#Resin Capsule Market Size

[me-amaraja]

[coldpenguintaco]

Innovative Developments in Resin Capsules Market: Polyester, Epoxy, and Acrylic Resins Leading the Way to 2028

Resin capsules are pre-packaged, resin-based materials used for anchoring and grouting applications, primarily in mining, construction, and manufacturing. They contain a resin and a catalyst, which mix and harden upon installation, providing strong, secure bonds for reinforcing structures, securing bolts, and other industrial applications. The report “Resin Capsules Market by Catalyst Type…

[industrynewsupdates]

Pharmaceutical Packaging Market Segmentation and Competitive Analysis Report 2024-2030

The global pharmaceutical packaging market size was valued at USD 139.37 billion in 2023 and is expected to grow a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.7% from 2024 to 2030.

The enormous growth of the pharmaceutical sector is one of the primary growth factors for the pharmaceutical packaging sector. The pharmaceutical business has been expanding quickly in recent years due to scientific and technological advancements, and this trend is predicted to continue over the projection period, particularly in developing nations like China, India, Saudi Arabia, and Brazil.

Gather more insights about the market drivers, restrains and growth of the Pharmaceutical Packaging Market

The U.S. accounted for the largest pharmaceutical market worldwide. Large healthcare system, high per capita income, and large investments in drug development in the country are some of the key factors driving the U.S. market. Furthermore, growing importance of generic drugs and access to better healthcare services are anticipated to provide lucrative opportunities for pharmaceutical packaging in the coming years. The 21st Century Cures Act (Cures Act) was signed on December 13, 2016, in the U.S. and is designed to accelerate medical product development. The law is expected to drive new innovations in product developments in pharmaceutical industry. This is expected to drive the demand for pharmaceutical packaging in U.S.

The pharmaceutical industry is primarily driven by the progress in the field of medicine and bioscience. In addition, pharmaceutical industry acts as a key asset to the European economy as it is one of the Europe’s top-performing, high-technology sectors. Pharmaceutical industry is witnessing significant transition and focus on the development of biopharmaceutical drugs has considerably grown over the past few years. Few biotechnology-driven drug therapies are unstable in liquid form and are, therefore, introduced as lyophilized or dry powder dosage forms. Lyophilized drugs demand specialized packaging for their optimal performance, resulting in new opportunities for packaging manufacturers.

Pharmaceutical drugs are majorly offered in tablet, capsule, liquid, and powder forms. Various packaging types, including rigid bottles, standup pouches, flat pouches, sachets, and blister packs, are used for their packaging. Packaging companies are increasingly focusing on the incorporation of dispensing mechanisms, administration aids, sustainable material, tamper-evident properties, and counterfeiting measures into the packaging to enhance their functionality and safety.

Companies are majorly focusing on the utilization of post-consumer recycled (PCR) material and are also developing packaging from compostable material to increase the sustainability of packaging. Gerresheimer AG, a leading pharmaceutical packaging manufacturer, has been offering glass bottles made from PCR glass since several years. In addition, the company is offering bottles made from R-PET and BIO-PET (resins made from sugarcane plants). This trend of sustainable packaging is expected to significantly gain pace in the coming years.

One key opportunity lies in developing intelligent packaging technologies that enhance safety, traceability, and patient adherence. Integrating IoT (Internet of Things) devices into packaging can provide real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity, and other critical parameters, ensuring the integrity of pharmaceutical products during storage and transportation. The rise of personalized medicine and specialty drugs also opens opportunities for customized packaging solutions, catering to unique dosages and administration methods. Pharmaceutical companies that can adapt to these trends and offer innovative packaging solutions are well-positioned to thrive in this dynamic market.

Pharmaceutical Packaging Market Segmentation

Grand View Research has segmented the Pharmaceutical Packaging market report on the basis of material, product, drug delivery mode, end-use, and region:

Material Outlook (Volume, Kilotons; Revenue, USD Million, 2018 - 2030)

• Plastics & Polymers

o Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

o Polypropylene (PP)

o Homo

o Random

o Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)

o Polyethylene (PE)

o HDPE

o LDPE

o LLDPE

o Polystyrene (PS)

o Others

• Paper & Paperboard

• Glass

• Aluminium Foil

• Others

Product Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018 - 2030)

• Primary

o Plastic Bottles

o Caps & Closures

o Parenteral Containers

o Syringes

o Vials & Ampoules

o Others

o Blister Packs

o Prefillable Inhalers

o Pouches

o Medication Tubes

o Others

• Secondary

o Prescription Containers

o Pharmaceutical Packaging Accessories

• Tertiary

Drug Delivery Mode Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018 - 2030)

• Oral Drugs

• Injectables

• Topical

• Ocular/ Ophthalmic

• Nasal

• Pulmonary

• Transdermal

• IV Drugs

• Others

End-use Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018 - 2030)

• Pharma Manufacturing

• Contract Packaging

• Retail Pharmacy

• Institutional Pharmacy

Regional Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018 - 2030)

• North America

o U.S.

o Canada

o Mexico

• Europe

o Germany

o UK

o France

o Italy

o Spain

o Russia

o Turkey

• Asia Pacific

o China

o India

o Japan

o South Korea

o Australia

o Southeast Asia

• Central & South America

o Brazil

o Argentina

• Middle East & Africa

o Saudi Arabia

o UAE

o South Africa

o Egypt

Browse through Grand View Research's Plastics, Polymers & Resins Industry Research Reports.

• The global polycarbonate sheet market size was valued at USD 4.64 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.7% from 2024 to 2030.

• The global packaging wax market size was valued at USD 1.95 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5% from 2024 to 2030. 

Key Companies & Market Share Insights

The global market is highly competitive owing to the presence of numerous players across the globe. Moreover, key players are consolidating their market positions mainly by acquisitions, which is further intensifying the competition. Key players directly compete with each other in securing agreements from large-sized pharmaceutical manufacturers. Thus, the competitive rivalry in the global market is observed to be high.

Players are focusing on offering value-added services to attract a greater number of clients. Spray painting, ultraviolet coating, and metallization are the commonly employed processes for coloring packaging containers that are used by packaging manufacturers. In addition, labeling and the incorporation of various anti-counterfeit packaging measures, including overt and covert technologies, such as barcodes, holograms, sealing tapes, and radio frequency identification devices, are often undertaken by the packaging manufacturers.

