#Music from Guyana and Surinam

[sweet-potatah-pie]

Hi I’ve been meaning to ask you this for a while and finally got the nerve to write it down.

I love how you’re exploring Maldonia in your latest writing. I can recognize the South Asian influence in the architectural, food, and fashion details, which I love! I guess I was wondering on what lore or cultural guidelines have you created for Maldonia.

I know you’re big on historical research, so would love to know you’re process on basically creating a cultural landscape. (Which is not easy so I’m in awe of your writing and dedication).

🤍

Aww thank you! 💖💖💖 Maldonia has been challenging for me. I think that’s why I avoided writing it for so long 😅

I liked that Disney posted that article saying that Maldonia would be inspired by many places. So I’ve been toying with that. You’re spot on that many elements come from researching South Asian architecture, food, and clothing. But I’m also pulling from Brazilian culture for names, food and music (in my upcoming chapter!), Italian and Portuguese languages to base Maldonian words on, and even cultures where Black and South Asian diasporas have long mixed like Habesha cultures, Suriname, and Guyana.

Remembering the movie and how Naveen’s original valet Lawrence was British, I liked the idea of making Tiana’s lady’s maid an English speaking immigrant as well. I felt like there could be comfort in fully understanding the person working most closely with you, so I did that for Tiana’s comfort. I tapped into the long history of colonization/immigration that led to there being sizeable Chinese and Jamaican populations in England to create my mixed race OC Ines from.

Every time I open my work in progress doc, I research somewhere or something different, too. I’m definitely still writing. I wanna know how The People’s Princess ends as much as anybody else 🤣 and hopefully little by little I’ll get there.

Thank you for sticking with me! It hasn’t been an easy year for me, so readers staying by me means a lot 🙏🏾

[belanegara4]

International Symposium on the "History and Legacy of Muslims in the Caribbean"

ircica.org

International Symposium on the "History and Legacy of Muslims in the Caribbean"

OIC IRCICA

6–8 minutes

The International Symposium on the “History and Legacy of Muslims in the Caribbean” organized by IRCICA, OIC General Secretariat, the Government of Guyana and Guyana University was opened by President H.E. Mohamed Irfaan Ali with a Feature Address on 4 September 2023. IRCICA Director General Prof. Mahmud Erol Kılıç gave an address at the opening ceremony. Moderated by Mr. Al Creighton, Dean of the Faculty of Humanities and Education of the University of Guyana, the ceremony started with Quran recitation and translation by Hafiz Salih Rahim, and heard the opening remarks of H.E. Mr. Hugh Hilton Todd, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation; Dr. Abdullah Hakim Quick, Special Envoy of IRCICA to the Caribbean; Dr. Alhoucine Rhazoui, Director of Cultural Affairs, OIC General Sceretariat, as well as cultural items, consisting of the Islamic Chant in Urdu recited by Mr. Imran Ali, Deputy President of the Muslim Youth Organization, and the Islamic Chant in Yoruba language presented by Mr. Toyib Hamza. A press conference followed the opening session. The ceremony and the working sessions were held at Arthur Chung Conference Center in Georgetown.

Subsequently, the same day, IRCICA Director General Prof. Mahmud Erol Kılıç was received by H.E. President Mohamed Irfaan Ali for a welcoming meeting. Professor Kılıç briefed H.E. the President about IRCICA’s objectives and activities. Mr. Hugh Hilton Todd, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, high officials from Guyana, and the IRCICA delegation members, were also present at the meeting. Director General Prof. Kılıç presented H.E. President Irfaan Ali and Foreign Affairs Minister Mr. Hugh Todd with samples of IRCICA’s publications in the series of studies on the Holy Qur’an.

The working sessions of the symposium, spread over three days, were on the following themes:

First day, Session I: Globalization and Localization in the Caribbean: Aliyah Khan, University of Michigan, | The Qasida and Muslim Devotional Music in Guyana and Trinidad; Frank J. Korom, Boston University | The Current State of Hosay (Moharram) Observances in the Caribbean; Abdin Chande, Adelphi University | Migration and Identity of South Asians of the Caribbean and East African Indian Ocean Region: A Comparative Analysis; Maurits S. Hassankhan, Anton de Kom University of Suriname | Localization and Globalization of Religion: The Case of Hindustani Muslims in Suriname.

