#ROSNEFT

[tomorrowusa]

Ukraine is hitting Russia where it hurts – in its fossil fuel industry.

Ukrainian drones have attacked several oil refineries in Russia, hundreds of kilometres from the frontline in regions including Ryazan, Nizhny Novgorod and Leningrad. The continuing attacks are part of a strategy to hurt Russia’s economy. The Ryazan oil refinery, Rosneft’s biggest refinery, was set ablaze, a regional governor said on Wednesday. It shut down two damaged primary oil refining units. Rosneft did not comment. The plant handles about 5.8% of Russia’s total refined crude, according to industry sources. A fire broke out at Norsi, Russia’s fourth-largest refinery, after a Ukrainian drone attack, Russian officials said on Tuesday. Its main crude distillation unit was damaged, which means that at least half of the refinery’s production is halted, according to industry sources. Norsi handles nearly 6% of Russia’s total refined crude. Before the latest drone attack, one of its two catalytic crackers had already been put out of action. The governor of the Leningrad region, Alexander Drozdenko, said a Ukrainian drone targeted the Kirishi refinery. It is one of the top two refineries in Russia, handling 6.4% of Russia’s capacity, according to industry sources. And the Novoshakhtinsk export oil refinery in Russia’s southern Rostov region had to suspend operations on Wednesday after a drone attack.

Russia's economy is about the same size as that of Italy which has maybe 40% as many people as Russia. And much of that economy is centered on fossil fuels. Putin and his oligarch buddies skim off graft to enrich themselves; those superyachts, palaces, and prime real estate properties abroad are all ultimately paid for by countries which import Russian oil and gas. Meanwhile, Russians outside the big cities live in poverty; imagine a 1920s standard of living but with censored internet and state TV.

Ukraine is doing the climate a big favor by indirectly encouraging importers of Russian fossil fuels to look for cleaner replacements.

Some other bits of good news for Ukraine...

EU agrees to €5 billion boost in Ukraine military aid

European Union member states agreed Wednesday to provide Ukraine with an additional  €5 billion ($5.5 billion) in military aid. Belgium, which holds the EU's rotating presidency, said ambassadors from the bloc's 27 nations had agreed "in principle" on the plan to support arms supplies to Kyiv in 2024.  The contribution of €5 billion will go on EU-managed fund called the European Peace Facility. The fund operates as a giant cashback scheme, giving EU members refunds for sending munitions to other countries. Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba called it a "powerful and timely demonstration of European unity."

White House announces $300 million military aid package for Ukraine

With new aid for Ukraine stalled in Congress since December, the White House on Tuesday announced it had cobbled together another $300 million in military assistance to use as a stopgap measure. "The package includes munitions and rounds to help Ukraine hold the line against Russia's brutal attacks for the next couple of weeks,” President Joe Biden said in a meeting with Polish President Andrzej Duda and Prime Minister Donald Tusk at the White House, adding, "we must act before it literally is too late.” National security adviser Jake Sullivan detailed the package at White House briefing, saying that the aid comes as Ukraine "does not have enough ammunition to fire back." "So today, on behalf of President Biden, I'm announcing an emergency package of security assistance of $300 million worth of weapons and equipment to address some of Ukraine's pressing needs," Sullivan said.

French National Assembly approves bilateral security agreement with Ukraine

The 10-year security pact with Ukraine includes commitments by Paris to deliver more arms, train soldiers and send up to 3 billion euros ($3.2 billion) in military aid to Ukraine in 2024. Macron has also adopted a tougher stance towards Russia, urging Ukraine's allies to urgently do more. He also did not rule out the presence of Western troops in Ukraine which has created a backlash among some Ukrainian officials had told Reuters they were worried that a vote not overwhelmingly in favour of Kyiv would be negative symbolically and could hurt President Emmanuel Macron's efforts to ramp up his country's support in the coming months.

AOC says Democrats must take advantage of ‘razor-thin’ House margin after Ken Buck steps down

In an unexpected Tuesday evening announcement, Mr Buck — a Republican from Colorado — said he would leave Congress next Friday, rather than retiring at the end of his term as originally planned. Afterwards, Republicans will hold just 218 seats out of 435 in the House, leaving Democrats one step closer to clinching the majority. Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, a Democrat from New York and member of the progressive Squad, told The Independent her party must take advantage of Mr Buck’s early departure. Ms Ocasio-Cortez said Democrats “have to make sure that that we see that do the best we can to navigate how razor-thin the situation is.”

That last item is rather interesting. Ken Buck, a never-Trump Republican, is stepping down early. His seat in a deep red district will be vacant until late June when a special election is likely to take place. His departure will leave the House GOP (for now) with 218 seats – the bare minimum for a majority. This will make it easier for Democrats to persuade several remaining anti-Putin Republicans to defy Speaker "MAGA Mike" Johnson's wishes and support President Biden's aid package for Ukraine.

