted away from diverse states and areas, and many communities would have lost their fair share of federal funding. It was a massive case of major significance.

No one believed that the Trump administration wanted to add the citizenship question to support voting rights. The Court’s decision affirmed how much we need honesty from the government on why it’s doing what it’s doing. And the case was a test for the Supreme Court, to see whether it would stand up to the kind of lawlessness that has become standard in this administration. It was nerve-inducing that four justices were willing to go along, but the center held.

The census case was also litigated at a breakneck pace—from a trial decision to the Supreme Court in only three months. It was maybe the most significant challenge in my professional life. I’m still recovering.

How do you handle stress when you’re on the road?

I always, always buy WiFi on planes, and take my noise canceling headphones with me. Sometimes I’ll get a Bloody Mary (virgin!) so I can work throughout the flight. When I’m flying out of New York, I get the same bad Italian hoagie from the CEBO Express in the airport—something I probably wouldn’t eat anywhere else.

How will the presidential election affect the Voting Rights Project?

I don’t think the outcome of 2020 will affect our work, because most of our work is in the states. We need to modernize our states’ antiquated registration and voting systems. Those are bad now and they’re going to be bad no matter who wins in 2020. We’re going to have to do that work and also focus on redistricting after the census happens, as local, state, and federal districts get redrawn all around the country. So we have a busy 2020 and a busy 2021 ahead of us, regardless.

What do you look forward to in 2020?

Election season is always an exciting time to be a voting rights lawyer. It can be challenging because you know in advance that it’s going to be very busy. But there’s a lot you don’t know that’s going to pop up—you know things will pop up but you don’t know what. It’s challenging to stay ready for that but I feel like every election I’ve been here, we’ve done some of our best work in that emergency, rapid response posture. I’m looking forward to it.

Omar Jadwat

Director of the Immigrants’ Rights Project

What is one moment from 2019 that stands out to you?

I’ll cheat and tell you two. The first was when we blocked the Remain in Mexico policy (or Forced Return to Mexico, or Migrant Protection Protocols, as it goes by a lot of names). We knew the policy would be a disaster and we were really glad to block it. The second was when a higher court allowed the policy to be implemented while an appeal is pending. Under this stay roughly 60,000 people have been dumped in Mexico in awful conditions. Cartels are preying on them, waiting for people to get off the buses and kidnapping them immediately. It all goes to show what an awful policy it is and how important it was to challenge it. The fact that we were able to stop it briefly was an important victory. Now the litigation continues.

What was the biggest challenge?

Protecting the asylum system. The administration has a multi-pronged strategy to attack asylum and basically eradicate the system unilaterally. A major focus of our work in the last year has been taking on these policies—we’ve challenged the standard for asylum, gang violence exceptions, detention of asylum seekers. There’s the first asylum ban, the second asylum ban, Return to Mexico, and more. A whole set of cases.

How has IRP’s work changed this year?

Our team has built a new set of muscles as we adapt to new challenges—challenges that would have been extraordinary and unusual in the past, which are now the norm. The administration often announces drastic policy changes with little or no warning, and the pressure is on our team to figure out what they’re doing, to analyze it legally, and put together a lawsuit as quickly as possible if there’s a legal problem. The administration has been so aggressive with its immigration policies and the scale of what they’re trying to do is getting more ambitious. It’s caused us to be more aggressive in terms of taking them to court, and then if we win that causes them to move fast to try to get rid of our victories. Everything is happening much more quickly than usual.

What got you into immigrants’ rights?

I come from a family of immigrants, including people who struggled with getting and maintaining status. I took a class with Judy Rabinovitz in law school, and she inspired me to follow this professional path.

What do you look forward to in 2020?

The possibility of a new administration to deal with and a humane, respectful system in the future. It’s refreshing to see so much public disapproval of anti-immigrant policies, and that sentiment has strengthened in the last couple of years. I hope that the sympathy and support we’ve seen for immigrant communities will continue to carry through.

from RSSMix.com Mix ID 8247012 https://www.aclu.org/news/civil-liberties/four-lawyers-four-projects-one-non-stop-year via http://www.rssmix.com/

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lodelss · 5 years ago

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ACLU: Four Lawyers. Four Projects. One Non-Stop Year.