• In November 2023, Amcor Plc, a renowned global company known for its development and production of environmentally conscious packaging solutions, revealed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with NOVA Chemicals Corporate, a leading producer of sustainable polyethylene. The agreement includes the procurement of mechanically recycled polyethylene resin (rPE) from NOVA Chemicals Corporate, which will be utilized in the production of flexible packaging films. This initiative aligns with Amcor's dedication to promoting packaging circularity by increasing the utilization of rPE in flexible packaging applications.

• In July 2023, Constantia Flexibles introduced a new pharmaceutical packaging solution called REGULA CIRC, which utilizes coldform foil. The packaging replaces conventional PVC with a PE sealing layer, resulting in a reduction in plastic content while increasing the proportion of aluminum. This optimization not only enhances the sustainability of the packaging but also improves material recovery during recycling processes.

• In April 2023, Südpack introduced its PharmaGuard blister, a polypropylene-based blister packaging. This new product offers an outstanding water vapor barrier along with effective barrier resistance against UV and oxygen.

Key Pharmaceutical Packaging Companies:

• Amcor plc

• Becton, Dickinson, and Company

• AptarGroup, Inc.

• Drug Plastics Group

• Gerresheimer AG

• Schott AG

• Owens Illinois, Inc.

• West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc.

• Berry Global, Inc.

• WestRock Company

• SGD Pharma

• International Paper

• Comar, LLC

• CCL Industries, Inc.

• Vetter Pharma International

Order a free sample PDF of the Pharmaceutical Packaging Market Intelligence Study, published by Grand View Research.

[robertsteven65]

Pharmaceutical Innovations Boost Microencapsulation Market Expansion

Overview : 

Microencapsulation Market was valued at USD 11.6 Billion. This market is estimated to reach USD 31.8 Billion at the highest CAGR of 10.9% between 2023 and 2032.

For additional information on the vendors covered - Grab an Exclusive Sample Report https://market.us/report/microencapsulation-market/#requestSample

Microencapsulation is a technique that involves enclosing active ingredients within small capsules to protect them from the external environment. This method is essential for maintaining the stability and efficacy of these ingredients by shielding them from factors like light, moisture, and temperature. The encapsulating agent used forms a protective layer around the core substance, ensuring its controlled release and prolonged shelf life. This technology is widely applied across various industries, including pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, agrochemicals, personal care, and cosmetics.

In the food and beverages sector, microencapsulation helps to preserve flavors, aromas, and nutrients, ensuring that products maintain their quality and taste even under adverse conditions. In pharmaceuticals, it ensures that active ingredients are released only at the targeted site within the body, improving drug effectiveness and reducing side effects. This growing demand for enhanced product stability and controlled release mechanisms is driving the expansion of the microencapsulation market. As a market research analyst, it is observed that the adoption of this technology is increasing due to its significant benefits in improving product performance and consumer satisfaction across diverse applications. The microencapsulation market is poised for substantial growth as industries continue to seek innovative solutions for product protection and efficacy.

Key Market Segments

By Coating Material

Gums & Resins

Polymers

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Protein

Other Coating Material

By Technology

Dripping

Spray

Emulsion

Coating

Other Technologies

By Application

Pharmaceutical

Agrochemical

Personal Care

Food & Beverages

Other Applications

Polymers dominate the coating material segment in the global microencapsulation market, holding a major revenue share of 27.6%. This dominance is attributed to the superior quality of polymer-based coatings like polylactic - glycolic acid and polylactic acid, widely used in food and beverages. FDA approval for these applications further boosts their growth.

Spray technology leads the technology segment with a significant share of 32.8% in the global microencapsulation market. The advantages of spray technology, such as high encapsulation efficiency, stability, low cost, and high production capability, drive its adoption. Additionally, dripping technology is expected to grow at a notable CAGR of 9.6% due to its low particle size distribution and biocompatibility.

The pharmaceutical industry holds a substantial revenue share of 64.8% in the global microencapsulation market. This growth is driven by the benefits of microencapsulation, including odor and taste masking, environmental protection, and improved solubility. The food and beverages industry is also set to grow at a CAGR of 10.8% due to the rising demand for functional foods.

Top Key Players

BASF SE

Microtek Laboratories Inc.

Evonik Industries AG

3M

Dow

Bayer AG

Balchem

LycoRed Group

Encapsys LLC

Inno Bio Limited

Other Key Players

Driver: 

The wide use of microencapsulation in the food and pharmaceutical industries is significantly driving the growth of the global microencapsulation market. In the food industry, microencapsulation allows essential vitamins, minerals, and flavors to remain integrated into products, maintaining their core functional characteristics. In the pharmaceutical sector, it aids in masking the odor and taste of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and ensures their protection until they reach the target site, thereby enhancing their effectiveness.

Restraint: 

The high cost of research and development in microencapsulation is hampering the market's growth. Extensive research is required to identify suitable coating materials for active ingredients, leading to increased costs. This financial burden is particularly challenging for small and medium enterprises, limiting their ability to adopt microencapsulation techniques. 

Opportunity: 

Ongoing research and development activities in microencapsulation techniques are expected to create numerous opportunities during the forecast period. Companies are investing heavily in developing microencapsulation processes for immunity protection, which is anticipated to drive market expansion. Additionally, the rising demand for microencapsulation in the personal care and cosmetics sectors, driven by changing lifestyles, is likely to offer lucrative opportunities for growth.

Challenge:

A significant challenge for the microencapsulation market is ensuring consistent and reliable protection of active ingredients, which can be affected by the stability of the ingredients and fluctuating environmental conditions. Overcoming these technical challenges requires continued innovation and advancement in encapsulation technologies to maintain the efficacy and stability of the encapsulated products.

[spookysaladchaos]

Global Top 32 Companies Accounted for 35% of total Propolis market (QYResearch, 2021)

Propolis is a resinous substance collected from the buds of certain trees by bees and used as a cement or sealant in the construction of their hives.

The raw and unprocessed propolis commonly consists of roughly 55 percent resinous compounds and balsam, 30 percent beeswax, 10 percent ethereal and aromatic oils, and 5 percent bee pollen. Its constituents and color, ranging from golden brown to reddish to almost black, depends on the tree source of collection, the most common being dark brown. Propolis is sticky at and above room temperature, 20 °C (68 °F). At lower temperatures, it becomes hard and very brittle.

