#Role of Forensic Forensic Archaeologists

[forensicfield]

The Role Of Forensic Archaeologists In Crime Scene Investigation

Forensic archaeologists are brought into service only when normal, usual investigative techniques are considered inadequate. This expertise in cases of buried remains, clandestine burials or complex scenes comes in very handy. By Vaishnavi Narreddy.

Continue reading The Role Of Forensic Archaeologists In Crime Scene Investigation

[shijayprojects01]

Ground Penetrating Radar: A Reliable Tool for Subsurface Exploration in Delhi

When it comes to understanding what lies beneath the surface of the earth, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) stands out as a reliable and effective tool. It is a technology that has revolutionized the field of subsurface exploration, offering precise and non-invasive methods to detect underground objects, utilities, and anomalies. If you’re looking for a GPR instrument provider in Delhi, you’re likely seeking the best in both quality and service. In this blog, we’ll explore the importance of GPR technology, its applications, and why choosing the right provider in Delhi is crucial.

What is Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)?

Ground Penetrating Radar is a geophysical method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface. It’s an effective way to detect objects, changes in material, and voids and cracks beneath the surface. This technology is widely used in various industries, including archaeology, construction, environmental studies, and utility mapping.

The GPR system consists of a transmitting antenna, which emits radar pulses into the ground, and a receiving antenna, which records the reflected signals. These signals are then processed to create a detailed image of the subsurface. The depth and clarity of the image depend on the frequency of the radar pulse and the type of material being examined.

Applications of GPR Technology

The versatility of Ground Penetrating Radar makes it invaluable in many fields. Here are some common applications:

1. Utility Mapping

GPR is often used to locate underground utilities such as pipes, cables, and conduits. This is essential for construction projects to avoid damaging existing infrastructure. A reliable GPR instrument provider in Delhi can offer equipment that accurately maps these utilities, ensuring safety and efficiency on the job site.

2. Archaeological Surveys

Archaeologists use GPR to locate and map subsurface artifacts, structures, and burial sites without disturbing the ground. This non-invasive method allows for the preservation of historical sites while providing detailed information about what lies beneath.

3. Environmental Studies

In environmental studies, GPR helps in detecting buried hazardous waste, monitoring landfills, and assessing the integrity of underground storage tanks. This technology plays a crucial role in environmental protection and remediation efforts.

4. Construction and Engineering

GPR is used in construction to assess the integrity of structures, locate rebar and post-tension cables, and evaluate the thickness of concrete slabs. Engineers rely on GPR to ensure that construction projects are built on a solid foundation.

5. Forensic Investigations

In forensic investigations, GPR is used to locate buried bodies, weapons, and other evidence. This technology is vital in solving crimes and bringing justice to the victims.

Why Choose a Reliable GPR Instrument Provider in Delhi?

When it comes to selecting a GPR instrument provider in Delhi, there are several factors to consider. The right provider will offer high-quality equipment, reliable service, and expert support. Here’s why choosing the right provider is so important:

1. Quality of Equipment

The accuracy and reliability of GPR data depend largely on the quality of the equipment. A reputable GPR instrument provider in Delhi will offer state-of-the-art equipment that meets industry standards. Whether you need a GPR system for utility mapping, archaeological surveys, or environmental studies, quality equipment will ensure accurate results.

2. Expert Support and Training

Using GPR technology effectively requires proper training and support. A reliable provider will offer comprehensive training to ensure that you and your team can operate the equipment confidently. Additionally, ongoing support from experts can help you troubleshoot any issues that arise during your projects.

3. Customization and Flexibility

Every project is unique, and your GPR needs may vary depending on the specific requirements of your job. A good GPR instrument provider in Delhi will offer customizable solutions that cater to your needs. Whether you need a specific frequency range, antenna type, or software package, a flexible provider will ensure that you get the right tools for the job.

4. Cost-Effectiveness

Investing in GPR technology is a significant decision, and cost is always a consideration. A trustworthy provider will offer competitive pricing without compromising on quality. Additionally, they may offer rental options for short-term projects, allowing you to access the technology you need without a large upfront investment.

5. Reputation and Reliability

Choosing a GPR instrument provider in Delhi with a solid reputation ensures that you’re working with a company known for delivering quality products and services. Look for providers with positive reviews, a history of successful projects, and a commitment to customer satisfaction.

Conclusion

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a powerful tool that offers a non-invasive way to explore the subsurface. Whether you’re involved in construction, archaeology, environmental studies, or forensic investigations, GPR technology can provide valuable insights that are essential to the success of your project. However, the effectiveness of GPR depends not only on the technology itself but also on the quality of the equipment and support provided.

[daniellekurin]

What Is Forensic Archeology?

Forensic archeology involves utilizing and adapting traditional archeological methods to locate, document, and recover human remains and related evidential material from various medicolegal scene contexts. Medicolegal is a term meaning “that which relates to both medicine and law.”

Forensic archeology applies archeological theory and techniques to medicolegal cases. These include searching, finding, surveying, sampling, recording, and interpreting evidence. They also include recovering and documenting human remains and related evidence.

While the two terms may appear to have the same meaning, forensic archeology and forensic anthropology are two distinct fields. Forensic archeology uses archeological methods to locate and recover human remains and forensic evidence. Forensic anthropology, on the other hand, analyzes human remains for humanitarian and medicolegal purposes.

Despite developing within the forensic anthropology discipline, forensic archeology’s field application methods have lagged behind. This is because forensic anthropology laboratory techniques for identifying skeletal remains weren’t invented at the time forensic archeology developed.

A murder investigation in the UK in 1988 brought forensic archeology into the picture. In 1962, Stephen Jennings, a three-year-old from Yorkshire, was reported missing. Despite extensive efforts, the police couldn’t find him, and the case went cold.

