#Retinal Disorders

[globalstemcellcare]

Retinopathy Recovery: The Power of Stem Cell Therapy | Retinopathy |

https://www.globalstemcellcare.com/eye-disorder/stem-cell-treatment-for-retinopathy

[shreenetralaya]

If you're in Aurangabad and in need of exceptional eye care, Shri Krishna Netralaya is your go-to destination. Our team of experienced eye specialists offers comprehensive services to address various eye conditions. Trust us for personalized care and advanced treatments to enhance your vision and eye health.

[rahulp3]

What Are The Major Factors Driving Retinal Biologics Market Growth?

The Retinal Biologics Market is experiencing a surge in demand, fueled by advancements in eye disease treatments and a growing emphasis on vision health. According to a recent analysis by Future Market Insights (FMI), a leading market research firm, the market is currently valued at an impressive US$22.25 billion in 2022. Looking ahead, the market is projected to witness a remarkable Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 11.1% over the next six years. This translates to a staggering market valuation of US$41.92 billion by 2028, highlighting the significant potential of retinal biologics in revolutionizing eye care.The remarkable expansion of the Global Retinal Biologics sector is fueled by advancements in technology, innovative research, and a growing demand for cutting-edge treatments. As the industry continues to evolve, it presents unprecedented opportunities for stakeholders, investors, and healthcare professionals alike.Key Retinal Biologics Market Insights:

Rising Prevalence of Diabetes-related Eye Disorders and Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) The prevalence of diabetes-related eye disorders and age-related macular degeneration is on the rise, underscoring the growing need for innovative solutions within the Retinal Biologics Industry.Substantial Investment in R&D for Biologics in Retinal Disorders The industry is witnessing a significant influx of research and development resources, aimed at advancing biologics for both infectious and non-infectious retinal disorders. This investment underscores the commitment to addressing unmet medical needs.

Emergence of Specific Biologic Molecules as Therapeutic Targets Specific biologic molecules are gaining prominence as highly promising therapeutic targets, offering new hope for patients with retinal conditions.Gene Therapy as a Solution for Monogenic Retinal Illnesses With a growing number of monogenic retinal illnesses, gene therapy is emerging as a pivotal component of the Retinal Biologics Market, presenting innovative solutions for these challenging conditions.

Request a Sample Copy of This Report Now.https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/sample/rep-gb-8663

[paperboy-pb]

Okay, so there isn't good art available of *everybody* yet, but I think you should all have a little somethin'-somethin' about Matthew's class. So... there's 12 kids you need to know!

1: MATTHEW I. BOSTON -- Our protagonist! Physically disabled, even though you can't see it. Often thought of as weak. He is artsy, imaginative, sensitive, and holds a great love for life itself. Wants to leave Special Ed in pursuit of a better life, due to the abuse that many of its staff dish out.

2: ANDREA Z. BELTRAN -- Matthew's best friend! Has Dyslexia & Conduct Disorder. Seen as a "lost cause" by most. She's a bit explosive, but there's more to her than that. Andrea is old-fashioned, cynical, surprisingly caring & MUCH smarter than she's given credit for. Tends to bully their bullies.

3: MATEO-RUDOLFO ("RUDY") N. DELACRUZ -- HoH (Hard-of-Hearing) boy who's known for selling all sorts of knickknacks-- snacks, fidget toys, etc.-- to his peers. Tends to hide his hearing aids under his long hair. Allegedly crushing on Aza. Doesn't talk much, not even with ASL. But his close friends know him to be serious, organized, a little uptight, & very stubborn... with a few silly or mischievous moments here and there. >:)

4: OLIVER K. HANES -- "Frenemies" with Matthew. Dysgraphic, Dyspraxic, + some other probably-undiagnosed neurodivergence. Is ALL about tech + social media-- even filming his own vlogs, skits & pranks! Oliver is very conceited, boastful, self-centered, impulsive, and a spoiled rich boy... but not at all shallow. Will always put others first when it matters the most. Close with Jack.

5: KARL HO -- One of Rudy's friends! Has Down Syndrome + Intellectual Disability. Is often babied & lowkey excluded by others... despite being (secretly) VERY perceptive. Known to be sociable, silly, messy, & chill. Absolute gamer. Loves cartoons. Always ready to talk about girls. Sometimes makes bad choices in the name of being included, like laughing along when other kids bully Matthew.