Session II: Islam in the Greater Caribbean from Early History to Today: Abdullah Hakim Quick, The Islamic Institute of Toronto | Aspects of Muslim History and Legacy in Pre-Columbian America; Juan Thomas Ordóñez, Universidad del Rosario | Caribbean Lebanon: The Muslim Experience on the Colombia/Venezuela Border; Mohamed A. Hakim, Islamic Educator and Social Activist in Haiti | History of Muslims in Haiti; Nuri Muhammad, Imam, Radio Commentator and Social Activist | The Evolution of Muslim Presence in Belize and the Significance of Garifuna Cultural Retrieval;

Session III: Panel on Black Atlantic Muslim Movements – Remapping and Theorizing Global South Migrations:  Youssef Carter, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill | Western Sunrise in the Global South: The Islamic Party comes to the Caribbean; Tasneem Siddiqui, Drexel University | The Caribbean Is No Island: Rethinking Black Geographies through Muslim Resistance Movements; Nsenga Knight, Artist & Storyteller | Irregular Black Muslims: Diasporic Exchange & The Caribbean Elsewhere.

Second day, Session I: Guyanese Experience: Ateeka Khan, McMaster University | East Indians, Religion, and Politics in 20th Century Guyana; Nazim Baksh, Former Investigative Producer with Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) | Conflict, Continuity and Change of Religious Narratives and Practices of Muslims in Guyana (1977-1981); Ahmad Hamid, Imam and Researcher | The Challenges and Role of CIOG in the Transformation of the Muslim Community of Guyana from Chaos to Stability; Wazir Baksh, Historian and Community Activist | The Masjid as an Essential Institution to Preserve Faith and Social Cohesion: The Case of Guyana.

Session II: Voices from Trinidad and Tobago: Halima-Sa’adia Kassim, University of the West Indies | An Evaluation of the Resultant Negotiations of Living in an Alien Society: The Indo-Muslims of Trinidad Claiming Their Place; Nasser Mustapha & Mirza Ali Mohammad, University of the West Indies | Race and Ethnic Relations in Trinidad and Tobago; Anand Rampersad, University of the West Indies | Successful Muslim Cricketers in Trinidad and Tobago.

Session III: Economy, Identity and Decolonization in the Caribbean: Ibraheem Musa Tijani, International Islamic University Malaysia | The Economic Development and Commerce of the Muslim Communities in the Caribbean and the Emergence of Islamic Finance in the Region; Stanley L. Soeropawiro, Policy Advisor Religious Affairs, Ministry of Home Affairs (Suriname) | Economic Development among the Javanese Muslims in Suriname; Karimah Rahman, Toronto Metropolitan University | Decolonizing Muslim Indo-Caribbean Mental Health; Suleiman Bulbulia & Sabir Nakhuda, Historians and Authors | The Muslims of Barbados: Sustaining A Muslim Identity.

Third Day, Special Presentation at the University of Guyana by: Abdullah Hakim Quick, Nuri Muhammad, Mohamed A. Hakim and Stanley L. Soeropowero.

The closing ceremony of the symposium was conducted with the remarks of Prof. Dr. Aboubacar Abdullah Senghore, Assistant Director General, IRCICA and Ambassador Elisabeth Harper, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Guyana.

On 5 September 2023, IRCICA Director General Prof. Mahmud Erol Kılıç had a meeting with Professor Paloma Mohamed Martin, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Guyana. The meeting was a fruitful occasion to exchange views on research and education in Islamic studies.

During the symposium period, Director General Prof. Mahmud Erol Kılıç held contacts and meetings with Muslim cultural institutions and educational organizations in Guyana including the Central Islamic Organization of Guyana (CIOG), Guyana Islamic Trust and the ISA School.

[brookston]

Holidays 10.31

Holidays

All Souls’ Day (Ecuador)

American Indian Day (Tennessee)

Bitcoin Day

Cavalry Day (India)

Crillo Music Day (Peru)

Dark Matter Day

Day of Local Songs (Peru)

Day of the 7 Billion

Día de la Canción Criolla (Peru)

Girl Scout Founder’s Day

International Black Sea Action Day

John Candy Day (Toronto, Canada)

King Father’s Day (Cambodia)

Martyr’s Day (Burkina Faso)

Medusa Day

Mount Rushmore Day

National Bug Busting Day (UK)

National Evangelism Day

National Prince Day

National Unity Day (India)

Non-Working Day (Russia)

Pal-O-Ween (from “Kevin Can F**k Himself”) [Every 31st]

Phi Day

Plough Tree Day (French Republic)

Rabbit Rabbit Day [Last Day of Every Month]

Reformation Day (Chile; Germany; Slovenia)

Saci Day (Brazil)

Senior Absurdity Day (Bronx, NY)

