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margdarsanme · 4 years ago

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NCERT Class 12 Political Science (India) Chapter 8 Regional Aspirations

NCERT Class 12 Political Science Solutions (India Since Independence)

Chapter 8 Regional Aspirations

TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED : Q 1. Match the following :

Answer: (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i). Q 2. Regional aspirations of the people of North-East get expressed in different ways. These include movements against outsiders, movement for greater autonomy and movement for separate . national existence. On the map of the North-East, using different shades for these three, show the States where these expressions are prominently found.

Answer: Tripura, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh (See the Map at the end of the Chapter). Q 3. What were the main provisions of the Punjab accord? In what way can they be the basis for further tensions between the Punjab and its neighbouring States?

Answer: Punjab Accord was an agreement signed between the then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and Harchand Singh Longowal, the then President of Akali Dal in 1985 to be known as ‘Rajiv Gandhi Longowal Accord’ also to create normalcy in Punjab: 1. Chandigarh would be transferred to Punjab. 2. To appoint a separate commission to resolve border dispute between Punjab and Haryana. 3. To set up a tribunal to settle down the sharing of Ravi-Beas river water among Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. 4. To provide agreement for compen-sation to better treatment to those affected by militancy in Punjab. 5. To withdraw the Armed forces special power Act ip Punjab. But, peace could not be established easily in Punjab and resulted as follows: (a) It led to many excesses by police and violation of human rights. (b) It fragmented the Akali Dal. (c) President’s rule was imposed and normal political process was suspended. (id) Hence, Political process could not be restored in this atmosphere. Even during elections in 1992, only 24% electors turned out to vote. Consequently above mentioned added to tension between Punjab and its neighbouring states. Q 4. Why did the Anandpur Sahib Resolution become controversial?

Answer: Anandpur Sahib Resolution was passed at the conference of Akali Dal at Anandpur Sahib in 1973: (а) To ascertain regional autonomy and to redefine centre-state relations. (b) Sikhs aspirations aimed at ‘bolbala’ (dominance) of Sikhs. (c) It could also be interpreted as a plea for separate sikh nation despite of federal spirit. But, it became controversial due to following reasons: 1. Due to lack of popularity of Akali Dal resolution had a United appeal. 2. Akali government was dismissed in 1980s it lost its importance. 3. Akali Dal launched a movement on the distribution of water between Punjab and its neighbouring states. 4. Movement went into the hands of extremist elements from moderate Akalis and converted into armed insurgency for which Anandpur Sahib Resolution considered responsible. Q 5. Explain the internal divisions of the State of Jammu and Kashmir and describe how these lead to multiple regional aspirations in that State.

Answer: Jammu and Kashmir comprised of three regions: 1. Kashmir region is Kashmir valley consisting Kashmiri speaking and mostly Muslim with a Kashmiri speaking Hindu minority. 2. Jammu region consists of Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and speakers of various languages, in the areas of foothills and plains. 3. Ladakh region is equally divided between Buddhists and Muslims and maintains an little population area. These internal divisions led to multiple regional aspirations: 1. One strand of separatist to demand a separate Kashmiri nation independent of India and Pakistan. 2. Some other groups want Kashmir to be merged with Pakistan. 3. Third strand wants a greater autonomy for people of state within Indian Union. 4. The demand for intra-state autonomy is as strong as the demand for the state autonomy. In present scenario, most of the separatist in dialogue are trying to re-negotiate a relationship of state with India. Q 6. What are the various positions on the issue of regional autonomy for Kashmir? Which of these do you think are justifiable? Give reasons for your answer.

Answer: On the issue of regional autonomy for Kashmir, the following positions are states as: 1. Kashmiris were promised to make accession on reference of people after situation created by tribal invasion, becomes normal. But it has not been fulfilled, hence, it generated the demand for “Plebiscite”. 2. Sometimes, it was felt that special federal status guaranteed by Article 370 has been eroded practically which led the demand for restoration of autonomy or “Greater State Autonomy”. 3. It is felt that democracy, which is practised in rest of India has not been similarly institutionalised in Jammu and Kashmir. We prefer the first position because ‘Plebiscite’ provides better opportunity to people of J & K to protect and sustain their regional autonomy in a very democratic manner. Q 7. The Assam movement was a combination of cultural pride and economic backwardness. Explain. Answer: Because: 1. It was against outsiders to maintain cultural integration of Assam. 2. There was widespread poverty and unemployment in Assam, despite existence of natural resources like tea, coal and oil. 3. It was felt that these were drained out of state without any commensurate benefit to the people. Q 8. All regional movements need not lead to separatist demands. Explain by giving examples from this chapter.

Answer: Because: 1. Regional aspirations are part of democratic politics. 2. Expression of regional issues is not an abnormal phenomenon. 3. Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland have regional aspirations in United Kingdom. 4. Regional movements are responded through democratic negotiations rather than suppression. – 5. Its examples are in eighties, military erupted in Punjab, problems persisted in the North-East, students agitated in Assam and Kashmir valley was on the boil. 6. The government of India settled down some negotiations with these regional aspirations to reduce tensions in many regions. 7. Mizoram is an example of political settlement to resolve the problem of separation effectively. Q 9. Regional demands from different parts of India exemplify the principle of unity with diversity. Do you agree? Give reasons.

Answer: Yes, we agree with the statement because India adopted a democratic approach on these regional aspirations in place of considering them as anti-national: 1. India’s democratic politics allows people and groups to address the people on the basis of their regional identity, aspiration, and specific regional problems. 2. India’s democratic politics focus on regional issues and problems to receive adequate attention and accommodation in the policy making process, i.e. regional aspirations of Assam, Punjab and North-East, Kashmir etc. 3. Its examples are in eighties, military erupted in Punjab, problems persisted in the North-East, students agitated in Assam and Kashmir valley was on the boil. 4. The government of India settled down some negotiations with these regional aspirations to reduce tensions in many regions. 5. Mizoram is an example of political settlement to resolve the problem of separation effectively. It can be concluded that regional aspirations do not encourage separation but these respect diversity to retain unity in the nation. Q 10. Read the passage and answer the questions below: One of Hazarika’s songs dwells on the unity theme; the seven states of north-eastern India become seven sisters born of the same mother ‘Meghalaya went own way …., Arunachal too separated and Mizoram appeared in Assam’s gateway as a groom to marry another daughter.’ The song ends with a determination to keep the unity of the Assamese with other smaller nationalities that are left in the present-day Assam- ‘the Karbis and the Mising brothers and sisters are our dear ones.’ —Sanjib Baruah (a) Which unity is the poet talking about? (b) Why were some States of North¬East created separately out of the erstwhile State of Assam? (c) Do you think that the same theme of unity could apply to all the regions of India? Why?

Answer: (a) The poet is talking about the Unity of Assamese. (b) Because these states face that Assamese government was imposing Assamese language on them. Hence, regional aspirations began. (c) Yes, same theme of unity could apply to all regions of India because Indian government deals with all these regional aspirations with respect to accommodate regional diversities.

Very Short Answer Type Questions [ 1 Mark]

Q 1. Name the three social and political regions of the Northern most state of India.

Answer: Names of the three social and political regions of the Northern most state of India— (i) Jammu (ii) Kashmir (iii) Ladakh Q 2. Why were the seven small states created in North-East India?

Answer: Seven small states were created in North-East India because of demands for (i) autonomy (ii) movements for secession and (iii) opposition to outsiders. Q 3. Which students group led the anti foreigner movement in Assam?

Answer: All Assam Students’ Union in 1979 (AASU). Q 4. Who were the signatories of Punjab Accord of 1985?

