#Three wheeler engine valves

[wetsteve3]

1931 Henderson "KJ" Streamline | USA

Henderson was a manufacturer of 4-cylinder motorcycles and produced two wheelers from 1912 until 1931. They were the largest-capacity and fastest motorcycles of their time. Henderson appealed to both sport riders and police departments. Police favored four-cylinder motorcycles for traffic patrol because they were faster than anything else on the roads. The company began during the Golden Age of motorcycling, and ended during the Great Depression.

The Streamline model (factory index KJ), appeared in 1929 featuring improved engine and a return to the IOE (inlet over exhaust) valve configuration. From this moment modified engine shows 45 hp at 4000 rpm. It has a five main bearing crankshaft, and down draft carburetion. The Streamline is really fast - capable of a genuine 100 mph (～160 kmph), and advanced for its time, with such features as leading-link forks and an illuminated speedometer built into the fuel tank.

On Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929, the Wall Street stock market crashed, but Henderson sales remained strong, and business continued. At this point Excelsior Motor Mfg. & Supply Co. was one of America's "Big Three" of motorcycle production, alongside Harley-Davidson and Indian.

The last motorcycle left the factory in September 1931.

[arfathbaig112]

Internal Combustion Engines: A Comprehensive Guide

Internal combustion engines (ICEs) have been the driving force behind technological advancements for over a century. The Indian Internal Combustion Engines Market is projected to reach USD 8.3 billion by 2026, growing at a CAGR of 7.6% during the forecast period (2020–2026). This growth is primarily driven by the increasing demand for vehicles, construction equipment, and power generation solutions in the country that uses ICEs.

Basic Components of an Internal Combustion Engine 

An ICE consists of several interconnected components that work together to produce power:

Combustion Chamber: The space where the fuel-air mixture is ignited and combustion occurs.

Piston: A movable component that reciprocates within the cylinder, converting the combustion energy into mechanical energy.

Connecting Rod: A component that connects the piston to the crankshaft, transmitting the mechanical energy.

Crankshaft: A rotating shaft that converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion.

Valves: Devices that control the flow of fuel-air mixture into and out of the combustion chamber.

Fuel System: Delivers fuel to the engine for combustion.

Ignition System: Ignites the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber.

Cooling System: Removes excess heat from the engine to prevent overheating.

Exhaust System: Directs the exhaust gases from the engine to the atmosphere.

How an Internal Combustion Engine Works 

ICEs typically operate on either a four-stroke or a two-stroke cycle.

Four-Stroke Cycle:

Intake Stroke: The intake valve opens, allowing a mixture of fuel and air to enter the cylinder.

Compression Stroke: The intake valve closes, and the piston compresses the fuel-air mixture.

Power Stroke: The spark plug ignites the compressed mixture, causing a power stroke that pushes the piston downward.

Exhaust Stroke: The exhaust valve opens, and the piston pushes the exhaust gases out of the cylinder.

Two-Stroke Cycle:

Intake and Compression Stroke: The piston moves downward, creating a vacuum that draws in a fresh charge of fuel and air.

Power and Exhaust Stroke: As the piston moves upward, the compressed mixture is ignited, generating power and forcing the exhaust gases out through the exhaust port.

Types of Internal Combustion Engines 

ICEs can be classified based on several factors:

Fuel Type:

Gasoline engines

Diesel engines

Natural gas engines

Number of Cylinders:

Single-cylinder engines

Multi-cylinder engines (V-engines, inline engines, etc.)

Cooling System:

Air-cooled engines

Liquid-cooled engines

Ignition System:

Spark-ignition engines (gasoline engines)

Compression-ignition engines (diesel engines)

Applications of Internal Combustion Engines

ICEs are used in a wide range of applications, including:

Automobiles Passenger & Commercial Vehicles: Cars, trucks, and SUVs

Motorcycles Two & Three Wheelers: Bikes, scooters, passenger & goods carriers

Construction Equipment: Excavators, bulldozers, and cranes

Marine Engines: Boats and ships

Power Generators: Providing electricity for various purposes

Advantages and Disadvantages of Internal Combustion Engines 

ICEs offer several advantages:

Efficiency: They can convert a significant portion of the fuel’s energy into mechanical work.

Power Output: ICEs can produce substantial power, making them suitable for heavy-duty applications.

Versatility: They can be adapted to fit various applications and sizes.

However, ICEs also have some disadvantages:

Pollution: The combustion process produces harmful emissions that contribute to air pollution.

Noise: ICEs can be noisy, especially when operating at high speeds.

Fuel Consumption: The consumption of fossil fuels can contribute to climate change.

The Future of Internal Combustion Engines 

With increasing environmental concerns and stringent fuel efficiency regulations, the future of Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) is evolving. While there is a growing emphasis on alternative power sources like electric vehicles, ICEs are still a dominant force in many industries.

At Greaves Engineering, we are committed to driving innovation in ICE technology to ensure their continued relevance. Our focus on research and development has led to significant advancements in:

Fuel Efficiency: We have developed engines that deliver exceptional fuel economy, reducing carbon emissions and operating costs.

Emission Reduction: Our engineers have implemented cutting-edge technologies to minimise harmful emissions, ensuring compliance with stringent environmental regulations.