Twenty-six years later, a sniffer dog detected the boy’s remains, which were buried near his home. In a court trial, a forensic archaeologist gave the jury information on the body’s position, concealment, and deposition season, leading to the conviction of the boy’s father for the murder.

However, today, forensic archeologists regularly apply modern field methods across diverse human remains recovery scenarios. Forensic archaeologists continually enhance these techniques through research, offering training to law enforcement and death investigators.

Aside from human remains, forensic archeologists excavate and recover personal items, clothing, and weapons, among other items. They also recover evidential elements such as footwear marks and eliminate non-related objects.

Forensic archeologists follow a process similar to that traditional archeologists use to recover ancient remains and artifacts. A forensic science branch popularly used in crime scene investigations, forensic archeology also helps reconstruct crime scenes, particularly for murder cases.

In addition to assisting in human remains discovery and excavation and identifying case-relevant objects, forensic archaeologists can help establish a crime scene’s age. This is similar to what mainstream archaeologists do while uncovering ancient civilization relics.

Notably, there are misconceptions about forensic archeology. The most common one is that anyone can dig and find human remains. Another one is that forensic archeology only involves excavation. While this is a large part of its work, forensic archeologists also use reconnaissance, reconstruction, and interpretation.

Forensic archeology aids investigations in various scenarios. Apart from murder, forensic archeologists assist in buried remains, cold case reviews, exhumations, fatal fires, international deployments, missing persons, scattered depositions, suicide, and suspicious deaths cases.

The methods forensic archeologists use - reconnaissance, search, location, digging, reconstruction, and interpretation - depend on the stage of the investigation. During the planning stage, reconnaissance reports guide the process, while the active phase involves employing search, location, excavation, and evidence-gathering methods. The recording and reporting phase preceding court proceedings involves reconstruction and interpretation.

Forensic archeology offers advantages over traditional investigation methods. To begin, archaeological findings play a crucial role in establishing a relative events chronology within distinct human activity layers and episodes, representing valuable context in archaeological records. Beyond this, these findings contribute to forensic and search strategy development, providing essential targeted search and excavation area intelligence.

Conversely, they can exclude certain areas as relevant to an investigation, effectively narrowing its parameters. Through forensic archaeological techniques, evidence identified during deposition area examinations can link suspects or tools to specific scenes, such as identifying footwear marks in grave bases and spade imprints from grave digging. Furthermore, archaeological methods yield significant information on a victim’s position, aiding in challenging a suspect’s statements regarding the burial process.

Forensic archaeology blends with various ecological disciplines like anthropology, botany, diatoms, entomology, geoforensics, radiocarbon dating, and stable isotopes. By combining these disciplines, forensic archeologists and investigators can conduct thorough and comprehensive examinations.

[chasepipes]

Archaeologists and Paleontologists - Similarities and Differences

Archaeology and paleontology are similar scientific disciplines, as they both focus on studying the remains of historical materials. However, each has a different objective. Archaeologists focus on human artifacts and structures, while paleontologists deal with fossils. The two, however, share research methods, tools, excavation strategies, and data-analysis techniques.

Archaeologists aim to reveal human past life, civilizations, and cultures by studying artifacts and architecture. The material evidence enables them to understand human societies.

Archaeological roles usually involve working in the field or in professional or academic settings. Typical work sites include dig locations, laboratories (for artifact analysis), museums (for artifact verification), and universities. The work primarily involves assessing excavation in known or probable archaeological sites to minimize artifact disruption. This is especially important before projects that involve deep excavation, like road work, construction, mining, and oil drilling, proceed.

One function is the assessment of aerial images to determine potential dig sites. At those sites, the archaeologist oversees artifact extraction, including recording, supervising, and guiding the team to minimize the risk of damage to the artifacts. Another role is to examine the items from the dig, identifying, analyzing, and dating them. In some cases, the archaeologist may be required to generate computer assessments and simulations, especially for sites with historical and cultural significance. An archaeological professor on a university campus educates students exploring the art, architecture, and culture of past civilizations.

Paleontologists, on the other hand, use science and research to study the earth's history through fossils - the remains of historical flora and fauna preserved in rock, including fungi, bacteria, and single-celled organisms. The remains can be those of the actual fossilized organism or traces left on the rock, including tracks or other signs of movement. According to paleontology, the fossilization process begins immediately after the organism’s death.

Paleontologists use the remains to understand both extinct and living organisms. The commonly deduced information from fossil evidence includes an organism’s behavior, evolutionary history, and its relation to biological, geological, and geographical events.

Paleontologists also study the chemical composition of the fossils. The information gathered include checking for specific isotopes and body features of organisms like mollusks that offer insight on the changes in ocean temperatures over time, and ancient life. For example, the ridges on the outer shell surface offer information on the growing seasons, and the exact amount of growth - thicker ridges indicate a period of rapid growth, and thus warmer waters.

Paleontology also assists with reconstructing the earth’s history and providing evidence to support the theory of evolution. The information garnered can also aid industry professionals like petroleum geologists in locating oil and natural gas deposits, as the presence of fossilized ancient life forms in an area is often an indicator of the presence of fossil fuels.

Similar to archaeologists, paleontologists work in the field and in professional and academic posts. They can be found in laboratories, libraries, and museums, where they research, curate, acquire, display, and maintain collections. They might also be involved in guiding visitors or acting as consultants for researchers. Some paleontologists use their knowledge and experience in their work as professors, research coordinators, and environmental specialists, while still others pursue careers as forensic analysts in crime investigatory roles.

In the field, especially the dig sites, paleontologists use geological charts to decipher the location, type, and age of the rock structures likely to have fossils. Once the site is identified, the paleontologists first scour the surface for fossil fragments, before digging for more finds. The process involves the use of shovels, pickaxes, trowels, and brushes. The paleontologist then leads the team in studying the fossils and surrounding rock and soil to identify the fossil, and ascertain the age or era. The report is often used for further studies on the fossil, and also as an accompaniment for a museum display.