Four Lawyers. Four Projects. One Non-Stop Year.

Chase Strangio

Deputy Director for Transgender Justice, LGBT and HIV Project

What was your favorite moment of 2019?

What was the biggest challenge?

This was a challenging year. Two things stand out: The Supreme Court taking on the Title VII cases and the increasing attacks on trans people in sports.

How will the outcome of the 2020 election affect trans rights?

How do you unwind after preparing for a big case?

What got you into this work?

Brigitte Amiri

Deputy Director of the Reproductive Freedom Project

What was the biggest challenge of 2019?

What will 2020 look like for abortion rights?

What got you interested in reproductive freedom?

Is there a particular client from 2019 who stands out?

Personally, my favorite moment of 2019 was calling the clinic and telling them the good news that the judge blocked the state abortion ban.

Dale Ho

Director of the Voting Rights Project

What was your favorite moment of 2019?

What was the most important legal win?

How do you handle stress when you’re on the road?

How will the presidential election affect the Voting Rights Project?

What do you look forward to in 2020?

Omar Jadwat

Director of the Immigrants’ Rights Project

What is one moment from 2019 that stands out to you?

What was the biggest challenge?

How has IRP’s work changed this year?

What got you into immigrants’ rights?

What do you look forward to in 2020?

Published December 20, 2019 at 05:09PM via ACLU https://ift.tt/34DCIp7 from Blogger https://ift.tt/34NL3qo via IFTTT

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hasnainamjad · 4 years ago

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Both Python and Java frequently top lists of the most in-demand programming languages among employers. These are powerful, flexible, and object-oriented languages that are commonly used across organizations and in a wide variety of other settings.

This may lead you to ask the inevitable question: which is better? Or at least, which one should you learn?

Also read: I want to develop Android apps: what languages should I learn?

This is a complicated question, seeing as the two languages are actually quite different (it’s never that simple!). So read on, and we’ll unravel the question of Python vs Java to see which is best for you.

Python vs Java: structure and design

First, let’s take a look at how Python and Java are written and how this affects the experience of programming.

Object-Oriented

Python and Java are both considered to be “object-oriented” programming languages. This means they allow developers to create data objects through classes. While this is a complex concept for a beginner to get their head around, it effectively allows for very efficient and well-designed code. Classes are modular by nature and allow for very scalable programs that can do a lot with less code.

But if you’re still scratching your head asking how data can be an “object,” then you have run into the first problem with object-oriented programming: it’s confusing for beginners!

That’s why many people love the fact that Python also “supports multiple paradigms.” This means that you can create functional/imperative code that is read from top to bottom, making it much easier to get to grips with. It also makes Python very quick for developers that just want to make a quick app in a couple of lines to perform a useful job.

(Of course, it’s technically possible to write functional/imperative code in Java, but Python lends itself better to this type of code.)

Readability and White Space

This lack of forced-paradigm makes Python more beginner-friendly and flexible, but so too do many of the syntax decisions.

For example, Python encourages the use of lots of whitespace, doesn’t require semi-colons at the end of every statement. As a rule, Python also requires less boilerplate code as compared with Java (meaning that you can do more with fewer lines).

The semi-colon thing is big. In Java, you can write a beautiful program that is millions of lines long and have it not run because you forgot to include a semi-colon! No matter how experienced you are, this will always happen.

That said, while it might seem like a nuisance, restrictions like this do force you to write well-organized code and can avoid confusion down-the-line.

What’s more, is that other programming languages are similarly strict in terms of their grammar and structure. That means that Java will generally be better at preparing developers to work with other languages, such as the very-similar C#.

Also read: An introduction to C# for Android for beginners

Other differences are largely cosmetic: Python prefers snake_case for functions and variables (because snakes), whereas Java uses camelCase.

On the whole, a page of Python is much less daunting and reads a bit more like English. Java can be denser to wrap your head around, especially if you’re new to programming. But there is (usually) a method to the madness. (Sometimes literally.)