Answer: The then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and Harchand Singh Longowal, the then President of Akali Dal. Q 5. Jammu and Kashmir state comprised of which three social and political regions?

Answer: Kashmir, Jammu and Laddakh regions. Q 6. How did India meet with the challenge of diversity?

Answer: By redrawing the internal boundaries of the country, i.e. created Chhattisgarh Jharkhand and Uttarakhand etc. Q 7. What is the significance of Article 370? Ans. Article 370 signifies special status of Kashmir:

Answer: 1. To give greater autonomy to J & K. 2. To specify that state has its own constitution. 3. All provisions of constitution are not applicable to state. Q 8. Which Prime Minister expressed regret over violence against Sikhs after Indira Gandhi’s death?

Answer: Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in 2005 after twenty years in Parliament to regret over the killings of Sikhs. Q 9. When was first normal election held in Punjab after violence?

Answer: In 1997 in the post militancy era and alliance of Akali Dal and BJP scored victory. Q 10. What do you mean by Seven Sisters?

Answer. The ‘North-East region’ consisting of seven states is referred to as seven sisters.

Very Short Answer Type Questions [2 Mar ks]

Q 1. What does the special status given to J & K under Article 370 mean?

Answer: Article 370 signifies special status of Kashmir: 1. To give greater autonomy to J & K. 2. To specify that state has its own constitution. 3. All provisions of constitution are not applicable to state. Q 2. Highlight any two characteristics of Dravidian movement.

Answer: Dravidian movement was one of the first regional movements in Indian Politics with the ambition to create a Dravid nation: 1. This movement used democratic means like public debates and the electoral platform to achieve its ends. 2. Due to this strategy, movements acquired political power in the state and became influential at national level. 3. Dravidian movement led to formation of‘Dravid Kazhagam’ (DK) under the leadership of Tamil Social reformer ‘E.V. Ramaswami Periyar’. Q 3. Mention the outcomes of Assam Accord of 1985.

Answer: ‘Assam Accord’ was signed between Rajiv Gandhi-led government and AASU leaders over the issue of ‘outsiders’ in 1985: 1. The foreigners who migrated into Assam during and after Bangladesh war and since were to be identified and deported. 2. The Asom G. ;,a Parishad came to power in 1985 with the promise of resolving the foreign national problems as well as to build a ‘Golden Assam’. Q 4. Which accord proved to be a turning point in the history of Mizoram?

Answer: The accord between Rajiv Gandhi and Laldenga of 1986 granted full fledged statehood with special powers to Mizoram. Even MNF (Mizo National Front) agreed to give up secessionists struggle. Q 5. What was the role of Congress in the politics of Jammu and Kashmir?

Answer: Congress dominated the politics of J & K between 1953 to 1974 in the following manner: 1. National Conference remained iconic power with the active support of Congress for sometime but later merged with the Congress. 2. The Congress gained direct control over the government in state. 3. The Congress party also made attempts to have an agreement between Sheikh Abdullah and Government of India. 4. In 1974, Indira Gandhi reached an agreement with Sheikh Abdullah and he became the Chief Minister of State. Q 6. Which communities wanted separate states in the North East region?

Answer: Despite reorganisation of North-East in 1972, autonomy demand arose: 1. Assam communities like Bodos, Karbis and Dimosas demanded separate states. 2. They mobilised public opinion and popular movement and same area was claimed by more than one community. 3. Federal set up satisfied their autonomy i.e. Karbis and Dimosas were granted autonomy under district councils while Bodos were granted autonomous council. Q 7. In what ways the issue of outsiders continues to be a live issue in Assam?

Answer: Assam Accord could not solve the problem of immigration: 1. The issue of‘outsiders’ continues to be alive issue. 2. In Tripura, the original inhabitants have been reduced to being a minority in North-East. 3. The same feelings formed the hostility of local population to Chakma refugees in Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh.

Short Answer Type Questions [4 Marks]

Q 1. What was the main outcome of Rajiv Gandhi-Longowal accord in July 1985?

Answer: 1. Chandigarh would be transferred to Punjab. 2. A separate commission to be appointed to resolve border dispute between Punjab and Haryana. 3. A tribunal to be set up to settle down the sharing of Ravi-Beas river water among Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. 4. To withdraw the Armed forces special power Act in Punjab. Q 2. What was Goa problem? How was Goa liberated and how did it become part of Indian Union?

Answer. 1. Goa was under Portuguese alongwith Daman and Diu since 16th century. 2. We expected freedom in 1947 but Portugal refused to withdraw but the people of Goa wanted to merge with motherland. 3. People of Goa^suppressed from religious conversions and civil rights known as ‘Goa Problem’. 4. In 1961, with in two days Goa, Daman and Diu were liberated from Portugal rule under ‘Operation Vijay’ by Government of India. 5. Goa became part of India and in 1987, it attained the status of ‘State Position’. Q 3. Describe the outcome of Anandpur Sahib Resolution of 1973.

Answer: Anandpur Sahib Resolution was passed at the conference of Akali Dal at Anandpur Sahib in 1973: (a) To ascertain regional autonomy and to redefine centre-state relations. (b) Sikhs aspirations aimed at ‘bolbala’ of Sikhs. (c) It could also be interpreted as a plea for separate sikh nation despite federal spirit. But, it became controversial due to following reasons: 1. Due to lack of popularity of Akali Dal resolution had a United appeal. 2. Akali government was dismissed in 1980 and it lost its importance. 3. Akali Dal launched a movement on the distribution of water between Punjab, and its neighbouring states. 4. Movement went into the hands of extremist elements from moderate Akalis and converted into armed insurgency for which Anandpur Sahib Resolution considered responsible. Q 4. State one similarity and one difference between the crisis in Punjab and Assam during 1980s.

Answer: Similarity- It was regional aspirations given to prior importance and solving the crisis through democratic negotiations. Differences- In Punjab, Akali Dal started the movement for formation of ‘Punjabi Sabha’ wdiereas in Assam, the crisis was against the people who were seen as outsiders or migrants who were considered to be competitors to employment opportunities. Q 5. How was DMK entered in Indian Politics?

Answer: DMK i.e. Dravid Munetra Kazhagam entered in Indian politics with three demands in 1953-54: 1. To restore original name of Kallkudi railway station. 2. The addition of Tamil Cultural History in &hool curriculum. 3. To eliminate craft education scheme. Q 6. When did Independent India first use referendum procedure?

Answer: In 1967 in the case of Goa’s liberation: 1. In January 1967, the central government held a special ‘Opinion Poll’ in Goa asking people to decide it they wanted to be a part of Maharashtra or remain separate. 2. The majority was in favour of remaining outside of Maharashtra, thus Goa became a Union-territory. 3. Goa was granted statehood in 1987.

Passage Based Questions [5 Marks]

1. Read the passage given below carefully and answer thequestions: The Assam Movement from 1979 to 1985 is the best example of such movements against ‘outsiders’. The Assamese suspected that there were huge number of illegal Bengali Muslim settlers from Bangladesh. They felt that unless these foreign nationals are detected and deported they would reduce the indigenous Assamese into a minority. There were other economic issues too. There was widespread poverty and unemployment in Assam despite the existence of natural resources like oil, tea and coal. It was felt that these were drained out of the State without any commensurate benefit to the people.

Questions 1. Name the group that led movement against outsiders in 1979. 2. Why did Assamese seek the detection and deportation of outsiders? 3. What were the economic issues taken up as a part of movement?