6: AZA A. KANAAN -- Disliked by Matthew, dislikes him right back. Loved by literally everyone else. Levi's "Right-Hand Man." Aza is an ADHDer, leaning way on the hyperactive side of things. Aza is rowdy, random, & LOVES immature, vulgar shock humor. Plus anything clowncore or neon. But somehow, those closest to her claim she's also the mom friend, very loyal, open-minded, and down-to-Earth. Matthew won't believe it till he sees it.

7: JACKSON ("JACK") J. MARINE -- Matthew's #1 bully since forever! Jack speaks with a very prominent stutter, which made him a bullying target. Started various sports outside of school, as well as Karate. Thus, Jack is now tough, mean, & the strongest of the boys. Uses that status to hold himself above others. Will ALWAYS take an oppurtunity to torment Matthew for some laughs. Still only has 1 real friend. (Oliver.)

8: AMELIA MILLER -- Matthew's 2nd favorite girl! Was born with one arm. Doesn't know if she's been diagnosed with anything else. Amelia is very bubbly & soft-hearted. She loves llamas, hanging out with friends, sweets, coffee, cute boys, and pretty much anything girly. More sheltered than other kids. Doesn't have much of a backbone. Seems to fear abandonment. Usually seen with Levi & Aza.

9: WILBUR B. MORA -- Matthew's now-distant family friend. Only has one working eye, which is slowly but surely losing vision anyway due to Retinitis Pigmentosa. Wilbur is a calm, collected & peaceful math / science nerd. He especially loves animals, and can & WILL remind the teacher about the homework. Introverted, but not shy. Feels VERY held-back by Special Ed academically & tends to overwork himself at other programs, trying to fill the void.

10: AARAN PATEL -- Rudy & Karl's 3rd friend! Aaran has Tourette's, which makes him a bullying target. Not only that, Aaran's also a little awkward & VERY spiritual. He's super into Tarot cards, zodiac signs, fortune-telling, third eyes, religions, etc. And all of those factors tend to weird people out. So most don't talk to him. And they're missing out; because he's excitable, easily-impressed, and always has PLENTY to say! He also has a bit of a random fascination with superheroes & the idea of magic. Never a dull moment with this one.

11: LEVI T. TRAINOR-FANG -- Matthew's #2 bully! Claims to be his best friend despite hating him. Levi never discloses what she has, but she has implied that it's an emotion thing. Levi is an edgy, dark-minded, and cut-throat Queen-bee. Like Regina George mixed with a scene kid. Starts drama for fun & feels little remorse. While she & Jack both have the most fun tormenting Matthew as they find him to be weak & a crybaby, Levi will go after almost anyone. Her other victims include Andrea, Rudy, Amelia, Aaran, Linus, and even Jack himself. Almost everyone is terrified of her. Seems to respect Aza.

12: LINUS S. TRAINOR-FANG -- Levi's twin brother & the most disliked kid in the room! He has ADHD (Inattentive type this time!) along with Epilepsy. Linus is a gloomy yet chatty emo boy who loves writing, music, dance, & spiders. Unfortunately, he's also pretentious + overbearingly desperate to be cool. Instead of being himself or seeing others as people, he makes every trend his personality, puts people on pedestals they don't want, & refuses to talk to other "unpopular" kids like Matthew or Andrea in public. Only to be called cringe by the cool kids anyway! It's a vicious cycle that he refuses to break... and Matthew is lowkey kind of concerned.

Phew, that's a lot! It... gets easier to keep track once you see their designs, I promise, lol.

[eyecarenexus]

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[thebibliosphere]

I probably have hEDS, have had tense muscles since I was 8 and more and more of my joints started to be in constant pain, 10 years spine, 14 years hips, then hands at 19 and now all of them. And though I'm over 40 and don't practice any stretching, I still can contort myself in any direction.

But I don't know if it's worth the energy to fight for a diagnosis? Because it doesn't seem like there is any help, other than mild painkillers and physiotherapy, and I already get that. It is so much work to convince doctors to look into the source of joint pain, as soon as they can rule out rheumatoid arthritis they stop caring. And I don't belive I will get stronger painkillers even with a diagnosis anyway.

