#Scott Swope | Explore Tumblr posts and blogs

ramrodd · 1 year ago

Video

youtube

Tim Scott, The Debt Ceiling and the NAACP: With April Ryan and Tara Setm...

COMMENTARY:

I hope this is the pre=production for your announcement for the Oval Office as the Party of Lincoln candidate If the Lincoln Project means what it says about restoring the adult leadership to the GOP. you are that person. You aren't the Republican Obama. You are the Second Coming of Lincoln in a Putney Swope kind of way. My dad was working on your candidacy when I was in ROTC summer camp just before the Chicago Police riots at the Democratic National Convention, when when Gore Vidal exposed the inner John Birch Society of he Ivy League Socialism of William F. Buckley and the John BIrch Society.

I want you to run on the Build Back Better captial budge and a promise to install the Trump Hotle Broand on the moon by 2028 if you could start right now with the campatn theme/ WOKE = Niffer Lover. That's what Abraham Lincoln was all about and Grant tried to implement. Dad was working with the head of the Hampton Institute Professor of Military Science, Major Montgomery, in the transformation of Hampton Institute into Hampton Univerity, Home of the Pirates. You are exactly the sort of graduate the school was created to produce. If you are into Heidegger's Existentialism, a four year ROTC graduate as Putnew Swope. This is where the Beniinig Road Beauty Shop comes in.

I also want you to run on the Stage 3 of Home Rule 50 years of Hip Hop and 50 years of Home Rule and as an official woke white guy who has been using Critical Race Theory since 1971 as a counter-insurgence agenda to end white supremacy of the Fresh Water economics of the Ivy League Socialism of the John Birch Society. The LSA has had a Ivy League Socialism bias since it was created to ensure legacy white prive privilege would make sure a graduate of George Town Day like Brett Kavanaug hit all the bullet points he had to to get tenure on the Supreme Court,. I endose tenure. I do not endorse the Fresh Water Fascism of the SCOTUS majority's undiluted Ivy League Socialism .

This is fixable, The Slat Water economics of the Binning Road Beauty Shop was the guiding vison of my dad and Major Montgomery, who was the Commanding Officer of my ROTC summer camp platoon in 1968. he was wonderful, right out of the Buffalo Soldiers. Black Jack Pershing was woke, which is why they called him "Black Jack": John Prshing, the nigger lover. His example, in absolute moral contrast to my cousin, Woody Wilson ( so called be cause he had a perpetual hard-on characteristic of presbyterian slave owners. My dad and I are from the Black Jack Pershing, League of Nations side of the family, referred to, politely at family reunions, as "worke".

Bring Mitt Romney on and talk about Kac Kemp. Jack Kemp is the GOP's Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Jack Kemp's tenure at HUD is the foundation of Muriel Bowser's Affordable Housing agenda that is the leading edge of Stage 3 of Home Rule: the second coming of Chuck Brown and Bob Marley.

Visualize Whirled Peas

#youtube

0 notes

todaysdocument · 4 years ago

Photo

Roll Call Tally on the Expulsion of Preston Brooks, 7/14/1856

After Preston Brooks beat Charles Sumner nearly to death with a cane in the Senate chamber, the House voted on whether to expel him from Congress. They failed to reach the two-thirds majority needed.

Series: General Records, 1791 - 2010

Record Group 233: Records of the U.S. House of Representatives, 1789 - 2015

Transcription:

July 14. 1856

On LD Campbells 1st Resn from Sel Com

THIRTY-FOURTH CONGRESS

FIRST SESSION

335

[column one]

YEA | NAMES. | NAY.

