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dreamerwithoutadirection · 1 year

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You Belong with me

The eldest son of Defence Minister Lord Kim feels the intense desire to make his fiancé's maid his.

Warnings: Yandere!

This is my first work, hope you all enjoy! :)

Binna couldn’t help but wonder what it’s like for noble women living in their high end worlds of pretty dresses, scarfs, jewellery as she dressed Miss Da Eun. It hadn’t been long since she was assigned to Miss Da Eun’s long list of maids. And while it wasn’t what she envisioned for her life, it wasn’t bad particularly..just tiring.

“Binna, please make sure my hair look perfect today” Da Eun eagerly said.

“Yes, Miss he will not be able to look away from you. I am sure!”

It was an important day in Finance Minister Choi’s household. Defence Minister Kim was coming along with his eldest son to finalise the marriage details between his daughter and young Mr. Kim. Indeed a special day, two powerful families were coming together for the greater of the nation. Minister Choi couldn’t be more excited! Not only was eldest Kim handsome but had also recently cleared the state exam to work in Ministry of Justice. Nothing could go wrong, Choi would make sure of it.

“Miss you are ready,” said Binna as she placed the last pin on Da Eun’s hair. No one could deny that Da Eun looked particularly pretty day with rose coloured lips and doe eyes. Binna was sure that the man coming to see Da Eun would be ecstatic to have such a beautiful wife.

Just as Binna was lost in her thoughts, Lady Choi entered the chamber to call Da Eun to meet her fiance. Da Eun was looking forward to meet Mr. Kim, as she had heard of his beauty and of his sense of justice, she could only hope that he was equally excited to meet her.

Seokjin couldn’t care less for this arrangement. It was a duty he had to fulfil for the future of his clan and he would do so. Or so he thought. Standing in the garden of Mr. Choi’s house, he felt impatient to get the talks over with. He didn’t really understand how his presence was necessary here. With thoughts far away, it wasn’t hard to understand that Seokjin was indifferent to the impending marriage with Da Eun. He had better things to do in life than play house with a naive girl looking for love.

“Lord Kim?”

Suddenly a voice interrupted his track of thoughts. And as he turned around to greet who was sure was Da Eun, he was surprised to see a maid bowing down to the fullest. He felt disappointed. This sweet gentle voice belonged to a maid? Yet, Seokjin, felt this urgent desire to hear her more.

“Yes?”

“Miss Da Eun is waiting for you in the other side of the house in the rose garden. I am here to take you there.”

He knew in that moment he could spent rest of his life hearing it. “What’s your name?”

Binna couldn’t help but feel shocked. Why would he want to know her name? Did she do something wrong. Oh my god! Did she know not bow enough? Binna fell to the ground and began apologising profusely for her mistake.

“Forgive me my lord if I have sinned. It was not my intention, please forgive me”

“Huh..” Why was she asking for forgiveness when all he wanted was to know her name…and more. “Just tell me your name and who you are”

“Binna, my lord. I serve Miss Da Eun and was sent to inform you Miss Da Eun in ready to meet you. Please forgive me if I sinned.”

Interesting. “Lead the way.” Seokjin observed that Binna was tall, while he wouldn’t call her conventionally pretty, there was something about her that enchanted him to no end. He had never felt this way and he didn’t even know her! Is this what falling in love is? Oh, how he wanted to spend his evening listening to her voice and nights entangled in bed. Maybe he could ask her to be his mistress? Given her station, that seemed like a viable path. But she was far more precious than to be one. No, he’ll have to marry her. Yes, that’s the only way. And she would no longer be needed to do these things. Her precious hands were not made to tend to another. She’ll be his and in that moment nothing else mattered to Seokjin.

Binna could feel his eyes on her, staring and observing. It was intense. It was uncomfortable. Her heart was beating loudly as if saying she was the prey and he the predator. She should run, far. Thankfully, she could see the room Miss Da Eun was waiting in and was elated that soon she would be free from those piercing eyes.

She knocked on the door to announce her arrival to Miss Da Eun and entered. Binna wanted to leave as fast as possible. But it seemed that the universe was conspiring against her that afternoon. Miss Da Eun asked her to stay as a chaperone.

With a defeated look Binna stood in the back of the room, looking down to let the newly turned couple talk in privacy.

“I apologise, but I cannot marry you”, Binna heard Lord Kim.

“My lor-”

“I have fallen for another and it wouldn’t be fair to you. I wish to make her my wife and my everything.” Seokjin said looking at Binna.

Binna did not like the way he looked at her, as if she was an object to be possessed. In that moment Binna knew, she had to leave this place. There was something in his coffee eyes which felt like a dark promise, daring her to try going against him. As if saying, where ever you go, I will follow you to the eternity.

Da Eun felt deeply hurt. Was she not pretty enough? She had all the skills expected from a wife of a noble man. She had never even hurt a fly before. Why would Lord Kim reject her? Unable to control her emotions, Da Eun quickly got up and ran from the room leaving a surprised and scared Binna and a delighted Jin behind.

Jin closed the door behind him, before Binna could attempt to make an escape. He slowly walked towards her and caught her as she was trying to make an escape.

“Shh” She heard lord Kim, “you are a pretty little thing you know” He was close, closer than he should be. And for the first time, she looked into his dark eyes staring at her as if she was the most novel thing he had ever seen. With his both arms on her side, trapping her..escaping was not an option. He was handsome and even the Gods would be befuddled by his beauty. And she was only human, a lowly one but a human.