Do you think a diagnosis is woth the hassel?

For me, diagnosis was worth it because it meant getting the correct kind of physical therapy, which is often very different from the regular kind you usually get if the physical therapist is good at their job.

Regular PT used to damage my joints more. PT designed to target hypermobility has actually helped build joint stability, retrain my muscles, and reduce some of my pain by lessening the frequency of injuries.

It’s also good to know because hEDS affects more than just your joints.

I have a lot of problems with my internal organs due to how my connective tissue is affected, and my brother, who is undiagnosed but likely affected, suffered from spontaneous retina detachment twice. When I mentioned it to my eye doctor he said, “yeah, that happens to you zebras” and now I get my retinal health assessed every six months because fuck that.

It can also be good to know because of how it affects your care during things like surgery, ranging from which anesthesia they use to the type of sutures required.

When my mother had a mastectomy, she experienced several surgical complications, including not being able to get the wound site to close, so they kept dragging her back into surgery.

When I found out, I told my dad the surgical team needed to know my mother likely had hEDS because I did, and my mother and I are carbon copies of each other. When my dad told the surgeon, he apparently said, “Well, if I’d known that, I’d have done the whole thing differently!” and finally got my mother stitched up properly and into recovery.

In that regard, my diagnosis helped not just me but a family member, but also indicated the type of care I’ll likely need if I’m ever in the same situation.

So, yes, it's a hassle to get diagnosed and some (bad) doctors will frame it in terms of “there’s no cure so there’s no point.”

But for me, it’s not only been worth it but also vital to the management of the rest of my care. And let me be clear, there are some people for whom this is just a crappy joint disorder, and they are otherwise fine. But for many of us, we’re more than just our fucky joints. We’re an entire plethora of health problems that all cascade from our weak connective tissue, and it's important more people recognize that.

So is it worth it for you? That's a you decision. But it was very much worth it for me.

I wish you luck and fewer days of pain. This shit sucks.

[olderthannetfic]

https://www.tumblr.com/olderthannetfic/768016900207869952/discussions-about-terminating-pregnancies-if-the?source=share

responding to this because i have thoughts.

i've got a rare genetic disorder. it's autosomal dominant, meaning it'd be a fifty-fifty shot if i'd give my biological offspring my disorder. it's not a fatal disorder, my form. it could be mild for them (like my dad, who almost certainly has it, no diagnosis but he undoubtably meets criteria and where else would i have gotten it). probably it wouldn't even make them need significant aids to get through day to day life.

and yet, i don't want bio kids in large part because of it. maybe i'd have them if there was a known genetic marker that i could do prenatal testing for (my type is the one type of this disorder that doesn't have a known genetic marker; it's a diagnosis of exclusion). but right now? hell no.

why would i knowingly give my kid pain and suffering? even at the milder end, it's got downsides (my dad doesn't have constant pain but he had two spontaneous pneumothoraxes a month apart from each other). it increases the risk of conditions as varied as GERD, mitral valve prolapse, POTS, and retinal detachment. it gives you visible signs like weird scars. it almost certainly gives you pain anywhere there's a joint or muscle and elsewhere also. just a few weeks ago i dislocated my shoulder from wearing a backpack!

who wouldn't want to prevent their kid from experiencing that?

i'm autistic, also. does the idea of someone terminating a pregnancy because their kid could be autistic like me make me uncomfortable? of course. but it's also not that simple. some autistic people need much higher levels of care than some parents are able to provide. in a perfect world every parent would be able to care for their disabled kid.

we don't live in a perfect world.

i support a woman's right to choose in all instances. even if i think her reason is silly. even if i think her reason is ableist! it's not up to me! it shouldn't be up to me!

i will say though i do not like the idea of there being prenatal testing for autism. rubs me the wrong way. but that's a complicated issue and maybe i'm too close to it to think fairly about it, and it's a moot point because we don't have that technology yet.

--

[just-an-elf-with-the-socks]

In wake of my Modern AU Angbang, I thought I’d go ahead and share what my personal modern AU Mairon is like.