|William Aiken...S.C. | 1

1 | Charles J. Albright...Ohio. |

| James C. Allen...Ill. | 2

2| John Allison...Penn. |

3 | Edward Ball...Ohio |

4 | Lucian Barbour...Ind. |

|David Barclay [struck through] |

| William Barksdale...Miss. | 3

| P.H. Bell...Texas. | 4

5 | Henry Bennett...N.Y. |

| Hendley S. Bennett...Miss. | 5

6 | Samuel P. Benson...Me. |

7 | Charles Billinghurst...Wis |

8 | John A. Bingham...Ohio |

9 | James Bishop...N.J. |

10 | Philemon Bliss...Ohio |

| Thomas S. Bocock...Va. | 6

| Thomas F. Bowie...Md. | 7

| William W. Boyce...S.C. | 8

11 | Samuel C. Bradshaw...Penn. |

| Lawrence O'B. Braneh...N.C. | 9

12 | Samuel Brenton...Ind. |

| Preston S. Brooks [struck through]...S.C. |

13 | Jacob Broom...Penn. |

14 | James Buffinton...Mass. |

15 | Anson Burlingame...Mass. |

| Henry C. Burnett...Ky. | 10

| John Cadwalader...Penn. | 11

16 | James H. Campbell...Penn. |

|John P. Campbell [struck through]...Ky. |

17 | Lewis D. Campbell...Ohio |

| John S. Carlile...Va. | 12

| Samuel Caruthers [struck through]...Mo. |

| John S. Caskie...Va. | 13

18 | Calvin C. Chaffee...Mass. |

| Thomas Child, jr [struck through] ...N.Y. |

19 | Bayard Clarke...N.Y. |

20 | Ezra Clark, jr...Conn. |

21 | Isaiah D. Clawson...N.J. |

| Thomas L. Clingman...N.C. | 14

| Howell Cobb...Ga. | 15

| Williamson R.W. Cobb...Ala. | 16

22 | Schuyler Colfax...Ind. |

23 | Linus B. Comins...Mass. |

24 | John Covode...Penn. |

| Leander M. Cox...Ky. | 17

25 | Aaron H. Cragin...N.H. |

| Burton Craige...N.C. | 18

| Martin J. Crawford...Ga. | 19

| Elisha D. Cullen [struck through]...Del. |

26 | William Cumback...Ind. |

27 | William S. Damrell...Mass. |

| Thomas G. Davidson...La. | 20

| H. Winter Davis...Md. | 21

28 | Timothy Davis...Mass. |

29 | Timothy C. Day...Ohio. |

30 | Sidney Dean...Conn. |

| James W. Denver...Cal. | 22

31| Ale["xander" struck through] De Witt...Mass. |

[Column Two]

YEA. | NAMES. | NAY.

32 | John Dick...Penn. |

33 | Samuel Dickson...N.Y. |

34 | Edward Dodd...N.Y. |

| James F. Dowdell...Ala. | 23

35 | George G. Dunn...Ind. |

36 | Nathaniel B. Durfee...R.I. |

37 | John R. Edie...Penn. |

| Henry A. Edmundson [struck through] ...Va. | 1

38 | Francis S. Edwards...N.Y. |

| John M. Elliott...Ky. | 24

39 | J Reece Emrie...Ohio. |

| William H. English...Ind. | 25

| Emerson Etheridge...Tenn. | 26

| George Eustis, jr...La. | 27

| Lemuel D. Evans...Texas. | 28

| Charles J. Faulkner...Va. | 29

| Thomas T. Flagler [struck through]...N.Y. |

| Thomas B. Florence...Penn. | 30

| Nathaniel G. Foster...Ga. | - 31

| Henry M. Fuller [struck through] ...Penn. |

| Thomas J. D. Fuller [struck through] ...Me. |

40 | Samuel Galloway...Ohio. |

41 | Joshua R. Giddings...Ohio. |

42 | William A. Gilbert...N.Y. |

| William O. Goode...Va. | 32

43 | Amos P. Granger...N.Y. |

| Alfred B. Greenwood...Ark. | 33

44 | Galusha A. Grow...Penn. |

| Augustus Hall...Iowa. | 34

45 | Robert B. Hall...Mass |

46 | Aaron Harlan...Ohio. |

| J. Morrison Harris...Md. | 35

| Sampson W. Harris...Ala. | 36

| Thomas L. Harris...Ill. | 37

| John Scott Harrison...Ohio. | 38

47 | Solomon G. Haven...N.Y. |

| Philemon T. Herbert...Cal. |

48 | John Hickman...Penn. |

49 | Henry W. Hoffman...Md. |

50 | David P. Holloway...Ind. |

51 | Thomas R. Horton...N.Y. |

52 | Valentine B. Horton...Ohio. |

| George S. Houston...Ala. | 39

53 | William A. Howard...Mich. |

54 | Jonas A. Hughston...N.Y. |

| Joshua H. Jewett...Ky. | 40

| George W. Jones...Tenn. | 41

| J. Glancy Jones...Penn. | 42

| Lawrence M. Keitt...S.C. | 43

| John Kelly...N.Y. | 44

55 | William H. Kelsey...N.Y. |

| Luther M. Kennett...Mo. | 45

| Zedekiah Kidwell...Va. | 46

56 | Rufus H. King...N.Y. |

57 | Chauncey L. Knapp...Mass. |

58 | Jonathan Knight...Penn. |

59 | Ebenezer Knowlton...Me. |

60 | James Knox...Ill. |

61 | John C. Kunkel...Penn. |

[Column Three]

YEA. | NAMES. | NAY.