Answer: 1. All Assam Students’ Union (AASU). 2. Because they feared that they would reduce the indigenous Assamese into a minority. 3. (i) There was widespread poverty and unemployment in Assam despite existence of natural resources like oil, tea and coal. (ii) It was also felt these were drained out of state without any commensurate benefit to people. 2. Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions: The best way to respond to regional aspirations is through democratic negotiations rather than through suppression. Look at the situation in the eighties-militancy had erupted in Punjab: problems were persisting in the North-East: students in Assam were agitating; Kashmir valley was on the boil. Instead of treating these as simple law and order problems, the Government of India reached negotiated settlement with regional movements. This produced a reconciliation which reduced the tensions existing in many regions. The example of Mizoram shows how political settlement can resolve the problem of separatism effectively.

Questions 1. How are regional aspirations dangerous for the unity of country? 2. What is meant by democratic negotiations? 3. Who was leading agitation in Assam? 4. What steps were taken by government of India to respond regional aspirations?

Answer: 1. It creates the problem of separatism in the country. 2. Democratic negotiations respect the demand of regional aspirations in place of suppression. 3. The students. 4. (i) Reached negotiated settlement with regional movements. (ii) Produced a reconciliation to reduce the tensions existing in many regions.

Long Answer Type Questions [6 Marks]

Q 1. Describe the secessionist movement of Mizos. How as per the provisions of constitution, was it resolved on accommodation of diversities?

Answer: 1. After independence, the Mizo hills was made an autonomous district within Assam. 2. Some Mizos believed that they were never a part of British India and not to belong to Indian Union. 3. The movement of secession gained popular support after Assam government failed to respond adequately to great famine of 1959 in Mizo hills. 4. It led to formation of Mizo National Front (MNF) under leadership of Laldenga. 5. In 1966, the MNF started an armed campaign for independence. 6. The MNF fought gurilla war, got support from Pakistan government and secured shelter in then East Pakistan. 7. At the end oftwo decades ofinsurgency, Mizoram under leadership of Laldenga started negotiations with Indian government. 8. 1986, a peace-agreement was signed between Rajiv Gandhi and Laldenga which granted statehood to Mizoram with special powers and MNF agreed to give up secessionist struggle. 9. Today, Mizoram is one of the most peaceful places in the region alongwith big strides in literacy and development. Q 2. “Regional aspirations, regional inbalances and regionalism are a hindrance in the way of national unity of India”. Do you agree with the statement?

Answer: Because: 1. Regional aspirations are part of democratic politics. 2. Expression of regional issues is not an abnormal phenomenon. 3. Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland have regional aspirations in United Kingdom. 4. Regional movements are responded through democratic negotiations rather than suppression. 5. Its examples are in eighties, militancy erupted in Punjab, problems persisted in the North-East, students agitated in Assam and Kashmir Valley was on the boil. 6. The government of India settled down some negotiations with these regional aspirations to reduce tensions in many regions. 7. Mizoram is an example of political settlement to resolve the problem of separation effectively. Q 3. What were the main provisions of Punjab Accord of 1985? How has peace been restored on seewar lines in Punjab?

But, peace could not be established easily in Punjab and resulted: (a) It led to many excesses by police and violation of human rights. (b) If fragmented the Akali Dal. (c) President’s rule was imposed and normal Political process was suspended. (d) Hence, Political process could not be restored in this atmosphere. Even during elections in 1992, only 24% electors turned out to vote. Consequently above mentioned added to tension between Punjab and its neighbouring states.

Picture/Map Based Questions [5 Marks]

1. On a political outline map of India locate and label the following and symbolise them as indicated:

Questions 1. The 22nd State of India due to its merger. 2. The state out of which the states of Meghalaya, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh were created. 3. Article 370 has a special significance for this state of India. 4. The state whose leader signed an agreement with Rajiv Gandhi. 5. An important state whose leader was Lai Denga. 6. Two states which were not part of state of Assam at the time of India’s Independence. 7. The state associated with Golden Temple and ‘Operation Blue Star’.

Answer: 1. Sikkim 2. Assam 3. Jammu and Kashmir 4. Punjab 5. Mizoram 6. (a) Manipur (b) Tripura 7. Punjab

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#NCERT Class 12 Political Science

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prime24seven1 · 3 months ago

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sarkari-result · 5 years ago

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toldnews-blog · 6 years ago

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New Post has been published on https://toldnews.com/world/india-election-2019-voting-begins-in-worlds-largest-election/

India election 2019: Voting begins in world's largest election

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Media captionThis is the largest election the world has ever seen

Indians have begun voting in the first phase of a general election that is being seen as a referendum on Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Tens of millions of Indians across 20 states and union territories will cast their votes in 91 constituencies.

The seven-phase vote to elect a new lower house of parliament will continue until 19 May. Counting day is 23 May.

With 900 million eligible voters across the country, this is the largest election ever seen.

Live updates from across India

Mr Modi’s Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won a historic landslide in the last elections in 2014.

The Lok Sabha, or lower house of parliament has 543 elected seats and any party or coalition needs a minimum of 272 MPs to form a government.

The BJP has been campaigning to retain a commanding majority, but faces challenges from strong regional parties and a resurgent Congress party, led by Rahul Gandhi.

Mr Gandhi’s father, grandmother and great-grandfather are all former Indian prime ministers. His sister, Priyanka Gandhi, formally joined politics in January.

Image caption Mr Modi has made national security a key election issue

Hundreds of voters began to queue up outside polling centres early Thursday morning. In the north-eastern state of Assam, lines of voters began forming almost an hour before voting officially began.

Voters at one polling booth in Baraut – in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh – got a royal welcome with people were greeted by drums and a shower of flower petals.

But in Chhattisgarh state, suspected Maoists detonated an IED device near a polling booth in the one of the constituencies at around 04:00 local time (23:30 BST) – but no injuries were reported.

The mineral-rich state has witnessed an armed conflict for more than three decades and attacks by Maoist rebels on security forces are common. On Tuesday a state lawmaker was killed in a suspected rebel attack.

Some observers have billed this as the most important election in decades and the tone of the campaign has been acrimonious.

Mr Modi, who stakes his claim to lead India on a tough image, remains the governing BJP’s main vote-getter. But critics say his promises of economic growth and job creation haven’t met expectations and India has become more religiously polarised under his leadership.

How big is this election?

It is mind-bogglingly vast – about 900 million people above the age of 18 will be eligible to cast their ballots at one million polling stations. At the last election, vote turn-out was around 66%.

No voter is meant to have to travel more than 2km to reach a polling station. Because of the enormous number of election officials and security personnel involved, voting will take place in seven stages between 11 April and 19 May.

India’s historic first election in 1951-52 took three months to complete. Between 1962 and 1989, elections were completed in four to 10 days. The four-day elections in 1980 were the country’s shortest ever.

India votes 2019

Which states are headed to the polls?

On Thursday, the following states will vote, with polling stations opening from 07:00 local time (02:30 BST):

Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jammu and Kashmir, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Sikkim, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Andaman and Nicobar islands and Lakshadweep.

Polling in some states, such as Andhra Pradesh and Nagaland, will conclude in one day. But other states, such as Uttar Pradesh, will hold polls in several phases.

Image copyright Getty Images

Image caption Congress leader Rahul Gandhi, and his sister Priyanka Gandhi, come from a political dynasty

What are the key issues?

Hundreds of millions of Indians have escaped poverty since the turn of the millennium but huge challenges remain.

Under Mr Modi, the world’s sixth-largest economy appears to have lost some of its momentum. Although annual GDP growth has hovered at around 7%, unemployment is a major concern.

Mr Modi’s government has been accused of hiding uncomfortable jobs data. In fact, a leaked government report suggests that the unemployment rate is the highest it has been since the 1970s.

Farm incomes have also stagnated because of a crop glut and declining commodity prices, which has left farmers saddled with debt.