Is thirty-two but doesn’t look a day past twenty and he’s super proud of that

Was once an incredibly renowned jewelry designer in the high fashion industry until his eyesight began to deteriorate

Mairon is legally blind (this was me wanting to insert a tiny nod to the Eye)

Being legally blind isn’t the same as being blind; Mairon can still see, he just 20/200 vision, which means he can only see clearly about twenty feet in front of him

There wasn’t an any type of accident; Mairon has a rare genetic disorder called Retinitis Pigmentosa, causing severe vision loss beginning around age twenty-five

Mairon has a lot of internalized ableism but being with Melkor, who is also disabled, helps him come into his own about being comfortable with his disability

Mairon left home at a young age, determined to make himself known outside of a home where he had many siblings and was very much neglected due to being a “complicated” child

He has high taste and very often uses it to decorate his home or even make intricate sweaters for his dogs (knitting is a fun hobby for him)

Speaking of dogs, Mairon has three giant huskies. Their names are Draugluin, Thuri, and Minnie, who serves as his mobility aid

He really wants to be able to make jewelry professionally again, though he tries to hide it

Actually really good at playing the piano (this was how he met Melkor)

A great cook, loves to experiment, much to Melkor’s dismay (he’s just a baby that doesn’t want to try new things)

[vomitdodger]

Liberalism is a mental disorder. And it’s in free fall after being continually lied to by the commie Dems and willing media. Of course these people are so self loathing they willingly go along with it.

The above craze will make the major headlines in the next few days/weeks replacing the 4B movement. The common thread being ugly people (physically and mentally) saying they’re withholding sex/pregnancy because…orange man bad. The truth being no one wants these people to begin with.

Women (hOw dArE yOu aSsUmE mY gEnDeR) are getting sterilized…getting their fallopian tubes clipped…to ensure their reproductive rights…let that statement sink in for a minute.

There are so many eye rolling quotes in that article I think I gave myself a retinal detachment.

This is the equivalent of the gene pool trash taking itself out.

[afeelgoodblog]

1. Girl with incurable cancer recovers after pioneering treatment

A girl’s incurable cancer has been cleared from her body after what scientists have described as the most sophisticated cell engineering to date. Alyssa, whose family do not wish to give their surname, was diagnosed with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in May 2021.

Scientists at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children in London gave her pre-manufactured cells edited using new technology to allow them to hunt down and destroy cancerous T-cells without attacking each other. Less than a month after being given the treatment, she was in remission, and was able to have a second bone marrow transplant.

Can I get a fuck cancer?

2. The UK has made gigabit internet a legal requirement for new homes

Updated regulations require new properties to be built with gigabit broadband connections and make it easier to install into existing blocks of flats across the UK. Connection costs will be capped at £2,000 per home, and developers must still install gigabit-ready infrastructure (including ducts, chambers, and termination points) and the fastest-available connection if they’re unable to secure a gigabit connection within the cost cap

3. US cancer death rate falls 33% since 1991

The rate of people dying from cancer in the United States has continuously declined over the past three decades, according to a new report from the American Cancer Society.

The US cancer death rate has fallen 33% since 1991, which corresponds to an estimated 3.8 million deaths averted, according to the report, published Thursday in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. Partly due to advances in treatment, early detection and less smoking, report says

. . .

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Let’s continue with the good news…

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4. Lab-grown retinal eye cells make successful connections, open door for clinical trials to treat blindness

Retinal cells grown from stem cells can reach out and connect with neighbors, according to a new study, completing a “handshake” that may show the cells are ready for trials in humans with degenerative eye disorders.

Over a decade ago, researchers from the University of Wisconsin–Madison developed a way to grow organized clusters of cells, called organoids, that resemble the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. They coaxed human skin cells reprogrammed to act as stem cells to develop into layers of several types of retinal cells that sense light and ultimately transmit what we see to the brain.

5. The ozone layer is on track to recover in the next 40 years, the United Nations says

The Earth's ozone layer is on its way to recovering, thanks to decades of work to get rid of ozone-damaging chemicals, a panel of international experts backed by the United Nations has found.

The ozone layer serves an important function for living things on Earth. This shield in the stratosphere protects humans and the environment from harmful levels of the sun's ultraviolet radiation. In the latest report on the progress of the Montreal Protocol, the U.N.-backed panel confirmed that nearly 99% of banned ozone-depleting substances have been phased out.

