#Subsea Networks

[readyforevolution]

🌍 1) Largest country in Africa by land mass - Algeria 🇩🇿

2) Largest country in Africa by population - Nigeria 🇳🇬

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7) largest single solar power plant in Africa - Morocco 🇲🇦

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[tubetrading]

The Role of MSERW Pipe in the Oil and Gas Industry: Applications and Challenges

Introduction

In the oil and gas industry, the transportation of fluids and gases over long distances is crucial.  To ensure the safe and efficient movement of these resources, various types of pipes are utilized.  One such pipe that plays a vital role in the industry is the MSERW pipe.  In this blog, we will explore the applications and challenges associated with MSERW pipes and highlight the importance of finding a reliable MSERW pipe distributor, dealer, supplier, and provider in Gujarat.

Understanding MSERW Pipe

MSERW stands for Mild Steel Electric Resistance Welded.  MSERW pipes are constructed using low-carbon steel, which is known for its strength, durability, and resistance to corrosion.  These pipes are manufactured by forming flat steel plates into cylindrical shapes and then welding the edges together using electric resistance welding techniques. 

Applications of MSERW Pipe in the Oil and Gas Industry

Transporting Oil and Gas:

MSERW pipes are extensively used for the transportation of oil and gas products.  These pipes provide a cost-effective solution for delivering crude oil, natural gas, and refined petroleum products from extraction sites to refineries, storage facilities, and distribution networks.  Their ability to withstand high pressure and temperature variations makes them an ideal choice for long-distance oil and gas pipelines. 

Offshore Drilling Operations

The oil and gas industry heavily relies on offshore drilling for exploration and production activities.  MSERW pipes are commonly employed in the construction of subsea pipelines and risers. These pipes offer excellent structural integrity and are resistant to harsh environmental conditions, making them suitable for deepwater drilling applications. 

Oil and Gas Processing Plants

Within oil and gas processing plants, MSERW pipes are utilized for various purposes.  They are often used in the construction of storage tanks, separators, heat exchangers, and other equipment required for the processing and refining of crude oil and natural gas.  MSERW pipes' versatility and reliability ensure the smooth operation of these critical facilities. 

Challenges Associated with MSERW Pipe

While MSERW pipes have numerous advantages, they also face some challenges in the oil and gas industry.  It is essential to be aware of these challenges and take appropriate measures to mitigate them: 

Corrosion and Erosion

One of the primary concerns with MSERW pipes is their susceptibility to corrosion and erosion. Exposure to corrosive substances and abrasive particles in the oil and gas flow can lead to degradation of the pipe's surface, reducing its lifespan.  Regular inspections, protective coatings, and cathodic protection systems are implemented to minimize the impact of corrosion and erosion. 

Weld Quality and Integrity

The integrity of the welded joints in MSERW pipes is crucial for their performance.  Weld defects such as porosity, cracks, and lack of fusion can compromise the strength and reliability of the pipe.  Quality control measures during manufacturing and rigorous inspection procedures help ensure that welds meet industry standards and specifications. 

Finding a Reliable MSERW Pipe Distributor in Gujarat

To address the growing demand for MSERW pipes in Gujarat's oil and gas industry, it is essential to collaborate with a trustworthy MSERW pipe distributor, dealer, supplier, and provider.  The following factors should be considered while choosing the right partner: 

Quality Assurance:  Look for a distributor that sources MSERW pipes from reputable manufacturers who adhere to stringent quality control procedures and industry standards. 

Product Range:  Ensure that the distributor offers a wide range of MSERW pipe sizes, grades, and specifications to cater to various project requirements. 

Timely Delivery:  Reliability in terms of on-time delivery is crucial to avoid project delays.  Choose a distributor with a track record of timely and efficient order fulfillment

[suntelecomcn]

In-Depth Understanding of Fiber Optic Sensing Network

Fiber optic sensing network is a tendency for many applications. It supports a large number of sensors in a single optical fiber with high-speed, high security, and low attenuation. This article provides some information about fiber optic sensing networks.

What is Fiber Optic Sensing Network?

A fiber optic sensing network detects changes in temperature, strain, vibrations, and sound by using the physical properties of light as it travels along an optical fiber. The optical fiber itself is the sensor, resulting in thousands of continuous sensor points along the fiber length.

How Does Fiber Optic Sensing Network work?

A fiber optic sensing network works by measuring changes in the backscattered light inside of the fiber when it meets temperature, strain, and vibration.

Rayleigh scattering is produced by fluctuations in the density inside of the fiber. Raman scattering is produced by the interaction with molecular vibration inside the fiber. The intensity of anti-Stokes rays is mainly dependent on temperature. Brillouin scattering is caused by the interaction with sound waves inside the medium. The frequency is dependent on strain and temperature.

Operating Principle of Fiber Optic Sensing Network

Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR)

In the OTDR principle, a laser pulse is generated from solid-state or semiconductor lasers and is sent into the fiber. The backscattered light is analyzed for temperature monitoring. From the time it takes the backscattered light to return to the detection unit, it is possible to locate the location of the temperature event.

Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR)

The OFDR principle provides information about the local characteristics of temperature. This information is only available when the signal is backscattered in the function of frequency. It allows for efficient use of available bandwidth and enables distributed sensing with a maximum updated rate in the fiber.

Fiber Optic Sensing Network Technologies

Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS): DTS uses the Raman effect to measure temperature distribution over the length of a fiber optic cable using the fiber itself as the sensing element.

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS): DAS uses Rayleigh scattering in the optical fiber to detect acoustic vibration.

Distributed Strain Sensing (DSS): DSS provides spatially resolved elongation (strain) shapes along an optical fiber by combining multiple sensing cables at different positions in the asset cross-section.

Distributed Strain and Temperature Sensing (DSTS): DSTS uses Brillouin scattering in optical fibers to measure changes in temperature and strain along the length of an optical fiber.

Electricity DTS: Reliable temperature measurement of high-voltage transmission lines is essential to help meet the rising electricity demand. Fiber optic sensing, integrated into distributed temperature sensors on power lines, help ensure optimal safety and performance in both medium- and long-distance systems.

Oil and Gas DTS : Many lands and subsea oil operations rely heavily on DTS for improved safety and functionality in harsh environments. Fiber optic sensing ensures reliable performance and durability in high-temperature, high-pressure, and hydrogen-rich environments.