[inprimalinie]

Întreruperea aprovizionării cu petrol. Povestea în jurul Lukoil devine confuză și ce înseamnă aceasta pentru Slovacia

Postoj: Producția de motorină din Slovacia este în pericol din cauza acțiunilor Ucrainei. Georgiana Arsene Problema livrărilor de petrol rusesc către Slovacia și Ungaria are două niveluri: economic și politic, scrie Postoj. Bratislava și Budapesta au intrat într-o dispută nu numai cu Kievul, ci și cu Comisia Europeană. Între timp, producția de motorină din Slovacia a fost amenințată – iar…

[sequelscreen]

Reliance to Buy Russian Oil in Roubles: A Strategic Shift in Global Trade

In a significant move that underscores the evolving dynamics of global trade, India’s Reliance Industries has inked a one-year deal with Russia’s Rosneft to purchase oil in roubles. This shift aligns with Russian President Vladimir Putin’s directive for Moscow and its trading partners to bypass the Western financial system amid ongoing U.S. and European sanctions.

Key Details of the Deal

According to sources close to Reuters, Reliance, which operates the world’s largest refining complex, will buy at least 3 million barrels of oil monthly from Rosneft. The agreement, effective from the start of the Indian financial year on April 1, allows Reliance to secure discounted crude oil amidst anticipated supply cuts by the OPEC+ group.

OPEC+, consisting of the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and allies including Russia, is set to discuss extending these cuts in a meeting on June 2. This move is crucial for Reliance as it navigates the fluctuating oil market.

India’s Growing Role in Russian Oil Imports

India, now the largest buyer of seaborne Russian crude, has significantly increased its imports since Western nations imposed sanctions on Moscow following Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Payments for these imports have been made in various currencies, including rupees, dirhams, and Chinese yuan, reflecting India’s flexible approach to circumvent financial restrictions.

While state-owned Indian refiners have been active in the spot market for Russian oil due to challenges in finalizing term supplies, Reliance’s new deal with Rosneft ensures a stable supply at favorable rates. This deal includes the purchase of two cargoes of approximately one million barrels of Urals crude monthly, with the option to buy four additional cargoes at a $3 per barrel discount to the Middle East Dubai benchmark. Additionally, Reliance will buy one to two cargoes of low-sulphur ESPO Blend crude from Russia’s Pacific port of Kozmino at a $1 premium to Dubai quotes.

Strategic Implications and Payment Mechanism

Rosneft has emphasized its strategic partnership with India, highlighting ongoing collaborations in oil production, refining, and trading. The company maintains that its commercial valuation approaches are consistent across private and state-controlled entities.

To facilitate the rouble-based transactions, Reliance will utilize India’s HDFC Bank and Russia’s Gazprombank, though specific details of the payment mechanism remain undisclosed. Both HDFC Bank and Gazprombank declined to comment on the arrangement.

Reliance’s strategic pivot to rouble payments signifies a broader trend of diversifying trade mechanisms to mitigate the impact of Western sanctions. As global trade continues to adapt to geopolitical shifts, this deal marks a pivotal moment in the India-Russia energy partnership, potentially setting a precedent for future international trade agreements.

[scienza-magia]

Ridotta del 16% la produzione petrolifera Russa

Attacchi e sanzioni: così il petrolio russo comincia a vacillare. I droni ucraini fermano le raffinerie, mentre crollano le esportazioni verso India e Turchia. La svolta dallo scorso autunno, quando le misure occidentali contro Mosca e i suoi alleati hanno iniziato ad essere applicate con maggiore severità. Da una parte i droni ucraini, sempre più potenti e precisi, tanto da aver messo ko un decimo della capacità di raffinazione russa nel giro di quarantott’ore. Dall’altra le sanzioni, che dallo scorso autunno hanno iniziato a “mordere” davvero, fino a scoraggiare le importazioni di partner di ferro come l’India e la Turchia. Sul fronte del petrolio Mosca, a due anni dall’invasione dell’Ucraina, ha smesso di sembrare invulnerabile: una discontinuità rilevante, anche se è presto per definirla una svolta, che in futuro potrebbe incidere sull’andamento del conflitto oltre che avere un impatto rialzista sui mercati energetici. Gli ultimi sviluppi hanno già contribuito a riaccendere le quotazioni del barile, spingendo il Brent ai massimi da quattro mesi, vicino a 85 dollari. Con una produzione di greggio che tuttora è stimata intorno a 9,5 milioni di barili al giorno, la Russia è seconda soltanto agli Stati Uniti. E rimane un fornitore di cui a livello globale è impossibile fare a meno per soddisfare la domanda. Le sue esportazioni nonostante l’embargo occidentale sono rimaste quasi invariate rispetto a prima della guerra: Mosca è stata abilissima nel dirottarle in tempi rapidi verso l’Asia, spostando i sacrifici soprattutto sulle spalle delle compagnie. I profitti delle società russe dell’Oil & Gas sono crollati (di oltre il 40% solo nel 2023), a causa dello sforzo, logistico e non solo, per conquistare nuovi clienti e per la necessità di concedere forti sconti, in parte legata al “price cap”, misura sanzionatoria sui generis che vieta ai Paesi del G7 di fornire trasporti, assicurazioni o altri servizi a meno che Mosca non si pieghi a vendere al di sotto di un certo prezzo. Ma nonostante tutto il petrolio, oggi come in passato, continua ad essere la prima fonte di entrate per lo Stato russo. Ed è una fonte che si è assottigliata molto meno del previsto.