Until now, over 200 chemical compounds have already been identified in the propolis including flavonoids, terpenoids, aldehydes, aromatic acids, aliphatic alcohols and ethers, amino acids, sugars etc.

The Propolis market covers Propolis Capsules, Propolis Liquids, etc. The typical players include Apis Flora, Wax Green, Comvita, MN Própolis, etc.

According to the new market research report “Global Propolis Market Report 2023-2029”, published by QYResearch, the global Propolis market size is projected to reach USD 0.83 billion by 2029, at a CAGR of 4.8% during the forecast period.

Figure.   Global Propolis  Market Size (US$ Million), 2018-2029

Based on or includes research from QYResearch: Global Propolis  Market Report 2023-2029.

Figure.   Global Propolis  Top 32 Players Ranking and Market Share（Based on data of 2021, Continually updated）

Based on or includes research from QYResearch: 2021 data information of Global Propolis  Market Report 2023-2029.

The global key manufacturers of Propolis include Comvita, Zhifengtang, Apis Flora, Healthy Care, Manuka Health, Wax Green, Wang's, Swisse, Sunyata – Pon Lee, MN Própolis, etc. In 2021, the global top 10 players had a share approximately 35.0% in terms of revenue.

About QYResearch

QYResearch founded in California, USA in 2007.It is a leading global market research and consulting company. With over 16 years’ experience and professional research team in various cities over the world QY Research focuses on management consulting, database and seminar services, IPO consulting, industry chain research and customized research to help our clients in providing non-linear revenue model and make them successful. We are globally recognized for our expansive portfolio of services, good corporate citizenship, and our strong commitment to sustainability. Up to now, we have cooperated with more than 60,000 clients across five continents. Let’s work closely with you and build a bold and better future.

QYResearch is a world-renowned large-scale consulting company. The industry covers various high-tech industry chain market segments, spanning the semiconductor industry chain (semiconductor equipment and parts, semiconductor materials, ICs, Foundry, packaging and testing, discrete devices, sensors, optoelectronic devices), photovoltaic industry chain (equipment, cells, modules, auxiliary material brackets, inverters, power station terminals), new energy automobile industry chain (batteries and materials, auto parts, batteries, motors, electronic control, automotive semiconductors, etc.), communication industry chain (communication system equipment, terminal equipment, electronic components, RF front-end, optical modules, 4G/5G/6G, broadband, IoT, digital economy, AI), advanced materials industry Chain (metal materials, polymer materials, ceramic materials, nano materials, etc.), machinery manufacturing industry chain (CNC machine tools, construction machinery, electrical machinery, 3C automation, industrial robots, lasers, industrial control, drones), food, beverages and pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, agriculture, etc.

[fandom-gt]

So I don't typically like permadeath scenarios, especially with characters I care about. But I do like the idea of a world where tinies are considered commodities and disposable. Like you could buy a pack of them at the grocery store in varying amounts and sizes.

Tinies are commonplace and cheap. You can get them in bulk, in vending machines, in quarter capsule machines; heck, you can get a complimentary tiny in a box of condoms. They can come awake or in stasis. They're marketed for different purposes, as well. You can get ones packaged as sex toys, as snacks, as pets, or as collector's items with display stands. Schools can get them to teach kids anatomy instead of frogs.

Some tinies are more valuable than others, like the ones bred for their beauty or the ones that come trained. Tinies come from different brands and different ways they've been raised. Do you want them raised clinically or do you prefer them free range? Do you like them feral or educated? Do you like them to speak or do you prefer them dumb? Do you want them smaller than a pinkie nail or the size of a housecat? You can find any type of tiny you want for whatever purpose you want. And people can go through them very quickly for the sake of satisfying their sexual desires. It's common practice to use a tiny once and tie them up in the condom with the rest of your waste and throw it all away without a second thought.

Some people prefer to keep tinies long term, though. They're trainable and can be anything you desire them to be. You want one that follows commands? Train one yourself or buy one that comes with a manual. You want a tiny under the impression they're part of the family? You can "adopt" one raised to be "normal." You want to roleplay as a giant? They sell tinies who think they're normal sized. You want a community of tinies that worship you as their god? Easy.

This world would also fit with the pretty pet Stucky idea I've sent before. In this world, Bucky would be a pet/collector's item, to be dressed up and played with and displayed. Also, just imagine what kind of things and gimmicks YouTubers and other social media stars could do with tinies to get views. The possibilities are endless. Some clickbait video titles:

Reviewing "Super Resilient" Tiny Brand- Real Deal Or All Hype?

Finally Telling My Tiny He's Not My Little Bro And Eating Him (40 Minutes of Foreplay)!

Dildo Made Entirely Out Of Live Tinies + Demo!

Making Resin Art With Tinies (+ Giveaway)!

Footage From Micro Cam Inside Testicles Captures Tiny's Reaction To New Life As Balls Accessory

Days 1-35 Of Tiny Ball Entrapment! Viewers Vote- Should I Add A Companion?

How To Make Mini Maid Dress + Lingerie For Tinies (Patterns In Description)

Etc, there's no limit on what people can do with tinies.

-Eek

Pt 1 

[wavyunicornrider]

The aerospace market – Advanced Textiles Source

As NASA units a course for Mars and a return to the moon, and personal corporations interact in a new area race, textile corporations discover alternatives for high-performance fabrics and merchandise.

by Amy Goetzman

When does a single lemon value $2,000? When it’s in area. NASA stories that it prices about $10,000 in gasoline to launch one pound of payload into area—whether or not that payload is individuals, gear or supplies. Meaning the lemons astronaut Scott Kelly famously juggled on the Worldwide Area Station during his 2015−16 yr in area have been valued at about $2,000 each. Approaching it that method, it’s straightforward to see why supremely lightweight and powerful textiles play a important position in aerospace actions.

A  vary of entities make the most of material technologies of their aerospace gear, including NASA, army organizations, airline and aerospace corporations, universities and research establishments, climate and science packages, and Google and datacom corporations. And the growing personal area exploration business, spurred by initiatives together with Elon Musk’s Area X, Jeff Bezos’s Blue Origin and Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic, guarantees to create space journey accessible to (well-heeled) people who aren’t educated as astronauts. The area financial system is right here, with opportunities for corporations in the specialty materials business that can meet the necessities of utmost environments beyond the clouds.