Oil and Gas DAS: The optical fiber in DAS creates a long sensor element that can detect high-resolution events throughout the entire length of the fiber.

Fiber Optic Navigation Sensing: Fiber optics are used in navigation systems to provide accurate information about location and direction. Aircraft, missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and ground vehicles require advanced optical fiber navigation technology to ensure reliability and safety.

Fiber Optic Shape Sensing Technology: Reconstructs and displays the entire shape of optical fiber in 2D and 3D. The technology enables cutting-edge applications such as robotic, minimally invasive surgery, energy, virtual Reality (VR), etc.

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) Technology: Use of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) with different reflection wavelengths (Bragg wavelengths) in one optical fiber.

Applications

A fiber optic sensing network is used to monitor pipelines, bridges, tunnels, roadways, and railways. Also, it is used in oil & gas, power and utility, safety and security, fire detection, industrial, civil engineering, transportation, military, smart city, minimally invasive surgery, internet of thing (IoT), etc.

Conclusion

A fiber optic sensing network has high bandwidth, security, and stability,  is immune to electromagnetic interference, and is lightweight, small in size, and easy to deploy. Sun Telecom specializes in providing one-stop total fiber optic solutions for all fiber optic application industries worldwide. Contact us if any needs.

[mariacallous]

Greece and Bulgaria have started commercially operating a long-delayed gas pipeline, which will help decrease southeast Europe's dependence on Russian gas and boost energy security.

The 182-kilometre pipeline will provide a relief to Bulgaria, which has been struggling to secure gas supplies at affordable prices since the end of April, when Russia's Gazprom cut off deliveries over Sofia's refusal to pay in roubles.

Russia has decreased its gas deliveries to Europe after the West imposed sanctions on Moscow over its invasion of Ukraine, leaving European Union countries scrambling to secure alternative supplies amid surging prices.

The European Commission president welcomed the pipeline's launch on Saturday, which she said was key to breaking away from Russian energy.

"This pipeline is a game changer. It's a game changer for Bulgaria and for Europe's energy security. And it means freedom. It means freedom from dependency on Russian gas," Ursula von der Leyen said during an inauguration ceremony in Sofia attended by the leaders of Bulgaria, Greece, Azerbaijan, Romania, Serbia and North Macedonia.

"Both here in Bulgaria and across Europe people are feeling the consequences of Russia's war. But thanks to projects like this, Europe will have enough gas for the winter," she said.

The Interconnector Greece-Bulgaria (IGB) pipeline will transport 1 billion cubic metres (bcm) of Azeri gas to Bulgaria.

With an initial capacity of 3 bcm per year and plans to later raise this to 5 bcm, the pipeline could provide non-Russian gas to neighbouring Serbia, North Macedonia, Romania and further to Moldova and Ukraine.

It will carry gas from the northern Greek city of Komotini to Stara Zagora in Bulgaria. IGB is linked to another pipeline, part of Southern Gas Corridor that carries Azeri gas to Europe.

On Friday, gas operators in Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and Slovakia proposed to transport increased Azeri shipments through their networks to central Europe. 

The €240 million pipeline is controlled by a joint venture between Bulgarian state energy company BEH, Greek gas utility DEPA and Italy's Edison.

Baltic Pipe gas pipeline opens

Gas started flowing to Poland through the new Baltic Pipe pipeline from Norway via Denmark and the Baltic Sea on Saturday morning, Polish gas pipeline operator Gaz-System said.

The pipeline is at the centre of Poland's strategy to diversify its gas supplies away from Russia that began years before Moscow's February invasion of Ukraine triggered a global energy crisis.

A Gaz-System spokeswoman told Reuters that flows started at 06.10 CET and nominations, or requests for sending gas through the pipeline on October 1, totalled 62.4 million kilowatt-hours (kwh).

The pipeline, with an annual capacity of 10 billion cubic meters, was officially inaugurated on Tuesday, a day after leaks were detected in the subsea Nord Stream gas pipelines linking Russia to Europe.

Russia cut gas supplies to Poland in April when it refused to pay in roubles.

Denmark and Sweden said on Friday that leaks in the Nord Stream pipelines were caused by "at least two detonations" with "several hundred kilos" of explosives.

EU leaders warned that leaks discovered on the two natural gas pipelines earlier in the week could be "sabotage".

While the pipelines connecting Russia to Germany still contained some natural gas, the EU said the leaks hadn't affected the bloc's gas supply.

[jcnnewswire]

Subsea Communications Leaders Come Together For The Annual Global Coverage Gathering At Submarine Networks World In Singapore

http://dlvr.it/TDBd3s

[freturetechno]

Manifolds: A Key Component in Industrial Applications

A manifold is a crucial device in fluid control systems that connects multiple flow paths into a single unit, optimizing the distribution, control, and monitoring of fluids in a system. Used across industries such as oil and gas, pharmaceuticals, chemical processing, and HVAC systems, manifolds simplify complex piping networks, enhancing efficiency and safety. By consolidating control points, manifolds allow operators to regulate the flow of liquids or gases, making them vital in operations where precision, reliability, and ease of use are paramount.

In this article, we’ll explore the different types of manifolds, their industrial applications, and why choosing the right manifold manufacturer is crucial to ensuring reliable and efficient performance.

Types of Manifolds

Manifolds come in various designs and configurations to meet the diverse needs of industrial applications. Below are some of the most common types:

Instrument Manifolds: These are widely used in instrumentation systems, typically found in pressure measurement devices, to control and isolate the pressure for maintenance or calibration purposes. Instrument manifolds often have multiple valves integrated into a single block, making them compact and efficient.

Hydraulic Manifolds: Hydraulic manifolds are designed to distribute hydraulic fluid to various actuators within a system. These manifolds are essential in construction machinery, automotive systems, and heavy industrial equipment, where hydraulic power is used for lifting, pressing, or moving heavy loads.

Gas Distribution Manifolds: Gas manifolds regulate the distribution of gases in industries such as medical, chemical processing, and food and beverage production. These manifolds help manage multiple gas streams, ensuring controlled flow and safety.

Oil and Gas Manifolds: In the oil and gas industry, manifolds are used to control the flow of crude oil or natural gas from wells into pipelines. They also play a critical role in subsea production systems, allowing the safe and controlled extraction of resources.