Spider-Girl Day

Trixie Day

World Cities Day (UN)

World Savings Day

World Thrift Day (India)

Youth Honor Day (Iowa)

Food & Drink Celebrations

Billy Beer Day (Plains, Georgia)

Brewtopia (NYC)

International Day of Rice

Japanese Tea Day (Japan)

National Caramel Apple Day

National Keg Day

The United Nations of Beer (New York)

Independence & Related Days

Edan (Declared; 1999) [unrecognized]

Nevada Statehood Day (#36; 1864)

Wellington (Declared; 2009) [unrecognized]

New Year’s Days

Old Celtic New Year’s Eve

5th & Last Thursday in October

International Carignan Day [Last Thursday]

Punkie Night (Somerset, England) [Last Thursday]

Thirsty Thursday [Every Thursday]

Three-Bean Thursday [Last Thursday of Each Month]

Three for Thursday [Every Thursday]

Thrift Store Thursday [Every Thursday]

Throw Away Thursday [Last Thursday of Each Month]

Throwback Thursday [Every Thursday]

Weekly Holidays beginning October 31 (Last Week of October)

None Known

Festivals Beginning October 31, 2024

The Big Sur Food and Wine Festival (Big Sur, California) [thru 11.2]

A BOO-tiful Downtown Halloween (Los Altos, California)

Dragon of Shandon Parade (Cork, Ireland)

Halloween Trick or Treat! (Mystic, Connecticut)

Hillsborough County Fair (Dover, Florida) [thru 11.11]

JazzFest Berlin (Berlin, Germany) [thru 11.3]

Living History Farms Annual Farmstasia (Urbandale, Iowa)

MichiganFun' Convention (Port Huron, Michigan) [thru 11.2]

New York’s Village Halloween Parade (New York, New York)

Rakfisk Festival (Fagernes, Norway) [thru 11.2]

Ringneck Festival & Bird Dog Challenge (Huron, South Dakota) [thru 11.2]

Saga International Balloon Fiesta (Saga, Japan) [thru 11.4]

Thessaloniki International Film Festival (Thessaloniki, Greece) [thru 11.10]

Treat Street (Chico, California)

Feast Days

Abaidas (Coptic Church)

Alphonsus Rodriguez (Christian; Saint)

Ampliatus (Christian; Saint)

Begu (Christian; Saint)

Bob Crane Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Diwali Begins (Hindu, Jain, Sikh), a.k.a. ... 

Deepavali (Guyana, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Sri Lanka)

Deepawali (Sikkam, India)

Divali (Fiji, India, Kenya, Mauritius, Suriname)

Diwali Amavasya (India, Trinidad and Tobago)

Èugene Fromentin (Artology)

Festival of Lights (Celebrating the Indian god Laxmi)

Gai Tihar (Nepal)

Kag Puja (Day of the Crows)

Kag Tihar (Day of the Crows)

Kali Puja (Assam, Odisha, West Bengal; India)

Laxmi Pooja (Nepal)

Laxmi Puja (Sikkim, India)

Naraka Chaturdashi (Assam, Odisha, West Bengal; India)

Tihar Festival (Nepal)

Yam Panchak (Nepal)

Erc of Slane (in Cornwall; Christian; Saint)

Feast of Sekhmet Bast Ra (Ancient Egypt)

Felix the Chicken (Muppetism)

Festival of Inner Worlds

Foillan (in Namur; Christian; Saint)

Gerbil Caressing Day (Pastafarian)

Hallowe’en (also celebrated as ... 

Allantide (Cornwall, UK)

All Hallows Eve

All Saints’ Eve

Apple and Candle Night (Wales)

Beggar's Night

Beltaine [Southern Hemisphere; begins at sunset]

Books For Treats Day

Caramel Apple Day

Carve a Pumpkin Day

Chiang Kai-Shek Day (Taiwan)

Day of the Dead begins (Mexico) [until 11.2]

Dookie Apple Night (Newcastle, UK)

Duck Apple Night (Liverpool, UK)

Fright Night (Pastafarian)

Ghostwriter’s Day

Halloween

Hello-Wiener (Pastafarian)

Hop-tu-Naa (Isle of Man)

Increase Your Psychic Powers Day

National Doorbell Day

National Dress Like a Slut Day

National Keg Day

National Knock-Knock Joke Day

National Magic Day

National UNICEF Day

Night of a Thousand Screams (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Nut-Crack Night (UK)

Out of the Broom Closet Day

Saci Day (Brazil)

Samhain [Northern Hemisphere; begins at sunset]