6. Uganda declares an end to Ebola outbreak

The Ugandan government has declared an end to its Ebola outbreak, less than four months after cases were first reported. Since 20 September, 56 people have died from the virus, which is spread through body fluids, and there have been 142 confirmed infections.

The country has reported no new infections in more than 42 days – twice the maximum incubation period of the virus, a World Health Organization benchmark for a country to be declared Ebola-free.

7. Doggy ‘daycare’ bus in Alaska goes viral on TikTok

Check them out here:

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[anachr0nismm]

Mechs Disability Headcanons

[plain text: mechs disability head canons]

[a lot of these are taken from conversations with my friend @carmillatism, so please go check mech out!]

-> Drumbot Brian:

[plain text: arrow drumbot brian]

disabilities and disorders: autism, adhd, ocd, pots, cfs, fibro, hEDS, short sightedness, tinnitus, gad, ocpd, ppd, stpd, bpd, dpd, dpdr

aids: service animal (teddy), cane, rollator, crutches, compression socks, stim toys/chewellery, anti-depressants, port

extra: fluent in BSL, faints very frequently, is very easy going on his body (probably the most out of all the mechs), takes care of others when they’re going through flare ups or meltdowns or other, both because he knows what to do more than others and because he likes taking care of people, does need help from others sometimes and has some anxiety surrounding that

-> Jonny d'Ville:

[plain text: arrow jonny d’ville]

disabilities and disorders: autism, adhd, ptsd, otosclerosis, scoliosis, arrhythmia, scad, costochondritis, fibro, nut allergies, npd, bpd, amputee, dermatillomania, pots, hpd, aspd, stpd, ppd, dpd

aids: service animal (beelzebub), cane, crutches, wheelchair, compression socks, stim toys/chewellery, epipen, hearing aid, g tube, AAC device, prosthetic left leg (from knee)

extra: stims with his guns safety a lot, is a carnivore and gets very sick/has flare ups when eating something that is not meat (can eat raw meat) but needs other nutrients through his g tube, can fingerspell in BSL

-> Ashes o'Reilly:

[plain text: arrow ashes o’reilly]

disabilities and disorders: autism, adhd, asthma, costochondritis, cfs, fibro, dpdr, bpd, npd, hpd

aids: service animal (cerberus), crutches, wheelchair, nasal cannula, inhaler

extra: has a lot of asthma attacks due to smoking but doesn't stop, service animal is cerberus from udad, fluent in BSL

-> Gunpowder Tim:

[plain text: arrow gunpowder tim]

disabilities and disorders: autism, adhd, psychosis, monochromacy colourblindness, retinitis pigmentosa, cfs, fibro, bpd, hpd, npd, ppd

aids: guide/service animal (gunner), white cane, stim toys, anti-psychotics, communication/pec cards

extra: usually has a hard time being the gunner but loves just shooting at things, even if he cant completely see what hes aiming for, the aurora has braille everywhere for her to read when her eyes are particularly bad, fluent in BSL for good days when other mechs need to communicate with BSL

-> Raphaella la Cognizi:

[plain text: arrow raphaella la cognizi]

disabilities and disorders: autism, ocd, lupus, cfs, crohns, fibro, hEDS, bpd, npd, hpd, ocd, stpd

aids: service animal (carbon monoxide), g tube, cane, wheelchair, picc line, port, stim toys

extra: she gets very upset at not being able to do science on days where she can't do anything but will list her symptoms and experience to turn it into a small experiment, stims by pouring liquid between vials, spin is science (shes so carlos for that), fluent in BSL

-> Marius von Raum:

[plain text: arrow Marius von raum]

disabilities and disorders: autism, adhd, cfs, hEDS, muscular dystrophy, otosclerosis, pots, bpd, stpd

aids: service animal (gizmo), electric wheelchair, crutches, port, stim toys, hearing aid, compression socks, AAC device

extra: fluent in BSL, is the most likely to cause flare ups by overworking his body (hes just silly okay)

-> Ivy Alexandria:

[plain text: arrow Ivy Alexandria]

disabilities and disorders: autism, ocd, neuropathic pots, otosclerosis, cfs, fibro, epilepsy, tourettes, ocpd, ppd, bpd, spd

aids: service animal (daisy), cane, rollator, crutches, hearing aids, stim toys/chewellery, communication/pec cards, AAC device

extra: fluent in BSL, spin is books and languages, is nonverbal more often than not