| William A. Lake...Miss. | 47

62 | Benjamin F. Leiter...Ohio. |

| John Letcher...Va. | 48

| James J. Lindley...Mo. | 49

| John H. Lumpkin...Ga. | 50

| Daniel Mace [struck through] ...Ind. |

| Alexander K. Marshall...Ky. | 51

| Humphrey Marshall...Ky. | 52

| Samuel S Marshall...Ill. | 53

63 | Orsamus B. Matteson...N.Y. |

| Augustus E. Maxwell...Fla. | 54

64 | Andrew Z. McCarty...N.Y. |

| Fayette McMullin...Va. | 55

| John McQueen...S.C. | 56

65 | James Meacham...Vt. |

66 | Killian Miller...N.Y. |

| Smith Miller...Ind. | 57

| John S. Millson...Va. | 58

67 | William Millward...Penn. |

68 | Oscar F. Moore...Ohio. |

69 | Edwin B. Morgan...N.Y. |

70 | Justin S. Morrill...Vt. |

71 | Richard Mott...i o |

72 | Ambrose S. Murray...N.Y. |

73 | Matthias H. Nichols...Ohio |

74 | Jesse O. Norton...Ill. |

75 | Andrew Oliver...N.Y. |

| Mordecai Oliver...Mo. | 59

| James L. Orr...S.C. | 60

76 | Asa Packer...Penn. |

| Robert T. Paine [struck through] ...N.C. |

77 | John M. Parker...N.Y. |

78 | John J. Pearce...Penn. |

79 | George W. Peek...Mich. |

80 | Guy R. Pelton...N.Y. |

81 | Alexander C.M. Pennington. N.J. |

82 | John J. Perry...Me. |

83 | John U. Pettit...Ind. |

| John S. Phelps...Mo. | 61

84 | James Pike...N.H. |

| Gilchrist Porter...Mo. | 62

| Paulus Powell...Va. | 63

85 | Benjamin Pringle...N.Y. |

86 | Samuel A. Purviance...Penn. |

| Richard C. Puryear...N.C. | 64

| John A. Quitman...Miss. | 65

| Edwin G. Reade...N.C. | 66

| Charles Ready...Tenn. | 67

| James B. Ricaud...Md. | 68

| William A. Richardson [struck through] ...Ill. |

87 | David Ritchie...Penn. |

| Thomas Rivers...Tenn. | 69

88 | George R. Robbins...N.J. |

89 | Anthony E. Roberts...Penn |

90 | David F. Robison...Penn. |

| Thomas Ruffin...N.C. | 70

| Albert Rust...Ark. | 71

[Column Four]

YEA. | NAMES. | NAY.

91 | Alvah Sabin...Vt. |

92 | Russell Sage...N.Y. |

| John M. Sandidge...La. | 72

93 | William R. Sapp...Ohio. |

| John H. Savage...Tenn. | 73

94 | Harvey D. Scott...Ind. |

| James L. Seward...Ga. | 74

95 | John Sherman...Ohio. |

| Eli S Shorter...Ala. | 75

96 | George A. Simmons...N.Y. |

| Samuel A. Smith...Tenn. | 76

| William Smith...Va. | 77

| William R. Smith...Ala. | 78

| William H. Sneed...Tenn. | 79

97 | Francis E. Spinner...N.Y. |

98 | Benjamin Stanton...Ohio. |

| Alexander H. Stephens...Ga. | 80

| James A. Stewart...Md. | 81

99 | James S.T. Stranahan...N.Y. |

| Samuel F. Swope...Ky. | 82

| Albert G. TAlbott...Ky. | 83

100 | Mason W. Tappan...N.H. |

| Miles Taylor...La. | 84

101 | James Thorington...Iowa. |

102 | Benjamin B. Thurston...R.I. |

103 | Lemuel Todd...Penn. |

104 | Mark Trafton...Mass |

| Robert P. Trippe...Ga. | 85

105 | Job R. Tyson...Penn. |

| Warner L. Underwood...Ky. | 86

106 | George Vail...N.J. |

| William W. Valk [struck through] ...N.Y. |

107 | Edward Wade...Ohio. |

108 | Abram Wakeman...N.Y.

109 | David S. Walbridge...Mich. |

110 | Henry Waldron...Mich |

| Percy Walker...Ala. | 87

| Hiram Warner...Ga. | 88

111 | Cadwalader C. Washburne, Wis. |

112 | Ellihu B. Washburne...Ill. |

113 | Israel Washburn, jr...Me. |

| Albert G. Watkins...Tenn. | 89

114 | Cooper K. Watson...Ohio.|

115 | William W. Welch...Conn. |

116 | Daniel Wells, jr...Wis. |

| John Wheeler...N.Y. | 90

117 | Thomas R. Whitney...N.Y. |

118 | John Williams...N.Y. |

| Warren Winslow...N.C. | 91

119 | John M. Wood...Me. |

120 | John Woodruff...Conn. |

121 | James H. Woodworth...Ill. |

| Daniel B. Wright...Miss. | 92

| John V. Wright...Tenn. | 93

| Felix K. Zollicoffer...Tenn. | 94

[end columns]

MAY 21, 1856

NATHANIEL P. BANKS, JR., of Massachusetts, Speaker.

ex [sideways]

Y 121

N 95

#archivesgov #July 14 #1856 #1800s #antebellum #slavery #Kansas-Nebraska Act #violence #U.S. Congress #Senate

49 notes · View notes

swanlake1998 · 4 years ago

Photo

roman brooks, samuel smalls, and walter raines photographed performing in william scott’s every now and then by martha swope