Static vs Dynamic

A key factor in the competition between Python vs Java, is that java is statically typed and Python is dynamically typed.

This means that when you declare a variable in Java – which is a word that represents a piece of data – you need to describe what kind of variable that is. It might be a “string” (a word or sentence), an integer (a whole number), or a float (a number with decimal places).

In Python, you don’t need to decide what type of variable you are using right away.

Likewise, function arguments can pass in any object. All this “Duck typing” makes Python very convenient and easy to use. However, this can occasionally make code a little more obtuse to the casual observer and may lead to errors, unless it has been properly commented.

Also read: How to comment in Python: Tips and best practices

Compiled vs Interpreted

Python is an “interpreted language.” That means you’ll install an interpreter on your machine that will read and understand Python code. It also means that for anyone else to use your code, they will likewise need an interpreter installed. You can’t easily build an executable file and then send it to your friends/buyers.

This is both a strength and a weakness of Python. It means that in order to build anything for commercial use, you will need to rely on external tools and fiddly processes.

However, it also means that Python is ideal for putting something together quickly for your own personal use. You can add Python to PATH or run Python apps straight from CMD/terminal without having to go through a lengthy compilation stage.

Java meanwhile is technically both interpreted and compiled. Java will be compiled first, but the target machine will need the JVM in order to run the code.

As such, Java code is typically more portable, but you may still need to go through a few steps to get it in a usable fashion. As is the case when building Android apps!

Also read: A guide to Android app development for complete beginners in 5 easy steps

What this does also mean though, is that Java code has the potential to run much faster, making it a better choice for more intensive operations.

Which is easier for beginners?

If the above didn’t make it clear, Python is generally much easier for beginners. Python is logical even for someone who doesn’t know what a “Class” is, and it has a clean and simple layout that gives you plenty of room to breathe.

Python is commonly used as a first programming language for teaching programming concepts, so it’s handy that it is also flexible enough to be useful outside of the classroom! In many ways, Python is the new BASIC. In terms of simplicity, Python vs Java is a no-brainer.

That said, the restrictions and complexities of Java aren’t just for fun. They can be useful for getting into good habits early on, and they may prepare a developer for the rest of their career.

At the end of the day, if you’re interest is in learning for learning’s sake, Python is the better place to start. But it’s going to depend on your end goal.

What are they used for?

Speaking of which, what might your end goal be when learning either of these languages?

As mentioned, Python’s “interpreted” nature means that it can’t easily be used to write commercial programs that you share and sell. It is slower than compiled languages, and it isn’t easily exported.

This means that Python generally isn’t used for mobile app development, game development, building desktop software, etc.

However, what Python is great for, is writing quick code that performs useful functions. This makes it a popular in-house tool among many security firms, data analytics companies, and the like.

The other common use for Python, is building web apps. Here, the Python code actually runs “server-side.” That means that it runs on the server that houses the files that comprise a website. Because Python is installed on the server, the user doesn’t need to worry about whether or not they have Python installed on their machine: they just see the output.

Therefore, Python powers many of the biggest brands on the web. These include: Instagram, Google, Spotify, Netflix, Dropbox, and many others.

Java meanwhile is used to develop a number of desktop and mobile applications. Java used to be the primary language used for Android development, until Google announced that Kotlin would be its top choice going forward. However, Java is still officially supported, and is still used by a large number of organizations.

Java is popular among big organizations in general, seeing as it is supported by a wide number of frameworks and libraries, is very fast, is very secure, and works across platforms. Java also has the advantage of having been around for a very long time – and big companies don’t like change!

Also read: Kotlin tutorial for Android for beginners: Build a simple quiz

Java is less commonly used for games. Other combinations such as C# with Unity, or C++ with Unreal Engine are more powerful and flexible in this scenario.

Python vs Java: Which is right for you?

So with that said, should you choose Python or Java to start coding?

If you’re looking to become a software developer working for a big company, if you want to make Android apps, or if you’re interested in learning more programming languages such as C#, then Java is a great choice. Be prepared for a steep learning curve though!