Performance Optimization: We continuously strive to enhance the power output and performance of our ICEs, making them suitable for a wide range of applications.

Greaves Engineering’s Role in Shaping the Future of ICEs 

Greaves Engineering is actively contributing to the future of ICEs by:

Developing Sustainable Solutions: Our focus on fuel-agnostic engines and alternative fuel options demonstrates our commitment to a sustainable future.

Investing in Research and Development: We invest heavily in research and development to explore new technologies and improve the efficiency and performance of our ICEs.

Collaborating with Industry Partners: We collaborate with industry leaders to develop innovative solutions and drive the adoption of advanced ICE technology.

While the transition to electric vehicles is gaining momentum, ICEs will likely remain a crucial part of the transportation landscape for many years to come. Greaves Engineering is at the forefront of this evolution, ensuring that our ICEs continue to meet the demands of a changing world.

[vicky8588]

TAPPET MARKET

MARKET OVERVIEW

"Report on Global Tappet analyses the market size, shares, recent trends, competitive intelligence, and future market outlook. Tappet usage in combustion engines is on the rise. Demand from Passenger and Commercial Automotives in Asia Pacific is spiking. Competitive rivalry intensifies with Federal-Mogul, Competition Cams, Otics Corporation and others operating in the market."

Tappets are the essential component of the internal combustion engine, which converts the camshaft's rotating motion into linear motion of the valves. The tappet is the mechanical part that helps to reciprocate the part of the valve gear in beam engines to transmit intermittent motion. The tappets can be produced with the latest technologies with high productive CNC and SPM machines.

To Get a Free Sample Click here

TAPPET MARKET TRENDS AND DYNAMICS

The market is driven by the rising sale of passengers and commercial vehicles due to increased disposable income and a surge in global populations. According to the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers, in 2019, the commercial and passenger vehicle sale was registered to around 91358457 numbers of units worldwide. As the tappets are the essential component of the automobile engine requires adjusting the air-fuel mixture at the camshaft.

There is a rise in the adoption of advanced technology like laser-based processes to manufacture the engine components for automobiles and heavy vehicle displays. For instance, on 30th August 2018, Federal-Mogul Powertrain had developed laser processes for the large bore of the future piston rings that provide higher wear resistance. The techniques are eco-friendly galvanic coatings developed with new surface treatments for future engine and fuel developments in the industrial and marine sectors.

TAPPET MARKET SEGMENTATION ANALYSIS

The global tappet market is segmented based on product type, applications, and region.

In terms of product type, the global tappet market is bifurcated into flat and roller. Among these, the flat segment has the highest market share in 2019 due to the increasing demand for the vehicles to launch advanced technology for a smoother operating engine at a lower cost. For instance, in 2019, SAC Indian Company developed the tappet with an increased machining capacity of Tappet (cam followers) of around 8.40 million per annum, enhanced from 7.2 million per Annum with the latest metrology and metallurgy lab to measure all the critical parameters of the Tappets.

Similarly, the roller segment is also growing faster due to raising the global demand for the advanced technology-based fuel saver and wear-resistant cam and follower worldwide.

Depending on the vehicle type, the global tappet market is divided into passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, etc. Among these, the commercial vehicles segment had the highest share in 2019. This is primarily due to the rising sale and production of commercial vehicles, which has generated a huge demand for the tappet used in engine manufacturing. According to the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers, in 2019, the numbers of commercial vehicles produced were more than 27016764 numbers of units.

Similarly, passenger vehicle segments are also growing faster due to the rising sale of passenger vehicles worldwide. According to the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA), in 2019, the global passenger vehicle sales have been registered to around 64341693 numbers of units. This propels the segmental growth for the tappet market.

Depending upon the Engine size, the global tappet market is bifurcated into <4 cylinders, 4-6 cylinders, and >6 cylinders. Among these 4-6 cylinders, this is primarily due to the rising demand for heavy trucks, coaches, buses with a surge in the global population.

Similarly, <4 cylinders and >6 cylinders are also growing faster due to increasing the sale of passenger cars, two-wheelers, and three-wheelers around the globe.

Depending upon the distribution channel, the global tappet market is bifurcated into aftermarket and OEMs. Among these OEMs, the segment has the highest market share due to increasing the demand for the tappet by the original vehicle manufacturers with the growing adoption of advanced technology. For instance, on 30th October 2018, the GM Genuine Original Equipment Manufacturer of the automotive Parts and AC Delco has been expanded the product portfolios of the automotive components to meet growing customer demand.

Similarly, the aftermarket segment is also growing faster due to distributors, wholesalers shops, and the rising trend of custom vehicles worldwide.

GLOBAL TAPPET MARKET GEOGRAPHICAL SHARE

By region, the global Tappet market is segmented into North America, South America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle-East, and Africa. Among all of the regions, Asia Pacific is the dominant region for the global tappet market. It is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecasted period due to leading manufacturing players with growing automotive sales and production, followed by the North America region. According to OICA, in 2019, there were around 44 million vehicles sold in this region, from which China remains the leading market with 28.08 million sales. This propels the tappet market's demand, which is the engine's core part of the vehicles' forecast period.