NASA astronaut Robert Behnken installs ammonia line Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets, manufactured by Aerospace Fabrication & Supplies, on the Worldwide Area Station during a maintenance and development extravehicular activity session. Photograph: NASA.

Out-of-this-world materials

The people who make area fabrics noticed this coming. Composite Materials of America (CFA), Taylorsville, N.C., a subsidiary of the century-old weaving company Schneider Mills, has seen steadily growing demand for its carbon fiber textiles, notably Textral, a multidimensional carbon fiber weave. The company also produces custom materials and tapes using carbon, aramid, basalt, Innegra, fiberglass and polyethylene fibers, obtainable in unidirectional, bidirectional and hybrid weaves. CFA is certified to AS9100 Rev D., the worldwide management system normal for the Aircraft, Area and Defense (AS&D) business, as well as ISO9001.

“Carbon fiber is very strong and durable. It starts as a textile, but when it’s encapsulated in a resin and cured, it holds a shape, yet it is very lightweight. That makes it an excellent solution for aerospace use,” says David Shippee, CFA government director of sales. “We have perfected how to weave fibers to create high-tech fabrics, which perform well for our space customers. We can produce fabrics that have structural integrity, resist temperature changes, are strong and durable—basically, they are lighter, stronger, better. They save on fuel and deliver very high performance.”

The firm works intently with clients to develop textiles that go well with their design and performance necessities. While CFA’s merchandise have been perfected for use in area, many specialty Earth-bound corporations discover these high-performance supplies work nicely on the bottom.

“Some customers require technical fabrics for applications such as boats, extended solar arrays, barrier systems, vehicles, aircraft seat frames or sporting equipment,” says Shippee, noting that many luxurious and racing cars are integrating carbon fiber material into their designs. On Earth, carbon offers the same gasoline financial savings and durability it demonstrates in area.

“In many applications, if it’s made from plastic, it can be made better with carbon fiber fabrics,” he says.

Go well with up and wrap up

The fabrics produced by CFA and other specialty material suppliers that innovate for area find yourself in a variety of products. But perhaps none are as exciting as area suits. David Clark Co., based mostly in Worcester, Mass., is a pioneer within the subject, partnering with the Mayo Clinic in the 1940s to develop anti-G fits to protect Allied pilots from blacking out throughout high-G maneuvers.

“Some of David Clark’s early prototypes leveraged his ‘straightaway garment,’ which was essentially the Spanx® of the day,” says Shane Jacobs, softgoods design supervisor, Aerospace Life Help Methods, David Clark Co. Publish-war, the corporate continued to refine its go well with designs for rocket aircraft check pilots. As the area race ignited, this experience turned to multilayer full-pressure go well with development.

“We’ve been involved in every human space and high-altitude program since Gemini, including the Apollo Block 1 suits, the space shuttle program suits and the suits in development now for the Boeing CST-100 Starliner [Boeing’s next-generation space capsule that will take people to and from low-Earth orbit],” Jacobs says.

“Every suit we design is a little different. Requirements vary for suborbital versus orbital missions; the user might be suited for the duration of the flight or just for the launch. Some suits are lightweight and minimal complexity, such as the suit designed for the Starliner. Others are for longer duration missions to deep space, such as the suits for NASA’s Orion spacecraft. Those integrate complex systems, such as a feeding port, waste management and liquid cooling system. A consistent focus is always to design each suit to be low bulk, highly mobile and comfortable.”

Sample designers and engineers check go well with elements by way of CAD modeling and prototyping before manufacturing, Jacobs says. Suits are tested in quite a lot of environments, including underwater to simulate microgravity.

“Inside the suit, you are essentially in your own personal spacecraft,” he says. “It needs to be airtight yet selectively permeable to allow water vapor to escape. Other requirements are fire retardancy and high strength. We use low-elongation fabrics that will hold their shape while allowing people to move. You have to design the suit from the inside and understand what the user is feeling. If the suit isn’t optimally sized or is designed improperly, it can be pretty painful when it is pressurized.”

Naturally, he’s tried one on, although Jacobs hasn’t yet gone into orbit himself. However he says the company has an in depth eye on efforts to get shoppers into area, and he hopes to someday be a part of them. Within the meantime, the applied sciences the company has innovated for area are discovering a task in purposes on Earth, akin to Reebok’s Floatride Run Fast footwear, which advanced from an area boot design the corporate developed.

Much less glamorous than area suits, but no much less important are Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) Blankets, similar to those designed by Aerospace Fabrication & Supplies LLC, Farmington, Minn. Comprised of a thin plastic film materials simply zero.00025 to zero.00033 inches (6 to 8 microns) thick and low conducting material spacers, these engineered thermal management blankets are used to insulate essential gear within the Area Shuttle Orbiter, the Worldwide Area Station, geospatial satellites, datacom satellites and cryogenic purposes.

“Think about it the way you’d look at insulation for your house; these blankets serve as a passive thermal control device for spacecraft,” says Brent Anderson, owner of Aerospace Fabrication. “They help protect and maintain instruments at room temperature inside.” In line with the essential have to maintain weight down in aerospace products, the blankets function an alternating layer development. “They are extremely lightweight. The internal layers are a loose-weave, almost bridal veil type fabric and metalized plastic film. Even though we use up to 20 layers, it only weighs a couple of ounces per square foot. On the outside, the material is coated with metals. That shiny surface reflects incoming thermal radiation off the surface.”

Anderson’s firm is all the time on the lookout for new materials or mixtures of fibers, he says. Along with weight, low conductivity and optical properties, the textiles used in these purposes must endure the tough surroundings of area. “We end up going out often to talk with the fabric industry to see what is new,” Anderson says. “For instance, 3D weaving is really taking off. We are watching that to see how we might incorporate it into our products.”

Whilst area purposes improve, the company faces a challenge that many producers in the aerospace market experience: relatively small demand. To keep a gentle backside line, the corporate additionally produces technical tapes and printed circuits and cables for the electronics business. “We want specialized materials that do extraordinary things, but we don’t tend to buy a lot of any one thing, so the price goes up for us,” Anderson says. “It doesn’t tend to be something most suppliers want to support, because the business ebbs and flows so much. Even as the need for space textiles increases, it’s still a small market compared to others.”