Each of these manifolds is tailored to specific operational requirements, and selecting the right one depends on the application, pressure requirements, and environmental conditions.

Key Features of Manifolds

Manifolds are designed to offer precise control over fluid flow, with various features that make them highly efficient in industrial systems:

Compact Design: By integrating multiple flow paths and valves into a single unit, manifolds reduce the amount of piping required in a system. This compact design not only saves space but also simplifies the installation and maintenance process.

Enhanced Safety: Manifolds provide better control over fluid or gas flow, reducing the risk of leaks, pressure build-up, and system failures. Many manifolds include built-in safety features, such as pressure relief valves, to ensure safe operation under high-pressure conditions.

Ease of Maintenance: With manifolds, operators can isolate specific sections of a system for maintenance without shutting down the entire system. This feature is particularly beneficial in industries where downtime can be costly or dangerous.

Customizability: Manifolds can be customized to meet the specific needs of different industries. Whether it’s the number of valves, the material of construction, or the type of connection, manifolds can be tailored to fit unique operational requirements.

Material Versatility: Manifolds are available in a variety of materials, including stainless steel, brass, and carbon steel, to suit different environments and fluid types. For industries like pharmaceuticals or food processing, where hygiene is critical, stainless steel manifolds are commonly used for their corrosion resistance and ease of cleaning.

Industrial Applications of Manifolds

Manifolds are indispensable in various industries, where their ability to regulate fluid flow helps optimize processes and improve system performance.

Oil and Gas Industry: Manifolds play a pivotal role in controlling the flow of oil and gas in both onshore and offshore production systems. They are essential in well testing, subsea production, and pressure regulation, ensuring that fluids are safely and efficiently managed.

Chemical Processing: In the chemical industry, where precise control of multiple fluids is required, manifolds simplify the flow control process. They are often used to manage corrosive or hazardous materials, where safety and precision are paramount.

Pharmaceuticals: Manifolds are widely used in pharmaceutical manufacturing to distribute purified water, steam, or other fluids in production lines. Their clean design and material compatibility ensure that they meet stringent regulatory requirements.

HVAC Systems: In heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, manifolds are used to distribute water or air through different zones of a building. They provide energy-efficient control, helping maintain optimal temperatures and reducing energy consumption.

Food and Beverage Industry: Manifolds are used to manage the flow of liquids and gases in food production processes, where hygiene and precision are critical. Stainless steel manifolds are commonly used to ensure compliance with food safety regulations.

Water Treatment: In water treatment plants, manifolds help distribute water through different filtration and purification stages. Their ability to handle high pressures and corrosive fluids makes them ideal for this application.

Why Choosing the Right Manifold Manufacturer Matters

Choosing the right manifold manufacturer is crucial to ensuring the reliability, safety, and efficiency of your system. A well-designed manifold can significantly improve the performance of an industrial system by reducing pressure losses, minimizing leaks, and providing precise control over fluid flow. On the other hand, poorly manufactured manifolds can lead to operational inefficiencies, safety risks, and costly maintenance.

When selecting a manifold manufacturer, it’s important to consider the following factors:

Experience and Expertise: Look for manufacturers with a proven track record of delivering high-quality manifolds to industries similar to yours. Experience in designing and manufacturing manifolds for specific applications ensures that the manufacturer understands the unique challenges and requirements of your industry.

Material Quality: The material used in manufacturing manifolds is critical to their performance and longevity. A reputable manufacturer will use high-quality materials that meet industry standards for corrosion resistance, strength, and durability.

Customization Options: Every industry has unique requirements, and the ability to customize manifolds to meet those needs is essential. Whether it’s the number of valves, material selection, or pressure ratings, a good manufacturer will offer flexible solutions tailored to your specifications.

Certifications and Compliance: Ensure that the manifold manufacturer complies with relevant industry certifications and standards. This is particularly important in industries like pharmaceuticals and food processing, where safety and hygiene are critical.

Customer Support and After-Sales Service: A reliable manufacturer will provide ongoing support and after-sales service to ensure that the manifold continues to perform optimally throughout its lifespan.

Buy Manifolds from Freture Techno Pvt. Ltd.

If you are looking for high-quality manifolds, Freture Techno Pvt. Ltd. is a trusted name among manifold manufacturers in Mumbai, India. We specialize in designing and manufacturing a wide range of manifolds tailored to meet the needs of industries such as oil and gas, pharmaceuticals, chemical processing, and more. Our manifolds are built to the highest standards, ensuring reliable performance, durability, and safety in even the most demanding applications. With our expertise and commitment to quality, you can trust Freture Techno Pvt. Ltd. to deliver the manifold solutions you need for your industrial operations.

[lalyakhalid00]

Global Innovators in Subsea Technologies are at the forefront of advancing underwater exploration and infrastructure. These innovators develop cutting-edge solutions for deep-sea challenges, including subsea robotics, pipeline systems, and communication networks. Their contributions are vital to industries such as oil and gas, renewable energy, and scientific research, enabling safe and efficient operations in some of the Earth’s most challenging environments.

[darkmaga-retard]

We're going to need more copper.

John Ellis

Aug 27, 2024

1. ExxonMobil has said global oil demand will remain virtually unchanged by 2050 and warned that any move to curtail investment in fossil fuels would trigger a new energy price shock. In a forecast released on Monday, the US supermajor said oil demand would stay above 100 million barrels a day (b/d) over the next 25 years — a forecast that assumes an energy transition will fail to curb the world’s thirst for fossil fuels. Exxon warned of a new global oil shock if companies failed to keep investing to match that demand, saying crude prices could quadruple as supply fell. Exxon’s prediction contrasts sharply with UK oil major BP, which expects oil consumption to decline to 75 million b/d in 2050. The International Energy Agency projects oil demand would fall to 54.8 million b/d if governments met their climate pledges on time. (Source: ft.com)

