#Server Hosting Singapore | Explore Tumblr posts and blogs

mariacallous · 6 months ago

Text

The United States Department of Justice on Wednesday announced charges against a 35-year-old Chinese national, Yunhe Wang, accused of operating a massive botnet allegedly linked to billions of dollars in fraud, child exploitation, and bomb threats, among other crimes.

Wang, identified by numerous pseudonyms—Tom Long and Jack Wan, among others—was arrested on May 24 and is accused of distributing malware through various pop-up VPN services, such as “ProxyGate” and “MaskVPN,” and by embedding viruses in internet files distributed via peer-to-peer networks known as torrents.

The malware is said to have compromised computers located in nearly every country in the world, turning them into proxies through which criminals were able to hide their identities while committing countless crimes. According to prosecutors in the US, this included the theft of billions of dollars slated for Covid-19 pandemic relief—funds allegedly stolen by foreign actors posing as unemployed US citizens.

According to an indictment, the infected computers allegedly provided Wang’s customers with a persistent backdoor, allowing them to disguise themselves as any one of the victims of Wang’s malware. This illicit proxy service, known as “911 S5,” launched as early as 2014, the US government says.

“The 911 S5 Botnet infected computers in nearly 200 countries and facilitated a whole host of computer-enabled crimes, including financial frauds, identity theft, and child exploitation,” says FBI director Christopher Wray, who described the illicit service as “likely the world’s largest botnet ever.”

The US Treasury Department has also sanctioned Wang and two other individuals allegedly tied to 911 S5.

Wang is said to have amassed access to nearly 614,000 IP addresses in the US and more than 18 million others worldwide—collectively forming the botnet. 911 S5’s customers were able to filter the IPs geographically to choose where they’d like to appear to be located, down to a specific US zip code, the DOJ claims.

The indictment states that of the 150 dedicated servers used to manage the botnet, as many as 76 were leased by US-based service providers, including the one hosting 911 S5’s client interface, which allowed criminals overseas to purchase goods using stolen credit cards, in many cases for the alleged purpose of circumventing US export laws.

More than half a million fraudulent claims lodged with pandemic relief programs in the United States are allegedly tied to 911 S5. According to the indictment, nearly $6 billion in losses have been linked to IP addresses captured by 911 S5. Many of the IP addresses have been reportedly tied to more insidious crimes, including bomb threats and the trafficking of child sexual abuse material, or CSAM.

“Proxy services like 911 S5 are pervasive threats that shield criminals behind the compromised IP addresses of residential computers worldwide,” says Damien Diggs, the US attorney for the Eastern District of Texas, where the charges against Wang were brought by a grand jury earlier this month.

Adds Nicole Argentieri, head of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division: “These criminals used the hijacked computers to conceal their identities and commit a host of crimes, from fraud to cyberstalking.”

At the time of writing, it is unclear whether these virtual impersonations resulted in any criminal investigations or charges against US-based victims whose IP addresses were hijacked as part of the 911 S5 botnet. WIRED is awaiting a response from the Department of Justice regarding this concern.

According to the Justice Department, law enforcement agencies in Singapore, Thailand, and Germany collaborated with US authorities to effect Wang’s arrest.

Wang faces charges of conspiracy, computer fraud, conspiracy to commit wire fraud, and conspiracy to money laundering, with a maximum penalty of 65 years in prison. The US is also seeking to seize a mountain of luxury cars and goods allegedly owned by Wang, including a 2022 Ferrari Spider valued at roughly half a million dollars as well as a Patek Philippe watch worth potentially several times that amount.

29 notes · View notes

dipta-d · 2 months ago

Text

🌐 Why CreatoHost is Your Top Choice for Web Hosting 🚀

Hey Tumblr! Are you on the hunt for a top-notch web hosting provider? Look no further! At Creato Host, we’re all about providing high-performance, reliable, and secure web hosting services. Here’s why CreatoHost should be your go-to choice for all things web hosting:

💨 Blazing-Fast NVMe SSD Hosting

Upgrade your website’s speed with our NVMe SSD technology! Unlike traditional HDDs, NVMe SSD offer lightning-fast data access and improved performance. Your site will load faster, and your visitors will thank you for it.

🌐 Seamless Domain Registration

Got a great idea for a domain name? We’ve got you covered! CreatoHost offers easy and affordable domain registration, plus free WHOIS protection to keep your personal info safe. From .com to .tech, find the perfect domain extension for your site.