Raven Aerostar is the only provider to the NASA Balloon Program Office, offering both Zero Strain and Super Strain Balloons (SPB) for scientific missions. This flight’s objective was to check and validate the SPB know-how with the objective of long-duration flight (100+ days) at mid-latitudes. Photograph: NASA.

Nearer to house

Not all aerospace textiles make it to outer area. The stratosphere, the second layer of the Earth’s environment within the zone above the clouds, is turning into increasingly crowded with specialty high-tech balloons and airships. Textile-based purposes are perfect for this zone, which is characterized by thin air, limited weather events, exposure to the ozone layer and high levels of ultraviolet radiation from the solar. Raven Aerostar, Sioux Falls, S.D., has been innovating high-altitude textiles and stratospheric balloons because the 1950s.

“These are products that will fly two to five times as high as airplanes, so we need to make sure they meet extremely high quality standards,” says Joe Beck, Raven Aerostar plant manager and program manager. “The materials and the construction must be very robust to endure the external conditions, which can range in temperature from -50°C to -90°C [-60°F to -130°F]. These are typically filled with helium, so impermeability is a critical factor as well.”

Composed of “lighter-than-air” engineered polymer-based movies, Raven Aerostar’s stratospheric balloons look as delicate as a butterfly, but they will carry payloads up to 4 tons, acquire info used in scientific analysis, carry out army surveillance and help in GPS, radar and remote communications endeavors. As a division of Raven Industries, Raven Aerostar works intently with Raven Engineered Films, the division that develops the specialty polymer film and sheeting used in these purposes.

“We have our material design expertise right next door, so it’s easy to develop new materials for specific customer needs,” Beck says. “Our goal is always thinner, lighter and stronger.”

The rising area financial system may even create demand for textile merchandise that never depart Earth. Take the work of SLO Sail and Canvas of San Luis Obispo, Calif. The company focuses on marine fabrication, but army and aerospace organizations—together with Area X, California Polytechnic State University, the Nixus Challenge Glider and drone operators—have taken advantage of its design and fabrication know-how.

Applying its experience in versatile yet taut marine merchandise, the company has taken on tasks resembling crash nets for drones and specialty tarps which are put in around missiles and rockets on the launch pad or during development, says Karl Deardorff, SLO proprietor. The tarps are constructed from anti-static material, a essential requirement in an surroundings where a rocket booster is perhaps sitting on 100,000 kilos of rocket gasoline. Some jobs may want particular qualities, similar to polyester, carbon or conductive threads.

“The point is to protect people and equipment from FOD—foreign object debris,” Deardorff says. “A rocket that’s 230 feet high can have six to eight levels of scaffolding, and if something falls, that’s a problem. An anti-FOD tarp may only be 6 to 9 inches wide, but that is enough to avert damage or loss.”

Between NASA’s brief and long-range objectives, a new area race between deep-pocketed personal corporations, and some great benefits of high-tech textiles in area exploration, the aerospace market presents great potential for specialty material suppliers, designers and producers that wish to make their mark in excessive purposes.

“This is a growing area with lots of opportunity,” Deardorff says. “There is a lot of work for us all. We enjoy working closely with our customers on these unique projects, and we enjoy the excitement of designing for an industry with such big ambitions.”

Amy Goetzman is a freelance author based mostly in Maplewood, Minn.

The post The aerospace market – Advanced Textiles Source appeared first on Techno Crats Blog.

[yourcelinesaconlineventeblr]

The aerospace market – Advanced Textiles Source

As NASA units a course for Mars and a return to the moon, and personal corporations interact in a new area race, textile corporations discover alternatives for high-performance fabrics and merchandise.

by Amy Goetzman

When does a single lemon value $2,000? When it’s in area. NASA stories that it prices about $10,000 in gasoline to launch one pound of payload into area—whether or not that payload is individuals, gear or supplies. Meaning the lemons astronaut Scott Kelly famously juggled on the Worldwide Area Station during his 2015−16 yr in area have been valued at about $2,000 each. Approaching it that method, it’s straightforward to see why supremely lightweight and powerful textiles play a important position in aerospace actions.

A  vary of entities make the most of material technologies of their aerospace gear, including NASA, army organizations, airline and aerospace corporations, universities and research establishments, climate and science packages, and Google and datacom corporations. And the growing personal area exploration business, spurred by initiatives together with Elon Musk’s Area X, Jeff Bezos’s Blue Origin and Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic, guarantees to create space journey accessible to (well-heeled) people who aren’t educated as astronauts. The area financial system is right here, with opportunities for corporations in the specialty materials business that can meet the necessities of utmost environments beyond the clouds.

NASA astronaut Robert Behnken installs ammonia line Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets, manufactured by Aerospace Fabrication & Supplies, on the Worldwide Area Station during a maintenance and development extravehicular activity session. Photograph: NASA.

Out-of-this-world materials

The people who make area fabrics noticed this coming. Composite Materials of America (CFA), Taylorsville, N.C., a subsidiary of the century-old weaving company Schneider Mills, has seen steadily growing demand for its carbon fiber textiles, notably Textral, a multidimensional carbon fiber weave. The company also produces custom materials and tapes using carbon, aramid, basalt, Innegra, fiberglass and polyethylene fibers, obtainable in unidirectional, bidirectional and hybrid weaves. CFA is certified to AS9100 Rev D., the worldwide management system normal for the Aircraft, Area and Defense (AS&D) business, as well as ISO9001.

“Carbon fiber is very strong and durable. It starts as a textile, but when it’s encapsulated in a resin and cured, it holds a shape, yet it is very lightweight. That makes it an excellent solution for aerospace use,” says David Shippee, CFA government director of sales. “We have perfected how to weave fibers to create high-tech fabrics, which perform well for our space customers. We can produce fabrics that have structural integrity, resist temperature changes, are strong and durable—basically, they are lighter, stronger, better. They save on fuel and deliver very high performance.”

The firm works intently with clients to develop textiles that go well with their design and performance necessities. While CFA’s merchandise have been perfected for use in area, many specialty Earth-bound corporations discover these high-performance supplies work nicely on the bottom.