“Lord Kim...” Binna “please leave me, this is not appropriate. You are here for Miss Da Eun.”

“Now why would I do that? I have just caught you, my love. You are smart enough to know, I was talking about you, aren’t you?” Jin spoke against her neck..taking in her smell and kissing the sweet sweet spot as if marking her for life. “Start calling me Jin, love”

Binna felt her heart jumping out of her body. She had never been this close to man before. With her sweaty palms she tried to push Lord Kim away but Seokjin only pulled her closer with his one hand on other waist and the other on neck.

“Don’t fight me Binna. I have decided that I will marry you and so, I will. Get your things ready, we’ll be getting married soon. Do not try to run, I will find you..always. I am a powerful man after all.”

Binna felt a tear escape for this was not what she envisioned for her life- life with a devil.

#bts yandere #yandere bts #yandere jin

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confessions-official · 4 months

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TW: Suicide

I honestly think it’s more affordable to kill myself than live. I’m 18, and the past two years have been a shit show. I’m leaving for college soon (hopefully, as I’m uncertain I’ll even get INTO college {my country has a final exam that decides whether you go to college or not, and I have yet to take that final exam}) and my parents are fully cutting me off (which is well within their rights, I just wish they would cut me off once I’m on my feet instead of right away). Anyway between the absolute whirlwind my life has gone through, I’ve been in a shit mental state and have earned basically pennies. I was going though my finances, (of which my parents have made it clear only around 2,000 dollars is mine, and they’re not sure if they’ll give me the rest for college/ living expenses) and I’ve come to the conclusion it’s much cheaper to buy a bunch of pills and just commit suicide. I’m not sure if I’ll go through with it, because I just got back my will to live, but if it comes down to it, I think I just may have to be at peace with the fact that I need to die.

#confession #suicide

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omnibenevolent-couch-blog · 2 years

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Great Emperors and Beyond; An Abridged History of the Golden Empire of Yi Ti

By Sun Ma, translated by Orlendr

Translator's Note

This was written nearly 200 years ago in 132AC, and remains one of the most well known and compiled sources on Yi Ti and its history. To now have it translated into the Common Tongue of Westeros is a definitive sign of good faith between the new powers in Yi Ti and the Kingdoms of Westeros.

To those reading this; please keep in mind that borders and provinces change over time, especially in recent years. Like the waxing and waning of the moon, both cities and their names may be altered or even rendered obsolete. Any map shown of Yi Ti will have a corresponding year stated by it, and will be as approximate as can be given the difference in calendars.

Since this book was originally published in Yi Tish, the Imperial Court of the Golden Empire has gone over both minute and large amendments in its structure and rank. The general terminology and a brief explanation will be listed, but any old or not in use terms will be identified otherwise. Newer or updated ranks like the Grand Judge, the Councils, the Duke of the Five Forts, and the Chancellors will not be added in, because during the time that this is being translated these ranks have not been legitimized in Yi Ti’s rule and law.

List of Imperial Court Rankings:

God-Emperor — Sovereign of the Golden Empire of Yi Ti, thought of as a divine descendant of God-on-Earth.

Empress — Main wife of the Emperor, her first born child is Crowned Heir no matter sex or age in relation to the birth order with the Imperial Consorts’ children in mind.

Grand Secretariat (obs.[1]) — Close advisor to the Emperor, more so than that of the Court.

Imperial General — Head of the military, holds absolute authority over all of the branches of warfare and their finances. Second only to the Emperor’s input and direct commands.

Minister of Rites (obs.) — Head Priest of the Nu’nian Temple, oversees religious ceremonies and rites.

Minister of Judicial Affairs (obs.) — Head of the Judicial Court, oversees penal affairs and law.

Minister of Public Works — Head of the Bureau of Public Works, oversees the financial aspect to important festivals, infrastructure, agriculture, and the general public’s state of affairs.

Grand Duke (obs.) — Title of the Lord whose seat rests in the old Buien province; made up of what is now the Buien, Wuian, and half of the Di’an provinces. This title was awarded to the holder as a thing of prestige, as their seat was (metaphorically) that of the Five Forts[2]—though most Grand Dukes in history were Lords of the Forked City of Quen.

Commander of the Feathered Guard — Head of the Imperial Palace guards, the only group of people permitted to carry weapons in the presence of the Emperor and within the Palace itself.

Lords/Ladies — A hereditary title of nobility, they hold authority in their seat-city and that of the Court, but not much else. Some throughout history have had vassals here and there, but it was not common nor was it thought well of.

Esteemed Scholars — An earned title, gained by graduates that passed the Imperial Exams.[3]

Overseer of Attendants — Head eunuch within the imperial household, only occasionally summoned to Court proceedings if needed.

short for obsolete, no longer in use.

The Five Forts during the time in which the Grand Duke rank was held had five acting Generals on each of the Forts manning the wall. The Grand Duke title held little to no actual authority nor commandeering power over the soldiers stationed there.

Esteemed Scholars are graduates of the Imperial Exam, a test which is taken every four years right after the Conference Examinations. Out of the 300 that can pass those tests, an average of 200 apply to the Palace, and only 50 can officially pass the Imperial Exam. Of those that finish, they gain the class title the Brilliant Class—with the top three scorers called the Distinguished Head (top of class), the Upward Head (second in class), and the Reaching Head (third in class).