Image copyright Reuters

Image caption Officials check Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) machines in West Bengal

Unsurprisingly both parties have targeted the rural poor in their campaign manifestos. The BJP has promised a slew of welfare schemes to India’s farmers, while Congress has promised a minimum income scheme for the country’s 50 million poorest families.

National security is also in the spotlight this election after a suicide attack by a Pakistan-based militant group killed at least 40 paramilitary police in Indian-administered Kashmir in February. India then carried out unprecedented air strikes in Pakistan.

Since then, the BJP has made national security a key plank in its campaign.

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2whatcom-blog · 6 years ago

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India election 2019 Voting to start in world's largest election

Indians will head to the polls on Thursday to vote within the first section of a normal election that's being seen as a referendum on Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Tens of thousands and thousands of Indians throughout 20 states and union territories will solid their votes in 91 constituencies. The seven-phase vote to elect a brand new decrease home of parliament will proceed till 19 Could. Counting day is 23 Could. With 900 million eligible voters, that is the biggest election ever seen. Mr Modi's Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Occasion (BJP) received a historic landslide within the final elections in 2014. The Lok Sabha, or decrease home of parliament has 543 elected seats and any social gathering or coalition wants a minimal of 272 MPs to type a authorities. The BJP has been campaigning to retain a commanding majority, however faces challenges from robust regional events and a resurgent Congress social gathering, led by Rahul Gandhi. Mr Gandhi's father, grandmother and great-grandfather are all former Indian prime ministers. His sister, Priyanka Gandhi, formally joined politics in January. Some observers have billed this vote as an important election in a long time and the tone of the marketing campaign has been acrimonious. Mr Modi, who stakes his declare to steer India on a tricky picture, stays the governing BJP's principal vote-getter. However critics say his guarantees of financial progress and job creation have not met expectations and India has change into extra religiously polarised underneath his management.

How huge is that this election?

It's mind-bogglingly huge - about 900 million individuals above the age of 18 shall be eligible to solid their ballots at a million polling stations. On the final election, vote turn-out was round 66%. No voter is supposed to should journey greater than 2km to achieve a polling station. Due to the big variety of election officers and safety personnel concerned, voting will happen in seven phases between 11 April and 19 Could. India's historic first election in 1951-52 took three months to finish. Between 1962 and 1989, elections had been accomplished in 4 to 10 days. The four-day elections in 1980 had been the nation's shortest ever.

India votes 2019

Which states are headed to the polls?

On Thursday, the next states will vote, with polling stations opening from 07:00 native time (02:30 BST): Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jammu and Kashmir, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Sikkim, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Andaman and Nicobar islands and Lakshadweep. Polling in some states, reminiscent of Andhra Pradesh and Nagaland, will conclude in at some point. However different states, reminiscent of Uttar Pradesh, will maintain polls in a number of phases.

What are the important thing points?

A whole lot of thousands and thousands of Indians have escaped poverty for the reason that flip of the millennium however large challenges stay. Beneath Mr Modi, the world's sixth-largest economic system seems to have misplaced a few of its momentum. Though annual GDP progress has hovered at round 7%, unemployment is a significant concern. Mr Modi's authorities has been accused of hiding uncomfortable jobs information. In actual fact, a leaked authorities report means that the unemployment fee is the very best it has been for the reason that 1970s. Farm incomes have additionally stagnated due to a crop glut and declining commodity costs, which has left farmers saddled with debt. Unsurprisingly each events have focused the agricultural poor of their marketing campaign manifestos. The BJP has promised a slew of welfare schemes to India's farmers, whereas Congress has promised a minimal revenue scheme for the nation's 50 million poorest households. Nationwide safety can be within the highlight this election after a suicide assault by a Pakistan-based militant group killed no less than 40 paramilitary police in Indian-administered Kashmir in February. India then carried out unprecedented air strikes in Pakistan. Since then, the BJP has made nationwide safety a key plank in its marketing campaign. Read the full article

#2what.com #election #india #indians #polling #pradesh #vote

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myshitblogger-blog · 7 years ago

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Change Of Government In Left-Ruled In Tripura Inevitable, Says Amit Shah

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BJP chief Amit Shah is on a two-day visit to Tripura, where the Assembly polls are due. (PTI)

Kulai, Tripura: BJP president Amit Shah today said a regime change in Left-ruled Tripura had become inevitable as the incumbent government had failed on many fronts, including combating the crimes against women and unemployment.

Addressing a public rally in Kulai in…

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#Amit #change #Government #Inevitable #LeftRuled #Shah #Tripura

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brajeshupadhyay · 5 years ago

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Coronavirus Outbreak Highlights: Amit Shah holds meeting with CMs on COVID-19 lockdown, asks for suggestions on restrictions to be lifted

23:55 (IST)

Coronavirus in US Latest Updates

Amid virus lockdown, radio lessons return in Latin America

At a small farmhouse outside Colombia’s capital city, Marlene Beltran picks up a ruler and crayons. She turns on the radio, sits down at a creaky wooden table and helps her 5-year-old brother with a lesson on how to make paper cubes and decorate them with drawings that tell a story.

The Beltrans work on dairy farms and have no internet connection at home. So an hour-long radio lesson developed by the municipal government keeps the children busy — to a degree — while schools are closed because of the coronavirus pandemic.

Broadcasting was once used widely in Latin America to teach basic math and literacy skills to those in rural areas. Now radio and TV lessons are making a comeback during the virus lockdown, especially with the region’s spotty internet connectivity.

“We don’t want children to lose their studying habits,” said Diana Lopez, a teacher in the Colombian town of Funza who helps produce a daily radio show for elementary school students. Her county on the edge of Bogota has 10,000 public school pupils, of which about a third have no computers or internet at home.

(AP)

23:50 (IST)

Coronavirus in Madhya Pradesh Latest Updates

84 new COVID-19 cases reported in Indore

The Indore administration said that 84 new coronavirus cases were reported in the district on Thursday. Total number of cases in the district is now at 3,344, including 126 deaths.

23:46 (IST)

Coronavirus in US Latest Updates

US welcomes Indian, Pakistani companies to produce anti-COVID-19 treatment

"Welcome news that Indian and Pakistani life sciences companies will join forces via voluntary licenses with a U.S. pharmaceutical firm to produce anti-viral treatment for use in 127 countries to fight the threat of COVID-19," the statement said.

Welcome news that Indian and Pakistani life sciences companies will join forces via voluntary licenses with a U.S. pharmaceutical firm to produce anti-viral treatment for use in 127 countries to fight the threat of COVID-19.

— State_SCA (@State_SCA) May 28, 2020

23:38 (IST)

Coronavirus in Maharashtra Latest Updates

Mumbai Police head constable succumbs to COVID-19

A head constable with the Mumbai Police, Jagdish Pandurang Pote from Malvani Police Station succumbed to the coronavirus infection on Thursday, India Today reported.

23:33 (IST)

Coronavirus in Maharashtra Latest Updates

Pune reports 369 new COVID-19 cases

The Pune health department said that 369 new coronavirus cases and 10 deaths were reported in the last 24 hours in district. Total toll rises to 310 while the total positive cases in the district are 7,012.

23:26 (IST)

Coronavirus in Tripura Latest Updates

Two people test COVID-19 positive in Tripura

Tripura chief minister Biplab Kumar Deb said that two people tested positive for coronavirus in the state on Thursday. The state's total COVID-19 tally rose to 244. Of these, 74 are active cases

Deb said, "1050 samples have been tested today for COVID-19, out of which 2 people detected positive. Both of them have returned from Maharashtra. Positive Cases: 244. Active Cases: 74. Discharged: 167. Migrated: 03."