If you just want to learn about programming with a beginner-friendly language, then Python is ideal. Python is also a great choice if you’re interested in building web apps, working with tech start-ups, or have an interest in data science.

Want to give Python a try? Then why not check out our list of the best online Python courses. These will provide a complete education, and Android Authority readers will also get huge discounts!

source https://www.androidauthority.com/python-vs-java-1145042/

#News Updates #Python vs Java: Which language should you learn and what are the differences?

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rafi1228 · 5 years ago

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Variables, Functions and Functional Programming, Closures, Decorators, Modules and Packages

What you’ll learn

An in-depth look at variables, memory, namespaces and scopes

A deep dive into Python’s memory management and optimizations

In-depth understanding and advanced usage of Python’s numerical data types (Booleans, Integers, Floats, Decimals, Fractions, Complex Numbers)

Advanced Boolean expressions and operators

Advanced usage of callables including functions, lambdas and closures

Functional programming techniques such as map, reduce, filter, and partials

Create advanced decorators, including parametrized decorators, class decorators, and decorator classes

Advanced decorator applications such as memoization and single dispatch generic functions

Use and understand Python’s complex Module and Package system

Idiomatic Python and best practices

Understand Python’s compile-time and run-time and how this affects your code

Avoid common pitfalls

Requirements

Basic introductory knowledge of Python programming (variables, conditional statements, loops, functions, lists, tuples, dictionaries, classes).

You will need Python 3.6 or above, and a development environment of your choice (command line, PyCharm, Jupyter, etc.)

Description

******

Note: This is not a beginner course. Please see prerequisites (or second lecture) before signing up!

Also, Section 2 is a brief review of basic Python, if you are comfortable with Python, please skip it, and start with Section 3

*******

If you’re looking at this course, you are already interested in Python, and I’m not going to sell you on it.

You already know that this popular language is great for solving a huge variety of tasks from REST api development, system scripting, numerical analysis, manipulating data, data analysis to machine learning and AI.

But do you want to learn idiomatic Python?

Do you want to understand why certain things work the way they do in Python?

Do you want to learn best practices in Python, and common pitfalls Python developers can fall into?

Do you want to become a proficient Python programmer and well on the way to becoming an expert?

Instead of just giving you a 5 minute explanation of how to do something in Python that barely scratches the surface, leaving you open to bad practices and pitfalls, I will provide you a much deeper understanding of the how and why of various concepts.

I will not only show you various ways to code common patterns, but also show you the Pythonic way to do the same.

This is not about learning library XYZ, or glossing over important Python language features. This course focuses on the Python language and the standard library which provides a huge amount of functionality – something you should know about before reaching for 3rd party libraries.

Here you’ll start learning what it takes to become an expert Python developer, and the best resources to dive even deeper if you need to.

We look at a variety of topics in detail.

For example, numbers: Next time you have to use real numbers in your application you’ll truly understand why floats behave the way they do and whether you should use a Decimal or Fraction instead (and know how to do it).

Do you know why you should almost never use equality testing (==) with floats? 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 == 0.3 –> False!

Do you know why the float 0.1 actually looks like: 0.100000000000000005551115123126 whereas 0.125 is stored exactly as 0.125000000000000000000000000000?

Do you understand integer division and the mod (%) operator? For negative numbers? Do you want to understand why they behave that way and avoid potential bugs in your code?

For example:

2 % 3 –> 2 -2 % 3 –> 1 2 % -3 –> -1

and

10 // 3 –> 3 -10 // 3 –> -4 -10 // -3 –> 4

Do you truly understand how the boolean operators work? Do you know what this code does: a = True b = False

x = a or b x –> True

Good. How about this?

a = None b = ‘python’

x = a or b x –> ‘python’

Do you want to know why?

Do you know about Python’s associated truth values (truthiness)? And how to leverage this to write cleaner, more Pythonic, code?