#ballet #ballerino #roman brooks #samuel smalls #walter raines #martha swope

11 notes · View notes

projazznet · 6 years ago

Photo

Woody Herman – The Second Herd Live In Hollywood (1948)

“Woody Herman’s Second Herd came of age during a year (1948) when, due to a recording strike, very few records were made. This CD contains three radio broadcasts and gives listeners a good idea of what it was like to see the big band live. With such major players as trumpeter/arranger Shorty Rogers, trombonist Earl Swope, guitarist Jimmy Raney, baritonist Serge Chaloff, and the tenors of Al Cohn, Stan Getz, and Zoot Sims, this was a powerhouse unit that was pretty modern for the time. Mary Ann McCall and Woody Herman take occasional vocals, and there are some dance numbers, but it is the jazz tunes (such as “Half Past Jumping Time,” “Non Alcoholic,” “Tiny’s Blues,” “The Goof and I,” and “Four Brothers”) that make this a fairly significant release.” – Scott Yanow/AllMusic.

#jazz #swing #bigband #bandleader #WoodyHerman

2 notes · View notes

azspot · 6 years ago

Link

“Unexpected” doesn’t begin to describe it. As A.O. Scott wrote in his New York Times review, “If Mike Judge’s ‘Office Space’ and Robert Downey Sr.’s ‘Putney Swope’ hooked up after a night of bingeing on hallucinogens, Marxist theory and the novels of Paul Beattyand Colson Whitehead, the offspring might look something like this.”

#movies #rhetoric

2 notes · View notes

juicemagazine · 7 years ago

Photo

“There is no denying the fact that skaters who also surf, or grew up surfing first, seem to have a very natural and beautiful style. Chris Miller comes to mind, including other rippers like Dylan Rieder. I really miss him! All of the Fletchers: Herbie, Christian, Nathan, Greyson; the Florence Ohana: John John, Nathan, Ivan and mom; Alexandra, Steve Olson, Duane Peters, Keith Meek, Aaron Murray, Scott Oster, Natas Kaupas, Jesse Martinez, Jason Jessee, Chris Senn, Omar Hassan and Mark Partain all do both! Then there are even younger guys like Curren Caples, Evan Mock, Heimana Reynolds and Kalani David. Then you have skateboarders who got into surfing afterwards like Bo Ikeda and Elissa Steamer, including myself. Now even Mark Gonzales is surfing! I’ll always remember taking the Gonz out surfing in Waikiki during the ‘90s and pushing him into a grip of waves and watching him riding towards the shoreline. Priceless moments! And one last thing. Being that I rode for Alva Skates in the ‘80s, whenever peeps ask me about TA, I often tell ‘em that one of the raddest things about Alva was, no matter what you’ve heard about him, TA skated or surfed or did both, every single day! I always thought that was super rad because TA has always been like that ever since his youth. He lives for it and lives it! Some of the raddest humans that I know do both. Give it a try and I bet you’ll understand why they do. All Hail Larry Bertlemann and Buttons Kaluhiokalani!” - Jef Hartsel @JuiceMagazine #75 #skate #surf #style #skateboarding #surfskatestyle #inspiration #jefhartsel #surfskate #familia #fun #AlohaFriday #thefineprint #juicemagazine #surfskatestyleissue #wecomefromthesea #belikewater #backgroundprops #hosoi #dressen #swope @art_is_tree

4 notes · View notes

s-c-i-guy · 7 years ago

Photo

Neutron-Star Collision Shakes Space-Time and Lights Up the Sky

A neutron star collision led to a rumble of gravitational waves and a worldwide race to spot the resulting kilonova. The dozens of studies coming out of the effort will “go down in the history of astronomy.”

On Aug. 17, the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detected something new. Some 130 million light-years away, two super-dense neutron stars, each as small as a city but heavier than the sun, had crashed into each other, producing a colossal convulsion called a kilonova and sending a telltale ripple through space-time to Earth.

When LIGO picked up the signal, the astronomer Edo Berger was in his office at Harvard University suffering through a committee meeting. Berger leads an effort to search for the afterglow of collisions detected by LIGO. But when his office phone rang, he ignored it. Shortly afterward, his cellphone rang. He glanced at the display to discover a flurry of missed text messages:

Edo, check your email!

Pick up your phone!

“I kicked everybody out that very moment and jumped into action,” Berger said. “I had not expected this.”

LIGO’s pair of ultrasensitive detectors in Louisiana and Washington state made history two years ago by recording the gravitational waves coming from the collision of two black holes — a discovery that earned the experiment’s architects the Nobel Prize in Physics this month. Three more signals from black hole collisions followed the initial discovery.

Yet black holes don’t give off light, so making any observations of these faraway cataclysms beyond the gravitational waves themselves was unlikely. Colliding neutron stars, on the other hand, produce fireworks. Astronomers had never seen such a show before, but now LIGO was telling them where to look, which sent teams of researchers like Berger’s scurrying to capture the immediate aftermath of the collision across the full range of electromagnetic signals. In total, more than 70 telescopes swiveled toward the same location in the sky.