North America is also growing faster for the tappet market, owing to rising automotive sales with a surge in consumer spending. As per the OICA in 2019, around 25 million new vehicles have been registered in North America, followed by the Europe region. Similarly in the Europe region, the vehicle sale is rapidly growing due to rising consumer demand. For instance, in 2017, as per the International Transport of Clean Transportation (ICCT) report in the UK, more than 4.3 million new sport utility vehicles (SUV) have been registered. This has been propelled the demand for commercial and passenger vehicles, ultimately boost the tappet market.

TAPPET MARKET COMPANIES AND COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

The global Tappet market is highly competitive with the presence of several international and local markets. Product diversification, revenue generation, and opportunities intensify the market competition. Otics Corporation, Eaton, Schaeffler SKF, TRW, Federal-Mogul, NSK, Rane Engine Valve Limited,  AC Delco, Competition Cams, and Lunati are the leading market players with significant market share.

Companies are entering into collaborations, acquisitions, mergers, and licensing for increasing their market penetration. For instance, on 28th Nov 2018, Schaeffler Company has acquired Elmotec Statomat GmbH to enhance the production capabilities of leading manufacturers of production machinery for the high-volume.

About DataM Intelligence:

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[airmanisr]

ANEC II 'G-EBJO' by Alan Wilson Via Flickr: c/n 2 Built 1924 Owned and operated by the Shuttleworth Collection and seen displaying at the collection’s ‘Flying Festival of Britain’ airshow. Old Warden, Bedfordshire, UK 6th June 2021 The following info was taken from the collections website back in 2014:- "The Air Navigation and Engineering Co Ltd at Addlestone in Surrey were successors to the war time Bleriiot and Spad Manufacturing Co. In 1923 their Chief designer, Australian W S Shackleton, designed the A.N.E.C. I ultra-light monoplane around the new 1,070cc Bristol Cherub and two of them took part in the Air Ministry single seater Lympne Trials later that year, modified to take the inverted 696cc Blackburne Tomtit V twin which met the 750cc limit for the Daily Mail performance competitions at the Trials. Both A.N.E.Cs performed well but the second, G-EBIL, distinguished itself by achieving 87.5 miles to a gallon of petrol and reaching the tremendous height of 14,400 feet (after 2½ hours!). The Ministry were interested and purchased BIL, which appeared in RAF markings fitted with an 1,100 cc Anzani, but no order resulted and the aircraft returned to the civil register. Encouraged by the 1923 success, Shackleton designed a two seat version for the 1924 Trials, to be powered by an 1,100cc direct drive inverted V twin Anzani. The A.N.E.C. II is of similar configuration to the I and has a fuselage built up from six spruce longerons and three plywood bulkheads, with ply covering for rigidity. The narrow fuselage top decking is concave at the nose, to improve the pilots (it was dual control) visibility over that of its predecessor. The high mounted, parallel chord monoplane wings, with slight dihedral and sweepback, are built on two box section spars, three-ply covered to the rear spar on the underside and the front spar on top. They are bolted to two of the fuselage bulkheads and strut braced to the lower longerons. The front struts are adjustable for incidence. The tail surfaces are built into the fuselage structure and feature a large rudder. This latter was necessary to aid ground steering because the low slung fuselage on its simple bent steel tube undercarriage axle meant the tailskid had to be fitted midway along the curved fuselage to keep the aircraft belly off the ground. Despite a generally favourable official appraisal of the aeroplane, the engine let it down badly, first with a broken valve and then a malfunctioning carburettor, so that it missed the elimination preliminaries and failed to start in the Trials. After the abortive Lympne entry the A.N.E.C. II was certificated, registered G-EBJO and sold to G L P Henderson who fitted a 32hp Bristol Cherub and modified the undercarriage to strut type to improve ground clearance. BJO was then sold to Norman Jones who raced it in various events before selling it in 1929 to Allen Wheeler who flew it extensively before himself selling it in 1931, by which time it was in a sorry state minus engine, undercarriage and instruments, to Jimmy Edmunds at Old Warden for £8.00. Six months later Edmunds had completed a rebuild and BJO was then based at Old Warden until January 1935. After that it passed through three more private owners until the registration was cancelled in 1937. The remains of the aircraft were then stored at Old Warden until a rebuild to the post Lympne configuration was undertaken by Don Cashmore (who built the Cygnet replica).