[medprime]

What are the Primary Uses of Portable Microscopes? Exploring the Tiny Universe

Introduction

Portable microscopes have revolutionized the way we observe and analyze minuscule objects and organisms. From classrooms to research laboratories, these compact devices have found diverse applications. In this comprehensive article, we will delve into the primary uses of portable microscopes, shedding light on their significance across different fields.

1. Education and Classroom Learning

Portable microscopes are invaluable tools in educational settings. They allow students to explore the intricate details of biology, chemistry, and other scientific subjects. Teachers can use them to make learning more engaging and interactive.

2. Medical Diagnosis

In the medical field, portable microscopes are used for on-the-spot diagnostics. Physicians and nurses can quickly examine blood samples, skin cells, and other specimens, aiding in faster and more accurate diagnoses.

3. Entomology

Entomologists use portable microscopes to study insects, their anatomy, and behavior. This is crucial for pest control, understanding ecosystems, and species identification.

4. Environmental Science

Researchers in environmental science use portable microscopes for soil analysis, water quality assessment, and studying microorganisms in different habitats. This data is vital for conservation efforts.

5. Gemology

Gemologists rely on portable microscopes to inspect gemstones for flaws, inclusions, and authenticity. It helps in determining the value and quality of precious stones.

6. Archaeology

Archaeologists use portable microscopes for analyzing ancient artifacts, pottery, and fossils. These microscopes reveal hidden details that can rewrite history.

7. Quality Control in Manufacturing

In manufacturing, portable microscopes are used for quality control. They help identify defects in products and ensure high standards are maintained.

8. Forensics

Forensic scientists use portable microscopes to examine trace evidence such as hair, fibers, and ballistic residue. These tools play a vital role in solving criminal cases.

9. Research in Botany

Botanists use portable microscopes to study plant cells, tissues, and diseases. This research is essential for improving crop yields and understanding plant biology.

10. Aquatic Biology

For aquatic biologists, portable microscopes are essential for examining microorganisms in water bodies, aiding in the assessment of aquatic ecosystems.

11. Art Restoration

In the art world, portable microscopes are used to restore and authenticate artworks. They help conservators identify layers of paint and hidden signatures.

12. Mineralogy

Mineralogists use portable microscopes to study minerals and rocks. This aids in mineral exploration, mining, and understanding Earth's geology.

13. Food Industry

The food industry employs portable microscopes to inspect food products for contaminants, ensuring consumer safety and quality.

14. Textile Industry

Textile manufacturers use portable microscopes to examine fibers and fabrics, ensuring they meet industry standards.

15. Astronomy

While not widely known, portable microscopes have applications in amateur astronomy for observing celestial objects like meteorites.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: Are portable microscopes as powerful as traditional laboratory microscopes? A: Portable microscopes may have slightly lower magnification but offer the advantage of mobility and convenience.

Q: Can I use a portable microscope for smartphone photography? A: Yes, many portable microscopes are compatible with smartphones, allowing you to capture and share magnified images.

Q: Are portable microscopes suitable for professional research? A: Portable microscopes are ideal for fieldwork and preliminary observations, but for in-depth research, traditional microscopes are often preferred.

Q: Do portable microscopes require special maintenance? A: They require regular cleaning and care to ensure accurate results and longevity.

Q: Are there different types of portable microscopes? A: Yes, there are various types, including digital microscopes, handheld microscopes, and pocket microscopes, each with specific applications.

Q: Where can I purchase a reliable portable microscope? A: You can find portable microscopes at scientific supply stores, online retailers, and through reputable manufacturers.

Conclusion

Portable microscopes have transcended their humble origins to become indispensable tools in a wide range of disciplines. Their portability, ease of use, and versatility make them invaluable assets for students, researchers, professionals, and enthusiasts alike. Whether you're exploring the world of biology, unraveling the mysteries of history, or ensuring product quality, portable microscopes open up a world of discovery.

[yeartoagecalculatortool]

How to Use a Calculator for Determining Age Differences

History is a treasure trove of mysteries waiting to be unraveled. One of the most intriguing aspects of historical research is uncovering the stories of individuals who lived in the past. But what happens when all we have left of these individuals are their remains? How can we determine the age of a deceased person from long ago? Fortunately, modern science has provided us with innovative tools and calculators that help us unlock the secrets of history. In this blog post, we'll explore how to determine the age of a deceased person using our calculator, shedding light on the lives of those who came before us.

The Importance of Age Estimation

Age estimation is a crucial component of forensic anthropology and archaeology. It allows us to piece together the puzzle of someone's life, including their lifestyle, health, and potential cause of death. Accurately determining the age of a deceased individual can provide valuable insights into the historical context in which they lived.

Our Age Estimation Calculator

Our age estimation calculator www.yeartoage.com is a powerful tool that utilizes a combination of scientific methods to provide an estimate of a deceased person's age. Here's how it works:

Skeletal Analysis: The first step in determining age involves examining the skeletal remains of the individual. Bones can reveal a wealth of information, including age-related changes such as the fusion of bones, dental wear, and bone density.

Dental Examination: Teeth are remarkable indicators of age. By examining the wear and eruption patterns of teeth, our calculator can make accurate estimates of age. Dental health also reflects dietary habits, which can provide additional historical context.

Epiphyseal Fusion: In young individuals, the fusion of epiphyses (the ends of long bones) occurs over time. By examining the degree of fusion, our calculator can estimate the age of individuals who died during their developmental years.

Bone Density Measurement: Bone density decreases with age, making it another valuable factor in age estimation. Our calculator utilizes advanced techniques to measure bone density and factor it into the age estimate.