“Some customers require technical fabrics for applications such as boats, extended solar arrays, barrier systems, vehicles, aircraft seat frames or sporting equipment,” says Shippee, noting that many luxurious and racing cars are integrating carbon fiber material into their designs. On Earth, carbon offers the same gasoline financial savings and durability it demonstrates in area.

“In many applications, if it’s made from plastic, it can be made better with carbon fiber fabrics,” he says.

Go well with up and wrap up

The fabrics produced by CFA and other specialty material suppliers that innovate for area find yourself in a variety of products. But perhaps none are as exciting as area suits. David Clark Co., based mostly in Worcester, Mass., is a pioneer within the subject, partnering with the Mayo Clinic in the 1940s to develop anti-G fits to protect Allied pilots from blacking out throughout high-G maneuvers.

“Some of David Clark’s early prototypes leveraged his ‘straightaway garment,’ which was essentially the Spanx® of the day,” says Shane Jacobs, softgoods design supervisor, Aerospace Life Help Methods, David Clark Co. Publish-war, the corporate continued to refine its go well with designs for rocket aircraft check pilots. As the area race ignited, this experience turned to multilayer full-pressure go well with development.

“We’ve been involved in every human space and high-altitude program since Gemini, including the Apollo Block 1 suits, the space shuttle program suits and the suits in development now for the Boeing CST-100 Starliner [Boeing’s next-generation space capsule that will take people to and from low-Earth orbit],” Jacobs says.

“Every suit we design is a little different. Requirements vary for suborbital versus orbital missions; the user might be suited for the duration of the flight or just for the launch. Some suits are lightweight and minimal complexity, such as the suit designed for the Starliner. Others are for longer duration missions to deep space, such as the suits for NASA’s Orion spacecraft. Those integrate complex systems, such as a feeding port, waste management and liquid cooling system. A consistent focus is always to design each suit to be low bulk, highly mobile and comfortable.”

Sample designers and engineers check go well with elements by way of CAD modeling and prototyping before manufacturing, Jacobs says. Suits are tested in quite a lot of environments, including underwater to simulate microgravity.

“Inside the suit, you are essentially in your own personal spacecraft,” he says. “It needs to be airtight yet selectively permeable to allow water vapor to escape. Other requirements are fire retardancy and high strength. We use low-elongation fabrics that will hold their shape while allowing people to move. You have to design the suit from the inside and understand what the user is feeling. If the suit isn’t optimally sized or is designed improperly, it can be pretty painful when it is pressurized.”

Naturally, he’s tried one on, although Jacobs hasn’t yet gone into orbit himself. However he says the company has an in depth eye on efforts to get shoppers into area, and he hopes to someday be a part of them. Within the meantime, the applied sciences the company has innovated for area are discovering a task in purposes on Earth, akin to Reebok’s Floatride Run Fast footwear, which advanced from an area boot design the corporate developed.

Much less glamorous than area suits, but no much less important are Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) Blankets, similar to those designed by Aerospace Fabrication & Supplies LLC, Farmington, Minn. Comprised of a thin plastic film materials simply zero.00025 to zero.00033 inches (6 to 8 microns) thick and low conducting material spacers, these engineered thermal management blankets are used to insulate essential gear within the Area Shuttle Orbiter, the Worldwide Area Station, geospatial satellites, datacom satellites and cryogenic purposes.

“Think about it the way you’d look at insulation for your house; these blankets serve as a passive thermal control device for spacecraft,” says Brent Anderson, owner of Aerospace Fabrication. “They help protect and maintain instruments at room temperature inside.” In line with the essential have to maintain weight down in aerospace products, the blankets function an alternating layer development. “They are extremely lightweight. The internal layers are a loose-weave, almost bridal veil type fabric and metalized plastic film. Even though we use up to 20 layers, it only weighs a couple of ounces per square foot. On the outside, the material is coated with metals. That shiny surface reflects incoming thermal radiation off the surface.”

Anderson’s firm is all the time on the lookout for new materials or mixtures of fibers, he says. Along with weight, low conductivity and optical properties, the textiles used in these purposes must endure the tough surroundings of area. “We end up going out often to talk with the fabric industry to see what is new,” Anderson says. “For instance, 3D weaving is really taking off. We are watching that to see how we might incorporate it into our products.”

Whilst area purposes improve, the company faces a challenge that many producers in the aerospace market experience: relatively small demand. To keep a gentle backside line, the corporate additionally produces technical tapes and printed circuits and cables for the electronics business. “We want specialized materials that do extraordinary things, but we don’t tend to buy a lot of any one thing, so the price goes up for us,” Anderson says. “It doesn’t tend to be something most suppliers want to support, because the business ebbs and flows so much. Even as the need for space textiles increases, it’s still a small market compared to others.”

Raven Aerostar is the only provider to the NASA Balloon Program Office, offering both Zero Strain and Super Strain Balloons (SPB) for scientific missions. This flight’s objective was to check and validate the SPB know-how with the objective of long-duration flight (100+ days) at mid-latitudes. Photograph: NASA.

Nearer to house

Not all aerospace textiles make it to outer area. The stratosphere, the second layer of the Earth’s environment within the zone above the clouds, is turning into increasingly crowded with specialty high-tech balloons and airships. Textile-based purposes are perfect for this zone, which is characterized by thin air, limited weather events, exposure to the ozone layer and high levels of ultraviolet radiation from the solar. Raven Aerostar, Sioux Falls, S.D., has been innovating high-altitude textiles and stratospheric balloons because the 1950s.

“These are products that will fly two to five times as high as airplanes, so we need to make sure they meet extremely high quality standards,” says Joe Beck, Raven Aerostar plant manager and program manager. “The materials and the construction must be very robust to endure the external conditions, which can range in temperature from -50°C to -90°C [-60°F to -130°F]. These are typically filled with helium, so impermeability is a critical factor as well.”

Composed of “lighter-than-air” engineered polymer-based movies, Raven Aerostar’s stratospheric balloons look as delicate as a butterfly, but they will carry payloads up to 4 tons, acquire info used in scientific analysis, carry out army surveillance and help in GPS, radar and remote communications endeavors. As a division of Raven Industries, Raven Aerostar works intently with Raven Engineered Films, the division that develops the specialty polymer film and sheeting used in these purposes.