Preface 1.1: Yi Tish Calendar

Unlike the Westerosi solar calendar of 12 months with 30 and 31 alternating days a year, the Yi Tish calendar is a stellar calendar. Though it does have the same 365 days a year, excluding leap years with 366 days, it only has 8 months.

There are 12 phases a year, corresponding to the constellation that the sun crosses through during the time of year. Those 12 phases make up 8 months—with four months as individual phases, and four months made up of two phases paired together. Within the dual phased month, each phase gets 23 days per half, making the month 46 days long. A dual phase month is followed by a month with only one phase made up of 45 days, before another dual month follows.

As the sun crosses into the end phase of the Water month, known as the Crane, the year begins. After that is the Earth month of the Aurochs sign, and then the Wood month begins with the Tiger constellation phase. The Wood month’s end phase is the Rabbit, before another Earth Month follows as the Firewyrm. Then the Fire Month begins with the Kraken and ends with the Horse phase.

An Earth month, the individual Elephant phase, follows. It is succeeded by the Metal month of the Monkey phase and then it ends with the White-backed Raven phase. The last Earth month of the year is Red Wolf before the beginning of the Water month starts with the Boar phase, which is the last phase of the year.

A leap year has one day added to the end of the Crane phase every 4 years. These are known as Black Lion days. There are talks amongst scholars and astronomers of adding another day to the leap year, meaning a possible 367 days in a leap year. It has not been brought up to the Imperial Court yet, only discussed amongst debating groups.

(The black and white lines above all the months symbolize what force of nature governs that phase. White being the sun, and black being the moon.)

The Yi Tish calendar uses the Bloodstone Emperor’s betrayal as an epoch. For example, Year 1AB (After Betrayal) is the year in which the Blood Betrayal occurred, while Year 1BB (Before Betrayal) is one year prior to the betrayal.

e.g. 3BB -> 2BB -> 1BB -> 1AB -> 2AB -> 3AB

#yi ti #asoiaf #got #game of thrones #a song of ice and fire #awoiaf #essos

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headsinsand · 8 months

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I somehow ended up looking at Octavian/Augustus’s finances when I was studying for an exam and I had to count the zeros to see how much money that was cause it was such a big number (did some digging 1HS or Sestertius seem to be equal to 1 dollar today which is interesting, I can’t find much on the exact number, different sources disagree with each other). Tbh the expenses section -which mostly contains the larger ones, like giving money to the poor and to bribe colonized soldiers that kind of thing-are probably overexaggerated since the creator of the data states the sources are from Res Gestae and I don’t know how much you can trust that.

#ancient rome #octavian #augustus

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xzepp · 1 year

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Alternate universe Akatsuki OCs, taken at least at the same parallel time as the beginning of Shippuden

Will comment their backstories below this image

Left: Fuyune Sazanka

Right: Shizuka Hansei

The background image was made by Blue Willow AI

Fuyune Sazanka

The Sazanka Clan is mostly known for their Crystal Release, but their most legendary shinobi from the Warring States Era had the only naturally occurring kekkei tōta - Winter Release. (Also worth noting that it is widely believed that the Sazanka Clan is not a descendant of the Sage of Six Paths but of a malevolent entity called Jashin, which resulted in them being viewed as barbarians during the Warring States Era.)

Fuyune Sazanka is the only other person who was born from the clan who had Winter Release after the death of Shimon the Soothsayer by the hands of the Second Tsuchikage, Mu.

Just a three year old during the end of the Third Shinobi War, Fuyune witnessed the death of her pregnant mother in the hands of Hidden Cloud due to territorial disputes between the Land of Lightning and the Land of Frost.

The prodigy heiress of the Sazanka, she was 9 when she entered the Chuunin Exams held at the Leaf Village. It was the first time her power was truly exposed to the greater public. Her fight with Itachi Uchiha was the final round of the Chuunin Exams, where she lost. It was then she met Itachi's younger brother, Sasuke, who she surmised would've been the same age as the sibling her mother was carrying, causing her to have some resentment against him, as he had everything she lost. However, it was not the last time they would meet as her father signed a secret treaty with Fugaku Uchiha, which led to joint operations with one of the founding clans of the Leaf Village.

A few years down the line, Hanzo the Salamander's adoptive son - Nagato - had begun calling for a joint operations team towards the minor villages, in hopes of having an alliance, asking for one jounin level shinobi from each village. Hidden Frost is such an example of one that received an invitation, and Fuyune was sent to be the representative to the formation of this joint military force - the Akatsuki.

---

Shizuka Hansei

It is a widely an open secret that the Hansei Clan was descended from a branch family of the Hyuuga, which accounts for their strange ocular power that can see in infrared light. It was not a secret, however, that the Hansei resent the Hyuuga for countless generations that Goro Hansei, the clan head during the formation of villages, refused to join the Leaf because the Hyuuga are there and proceeded to become one of the founding fathers of the Haze Village, alongside their allies.

As the Hansei Clan beliefs go, being a shinobi alone would not be enough to get by, Goro Hansei gambled investments in various things to a point where the Hansei became the richest shinobi clan in the world and the Haze Village being the most technologically advanced, that they have never been invaded by others.