Difendendo i volumi d’esportazione, lasciando svalutare il rublo e più che raddoppiando il carico fiscale per le società del settore, l’anno scorso Mosca è riuscita ad incassare l’equivalente di 108 miliardi di dollari grazie all’Oil&Gas: una cifra pari a un terzo delle entrate statali e in linea con il 2021, prima dell’invasione dell’Ucraina (anche se inferiore al 2022, segnato da prezzi record per l’energia), come fa notare un’analisi dell’Oies su dati del ministero delle Finanze russo. È soprattutto il petrolio a finanziare la guerra contro Kiev. Ed è proprio per questo che rappresenta anche il tallone d’Achille della Russia: il punto più vulnerabile, difficile ma non impossibile da colpire se si vuole fermare lo sforzo bellico. E qualche colpo pericoloso – per quanto non ancora decisivo – oggi ha cominciato ad arrivare. Una variabile imprevista è quella dei droni ucraini, solo di recente perfezionati al punto da penetrare per centinaia di chilometri in territorio russo, andando a segno con precisione crescente su obiettivi strategici, tra cui proprio le infrastrutture petrolifere. In vista delle elezioni presidenziali russe (al via il 15 marzo) Kiev ha intensificato gli attacchi, riuscendo a danneggiare due tra le maggiori raffinerie del Paese: l’impianto Norsi di Lukoil, nella regione di Nizhny Novgorod, e l’impianto Rosneft di Ryazan, a 200 km dalla capitale. C’erano stati altri attacchi a gennaio, che avevano ridotto di 400mila barili al giorno (o del 7%) la produzione di carburanti delle raffinerie russe, stima Viktor Katona di Kpler. In seguito c’era stato un parziale recupero, ma l’offensiva di questi giorni per l’analista potrebbe avere conseguenze più gravi, fermando fino al 14% della capacità totale. Mosca ha già vietato l’esportazione di benzina per sei mesi a partire da marzo, per contrastare rincari alla pompa (e forse carenze) sul mercato domestico. Presto potrebbe essere costretta a limitare anche l’export di diesel e altri prodotti raffinati. «Niente di critico, vorrà dire che esporteremo più greggio», ha minimizzato il viceministro dell’Energia Pavel Sorokin secondo la Tass. Ma in realtà anche su questo fronte ci sono difficoltà crescenti. L’export di greggio russo – rimasto piuttosto stabile da inizio anno, con una media di 3,48 milioni di barili al giorno – «probabilmente ha raggiunto un picco», si legge in un report di Gibson. Kiev ha anche intensificato le operazioni con droni sottomarini nello stretto di Kerch e al largo della Crimea, fa notare la società, e questo comporta «ulteriori rischi, oltre a quello delle mine, per le navi con carichi russi nel Mar Nero». Ma gli ostacoli maggiori derivano dal giro di vite sulle sanzioni, su cui le potenze occidentali sono diventate molto più rigorose, cominciando dallo scorso autunno a punire le violazioni con maggiore frequenza e severità. Da novembre in avanti gli Usa, seguiti dagli alleati europei, hanno messo in black list più di 40 navi e una serie di società di diversi Paesi, accusate di agevolare l’export di petrolio russo aggirando le regole sul price cap: una svolta che secondo il broker marittimo Poten & Partners ha scatenato «un esodo di armatori occidentali» dalle attività di trasporto. La paura delle sanzioni Usa, scrive Reuters, ha spinto improvvisamente i registri navali della Liberia e delle Isole Marshall a ritirare le bandiere alle petroliere russe, ostacolandone la navigazione. Non basta. Nello stesso periodo Mosca ha iniziato ad accusare difficoltà anche in India e in Turchia: Paesi che avevano accolto a braccia aperte i barili russi, ma in cui gli acquisti sono crollati. L’India in particolare ha fatto un dietrofront clamoroso, respingendo carichi di greggio Sokol mentre le petroliere erano già in viaggio, fino a “bloccare” in mare 18 milioni di barili. Ora si sono ridotti intorno a 10 mb, stima Bloomberg: molte navi si sono dirette in Cina, ma anche qui alcune hanno dovuto gettare l’ancora, in attesa di acquirenti che tardano a farsi avanti. I problemi riguardano soprattutto i pagamenti, su cui ha avuto un impatto dirompente un ordine esecutivo firmato lo scorso 22 dicembre dal presidente Usa Joe Biden. Il provvedimento ha alzato la guardia su banche e altri intermediari finanziari, minacciando di tagliarli fuori dal sistema del dollaro con effetto immediato al minimo indizio di aver facilitato, anche in modo indiretto, «il finanziamento della macchina da guerra russa». Moltissime banche, ovunque nel mondo, hanno rallentato le transazioni per passare al setaccio ogni documento che possa collegarle ad entità russe. E qualcuna – persino in Cina – si è spinta oltre, scegliendo di interromperle del tutto. In Turchia la paura di sanzioni oltre alle banche ha contagiato diverse società non finanziarie. Il terminal marittimo di Dörtyol, sul Mediterraneo – che era emerso come uno degli snodi principali per il petrolio russo, con sbarchi per 11,7 milioni di barili nel 2023 – la settimana scorsa ha deciso per precauzione di vietarne il transito «anche in assenza di violazioni di leggi, regolamenti o sanzioni»: una scelta drastica, che secondo indiscrezioni di stampa sarebbe stata presa in seguito a forti pressioni esercitate dagli Usa. «I russi – osserva Poten – stanno provando a contrastare questi sviluppi e cercano acquirenti alternativi»: di recente ci sono stati carichi esportati in Venezuela, Pakistan, Ghana e Brunei. Rimpiazzare i volumi di India e Turchia però «sarà una sfida», che «potrebbe rendere necessari sconti molto più alti». Nel frattempo per il petrolio russo si è chiusa un’ulteriore porta di accesso all’Europa, quella verso la Bulgaria, uno dei Paesi che avevano ottenuto un’esenzione all’embargo da parte della Ue. Sofia – che ha sfruttato a lungo il privilegio, anche esportando carburanti prodotti con greggio russo – ha interrotto anche gli acquisti via oleodotto a inizio di marzo, con sei mesi di anticipo sui tempi concordati. Fino a poco tempo fa riceveva più di 150mila barili al giorno. Read the full article