🛠️ Top-Notch Hosting Features

30-Day Money-Back Guarantee: Not satisfied? Get a full refund, no questions asked!

User-Friendly cPanel: Manage your site effortlessly with our optimized control panel.

Weekly Backups: Regular backups mean your data is always safe and sound.

99.99% Uptime Guarantee: Your site stays live and kicking around the clock.

24/7 Friendly Support: Our support team is always here to help with a smile.

🔒 Enhanced Security

Your website’s security is our priority. Enjoy server-level protection and free SSL certificates from Let’s Encrypt, ensuring your data stays safe and secure.

💳 Flexible Payment Options

Pay your way! We accept various payment methods including credit/debit cards, PayPal, and local mobile banking options.

🌍 Global Data Centers

With data centers in the USA, Germany, Netherlands, Singapore, India, and Bangladesh, we deliver top performance no matter where your audience is located.

✨ Easy Management

Our intuitive control panel and Softaculous app installer make managing your website a breeze. Set up your site, manage DNS records, and install apps with just a few clicks.

Ready to take your web presence to the next level? Visit CreatoHost and discover why we’re the best in the business. Let’s make your online dreams a reality!

#domainbd #web hosting #web development

2 notes · View notes

thistransient · 1 year ago

Text

Ah, a perfect illustration for me to muse about KL.

- For some reason I expected KL to follow a similar flow; after all, I was also going back after ten years (and thereby redoing a somewhat malcontent experience with the ex). However, I made many tactical errors here. I did not make solid plans, I waffled and faffed about, unable to decide if I was staying here or going there (inevitably, I stayed as it required the least effort), I had no real meaningful social interaction, I stayed in a hotel with no breakfast, I was bereft when faced with description-less menus in down-to-earth local establishments ("what do you recommend?" or "which is your favourite?" to the server is a very dangerous question indeed). I feel somewhat remorseful that I did not commit to a bit, either complete sloth and hipster cafes, or truly dedicated tourist-ing. I also stayed directly on Jalan Petaling, and found in a strange way (okay maybe I'm really stretching for a complaint here) it detracted from the fun of going in search of the place to be if you're staying smack in the middle of it.

- When I went to Seoul I did research. I had plans. Things to see! Places to go! I stayed at a guesthouse and had some friendly interaction with the host, and daily provided breakfast. Most places I ate at had picture menus for wayward foreigners, or at least I was familiar enough with Korean food and Hangul to figure things out. It was suitable weather for rambling around. I was having a bittersweet life transition ending Chinese class, and revisiting Korea after ten years!

It was also not the weather for extended trotting about outside (I did eventually partake in the time-honoured tropical tradition of walking around the giant multi-storey AC'd mall though).

- This is not to say I didn't enjoy the hipster cafes and art spaces (once I actually got out of bed). Or staying in a hotel room bigger than my own apartment, with nice bedding (even if I never figured out how to turn on the hot water in the shower). But in hindsight it feels kind of a coagulated blur. When I was there, it was an elastic eternity, and now that I'm back, almost as if I never left. Perhaps I simply wasn't in the right frame of mind, or perhaps I was just somewhat brainwashed by the blaring music from the bars across the street until 3 or 4 AM my first few nights there.

- I will say though, I had a very heartening experience being gendered unequivocally correctly around 99% of the time. One thing about Chinese is that with no spoken gendered pronouns and a formal "you", it is very hard to tell how people are perceiving me in Taiwan until they are trying to redirect me to a different bathroom, which is really not the optimal situation in which to find this out. Malaysia is very into the sir/ma'am honorifics. I suspect there is also some effect had by a more conservative, illegal-homosexuality sort of culture where clothes and styling are great determiners of which box one gets sorted into, vs Taipei where it's fair game to assume that maybe you look like that cause you're just really, really gay?

- The metro escalators in KL go much faster than I'm used to an escalator going (I'm not complaining). The metro in KL is also disjointed and confusing and the ticket machines are uncooperative for wrangling.

- I don't want to judge a group of people on a whole based on their hospitality personas, so I'll just say at the least, Malay Malaysians working in customer service are very charming and friendly.

- I really intended to eat a ton of fruit and then I just...didn't, maybe because I am used to buying fruit whole in multi-kilo volumes and eating it at home, but the hotel was not conducive to that at all (no mini fridge, no knives).