Statistical Algorithms: All the collected data is fed into a sophisticated statistical algorithm that considers various factors and provides an estimated age range for the deceased person.

Applications in Archaeology

Our age estimation calculator has a wide range of applications in the field of archaeology. By accurately determining the age of individuals from historical sites, we can gain insights into ancient societies' demographics, health, and burial practices. This information helps historians and archaeologists paint a more detailed picture of the past.

Forensic Implications

In forensic anthropology, accurate age estimation can be crucial for solving criminal cases. By determining the age of unidentified remains, law enforcement can narrow down the list of potential victims and focus their investigations. Our calculator plays a vital role in this process, aiding in the pursuit of justice and closure for families.

Ethical Considerations

It's essential to approach the study of human remains with the utmost respect and sensitivity. Our calculator is a valuable tool, but its use should always be guided by ethical principles. Researchers and scientists must consider the cultural and ethical implications of their work and collaborate with indigenous communities when appropriate.

Conclusion

Unlocking history through age estimation is a fascinating journey that allows us to connect with the people of the past. Our age estimation calculator is a powerful tool that combines science and technology to shed light on the lives of those who came before us. By accurately determining the age of a deceased person, we can gain valuable insights into their historical context, making history come alive in a whole new way.

[groundpenetratingradar]

When and Why GPR Investigations Are Essential

Beneath the surface of our planet lies a hidden world filled with mysteries and secrets waiting to be unveiled. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has emerged as a powerful tool for exploring this concealed realm. GPR investigations are essential in a wide range of situations, offering invaluable insights into the subsurface environment. Whether it is archaeological discoveries, infrastructure assessment, environmental monitoring, or even forensic investigations, GPR plays a pivotal role in revealing what lies beneath. In this article, we will delve into the diverse scenarios where GPR investigations are needed, highlighting its significance and the remarkable discoveries it has facilitated.

One of the most fascinating applications of GPR is in archaeology. Unearthing the secrets of ancient civilizations requires a delicate touch, and GPR offers a non-invasive method to explore archaeological sites. By sending radar pulses into the ground and analyzing the reflected signals, archaeologists can create detailed subsurface maps, revealing buried structures, artifacts, and even entire settlements without disturbing the soil above. This technology has revolutionized our understanding of history, allowing us to piece together the past without damaging the precious remnants that lay beneath.

Geotechnical investigations are also crucial when it comes to utility locating. Beneath our streets and sidewalks, a labyrinth of utilities, including water pipes, gas lines, and electrical cables, crisscrosses the urban landscape. Before any excavation work begins, it is crucial to know the exact location of these utilities to prevent accidents and disruptions. GPR is a valuable tool for utility locating, as it can identify the position, depth, and even material composition of underground infrastructure. This information is vital for construction projects, ensuring safety and efficiency while minimizing costly delays and repairs.

For more information on when and why GPR investigations may be needed, visit our website at https://durkin.au/

[welcome-to-green-hills]

Hi Mystery! Is it true that archaeologists can always tell whether a human skeleton was male or female? I ask because I see transphobes saying to trans people, "When archaeologists dig you up, they'll refer to you by your ReAl BiOlOgIcAl SeX, so stop pretending with gender!" I think they're being silly - the trans people I've seen online don't care that much about post-mortem misgendering - but I wanted to consult an actual archaeologist.

Hey there, Darlin’!

Im terribly sorry that this took so long, I was gathering my thoughts and linking my sources to my written response. I’m very happy that you’ve asked this, you have no idea how long I’ve been waiting to answer a question like this.😈

When it comes to examining human bones at archaeological sites, we look at both the gender and sex of the individual in a grave and/or marker. One can’t really look at a femur, crania, or even a radius alone and go “YeP, tHiS iS dEfInAtEly MaLe.” That’s not how that done. (Unless you know this person first-hand, then we’re consulting law enforcement). We typically find handfuls and a few skeletal remains in a site. It’s rare to find whole ones, but when you do it’s like Christmas for us.

We, as archaeologists, use a technique called “the archaeological eye.” To put simply, this means that we look at everything and create a narrative of what we’ve found. We document everything that we see. This means we look at location, material goods, surrounding flora and fauna (like if they’ve had pets or farmed), architecture, irrigation systems, textiles, and we even look at what position a person may be laying in as well. We look at all this. To say that we only look at a person’s biology to create a person’s profile is ignorant. You cannot create a profile on a person with just their biological sex. We would be lacking in data. This is neglecting cultural, social, and gendered norms.

Hate to break it to some of you—not really, I do enjoy having some individuals irked by me explaining what I do in my possession—transgendered people have existed for hundreds of years. That’s been documented. There’s even been transgendered individuals prior to that with the same elements. They’re referred to as something else, the word “transgender” wasn’t a word until the 20th century. There’s an excellent case study made by Dr. Lauren Talalay (2005) that even discusses transgendered individuals that existed 12,000+ years ago—roughly Neolithic and Bronze Ages—and were identified by their preferred identity (SOURCE). The first legally documented transgender woman was in early 20th century, Lile Elbe (SOURCE). If a pathologist and a forensic anthropologist were to consult one another to documenting Ms. Elbe’s history—both medical and chronological, they would classify her as “Female” or even “M|F” while honoring her pronouns.

It is our job—MY job—to tell Your story and tell who You were in the most unbiased way possible.