[head-post]

Germany calculates risks associated with possible takeover of Rosneft refinery

German leaders are mulling over what to do with a crucial oil refinery in northeastern Germany, majority-owned by Russian oil company Rosneft, according to Politico.

The government is considering taking over the PCK refinery, located in the town of Schwedt, 120 kilometres from Berlin. This refinery alone meets half of East Germany’s fuel needs and provides 11 per cent of the country’s total supply. Given the importance of the refinery, its nationalisation would ensure the country’s long-term energy needs and avoid supply disruptions that could shock the country’s already faltering economy.

Berlin placed PCK under a temporary state “trusteeship,” but in this way the refinery would remain under Moscow’s control, making it virtually impossible for the Germans to secure oil supplies to the refinery in the future. Jacopo Maria Pepe, a senior analyst at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs, stated:

The problem is with this trusteeship. Rosneft is controlling this asset; if you extend it for another year, then… you might have a supply crunch.

Read more HERE

[minnesotafollower]

More Details on Cuba’s Fuel Crisis Jorge Pinon, the principal researcher at the Energy Institute of the University of Texas, has provided the following additional details about Cuba’s current fuel crisis.[1] “Cuba does not have money to buy [fuel] in international markets and the suppliers with which it had commitments [Venezuela, Mexico and Rosneft of Russia] are not fulfilling them.” In June…

[newnewz]

Russian energy giant Rosneft appoints first Indian on its board

G K Satish, a former Indian Oil Corporation director, is one of the three new faces appointed to the 11-strong board of directors of Rosneft.

NEW DELHI: Russian energy giant Rosneft has appointed a former Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) director to its board in signs it may be looking at boosting trade links with India.

G K Satish, who retired as director for business development at IOC in 2021, is one of the three new faces appointed to the 11-strong board of directors of Rosneft, according to a statement issued by the Russian firm.

Satish, 62, is the first Indian to be appointed to the board of Rosneft.

Rosneft has partnerships with Satish’s former company in oil and gas fields in Russia.