- Every time I go to Singapore/Indonesia/Malaysia I come away wanting to learn Malay/Indonesian because it is just so delightful to look at the stack of languages in one piece of signage and have no real idea which word matches up to which in English. (Well, that's not entirely correct, I can recognise some basic things à la "saya suka makan pisang" after those two weeks couchsurfing in Sumatera some years ago. But then, I'm always torn because if I want to learn an Austronesian language I should really just go for Filipino so I can actually understand half my tumblr dash- I cracked open a teach-yourself sort of book at a hostel in Cebu once and my brain simply refused to unlatch its death grip on Chinese at the time, but maybe there's room for another grammar system in there now?)

- On the plane back there were (or so it sounded) at least two children who threw a fit and screamed bloody murder at full lung capacity (I am really not exaggerating here, it was impressive) when we experienced turbulence during takeoff and landing, but I had already put in my hotel earplugs, and simply smiled to myself thinking of how I'd learned, through a visit to Teotihuacán one year, that when the Aztecs sacrificed children to the rain god, the more they cried the better the rains were expected to be.

- For the first time ever at Taoyuan Airport the immigration officer examined my passport in minute detail (even some kind of little magnifying glass thing?) and asked how long I was staying, which reminded me a) I forgot to make myself look presentable and b) I claim to live here but I actually have zero guaranteed right to it at the moment (sleep deprived and not having eaten since breakfast, this threatened to send me into an emotional spiral until I reminded myself of those compounding factors and decided to save that thought for after dinner). I said I was leaving on the 19th (because that is the date for which I still have an unused exit flight). The officer seemed pacified and stamped me in for another 90 days. But maybe it is time to finally put some effort into reestablishing my formal alien residency.

- Last but not least, maybe I should have stayed in KL cause apparently Taiwan is having a heatwave and it's gonna be 39C tomorrow, and KL will be a chilly 31 or so.

#no i don't support human sacrifice but it amuses me to think one man's pain is another man's precipitation #i will say i am slowly learning how to get around my restaurant anxiety #even if it involves hours of online investigation and multiple backup plans #i can and will voluntarily go into and sit down in one alone #sometimes i even have a good time at it too!

6 notes · View notes

server2us · 9 months ago

Text

Selecting the Appropriate Server Rack for Your Company's Needs

Buy Server Rack Singapore is an essential choice for any firm, particularly in a highly educated city like Singapore. When you choose the appropriate server rack, your IT foundation will function at peak performance. When purchasing a server rack in Singapore, size, cooling options, and adaptability are important factors to consider. This article examines the important considerations to assist you in determining which strategy is optimal for the unique requirements of your company.

#hardware #server #internet #server rack #refurbished server singapore #server hosting singapore

0 notes

tintuccongnghe1202 · 14 days ago

Text

VPS Singapore: An In-Depth Review of TrumVPS

In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, having a robust virtual private server (VPS) solution is crucial for businesses and individuals alike. One of the most sought-after options in this domain is VPS Singapore, renowned for its remarkable performance and reliability. In this blog post, we will dive deep into the features, benefits, pros, and cons of VPS Singapore, specifically provided by TrumVPS.

I. Product Features of VPS Singapore

Before we analyze the overall advantages and disadvantages, let’s take a closer look at the core features that VPS Singapore provides:

Advanced Technology Infrastructure

Singapore is recognized as one of the leading technology centers in Asia, boasting modern data centers and a powerful connectivity network.

This infrastructure ensures stable service delivery and high performance, essential for e-commerce enterprises, online media, or bandwidth-intensive services.

High-Speed Connection

Users can experience lightning-fast connection speeds due to Singapore's strategic location and advanced networking capabilities.

This feature reduces latency considerably, which is particularly beneficial for applications requiring real-time processing.

Scalability

One of the significant advantages of using VPS Singapore through TrumVPS is the ability to easily scale resources based on your needs.

Whether you are expanding your business or working on a large project, flexibility in resource allocation is crucial.

Enhanced Security Measures

TrumVPS implements top-notch security protocols, including DDoS protection, firewalls, and regular security updates.

This focus on security helps protect sensitive data and maintain a secure environment for all users.

24/7 Customer Support

TrumVPS offers round-the-clock customer support to assist clients with any queries or technical issues.

Having access to reliable support ensures that your operations run smoothly without unnecessary downtime.

II. Pros and Cons of VPS Singapore

Pros:

High Availability: VPS Singapore guarantees minimal downtime thanks to its advanced infrastructure and redundancy measures.