They struck the motherlode. In the days after Aug. 17, astronomers made successful observations of the colliding neutron stars with optical, radio, X-ray, gamma-ray, infrared and ultraviolet telescopes. The enormous collaborative effort, detailed today in dozens of papers appearing simultaneously in Physical Review Letters, Nature, Science, Astrophysical Journal Letters and other journals, has not only allowed astrophysicists to piece together a coherent account of the event, but also to answer longstanding questions in astrophysics.

“In one fell swoop, gravitational wave measurements” have opened “a window onto nuclear astrophysics, neutron star demographics and physics and precise astronomical distances,” said Scott Hughes, an astrophysicist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research. “I can’t describe in family-friendly words how exciting that is.”

Today, Berger said, “will go down in the history of astronomy.”

X Marks the Spot

When Berger got the calls, emails, and the automated official LIGO alert with the probable coordinates of what appeared to be a neutron-star merger, he knew that he and his team had to act quickly to see its aftermath using optical telescopes.

The timing was fortuitous. Virgo, a new gravitational-wave observatory similar to LIGO’s two detectors, had just come online in Europe. The three gravitational-wave detectors together were able to triangulate the signal. Had the neutron-star merger occurred a month or two earlier, before Virgo started taking data, the “error box,” or area in the sky that the signal could have come from, would have been so large that follow-up observers would have had little chance of finding anything.

The LIGO and Virgo scientists had another stroke of luck. Gravitational waves produced by merging neutron stars are fainter than those from black holes and harder to detect. According to Thomas Dent, an astrophysicist at the Albert Einstein Institute in Hannover, Germany, and a member of LIGO, the experiment can only sense neutron-star mergers that occur within 300 million light-years. This event was far closer — at a comfortable distance for both LIGO and the full range of electromagnetic telescopes to observe it.

But at the time, Berger and his colleagues didn’t know any of that. They had an agonizing wait until sunset in Chile, when they could use an instrument called the Dark Energy Camera mounted on the Victor M. Blanco telescope there. The camera is great when you don’t know precisely where you’re looking, astronomers said, because it can quickly scan a very large area of the sky. Berger also secured use of the Very Large Array (VLA) in central New Mexico, the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile and the space-based Chandra X-ray Observatory. (Other teams that received the LIGO alert asked to use VLA and ALMA as well.)

A few hours later, data from the Dark Energy Camera started coming in. It took Berger’s team 45 minutes to spot a new bright light source. The light appeared to come from a galaxy called NGC 4993 in the constellation Hydra that had been pointed out in the LIGO alert, and at approximately the distance where LIGO had suggested they look.

“That got us really excited, and I still have the email from a colleague saying ‘Holy [smokes], look at that bright source near this galaxy!’” Berger said. “All of us were kind of shocked,” since “we didn’t think we would succeed right away.” The team had expected a long slog, maybe having to wade through multiple searches after LIGO detections for a couple of years until eventually spotting something. “But this just stood out,” he said, “like when an X marks the spot.”

Meanwhile, at least five other teams discovered the new bright light source independently, and hundreds of researchers made various follow-up observations. David Coulter, an astronomer at University of California, Santa Cruz, and colleagues used the Swope telescope in Chile to pinpoint the event’s exact location, while Las Cumbres Observatory astronomers did so with the help of a robotic network of 20 telescopes around the globe.

For Berger and the rest of the Dark Energy Camera follow-up team, it was time to call in the Hubble Space Telescope. Securing time on the veteran instrument usually takes weeks, if not months. But for extraordinary circumstances, there’s a way to jump ahead in line, by using “director’s discretionary time.” Matt Nicholl, an astronomer at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, submitted a proposal on behalf of the team to take ultraviolet measurements with Hubble — possibly the shortest proposal ever written. “It was two paragraphs long — that’s all we could do in the middle of the night,” Berger said. “It just said that we’ve found the first counterpart of a binary neutron star merger, and we need to get UV spectra. And it got approved.”

As the data trickled in from the various instruments, the collected data set was becoming more and more astounding. In total, the original LIGO/Virgo discovery and the various follow-up observations by scientists have yielded dozens of papers, each describing astrophysical processes that occurred during and after the merger.

Mystery Bursts

Neutron stars are compact neutron-packed cores left over when massive stars die in supernova explosions. A teaspoon of neutron star would weigh as much as one billion tons. Their internal structure is not completely understood. Neither is their occasional aggregation into close-knit binary pairs of stars that orbit each other. The astronomers Joe Taylor and Russell Hulse found the first such pair in 1974, a discovery that earned them the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics. They concluded that those two neutron stars were destined to crash into each other in about 300 million years. The two stars newly discovered by LIGO took far longer to do so.

The analysis by Berger and his team suggests that the newly discovered pair was born 11 billion years ago, when two massive stars went supernova a few million years apart. Between these two explosions, something brought the stars closer together, and they went on circling each other for most of the history of the universe. The findings are “in excellent agreement with the models of binary-neutron-star formation,” Berger said.

