#Ruoyu Wei
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Yuanxiao
The following is a recipe as presented in Tasting History by Max Miller. If you enjoy it, I would highly encourage checking out the Tasting History youtube channel or buy the Tasting History cookbook.
From History The cooking method uses glutinous rice that has been ground into a fine powder. Inside the wrapper the filling comprises the flesh of walnuts and white sugar. Water is sprinkled on the filling and the balls are rolled around in flour to form them. They are as big as walnuts. This is the same as what the people of the Jiangnan region call tagyuan -Liu Ruoyu, Zhuo zhong zhi (translated by Roy Chan)
"Yuanxiao is a ball of glutinous rice stuffed with a sweet walnut filling, but it's the source of this seventeenth-century recipe, the Zhuo zhong zhi by Liu Ruoyu, that has a story worth telling.
The Ming Court, under the teenage Tianqi Emperor, was run by a powerful and scheming eunuch named Wei Zhongxian. Powerful and scheming eunuchs were actually quite the trend in Imperial China, but none were as formidable as Wei. He, along with the emperor's nurse, Madame Ke, removed all others who held power over the emperor. Some were banished, some starved to death, and others were forced to commit suicide. The pair kept the young emperor ignorant of the goings-on in his empire while they ran the government.
During Wei's reign of terror, a young eunuch named Liu distinguished himself as an excellent calligrapher, an uncommon skill among the eunuchs of the Forbidden City. His work caught the jealous eye of the illiterate Wei Zhongxian, who, unfriendly to any he believed smart enough to challenge his power, demoted the young scribe to work in the stables. Liu toiled there for several years and added the moniker Ruoyu, which meant "the dumb," to his name to remind himself that feigning stupidity might serve him better in the Wei regime.
But the powerful eunuch eventually found a use for Liu Ruoyu's talent: forgery. Wei had procured a number of blank documents already stamped with the emperor's seal. All he required to govern with impunity was for someone to fill the documents with whatever decrees he wished. Liu was just the man for the job.
The scheme did not last long though, for when the Tianqi Emperor died at the age of twenty-one his younger brother, Zhu Youjian, came to power as the Chongzhen Emperor. Though only sixteen, Zhu had not yet fallen under Wei Zhongxian's influence, and the new emperor banished the troublesome eunuch, executed Madame Ke, and imprisoned any who had helped Wei, including Liu Ruoyu. While in prison, Liu wrote the Zhuo zhong zhi, part protestation of his innocence and part treatise on daily life in the Forbidden City. His writings included a number of recipes, such as this one for Yuanxiao."
Modern Recipe
Ingredients:
1 1/4 cups (140g) whole shelled, raw, unsalted walnuts
1/2 cup (100g) granulated sugar
4 tablespoons (57g) unsalted butter, melted
2 cups (225 g) glutinous rice flour (sweet rice flour)
Makes 16 Yuanxiao
Cook time: 2 hours 15 minutes
Heat a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the walnuts to the pan in a single layer. Heat them, stirring frequently, until lightly browned, about 5 minutes. Once the walnuts are toasted, remove them from the pan and set aside on a plate to cool, about 10 minutes. Once they are cool, crush the walnuts by hand or in a food processor, until they become almost a coarse flour.
Mix the crushed walnuts, sugar, and butter in a bowl until combined. Chill the mixture in the refrigerator for 1 hour.
Remove the mixture from the refrigerator and divide it into 16 portions. Using clean hands, roll each portion into a ball and set aside.
Fill a large bowl three-quarters full with cold water. In another large bowl, add the glutinous rice flour. Working in batches of 3 or 4 balls at a time, roll the balls in the flour until covered. Put the balls in a fine-mesh strainer. Dip the strainer with the balls briefly in the water, then return to the flour and roll again, coating completely. Repeat this process 7 to 10 times, or until there is no visible filling. Repeat the process until all the balls are coated. note that cracks may appear in the coating, but as long as the filling is not visible, that is okay.
Fill a large pot half full of water and set it over high heat. Bring the water to a boil. Working in batches, boil 3 or 4 balls until they float to the top, 2 to 3 minutes. Note that the balls will expand, so leave plenty of room in the pot. Once the balls have floated to the top, add a cup of cold water. The balls should sink a bit. Adding cold water will stop the boiling and allow a skin to form on the balls. Allow the water to return to a boil and wait until the balls float again. Remove the balls and set aside. Bring the water back to a boil and repeat the steps with the remaining balls until finished. Serve warm.