“We have our material design expertise right next door, so it’s easy to develop new materials for specific customer needs,” Beck says. “Our goal is always thinner, lighter and stronger.”

The rising area financial system may even create demand for textile merchandise that never depart Earth. Take the work of SLO Sail and Canvas of San Luis Obispo, Calif. The company focuses on marine fabrication, but army and aerospace organizations—together with Area X, California Polytechnic State University, the Nixus Challenge Glider and drone operators—have taken advantage of its design and fabrication know-how.

Applying its experience in versatile yet taut marine merchandise, the company has taken on tasks resembling crash nets for drones and specialty tarps which are put in around missiles and rockets on the launch pad or during development, says Karl Deardorff, SLO proprietor. The tarps are constructed from anti-static material, a essential requirement in an surroundings where a rocket booster is perhaps sitting on 100,000 kilos of rocket gasoline. Some jobs may want particular qualities, similar to polyester, carbon or conductive threads.

“The point is to protect people and equipment from FOD—foreign object debris,” Deardorff says. “A rocket that’s 230 feet high can have six to eight levels of scaffolding, and if something falls, that’s a problem. An anti-FOD tarp may only be 6 to 9 inches wide, but that is enough to avert damage or loss.”

Between NASA’s brief and long-range objectives, a new area race between deep-pocketed personal corporations, and some great benefits of high-tech textiles in area exploration, the aerospace market presents great potential for specialty material suppliers, designers and producers that wish to make their mark in excessive purposes.

“This is a growing area with lots of opportunity,” Deardorff says. “There is a lot of work for us all. We enjoy working closely with our customers on these unique projects, and we enjoy the excitement of designing for an industry with such big ambitions.”

Amy Goetzman is a freelance author based mostly in Maplewood, Minn.

The post The aerospace market – Advanced Textiles Source appeared first on Techno Crats Blog.

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The aerospace market – Advanced Textiles Source

As NASA units a course for Mars and a return to the moon, and personal corporations interact in a new area race, textile corporations discover alternatives for high-performance fabrics and merchandise.

by Amy Goetzman

When does a single lemon value $2,000? When it’s in area. NASA stories that it prices about $10,000 in gasoline to launch one pound of payload into area—whether or not that payload is individuals, gear or supplies. Meaning the lemons astronaut Scott Kelly famously juggled on the Worldwide Area Station during his 2015−16 yr in area have been valued at about $2,000 each. Approaching it that method, it’s straightforward to see why supremely lightweight and powerful textiles play a important position in aerospace actions.

A  vary of entities make the most of material technologies of their aerospace gear, including NASA, army organizations, airline and aerospace corporations, universities and research establishments, climate and science packages, and Google and datacom corporations. And the growing personal area exploration business, spurred by initiatives together with Elon Musk’s Area X, Jeff Bezos’s Blue Origin and Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic, guarantees to create space journey accessible to (well-heeled) people who aren’t educated as astronauts. The area financial system is right here, with opportunities for corporations in the specialty materials business that can meet the necessities of utmost environments beyond the clouds.

NASA astronaut Robert Behnken installs ammonia line Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) blankets, manufactured by Aerospace Fabrication & Supplies, on the Worldwide Area Station during a maintenance and development extravehicular activity session. Photograph: NASA.

Out-of-this-world materials

The people who make area fabrics noticed this coming. Composite Materials of America (CFA), Taylorsville, N.C., a subsidiary of the century-old weaving company Schneider Mills, has seen steadily growing demand for its carbon fiber textiles, notably Textral, a multidimensional carbon fiber weave. The company also produces custom materials and tapes using carbon, aramid, basalt, Innegra, fiberglass and polyethylene fibers, obtainable in unidirectional, bidirectional and hybrid weaves. CFA is certified to AS9100 Rev D., the worldwide management system normal for the Aircraft, Area and Defense (AS&D) business, as well as ISO9001.

“Carbon fiber is very strong and durable. It starts as a textile, but when it’s encapsulated in a resin and cured, it holds a shape, yet it is very lightweight. That makes it an excellent solution for aerospace use,” says David Shippee, CFA government director of sales. “We have perfected how to weave fibers to create high-tech fabrics, which perform well for our space customers. We can produce fabrics that have structural integrity, resist temperature changes, are strong and durable—basically, they are lighter, stronger, better. They save on fuel and deliver very high performance.”

The firm works intently with clients to develop textiles that go well with their design and performance necessities. While CFA’s merchandise have been perfected for use in area, many specialty Earth-bound corporations discover these high-performance supplies work nicely on the bottom.

“Some customers require technical fabrics for applications such as boats, extended solar arrays, barrier systems, vehicles, aircraft seat frames or sporting equipment,” says Shippee, noting that many luxurious and racing cars are integrating carbon fiber material into their designs. On Earth, carbon offers the same gasoline financial savings and durability it demonstrates in area.

“In many applications, if it’s made from plastic, it can be made better with carbon fiber fabrics,” he says.

Go well with up and wrap up

The fabrics produced by CFA and other specialty material suppliers that innovate for area find yourself in a variety of products. But perhaps none are as exciting as area suits. David Clark Co., based mostly in Worcester, Mass., is a pioneer within the subject, partnering with the Mayo Clinic in the 1940s to develop anti-G fits to protect Allied pilots from blacking out throughout high-G maneuvers.

“Some of David Clark’s early prototypes leveraged his ‘straightaway garment,’ which was essentially the Spanx® of the day,” says Shane Jacobs, softgoods design supervisor, Aerospace Life Help Methods, David Clark Co. Publish-war, the corporate continued to refine its go well with designs for rocket aircraft check pilots. As the area race ignited, this experience turned to multilayer full-pressure go well with development.

“We’ve been involved in every human space and high-altitude program since Gemini, including the Apollo Block 1 suits, the space shuttle program suits and the suits in development now for the Boeing CST-100 Starliner [Boeing’s next-generation space capsule that will take people to and from low-Earth orbit],” Jacobs says.

“Every suit we design is a little different. Requirements vary for suborbital versus orbital missions; the user might be suited for the duration of the flight or just for the launch. Some suits are lightweight and minimal complexity, such as the suit designed for the Starliner. Others are for longer duration missions to deep space, such as the suits for NASA’s Orion spacecraft. Those integrate complex systems, such as a feeding port, waste management and liquid cooling system. A consistent focus is always to design each suit to be low bulk, highly mobile and comfortable.”