How about comprehensions? Would you rather learn to code this way:

def sum_cubes(lst): sum = 0 for i in range(len(lst)): sum = sum + lst[i] ** 3 return sum

or this way:

def sum_cubes(lst): return sum(e ** 3 for e in lst)

Or converting a string into a list of tuples with the index and characters?

The non-Pythonic way to do it: lst = [] for i in len(lst(s)): lst.append((i, s[i]))

or the Pythonic way:

lst = list(enumerate(s))

And 9 times out of 10, you probably don’t even need the list there!

Do you want to know how to fully leverage the hyper flexible way to specify function arguments in Python?

Do you understand this? def my_func(a, b=10, *args, key1, key2=None, **kwargs)

Do you want to learn how to pack and unpack arguments? And iterables in general?

Do you know what this does? a, b, *_, x, y = some_list

or this? x, y = y, x x, y, z = y, z, x

Do you want to know why using a mutable type for function parameter defaults is dangerous? Or a function call? But also learn where you can use it to your advantage?

Can you spot the problem in this “logging” function?

def log(msg, event_time = datetime.utcnow()): print(f'{event_time}: {msg}’)

log(‘message 1’) # 5 minutes later… log(‘message 2’)

Why is the time the same in both cases?

Do you know how to make your custom classes support ordering operators (like <, <=, >, >=, == and !=)? Would you like to know how you can write your own decorator to add this functionality to your classes without having to specify all the possible ordering operators? Or how about using the one that Python’s standard library provides us! How about using decorators to speed up certain function calls using a technique called memoization?

Do you want to learn more about the map, reduce and filter functions? And how comprehensions all but eliminate the need to use them? Or how about partial functions and lambda equivalents? The operator module?

Speaking of lambdas? How about the difference between a “standard” function and a lambda expression?

def say_hello(name): return f’Hello {name}!’

say_hello = lambda name: f’Hello {name}!’

Hint: they’re the same thing! Lambdas are NOT closures by the way.

Do you think everything needs to be a class? Especially if you have a background in languages such as Java or C#? Welcome to Python’s first-class functions and decorators!

Speaking of decorators, do you know how to create one?

Can you now extend this to create decorators that can also accept parameters? How about decorating classes? Or decorating functions using decorator classes?

Do you know what the @wraps decorator does? Do you want to know how it does that? The next time you encounter decorators you’ll understand exactly how they work – they’re not magical, and actually very easy once you have understood what closures are, how they work, and how we can leverage them and the fact that Python is a dynamic language.

Single dispatch generic functions? What are they? How do we create them ourselves? What’s in the standard library?

Do you think tuples are just read-only lists? Are you sure a tuple can never change over time? Guess again – we learn the true meaning of immutability and how variables map to objects in memory.

How about using tuples to return multiple values. Or better yet, using named tuples. And specifying default values for your named tuples.

Do you know the difference between a module and a package? namespace packages?

Did you know you can store and run your Python apps directly from inside zip archives?

Do you understand what imports do and how you can control the visible portion of your packages using imports? Do you know the difference between the various flavors of import (from … import …, import …, etc)?

In part 1 of this series, we focus on variables, memory references, memory management, and functional programming, covering topics like numeric data types, Boolean and comparison operators, first-class functions, lambdas, closures, decorators, introspection, tuples as data structures and all about namespaces, modules and packages.

This course will also grow over time as I keep adding useful videos on common questions, pitfalls and idiomatic Python (See the extras section). If you have special requests, let me know!

In upcoming parts of this series, we’ll deep dive in topics such as exceptions, iterables and iterators, generators, hash maps (dictionaries and sets), object oriented concepts, asynchronous programming and meta programming.

All within the context of standard Python and the standard library.

Each topic is usually split into a lecture and coding session. The Jupyter notebooks are fully annotated and available with every coding video, as well as through a GitHub repository.

Who this course is for:

Anyone with a basic understanding of Python that wants to take it to the next level and get a really deep understanding of the Python language and its data structures.

Anyone preparing for an in-depth Python technical interview.

Created by Fred Baptiste Last updated 8/2018 English

Size: 9.57 GB

Download Now

https://ift.tt/2nohoUU.