2. The battle cry of energy transition advocates is “Electrify everything.” Meaning: Let’s power cars, heating systems, industrial plants, and every other type of machine with electricity rather than fossil fuels. To do that, we need copper—and lots of it. Second to silver, a rarer and far more expensive metal, copper is the best natural electrical conductor on Earth. We need it for solar panels, wind turbines, and electric vehicles. (A typical EV contains as much as 175 pounds of copper.) We need it for the giant batteries that will provide power when the sun isn’t shining and the wind isn’t blowing. We need it to massively expand and upgrade the countless miles of power cables that undergird the energy grid in practically every country. In the United States, the capacity of the electric grid will have to grow as much as threefold to meet the expected demand. A recent report from S&P Global predicts that the amount of copper we’ll need over the next 25 years will add up to more than the human race has consumed in its entire history. “The world has never produced anywhere close to this much copper in such a short time frame,” the report notes. The world might not be up to the challenge. Analysts predict supplies will fall short by millions of tons in the coming years. No wonder Goldman Sachs has declared “no decarbonization without copper” and called copper “the new oil.” (Source: wired.com, italics mine)

3. An experiment conducted by researchers from Leibniz University Hannover in Germany show how quantum information and the classic 1s and 0s of conventional data could be beamed down the same optical fiber. Potentially, that means an internet that's almost hack-proof – and the possibility of using existing infrastructure to connect multiple quantum computers in networks that might one day provide a unique means of processing power that could solve otherwise insurmountable computing tasks. Quantum communication requires closely-related waves of light to be sent in isolation to protect their delicately entangled relationship, which means they need to be transmitted separately to conventional data-carrying light waves. That makes it tricky to send everything down the same pipe. "To make the quantum internet a reality, we need to transmit entangled photons via fiber optic networks," says physicist Michael Kues, from Leibniz University Hannover. "We also want to continue using optical fibers for conventional data transmission. Our research is an important step to combine the conventional internet with the quantum internet." (Sources: sciencealert.com, uni-hannover.de)

4. CSIS on subsea fiber-optic cables:

[b2b-services]

Most of our DCs are currently concentrated in major metros like Mumbai, Delhi NCR, Bangalore & Chennai. Cities like Mumbai and Chennai have been traditional choices since most subsea cables have their landing stations in these cities. However, Delhi NCR has recently picked up the pace, keeping in mind the constant rise in demand for colocation services.

While the current batch of DCs have a considerable footprint (both in size and power) as they cater to hyperscaler requirements that need that kind of size, the future will see a healthy mix of edge data centers. In our view, there are two distinct reasons for this proliferation.

First, edge data centers will be an essential step toward the path of digital transformation in the rural sector along with Tier 2 &3 towns. These edge DCs will provide the necessary infrastructure to expedite many of the Government of India's technology initiatives. Edge-based applications that support financial inclusion and literacy are just some of the use cases that can be created as a direct outcome of setting up these sites. It will also allow the local professionally skilled workforce to participate in this transformation.

Second, when we speak about emerging technologies, one cannot have a conversation without mentioning 5G, IoT, and AR/VR, amongst other things. The need for ultra-low latency, high bandwidth, and computing resources near the perimeter binds all of them. While technologies like AR/VR have existed for a couple of years, adoption at scale would need edge DCs.

Speaking about AR/VR, the most important use case is in the form of the Metaverse. While there is a lot of confusion (we are still trying to make meaning of it) about what Metaverse is, we are confident of 3 key things which will make it a "reality":

A source of processing power to support massive computing functions.

The software behind these virtual platforms.

The network supports the above two.

Essentially, the Metaverse will require constant, instantaneous, high bandwidth data transfers that are not possible without edge computing. High-capacity IT infrastructure would be necessary to support the idea of the Metaverse, making edge data centers more crucial than ever.

Our view is that while the hyperscalers will continue to dominate the big metros, they will be a balance in the form of edge data centers spread across the nation, making it a more stable platform for nationwide digital growth. know more...

[influencermagazineuk]

World's Fastest Data: A New Era of Speed and Efficiency

In February, deep within a warehouse at CERN, home of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) – the world’s largest scientific experiment – two network engineers eagerly pressed a button. Instantly, text flashed on a screen before them, confirming success. “There was high-fiving involved,” recalls Joachim Opdenakker of SURF, a Dutch IT association serving educational and research institutions. “It was super-cool to see.” Opdenakker and his colleague Edwin Verheul had established a new data link between the LHC in Switzerland and data storage sites in the Netherlands, achieving speeds of 800 gigabits per second (Gbps) – over 11,000 times the average UK home broadband speed. This link is designed to enhance scientists’ access to LHC experiment results. A subsequent test in March, using specialized equipment from Nokia, confirmed the desired speeds were attainable. “This transponder that Nokia uses, it’s like a celebrity,” says Verheul, noting the high demand for the equipment. “We had limited time to do tests. If you have to postpone a week, then the transponder is gone.” While this bandwidth approaches one terabit per second, it is not the fastest; some subsea cables, using multiple fiber strands, achieve speeds several hundred times greater. In laboratories worldwide, networking experts are developing fiber optic systems capable of transmitting data at astonishing speeds, reaching many petabits per second (Pbps), which is 300 million times faster than the average UK home broadband connection. The potential applications for such immense bandwidth are still being explored, but engineers are focused on pushing these limits even further. The duplex cable from CERN to data centers in the Netherlands spans nearly 1,650 kilometers (1,025 miles), traveling from Geneva to Paris, Brussels, and Amsterdam. Achieving 800 Gbps over this distance involves overcoming the challenge of maintaining the power levels of light pulses, which requires amplification at various points along the route, as explained by Joachim Opdenakker. Every collision of subatomic particles at the LHC generates about one petabyte of data per second, enough to fill 220,000 DVDs. While this data is condensed for storage and analysis, significant bandwidth is still necessary. With an upgrade expected by 2029, the LHC anticipates producing even more data. “The upgrade increases the number of collisions by at least a factor of five,” says James Watt, senior vice president and general manager of optical networks at Nokia. The current speed of 800 Gbps may soon seem slow. In November, researchers in Japan set a new world record for data transmission, achieving an astounding 22.9 Pbps. This bandwidth could provide every person on Earth, and then some, with a Netflix stream, according to Chigo Okonkwo of Eindhoven University of Technology, who was involved in the research. This experiment involved sending a vast stream of pseudorandom data over 13 kilometers of coiled fiber optic cable in a lab. Dr. Okonkwo explains that the integrity of the data is analyzed after transfer to ensure it was transmitted quickly without accumulating excessive errors. The system used multiple cores—19 in total—inside a single fiber cable, a new type of cable unlike the standard ones connecting many homes to the internet. But replacing older fiber optic cables is costly and challenging. Extending their lifespan is beneficial, according to Wladek Forysiak of Aston University in the UK. Recently, he and his team achieved speeds of approximately 402 terabits per second (Tbps) over a 50km optical fiber with a single core. This speed is about 5.7 million times faster than the average UK home broadband connection. “I think it’s a world best; we don’t know of any results that are better than that,” says Prof. Forysiak. Their technique involves using more wavelengths of light than usual for data transmission. This method relies on alternative forms of electronic equipment to send and receive signals over fiber optic cables, potentially making it easier to implement than replacing thousands of kilometers of cable. Martin Creaner, director general of the World Broadband Association, suggests that activities in the so-called metaverse might one day require such extreme bandwidth. His organization predicts that home broadband connections could reach up to 50 Gbps by 2030. However, reliability may be even more crucial than speed for certain applications. “For remote robotic surgery across 3,000 miles, you absolutely do not want any scenario where the network goes down,” Creaner emphasizes. Dr. Okonkwo points out that training AI will increasingly necessitate moving large datasets quickly, arguing that faster data transfer will be advantageous. Ian Phillips, who collaborates with Prof. Forysiak, adds that once bandwidth becomes available, humanity finds ways to utilize it: “Humanity finds a way of consuming it. Although data speeds of multiple petabits per second far exceed current web user needs, Lane Burdette, a research analyst at TeleGeography, notes the rapid growth in bandwidth demand. This demand is increasing at about 30% per year on transatlantic fiber optic cables. She highlights that content provision—such as social media, cloud services, and video streaming—now consumes much more bandwidth. “It used to be around 15% of international bandwidth in the early 2010s. Now it’s up to 75%. It’s absolutely massive,” she says. In the UK, significant improvements in internet speeds are still needed, as many people lack access to sufficiently fast broadband at home. According to Andrew Kernahan, head of public affairs at the Internet Service Providers Association, most home users can now access gigabit-per-second speeds. However, only about a third of broadband customers are opting for such technology. He points out that there isn't currently a "killer app" that necessitates such high speeds, though this might change as more TV is consumed via the internet. “There’s definitely a challenge to get the message out there and make people more aware of what they can do with the infrastructure,” Kernahan says. Read the full article