Performance Optimization: Users benefit from optimized performance due to the dedicated resources allocated to each VPS.

Cost-Effective: Compared to dedicated servers, VPS solutions provide similar performance levels at a fraction of the price.

Localized Data Handling: For businesses operating within Southeast Asia, hosting your website or application in Singapore means faster loading times and better user experience.

Customizable Environment: Users can configure their server environment according to their specific requirements, making it easier to tailor functionalities.

Cons:

Higher Initial Cost: While VPS solutions are more affordable than dedicated servers, they may still be pricier than shared hosting options.

Technical Knowledge Required: Managing a VPS requires a certain level of technical expertise, which may pose a challenge for some users.

Resource Limits: Although VPS solutions offer dedicated resources, there are still upper limits on CPU and RAM compared to dedicated servers.

Potential Over-Provisioning: Some users may overestimate their resource needs, resulting in paying for unused capacity.

Geographic Limitations: While Singapore provides excellent connectivity, users located far from Asia might experience higher latency.

>>>See more: Dịch Vụ Cho Thuê VPS Singapore Tại TRUMVPS

#vps #trumvps #vpssinggapore #vpssing

0 notes

xsosystechnology · 21 days ago

Text

The Xsosys Advantage: Crafting Digital Success Stories One Client at a Time

In the fast-paced world of global commerce, one thing is clear: a strong online presence is no longer optional; it is a necessity. As businesses venture into the digital frontier, they need more than just websites and software—they need a partner that understands the intricacies of online solutions, a partner like Xsosys.

A Glimpse into Xsosys

As a distinguished web development and software development company based in Singapore, Xsosys has made its mark by delivering strategic IT solutions that go beyond client expectations. Their approach is simple yet effective, leveraging well-structured processes broken down into technically intricate sections, all designed to ensure seamless execution.

Let us follow the journey of a small startup that sought the help of this company and experienced first-hand the expertise that makes this firm stand out.

The Client’s Dilemma

A newly launched e-commerce startup had grand ambitions but lacked the digital infrastructure to bring their vision to life. They knew the importance of an attractive website, robust software, and a strong brand identity, but their limited budget and inexperience made them anxious. They had heard about Xsosys—a company known for its exceptional services at competitive prices—and decided to reach out.

From the first consultation, they felt reassured. This company did not just offer standard IT services—they carefully listened to the startup’s goals and presented a tailored strategy that promised to elevate their online presence.

Crafting Digital Brilliance

The project started with the renowned web development team. First came the design phase—an essential step in bringing the client’s ideas to life. The creative designers brought their artistic insight and determination to the table, ensuring that each design was not just visually appealing but also a meaningful reflection of the brand’s identity. Every image, colour scheme, and layout element was carefully chosen to communicate the startup’s vision.

But a website is not just about images. The key lies in the message you communicate to your audience. This is where the company’s technical content writers stepped in. They meticulously crafted content that was not only informative but also embedded with the right keywords to boost search engine rankings. The result? A beautiful website, rich in content, optimized to attract traffic and convert visitors into loyal customers.

With the design and content in place, they took the project to the next level—hosting. The startup’s website was placed on highly sophisticated servers, ensuring fast loading times and virtually no downtime. For a company with an e-commerce platform, this reliability was critical.

But this did not stop there. They took a customized approach to development, ensuring that the website was not just visually impressive but also finely tuned to meet the startup’s specific needs. Whether it was implementing seamless e-commerce solutions or integrating sophisticated software for backend management, this company delivered with precision.

Beyond Web Development

As the start-up’s confidence grew, they expanded their partnership beyond just web development. Brand management services were provided, helping the company build a recognizable and trustworthy brand that resonated with customers. They even guided them through software development, offering scalable solutions that would grow alongside their business.

What the startup appreciated most was that despite the high level of service, the pricing remained competitive. The firm had a clear edge over competitors by offering world-class IT solutions without the exorbitant costs usually associated with such services.

The Xsosys Experience

For the startup, working with the company was more than just a transaction—it was a partnership that made the entire process pleasant and stress-free. Every stage, from design to hosting to development, was handled with care, professionalism, and an eye for detail. And with their innovative and dedicated approach, the start up’s digital transformation was not just successful—it was exceptional.

So, what makes Xsosys truly stand out in the crowded world of web and software development? It is their commitment to delivering customized, cutting-edge solutions while making the experience both affordable and enjoyable for the client.