The merger also solved another mystery that has vexed astrophysicists for the past five decades.

On July 2, 1967, two United States satellites, Vela 3 and 4, spotted a flash of gamma radiation. Researchers first suspected a secret nuclear test conducted by the Soviet Union. They soon realized this flash was something else: the first example of what is now known as a gamma ray burst (GRB), an event lasting anywhere from milliseconds to hours that “emits some of the most intense and violent radiation of any astrophysical object,” Dent said. The origin of GRBs has been an enigma, although some people have suggested that so-called “short” gamma-ray bursts (lasting less than two seconds) could be the result of neutron-star mergers. There was no way to directly check until now.

In yet another nod of good fortune, it so happened that on Aug. 17, the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope and the International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (Integral) were pointing in the direction of the constellation Hydra. Just as LIGO and Virgo detected gravitational waves, the gamma-ray space telescopes picked up a weak GRB, and, like LIGO and Virgo, issued an alert.

A neutron star merger should trigger a very strong gamma-ray burst, with most of the energy released in a fairly narrow beam called a jet. The researchers believe that the GRB signal hitting Earth was weak only because the jet was pointing at an angle away from us. Proof arrived about two weeks later, when observatories detected the X-ray and radio emissions that accompany a GRB. “This provides smoking-gun proof that normal short gamma-ray bursts are produced by neutron-star mergers,” Berger said. “It’s really the first direct compelling connection between these two phenomena.”

Hughes said that the observations were the first in which “we have definitively associated any short gamma-ray burst with a progenitor.” The findings indicate that at least some GRBs come from colliding neutron stars, though it’s too soon to say whether they all do.

Striking Gold

Optical and infrared data captured after the neutron-star merger also help clarify the formation of the heaviest elements in the universe, like uranium, platinum and gold, in what’s called r-process nucleosynthesis. Scientists long believed that these rare, heavy elements, like most other elements, are made during high-energy events such as supernovas. A competing theory that has gained prominence in recent years argues that neutron-star mergers could forge the majority of these elements. According to that thinking, the crash of neutron stars ejects matter in what’s called a kilonova. “Once released from the neutron stars’ gravitational field,” the matter “would transmute into a cloud full of the heavy elements we see on rocky planets like Earth,” Dent explained.

Optical telescopes picked up the radioactive glow of these heavy elements — strong evidence, scientists say, that neutron-star collisions produce much of the universe’s supply of heavy elements like gold.

“With this merger,” Berger said, “we can see all the expected signatures of the formation of these elements, so we are solving this big open question in astrophysics of how these elements form. We had hints of this before, but here we have a really nearby object with exquisite data, and there is no ambiguity.” According to Daniel Holz, an astrophysicist at the University of Chicago, “back-of-the-envelope calculations indicate that this single collision produced an amount of gold greater than the weight of the Earth.”

The scientists also inferred a sequence of events that may have followed the neutron-star collision, providing insight into the stars’ internal structure. Experts knew that the collision outcome “depends very much on how large the stars are and how ‘soft’ or ‘springy’ — in other words, how much they resist being deformed by super-strong gravitational forces,” Dent said. If the stars are extra soft, they may immediately be swallowed up inside a newly formed black hole, but this would not leave any matter outside to produce a gamma-ray burst. “At the other end of the scale, he said, “the two neutron stars would merge and form an unstable, rapidly spinning super-massive neutron star, which could produce a gamma-ray burst after a holdup of tens or hundreds of seconds.”

The most plausible case may lie somewhere in the middle: The two neutron stars may have merged into a doughnut-shaped unstable neutron star that launched a jet of super-energetic hot matter before finally collapsing as a black hole, Dent said.

Future observations of neutron-star mergers will settle these questions. And as the signals roll in, experts say the mergers will also serve as a precision tool for cosmologists. Comparing the gravitational-wave signal with the redshift, or stretching, of the electromagnetic signals offers a new way of measuring the so-called Hubble constant, which gives the age and expansion rate of the universe. Already, with this one merger, researchers were able to make an initial measurement of the Hubble constant “in a remarkably fundamental way, without requiring the multitude of assumptions” that go into estimating the constant by other methods, said Matthew Bailes, a member of the LIGO collaboration and a professor at the Swinburne University of Technology in Australia. Holz described the neutron star merger as a “standard siren” (in a nod to the term “standard candles” used for supernovas) and said that initial calculations suggest the universe is expanding at a rate of 70 kilometers per second per megaparsec, which puts LIGO’s Hubble constant “smack in the middle of [previous] estimates.”

To improve the measurement, scientists will have to spot many more neutron-star mergers. Given that LIGO and Virgo are still being fine-tuned to increase their sensitivity, Berger is optimistic. “It is clear that the rate of occurrence is somewhat higher than expected,” he said. “By 2020 I expect at least one to two of these every month. It will be tremendously exciting.”