-> Nastya Rasptina:

[plain text: arrow Nastya Rasputina]

disabilities and disorders: autism, hypovolemic pots, vEDS, hEDS, chronic venous insufficiency, raynauds syndrome, vasculitis, bpd, avpd, ppd, spd

aids: electric wheelchair, rollator, cane, ng tube, port, compression socks

extra: just stays up in the vents and talks with aurora on really bad days, body cant take solids most of the time, fluent in BSL, RSL and DGS

-> The Toy Soldier:

[plain text: arrow the toy soldier]

extra: is not real, so does not have any disabilities, but does use a cane to help stay upright, also is fluent in BSL, also uses communication/pec cards

[globalstemcellcare]

Retinopathy Symptoms You Need to Know & the Role of Stem Cell Treatment |

https://www.globalstemcellcare.com/eye-disorder/stem-cell-treatment-for-retinopathy

[sixaus-meaa]

SIX THE MUSICAL - MODERN!AU: illustration

Jane's family tree 2/2

(The Seymour family has Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA), an Inherited Retinal Disorder (IRD). It's a family of congenital retinal dystrophies that results in severe vision loss at an early age. Patients usually present with nystagmus, sluggish or near-absent pupillary responses, severely decreased visual acuity, photophobia, and high hyperopia. It is the most severe retinal dystrophy causing blindness by the age of 1 year in most cases. The white pupil represents who inherited the disorder)

[coochiequeens]

Speaking about his personal history with the BBC in June 2021, Petrillo said: “Until four years ago, if you’d talked to Fabrizio (the name Petrillo was given at birth), Fabrizio would have given you the idea he was sexist. He was a tough guy who’d speak dismissively of women and then be a woman in his private space.”

Another misogynist who couldn't succeed against other men.

By Genevieve Gluck August 13, 2024

A 50 year-old trans-identified male from Italy is set to become the first man to compete in a women’s category at the Paris Paralympics. Valentina Petrillo, whose birth name is Fabrizio, who competes in the women’s T12 classification, for athletes with visual impairments, and currently holds 8 women’s running championship titles, despite failing to earn even one while competing as a male.

Petrillo has been diagnosed with Stargardt disease, a disorder of the eye that causes retinal degeneration over time. Due to this visual impairment, he has been permitted to compete in both matches designated for women with disabilities, as well as those which are not.

At the Paralympic Games, which are scheduled to run from August 28 to September 8, Petrillo will run in the women’s T12 200m and 400m. He was cleared to compete against female athletes, despite being a man, by International Paralympic Committee (IPC) President Andrew Parsons. The IPC works closely with the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and the two have self-described as “strategic partners.”

Speaking to BBC Sport, Parsons revealed that the IPC does not enforce an official position for or against allowing men to self-identify into women’s sport, but rather “[allow] individual sports to make their rules in terms of transgender,” which results in rules that are “different from sport to sport.”

“Some are coming with different positions on transgender, or with the criteria to allow them or not to allow them, so I’m not surprised by the repercussions of it,” Parsons said. He added that he hoped the sporting community would “unite” on policies dealing with gender identity.

According to the World Para Athletics Championships guidance on participation, “an athlete shall be eligible to compete in women’s competition if she is recognized as female by law.” But their policy book goes on to note that it will “deal with any cases involving transgender athletes in accordance with the IOC’s transgender guidelines.”

Petrillo first changed his name to Valentina and began taking estrogen in 2019. The following year, he began competing against female athletes and has since broken multiple Italian women’s running records.

Speaking about his personal history with the BBC in June 2021, Petrillo said: “Until four years ago, if you’d talked to Fabrizio (the name Petrillo was given at birth), Fabrizio would have given you the idea he was sexist. He was a tough guy who’d speak dismissively of women and then be a woman in his private space.”

Mariuccia Quilleri, an athlete and lawyer who has represented several female athletes who oppose Petrillo’s participation in women’s races, told the BBC that inclusion had been chosen over fairness and “there is not much more we can do.”

See rest of article

[science-lover33]

Revolutionizing Healthcare: The Marvels of Gene Therapy

Gene therapy, a cutting-edge medical technique, has emerged as a game-changer in the field of healthcare. This transformative approach involves the modification of a patient's genetic material to treat or prevent a range of diseases. Let's embark on an in-depth exploration of the technical intricacies of this revolutionary treatment, its historical evolution, and its profound implications for the future of medicine.