That is the Xsosys advantage—an advantage that has helped countless businesses, from start-ups to large enterprises, realize their digital dreams and thrive in a competitive online world.

#Software development company Singapore #Custom software development company #Software Development Companies in Singapore #Software Companies in Singapore #Web Application Development Singapore

0 notes

kaisa009 · 1 year ago

Text

How Do I Know When to Migrate to a Singapore VPS?

Managing all types of websites is easy and affordable with VPS hosting solution. Get your site up and running faster with Serverwala Singapore VPS hosting.

#vps singapore #singapore vps #vps server singapore #vps hosting singapore #vps in singapore

0 notes

rdpextra24 · 26 days ago

Text

The AMD Advantage: Superior Dedicated Server Solutions with Ryzen and EPYCE

rdpextra

https://rdpextra.com/wp-content/themes/phox/assets/img/icons/blog-category.svg

In today’s digital landscape, the demand for high-performance, affordable, and secure hosting solutions is more pressing than ever. . AMD has emerged as a leader in this space, with its Ryzen and EPYC™ processors redefining the server market. These cutting-edge solutions offer superior performance at a competitive price point, making them ideal for businesses seeking affordable USA Windows VPS for remote desktops, secure Singapore private RDP with dedicated resources, and GPU RDP hosting with powerful graphics processing.

Why Choose AMD for Dedicated Server Solutions?

AMD has been making waves with its Ryzen and EPYC™ processors, both known for their exceptional multi-core performance, energy efficiency, and affordability. When it comes to hosting services like affordable USA Windows VPS for remote desktops, the hardware under the hood can significantly impact the speed, security, and scalability of your operations.

For instance, AMD EPYC™ processors are designed specifically for server environments, boasting impressive scalability crucial for VPS and dedicated hosting services. Businesses requiring secure Singapore private RDP with dedicated resources can rely on AMD EPYC™ to deliver top-notch security features and seamless performance, ensuring that your data and operations are well-protected while operating in a high-demand environment.

Affordable USA Windows VPS for Remote Desktop

One of the main attractions of AMD-powered servers is their ability to offer affordable USA Windows VPS for remote desktop solutions without sacrificing performance. The Ryzen series, known for its high clock speeds and multi-threading capabilities, ensures that users can run resource-intensive applications like remote desktops smoothly. Whether you’re managing multiple remote connections, running business-critical software, or hosting websites, AMD Ryzen processors provide the speed and stability needed at a competitive price point.

Affordability often comes with concerns about reliability, but with AMD’s Ryzen processors, these concerns are quickly alleviated. By leveraging the power of Ryzen, hosting providers can offer affordable USA Windows VPS for remote desktop services that meet both the performance and budgetary needs of users. Whether you are an individual looking to work remotely or a business needing reliable virtual desktops for your team, AMD-powered VPS solutions provide a robust and scalable environment.

Secure Singapore Private RDP with Dedicated Resources

As businesses grow increasingly concerned about security and privacy, the demand for secure Singapore private RDP with dedicated resources is rising. Singapore, with its strategic location and excellent connectivity, has become a hub for businesses requiring remote access solutions with enhanced security. AMD’s EPYC™ processors, known for their advanced security features such as Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV), offer an ideal solution for businesses needing enhanced privacy and resource isolation.

A secure Singapore private RDP with dedicated resources is critical for industries handling sensitive data, such as financial institutions and healthcare providers. The advanced encryption capabilities of AMD EPYC™ processors ensure that data remains encrypted at all times, reducing the risk of cyber-attacks or data breaches. Coupled with the processor’s ability to manage high workloads and provide dedicated resources, businesses can ensure that their operations remain efficient and secure.

GPU RDP Hosting with Powerful Graphics Processing

In addition to CPU-driven server solutions, AMD also shines in the realm of GPU RDP hosting with powerful graphics processing. As industries like gaming, video editing, and AI development continue to expand, the need for servers that can handle heavy graphics workloads is growing. AMD’s Radeon™ GPUs, when combined with Ryzen and EPYC™ processors, provide the ideal setup for GPU RDP hosting, allowing users to offload intensive graphical tasks to the server, resulting in smoother and faster performance.

GPU RDP hosting with powerful graphics processing is crucial for businesses that need to run graphic-intensive applications remotely. Whether you’re managing complex CAD software, rendering high-definition videos, or training machine learning models, AMD-powered GPU RDP hosting ensures that you get the best performance without overloading your local machine. This makes it an ideal solution for creative professionals and data scientists who need both powerful computing and flexible remote access.