#science #news #LIGO #gravitational waves #neutron star

100 notes · View notes

cris-eng4u-journals · 5 years ago

Text

Biographical and Historical Context: 3rd. Journal Entry - July 3, 2020

What’s interesting about the Great Gatsby is the overlap between the novel its and the author. F. Scott Fitzgerald, the author, lived in the same time period as the novel and many of the narrative's settings are based on those, he experienced himself. You can find traces of him and his own life in various characters and events in the story. Fitzgerald paints a picture for us of what life was like during that time; a time of post-war economic growth (the roaring 20s), of prohibition, and shift in socioeconomic and cultural paradigms (the image of the Flapper in the Jazz Age or the dichotomy between the old rich vs. the new rich).

youtube

One thing I’ve realized is the overlap between F. Scott Fitzgerald and two characters: Nick and Gatsby. It seems a lot of his own story became incarnated in these two characters.

Like Nick, he was born in Minnesota and moved to New York. Fitzgerald and his wife Zelda lived in Long Neck, NY which served as an inspiration for West Egg. His publisher Herbert Bayard Swope was known to throw wild parties like Gatsby. F. Scott and Zelda were also known for their wild shenanigans and heavy drinking. Zelda claimed that a lot of what F. Scott wrote was based on “voyeuristic” behavior toward his friends. Much of the tone seen in the novel, or particularly Nick’s narration seems to serve as an analysis of Fitzgerlad’s own peers, criticizing their lifestyles and morals.

On the other hand, Gatsby seems in some ways to be a self-insert for Fitzgerald. Unlike Fitzgerald he doesn’t drink, this may be an idealized perception of Fitzgerald, possibly desiring that he didn’t drink as much as he did. Similarly, to Gatsby, Fitzgerald strove to attain wealth and did so through capitalizing on his writing. Both his and Gatsby’s desire to become wealthy were rooted in trying to appease the desires of their lovers, both Daisy and Zelda dreamed of having rich partners. The shaky relationship dynamics of Gatsby/Daisy and Tom/Daisy also seem to allude to that of F. Scott and Zelda, whose marriage was very troubled. There is a passage in The Great Gatsby, which apparently came directly, verbatim, from an interaction between the author and his wife:

"It'll show you how I've gotten to feel about--things. Well, she was less than an hour old and Tom was God knows where. I woke up out of the ether with an utterly abandoned feeling and asked the nurse right away if it was a boy or a girl. She told me it was a girl, and so I turned my head away and wept. 'All right,' I said. 'I'm glad it's a girl. And I hope she'll be a fool--that's the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool.'"

Fitzgerald does an excellent job at depicting life at the time. The era of Jazz, economic boom, and prohibition are all tied craftily into the social analysis seen in the story. The classicist views of the old rich, reflect many themes of colonial and aristocratic suspicion. For example, in many western European colonies the British, Spanish, Portuguese, French etc. would often view those born in the colonies, especially if they were lower-class as racially suspicious – due to their closer proximity with non-white individuals. In feudal and post-feudal Europe similar attitudes were held by aristocrats towards the gentry. These mentalities can be seen in the dichotomy of the old vs. new rich. The old rich often viewed the new rich as suspicious, because their paradigm of class lines was being shattered. They also viewed the new rich as suspicious because they assumed that their riches came from illicit means, like working in the booze business during prohibition. Although this might’ve been true for many, it ironically didn’t stop the new rich from also partaking in alcohol culture, hypocritically. The novel also deconstructs and disillusions the notion of the American Dream, which was so often believed and is to this day. Despite how rich the “new rich” became, they could never fully get the respect of the “old rich.” It’s possible that Fitzgerald felt this attitude from the members of the upper class he interacted with.

0 notes

ripplefactor · 7 years ago

Photo

‘So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.’

F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby, published April 10, 1925, Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York ..

Pictured: ‘Publisher Herbert Bayard Swope's "Land's End".’

#F. Scott Fitzgerald #The Great Gatsby #Long Island #ripplefactor #rpf2

21 notes · View notes

sharecreators-blog · 6 years ago

Text

Fifteen Inspirational Quotes

When we are feeling unmotivated or down, sometimes reading articles or watching inspirational quotes can help us get back into the groove of working. Implement this healthy exercise into your weekly routine, hang some of these quotes up in your room, or write them down. Use them to your advantage, so you can continue to be a successful creative. Here we go!

1. “Creativity takes courage” - Henri Matisse

The first thing that you should know or consider when you are going to work in the creative field for a living is that working in this field takes guts. Nothing is guaranteed in this industry, and there is never a guaranteed secure salary, no matter where you go or what you do. With that being said, it is entirely up to you to pave your own path in the artistic industry. Lots of courage is needed if you are going to be an entrepreneur, and essentially a working artist in the modern world is an entrepreneur.

ShareCreators

Artwork By Rex Cat

2. “Every artist was first an amateur” - Ralph Waldo Emerson

We all have to start somewhere. When you want to do something, you can either say to yourself, “one day” OR “day one.” It is important to remember where your roots come from.