The most recent example that I can think of for this post is the Birka Viking Warrior. Quick history lesson; in 1880’s, antiquarians discovered a nearly 1,000-year-old Viking burial site fit with two horses, the warrior’s tools, and the warrior themselves laying on their side and positioned as if they’re running (SOURCE). It was long believed that the warrior was “male” because of the clothes that were worn, their tools, other materials that were buried with them, and their position that they laid in. It wasn’t until recently that a DNA sample showed that they were “Female.” However, this is still controversial because she had a strong male role. She was expected to take on the duties in what would be classified as a “male” in the patriarchal society. I cannot begin to tell you how many debates I’ve heard from both cultural and biological archaeologists over Viking burials when it comes into identification. We have debates and continuously propose open-ended questions because we want to make sure that we are doing everything correct. This was a controversial debate from within the archaeological community for years because we wanted to make sure that we were creating a correct biological portfolio of the Birka Viking Warrior. Lead archaeologist Charlotte Hedenstierna-Johnson, when she was working on the project, left it open enough for us to revisit the case and explore more of if this is the equivalent of a transgendered person, or if what we think that we know of Viking societies is just stereotyped from romanticized beliefs of the Victorian Era.

Now, today’s views are where the fun begins. Forensic anthropologists are heavily trained human identification and how to look at everything. I’m not a forensic anthropologist, I’m an archaeologist, but if you have a good mentor like me, then you’re trained at how to look at people in those terms. You’re trained to look at every nook and cranny presented to you to create a profile of the individual. We see everything. We can tell if you’re left/right dominant, if you had arthritis, previous surgeries, if one was a nail biter, we can tell if you’ve worn a binder, teeth grinder, economic status, social status, cultural status, malnourishment, and many things! We can see all of that… and we can most definitely tell you if you’re cis or if you are transgender/transsexual. And we refer to you in what/how YOU identify as. There are tons of anthropologists that study gender, sex, cultural identification, and LGBTQAI+ communities that challenge the binary quota and roles from back then and for today. They challenge and make others question what we see today and help bring an awareness that we aren’t two genders and sexes.

The whole point of being an anthropologist is that we study humans. We study them in all shapes and forms. We have specific ways of identifying you and specific ways in referring to you. cannot stress to you how important it is that we know this. If we come across remains that went through M|F, F|M, and so forth, we refer to you as your pronouns and how you were presented. I know that not every pronoun might be used, but if we had knowledge of that history then we try our best. I’m not going to deny that there may be some anthropologists that may misgender an individual, but if there is extensive amount of consultation then it is corrected. It’s still You.

You’re not gone, you still have a story that we will tell. We look at everything.

[russellmoreton]

Spatial Diffractions/Blueprint. by Russell Moreton Via Flickr: russellmoreton.blogspot.com/ Outpost 280922 Peripheral Vision : Relationality. Categories and things may make it easier for us to grasp reality, but they also hide its underlying complexities. Robert Cooper, 2005. Developing a constitutive nature within practices. Qualitative Reseachers. Entangled practices are productive, and who and what are excluded through these entangled practices matter, different intra-actions produce different phenomena. It is in and through an understanding of these entangled practices presented by Barad that we can begin to understand how diffractive readings can help us in our work as qualitative reseachers to produce knowledge differently. Interactions Matter. Spatial Agency. Walking Wayfinding in the City. Thinking intra-actively. Thinking with Barad's intra-action helps us fashion an approach that re-inserts the material into the process of analysis. It is a reclaiming of the material absent in its modernist limitations. It is the work of Karen Barad and other named as 'new materialists, or material feminists' to ask how our intra-action with other bodies (both human and nonhuman) produce subjectivities and performative enactments. Such questioning shifts our thinking away from how performative speech acts or repetitive bodily actions produce subjectivity, but also how subjectivity can be understood as a set of linkages and connections with other things and other bodies, both human and nonhuman. The Discursive Text/Material. Phenomenology is interested in the now, what we see, how we perceive, and how those perceptions shape or come the world that is constitutive both of our environment and us. The Keatsian concept of negative capability, that of being with uncertainty, of seeking to transcend and revise contexts, to reject constraints and open up dialogue as a throughfare for all thoughts, to ask questions and develop empathy. John Keats 1795-1821. Local artists and writers respond to the University of Winchester's Magdalen Hill Archaeological Research Project. On-site, co-directors Dr Simon Roffey and Dr Phil Marter talk about process. A negative, destructive archaeology of taking away, of context sheets for a cut (negative) or a deposit (positive): how the processes are physical and sensory as well as interpretative, how their work is forensic, piecing together, visceral, more instinct than intellect, tactile and haptic, sculptural, revealing, never final, and as much an art as a science. The Parallel Visions of Artists and Archaeologists. The artist's role here is to bring their own kind of knowledge setting aside logic and reason, to use the imagination and senses, to express through body and mind, the self, the messiness and uncertainty evoked by these material traces, mystery and wonder. Colin Renfrew, Figuring It Out, 2003. Spatial Diffractions in Interior Design. A final diffraction is to think about how the office space itself creates a diffraction. The office door, the opening, the threshold, can be viewed as the place through which waves pass, creating a diffraction. This diffraction passes both ways: in inviting those who enter and those who fail to enter. This opening further serves to reconstitute the office door as a threshold to be crossed, or as a threshold that welcomes. One invites, the other excludes. We presented examples of how Sera and Cassandra were produced differently through intra-actions with office space, other bodies, clothing, and furniture, and similarly how their entanglement with these material fixtures resulted in a mutual constitution of the material and discursive. It is through an enactment of a diffractive analysis and a re-thinking of our relationship to/with data, and to/with the material in our research sites, that we see much productive potential for research methodologists. Project Spaces/Presentations. Diagrams, maps and charts are all a symbolic depiction that emphasises mapping relationships. Keywords: Agency, Spatial Agency, Practice, Making, Architectural Body,Relational Movements,Outreach, Urban Walking, Interactions, Cultivation Field, Foraging, Finding, Gathering, Harvesting, Organism, Person, Environment, Anthropology, Archaeology, Art,

[ladyniniane]

“In November a group of anthropologists and other researchers published a paper in the academic journal Science Advances about the remains of a 9,000-year-old big-game hunter buried in the Andes. Like other hunters of the period, this person was buried with a specialized tool kit associated with stalking large game, including projectile points, scrapers for tanning hides and a tool that looked like a knife. There was nothing particularly unusual about the body — though the leg bones seemed a little slim for an adult male hunter. But when scientists analyzed the tooth enamel using a method borrowed from forensics that reveals whether a person carries the male or female version of a protein called amelogenin, the hunter turned out to be female.