[rootsmulticlean]

Mechanised Road Sweeping Machines – For Cleaner & Safer Roads

Roots RSB 6000 Truck Mounted Road Sweeper

In this modern day with ever increasing traffic, the biggest challenge is the sharp increase in road accidents. Two and three-wheeler riders accounted for 40% of all traffic fatal accidents in India, according to WHO’s Global Status Report on Road Safety and India ranks first in the number of road accident deaths across the 199 countries and accounts for almost 11% of the accident related deaths in the World.Civic Bodies face a real challenge of maintaining cleaner and safer roads free from fine sands. Fine sand that gets accumulated near the center median and on the side of the roads is a major threat to two wheeler riders who have to navigate through with extra caution. To sweep these sands, Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) are engaging conservancy workers, who manually sweep the accumulated sand mounds near the center median. However the constant vehicle movement, dissolves the mounds by pushing the sand back on to the road, giving a tough time to motorists who struggle for balance, especially two-wheeler riders.Also known as City Sweepers, the Truck Mounted Sweepers come as a boon and a great solution in resolving this day to day challenge faced by Municipal Corporations in ensuring cleaner and safer Roads for motorists to commute…Roots Multiclean Ltd is the Leader in the cleaning Industry with wide range of mechanized cleaning solutions for almost three decades. Our innovative and hi-tech Road sweeping machines also known as City Sweepers are manufactured at the state-of-the-art manufacturing facility in Coimbatore.With the experience of offering City Sweepers for over 20 years now, Roots Multiclean Ltd is proud to offer the RSB 6000, the High-Performance Road sweeping Machine, a truck mounted sweeper, with maximum performance, strength, efficiency and productivity.The

RSB 6000 City Sweeper

comes equipped with unbeatable features and innovative technology.As the name suggests, The Truck Mounted Sweepers are sweeping units mounted on to a Truck for primary movement and the functions of the sweeping unit is controlled by an Auxiliary engine.The Powerful yet fuel efficient Auxiliary engine, powers the broom and vacuum functions of RSB 6000. While in operation, the Side & Center Brooms dislocates the sand/debris from the surface and moves it towards the Suction Head, which effectively picks up all the debris and collects in to the Hopper. The RSB 6000 offers a Hopper capacity of 6 cu.m. This large hopper supports uninterrupted and large area coverage.The Hydraulically operated Hopper Door has an opening angle of 90º with Hydraulic locking system. The controls from inside the cabin, make it a safe system and easy to operate always.The challenging part of Dust suppression even in heavy sand/dust accumulated surfaces is taken care by Water Suppression at source. Dust suppression by water sprinkling through multiple different nozzles ensures Dust suppression at its best. Flying dust inside the hopper is also totally arrested by continuous water spray making RSB 6000, an all Weather Runner.The Polypropylene main Broom combined with the Spring Steel Side Brushes ensures excellent sweeping performance every time. The Two free floating Suction hoods on either side with the choice of operating any one hood independently or both simultaneously depending upon the need offers supports excellent sweeping performance.Safety parameters have always been an important aspect of machines from RMCL’s stable and RSB 6000 is no exception… The Hopper load holding valve in addition to the Manual safety lock to ensure additional safety is a classic example in addition to Auxiliary engine control unit with automatic safety shut down, Hopper home position indicator, Hopper overload indicator, warning beacon etc.Equipped with an option of High Pressure water jet

of 130 bar, this machine makes it simple to clean sign boards, monuments, paver blocks on the walking tracks, barricades and any kind of stubborn and sticky dirt on different surfaces.Inbuilt water tank of 1000 Liters, this machine offers an optional tank of 800 liters.The In-built wander hose system ensures Gutter and difficult to access area cleaning a simple task.RSB 6000 Sweeping kit is engineered to suit different brands of international Trucks.Thanks to the robust and rugged construction, the RSB 6000 Road Sweeper offers excellent sweeping performance even in challenging working conditions in Ports, Container terminals & Manufacturing units and many ULBs across India.

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The Role Of Industrial Vacuum Cleaners In Manufacturing Sectors

Rhino RD 180 For Cement Plants

Reasons Why You Need A Scrubber Drier?

[dharmraj2022]

Key Project Details

Walchandnagar Industries Ltd, Walchandnagar

Site Work-Installation-Commissioning of 3x-150MT Cap LPG Storage Bullets for LPG Bottling Plant at IOCL Manmad.

Design – Fabrication – Supply of 10nos. CS Heat Exchangers for MRL Chennai.  

2. Larsen and Toubro Limited, Hazira and Vizag

Fabrication & testing of Critical Pressure Vessel for one of the Prestigious Defence project

3. Al Zamil Heavy Industries, Jeddah / KSA: Design – Fabrication – Supply of

06x NGL Storage Bullets for Khursaniyah Gas Processing Complex for Saudi Aramco

Critical Pressure Vessels to one of the Saudi Aramco Project thru Saipem

Critical Pressure Vessels to Foster Wheeler for their SABIC project

4. Praj Industries Limited, Pune: Design – Fabrication – Supply of

Nickel Vessels, Heat Exchangers and Photochlorination Reactors for C-PVC project of DCW, Tuticorin / TN.

Scrubbers and Separators (MOC-SS 904L)for ThyssenKrupp’s Petro-Vietnam project

Critical High-Pressure Vessels (MOC-CS) for NOCIL, Mumbai

Volume Bottles (MOC-CS) for GE Oil & Gas, End user: Dangote Refinery, Nigeria

Lethal Service equipment – Pressure Vessel, Columns, Heat Exchangers for Bayer Material Science – Germany and USA

Pressure Vessels, Columns and Heat Exchangers for L&T Hydrocarbon Engineering (End user: GSFC Baroda for their Melamine project)

Pressure Vessels, Columns and Heat Exchangers for L&T Hydrocarbon Engineering for their client – Farabi Petrochemicals, KSA.