[javiersalcidousa]

Subsea Technology Innovations_ Improving Efficiency in Offshore Operations with Javier Daniel Salcido

Javier Daniel Salcido Odessa Texas

Subsea Technology Innovations: Improving Efficiency in Offshore Operations with Javier Daniel Salcido

In the dynamic and demanding realm of oilfield operations, technological advancements play a pivotal role in enhancing efficiency, safety, and productivity. Subsea technology innovations have emerged as a cornerstone of offshore operations, revolutionizing the way oil and gas resources are extracted from beneath the ocean floor. This blog explores the latest advancements in subsea technology and their profound impact on improving efficiency in offshore operations.

Remote Monitoring and Control Systems

Remote monitoring and control systems have revolutionized offshore operations by enabling real-time monitoring and control of subsea equipment and processes from onshore locations. These systems utilize advanced sensors, communication networks, and data analytics to provide operators with instant access to critical information about subsea assets, such as wellheads, pipelines, and production facilities. By remotely monitoring equipment performance, detecting potential issues, and making informed decisions in real time, operators can optimize production efficiency, minimize downtime, and enhance safety in offshore environments.

Furthermore, remote control systems allow operators to adjust equipment settings and respond to changing conditions without the need for costly and time-consuming manual interventions. This capability not only improves operational flexibility but also reduces the exposure of personnel to hazardous working conditions offshore. By leveraging remote monitoring and control systems with the help of industry professionals like Javier Daniel Salcido, oil and gas companies can streamline their operations, increase asset reliability, and achieve higher levels of operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

Subsea Robotics and Autonomous Vehicles

Subsea robotics and autonomous vehicles have emerged as indispensable tools for conducting a wide range of tasks in the challenging and remote environments of the offshore oilfields. These robotic systems, equipped with cameras, sensors, and manipulators, can perform complex tasks such as inspection, maintenance, and repair of subsea infrastructure with precision and efficiency. By deploying robotic systems as highlighted by oilfield professionals including Javier Daniel Salcido, operators can reduce the need for human intervention in hazardous and high-pressure environments, improving safety and productivity.

Moreover, advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning enable autonomous vehicles to learn and adapt to their surroundings, making them increasingly capable of performing tasks without direct human oversight. This capability not only enhances operational efficiency but also reduces operational costs by minimizing the need for manned intervention and downtime. As the technology continues to evolve, subsea robotics and autonomous vehicles are poised to play an even greater role in transforming offshore operations, enabling operators to access deeper and more challenging reserves with greater efficiency and reliability.

Subsea Production Systems

Subsea production systems represent a significant advancement in offshore oilfield operations, allowing for the extraction and processing of hydrocarbons directly from the seabed. These systems consist of a network of equipment, including wellheads, manifolds, flowlines, and control modules, designed to facilitate the production of oil and gas in deepwater environments. Industry professionals such as Javier Daniel Salcido mention that by locating production equipment on the seabed, operators can minimize the need for surface installations, reducing costs and environmental footprint while maximizing production efficiency.

Subsea production systems utilize advanced technologies such as multiphase pumps, subsea processing units, and intelligent control systems to optimize production rates and enhance recovery factors. By processing fluids at the seabed, operators can separate oil, gas, and water streams, allowing for more efficient production and transportation to surface facilities. Additionally, subsea production systems offer greater flexibility and scalability, enabling operators to develop and expand offshore fields cost-effectively while maintaining operational efficiency.

Enhanced Subsea Imaging and Surveying Techniques

Subsea imaging and surveying techniques have undergone significant advancements, enabling operators to obtain detailed insights into subsea environments and infrastructure. High-resolution imaging technologies, such as multibeam sonar and 3D laser scanning, provide operators with accurate and detailed representations of subsea structures, pipelines, and seabed topography. These imaging techniques are invaluable for asset inspection, integrity assessment, and environmental monitoring in offshore operations.