With that information in hand, the researchers re-examined evidence from 107 other graves in the Americas from roughly the same period. They were startled to discover that out of 26 graves with hunter tools, 10 belonged to women. Bonnie Pitblado, an archaeologist at the University of Oklahoma, Norman, told Science magazine that the findings indicate that “women have always been able to hunt and have in fact hunted.” The new data calls into question an influential dogma in the field of archaeology. Nicknamed “man the hunter,” this is the notion that men and women in ancient societies had strictly defined roles: Men hunted, and women gathered. Now, this theory may be crumbling.”

[forensicfield]

Forensic Archaeology: An Overview

Archaeology is simply the study of past remains and it’s recovery, analysis for the information. In other words is the study of the ancient and recent human past through material remains that may aged up to millions of years. The application of ....

Continue reading Forensic Archaeology: An Overview

[thefeministherald]

Opinion | What New Science Techniques Tells Us About Ancient Women Warriors - The New York Times

This new scholarship is challenging long-held beliefs about so-called natural gender roles in ancient history, inviting us to reconsider how we think about women’s work today.

In November a group of anthropologists and other researchers published a paper in the academic journal Science Advances about the remains of a 9,000-year-old big-game hunter buried in the Andes. Like other hunters of the period, this person was buried with a specialized tool kit associated with stalking large game, including projectile points, scrapers for tanning hides and a tool that looked like a knife. There was nothing particularly unusual about the body — though the leg bones seemed a little slim for an adult male hunter. But when scientists analyzed the tooth enamel using a method borrowed from forensics that reveals whether a person carries the male or female version of a protein called amelogenin, the hunter turned out to be female.

With that information in hand, the researchers re-examined evidence from 107 other graves in the Americas from roughly the same period. They were startled to discover that out of 26 graves with hunter tools, 10 belonged to women. Bonnie Pitblado, an archaeologist at the University of Oklahoma, Norman, told Science magazine that the findings indicate that “women have always been able to hunt and have in fact hunted.” The new data calls into question an influential dogma in the field of archaeology. Nicknamed “man the hunter,” this is the notion that men and women in ancient societies had strictly defined roles: Men hunted, and women gathered. Now, this theory may be crumbling.

[ellivia]

If you could write a role for Gillian Anderson, what kind of project would it be? Which co-stars would you pick for her? Completely different question and you might have mentioned it before but what would be your dream job if you could be anything you wanted to be?

Oh my God. Ok. This is going to sound weird, but I’d love to see her in a true comedy. And I think I’d want her to be stupid...just...like...a complete dumbass. She’s good at playing the straight man, now I wanna see her as the actual comic relief. What would the movie be about? Maybe she’s a witchy hippie who lives in a tent on the beach, and does tarot and palm reading for cash? And then...um...something happens and she has to start living in the real world. And she has lots of sex with someone hot, say...Idris Elba? Or a woman, even, but idk who. Maybe we’ll throw Danny McBride or Zach Galifianakis in there too. This is a complete mess, but there it is 😂

If I could do absolutely anything? I’d probably be an archaeologist or a forensic scientist. Or both...like Bones.

Thank you!!!

[medprime]

Digital Microscope: Unveiling the World in Minuscule Detail

Introduction

Welcome to the captivating realm of digital microscopes, where the invisible becomes visible. This article delves into the extraordinary world of digital microscopes, offering comprehensive insights into their cutting-edge technology, versatile applications, and undeniable impact on various industries. Whether you're an enthusiast, a professional researcher, or someone merely curious about the hidden beauty of the microscopic universe, this guide will satisfy your curiosity and elevate your knowledge. So, let's embark on this enlightening journey of discovery with the Digital Microscope!

1. What is a Digital Microscope?

A digital microscope is a technological marvel that transcends traditional optical microscopes. It merges advanced optics with high-resolution digital imaging to capture, display, and analyze magnified specimens on a computer or other electronic devices. Unlike conventional microscopes, these digital marvels eliminate the need for eyepieces, replacing them with digital sensors and screens. The result? Unparalleled convenience, precision, and ease of sharing observations with others.

2. How Does a Digital Microscope Work?

Digital microscopes operate on the principle of capturing and processing digital images. The specimen is illuminated using LED or other light sources, and the light interacts with the object's surface. The sensor within the microscope then captures these light reflections and converts them into digital signals. These signals are then processed and displayed on a monitor, allowing for real-time observation and analysis.

3. Advantages of Digital Microscopes

Digital microscopes offer a plethora of advantages over traditional optical microscopes. Some notable benefits include:

Enhanced     Visualization: Digital microscopes provide crystal-clear images with     superior color representation, enabling a more detailed analysis of     specimens.

Digital     Documentation: With the ability to capture images and videos, digital     microscopes facilitate effortless documentation and data storage.

Versatility:     These microscopes find applications in diverse fields, from education and     research to industrial quality control and medical diagnostics.

Convenience:     Digital microscopes eliminate the need for eyepieces, reducing eye strain     and accommodating multiple observers simultaneously.

Image     Analysis: The digital interface allows for easy image analysis, making     it a valuable tool in research and industrial settings.

4. Applications of Digital Microscopes

The widespread adoption of digital microscopes has revolutionized various industries. Let's explore some key applications:

4.1 Biology and Life Sciences

Digital microscopes have become indispensable tools in biology and life sciences. Researchers use them to study cells, microorganisms, tissues, and intricate biological processes. They aid in breakthroughs in genetics, pathology, and pharmaceutical research.