The Perfect Balance of Performance, Security, and Affordability

AMD’s Ryzen and EPYC™ processors strike the perfect balance between performance, security, and affordability. Whether you are looking for affordable USA Windows VPS for a remote desktop, secure Singapore private RDP with dedicated resources, or GPU RDP hosting with powerful graphics processing, AMD’s processors provide a competitive edge. Their multi-core performance ensures that you can scale operations efficiently, while their energy efficiency reduces operational costs, making them a cost-effective choice for businesses of all sizes.

The robust security features of AMD EPYC™ make it ideal for those needing enhanced protection, such as businesses dealing with sensitive data. Meanwhile, the affordability of AMD Ryzen processors makes them accessible to a broader range of users, from individuals to large enterprises, without sacrificing the quality of service.

Conclusion: AMD Powers the Future of Dedicated Server Hosting

As the demand for high-performance, affordable, and secure hosting solutions grows, AMD’s Ryzen and EPYC™ processors stand out as the go-to choice for businesses and individuals alike. Whether you need affordable USA Windows VPS for remote desktop, secure Singapore private RDP with dedicated resources, or GPU RDP hosting with powerful graphics processing, AMD delivers the processing power, security, and cost-efficiency required to meet today’s digital challenges.

With the computing power of AMD Ryzen and EPYC™ processors at your disposal, you can rest assured that your dedicated server hosting solutions are equipped to handle the demands of the modern world. From remote desktops to GPU hosting, AMD continues to lead the way in providing innovative and reliable solutions that help businesses thrive in an ever-evolving technological landscape.

0 notes

vastperhaps · 29 days ago

Text

How I Self-Hosted Llama 3.2 with Coolify on My Home Server: A Step-by-Step Guide - Raymond Yeh | Living in Singapore, Software Engineering, and More

0 notes

airdropbountyevents · 30 days ago

Text

Ocean of APIs TeejLab Inc,Partners with Decentralized Oracle Network Plugin PLI

Ocean of APIs TeejLab Inc,Partners with Decentralized Oracle Network Plugin (PLI)

TeeJLab is an Ocean of APIs and partnership will provide node operators & data feed providers of Plugin, a seamless way of API’s exploration & setting up the jobs for the end users’ consumption.

Plugin provides tamper-proof inputs, outputs, and computations to support advanced smart contracts in XDC Network. View Video — Weather Node Use Case by Plugin — A Decentralized Oracle on XDC Network — YouTube

TeejLab is at the forefront of applying Data Science and Machine Learning to help organizations with evolving challenges of the API Economy. The first and only industry solution designed for API Governance at enterprises of a global scale.

By partnering with TeejLab, Plugin is proving to be a way ahead in terms of securing their ecosystem with healthy data feeds.

With more than 50,000 API endpoints available with TeejLab, it has clear information on each endpoint such as the hosting server, endpoint health, availability, sample response, and everything. So, data feed providers / node operators will be able to reduce their exploration cost dramatically and just get the job setup in no time.

Plugin have signed a Memorandum of understanding (MoU) with TeejLab and are in the process of onboarding TeejLab as Master Node Operator. Currently, the business enablement is in progress & it will take a week or two to provide a direction to the community members.

Plugin wants to ensure that the community also owns responsibility by participating competitively in this ecosystem. In addition to this partnership, Plugin is also working on other use cases which will electrify the community members.

About Plugin

Plugin (PLI) is a decentralized Oracle Platform that provides cost-effective solutions to any smart contract which runs on XinFin XDC Network EcoSystem. Pugin enables smart contract to connect with the real-time world and the data that it receives from the data feed partner is trustable by maintaining a high degree of security. Off-chain computation takes care of receiving a feed from multiple providers and aggregates the same. Visit goplugin.co for more information

About TeejLab

TeejLab Inc. is a research-driven technology company. They specialize in Cybersecurity, Technical Legal Compliance, Database Management, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, and Software Engineering. They are supported by experienced professionals that develop innovative solutions. These solutions help enterprises adopt and monetize various data-driven innovations such as APIs without sacrificing the privacy, security, & integrity of their data. TeejLab Inc. leverages ML, NLP, and other data science-driven technologies to quantify and mitigate enterprise compliance and security risks. Visit teejlab.com for more information. Contact: Vinod Khurana @ Suvik Technologies FZE Sharjah Research, Technology and Innovation Park. Al Sharjah, United Arab Emirates https://goplugin.co/