It also sells crude oil to IOC and other Indian firms and has in recent months started shipping naphtha to Gujarat refiners.

His appointment assumes significance as Rosneft is now eyeing more deals with Indian firms including the sale of liquefied natural gas (LNG).

Satish, who has deep insight into the Indian oil and gas market and has expertise in petroleum product marketing, petrochemicals, LNG and international trade, is one of the five independent directors on the Rosneft board.

During his stint at the IOC board beginning September 1, 2016, Satish was also chairman of IndianOil Adani Gas Pvt Ltd — the joint venture IOC had formed with Adani Group for retailing CNG and piped cooking gas.

That venture helped Adani Group catapult into city gas and it is now the biggest operator.

Rosneft said its shareholders at the annual general meeting on June 30 elected a new board of directors consisting of 11 members.

Igor I Sechin, a confidant of Russian President Vladimir Putin, continues to be the CEO and chairman of the management board of Rosneft.

Other members appointed include “Govind Kottis Satish, Managing Director, Value Prolific Consulting Services Pvt Ltd (ValPro),” it said.

ValPro is the firm that Satish joined as Managing Director in 2022.

ValPro advises on mergers and acquisitions and investment banking.

Former IOC chairman M A Pathan is on its board of advisor and its top management include former IOC executives.

Russia sells about 2 million barrels per day of crude oil or 100 million tonne on an annualised basis, to Indian firms.

Rosneft has a term deal to sell 6 million tonne a year of crude oil to Satish’s former company and is eyeing similar deals with other state-owned refiners including Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL).

Rosneft is also a majority owner of Nayara Energy, which operates a 20 million tonne a year refinery at Vadinar in Gujarat and owns over 6,300 petrol pumps in the country.

IOC alongside Bharat PetroResources Ltd (a unit of BPCL) and Oil India Ltd in 2016 bought a 23.9 per cent stake in Rosneft’s Vankor oilfield for USD 2.02 billion.

The consortium also took a 29.9 per cent stake in a separate Taas-Yuryakh oilfield in East Siberia for USD 1.12 billion.

IOC is India’s largest importer of Russian oil and the only company with a long-term delivery deal in place with Rosneft.

Rosneft board includes representatives from Qatar and the Philippines. “Mohammed Bin Saleh Al-Sada (chairman of the board of trustees of Dohal University of Science and Technology) has been elected Chairman of Rosneft Oil Company Board of Directors,” Rosneft said.

[captain-price-unofficially]

Remarkably clear footage of a Ukrainian attack drone flying untouched through Russian ground fire over Krasnodar Krai this morning, eventually slamming directly into Rosneft's Tuapse refinery and detonating.

[contemplatingoutlander]

Surprise, surprise! Another GOP "star witness" against the Bidens also has lots of ties to Russia.

One central issue in the Bobulinski timeline—his long-standing connections to a sanctioned Russian oligarch behind state-controlled energy company Rosneft—appears far more close and complex than he has suggested, including in his House testimony. Bobulinski was a partner with Hunter Biden and a small circle of other associates in a proposed 2017 investment deal involving their startup entity, called “SinoHawk,” and privately owned Chinese energy firm CEFC. In 2020, Bobulinski went public with claims that the finances involved not just Hunter Biden, but his father Joe Biden, who was out of office at the time of the negotiations. Republicans have pointed to Bobulinski’s claims as evidence of potential wrongdoing, and his allegations have fueled unproven but widespread speculation about a bribery scandal—even though many of these claims have been debunked, and years of GOP investigations have turned up no evidence of impeachable offenses. But as the inquiry has unspooled the details surrounding the proposal, Bobulinski’s own connections to Russia have come into clearer focus.

[darkmaga-returns]

Russia is recalibrating its balancing act within the RIC triangle.

Reuters reported that Russia agreed to supply India with nearly half a million barrels of discounted oil a day for 10 years in a deal that’s worth $13 billion a year at today’s prices and amounts to 0.5% of global supply. It follows Defense Minister Singh’s visit to Moscow where he praised their friendship as "higher than the highest mountain and deeper than the deepest ocean” and precedes Putin’s trip to India next year. This is a historic deal with many implications, the top five most significant of which are as follows:

----------

1. Reliable Revenue & Accelerated Growth

Russia will receive reliable budgetary revenue while India’s growth will accelerate from the large-scale import of discounted oil, thus enabling the first to better manage sanctions pressure while the second will approach its goal of becoming the world’s third-largest economy at a faster pace. This decade-long arrangement also creates a solid basis for diversifying from their strategic partnership’s hitherto military-centricity, and it’s possible that some of Russia’s forthcoming profits could be reinvested inside of India.