23:14 (IST)

Coronavirus in US Latest Updates

US layoffs climb to 41 million, despite business reopenings

An estimated 2.1 million Americans applied for unemployment benefits last week despite the gradual reopening of businesses around the country, bringing the running total since the coronavirus shutdowns took hold in mid-March to about 41 million, the government said Thursday.

In a glimmer of hope, the overall number of people currently drawing jobless benefits in the U.S. fell for the first time since the crisis began, from 25 million to 21 million, suggesting some companies are starting to rehire.

Still, the Labor Department report underscored the continuing economic damage from the viral outbreak that on Wednesday hit a confirmed death toll in the U.S. of 100,000, more than the number of Americans killed in the Vietnam and Korean wars combined.

(AP)

23:00 (IST)

Coronavirus in Himachal Pradesh Latest Updates

Himachal govt says 90% of pharma industry start production of HCQ

"Ninety percent of HP pharma industries have started production, catering to the health care needs of not only domestic consumers but also supplying hydroxychloroquine, manufactured at Solan's Baddi, to the United States, Himachal Pradesh Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur said," News18 reported.

22:48 (IST)

Coronavirus in France Latest Updates

France to open bar, resturants from 2 June

The France prime minister said that bars, restaurants, cafes to reopen with restrictions from 2 June, AFP reported.

22:35 (IST)

Coronavirus in Maharashtra Latest Updates

Locals in Nagpur red zone hold protest over closed roads

Locals in Nagpur's Mominpura COVID-19 red zone held a protest on Thursday demanding re-opening of roads in the area, today; social distancing norms flouted

22:23 (IST)

Coronavirus in Chhattisgarh Latest Updates

29 new COVID-19 cases reported in Chhattisgarh

Chhattisgarh reports 29 new cases of COVID-19 on Thursday. Total positive cases stand at 398 including 315 active cases: State Health Department

22:08 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

Amit Shah speaks to CMs over lockdown

CNN-News18 reported that Home Minister Amit Shah spoke to chief ministers about the coronavirus lockdown and "heard about their views about restrictions and sectors they want to open up."

22:00 (IST)

Coronavirus in Telangana Latest Updates

Telangana reports 66 new COVID-19 cases

Telangana reported 66 new coronavirus cases, taking the total number of cases to 1,908. The toll is at 67, the state health department said.

21:49 (IST)

Coronavirus in Maharashtra Latest Updates

1,438 people test positive for COVID-19 in Mumbai

The BMC said that 1,438 people have tested positive for COVID-19 in Mumbai on Thursday, taking the total number of cases to 35,273. Total toll rises to 1,135 after 38 deaths were reported.

21:30 (IST)

Coronavirus in Haryana Latest Updates

Haryana govt seals border with Delhi

As Delhi recorded its highest daily-spike of 1,024 coronavirus cases, Haryana government stated that borders with the national capital will be sealed in view of the rising number of infections.

#WATCH "We will keep our border with Delhi completely sealed due to increasing COVID19 cases," Haryana Minister Anil Vij#COVID19 pic.twitter.com/aVZsMJkec2

— ANI (@ANI) May 28, 2020

21:18 (IST)

Coronavirus in Delhi Latest Updates

Over 1,000 COVID-19 cases reported in Delhi over 24 hours

Reports said that 1,024 new cases of the coronavirus were reported in Delhi in the last 24 hours, taking the total number of confirmed cases to 16,281 in the National Capital. The toll stands at 316.

21:15 (IST)

Coronavirus in Rajasthan Latest Updates

Rajasthan reports 251 new COVID-19 cases

The Rajasthan health department said that 251 COVID-19 cases were reported till 8.30pm on Thursday, taking the total number of cases in the state to 8,067.

21:06 (IST)

Coronavirus in Goa Latest Updates

One person tests positive in Goa today

The Goa government said that one person has tested positive for coronavirus in the state on Thursday, taking the total number of cases to 69.

20:53 (IST)

Coronavirus in Karnataka Latest Updates

Karnataka govt clarifies no ban on flights from 5 states

The Karnataka government on Thursday evening clarified that the government had not banned flights from Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan.

"In a clarification issued to the Media this evening, the Minister for Law and Parliamentary Affairs Mr J C Madhuswamy has said that Karnataka has not sought for imposing a ban on flights emanating from these places, as reported in some sections of the Media.

Karnataka has appealed to the Civil Aviation Ministry to take steps to lessen the air traffic to the State, with the sacred intention that there may not be adequate quarantine facilities, if there is huge turn out at a short span of time, he added," reports said.

20:40 (IST)

Coronavirus in Jammu and Kashmir Latest Updates

Jammu and Kashmir reports 115 new COVID-19 cases

The Jammu and Kashmir government said that 115 new coronavirus cases have been reported in the union territory on Thursday, of which 14 are from the Jammu division and 101 from the Kashmir division. The total number of cases stand at 2,036 including 1150 active cases.

20:29 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

NHRC notices to Centre, Railways, Gujarat and Bihar govts over migrants crisis

The NHRC has send notices to the Union Home Secretary, the Railways and the governments of Gujarat and Bihar over hardships faced by migrants onboard trains due to delay in services and lack of food and water allegedly leading to sickness and death of some of them, officials said on Thursday.

In a statement, the National Human Rights Commission observed that the "state has failed to protect the lives of the poor labourers onboard the trains".

The NHRC has taken suo motu cognisance of media reports that the trains which are ferrying migrant labourers are not only starting late but are taking many additional days to reach destination, it said.

"In one of the reports, it is alleged that many migrant labourers lost lives during their journey by train due to longer duration and no arrangements for drinking water and food etc," the statement said.

(PTI)

20:22 (IST)

Coronavirus in Maharashtra Latest Updates

2,598 new COVID-19 cases reported in Maharashtra today

Reports said that 2,598 new COVID-19 cases were reported in Maharashtra on Thursday, taking the total number of coronavirus cases almost to 60,000 in the state at 59,546.

The toll in the state also rose to 1,982 after 85 casualties were reported in the last 24 hours.

20:12 (IST)

Coronavirus in Odisha Latest Updates

Odisha health bulletin today:

Total cases — 1,660 Recovered — 887 Toll — 07 Active cases — 766

19:55 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

MEA says targetting to bring back one lakh Indians in 2nd phase of repatriation

The MEA on Thursday said, "We are targeting to bring back 1,00,000 passengers from 60 countries by the end of Phase II of Vande Bharat Mission. Preparations for the third phase are well underway."

"As of today, 45,216 Indians have returned. These include 8,069 migrant workers, 7,656 students and 5,107 professionals. About 5000 Indians have returned through land border immigration checkpoints from Nepal and Bangladesh," the statement added.

19:45 (IST)

Coronavirus in Ladakh Latest Updates

COVID-19 cases in Ladakh stand at 54

The total number of coronavirus cases in Ladakh is 54, including 11 active cases and 43 cured, the Ladakh government was quoted as saying by India Today.

19:35 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

Over 45,000 Indians brought back under Vande Bharat, says Centre

The MEA said that as of Thursday, 45,216 Indians have returned. These include 8,069 migrant workers, 7,656 students and 5,107 professionals. About 5000 Indians have returned through land border immigration checkpoints from Nepal and Bangladesh.

19:13 (IST)

Coronavirus in West Bengal Latest Updates

West Bengal reports 344 new COVID-19 cases today

Reports said that West Bengal health officials reported 344 new coronavirus cases in the state on Thursday, which is the highest single-day spike in cases so far.

The total number of cases in the state rose to 4,536, which includes 2,573 active cases and 1,668 discharges.