The post Python 3: Deep Dive (Part 1) appeared first on Free Course Lab.

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9-11luria-blog · 7 years ago

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Week of: March 19th

9-11 Class Learning Highlights

Language Arts

Fourth grade: Students in fourth grade extended their opinion writing work and learned about how counteragruments can strengthen their writing. We flash-drafted opinion pieces and included counterarguments in our writing.

Fifth grade: Students edited, cited, and published their argument essays with teacher and peer feedback. We began the argument essay post-assessment using everything we know about writing an essay: structure, language, and support.

Math

Green & Blue: This week, students solved division word problems involving multi-digit division with group size unknown and the number of groups unknown. We also picked up where we left off in geometry and discussed the different types of quadrilaterals and engaged in a number of activities to determine the differences between them.

Purple: We wrapped up our unit about arithmetic operations including division of fractions by reviewing the key skills we learned. We also picked up where we left off in geometry and discussed area in the real world. Students determined the area of composite figures in real-life contextual situations using composition and decomposition of polygons.

Red & Orange: Students practiced the tape diagram model drawing strategy to solve multiplication and division word problems by first drawing a tape diagram, then solving for the quotient or product, and finally writing the answer in a full sentence. We reviewed geometry vocabulary terms that relate to lines and angles.

Yellow: Students multiplied decimal fractions by multi-digit whole numbers through conversion to a whole number problem and reasoned about the placement of the decimal. In our geometry and measurement unit, students learned how to make a line plot and interpret data.

Rainbow: Using our knowledge of multiplication facts, students solved division problems using the pictorial method and the standard algorithm method. In our geometry and measurement unit, students learned how to make a line plot and interpret data.

History

Fourth grade: Students began assembling their posters for their Native American history research projects.

Fifth grade: Students began a jigsaw activity with Amendments 11-27, where they split into small groups and became experts on specific amendments, to later teach the larger group about these amendments.

Science

We began a new unit: Botany! We discussed what we know about botany and what we want to learn. We also discussed the vocabulary words botany and botanist.

Yahadut

Students prepared for Pesach by reviewing the different parts of the Haggadah. Students learned about the commandment for each person to see themselves as though THEY came out of Egypt and discussed different interpretations of what that might mean. Students learned a commentary from Rashi, which suggests that only a small percentage of the Israelites actually left and then had to get into the character of different Israelites and decide if they were going to stay or go.

For their parasha learning, students focused on learning about the different types of korbanot or sacrifices that were brought in the mishkan. Students connected this to prayer and blessings that we use in our practices today.

Ivrit

Be’er Sheva: We learned the song Echad Mi Yode’a and started a story board depiction of each verse of the song.

Yerushalayim: We countinued to talk about different parts of the seder and played a Hebrew Go Fish Pesach game to practive the posessive pronouns Li, Lecha and Lach.

Tel Aviv: We continued to talk about the story of Pesach, and created short comics telling what happened to Moshe as a baby.

Haifa: We started our Pesach writing challange and answered diffrent prompts and questions corrosponding to different parts of the Hagadah.

Chumash

Rashi and Rambam: We continued the story and met both Rachel and Leah. Ya’akov marries Leah, and we spoke about decieving and being a good person. We also delved into the grammar, and learned new prounouns and how they are conbined with suffixes in the Torah.

Eben Ezra and Seforno: We finished chaper 45, and continued to speak about Yosef’s relationship with his brothers and whether or not he had truly forgiven them or trusted them.

Community Time: Friends split into five small groups to learn about and research different cultural groups in America as part of our Cultural Awareness unit in the Peace Curriculum. They used current events articles to understand the challenges that these groups might face, in preparation to teach the whole class about their group’s culture.

Questions

Language Arts

Fourth grade: What claims did you make in your writing and what counterarguments did you add to make your writing stronger?

Fifth grade: What is your claim regarding global warming/climate change? What reasons do you have to support your claim?

Math

Green & Blue: Olivia is making granola bars. She will use 17.9 ounces of pistachios, 12.6 ounces of almonds, 12.5 ounces of walnuts, and 12.5 ounces of cashews. THis makes about 25 bars. How many ounces of nuts are there in each granola bar?