Critical Pressure Vessels for Linde Engineering for their Client – SABIC, KSA.

5. Doha Petroleum Construction Company, Doha / Qatar: EPC Oil & Gas Projects

LPG Bottling plant for Qatar Petroleum at New Industrial Area – Doha

Crude Oil Import / Export Facilities upgrade and Beach Landing Valves at Halul Island

Shut-down: Replacement of three 1st stages NGL-3 Booster Compressor Knock- out (K.O.) drums at Al-Mesaieed for Qatar Petroleum as Shut-down project

Fabrication and Supply of RO Skids for Qatar Shell GTL project, Ras Laffan

6. Megha Engineering and Infrastructures Limited, Hyderabad: EPC Oil & Gas Project

ONGC’s Assam Renewal project (ARP)

7. Sanghvi Movers Limited, Pune: Crane Rental & Erection Services

On time Deployment of Heavy-duty Crawler Cranes and Mobile cranes for key clients from Cement Plants, Oil & Gas Refineries, Steel Plants, Fertiliser Plants and Renewable Wind Energy sector.

[3wheelervehicles]

Piaggio Vehicles launches Apé NXT+ In Pune, Gives Mileage Of 50km Per Kg For CNG Version – Punekar News

The Apé NXT+ is a high mileage three-wheeler giving an Industry Best Fuel Efficiency of upto 50km/KG for the CNG version. The indigenously researched and developed vehicle is equipped with very stylish aesthetic elements which provide it a contemporary and refreshed looks compared to other brand offerings in the industry.

 In addition to its unmatched mileage, it also comes equipped with the Segment First Tubeless Tyres, an attractive front fascia with bezel for headlamps, beige colored dashboard and dual tone seats and a newly designed canopy with transparent windows for enhanced visibility and looks. It also has stylish decals on the sides to add a dash of glamour to the product.

The Apé NXT+ provides Best in class space with the capability to perform on any road conditions. It sports a 3-valve engine, which gives high power and pick up along with smooth drivable experience. The Apé NXT+ is the product of next generation for urban Indian last mile mobility solution and offers substantial acquisition cost benefits along with best in market cost of ownership.

Read now - https://www.punekarnews.in/piaggio-vehicles-launches-ape-nxt-in-pune-gives-mileage-of-50km-per-kg-for-cng-version/

[wetsteve3]

from Mecum Necessity is the mother of all inventions, and that is precisely what we have to thank for the utilitarian three-wheelers like this beautifully restored 1939 Indian Dispatch Tow. The story goes that the local Packard Dealership in Springfield, Massachusetts, wanted a way to transport customers’ cars from their homes back to the garage for service and repairs. The system at that time required two employees and another vehicle to ferry the cars back and forth. The manager approached the brass down the road at Indian Motorcycles, who tapped Chief Engineer Charles Franklin to design a solution. Franklin’s answer was the three-wheeled Dispatch Tow, which debuted in 1931 as a capable yet straightforward vehicle that a single employee could use and then could be towed by a bar and clamp assembly fixed to the front axle.

Initially, the Dispatch Tow was named the ”Service Car” and built off of the popular 101 Scout using either the 37 CI or 45 CI side-valve engine, a hand-shifted 3-speed gearbox and a front leaf-spring fork. The new three-wheeler was an immediate success, not only with dealership clients but with local police departments, utility companies and delivery businesses. Customers could also purchase a chauffeur outfit for an additional $25. Harley-Davidson certainly took note of the new marketplace that Indian had tapped into and released its own three-wheeler, the Servi-Car, in 1932.

In 1934, Indian updated the newly named Dispatch Tow with components from its new 45 CI (750cc) Sport Scout, lowering the compression and substituting lower gearing to better manage the nearly 650-pound trike. A rear axle and differential were designed to run off the chain drive, with a steel box that proved to be an excellent platform for advertising. The towing mechanism was a bar and clamp assembly attached at the front axle that could be secured to the rear bumper of the automobile being transported. This inky black 1939 Indian Dispatch Tow features still sports its original sheet metal, cargo box and tow bar.

[sayalindustries]

Engine Valve in Rajkot - Sayal Industries

Sayal Industries manufactures all types of engine valves like two wheeler engine valve, three wheeler engine valve e.t.c. Our Engine Valve products have the excellent Dimension Control, manufactured at the high end technological plant with latest technology.

[airmanisr]