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Therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cells on canine radiation-induced lung injury
Publication date: Available online 6 June 2018 Source:International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics Author(s): Yuhui Hao, Yonghong Ran, Binghui Lu, Jiayin Li, Jiaojiao Zhang, Chunjing Feng, Jinhui Fang, Ruoyu Ma, Zhihui Qiao, Xiaotian Dai, Wei Xiong, Jing Liu, Qi Zhou, Jie Hao, Rong Li, Jianwu Dai ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of human umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation on canine radiation-induced lung injury.MethodsBeagle dogs received localized 15-Gy radiation to the right lower lung from X-rays to establish the model of radiation-induced lung injury. After 180 days, dogs were divided into two groups (4/ group). The MSC group received intratracheal MSC transplantation, and the saline group received the same volume of normal saline by lavage. The effect of MSC transplantation on lung injury was then evaluated during 180 days after transplantation.ResultsAt 180 days after 15-Gy radiation, canine arterial blood oxygen partial pressure was significantly decreased, and the levels of hydroxyproline and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in peripheral blood were significantly increased, whereas that of TGF-α was significantly decreased. Computed tomography (CT) evaluation revealed visible honeycomb shadows in the right middle and lower pulmonary pleurae. Then, the blood oxygen partial pressure of the MSC group gradually increased over time, whereas the levels of hydroxyproline and TGF-β in the peripheral blood showed a decreasing trend, and TGF-�� levels gradually increased, which differed significantly from the results observed in the saline group. In addition, CT and pathological examination showed that the degree of lung injury in the MSC group was milder. The MSC group also showed significantly increased pulmonary superoxide dismutase levels and significantly decreased TNF-α, IL-1, and hyaluronic acid levels. Further study confirmed that MSC transplantation inhibited the activation of TGF-β/Smad2/3 in lung tissues, and in vitro experiments showed that medium conditioned with MSCs effectively inhibited the increase in Smad2/3 levels induced by TGF-β1.ConclusionCanine radiation-induced lung injury could be observed at 180 days after radiation at 15 Gy. MSC transplantation can reduce oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions, and TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway activation, thereby reducing lung injury.
Teaser
Radiation-induced lung injury is a common complication following radiotherapy for thoracic tumours. Our studies show that canine radiation-induced lung injury could be observed at 180 days after X-ray radiation at 15 Gy, and intratracheal mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation can reduce oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions, and TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway activation, thereby reducing lung injury. This finding provides a basis for the application of MSCs in clinical transplantation therapies for radiation-induced lung injury. https://ift.tt/2M5QbOk
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Casa Ex of In / Steven Holl Architects
Casa Ex of In / Steven Holl Architects
© Paul Warchol
Arquitetos: Steven Holl Architects
Localização: Rhinebeck, NY, Estados Unidos
Arquiteto Resposável: Steven Holl
Arquiteto Do Projeto: Steven Holl and Dimitra Tsachrelia
Equipe De Projeto: Ruoyu Wei, Michael Haddy, Yuliya Savelyeva
Área: 85,5 m²
Ano Do Projeto: 2016
Fotografias: Paul Warchol
Engenharia Estrutural: Robert Silman Associates
Engenheiros Climáticos: Tra…
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Research framework on 'Political'
At the beginning of study I will focus on the history of political facilities in the past 200 years. Right now the governmental buildings are all arranged around the City Hall Station. What I want to do is to analysis the existing system and to predict the growth of these political facilities, includes buildings, monitors and Wi-Fi hotpots.
Old types of political facilities include government buildings and police stations. In the past 200 years, these buildings changes from simple to complex with growth of the city.
Video cameras and Wi-Fi hotpots are new ways of control by government. Studying the location of them could provide a network of administration in the age of information.
However, the centralized city model will be destroyed by the development of technology in the future. The de-centralization process of urban evolution in the age of information will provide more possibilities for urban typology and affect the political system in New York City.
200 years later New York City will disperse into small part of clusters which are self-sufficient, environmental friendly and Internet based. Old types of political facilities will decrease with the growth of new types of political facilities. This network will be separate from physical world in some degrees.
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