Media Contact: Organization: Synergy Global Enterprise LLC Name: Gopi Divecha Address: 111 North Bridge Road #21–01, Singapore 179098 Website: https://pixelproduction.com/ Email: [email protected] WhatsApp: https://wa.me/+6586940671

#crypto #blockchain #PLI Token #Plugin Token

0 notes

jcmarchi · 1 month ago

Text

A Poisoning Attack Against 3D Gaussian Splatting

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/a-poisoning-attack-against-3d-gaussian-splatting/

A Poisoning Attack Against 3D Gaussian Splatting

A new research collaboration between Singapore and China has proposed a method for attacking the popular synthesis method 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS).

The new attack method uses crafted source data to overload the available GPU memory of the target system, and to make training so lengthy as to potentially incapacitate the target server, equivalent to a denial-of-service (DOS) attack. Source: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.08190

The attack uses crafted training images of such complexity that they are likely to overwhelm an online service that allows users to create 3DGS representations.

This approach is facilitated by the adaptive nature of 3DGS, which is designed to add as much representational detail as the source images require for a realistic render. The method exploits both crafted image complexity (textures) and shape (geometry).

The attack system ‘poison-splat’ is aided by a proxy model that estimates and iterates the potential of source images to add complexity and Gaussian Splat instances to a model, until the host system is overwhelmed.

The paper asserts that online platforms – such as LumaAI, KIRI, Spline and Polycam – are increasingly offering 3DGS-as-a-service, and that the new attack method – titled Poison-Splat – is potentially capable of pushing the 3DGS algorithm towards ‘its worst computation complexity’ on such domains, and even facilitate a denial-of-service (DOS) attack.

According to the researchers, 3DGS could be radically more vulnerable other online neural training services. Conventional machine learning training procedures set parameters at the outset, and thereafter operate within constant and relatively consistent levels of resource usage and power consumption. Without the ‘elasticity’ that Gaussian Splat requires for assigning splat instances, such services are difficult to target in the same manner.

Furthermore, the authors note, service providers cannot defend against such an attack by limiting the complexity or density of the model, since this would cripple the effectiveness of the service under normal use.

From the new work, we see that a host system which limits the number of assigned Gaussian Splats cannot function normally, since the elasticity of these parameters is a fundamental feature of 3DGS.

The paper states:

‘[3DGS] models trained under these defensive constraints perform much worse compared to those with unconstrained training, particularly in terms of detail reconstruction. This decline in quality occurs because 3DGS cannot automatically distinguish necessary fine details from poisoned textures.

‘Naively capping the number of Gaussians will directly lead to the failure of the model to reconstruct the 3D scene accurately, which violates the primary goal of the service provider. This study demonstrates more sophisticated defensive strategies are necessary to both protect the system and maintain the quality of 3D reconstructions under our attack.’

In tests, the attack has proved effective both in a loosely white-box scenario (where the attacker has knowledge of the victim’s resources), and a black box approach (where the attacker has no such knowledge).

The authors believe that their work represents the first attack method against 3DGS, and warn that the neural synthesis security research sector is unprepared for this kind of approach.

The new paper is titled Poison-splat: Computation Cost Attack on 3D Gaussian Splatting, and comes from five authors at the National University of Singapore, and Skywork AI in Beijing.

Method

The authors analyzed the extent to which the number of Gaussian Splats (essentially, three-dimensional ellipsoid ‘pixels’) assigned to a model under a 3DGS pipeline affects the computational costs of training and rendering the model.

The authors study reveals a clear correlation between the number of assigned Gaussians and training time costs, as well as GPU memory usage.

The right-most figure in the image above indicates the clear relationship between image sharpness and the number of Gaussians assigned. The sharper the image, the more detail is seen to be required to render the 3DGS model.

The paper states*:

‘[We] find that 3DGS tends to assign more Gaussians to those objects with more complex structures and non-smooth textures, as quantified by the total variation score—a metric assessing image sharpness. Intuitively, the less smooth the surface of 3D objects is, the more Gaussians the model needs to recover all the details from its 2D image projections.

‘Hence, non-smoothness can be a good descriptor of complexity of [Gaussians]’

However, naively sharpening images will tend to affect the semantic integrity of the 3DGS model so much that an attack would be obvious at the early stages.