ANEC II 'G-EBJO' by Alan Wilson Via Flickr: Owned and operated by the Shuttleworth Collection. On display in Hanger 3 at Old Warden, on the day of the 2013 Autumn Airshow. 06-10-2013. The details below are from the Shuttleworth Collection Website:- The Air Navigation and Engineering Co Ltd at Addlestone in Surrey were successors to the war time Bleriiot and Spad Manufacturing Co. In 1923 their Chief designer, Australian W S Shackleton, designed the A.N.E.C. I ultra-light monoplane around the new 1,070cc Bristol Cherub and two of them took part in the Air Ministry single seater Lympne Trials later that year, modified to take the inverted 696cc Blackburne Tomtit V twin which met the 750cc limit for the Daily Mail performance competitions at the Trials. Both A.N.E.Cs performed well but the second, G-EBIL, distinguished itself by achieving 87.5 miles to a gallon of petrol and reaching the tremendous height of 14,400 feet (after 2½ hours!). The Ministry were interested and purchased BIL, which appeared in RAF markings fitted with an 1,100 cc Anzani, but no order resulted and the aircraft returned to the civil register. Encouraged by the 1923 success, Shackleton designed a two seat version for the 1924 Trials, to be powered by an 1,100cc direct drive inverted V twin Anzani. The A.N.E.C. II is of similar configuration to the I and has a fuselage built up from six spruce longerons and three plywood bulkheads, with ply covering for rigidity. The narrow fuselage top decking is concave at the nose, to improve the pilots (it was dual control) visibility over that of its predecessor. The high mounted, parallel chord monoplane wings, with slight dihedral and sweepback, are built on two box section spars, three-ply covered to the rear spar on the underside and the front spar on top. They are bolted to two of the fuselage bulkheads and strut braced to the lower longerons. The front struts are adjustable for incidence. The tail surfaces are built into the fuselage structure and feature a large rudder. This latter was necessary to aid ground steering because the low slung fuselage on its simple bent steel tube undercarriage axle meant the tailskid had to be fitted midway along the curved fuselage to keep the aircraft belly off the ground. Despite a generally favourable official appraisal of the aeroplane, the engine let it down badly, first with a broken valve and then a malfunctioning carburettor, so that it missed the elimination preliminaries and failed to start in the Trials. After the abortive Lympne entry the A.N.E.C. II was certificated, registered G-EBJO and sold to G L P Henderson who fitted a 32hp Bristol Cherub and modified the undercarriage to strut type to improve ground clearance. BJO was then sold to Norman Jones who raced it in various events before selling it in 1929 to Allen Wheeler who flew it extensively before himself selling it in 1931, by which time it was in a sorry state minus engine, undercarriage and instruments, to Jimmy Edmunds at Old Warden for £8.00. Six months later Edmunds had completed a rebuild and BJO was then based at Old Warden until January 1935. After that it passed through three more private owners until the registration was cancelled in 1937. The remains of the aircraft were then stored at Old Warden until a rebuild to the post Lympne configuration was undertaken by Don Cashmore

[currinscars]

Morgan Three Wheeler Aero Supersport 

This Morgan Three Wheeler is a 1934 Aero Supersports modelwith a 1098cc JAP V twin engine with overhead valves and threespeed plus reverse gearbox. 

[marketinformation]

Automotive Piston System Market 2021 Recent Scope, Growing Popularity and Emerging Trends in the Market Forecast 2027

Automotive Piston System Market: Global Size, Trends, Competitive, Historical & Forecast Analysis, 2018-2024 – Increasing sales of vehicles is the driving factor of Automotive Piston System Market.

 Automotive Piston System Market is valued at USD 11,833.17 Million in 2017 and expected to reach USD 16,561.86 Million by 2024 with the CAGR of 4.92% over the forecast period. 

 Get sample Report @ https://brandessenceresearch.com/requestSample/PostId/129

 Key Players for Automotive Piston System Market Reports–

Key players of Automotive Piston System Market are like Rheinmetall AG, Aisin-Seiki Co. Ltd., Mahle GmbH, Federal-Mogul Corporation, Hitachi Ltd., Capricorn Automotive, Day Piston, Celina Aluminum Precision Technology, Cheng Shing Piston, JE Pistons and others.     

                Automotive Piston System is one of the important parts of engine which is used to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft through piston rod. The entire mechanism of piston is used to produce required power to drive the shaft and then the automobile. It consists piston rings which is used to restrict the gas leakage. It is used to reciprocate engines, pumps, gas compressors, pneumatic cylinders and other same mechanisms. It is situated in the cylinder and act as a valve which moves by expanding gas produced from cylinder, which in turn generate required power. It moves in upward and downward motion in the cylinder and transmits the power to the crankshaft.

Get Full Report @ https://brandessenceresearch.com/automotive-transport/automotive-piston-system-market

 Automotive Piston System Market is segmented on the basis of material, type, coating, vehicle type. Based on material the market is divided in to aluminum and steel for light weighted and heavy engines. Based on type Automotive Piston System Market system market is divided in to trunk piston, crosshead piston, slipper piston and deflector piston. In terms of coating the market is segmented in to thermal barrier coating piston, dry film lubricating coating piston and oil shedding coating piston. According to vehicles type the market is divided in to two-wheeler, three-wheeler, four-wheeler and heavy commercial vehicle.

Increasing sales for vehicles is the driving factor of Automotive Piston System Market.

Due to popularity of lighter vehicles there is rise in demand of lighter and efficient Automotive Piston System, which downsizes the automobile engine. Another factor that drives the lighter piston system is environmental concern, as lighter piston contributes to the eco-friendly and fuel-efficient engines. Unlike piston of steel, the light weighted pistons are made from aluminum and silicon, which in turn makes fuel efficient engines.

This is a strong driving factor among major players which helps them to create lighter and cost-efficient vehicles to meet the demands of customer. In addition, rising economy of developing countries, growth in global automotive sector and investment in Automotive Piston System market helps this market to grow positively.