4.2 Material Science and Quality Control

In material science, digital microscopes enable in-depth analysis of material structures, detecting defects and ensuring quality control in manufacturing processes. They contribute significantly to advancements in material engineering.

4.3 Education and Learning

Digital microscopes have breathed new life into science education. With interactive imaging and real-time observation, students can explore the microscopic world with enthusiasm, fostering a deeper understanding of scientific concepts.

4.4 Forensics and Criminal Investigations

In forensic sciences, digital microscopes aid in analyzing trace evidence, such as fibers, hair, and fingerprints. They play a vital role in solving criminal cases and delivering justice.

4.5 Archaeology and Geology

Archaeologists and geologists employ digital microscopes to examine ancient artifacts, fossils, rocks, and minerals. These microscopic investigations shed light on historical and geological mysteries.

4.6 Electronics and Semiconductor Industry

Digital microscopes are instrumental in the electronics and semiconductor industry, enabling precise inspection of tiny circuitry, solder joints, and electronic components for quality assurance.

5. Choosing the Right Digital Microscope

Selecting the perfect digital microscope requires careful consideration of various factors:

5.1 Magnification and Resolution

The magnification power and resolution determine the level of detail in the images. Opt for a microscope that meets your specific observation needs.

5.2 Illumination

Consider the illumination options—LED illumination provides uniform lighting and reduces heat, making it ideal for extended observations.

5.3 Connectivity

Check for connectivity options such as USB, HDMI, or Wi-Fi, depending on how you plan to use and share the microscope's output.

5.4 Imaging Software

Good imaging software enhances the overall user experience by providing features like image processing, annotation, and measurement tools.

5.5 Ergonomics and Build Quality

Ergonomically designed microscopes with sturdy build quality ensure comfortable usage and longevity.

6. Maintenance and Care

To ensure the longevity and optimal performance of your digital microscope, follow these maintenance tips:

Regular     Cleaning: Keep the lenses and sensors clean to avoid image distortion     or degradation.

Proper     Storage: Store the microscope in a dust-free and     temperature-controlled environment.

Calibration     Check: Periodically calibrate the microscope to maintain accurate     measurements.

7. Tips for Capturing Stunning Microscopic Images

Master the art of capturing captivating microscopic images with these tips:

Steady     Hand: Use a tripod or stable surface to minimize vibrations and ensure     sharp images.

Appropriate     Lighting: Adjust the lighting to highlight the specimen's features     without overexposing it.

Focus     Stacking: Combine multiple images taken at different focal points to     create a fully focused, high-quality image.

8. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: Can I capture images and videos with a digital microscope?

Absolutely! Digital microscopes allow you to capture still images and record videos of your observations for documentation or sharing.

Q: Can digital microscopes be used for professional research?

Yes, digital microscopes are extensively used in professional research across various fields, offering precise imaging and easy data sharing.

Q: Are digital microscopes suitable for educational purposes?

Definitely! Digital microscopes have revolutionized science education, making it engaging and interactive for students.

Q: How do digital microscopes compare to traditional optical microscopes?

Digital microscopes offer superior imaging, ease of use, and the ability to share observations electronically, setting them apart from traditional optical microscopes.

Q: Can I use a digital microscope for hobby purposes?

Absolutely! Digital microscopes cater to hobbyists and enthusiasts as well, providing an exciting window into the microscopic world.

Q: Are digital microscopes user-friendly?

Yes, most digital microscopes come with user-friendly interfaces and intuitive controls, making them accessible to users of all levels of expertise.

9. Conclusion

The Digital Microscope is a gateway to a breathtaking world that remains hidden from the naked eye. Its exceptional imaging capabilities, coupled with versatile applications, make it an indispensable tool in diverse fields, ranging from scientific research to education and industry. As technology continues to advance, the potential of digital microscopes to uncover new realms of knowledge is boundless.

So, embark on your own explorations with a digital microscope and uncover the wonders of the minuscule universe like never before!

[followyourheartontime]

Uses of DNA test?

As DNA technology increases every day, DNA testing has gained more popularity as well. No doubt, genetic testing can provide information regarding a person’s gene and chromosomes.

The fact that this test provides a whole lot of information with high accuracy as well has made many people turn to it. From paternity tests to investigating criminal cases, DNA tests have proven to be of much use to society and our present generation.

What exactly are DNA and DNA testing?

They discovered in the 1940s that molecules of DNA are being passed down from one family generation to another. Watson and Crick in 1953 came up with the chemical structure of the DNA and said it is in the form of a ‘helix with two strands.’

The DNA is our blueprint and occurs in all the cells of our body. The DNA strands contain coded information, which determines our unique traits and characteristics. The genetic code is in the order of the four DNA building blocks, and these building blocks (bases) occur in a rule called the ‘DNA sequence.’

All the cells of our body contain DNA; thus even hair strands and skin cells provide a convenient source for it. Just as people differ in the fingerprint, so do they have a unique DNA sequence? However, unlike the print, DNA can be used for establishing family relationships. Obviously because; half of a person’s DNA is received from the mother while the other half from the father. Besides, there are minor variations in the sequencing that makes this possible.

The method of DNA testing involves purifying DNA from the source collected and then have the minor variations read out as some sort of bar-code by a machine. By lining up the network of bar-codes from a family member next to another family, then it becomes clear whether they are related or not. If for instance, a biological relationship is absent, the DNA signatures from a child and that of a presumed parent will not be found to have up to 50% in common.

Uses of DNA tests

DNA tests have proven to be quite useful in our contemporary society. Here are some of the typical applications of DNA testing.