Furthermore, advancements in underwater robotics and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) have enhanced the capabilities of subsea imaging and surveying, allowing for greater flexibility and maneuverability in challenging underwater environments. By leveraging these technologies as conveyed by oilfield professionals like Javier Daniel Salcido, operators can identify potential risks, detect anomalies, and make informed decisions to optimize asset performance and mitigate operational hazards. Enhanced subsea imaging and surveying techniques contribute to improved decision-making, reduced downtime, and enhanced safety in offshore operations.

Integration of Digitalization and Data Analytics

The integration of digitalization and data analytics has emerged as a game-changer in optimizing offshore operations and maximizing asset performance. By harnessing the power of big data and artificial intelligence, operators can analyze vast amounts of operational data in real time to identify trends, patterns, and anomalies. This data-driven approach enables operators to optimize production processes, predict equipment failures, and optimize maintenance schedules, leading to improved efficiency and reliability.

Moreover, digitalization facilitates remote monitoring and predictive maintenance of subsea assets, allowing operators to proactively identify and address issues before they escalate into costly failures. By leveraging advanced analytics and machine learning algorithms as underscored by industry professionals such as Javier Daniel Salcido, operators can optimize production rates, reduce downtime, and maximize asset lifespan. The integration of digitalization and data analytics enables operators to unlock new insights, streamline operations, and drive continuous improvement in offshore oilfield operations.

Driving Efficiency and Innovation in Offshore Operations

Subsea technology innovations have revolutionized offshore oilfield operations, driving efficiency, safety, and productivity to new heights. Remote monitoring and control systems, subsea robotics, production systems, enhanced imaging and surveying techniques, and digitalization are just a few examples of the advancements transforming the offshore landscape.

By leveraging these technologies, operators can optimize production rates, minimize downtime, and enhance safety in challenging offshore environments. As the industry continues to innovate and evolve, subsea technology will play an increasingly critical role in unlocking new reserves, maximizing recovery, and driving sustainable growth in offshore oil and gas production.

[jcmarchi]

CISO security & business continuity insights: lessons from an undersea cable blackout - CyberTalk

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/ciso-security-business-continuity-insights-lessons-from-an-undersea-cable-blackout-cybertalk/

CISO security & business continuity insights: lessons from an undersea cable blackout - CyberTalk

Issam El Haddioui: Head of Security Engineering, EMEA – Africa | Security Evangelist with the Office of the CTO. Issam El Haddioui has held multiple technical leadership and management roles with major cyber security vendors in different countries. He has 20+ years’ experience in worldwide consulting, designing, and implementing security architectures across verticals. He holds two master’s degrees and various technical certifications.

In this dynamic and insightful interview, Check Point expert Issam El Haddioui highlights how an undersea cable disruption impacted multi-national, regional and local businesses across Africa. He then describes how to prepare for internet blackouts and brownouts within your organization, walking through best practices and forms of resilient cyber security architecture.

1. Would you like to provide an overview of the subsea cable issue that recently affected West and Central Africa?

Internet access and connectivity for a large portion of our continent, more than a dozen of countries, was impacted earlier this year due to submarine undersea cables being damaged. Businesses in Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Uganda and more were forced to rely on phone conversations to exchange data in a timely manner. Others in East Africa had to use satellite network connections to continue operating.

2. Why is the issue significant? Who was affected and to what extent?

With almost 90% of Africa’s internet traffic relying on undersea cables, all aspects of the continent’s digital economy were subject to disruption; from quality of service to having no-connectivity at all. Stock exchanges, banks, e-commerce and logistics platforms were out of order for a significant part of the day, impacting revenue and business continuity. It caused delays to critical services for the continent and its citizens.

3. When interruptions – like what happened with the undersea cables – occur, what are the risks or vulnerabilities that businesses face?

In these circumstances, businesses are facing not only lower productivity, which impacts their competitiveness, but also security related risks, such as lack of visibility over their presence and global assets, and lack of visibility into non-local cloud platforms. They also lack real-time prevention in case of any local threats or insider actor.

4. For businesses based in West or Central Africa or with offices in the region, given the sub-sea cable cut, what kinds of general business resilience measures would you recommend?

In addition to the redundancy and resilience mechanisms applied by operators responsible for the cables, business can also opt for, when possible, a redundant/backup network connectivity via satellite communication. Also, we recommend having a local copy of critical data either on premises or leveraging the development of local and sovereign cloud providers. Sometimes, undersea cable disruption can also lead to a cyber attack due tapping or eavesdropping by threat actors who are meddling with the cable. Hence, encryption is also a highly recommended when trying to exchange data.

5. How can a SASE architecture help enterprises maintain secure and reliable connectivity to business critical applications and data?

SASE architecture that’s supported by a highly resilient meshed backbone can help maintain secure and reliable local communications for remote workers in countries using local PoP during any disruption; providing access to business data and applications.

6. What kinds of visibility and control does SASE offer and how is that beneficial?

With SASE architecture, business will have control over any connection to their data or applications, regardless of where it originates from. It allows them to check the security posture of the device where the user is initiating the connection, authentication and access control policy. It also gives them the ability to use the best route with low latency for critical traffic. It provides a full, central, in real-time and granular view of the security status of the environment; an important visibility mechanism enabling security analysts to prevent any potential threats or malicious activity.

7. How can SASE’s cloud-delivery model and optimization capabilities help reduce the impact of internet brownouts or blackouts?

SASE cloud-delivery with local PoP will help maintain local connectivity and access to data and applications during a period of internet blackout. In fact, SASE providers, such as Check Point, will have a local replica on all its PoP globally, with the same security policy. These local PoPs or some local providers have built resilience into their infrastructure that SASE can benefit from, such as dual connectivity via satellite or radio-based communication.

8. What related advice do you have for corporate leaders?

Digital transformation and the new hybrid mode of working have given businesses and governments a myriad of benefits and opportunities. These include reducing their real estate costs by enabling the remote workforce, rapid go-to-market with online and e-commerce platforms, accelerating the launch of citizen programs…etc.

This new reality cannot be supported by traditional connectivity and security architectures, but requires new agile, scalable, and holistic ways to deal with an extended attack surface and heterogenous mode of connection. SASE is one direction to help address some of these new challenges, offering secure and controlled access to data and applications from anywhere to anywhere, cloud-delivered and as-a-service.