Purple: What was the most challenging thing about the arithmetic operations including division of fractions unit? What did you learn that you can use in real life?

Red & Orange: Rita made 5 batches of cookies. There was a total of 2,400 cookies. If each batch contained the same number of cookies, how many cookies were in 4 batches?

Yellow: If the product of 485 × 35 is 16,975, what is the product of 485 × 3.5? How do you know?

Rainbow: Solve 48 ÷ 8 = ? by drawing an area model.

History

Fourth grade: What is one piece of information that you are still looking for for your project?

Fifth grade: What amendments are you researching? What do they mean?

Science

What would you like to learn in the botany unit?

Yahadut

If you had been in Mitzrayim as a slave (according to Rashi’s commentary which states that only one out of every five Israelites actually left Egypt) would you have stayed or left? Why?

Ivrit

Be’er Sheva: Sing Echad Mi Yode’a!

Yerushalayim: מה יש לך? מה אין לך?

Tel Aviv: מה קרה למשה כששהוא היה תינוק?

Haifa: מה אתם אוהבים בפסח? מה לא?

Chumash

Rashi and Rambam: Do you think Ya’akov deserved to be decieved? Why or why not?

Eben Ezra and Seforno: Do you think Yosef forgave the brothers? Did he trust them? What proof do you have?

Community Time: What surprised you when you learned about the different cultural groups in America? What is something you will do differently now knowing this information?

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samanthasroberts · 7 years ago

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Could Brexit lead to comeback for pounds, ounces and yards? – BBC News

Image caption Traders sell fruit and veg in pounds and ounces although they cannot weigh it that way

Not giving an inch, going the extra mile, entering the final furlong, piling on the pounds and doing the hard yards – the English language is rich with phrases derived from the units British people use to measure distances, sizes and quantities.

Known as imperial measures – because they were defined in law in the early 19th Century and spread across the British Empire – these units have a place in our collective vocabulary and history, but could they be about to make a comeback in every day commercial use following the vote to leave the EU?

Although steps towards metrication began nearly a decade before the UK joined the EU in 1973, the gradual adoption of a French measurement system has become synonymous with European integration in the eyes of many and Brexit a priceless opportunity to inch away from it.

Since June’s Brexit vote, a number of companies, ranging from butchers to wine merchants, have said they would relish the chance to be able to trade in imperial units.

Simon Berry, chairman of Berry Bros & Rudd, has gone as far as to say it is his lifetime’s ambition to sell champagne in pint-sized bottles – currently outlawed in the UK – and in his words to reclaim it from “rules-obsessed bureaucrats”.

‘Part of identity’

Campaigner Warwick Cairns says people feel this way because imperial measurements are not only easily understandable but inherently popular.

“There is something about feet and inches that feel part of our identity and culture,” he says. “They make sense on a human scale, they make sense on a cultural scale. It is part of us.”

Image copyright PA

Image caption Attempts to continentalise the UK’s road network came to nothing

A brief history of weights and measures

AD965: King Edgar decrees only “one weight and measure shall pass through the King’s dominions”.

1824: The British Weights and Measures Act defines imperial units

1960: India begins the transition from imperial to metric

1965: The UK government says industry should embrace metric within 10 years

1971: Decimal currency is introduced in the UK

1973: The proposed date for adopting kilometres for road signs lapses

1985: The Weights and Measures Act recognises the parity of metric and imperial measures

1994: Regulations are introduced requiring weighing in metric

2001: Steve Thoburn and other market traders are convicted for selling goods in only imperial measures

2008: EU commissioners rule Britain can carry on using imperial measurements such as pints, pounds and miles

Mr Cairns, who represents the imperial-supporting British Weights and Measures Association and is the author of a book about the issue, insists that people should not be required to use either system, because modern technology can easily accommodate both.

“This is the chance for people to be free to use whatever measures they please,” he says.