As the direct descendant of Goro and heiress of the Hansei, Shizuka has been noted to be of very similar personality. Her constant seeking of business ideas and opportunities, investments, and ways to profit starting at a young age often take people aback. Her hatred for the Hyuuga isn't because of the old generation's resentment, but because her parents were killed by the Hyuuga during the Third Shinobi War. As the Akatsuki was formed, she knew that not only Rain sought her clan to handle some of the finances, but that the bigger villages will force their way in. She threatened Hanzo that she would stop the funding if the Leaf sent a Hyuuga when this happens.

Due to her accidental exposure to the strange purple meteorite Goro Hansei kept hidden in the basement of the clan manor, Shizuka became physically weak. However, her chakra became more potent. Due to this, she specializes mostly in sealing techniques and genjutsu, along with her clan's kekkei genkai, radiation release. She had sought the Shikkotsu Forest, and is able to perform sage techniques.

#naruto oc #akatsuki oc #original character #idk how to tag this #basically they are from an alternate universe #alternate universe #naruto alternate universe

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cepheustarot · 11 months

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What awaits you in November?

Attention! This reading is for entertainment purposes only. This tarot reading does not give a 100% guarantee that all the described situations will occur. You build your own life and destiny.

Pick a pile. Choose one or more pictures. Trust your intuition.

Pile 1: As I see it, here you will become the one who will be at the center of a dispute between two people. you will feel like you are beietwen two fires, because it will be difficult to support the someone alone person, these two people are your close people and each of them is right in his own way. but as I see it, here you generally forget about the situation and say, it's not my business, two adults and mature people are quarreling, so they can come to a compromise without my participation. But another one will decide to put two people in their place and say, stop arguing! don't you have anything else to do? or something like that, in general, your words will help resolve this conflict or at least minimize disputes. The second event is due to the fact that you are finishing a long and hard work, perhaps someone has been diligently preparing for the upcoming exams. you finally go on vacation or go on vacation, give yourself the opportunity to relax, and you will be alone with yourself. The third event promises a new period or a new stage in your life, you will start doing something new for you or go to another university, find a new job that is generally different from the one you worked at before. Moreover, you will like these changes, you will be satisfied with the new in your life, you will have a passion, an interest in everything that you will start doing.

Pile 2: You were in suspense for a long time, you didn't know what to do and how to move, because everything somehow returned to the same thing or to what you started with. The pressure from the outside has led you to an apathetic state, you have withdrawn to yourself and have already lost hope of solving the problem, but this month you will have the opportunity to break the vicious circle and take the next step, move on to another stage. Moreover, as soon as you do this, everything will get better in your life, relationships with people, finances will increase, your condition will improve, there will be a lot of time for what you wanted to realize for a long time, but could not for certain reasons.The next event promises you new acquaintances! Or you will be among people, maybe you will meet with your friends or relatives, or spend time in a big company and it will definitely leave a pleasant memory for you! You can also be in the center of attention, people will approach you to get acquainted. It can also mean that if you are blogging or developing in social networks in social networks, then people will notice you, subscribe to you, put likes and everything like that. For those who work as a freelancer, this is also a good event, since new customers, buyers will come to you and a new stream of people will bring you good money. Also, at the end of the month, you can expect a spontaneous trip, or you can move to a new apartment, a new house, change your place of residence, you can change your place of work or change something in your appearance, here the key word is spontaneity. But be careful and attentive, because some changes may not work out as you planned or as you wanted and you may face not very good consequences, so still think carefully about your spontaneous idea before proceeding to execution.

Pile 3: The 1st event is connected with your meeting with a partner or future love! If you have been single for a while, then here you will have the opportunity to meet your love. To describe a person briefly, he is quite mature, hardworking, reliable, responsible, generous, he may be the same age as you or a little older than you. If you are already in a romantic relationship, then this month you will spend a lot of time with your love, you will feel very good and comfortable together, the person will show you all his love and attention, in general, there is a warm and harmonious period in your relationship. If you are in a quarrel or a difficult situation with your lover, then here you will successfully find a compromise and a solution to your problem! The second event is due to the fact that you refuse to communicate with a person from your environment, it can be either your friend, acquaintance, or someone from relatives. But! if you refuse, you will soon meet another person who will become your good friend or at least a good interlocutor, you will feel that he understands you, supports you and you can share with him everything that worries your soul and thoughts. You can also reach a compromise with a person with whom you have a difficult situation, he will make concessions to you and change his attitude towards you for the better, for example, he will become more attentive to you and your feelings. The next event is related to your plans and goals, perhaps you have just started implementing recently and the process is difficult for you, there are a lot of failures on your way or something does not work out for a long time. In this case, you need to take a break and postpone the case, spend time with your loved ones or alone to dispel your thoughts and look at the problem from the other side or simply relax. In any case, you have enough strength and resources to pass all the obstacles, so don't worry too much! Believe that you will succeed.