19:06 (IST)

Coronavirus in Maharashtra Latest Updates

36 new COVID-19 cases reported in Dharavi today

Reports said that 36 new cases of coornavirus were reported in Mumbai's Dharavi in the last 24 hours. The total number of cases rose to 1,675 on Thursday in the densely-populated area.

18:57 (IST)

Coronavirus in Odisha Latest Updates

Odisha citizens to sing state song on May 30 in thanks to 'corona heroes'

Odisha chief minister Naveen Patnaik asked people to sing state song 'Bande Utkal Janani' at 5.30 pm on 30 May to express gratitude to 'Corona Heroes'.

"In a video message today, the chief minister said Odisha has lowest Covid-19 fatality rate praised the state for setting an example for others amid the global pandemic," News18 reported.

18:48 (IST)

Coronavirus in Assam Latest Updates

25 new COVID-19 cases reported in Assam today

Assam minister Himanta Biswa Sarma said that 25 new coronavirus cases have been reported in the state on Thursday, taking the total number of cases to 856. Active cases stand at 762.

18:43 (IST)

Coronavirus in Tamil Nadu Latest Updates

Tamil Nadu reports 827 new COVID-19 cases today

Tamil Nadu health minister C Vijayabhaskar said that a total of 827 people tested positive for coronavirus on Thursday, including people who travelled from other states. The states's total number of coronavirus cases rose to 19,372.

18:35 (IST)

Coronavirus in Punjab Latest Updates

19 new COVID-19 cases reported in Punjab

The Punjab government on Thursday said that 19 new coronavirus cases have been reported in the state, taking the total number of cases to 2,158. There are 172 active cases in the state so far.

18:27 (IST)

Coronavirus in Karnataka Latest Updates

Karnataka suspends all travel from five states

Reports said that the Karnataka government had on Thursday suspended the arrivals of flights, trains and vehicles from Maharashtra, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan "into the state to contain the spread of COVID-19," India Today reported.

18:18 (IST)

Coronavirus in Maharashtra Latest Updates

Maharashtra govt issues new guidelines for flyers

The Maharashtra government issued new guidelines for passengers travelling by flight to Mumbai and other places. The move came after the Centre resumed domestic flight operations across the country.

NDTV reported that these include,

"- All passengers will be advised to download the Aarogya Setu app. - They will have to declare that they are not coming from any containment zone and don't have any COVID-19 symptoms. - They will also need to declare that they have not tested coronavirus positive in the last two months and are not under quarantine. - Anyone travelling without meeting the required conditions will face action. - Airlines and airports will ensure social distancing at all times and thermal screening. - All passengers, crew and other staff will have to wear masks and follow sanitation rules. - All passengers will be stamped on their left hand and be under home isolation for 14 days. - Local officials will be authorised to give exemptions to isolation rule for important work. - Passengers who are coming to the state for less than one week will be exempt from home isolation. - Passengers will not be allowed into containment zones of hotspot areas. - Authorities need to be informed of where a passenger is staying if other than their homes. - Passengers are permitted to travel in their personal vehicles to the airport as long as they don't travel from a containment zone"

18:11 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

IndiGo says some asymptomatic passengers have tested positive

"Few asymptomatic passengers who travelled on IndiGo flights were tested positive for COVID-19 on 2 May. Of these, 3 passengers were onboard from Delhi to Jammu on 26 May, six passengers onboard from Bengaluru to Coimbatore on 27 May 27 and 2 passengers onboard from Delhi to Coimbatore on 27 May 27," IndiGo said in a statement on Thursday.

18:01 (IST)

Coronavirus in South Korea Latest Updates

South Korea reports highest jump in COVID-19 cases in 50 days

South Korea on Thursday reported its biggest jump in coronavirus cases in more than 50 days a setback that could erase some of its hardwon gains Health officials warned that the resurgence is getting harder to track and social distancing and other steps need to be taken.

The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said 67 of the 79 new cases reported were from the Seoul metropolitan area where about half of South Koreas 51 million people live.

Health Minister Park Neunghoo called for residents in the metropolitan area to avoid unnecessary gatherings and urged companies to keep sick employees off work.

At least 69 infections so far have been linked to workers at a massive warehouse operated by local ecommerce giant Coupang Hundreds of other infections have been linked to nightclubs and other entertainment venues which saw huge crowds in early May after officials relaxed social distancing guidelines.

(AP)

17:54 (IST)

Coronavirus in Maharashtra Latest Updates

Two TMC corporators test positive for COVID-19

"Two corporators from the Thane Municipal Corporation were among 393 persons who tested positive for COVID-19 in Maharashtra's Thane district on Thursday," News18 reported.

17:46 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

Union cabinet secy holds meeting with officials of COVID-19-hit cities

The Union cabinet secretary on Thursday reportedly held a meeting with municipal commissioners, district magistrates of 13 coronavirus-hit cities to review the situation.

"The measures taken by the officials and staff of the municipal corporations for management of Covid-19 cases were reviewed in the meeting," India Today reported.

17:39 (IST)

Coronavirus in Maharashtra Latest Updates

COVID-19 cases rise to 190 in Maharashtra's Amravati

The total number of coronavirus cases rose to 190 in the Amravati district of Maharashtra on Thursday, after five more people tested positive for the infection in the city since Wednesday night, News18 reported..

17:35 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

Five flights to bring 900 Indians back from Dubai

Five flights operated were from Dubai to Kochi, Kannur, Kozhikode, Hyderabad, and Trivandrum on Thursday, carrying more than 900 passengers back to India: the Consulate General of India, Dubai said.

Five flights operated from Dubai to Kochi, Kannur, Kozhikode, Hyderabad, and Trivandrum today carrying more than 900 passengers back to India: Consulate General of India, Dubai #VandeBharatMission pic.twitter.com/2XiUhb3qHL

— ANI (@ANI) May 28, 2020

17:33 (IST)

Coronavirus in Kerala Latest Updates

One COVID-19 death reported in Kerala

Kerala chief minister Pinarayi Vijayan said that one death due to coronavirus has been reported in the state. "The deceased who was a native of Telangana had mistakenly boarded a train for Kerala instead of Telangana," he added.

17:29 (IST)

Coronavirus in Kerala Latest Updates

Kerala reports 84 new COVID-19 cases today

Reports quoted Kerala health officials as saying that the state saw its highest single-day spike in coronavirus cases, after 84 new patients were recorded. "Of the new cases, 79 patients are people who have recently come back to the state," India Today reported.

17:22 (IST)

Coronavirus in Tamil Nadu Latest Updates

6 who travelled to Salem from Chennai test positive

Six people who travelled to Salem from Chennai on Wednesday by air have been tested positive for COVID-19, said Deputy Director Health department, Salem, Tamil Nadu.

17:09 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

No changes in fundamental properties of COVID-19 so far, says Centre

Principal Scientific Advisor to the Centre, Prof K Vijay Raghavan said that researchers haven't seen any change in the fundamental properties of the virus so far.

"In the next few months both nationally and internationally tests will be available that can be done on an individual," he added.

17:06 (IST)

Coronavirus in Manipur Latest Updates

11 new COVID-19 cases reported in Manipur

In the last 24 hours, 11 new coronavirus cases have been reported in Manipur; taking the total number of confirmed cases to 55, the state government said.

16:56 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

Centre says 34,336 passengers travelled on domestic flights yesterday

Union civil aviation minister Hardeep Singh Puri on Thursday said "Domestic operation figures for 27 May 2020 (till 23.59 hrs) departures 460 with 34,336 passengers handled. Arrivals 464 with 33,525passengers handled. Making it a total of 924 flight movements with 67,861 passenger footfalls on Day 3."