“Take my bathroom scales. If I want to weigh myself in kilograms, I can. Flick the switch the other way, and I can weigh myself in stones and pounds. There is no reason why you can’t do that.”

Image caption Most weighing machines are now metric, as is the equipment used to test them

Controversial attempts by the EU – aided and abetted by successive British governments – to make the UK move to a single metric system officially came to an end in 2008, when Brussels agreed to the continued use of pints (for draught beer and cider), pounds and miles, alongside metric units.

Current laws require traders to use metric measurements when weighing packaged or loose goods for sale in England, Wales and Scotland but still allow them to sell goods in imperial quantities and display prices in imperial as long as they do not “stand out more” than the metric signs alongside them.

The rules are not rigorously enforced today, after public and political furore over the prosecution of the “metric martyrs”, a group of market traders convicted 15 years ago of selling goods using only imperial measures.

Image copyright Getty Images

Image caption But pint measures never went away when it came to draught beer and cider

But they are still seen, by both sides of the argument, as a dog’s breakfast ripe for reform.

Advocates of metric say it is perfectly feasible for the two systems to co-exist but does not make commercial sense.

“The current measurement muddle aids only our competitors,” says Derek Pollard, the chairman of the UK Metric Association.

‘Norms and rules’

With 90% of the UK’s trade taking place with metric countries – the US being the stand-out exception – he says the UK would be at a big disadvantage if it reverted.

“To compete effectively, we need a single, logical and universal measurement system that everyone understands and is familiar with,” Mr Pollard says.

This view is shared by the UK Weighing Federation, which speaks on behalf of companies manufacturing, installing and repairing commercial scales and associated equipment – including components, instrumentation and software.

Image copyright AP

Image caption Most of the Commonwealth, including India, uses metric measurement

Not only, it says, are most imperial measuring scales now consigned to people’s lofts or on display in museums, but the equipment used to test commercial weights to guarantee their conformity with technical and safety standards – a procedure known as type approvals – is not available for any mass switch back to imperial.

“All measuring equipment is designed to record in metric,” says its president, Nick Catt.

“If you want to be a manufacturing country and want to have a strong connection with Europe, then you have to follow the European norms and rules.

“Otherwise it would be chaos and it would be consumers who lose out.”

‘Impractical’

Having a dual system of metric and imperial would, he says, involve a “phenomenal” cost to retailers, which would inevitably be passed on to customers – an outcome at odds with the deregulatory impetus behind Brexit.

“It would just not be practical,” Mr Catt says.

“You would have to teach kids in schools what pounds are.

“We are talking about an era that is gone, and we can’t turn the clock back that far.”

The act of Brexit, in and of itself, will not see “lb” signs springing up all over the UK.

For that to happen, Parliament would need to repeal the current regulations, dating back to the mid-1990s, obliging traders to sell their products in metric weights.

Image copyright Getty Images

Image caption Babies’ birth weights are commonly announced in pounds and ounces

As far as the government is concerned, such a change is not on the horizon while it focuses on reassuring investors the UK is open for business globally after the Brexit vote.

“Businesses can already use imperial units alongside metric, or on their own for draught beer and cider, bottled milk and road traffic signs,” a spokesman for the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy said.

“This is national legislation and there has been no change to the law since the referendum result.”

While the issue is unlikely to be the first port of call for MPs as they seek to decouple the UK from 40 years of EU-related legislation over the coming years, there is a body of opinion within Parliament that would support such a move.

In 1998, 89 MPs signed a parliamentary motion opposing compulsory metrication and the prosecution of traders continuing to use imperial.

The motion, which also pledged its support for the “use of customary UK measures”, shows imperial measures have friends in high places.

Among those to sign were Jeremy Corbyn and Philip Hammond – then humble backbenchers but now Labour leader and Chancellor of the Exchequer.

Source: http://allofbeer.com/could-brexit-lead-to-comeback-for-pounds-ounces-and-yards-bbc-news/

from All of Beer https://allofbeer.wordpress.com/2017/12/24/could-brexit-lead-to-comeback-for-pounds-ounces-and-yards-bbc-news/

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adambstingus · 7 years ago