Thank you for reading! I will be glad of any feedback <3

#pick a card #tarot #tarot reading #pick a card reading #pick a pile #pick a pile reading #tarot cards

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sanramonperio · 2 years

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The Benefits of Choosing Perfect Smiles San Ramon for Your Dental Care

Perfect Smiles San Ramon is a leading dental practice in San Ramon, CA that offers top-quality dental care to patients of all ages. The practice is led by Dr. Neda Ghomashi, who is committed to providing personalized and comprehensive dental care to every patient. Perfect Smiles San Ramon offers a range of dental services, from routine check-ups to advanced cosmetic and restorative procedures. In this article, we will explore the benefits of choosing Perfect Smiles San Ramon for your dental care needs.Comprehensive Care: Perfect Smiles San Ramon offers a wide range of dental services to meet the needs of every patient. Whether you need a routine cleaning or a complex restorative procedure, the team at Perfect Smiles San Ramon has the expertise and experience to provide top-quality care. Advanced Technology: Perfect Smiles San Ramon uses the latest dental technology to provide efficient and effective treatments. They use digital X-rays, intraoral cameras, and other advanced tools to diagnose and treat dental problems with precision and accuracy. Comfortable Environment: Perfect Smiles San Ramon understands that many people feel anxious about going to the dentist. That's why they have created a comfortable and welcoming environment to help patients feel at ease. From the friendly staff to the modern amenities, every aspect of the practice is designed with patient comfort in mind. State-of-the-Art Facility: Perfect Smiles San Ramon's modern and state-of-the-art facility is equipped with the latest technology and equipment. This ensures that patients receive the best possible care in a comfortable and safe environment. Personalized Care: Dr. Ghomashi and her team take the time to get to know each patient and their unique dental needs. They work closely with patients to develop personalized treatment plans that address their specific concerns and goals. Cosmetic Dentistry: Perfect Smiles San Ramon can help enhance the appearance of your smile with a range of cosmetic dentistry treatments. These include teeth whitening, veneers, and Invisalign. Same-Day Emergency Care: If you experience a dental emergency, Perfect Smiles San Ramon offers same-day appointments to provide prompt care. They can help with issues like a broken tooth, severe toothache, or a lost filling or crown. Affordable Payment Options: Perfect Smiles San Ramon offers flexible payment options to make dental care more affordable for their patients. They accept most dental insurance plans and also offer financing options like CareCredit to help patients pay for their treatment over time. Family-Friendly: Perfect Smiles San Ramon is a family-focused practice that welcomes patients of all ages. Whether you need a pediatric dentist for your children or a senior-friendly dentist for your elderly parents, Perfect Smiles San Ramon has you covered. Patient Education: Perfect Smiles San Ramon believes in educating their patients about the importance of oral health and hygiene. They provide patients with the knowledge and tools they need to maintain healthy teeth and gums between appointments.

How Can Perfect Smiles San Ramon Help You and Your Family?Prevent Dental Problems: Regular dental exams and cleanings are essential for maintaining healthy teeth and gums. Perfect Smiles San Ramon can help prevent dental problems before they start by providing routine check-ups and cleanings. Restore Your Smile: If you have damaged or missing teeth, Perfect Smiles San Ramon can help restore your smile with a range of restorative treatments. They can help you regain a complete and functional smile that looks and feels natural. Enhance Your Appearance: If you are unhappy with the appearance of your teeth, Perfect Smiles San Ramon can help enhance your smile with a range of cosmetic dentistry treatments.

#dentist #dental care

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eclubstudy · 2 years

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collegechalo · 2 years

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Top 20 Toughest Exams in World

Here is a list of some of the toughest exams in world, based on various factors such as difficulty level, competition, and passing rate:

United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE)

Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)

Certified Public Accountant (CPA)

Graduate Record Examination (GRE)

Law School Admission Test (LSAT)

National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) for Registered Nurses (RN)

Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT)

International English Language Testing System (IELTS)

Series 7 Exam (FINRA General Securities Representative Exam)

Joint Entrance Examination (JEE)

Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Exam

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)

Actuarial Examinations

Architecture Registration Exam (ARE)

The Defense Language Aptitude Battery (DLAB)

Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)

Uniform CPA Examination

Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB)

The California Bar Exam

Civil Service Examination

United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE)

The United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) is a three-step examination for medical licensure in the United States. It is sponsored by the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME). The USMLE assesses a physician's ability to apply knowledge, concepts, and principles, and to demonstrate fundamental patient-centred skills, that are important in health and disease and constitute the basis of safe and effective patient care.

Step 1 of the USMLE focuses on the basic sciences and covers anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, pharmacology, and pathology. Step 2 CK (Clinical Knowledge) assesses the medical knowledge and clinical skills necessary to provide patient care under supervision. Step 2 CS (Clinical Skills) assesses the ability of a physician to gather and interpret information and to communicate effectively with patients, their families, and healthcare professionals. Step 3 of the USMLE evaluates a physician's ability to apply medical knowledge and understanding of biomedical and clinical science essential for the unsupervised practice of medicine.

The USMLE is widely regarded as one of the toughest exams in the world, and its passing is mandatory for medical students seeking licensure to practice medicine in the United States.

Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)

The Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) program is a professional designation offered by the CFA Institute to finance and investment professionals. The CFA program is considered one of the most challenging and prestigious designations in the financial industry, and it is recognized globally as a benchmark of excellence.

To become a CFA charter holder, candidates must pass three levels of exams, each of which covers a specific body of knowledge in the field of finance and investments. The exams are designed to test the candidate's knowledge of investment management, financial analysis, portfolio management, and ethical and professional standards.

The CFA exams are renowned for their difficulty, with a low passing rate, and are considered some of the toughest exams in the world. The curriculum covers a broad range of topics, including economics, financial reporting and analysis, equity and fixed-income investments, alternative investments, and portfolio management.

In addition to passing the exams, candidates must also meet the CFA Institute's professional and ethical conduct requirements, including relevant work experience and continuing professional development. Obtaining the CFA designation requires a significant commitment of time and effort, and it is widely recognized as a hallmark of achievement in the financial industry.