16:46 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

RT-PCR test will find infection regardless of symptoms, says Centre

The RT-PCR test is testing for the presence of the virus and "is agnostic whether you have symptoms or not", said Principal Scientific Advisor (PSA) to the Government of India Prof K. Vijay Raghavan.

"Whether you are asymptomatic, if you have virus it will be detected," he said.

He added, "AICTE and CSIR have embarked on a drug discovery hackathon- this is a high-end hackathon where students are trained with information on how to do computational drug discovery."

16:38 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

Centre says 30 groups working to develop vaccines in India

K Vijay Raghavan, principal scientific advisor to the Centre, said that there are about a total of 30 groups in India — big industries to individual academics — who are trying to develop vaccines to tackle the coronavirus pandemic.

16:28 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

NITI Aayog says fight against COVID-19 will be won through vaccines

VK Paul, member of the NITI Aayog on Thursday said that the fight against coronavirus "will be won through vaccine and drugs".

"Our country's science and technology institutions and pharma industry are very strong," he added.

16:18 (IST)

Coronavirus in India Latest Updates

After deaths on shramik special trains, SC dictates step-by-step orders to provide food to travelling migrants

The Supreme Courtdirected minute orders regarding the provision of food to migrant workers who are travelling back to their native states by trains or bus, after several deaths due to lack of food and water were reported on journeys in the last few days.

The apex court directed the originating state to provide food and water, after which the onus is on the Railways. After the journey, the receiving state "shall give transport, food and meals from stations to their villages. This is applicable for both camps on the way or buses," the SC said.

"All migrants who are stranded shall be provided food by the concerned state at places publicized and notified to them so that they can meet both ends. While they wait for turn to board train or bus, they can survive this way," the bench was quoted as saying by Bar and Bench.

Coronavirus Outbreak LATEST Updates: Reports that Home Minister Amit Shah spoke to chief ministers about the coronavirus lockdown and "heard about their views about restrictions and sectors they want to open up."

As Delhi recorded its highest daily-spike of 1,024 coronavirus cases, Haryana government stated that borders with the national capital will be sealed in view of the rising number of infections.

Reports said that 1,024 new cases of the coronavirus were reported in Delhi in the last 24 hours, taking the total number of confirmed cases to 16,281 in the National Capital. The toll stands at 316.

The RT-PCR test is testing for the presence of the virus and "is agnostic whether you have symptoms or not", said Principal Scientific Advisor (PSA) to the Government of India Prof K. Vijay Raghavan.

"Whether you are asymptomatic, if you have virus it will be detected," he said.

He added, "AICTE and CSIR have embarked on a drug discovery hackathon- this is a high-end hackathon where students are trained with information on how to do computational drug discovery."

The Supreme Court also said that if migrant workers are found on foot by any state authority, they should be "taken to shelters immediately and provided food and all facilities".

The Supreme Court directed state governments to add the details regarding migrant workers awaiting transportation in their replies before the apex court.

Live Law reported that the details demanded by the bench are:

"- number of migrants awaiting transportation to native places; - plan for transportation; - mechanism of registration; - other [requisite] details."

The Supreme Court on Thursday issued interim orders regarding the migrant crisis across the country and said that no train or bus fare should be taken from migrant workers.

"- Migrant workers shall be provided food by the concerned state and UT at places. To be publicised and notified for the period they are waiting for their turn to board a train or a bus. During train journey, originating states will provide meal and water," Live Law quoted the court as saying.

SG Tushar Mehta said that migrant workers started leaving for their home states on foot because they were "locally instigated", in the SC hearing ont the migrant crisis on Thursday.

The Centre is doing a lot to contain the coronavirus outbreak, but there are “Prophets of Doom in our country who only spread negativity, negativity, negativity”, the Solicitor General tells the high court. “These armchair intellectuals do not recognise the nation’s efforts,” he adds.

Trade or consumption of liquor is not a fundamental right and the state has the authority to regulate its sale, the AAP government has told the Delhi High Court maintaining that its levying 70 percent special corona fees' on MRP of all alcohol brands is a price for grant of such privilege to the public.

In the last 24 hours, 131 police personnel have tested positive for COVID-19 and 2 deaths have been reported. The total number of positive cases in Maharashtra Police rise to 2095 with toll at 22. Total 897 personnel have recovered and 1178 cases are active, reports PTI.

The New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) sealed its headquarter building in Central Delhi on Thursday after a senior employee tested positive for COVID-19, taking the total number of employees infected with the novel coronavirus to 7.

Some 122 million Indians were forced out of jobs last month alone, according to estimates from the Center for Monitoring Indian Economy, a private sector think tank. Daily wage workers and those employed by small businesses have taken the worst hit, reports Bloomberg Quint.

In the past 24 hours, 131 more people tested positive for the novel coronavirus in Rajasthan, thereby taking the total confirmed COVID-19 cases to 7,947 on Thursday. The COVID-19 toll in the state stood at 179 after six more deaths were reported.

Assam registered a total 798 COVID-19 cases on Thursday after 15 more individuals tested positive for the novel coronavirus on Thursday, said health minister Himanta Biswa Sarma.

Of the 15 new cases, 11 were reported in Kamrup Metro, three in Dibrugarh while one in Lakhimpur, said Sarma

India registered 6,566 new COVID-19 cases in the past 24 hours, thereby taking the total number of confirmed coronavirus cases at 1,58,333, according to the latest data released by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. The figure also includes 86,110 active cases.

After 194 more individuals succumbed to the viral infection in the past 24 hours, the toll reached 4,531 on Thursday.

Two SpiceJet passengers who travelled from Ahmedabad to Guwahati via Delhi on Monday have tested positive for COVID-19, the airline said on Wednesday.

"Two passengers who had travelled with SpiceJet from Ahmedabad to Guwahati on May 25 have tested positive for COVID-19. The passengers had travelled on SG-8194 (Ahmedabad-Delhi) and SG-8152 (Delhi-Guwahati)," an airline spokesperson said.

"COVID tests were conducted at Guwahati after landing and the passengers were quarantined. The test reports came on May 27. The operating crew has been quarantined and SpiceJet is coordinating with government agencies in notifying other passengers who had travelled with them," the airline said.

The toll due to COVID-19 rose to 4,337 while total number of cases climbed to 1,51,767 in the country, registering an increase of 170 deaths and 6,387 cases in the 24 hours ending at 8 am on Wednesday.

This is the sixth day that the country has registered more than 6,000 new cases. However, the Union health ministry said that there have been "multiple gains" from the lockdown and the most important of them is that it has "decelerated the pace" of the spread of COVID-19.

Confirmed cases climb to 1,51,767

According to the morning update issued by the Union health ministry, the number of active coronavirus cases stands at 83,004 in the country, while 64,425 people have recovered and one patient has migrated, the health ministry said. "Thus, around 42.45 percent of patients (in India) have recovered so far," a senior health ministry official said.

Confirmed cases in India climbed to 1,51,767 on Wednesday. AP

Of the 170 deaths reported since Tuesday morning, 97 were in Maharashtra, 27 in Gujarat, 12 in Delhi, nine in Tamil Nadu, five each in Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal, three in Rajasthan and one each in Andhra Pradesh, Chandigarh, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Telangana and Uttarakhand.

Of the total 4,337 fatalities, Maharashtra accounts for the highest (1,792) deaths in the country, followed by Gujarat with 915 deaths, Madhya Pradesh with 305, Delhi with 288, West Bengal with 283, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh with 170 each, Tamil Nadu with 127 and Andhra Pradesh and Telangana with 57 deaths each.