Automotive Piston System Market Segmentation 

By Material

Steel, Aluminum

By Type 

Trunk piston, Crosshead piston, Slipper piston, Deflector piston

By Coating

Thermal barrier coating piston, Dry film lubricating coating piston, Oil shedding coating piston

By vehicles type

Two-wheeler, Three-wheeler, Four-wheeler, Heavy commercial vehicle.

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Best Scooty for Ladies

Scooty has made convenience easy for Ladies. Every feature whether it’s under-seat storage, side stand alarm, lightweight, and design are added according to the needs of women.

There are many scooter options available in the Indian market offering great fuel economy, lower scooty service, and maintenance costs.

These are the Top 10 scooters In India

10.  TVS NTorq 125

TVS NTorq is a Scooter bike manufactured by TVS motors. The power duties are handled by a 124.8cc, 3-valve, single-cylinder engine which delivers a maximum power of 7.5kW @ 7000 rpm. The scooter comes with various first-in-class features like mobile connect and has low bike service and maintenance costs.

Price: TVS NTorq 125 comes with a starting price tag of Rs. 79,575

Features

Sporty split grab bar

Eco-mode indicator

Low bike service cost

0-60kmph in 9.1s

90kmph top speed

Bluetooth connectivity

Front telescopic suspension with hydraulic dampers

Rear coil spring with hydraulic dampers

Front disc and rear drum brake

Engine kill switch

Key Specs

Engine Type: Single-cylinder, 4-stroke, air-cooled

Engine capacity: 124.8cc

Fuel economy: 50 kmpl

Fuel tank capacity: 5.8L

Kerb weight: 118kl

9.  Bajaj Chetak

Bajaj Chetak is an electric scooter available in 2 variants and 6 colors. The company claims that once fully charged the scooter can cover up to 90km in eco mode. Bajaj provides a warranty over the battery for up to 70,000kms. The lithium-ion battery provides a max power of 4kW. Being an electric scooter it has lower bike service and maintenance costs.

PRICE: Bajaj Chetak comes with a premium price tag of Rs. 1,37,243

Features

USB charging point

Combined braking system

Front disc and rear drum brakes

Sheet metal body panels

Bluetooth connectivity

Low bike service cost

Two drive mode; Eco & Sports

Key Specs

Battery type: Lithium-ion

Battery warranty: up to 70000km

Battery charging time: 5hrs

Range: 90km/ full charge in eco mode

8.  Honda Dio

Honda is a leading manufacturer of two-wheelers in India. Honda Dio is a scooter bike that comes equipped with a BS6 compliant 109.51cc, fan-cooled engine which delivers a maximum power of 5.71kW @ 9000 rpm. It also has low bike service and maintenance costs.

Price: The base version comes with a price tag of Rs. 63,273

Features

External fuel lid

BS6 compliant engine

Low bike service cost

Engine start/stop switch

Side stand engine cut-off

Split grab bar

Tubeless tyres

Both front and rear drum brake

Front telescopic suspension

Rear 3-step adjustable, spring-loaded hydraulic suspension

Key Specs

Engine Type: 4-stroke, fan-cooled, SI engine

Engine capacity: 109.5cc

Fuel economy: 50 kmpl

Fuel tank capacity: 5.3L

Kerb weight: 105kg

7.  Piaggio Vespa Notte 125

Piaggio is an Italian two and three-wheeler manufacturer. Piaggio Vespa Notte 125 is an Italian scooter in the Indian market. The scooter is powered by a 124.45cc BS6 engine which delivers a maximum power of 9.92ps @ 7500 rpm. Although the price is competitively high, the scooter offers lower bike service and maintenance costs.

PRICE: Vespa Notte 125 comes with a price tag of Rs. 93,144

Features

Tubed tyres

Automatic transmission

Combined braking system

Low bike service cost

Both front and rear drum brake

Aircraft derived, hydraulic single sidearm front suspension

Rear 5-step adjustable hydraulic suspension

Key Specs

Engine type: single-cylinder, air-cooled, 4-stroke

Engine capacity: 124.45cc

Fuel economy: 45 kmpl

Fuel tank capacity: 7.4L

Kerb weight: 115kg

6. TVS Scooty Pep plus

TVS motors manufacture one of the most lightweight scooters available in the Indian market. TVS Scooty pep weights only 93kg making it more suitable for women. The scooty is equipped with an 87.8cc, single-cylinder, 4-stroke engine which delivers a maximum power of 4kW @ 6000 rpm. It has low bike service and maintenance costs.

Price: TVS Scooty Pep Plus comes with a price tag of Rs. 57,009

Features

Eco thrust engine

Available in 7 colors

Low bike service cost

Front telescopic oil damped suspension

Rear 5-step adjustable hydraulic suspension

Automatic transmission

Both front and rear drum brake

Key Specs

Engine Type: 4-stroke, air-cooled, single-cylinder with ETFI technology

Engine capacity: 87.8cc

Fuel economy: 65 kmpl

Fuel tank capacity: 4.2L

Kerb weight: 93kl

5.  Hero Maestro

Hero is one of the leading manufacturers of two-wheelers in the Indian market. Hero Maestro is equipped with a 124.6cc, air-cooled engine which delivers a maximum power of 6.7kW @ 7000 rpm.The scooter has lower bike service and maintenance costs.