Certified Public Accountant (CPA)

The Certified Public Accountant (CPA) is a professional designation in the field of accounting that is awarded by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) to individuals who pass the Uniform CPA Examination and meet other requirements set by the state boards of accountancy.

The CPA Exam is widely regarded as one of the toughest professional exams, and it covers a wide range of topics, including auditing and attestation, financial accounting and reporting, regulation, and business environment and concepts. The exam is designed to test the candidate's knowledge of accounting principles, regulations, and practices, as well as their ability to apply that knowledge to real-world scenarios.

Graduate Record Examination (GRE)

The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) is a standardized test that is used by graduate schools and business schools as part of the admission process. The GRE is designed to measure verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing skills that are acquired over a long period of time and that are not related to any specific field of study.

The GRE is a computer-based test that is offered year-round at testing centres around the world. The test is divided into three sections: Verbal Reasoning, Quantitative Reasoning, and Analytical Writing. The Verbal and Quantitative Reasoning sections each have a score range of 130 to 170, in one-point increments. The Analytical Writing section is scored on a scale of 0 to 6, in half-point increments.

The GRE is considered to be a challenging exam, and it requires a significant amount of preparation, including a thorough review of math concepts, vocabulary, and essay-writing techniques. The Verbal and Quantitative Reasoning sections of the GRE are designed to test a broad range of skills, and they require a strong foundation in mathematics, vocabulary, and critical thinking. The Analytical Writing section requires strong writing skills, including the ability to articulate complex ideas clearly and concisely.

Law School Admission Test (LSAT)

The Law School Admission Test (LSAT) is a standardized test used by law schools in the United States and Canada as part of the admission process. The LSAT is designed to assess the critical reading and analytical skills that are necessary for success in law school and in the legal profession.

The LSAT is a half-day, standardized test that is administered four times a year at designated testing centres around the world. The test consists of multiple-choice questions and an unscored writing sample. The multiple-choice section of the LSAT is divided into four parts: Reading Comprehension, Analytical Reasoning, Logical Reasoning, and an unscored experimental section.

The LSAT is widely considered to be one of the toughest standardized tests, and it requires a significant amount of preparation and practice. The test is designed to measure a broad range of skills, including critical reading, analytical reasoning, and logical thinking, and it requires a strong foundation in verbal and analytical skills.

National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) for Registered Nurses (RN)

The National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) is a standardized exam that is used to evaluate the competency of individuals seeking to become registered nurses (RNs) in the United States. The NCLEX is administered by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) and is used by state boards of nursing to determine whether an individual is eligible for licensure as an RN.

The NCLEX is a computer-based exam that is designed to test a candidate's knowledge and understanding of nursing practices and procedures. The exam covers a wide range of topics, including pharmacology, health promotion and maintenance, management of care, and reduction of risk potential.

Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT)

The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is a standardized test used by graduate business schools as part of the admission process. The GMAT is designed to measure a candidate's skills in critical thinking, problem-solving, and data analysis, which are essential for success in a graduate business program.

The GMAT is a computer-based test that is administered year-round at designated testing centers around the world. The test consists of four sections: Verbal Reasoning, Quantitative Reasoning, Integrated Reasoning, and an Analytical Writing Assessment. The Verbal and Quantitative Reasoning sections each have a score range of 0 to 60, and the Integrated Reasoning and Analytical Writing sections each have a score range of 0 to 8.

International English Language Testing System (IELTS)

The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) is a standardized test used to assess the English language proficiency of individuals who plan to study or work in English-speaking countries. The test is designed to measure an individual's ability to understand and use the English language in academic and professional settings.

The IELTS is offered in two formats: the Academic format, which is intended for individuals who plan to study at a higher education institution, and the General Training format, which is intended for individuals who plan to work or undertake training in an English-speaking country.

The IELTS test consists of four components: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. The Listening, Reading, and Writing sections are completed in one sitting, while the Speaking section is conducted with a trained examiner on a separate day. The test takes a total of 2 hours and 45 minutes to complete.

The IELTS is considered to be a challenging test, and it requires a significant amount of preparation and practice. The test covers a wide range of topics and requires a strong understanding of grammar, vocabulary, and comprehension skills.

The IELTS is widely recognized by universities, employers, and governments around the world, and it is considered an important factor in the admission process for many academic and professional programs. A strong score on the IELTS can demonstrate an individual's ability to communicate effectively in English, which can be essential for success in a variety of academic and professional settings.

Series 7 Exam (FINRA General Securities Representative Exam)

The Series 7 Exam, also known as the FINRA General Securities Representative Exam, is a standardized test administered by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) in the United States. The Series 7 Exam is required for individuals who wish to become registered representatives of broker-dealers and sell securities such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds.

The Series 7 Exam is a computer-based test that covers a wide range of topics related to the securities industry, including types of securities, federal securities laws, the structure of the securities industry, investment strategies, and ethical and professional practices. The test consists of 125 multiple-choice questions, and test-takers have 225 minutes to complete the exam.

The Series 7 Exam is considered to be a challenging test, and it requires a significant amount of preparation and study. Individuals must complete a training program and pass the Series 7 Exam before they are eligible to sell securities in the United States.

Joint Entrance Examination (JEE)

The Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) is a competitive entrance exam in India for admission to undergraduate engineering programs offered by top engineering colleges across the country, including the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs).