2. Russia’s South Asian Energy Pivot

The abovementioned trend is part of Russia’s South Asia energy pivot, which also includes Afghan and Pakistani dimensions that were elaborated on here in terms of the larger context. The Kremlin plans to preemptively avert potentially disproportionate dependence on China by relying on the South Asian market, with India at its core, as a counterbalance. RT importantly informed their audience that “The new deal reportedly accounts for roughly a half of Rosneft’s seaborne oil exports from Russian ports.”

[mariacallous]

A spokesperson for the oil giant Rosneft has denied a report by The Wall Street Journal that the company is involved in any plans to merge Russia’s biggest oil producers into a “single national champion.”

On Tuesday, Rosneft’s representative told journalists that the Western press has unleashed an “unprecedented stream” of reports “with no connection to reality.” “Mr. Sechin’s devious intentions to acquire unnecessary assets have been thwarted,” the spokesperson joked, dismissing as “incoherent business logic” rumors that the company seeks to absorb rivals Lukoil and Gazprom Neft. Rosneft also said the WSJ report “may be aimed at creating competitive advantages in the interests of other market participants.”

Last week, The Wall Street Journal reported that “talks among executives and government officials” to create a Russian “mega oil producer” have been ongoing for the past few months.

[stereax]

Hello! I am writing a paper for a law school class on transnational courts about the IIHF and NHL-Russia player transfers. I’m starting with the Fedotov mess and looking for a thesis from there. I have found great stuff on litigation from the early 2000s and player transfer agreements with other leagues under previous CBAs but very little current info. I’m also looking for any updates on Fedotov since the IIHF’s ruling in August and Russia ignoring it. I know he’s playing in the KHL now. Did the Flyers just let it go because there isn’t anything they can do? Any help/ideas/resources would be much appreciated!!

I love you for this, so so so much. You've combined just about all of my interests in one ask. I'll give you the very concise version of it here, for public consumption. You might know most of this already, and I'm sorry if this doesn't help that much - but DM me for more info. I can and will go searching with you. Hell, if you want, you can "interview" me via Discord or via DMs here and cite me as a source. (I've done that a lot with my friends for papers hahaha, asked them their thoughts and then cited it.) Under the cut, as always! 💜

As you're probably aware, the IIHF is the leading organizer of ice hockey stuff around the world. I believe it's them that organize the Worlds and World Juniors, and they also have international standards for things like rink size. (Of course, the NHL plays on a nonstandard rink, so...) Importantly, however, the IIHF has very little legal power. It is difficult for them to fully enforce their decisions - especially when it comes to a country that won't listen.

Ivan Fedotov was a seventh-round selection of the Philadelphia Flyers in 2015. He has been playing primarily in the KHL since. In 2021-22, he backstopped CSKA Moscow to the Gagarin Cup (the KHL's version of the Stanley Cup) in what was widely considered a "breakout" year. Following this, in his last year of eligibility, Philadelphia signed him to a one-year entry-level contract (ELC), with the intent of bringing him to Philly and seeing if he could be a good enough goaltender at the NHL level (presumably to be the backup to Carter Hart) or even the AHL level. This is where things get screwy.

Fedotov is arrested shortly after the ELC is signed under the "charge" of avoiding the Russian army draft (understand that this was most likely a politically motivated arrest). He spends the next year at a fairly remote Russian military base, only communicating with the Flyers once in this entire year. He was allowed to continue training part-time, but not to the level he could otherwise have. So the ELC slides one year.

In the summer of 2023, Philly tries to get Fedotov overseas again... only to find that he's signed a two-year deal with CSKA Moscow. Now, the NHL and KHL used to have transfer agreements, but the NHL cut these agreements after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. However, Fedotov has two contracts, and he clearly can't play in two places at once. What happens?

The IIHF steps in, and decides that Fedotov's ELC with Philly should be honored - and that he and CSKA Moscow were not allowed to sign a contract with the ELC in place. They ban Fedotov from playing for 4 months and CSKA Moscow from being able to sign non-domestic players (international transfers) for one year.

Before I continue, something to be aware of with sports in Russia: certain teams are sponsored by the state and oligarchs far more than others. This is true with Russian soccer and also true with Russian football. CSKA Moscow, in particular, is one of the most-supported teams and is notable for its ties with the Russian army. Its dominance during the Soviet era was because it could literally draft the best hockey players (and I mean draft as in draft like for the army). It's currently owned by Rosneft, an oil company that's majority owned by the Russian government. (SKA Saint Petersburg is another of these highly-supported teams, for what that's worth.)