9. At this point, the cables have been restored. Do you expect to see another incident like this within the next 12-18 months?

Even with all the resilience mechanisms that the cables operators are implementing, we are never totally immune from such incidents for various reasons. Incidents like what we saw in Africa this year are not very frequent, but according to the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), undersea cable disruptions occur at a rate of 200 incidents per year due to different accidental damages.

10. Is there anything else that you would like to share?

It is very important, during periods of internet blackout or disruption, not lose sight of insider threats, such as internal employees or third-parties, and potential local intrusion that can cost your business millions due to a data leak, reputational damage or legal liabilities. Hence, a unified and integrated security platform with visibility into the internal and external attack surface is key to your security monitoring in real-time.

For more insights from Issam El Haddioui, please see CyberTalk.org’s past interview. Lastly, to receive cyber security thought leadership articles, groundbreaking research and emerging threat analyses each week, subscribe to the CyberTalk.org newsletter.

[tubetrading]

ERW Pipes in Oil and Gas Industry: Key Roles and Market Trends

A stable and efficient infrastructure is crucial for the transportation of hydrocarbons in the oil and gas industry.  Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) pipes are a critical component that assumes a central role in this system.  The pipes in question are renowned for their multifunctionality, resilience, and economical nature, rendering them a widely favoured option for diverse applications within the oil and gas industry.  The strength of seamless connectivity - Choose ERW Pipes offered by Tube Trading Co. – an excellent ERW Pipe Supplier in Gujarat for your critical applications.

This blog examines the significant functions of ERW pipes within the industry and investigates the most recent market trends pertaining to these important components.

What are ERW Pipes?

ERW pipes are a variant of steel pipes that are manufactured through the application of a high-frequency electrical current along the edges of the steel strip or coil.  The flow of electrical current produces thermal energy, resulting in the fusion of the adjacent edges and the creation of a connection without any visible seams.  ERW pipes are extensively utilised in the oil and gas sector owing to their exceptional mechanical characteristics, rendering them appropriate for many applications in both onshore and offshore environments.

Key Roles of ERW Pipes in the Oil and Gas Industry:

Exploration and Production:

ERW pipes are widely employed in drilling activities within the upstream portion of the oil and gas industry.  The primary function of these pipes is to act as protective casings for the wellbore, thereby preserving its structural integrity and mitigating the risk of collapse during the drilling process.  ERW pipes are utilised in well-completion operations to enhance the effective extraction of hydrocarbons.

Transportation:

Transportation plays a crucial role in the hydrocarbon industry as it facilitates the movement of extracted hydrocarbons from wells to processing units or refineries.  ERW pipes, known for their exceptional strength and weldability, serve as the fundamental component of pipelines utilised for the extensive transit of oil and gas.  They facilitate the uninterrupted transportation of hydrocarbons from the point of extraction to the ultimate consumers.

Distribution and Storage:

Electric resistance welded (ERW) pipes are of significant importance in the midstream sector, since they are utilised for the purpose of distributing and storing refined fuels, including petrol, diesel and natural gas.  The utilisation of these pipes is crucial to the establishment of distribution networks and terminals, facilitating the effective transportation of energy products to end-users.

Offshore Applications:

ERW pipes are commonly utilised in offshore drilling and production due to their notable resilience in challenging marine environments.  These components find application in the construction of platforms, risers, and subsea pipelines, offering enhanced stability and dependability in demanding offshore environments.

Experience efficiency in every weld.  Order precision-engineered ERW Pipes offered by Tube Trading Co. – a renowned ERW Pipe Provider in Gujarat!

Market Trends of ERW Pipes in the Oil and Gas Industry:

Increasing Demand:

The increasing global demand for electric resistance welded (ERW) pipes within the oil and gas sector is driven by the ongoing growth of exploration and production operations, with a particular emphasis on emerging economies.  The consistent expansion in energy consumption and the imperative for novel infrastructure are significant factors that contribute to the heightened adoption of Electric Resistance Welded (ERW) pipes.

Technological Advancements:

Technological advancements in the field of ERW pipes are being pursued by manufacturers through ongoing investments in research and development, with the aim of improving their inherent qualities.  The utilisation of advanced welding methodologies and enhanced steel compositions has resulted in the development of pipes exhibiting elevated levels of strength, corrosion resistance, and durability.  Consequently, these pipes have emerged as highly suitable for deployment in demanding oil and gas applications.

Environmental Considerations:

The increasing focus of the industry on sustainability and environmental preservation has led to a transition towards more environmentally friendly practices.  ERW pipes, due to their environmentally friendly nature and recyclability, are very compatible with these objectives, hence establishing themselves as a favoured option for enterprises that prioritise environmental consciousness.

Focus on Pipeline Safety:

The issue of pipeline safety has garnered significant attention due to worries surrounding leaks and ruptures, resulting in the implementation of more stringent regulations and standards.  The superior weld quality and consistency of ERW pipes result in a decreased likelihood of failures, hence enhancing the safety of pipelines.

Market Consolidation:

The ERW pipe market is currently through a process of consolidation, wherein prominent industry participants are actively engaging in mergers and acquisitions to enhance their range of products and increase their market reach.  The objective of this trend is to address the increasing demand and sustain a competitive advantage within the sector.

Final Thoughts:

ERW pipes are of significant importance within the oil and gas sector, as they fulfil crucial functions throughout a range of activities spanning from exploration to distribution.  The indispensability of these components in the industry's infrastructure can be attributed to their versatility, durability, and cost-effectiveness.

The anticipated increase in the utilisation of ERW pipes is attributed to the escalating demand for energy and the heightened significance of environmental considerations.  The continuous endeavours of manufacturers to innovate and enhance these pipes will inevitably result in the development of more effective and environmentally friendly solutions, thereby strengthening their significance as a crucial element within the ever-evolving realm of oil and gas transportation and distribution.  Seamless solutions for your piping needs – Partner with Tube Trading Co. – the most reliable ERW Pipe Supplier in Gujarat today!