Gene Therapy in a Nutshell:

Gene therapy primarily operates by introducing, altering, or repairing specific genes within an individual's cells. By utilizing viral vectors, such as adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) or lentiviruses, scientists can deliver therapeutic genes into target cells with remarkable precision, thus opening up new avenues for combating previously untreatable conditions. This precision is akin to the delicate strokes of an artist's brush, where each modification holds the potential to transform lives.

Historical Evolution:

To truly appreciate the significance of gene therapy, it's essential to glance back at its historical evolution. The concept of manipulating genes to treat diseases has been a dream of scientists for decades. The initial steps in gene therapy research were taken in the 1970s and 1980s, but it wasn't until the 1990s that the first clinical trials began, marking a pivotal moment in medical history. Over the years, the field has witnessed remarkable advancements, from developing safer delivery mechanisms to expanding the range of treatable diseases. Today, we stand on the shoulders of these pioneers, poised to achieve what was once thought impossible.

Applications and Achievements:

Gene therapy has already demonstrated remarkable success in treating a wide array of genetic disorders. Conditions like spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), hemophilia, and inherited retinal diseases that were once considered incurable are now within the realm of possibility for effective treatment. Moreover, the revolutionary field of cancer immunotherapy, a subset of gene therapy, harnesses the immune system's power by genetically modifying T cells to specifically target and destroy cancer cells, offering renewed hope to cancer patients worldwide. Excitingly, ongoing research is exploring the potential of gene therapy to combat neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, promising a brighter future for those affected by these devastating conditions. The horizon of possibilities in gene therapy continues to expand, unveiling new hope for patients and their families.

Challenges and Ethical Considerations:

While gene therapy holds immense promise, it is not without its set of challenges and ethical dilemmas. Concerns about off-target effects and immune responses necessitate meticulous research and testing to ensure the safety and efficacy of gene therapies. Ethical discussions surrounding germline editing, the potential for unintended consequences, and the need for responsible genetic manipulation are ongoing, highlighting the importance of a balanced approach to this groundbreaking technology. These discussions underscore the critical need for transparent and collaborative decision-making as we tread carefully in this uncharted territory.

Gene therapy's potential to revolutionize medicine is undeniable. As research continues to advance and ethical considerations evolve, we find ourselves at the threshold of a new era in healthcare. Stay informed and engaged as we navigate this exciting frontier, where science fiction becomes science fact, and hope is restored for countless individuals and families around the world. The future of healthcare has never looked brighter, thanks to the marvels of gene therapy, and it's a future that holds the promise of healthier, happier lives for generations to come.

References:

Kaeppel, C., & Verma, I. M. (2018). Viral Vectors for Gene Therapies: The Road Ahead. Molecular Therapy, 26(3), 699-700. doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.01.011

Rinaldi, C., & Wood, M. J. (2018). Antisense oligonucleotides: the next frontier for treatment of neurological disorders. Nature Reviews Neurology, 14(1), 9-21. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.148

Cyranoski, D. (2019). The CRISPR-baby scandal: what’s next for human gene-editing. Nature, 566(7745), 440-442. doi:10.1038/d41586-019-00550-9

[hanakokyu]

i'd like to correct something in the manga. in regards to the final form of flower breathing, the wiki states: tremendous strain on the eyes could cause blood vessels to rupture and lead to partial or complete blindness. medically speaking, this isn't physically possible. [ burst blood vessels in the eye typically does not effect vision, and the blood seen inside the sclera will absorb back into the body within a week or two. ] not to say that the capillaries don't burst --- they do. that's just not the cause of the blindness. instead, the blindness would be caused by something more akin to retinitis pigmentosa, a genetic eye disorder that causes vision loss by slowly breaking down photoreceptor cells in the retina. equinoctial vermilion eye destroys the rods and cones present in our eyes, making it impossible for the retina to detect light and convert it into signals that the brain can use for vision.

i should note that, to me, kanae will always be blind after her battle with doma. she'll be blind while she dies in her sister's arms, and she'll be blind when she lives in the au i've created for her.