So CSKA Moscow, sort of predictably, flips off the IIHF. And starts Fedotov. In their first game. The IIHF can't really do much - it hits CSKA Moscow with a 5000 CHF fine (laughable) and threatens to refer it, and Fedotov, to the IIHF Disciplinary Board if they keep doing it. They keep doing it. Of course. The KHL's president claims that the 4-month ban threatens Fedotov's Russian constitutional right to work and that they will thusly disregard the ruling. As of November 2nd, Fedotov is still playing in the KHL - he just recorded a shutout, actually.

The Flyers really can't do much, outside of pressure the IIHF, which has little concrete power, to levy more punishments (and the IIHF has gone quiet about this too). Philly could try to, theoretically, smuggle Fedotov out of Russia a la Malkin, but you can only imagine what the Russian government will do to Fedotov and his family if he tries to defect. Especially because Fedotov's what, 26? 27? And goalies don't tend to have a long shelf life. Even if he came to the States, and played some games in the NHL, would those precious few years be worth the wellbeing of him and his family? Probably not. Again, since the NHL and KHL no longer have a transfer agreement, Philly and CSKA Moscow would have to come to terms on their own - and CSKA Moscow isn't keen on giving up their current star tendy to play in likely the AHL.

And remember, Philly also has Matvei Michkov now. Whose father recently died under "mysterious circumstances". And it's rumored those circumstances had to do with Michkov's father trying to terminate his son's KHL contract to send him to America sooner. That's also a factor here that must be considered - is it better to play nice with the KHL now and give up on Fedotov to be able to bring Michkov stateside?

The situation is incredibly complicated; unfortunately, there seems to be no easy end in sight, and probably very little chance of Fedotov seeing NHL ice in his career. The war in Ukraine also complicates this, and that is currently locked at a stalemate, so... good luck there.

Alright, that's my little lecture. If you need anything else, do DM me! I can see what else I can do as well :)

[vijay34]

Global Base Oil Market Analysis: Key Players, Innovations, and Market Share

Strong Automotive and Industrial Applications Drive Steady Growth in the Base Oil Market.

The Base Oil Market Size was valued at USD 20.86 billion in 2023. It is projected to reach USD 33.20 billion by 2032 and grow at a CAGR of 5.3% over the forecast period 2024-2032.

The base oil market is driven by the increasing demand for lubricants across various industries, including automotive, manufacturing, and industrial machinery. Base oils are a critical component in the formulation of lubricants, acting as the primary substance that provides lubrication, cooling, and protection for mechanical systems. The market for base oils is also growing as demand for high-performance lubricants and energy-efficient solutions increases. Key factors such as the expanding automotive sector, rising industrial activities, and stringent regulations regarding environmental protection are expected to further fuel the growth of the base oil market in the coming years.

Key Players in the Base Oil Market:

The Key Players are Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) (Malaysia), Repsol S.A. (Spain), Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (India), Rosneft (Russia), China National Offshore Oil Corporation (China),Royal Dutch Shell plc (The Netherlands), Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabia), GS Caltex Corporation (U.S.), Chevron Corporation (U.S.), Exxon Mobil Corporation (U.S.), Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) (UAE), Petrochina Company Limited China), Sinopec Corp (China) & Other Players.

Future Scope:

The future of the base oil market looks promising, driven by the increasing industrial demand for high-quality lubricants and energy-efficient solutions. As the automotive industry transitions toward electric vehicles (EVs) and more sustainable technologies, the demand for specialized base oils for new-generation lubricants will grow. Additionally, the continued expansion of the manufacturing sector and industrial machinery market in emerging economies will contribute to the growing demand for base oils. Technological innovations, particularly in the development of synthetic base oils, will further strengthen the market's outlook. Moreover, the market will benefit from the rising trend of eco-friendly products and the need for improved fuel efficiency.

Emerging Trends:

The base oil market is shifting toward the development and adoption of synthetic oils and biodegradable base oils. As the automotive and industrial sectors prioritize fuel efficiency and environmentally friendly solutions, the demand for synthetic base oils, which offer superior performance and extended service life, is on the rise. Additionally, the growing emphasis on reducing environmental impact is driving the innovation of biodegradable base oils, which are safer for the environment and provide a sustainable alternative to traditional base oils. Furthermore, the shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) is expected to create new opportunities in the base oil market as manufacturers develop specialized lubricants for EV components.

Key Points:

The base oil market is essential for the production of lubricants used in automotive, industrial, and manufacturing applications.

Key players in the market include ExxonMobil, Shell, Chevron, Sinopec, Petrobras, TotalEnergies, and SK Innovation.

The growth of the base oil market is driven by the expanding automotive sector, industrial activities, and demand for high-performance lubricants.

Emerging trends include the rise of synthetic and biodegradable base oils, driven by the need for eco-friendly solutions and enhanced performance.