According to the health ministry data updated in the morning, the highest number of confirmed cases in the country are from Maharashtra at 54,758 followed by Tamil Nadu at 17,728, Gujarat at 14,821, Delhi at 14,465, Rajasthan at 7,536, Madhya Pradesh at 7,024 and Uttar Pradesh at 6,548.

"A total of 4,013 cases are being reassigned to states," the ministry said on its website, adding that its "figures are being reconciled with the ICMR".

Delhi records highest single-day spike

However, since the morning update given by the Union health ministry, many states have reported an increases in both cases and fatalities. Delhi recorded 792 fresh cases pushing the total past 15,000. The National Capital also recorded 15 deaths, taking the toll from the novel coronavirus to 303.

In Maharashtra, 105 more patients succumbed to the viral disease, taking the toll in the state to 1,897, whereas, the number of cases rose by 2,190 to 56,948, with Mumbai alone recording 1,044 new cases.

The state government, however, said that it is hoping to bring the numers under control by next week.

"The cases which are rising are in the same containment zones with high densities. There aren't new areas from where cases are coming up. And even in these containment areas, the numbers are slowly decreasing. We should be able to bring the numbers under control by next week," said Maharashtra minister Jayant Patil on Wednesday, according to News18.

Tamil Nadu also saw a sharp rise in cases as 817 more people tested positive, including 138 returnees from Maharashtra while six patients succumbed to the viral infection on Wednesday. The infection count in the state is now 18,545 while a total of 133 persons have died due to the disease.

The number of cases continued to rise in Kerala as well with the return of people from various states as well from abroad. The state which had been lauded for controlling the spread of the contagion reported 40 new cases on Wednesday, of which 37 were returnees, taking the overall tally 1,003. Presently, 445 people are undergoing treatment in various hospitals in the state and over 1.7 lakh are under observation, PTI quotes Kerala chief minister Pinarayi Vijayan as saying.

Tripura also reported 23 new cases and officials said that the majority of the recent cases have been detected among people returning from Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal and other states.

In Madhya Pradesh, the Raj Bhavan, the residence of the state governor, was declared as a containment zone after six persons living on the campus tested positive for the viral infection.

Raj Bhavan sources told PTI that after the first case of COVID-19 was found at the Raj Bhavan a couple of days back, the sample of Governor Lalji Tadon was also collected for testing.

Meanwhile, officials in the hill state Uttarakhand said that the doubling rate of coronavirus cases has worsened and the number of infections has jumped nearly five times in this period due to the influx of people from outside the state.

New cases were reported from various other states and union territories as well, including Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Odisha, Gujarat, Goa, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Puducherry.

Lockdown slowed spread of virus, insists health ministry

Meanwhile, the Union health ministry in a statement said the lockdown had contributed to the slowing of the spread of the virus in the country.

"Lockdown has garnered multiple gains, and primarily among them is that it has decelerated the pace of spread of the disease," the ministry said.

Estimates made by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation showed that a large number of deaths and cases have been averted, it said, adding that health infrastructure also had been strengthened.

"Health infrastructure required for COVID-19 management was ramped up during the lockdown. As on 27 May, 930 dedicated COVID hospitals with 1,58,747 isolation beds, 20,355 ICU beds and 69,076 oxygen supported beds are available," the statement said.

The Centre has also provided 113.58 lakh N-95 masks and 89.84 lakh Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) to the states, union territories and central Institutions, the ministry said, adding that the testing capacity has increased in the country through 435 government laboratories and 189 private laboratories (total of 624 labs).

Chhattisgarh announces austerity measures

However, the impacts of the lockdown on the economy, particularly on the revenues earned by states continued to be evident, with the Chhattisgarh deciding to undertake various austerity measures.

"The state government has taken several important decisions to cut its expenditures and ensure optimal utilisation of resources available for development-oriented works in the backdrop of fall in revenue collection due to the lockdown," a public relations official told PTI.

"As a part of the measures, creating new vacancies, transfer of government staff, holding meetings in expensive hotels, foreign tours and purchase of new vehicles have been prohibited," he said.

The Punjab government decided to ask the Centre for a fiscal stimulus of Rs 51,102 crores to help the state tide over the financial crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic and the prolonged lockdown that ensued.

A draft memorandum to this effect was approved by the Council of Ministers, at a meeting chaired by Chief Minister Amarinder Singh.

Meanwhile, two days after domestic flight operations were restarted in the country after a gap of two months, national carrier Air India said that a passenger, who had travelled on an Alliance Air flight from Delhi to Ludhiana on 25 May, has tested positive for the novel coronavirus, following which 41 people, including five crew members, have been quarantined.

At least seven migrants died onboard Shramik Special trains

The plight of migrants also continued to make it to the headlines, a day after the Supreme Court issued notices to the Centre and states on the issue.

According to PTI, at least seven deaths were reported onboard Shramik Special trains for migrant workers on Wednesday. The seven deaths — four on-board trains travelling to Bihar and three terminating in Uttar Pradesh — happened over the past few days, and were reported on Wednesday.

However, Railways officials said that most of the deceased had pre-existing health conditions.

Among the dead was 35-year-old Uresh Khatoon. Her toddler's vain attempt to awaken her from the eternal sleep on a platform in Bihar's Muzaffarpur was captured in a moving video that went viral on social media Wednesday, opening the floodgates of criticism for the Railways. The Railways attributed her death to a recent heart surgery, also corroborated by her son.

Another death reported from Muzaffarpur was that of a four-and-a-half-year-old son of a migrant from Bihar based in Delhi. The boy died at the railway station on arrival by a 'Shramik Special' train, while his father desperately hunted for some milk he believed would have saved his child.

While the father said that his son died of heat, Deputy Superintendent of Police, Railway, Ramakant Upadhyay, claimed the boy was ailing for some time and had died before the train reached Muzaffarpur station.

Two migrant workers were also found dead on a Shramik Special train at a Varanasi railway station on Wednesday morning.

Travelling migrant workers have complained of lack of food and water on-board these Shramik Special trains and also alleged they are not running on time and are being diverted "at will".

The Railways has, however, maintained that these trains are running on "pre-scheduled rationalised routes".

Some trains which should have taken 24 hours to reach to their destinations, arrived in over two days, according to reports, leaving the passengers on-board hungry and desperate.

Schools in West Bengal to remain shut till 30 June

West Bengal chief minister Mamata Banerjee said the state considers ferrying of a large number of migrant workers by trains as a big problem for public health, as she sought Prime Minister Narendra Modi's intervention in the matter. Those returning from the coronavirus hotspot states of Maharashtra, Delhi, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Tamil Nadu will have to go for a 14-day institutional quarantine, Banerjee said.

Migrant workers wait outside a railway station in Mumbai hoping to be able to return to their home states. AP

The state government also announced that all schools will remain closed till 30 June.

In Mizoram, Chief Minister Zoramthanga said his government is contemplating extending the coronavirus-induced lockdown beyond 31 May in view of the influx of migrants from outside the state.

The Himachal Pradesh government has already authorised all district magistrates to extend the coronavirus lockdown beyond 31 May and three DMs have issued orders indicating that the curfew will continue in their areas for another month.

A nationwide lockdown has been in place since 25 March and the ongoing fourth phase of the lockdown is scheduled to remain in place till 31 May. While several relaxations have been given in the fourth phase for allowing various economic activities, educational institutions are among those that have not been allowed to open as yet.

With inputs from PTI

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NCERT Class 12 Political Science (India) Chapter 8 Regional Aspirations

NCERT Class 12 Political Science Solutions (India Since Independence)

Chapter 8 Regional Aspirations

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