3. “Work hard! In the end, passion and hard work beats out natural talent.” - Pete Docter

Passion is perhaps the most essential quality to have when it comes to anything you want to do in your career. Discipline is the character trait that gets you places, more than talent or inspiration or any sort of personal connections. With discipline and passion, nearly anything can be done. But one cannot work without the other. You must have both when you want to work in the creative field especially, but this goes for any sort of industry. When you look at successful artists, these are the two most prominent traits that they encompass. This is exactly what Pete Docter is telling us. He is a prime example of a hard-working and passionate man.

4. “Actually, I don’t really draw that well. It’s just that I don’t stop trying as quickly. I keep at it.” - Milt Kahl

People who stop trying quickly and take “no” for an answer are the kind of people that will not get ahead in life… Quitting is not something that strong and dedicated people do. We all obviously know that Milt Kahl is a renowned and incredible artist and animator. In this quote, he gives us a lesson of persistence. With persistence and practice, your skills are guaranteed to improve.

ShareCreators

Artwork By Bodgan Rezunenko

5. “The way to get started is to quit talking and begin doing.” - Walt Disney

Even if you do not feel like getting out of bed every day, strong people find motivation and meaning to do so. Things can only get done when you “quit talking and begin doing,” as Walt Disney tells us here in his quote. Laziness is your worst enemy, and so are excuses.

6. “Artists who seek perfection in everything are those who cannot attain it in anything.” - Gustave Flaubert

If I crew When it comes to having to “build your empire” of art, you must build it one piece at a time, working on one thing at a time, and focusing on quality. If you try to focus on too many things at once, you are going to end up with random results that are not going to be of quality. You will not be able to use these things to your advantage. Those artists who seek perfection while trying to do too much at once are the type that cannot get anything done. In order to see results, you must focus your attention on one thing at a time, in order for that one thing to turn out satisfactory. Then, once you get that one thing done, you can move on to the other.

7. “Ate from the heart, nearly everything works: if from the head, almost nothing.” - Marc Chagall

Something that your mother probably always told you growing up was to “follow your gut” and to an extent, she was correct. The best pieces of art come from the heart, from an artist who has great passion for what they do. Great pieces such as the Sistine Chapel were not made by someone who was only half-invested into their work.

8. “A lot of indie developers who became ‘Overnight Successes’ were working at it for ten years.” - Dan Adelman

You cannot expect everything to come to you on a silver platter. No one is going to hand you what you want. Everyone who has built their empire from the ground up did not do it in one sitting. They did not do it in one day. They have put in tireless hours that no one else sees except themselves and the people that work with them.

9. “The enemy of art is the absence of limitations.” - Orson Welles

Art can be anything that you want it to be. Art is best made when you are bending the rules. When you are creating things that have never been seen before. If you aren’t doing this, what is the point? You are just a copy machine. Make original art.

10. “Commitment is the enemy of resistance, for it is the serious promise to press on, to get up, no matter how many times you are knocked down.” - David McNally

Commitment and discipline go hand in hand. Allow your failures to be your greatest teachers. Do not let one small thing get you down. If you allow your doubts to fill your headspace, you will not have time to be productive!

11. “Quality is the best business plan.” - John Lasseter

You can NEVER go wrong with choosing quality. Quality is seen by human instinct: it is undeniable and you cannot hide it in any way. If you put work into something, it is unmistakable and has a deeper element that is incomprehensible.

12. “I can’t give you a sure-fire formula for success, but I can give you a formula for failure: try to please everybody all the time.” - Herbert Bayard Swope

Not everyone is going to be your fan or your supporter. Not everyone is going to like your art, no matter how much time you put in it. Art is subjective for this reason. You are a product: you are putting out a product and you are putting out a speciality, and when you cater to your targeted customers, you are going to achieve greater success.

13. “Creativity is allowing yourself to make mistakes. Art is knowing which ones to keep.” - Scott Adams

The best successes come from the heels of failures. Allowing yourself to fail is your greatest teacher. Beautiful art is both aesthetically pleasing and emotionally moving.

14. “The comfort zone is the great enemy to creativity; moving beyond it necessitates intuition, which in turn configures new perspectives and conquers fears.” - Dan Stevens

Leave your comfort zone as often as possible, so that your comfort zone expands! This is how you grow. This is how you gain more experiences in life. This is how you become a better person in both your career life and your personal life. Push yourself every day, in the littlest ways, and you will see positive results.

15. “Creativity is an act of defiance.” - Twyla Tharp

Not now does not mean not ever. There are better things in store for you.

Take these many quotes and remind yourself how to think when you find yourself in a slump or artists block. These renowned artists are famous for a reason, and it is because they lived their lives having the same mental attitude that quotes like these emit. Allow yourself to be uncomfortable this week, and push yourself to practice most especially when you don’t feel like it, because that is when it counts most.

#Freelance #Graphic Designer #Illustrator #Game #Design

1 note · View note