The market is expected to benefit from technological advancements and the shift toward electric vehicles (EVs), which require specialized lubricants.

Conclusion:

The base oil market is set to continue its growth trajectory, driven by the increasing demand for advanced lubricants in a wide range of applications. With rising industrialization, the push for eco-friendly products, and advancements in automotive technologies like electric vehicles, the market holds significant potential for innovation. As sustainability becomes a key consideration across industries, the focus on synthetic and biodegradable base oils will play a critical role in shaping the future of the market. Companies that can innovate and provide high-quality, environmentally friendly base oils will be well-positioned to capture market share and meet the evolving needs of the global economy.

Read Full Report: https://www.snsinsider.com/reports/base-oil-market-2559         

Contact Us:

Jagney Dave — Vice President of Client Engagement

Phone: +1–315 636 4242 (US) | +44- 20 3290 5010 (UK)

[exportersworlds1]

Top 10 Crude Oil Importers in 2024: Global Buyers List, Market Trends, and Supplier Guide

Crude oil remains the lifeblood of global economies, powering industries and transportation networks worldwide. For businesses and policymakers, understanding largest crude oil importers, emerging market trends, and reliable crude oil suppliers is critical to navigating this dynamic sector. In this guide, we break down the key players, 2024 trends, and strategies for connecting with global buyers.  

Top 10 Crude Oil Importing Countries in 2024

1. China  

 Annual Imports: 11 million barrels per day (bpd)  

 Relies on Middle Eastern suppliers (Saudi Aramco, Iraq) and Russian crude.  

Rising demand driven by industrial growth and strategic reserves.  

2. United States

   Annual Imports: 8.5 million bpd  

   Prioritizes Canadian heavy oil and Latin American imports.  

   Shale production reduces dependency but imports remain steady.  

3. India  

  Annual Imports: 5 million bpd  

  Key suppliers: UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Nigeria.  

   Expanding refinery capacity boosts import needs.  

4. South Korea 

   Annual Imports: 3.2 million bpd  

   Imports light crude from the U.S. and OPEC nations.  

5. Japan

   Annual Imports: 3 million bpd  

   Diversifies suppliers to mitigate geopolitical risks (Qatar, Australia).  

6. Germany  

   Annual Imports: 2.1 million bpd  

   Shifts from Russian oil to Norwegian and U.S. suppliers post-Ukraine war.  

7. Netherlands 

   Annual Imports: 1.8 million bpd  

    Europe’s refining hub, sourcing from Russia, Africa, and the Middle East.  

8. France

   Annual Imports: 1.5 million bpd  

   Focuses on OPEC and African crude.  

9. Spain

   Annual Imports: 1.3 million bpd  

   Relies on Algeria, Nigeria, and Mexico.  

10. Italy

    Annual Imports: 1.2 million bpd  

    Imports Libya and Azerbaijani oil.  

2024 Crude Oil Market Trends

Geopolitical Shifts: Sanctions on Russian oil reroute global trade, boosting U.S. and Middle Eastern exports. 

OPEC+ Cuts: Production cuts (1.2 million bpd) tighten supply, pushing prices to $85–$95/barrel.  

Renewable Energy Push: EU and U.S. policies reduce long-term oil demand, but Asia’s growth offsets declines.  

Digital Trade Platforms: B2B portals like **Platts** and **Argus** streamline crude oil transactions.  

How to Connect with Crude Oil Suppliers  

Global Crude Oil Suppliers List

 Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabia): Largest exporter of Arab Light crude.  

 Rosneft (Russia): Discounted Urals crude amid sanctions.  

ExxonMobil (U.S.): Supplies light shale oil.  

 ADNOC (UAE): Murban crude gains popularity in Asia.  

B2B Platforms for Importers  

S&P Global Platts: Real-time pricing and supplier contacts.  

 IndiaMART: Connects Indian refiners with global sellers.  

 Alibaba Energy: Facilitates bulk crude oil deals.  

Import Regulations

 Licenses: Most countries require import licenses (e.g., India’s DGFT).  

Tariffs: U.S. imposes 2.5% crude oil tariff; EU exempts energy imports from sanctions.  

Future Outlook for Crude Oil Importers  

Asia Dominance: China and India to account for **60% of global demand growth** by 2030.  

Green Refining: Importers invest in low-carbon refineries to meet ESG standards.  

Strategic Reserves: Nations like Japan and South Korea stockpile crude to hedge supply risks.   For businesses, staying updated on crude oil market trends and building relationships with world's largest crude oil importers is essential for long-term success.

[captain-price-unofficially]

Tuapse, Krasnodar Krai, the Russian Rosneft oil refinery after being hit by Ukrainian drones. 24 Jan 2024