Sample designers and engineers check go well with elements by way of CAD modeling and prototyping before manufacturing, Jacobs says. Suits are tested in quite a lot of environments, including underwater to simulate microgravity.

“Inside the suit, you are essentially in your own personal spacecraft,” he says. “It needs to be airtight yet selectively permeable to allow water vapor to escape. Other requirements are fire retardancy and high strength. We use low-elongation fabrics that will hold their shape while allowing people to move. You have to design the suit from the inside and understand what the user is feeling. If the suit isn’t optimally sized or is designed improperly, it can be pretty painful when it is pressurized.”

Naturally, he’s tried one on, although Jacobs hasn’t yet gone into orbit himself. However he says the company has an in depth eye on efforts to get shoppers into area, and he hopes to someday be a part of them. Within the meantime, the applied sciences the company has innovated for area are discovering a task in purposes on Earth, akin to Reebok’s Floatride Run Fast footwear, which advanced from an area boot design the corporate developed.

Much less glamorous than area suits, but no much less important are Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) Blankets, similar to those designed by Aerospace Fabrication & Supplies LLC, Farmington, Minn. Comprised of a thin plastic film materials simply zero.00025 to zero.00033 inches (6 to 8 microns) thick and low conducting material spacers, these engineered thermal management blankets are used to insulate essential gear within the Area Shuttle Orbiter, the Worldwide Area Station, geospatial satellites, datacom satellites and cryogenic purposes.

“Think about it the way you’d look at insulation for your house; these blankets serve as a passive thermal control device for spacecraft,” says Brent Anderson, owner of Aerospace Fabrication. “They help protect and maintain instruments at room temperature inside.” In line with the essential have to maintain weight down in aerospace products, the blankets function an alternating layer development. “They are extremely lightweight. The internal layers are a loose-weave, almost bridal veil type fabric and metalized plastic film. Even though we use up to 20 layers, it only weighs a couple of ounces per square foot. On the outside, the material is coated with metals. That shiny surface reflects incoming thermal radiation off the surface.”

Anderson’s firm is all the time on the lookout for new materials or mixtures of fibers, he says. Along with weight, low conductivity and optical properties, the textiles used in these purposes must endure the tough surroundings of area. “We end up going out often to talk with the fabric industry to see what is new,” Anderson says. “For instance, 3D weaving is really taking off. We are watching that to see how we might incorporate it into our products.”

Whilst area purposes improve, the company faces a challenge that many producers in the aerospace market experience: relatively small demand. To keep a gentle backside line, the corporate additionally produces technical tapes and printed circuits and cables for the electronics business. “We want specialized materials that do extraordinary things, but we don’t tend to buy a lot of any one thing, so the price goes up for us,” Anderson says. “It doesn’t tend to be something most suppliers want to support, because the business ebbs and flows so much. Even as the need for space textiles increases, it’s still a small market compared to others.”

Raven Aerostar is the only provider to the NASA Balloon Program Office, offering both Zero Strain and Super Strain Balloons (SPB) for scientific missions. This flight’s objective was to check and validate the SPB know-how with the objective of long-duration flight (100+ days) at mid-latitudes. Photograph: NASA.

Nearer to house

Not all aerospace textiles make it to outer area. The stratosphere, the second layer of the Earth’s environment within the zone above the clouds, is turning into increasingly crowded with specialty high-tech balloons and airships. Textile-based purposes are perfect for this zone, which is characterized by thin air, limited weather events, exposure to the ozone layer and high levels of ultraviolet radiation from the solar. Raven Aerostar, Sioux Falls, S.D., has been innovating high-altitude textiles and stratospheric balloons because the 1950s.

“These are products that will fly two to five times as high as airplanes, so we need to make sure they meet extremely high quality standards,” says Joe Beck, Raven Aerostar plant manager and program manager. “The materials and the construction must be very robust to endure the external conditions, which can range in temperature from -50°C to -90°C [-60°F to -130°F]. These are typically filled with helium, so impermeability is a critical factor as well.”

Composed of “lighter-than-air” engineered polymer-based movies, Raven Aerostar’s stratospheric balloons look as delicate as a butterfly, but they will carry payloads up to 4 tons, acquire info used in scientific analysis, carry out army surveillance and help in GPS, radar and remote communications endeavors. As a division of Raven Industries, Raven Aerostar works intently with Raven Engineered Films, the division that develops the specialty polymer film and sheeting used in these purposes.

“We have our material design expertise right next door, so it’s easy to develop new materials for specific customer needs,” Beck says. “Our goal is always thinner, lighter and stronger.”

The rising area financial system may even create demand for textile merchandise that never depart Earth. Take the work of SLO Sail and Canvas of San Luis Obispo, Calif. The company focuses on marine fabrication, but army and aerospace organizations—together with Area X, California Polytechnic State University, the Nixus Challenge Glider and drone operators—have taken advantage of its design and fabrication know-how.

Applying its experience in versatile yet taut marine merchandise, the company has taken on tasks resembling crash nets for drones and specialty tarps which are put in around missiles and rockets on the launch pad or during development, says Karl Deardorff, SLO proprietor. The tarps are constructed from anti-static material, a essential requirement in an surroundings where a rocket booster is perhaps sitting on 100,000 kilos of rocket gasoline. Some jobs may want particular qualities, similar to polyester, carbon or conductive threads.

“The point is to protect people and equipment from FOD—foreign object debris,” Deardorff says. “A rocket that’s 230 feet high can have six to eight levels of scaffolding, and if something falls, that’s a problem. An anti-FOD tarp may only be 6 to 9 inches wide, but that is enough to avert damage or loss.”

Between NASA’s brief and long-range objectives, a new area race between deep-pocketed personal corporations, and some great benefits of high-tech textiles in area exploration, the aerospace market presents great potential for specialty material suppliers, designers and producers that wish to make their mark in excessive purposes.

“This is a growing area with lots of opportunity,” Deardorff says. “There is a lot of work for us all. We enjoy working closely with our customers on these unique projects, and we enjoy the excitement of designing for an industry with such big ambitions.”

Amy Goetzman is a freelance author based mostly in Maplewood, Minn.

The post The aerospace market – Advanced Textiles Source appeared first on Techno Crats Blog.