1.    Proof of paternity

Gone are the days when people live with the uncertainty of whether a child is theirs or not. DNA paternity tests have shown to be a reliable and definitive way of confirming a child’s paternity. Now new legislation is coming up in support of a child’s right to know their paternity status. This furthermore bolsters the importance of DNA test not only in family issues but in legal matters as well.

2.    Genetic assessment of the fetus

DNA testing plays a role even in the life of an unborn fetus. By running prenatal genetic tests, doctors can now determine whether a fetus will be born as a healthy baby or not. Prenatal testing acts to detect changes in the genes or chromosomes of the fetus before birth. This type of test is usually carried out during pregnancy if there is a higher risk of the baby possessing a genetic or chromosomal disorder. For instance; prostate cancer is now identified as a high risk. Prenatal testing would help lessen the parent’s uncertainty or help them make decisions about a pregnancy.

3.    Forensics and criminal investigations

Forensic examination now gives room for using DNA sequences to identify an individual or group of people for legal purposes. This sort of DNA testing is now widely used in criminal investigations. In cases where the culprit is not a first time offender, the police would be able to store his or her DNA profiles. And have them compared with other unsolved crimes. A DNA test can be used to identify wrongdoing, rule out a crime suspect, or implicate a suspect. Some criminal cases labeled as unsolved in the past are now handled with this new way of analyzing evidence.

4.    Useful in archaeology

With DNA tests, archaeologists now keep records of genetic codes and evolution of life on earth going back in centuries. The result is the creation of a DNA database used for comparison and reference purposes. Researchers and scientists have been able to provide proof of genetic mutation and evolution just by profiling the DNA of living things. With this, they have been able to answer questions on the origin of species.

5.    Tracing ancestral lines

Nowadays and in history, attention is drawn to family trees. DNA can be useful in search of your genetic ancestors. The fact that the Y-chromosomes in the male DNA is likely not to change. Instead, it is passed down from one generation to another makes this possible. Now, it is not uncommon to see people use DNA to establish the ethnic of their ancestors even as far back as centuries ago.

6.    Testing for a genetic disorder

Also known as carrier testing, it is done to find out if an individual is carrying one copy of a gene mutation. When present in two copies would result in a genetic disorder. This test is primarily carried out on individuals with a family history of genetic disorders or to people from a particular ethnic group with an increased risk of specific genetic conditions. Parents can be tested to ascertain if they are at risk of giving birth to children with the genetic disease.

7.    Remedy for obesity

Researches by several scientists now suggest that our ability to lose or gain weight is embedded in large part of our genes. According to ‘Time,’ studies on rodents have shown that genes regulate up to 80% of the body fat. Presently, they have been able to discover several gene variants that predispose not only us but also our offspring to obesity. However, the understanding of this genetic component is still limited, and researchers are even attempting to draw the link between genetics, exercise, and nutrition to help people lose weight.

In conclusion,

As DNA technology advances, so is the use of DNA testing. This would also mean that it becomes more accessible and cheaper. We should, however, note that even as DNA testing is quite useful, there is a dark side to it. It has its privacy implications; perhaps this would form a topic for another day.

   #DNA, #testing,  #covid19, #microorganisms

[fixomnia-scribble]

OH HELLO, this here is my research topic.

Assessing biological sex from skeletal remains is not nearly as straightforward as it’s made out to be. Sure, there are landmarks on certain bones that show stronger sexual dimorphism than others, but:

 - There is more diversity within the statistical parameters of “typically male” and “typically female” than there is between them

 - There are quite gracile men and quite robust women too

 - There are notable differences in skeletal forms between ancestral groups that further confound “Western” or “universalized” osteometric systems that compare bone measurements and distances between landmarks

 - Visual assessments of bone morphology at sexually dimorphic sites (that is, bone shapes rather than measurements) require extensive experience and are subject to the anthropologist’s own interpretation

- Gender affirming measures like facial feminization and masculinization surgery and long-term hormone therapy DO leave evidence of chosen gender expression on the skeleton, in predictable locations

 - THE WHOLE IDEA of splitting humanity into male, female and anyone-else-is-an-outlier is extremely Western and extremely weird to many cultures

 - Any decent forensic anthropologist will make a careful and detailed analysis of all your physical and contextual/social clues of gender, as well as a DNA analysis (which aren’t the be-all, end-all either.)

 - Any decent forensic archaeologist will be paying more attention to your social customs, cultural role and how you lived rather than whether your bones look more like one sex than the other

Excuse me, I am suddenly filled with great zeal and renewed energy to get back to my research.

“When they examine your bones in a thousand years, you will only ever be seen as your biological sex”

1. I’m very flattered that you think my skeleton will be examined by scientists. Thank you for believing in my longevity.

2. When I’m a skeleton a thousand years from now, I plan on being dead so tbh I don’t see this being an issue.

3. I have an anthropology degree and I’ve worked with bones (not my focus, but it was still part of my curriculum), and yes we do use terms like “female pelvis” or “male proportions” when discussing remains. Even though I’m a trans person, I’ve never once been bothered by this. Gender and sex can exhibit themselves differently in a variety of contexts and language can adapt accordingly. Tbh I’m more concerned about my job security and my access to equal healthcare, rather than the gendered language my physical anthropology instructor uses.

4. In studying these bones, I can say that the sex or gender of the specimen I was looking at was the least interesting thing about them. Do you think archeologists thousands of years from now will care what biological sex I was? No, they’d probably wonder why I have a piece of metal permanently glued to the back of my teeth. Or the fact that my jaw is misaligned. Or what my joints can say about my daily lifestyle and level of movement. These details can help paint a broader picture of what life looked like back then on a physical level. That is the story my bones tell, not the shape of my pelvis or brow ridge or whatever.

5. Ur mom examined my bone last night 😂✌️🤙👅👅