Price: Hero Maestro comes with a starting price tag of Rs. 71,850

Features

Mobile charging point

Boot light

Bike service reminder

Always headlamp on

Low bike service cost

Front disc and rear drum brakes

Front telescopic hydraulic shock absorber

Rear spring-loaded hydraulic damper

Key Specs

Engine Type: Air-cooled, 4-stroke, SI  

Engine capacity: 124.6cc

Fuel economy: 60 kmpl

Fuel tank capacity: 5L

Kerb weight: 112kg

4.  Suzuki Access 125

Suzuki Access 125 is a prominent scooter bike in the Indian market mainly due to its fuel economy. The scooter is equipped with a BS6 compliant 124cc, 4-valve engine which produces max power of 8.7ps @ 6750 rpm. It offers a great fuel economy and lower bike service and maintenance costs.

Price: Suzuki Access 125 comes with a starting price tag of Rs. 72,600

Features

Combined braking system

External fuel lid

BS6 compliant engine

Low bike service cost

Front drum/disc and rear drum brakes

Tubeless tyre

Front telescopic suspension

Rear swing arm suspension

Key Specs

Engine Type: 4-stroke, single-cylinder, air-cooled

Engine capacity: 124cc

Fuel economy: 64 kmpl

Fuel tank capacity: 5L

Kerb weight: 103kg

3. Yamaha Fascino 125 Fi

Yamaha is a sports two-wheeler manufacturer. Yamaha Fascino 125 Fi is a scooter bike available with a 125cc air-cooled engine that delivers a maximum power of 6kW @ 6500 rpm. The scooter comes equipped with various features such as side stand engine cut-off, multi-function key switch, and low bike service and maintenance costs.

Price: Yamaha Fascino 125 Fi comes with a price tag of Rs. 74,530

Features

Side stand engine cut-off

Concave lens headlight

Low bike service cost

Metal fender

Multi-function key switch

Front telescopic suspension

Rear Unit swing suspension

Tubeless tyres

Front disc/drum and rear drum brakes

Key Specs

Engine Type: Air-cooled, 4-stroke, SOHC

Engine capacity: 125cc

Fuel economy: 65 kmpl

Fuel tank capacity: 5.2L

Kerb weight: 99kg

2. Honda Activa 6G

Honda Activa is one of the most selling scooter bikes in India. Honda Activa 6G is equipped with a 109.2cc single-cylinder, fan-cooled engine which delivers a maximum power of 7.79ps @ 7500 rpm. It has low bike service and maintenance costs.

Price: Honda Activa 6G comes with a starting price of Rs. 69,962

Features

BS6 compliant engine

Available in 4 variants

Both front and rear drum brake

Combined braking system

Low bike service cost

External fuel lid

Engine start/stop switch

Tubeless tyres

Front telescopic suspension

Rear 3-step adjustable spring loaded hydraulic suspension

Key Specs

Engine Type: single-cylinder, fan-cooled, 2-valve

Engine capacity: 109.51cc

Fuel economy: 55 kmpl

Fuel tank capacity: 5.3L

Kerb weight: 107kg

1.TVS Jupiter

TVS Jupiter is a scooter bike having a perfect combination of power, performance, and fuel economy. The scooter is equipped with a BS6 compliant, single-cylinder 110cc engine which provides the scooter a maximum power of 7.47ps @ 7000 rpm. The scooter has various features and has low bike service and maintenance costs.

Price: TVS Jupiter comes with a starting price tag of Rs. 64,437

Features

BS6 compliant engine

Both front and rear drum brakes

Available in 5 variants

Low bike service cost

Synchronized braking system

Telescopic front suspension

3-step adjustable coil type rear suspension with hydraulic dampers

Tubeless tyres

Key Specs

Engine Type: Single-cylinder, 4-stroke, CVTi

Engine capacity: 109.7cc

Fuel economy: 60 kmpl

Fuel tank capacity: 6L

Kerb weight: 107kg

Final Words

These are the top 10 scooty for ladies in India. They all have one or the other feature such as fuel economy, low maintenance and bike service cost, under seat storage and many more which makes them the top 10 two-wheeler for ladies in India

TVS Jupiter

Honda Activa 6G

Yamaha Fascino 125 Fi

Suzuki Access 125

Hero Maestro

TVS Scooty Pep plus

Piaggio Vespa Notte 125

Honda Dio

Bajaj Chetak

TVS NTorq 125

Get up to 100% off on your bike service.

Book Now

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BLW Engine Valves

BLW’s Two and Three wheeler Engine Valves are manufactured under strict quality control norms laid down by ISO 9001-2015 TUV Rheinland, following the required tolerance specification tests before dispatching to the market. They undergo compulsory grain flow detection by Micro Etch examination, crack-detection, and Micro-Structure tests to ensure the highest quality of our products. We also coat each valves with suitable anti-corrosive oil and wrap it in anti-rust paper to prolong its life. The company places the highest emphasis on ensuring the quality of its products, and BLW valves have a quality assurance plan in accordance with TS certification.