Poisoning the data effectively requires a more sophisticated approach. The authors have adopted a proxy model method, wherein the attack images are optimized in an off-line 3DGS model developed and controlled by the attackers.

On the left, we see a graph representing the overall cost of computation time and GPU memory occupancy on the MIP-NeRF360 ‘room’ dataset, demonstrating native performance, naïve perturbation and proxy-driven data. On the right, we see that naïve perturbation of the source images (red) leads to quickly catastrophic results too early in the process. By contrast, we see that the proxy-guided source images maintain a more stealthy and cumulative attack method.

The authors state:

‘It is evident that the proxy model can be guided from non-smoothness of 2D images to develop highly complex 3D shapes.

‘Consequently, the poisoned data produced from the projection of this over-densified proxy model can produce more poisoned data, inducing more Gaussians to fit these poisoned data.’

The attack system is constrained by a 2013 Google/Facebook collaboration with various universities, so that the perturbations remain within bounds designed to allow the system to inflict damage without affecting the recreation of a 3DGS image, which would be an early signal of an incursion.

Data and Tests

The researchers tested poison-splat against three datasets: NeRF-Synthetic; Mip-NeRF360; and Tanks-and-Temples.

They used the official implementation of 3DGS as a victim environment. For a black box approach, they used the Scaffold-GS framework.

The tests were carried out on a NVIDIA A800-SXM4-80G GPU.

For metrics, the number of Gaussian splats produced were the primary indicator, since the intention is to craft source images designed to maximize and exceed rational inference of the source data. The rendering speed of the target victim system was also considered.

The results of the initial tests are shown below:

Full results of the test attacks across the three datasets. The authors observe that they have highlighted attacks that successfully consume more than 24GB of memory. Please refer to the source paper for better resolution.

Of these results, the authors comment:

‘[Our] Poison-splat attack demonstrates the ability to craft a huge extra computational burden across multiple datasets. Even with perturbations constrained within a small range in [a constrained] attack, the peak GPU memory can be increased to over 2 times, making the overall maximum GPU occupancy higher than 24 GB.

[In] the real world, this may mean that our attack may require more allocable resources than common GPU stations can provide, e.g., RTX 3090, RTX 4090 and A5000. Furthermore [the] attack not only significantly increases the memory usage, but also greatly slows down training speed.

‘This property would further strengthen the attack, since the overwhelming GPU occupancy will last longer than normal training may take, making the overall loss of computation power higher.’

The progress of the proxy model in both a constrained and an unconstrained attack scenario.

The tests against Scaffold-GS (the black box model) are shown below. The authors state that these results indicate that poison-splat generalizes well to such a different architecture (i.e., to the reference implementation).

Test results for black box attacks on NeRF-Synthetic and the MIP-NeRF360 datasets.

The authors note that there have been very few studies centering on this kind of resource-targeting attacks at inference processes. The 2020 paper Energy-Latency Attacks on Neural Networks was able to identify data examples that trigger excessive neuron activations, leading to debilitating consumption of energy and to poor latency.

Inference-time attacks were studied further in subsequent works such as Slowdown attacks on adaptive multi-exit neural network inference, Towards Efﬁciency Backdoor Injection, and, for language models and vision-language models (VLMs), in NICGSlowDown, and Verbose Images.

Conclusion

The Poison-splat attack developed by the researchers exploits a fundamental vulnerability in Gaussian Splatting – the fact that it assigns complexity and density of Gaussians according to the material that it is given to train on.

The 2024 paper F-3DGS: Factorized Coordinates and Representations for 3D Gaussian Splatting has already observed that Gaussian Splatting’s arbitrary assignment of splats is an inefficient method, that frequently also produces redundant instances:

‘[This] inefficiency stems from the inherent inability of 3DGS to utilize structural patterns or redundancies. We observed that 3DGS produces an unnecessarily large number of Gaussians even for representing simple geometric structures, such as flat surfaces.

‘Moreover, nearby Gaussians sometimes exhibit similar attributes, suggesting the potential for enhancing efficiency by removing the redundant representations.’

Since constraining Gaussian generation undermines quality of reproduction in non-attack scenarios, the growing number of online providers that offer 3DGS from user-uploaded data may need to study the characteristics of source imagery in order to determine signatures that indicate a malicious intention.’

In any case, the authors of the new work conclude that more sophisticated defense methods will be necessary for online services in the face of the kind of attack that they have formulated.

* My conversion of the authors’ inline citations to hyperlinks

First published Friday, October 11, 2024

0 notes