[sifytechnologiessify]

https://www.sifytechnologies.com/data-center/kolkata-data-center/

Sify's Data Center in Kolkata: Revolutionizing Digital Infrastructure in Eastern India

In an era where data drives decision-making, innovation, and growth, the need for robust and scalable data centers has never been more critical. Sify Technologies, a leader in providing integrated ICT solutions and services, has once again demonstrated its commitment to fostering digital transformation with the inauguration of its cutting-edge data center in Kolkata. This state-of-the-art facility marks a significant milestone in the digital landscape of Eastern India, offering unparalleled infrastructure and services designed to meet the demands of the modern digital economy.

Strategic Location: A Gateway to Growth

Kolkata, often regarded as the cultural capital of India, is now rapidly emerging as a vital hub for digital infrastructure. Sify's decision to establish a data center in this burgeoning metropolis underscores the city's strategic importance. Positioned as a gateway to the eastern and northeastern regions of India, Kolkata offers unique advantages, including robust connectivity, a skilled workforce, and proximity to international subsea cable landing stations, facilitating enhanced global connectivity.

State-of-the-Art Infrastructure

Sify's Kolkata data center is engineered to the highest standards, featuring cutting-edge technology and infrastructure. The facility is designed to provide optimal performance, security, and reliability, ensuring uninterrupted operations for businesses across various sectors. Key features of the data center include:

Tier III Design Certification: Ensuring high availability and redundancy, crucial for mission-critical applications.

Advanced Cooling Solutions: Employing energy-efficient cooling technologies to maintain optimal operating temperatures and reduce energy consumption.

Robust Security Measures: Including 24/7 surveillance, biometric access controls, and advanced fire detection and suppression systems.

Scalable Power Solutions: Supporting high-density computing environments with scalable power options to meet growing business demands.

Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity: Comprehensive disaster recovery solutions ensuring data integrity and business continuity in case of unforeseen events.

Empowering Digital Transformation

The Kolkata data center is not just a physical infrastructure but a cornerstone of Sify’s broader vision to empower businesses with digital transformation. It offers a suite of services tailored to meet the diverse needs of enterprises, from cloud services and managed hosting to colocation and network services. These offerings enable businesses to seamlessly scale their operations, enhance agility, and drive innovation.

Cloud Services: Providing a hybrid and multi-cloud environment that offers flexibility, scalability, and cost-efficiency.

Managed Services: Expert management of IT infrastructure, allowing businesses to focus on core competencies while Sify ensures optimal performance and uptime.

Network Services: Leveraging Sify’s extensive network infrastructure to provide high-speed, low-latency connectivity across geographies.

Sustainability and Efficiency

In line with global trends towards sustainability, Sify's Kolkata data center incorporates eco-friendly practices and technologies. By utilizing energy-efficient systems and renewable energy sources, Sify is committed to reducing its carbon footprint and promoting environmental stewardship. This commitment not only aligns with corporate social responsibility goals but also provides clients with a green alternative for their data needs.

Sify’s new data center in Kolkata is a testament to the company’s unwavering dedication to advancing digital infrastructure in India. As businesses increasingly rely on data-driven strategies, Sify’s state-of-the-art facility offers a robust, secure, and scalable solution to meet the evolving demands of the digital age. By fostering innovation and enabling seamless connectivity, Sify is not just building a data center but creating a pivotal asset for the future of digital transformation in Eastern India.

For more information on Sify's services and the Kolkata data center, visit Sify Technologies.

This article positions Sify as a forward-thinking leader in the digital transformation landscape, highlighting the strategic importance and advanced capabilities of the new Kolkata data center.

[calicometal]

Duplex Steel 2205 Sheets | UNS S31803 Sheets Supplier

 In the realm of stainless steel, Duplex Steel 2205 stands out as a versatile and reliable option for various industrial applications. With its unique combination of high strength, corrosion resistance, and cost-effectiveness, Duplex Steel 2205 has become a preferred choice for many industries. As a leading supplier, Calico Metal provides top-quality Duplex Steel 2205 sheets, also known as UNS S31803 sheets, to meet the diverse needs of its customers

Key Features of Duplex Steel 2205 Sheets

Corrosion Resistance: Duplex Steel 2205 exhibits excellent resistance to corrosion in a wide range of environments, including those containing chlorides and acids. This makes it suitable for applications in industries such as chemical processing, marine engineering, and oil and gas.

High Strength: The duplex microstructure of Duplex Steel 2205 imparts superior strength, allowing it to withstand high-pressure and high-stress conditions. This makes it ideal for structural components in industries such as construction and transportation.

Cost-Effectiveness: Compared to austenitic stainless steels, Duplex Steel 2205 offers a cost-effective solution without compromising on performance. Its long-term durability and low maintenance requirements make it an attractive choice for various projects.

Applications of Duplex Steel 2205 Sheets

Chemical Processing: Duplex Steel 2205 sheets are used in the fabrication of tanks, reactors, heat exchangers, and piping systems for handling corrosive chemicals.

Oil and Gas Industry: In offshore platforms, subsea pipelines, and refineries, Duplex Steel 2205 sheets provide reliable performance in corrosive environments and high-pressure conditions.

Marine Engineering: Shipbuilding and marine structures benefit from the corrosion resistance and high strength of Duplex Steel 2205, ensuring longevity and reliability in harsh marine environments.

Why Choose Calico Metal as Your Supplier?

Calico Metal has earned a reputation for excellence in providing high-quality Duplex Steel 2205 sheets to customers worldwide. With a commitment to customer satisfaction and adherence to stringent quality standards, Calico Metal ensures that its products meet the highest expectations. By choosing Calico Metal as your supplier, you can expect:

Top-Quality Products: Calico Metal offers Duplex Steel 2205 sheets that are manufactured to the highest standards, ensuring reliability and durability in demanding applications.

Prompt Delivery: With efficient logistics and distribution networks, Calico Metal ensures timely delivery of products to meet customers' project timelines.

Technical Expertise: The team at Calico Metal comprises experts with extensive knowledge of stainless steel products, providing valuable technical support and guidance to customers.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Duplex Steel 2205 sheets, supplied by Calico Metal, offer a winning combination of corrosion resistance, high strength, and cost-effectiveness for a wide range of industrial applications. Whether you're in the chemical processing, oil and gas, or marine engineering industry, Duplex Steel 2205 sheets provide reliable performance and long-term value. Trust Calico Metal as your supplier for top-quality Duplex Steel 2205 sheets that meet your specific requirements.