The JEE consists of two exams: JEE Main and JEE Advanced. JEE Main is the first stage of the entrance exam, and it is open to all candidates who have completed their Class 12 (or equivalent) exams. The top performers on JEE Main are eligible to take JEE Advanced, which is the second and final stage of the exam.

JEE Main is a computer-based test that assesses a candidate's understanding of physics, chemistry, and mathematics. The exam consists of 90 multiple-choice questions, and test-takers have three hours to complete the exam.

Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Exam

The Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Exam is a standardized test for individuals who are in the early stages of their engineering careers. The FE Exam is the first step toward becoming a licensed Professional Engineer (PE) in the United States.

The FE Exam is designed to assess a candidate's understanding of basic engineering principles, including mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals, and engineering design. The exam covers a wide range of topics, including:

Mathematics (e.g. calculus, differential equations)

Chemical engineering

Civil engineering

Electrical engineering

Environmental engineering

Mechanical engineering

The FE Exam is a computer-based test, and test-takers have six hours to complete the exam. The exam consists of 110 multiple-choice questions, and it is offered year-round at Pearson VUE testing centres in the United States and internationally.

The FE Exam is considered to be a challenging test, and it requires a significant amount of preparation and study. The exam covers a wide range of topics, and test-takers must have a strong understanding of basic engineering principles and their practical applications.

Passing the FE Exam is an important step toward becoming a licensed PE, and it demonstrates a candidate's mastery of the fundamental principles of engineering. It also demonstrates a candidate's commitment to their chosen profession and their ability to apply their knowledge to real-world engineering problems.

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)

The Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) is a globally recognized certification for information security professionals. The CISSP is administered by (ISC)², a non-profit organization that provides education and certification programs in information security.

The CISSP certification is designed to assess a candidate's knowledge and understanding of information security, including:

Security and risk management

Asset security

Security engineering

Communications and network security

Identity and access management

Security assessment and testing

Security operations

Software development security

To become a CISSP-certified professional, individuals must have at least five years of professional experience in at least two of the eight domains of information security. The CISSP exam consists of 250 multiple-choice questions and is six hours long.

Actuarial Examinations

Actuarial examinations are a series of exams that aspiring actuaries must pass in order to become fully qualified professionals. Actuaries are professionals who use mathematics, statistics, and financial theory to study and solve problems related to insurance and other financial risks.

The actuarial examinations are administered by actuarial organizations, such as the Society of Actuaries (SOA) and the Casualty Actuarial Society (CAS). The exams cover a wide range of topics, including probability, statistics, financial mathematics, and the financial and actuarial models used in the insurance industry.

The actuarial exams are considered to be challenging and demanding, requiring extensive preparation and study. The exams are designed to test a candidate's knowledge and understanding of the underlying principles and concepts of actuarial science.

Architecture Registration Exam (ARE)

The Architecture Registration Exam (ARE) is a standardized exam for individuals seeking to become licensed architects in the United States. The ARE is administered by the National Council of Architectural Registration Boards (NCARB) and is required for licensure in most states.

The ARE covers a wide range of topics related to the practice of architecture, including:

Project management and practice

Programming and analysis

Project planning and design

Construction documents and services

Building systems

Site planning and design

The ARE is a computer-based exam, and test-takers have five hours to complete each division of the exam. There are currently seven divisions of the ARE, each of which covers a specific aspect of the practice of architecture.

The Defense Language Aptitude Battery (DLAB)

The Defense Language Aptitude Battery (DLAB) is a standardized test administered by the United States Department of Defense to assess an individual's aptitude for learning a foreign language. The DLAB is used to determine an individual's suitability for learning a foreign language as part of their military duties.

The DLAB is a multiple-choice exam that assesses an individual's ability to recognize sounds, learn vocabulary, and understand grammar patterns in a foreign language. The test measures a person's ability to learn a language, rather than their proficiency in a specific language.

The DLAB is widely recognized as a challenging and demanding exam, and it requires individuals to have a high level of aptitude for learning foreign languages. The DLAB is designed to assess an individual's ability to learn languages quickly, and it is used to determine which military personnel are best suited for language-related duties.

Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)

The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) is a standardized exam designed to assess the English proficiency of non-native speakers of English. The TOEFL is widely recognized and accepted by colleges and universities, government agencies, and businesses around the world.

The TOEFL assesses an individual's ability to understand and use English in an academic setting. The exam measures a candidate's abilities in reading, writing, speaking, and listening in English, and it provides a comprehensive assessment of their English language skills.

The TOEFL is a computer-based exam, and it typically takes four hours to complete. The exam consists of four sections: Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing. The questions in each section are designed to assess different aspects of English proficiency, and they are designed to simulate real-life academic and linguistic scenarios.

Uniform CPA Examination

The Uniform CPA Exam, also known as the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) Exam, is a standardized exam that assesses the knowledge and skills of individuals seeking to become licensed Certified Public Accountants (CPAs) in the United States. The CPA Exam is developed and administered by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) in partnership with the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA).

The CPA Exam is a computer-based exam, and it consists of four sections: Auditing and Attestation (AUD), Business Environment and Concepts (BEC), Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR), and Regulation (REG). The questions in each section are designed to test a candidate's knowledge of the principles and practices of accounting and financial reporting, as well as their ability to apply this knowledge to real-world situations.

Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB)

The Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) is a standardized exam that is used to assess the knowledge and skills of individuals who are interested in enlisting in the United States military. The ASVAB is administered by the Department of Defense, and it is used to determine an individual's aptitude for various military occupations.

The ASVAB is a multiple-choice exam that consists of ten subtests that cover a range of subjects, including mathematics, verbal reasoning, and science. The subtests are designed to assess an individual's abilities in areas that are relevant to military occupations, such as mechanical comprehension, spatial reasoning, and arithmetic reasoning.

The ASVAB is considered to be a challenging and demanding exam, and it requires individuals to have a high level of knowledge and skills in a variety of subjects. The ASVAB is widely recognized and respected in the military, and it is a valuable asset for individuals who are seeking to enlist in the military and pursue a career in the military.

The California Bar Exam

The California Bar Exam is a standardized exam that is required for individuals who are seeking to become licensed to practice law in the state of California. The exam is administered by the State Bar of California, and it is used to assess an individual's knowledge of California law as well as their ability to apply that knowledge to real-world situations.

The California Bar Exam is a two-day exam that consists of the following components: the first day is the written portion, which includes six one-hour essays and two three-hour performance tests, and the second day is the multiple-choice portion, known as the Multistate Bar Examination (MBE). The MBE covers subjects such as contracts, torts, property, evidence, and constitutional law.

The California Bar Exam is considered to be a challenging and demanding exam, and it requires individuals to have a comprehensive understanding of California law as well as the skills necessary to apply that knowledge to real-world situations. The California Bar Exam is widely recognized and respected in the legal community, and it is a valuable asset for individuals who are seeking to become licensed to practice law in California.

Civil Service Examination

The Civil Service Examination, also known as the Civil Service Exam, is a standardized test used to assess the eligibility of individuals for certain civil service positions in many countries, including the Philippines, India, and the United States. The test is designed to measure an individual's general knowledge, skills, and aptitudes that are relevant to the position they are seeking.

In the Philippines, the Civil Service Examination is administered by the Civil Service Commission and is required for individuals who are seeking to obtain a position in the Philippine government. The examination covers a range of subjects, including general knowledge, English proficiency, and specific subject matter related to the position being sought.

In India, the Civil Service Examination has also known as the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) exam and is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). The exam is considered to be one of the toughest and most competitive exams in India, and it is used to determine eligibility for various high-level positions in the Indian government.

In the United States, the Civil Service Examination is used by federal, state, and local government agencies to assess the eligibility of individuals for certain civil service positions. The examination can cover a range of subjects, including general knowledge, English proficiency, and specific subject matter related to the position being sought.

The Civil Service Examination is considered to be a challenging and demanding exam, and it requires individuals to have a strong general knowledge, good English proficiency, and the necessary skills and aptitudes for the position they are seeking

Note that this list is subjective and the difficulty of an exam may vary depending on an individual's background and abilities.

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kp777 · 2 years

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By Andrew Downie

The Guardian

Oct. 30, 2022

The euphoria of an election victory is fleeting and while many Brazilians will wake up with a hangover after celebrating the defeat of Jair Bolsonaro, president-elect Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva will soon have his own headaches to deal with.

Lula takes power on 1 January 2023 and will be charged with rebuilding and reuniting a nation that has been left damaged and bitterly divided after four years of Bolsonaro’s anarchic far-right policies.

The challenges are immense: 33 million Brazilians face acute hunger and 100 million live in poverty, the highest numbers in years. Bolsonaro’s policies, particularly in the Amazon, have led to Brazil becoming an international pariah.

Lula addressed these and myriad other issues in his victory speech but made it clear his first priority was the one that has accompanied him throughout his long political career: improving the lot of Brazil’s poor.

“We can’t accept it as normal that in this country millions of men, women and children don’t have enough to eat,” he told an adoring crowd. “If we are the world’s third biggest producer of food and the biggest producer of animal protein … we have the duty to guarantee that every Brazilian can eat breakfast, lunch and dinner every day.”

The speech was a more emotive version of a letter he wrote to the Brazilian people last week outlining his priorities.

The letter is filled with ambitious – critics say barely credible – proposals, including equal pay for men and women, clearing all waiting lists for surgeries and medical exams, and getting every infant a place in creche.

The plan was issued without any clear details or costings, but Lula is betting that voters will trust he can repeat his feats from 12 years ago when he left power with approval ratings above 80%.

Like his vow to eradicate hunger, many of his promises are similar to those he made during his first terms in office between 2003 and 2011.

He is promising to build more affordable housing, and take electricity and water cisterns to unconnected and far-flung villages.

Major infrastructure projects like public transportation, energy and water will also be managed as before, with the state banks providing funding.

He has promised tax reform and an increase in the minimum wage.

In a revamp of the internationally lauded Bolsa Familia poverty-relief program, the poorest families will get 600 reais ($110) a month and those with children under six years of age will get an additional 150 reais ($30). The handout comes with a requirement to keep children in school and get all vaccinations.

Quite how he does it all is still an open question – and a very big one.

The commodities boom that financed many of his programs the first time around is over, and he will face a hostile Congress, where Bolsonarismo remains strong.

Many prominent backbenchers are funded by agribusiness and they could be a major obstacle in what will be one of Lula’s highest priority areas, the Amazon.

Deforestation has increased every year since Bolsonaro took power. Lula will halt Bolsonaro’s development-at-all-costs policies that encouraged ranchers, prospectors and loggers to besiege the Amazon and plunder its natural resources.

He promised to “aim for zero deforestation” but will be satisfied if his government can lower deforestation by 83% as was seen under Lula and Dilma between 2003 and 2014.