Samhain Eve (Celtic, Pagan) [7 of 8 Festivals of the Natural Year]

Scare a Friend Day

Sneak Some of the Candy Before the Kids Start Knocking Day

Thump-the-Door Night (Isle of Man)

Trick or Treat Night

Hello-Wiener (Pastafarian)

Hokusai (Artology)

Isis/Osiris Mysteries IV (Pagan)

Johannes Vermeer (Artology)

John Keats (Writerism)

Kant (Positivist; Saint)

Makoshe’s Holiday (Asatru/Pagan Slavic celebration of Mother Earth)

Marie Laurencin (Artology)

Martin Luther (Anglican Communion)

Meindert Hobbema (Artology)

Neal Stephenson (Writerism)

Old Celtic New Year’s Eve

Paul du Toit (Artology)

Paul Shinji Sasaki and Philip Lindel Tsen (Episcopal Church)

Reformation Day (Germany, Slovenia, Lutheran Church)

Quentin (Christian; Saint)

Susan Orlean (Writerism)

Theodore Romzha, Blessed (Ruthenian Catholic Church)

Vetmaetr (Norse beginning of winter, start of Odin leading the Wild Hunt)

Wolfgang of Regensburg (Christian; Saint) [Germany]

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Sensho (先勝 Japan) [Good luck in the morning, bad luck in the afternoon.]

Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because it’s Xt'Tapalatakettle's Day.)

Unfortunate Day (Pagan) [51 of 57]

Premieres

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, by Arthur Conan Doyle (Novel; 1892)

All Wet (Ub Iwerks Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Disney Cartoon; 1927)

Ash vs. Evil Dead (Film; 2015)

Bohemian Rhapsody, by Queen (Song; 1975)

The Boys of Summer, by Roger Kahn (Baseball Memoir; 1972)

Catty Cornered (WB MM Cartoon; 1953)

The Country Cousin (Silly Symphony Disney Cartoon; 1936)

Explosive Situation or Don’t Make It Worse — It’s Badenov (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S3, Ep. 121; 1961)

Foul Hunting (Disney Cartoon; 1947)

Girls! Girls! Girls! (Film; 1960) [Elvis Presley #11]

I Only Have Eyes For You, recorded by The Flamingos (Song; 1958)

Kitty from Kansas City (Betty Boop Cartoon; 1931)

Like a Virgin, by Madonna (Song; 1984)

Livin’ on a Prayer, by Bon Jovi (Song; 1986)

A Modest Proposal, by Jonathan Swift (Essay; 1726)

Ninety-Five Theses, by Martin Luther (Pamphlet; 1517)

Period of Adjustment (Film; 1962)

The Red Sea Sharks, by Hergé (Graphic Novel; 1958) [Tintin #19]

The Secret Teachings of All Ages, by Manly P. Hall (Book; 1928)

Slap Happy Hunters (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1941)

Somebody Stole My Gal, recorded by Count Basie (Song; 1930)

Spellbound (Film; 1945)

Star Dust, recorded by Hoagy Carmichael (Song; 1927)

Strategy, by B.H. Liddell Hart (Book; 1929)

Two Weeks Vacation (Disney Cartoon; 1952)

Unplugged MTV Show, recorded by Squeeze Live Show; 1989) [1st Unplugged Show]

The Walking Dead (TV Series; 2010)

What Ever Happened to Baby Jane (Film; 1962)

A Witch’s Tangled Hare (WB LT Cartoon; 1959)

You’ve Got Me in Switches or Suture Self (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S3, Ep. 122; 1961)

Zack and Miri Make a Porno (Film; 2008)

Zot, Parts 1 & 2 (Underdog Cartoon, S1, Eps. 9 & 10; 1964)

Today’s Name Days

Christoph, Quentin, Wolfgang (Austria)

Alfons, Volfgang, Vukmir (Croatia)

Štěpánka (Czech Republic)

Louise (Denmark)

Ardo, Ardu, Arti, Arto, Artur (Estonia)

Arto, Arttu, Artturi (Finland)

Quentin (France)

Melanie, Quentin, Wolfgang (Germany)

Ablia, Apellis, Aristovoulos, Narkisos, Stratoniki (Greece)

Farkas (Hungary)

Lucilla (Italy)

Rinalds, Smilga, Valts, Volfgangs (Latvia)

Alfonsas, Liucilė, Tanvilė (Lithuania)

Edit, Edna (Norway)

Alfons, Alfonsyna, Antoni, Antonina, August, Augusta, Godzimir, Godzisz, Lucylla, Łukasz, Saturnin, Saturnina, Urban, Wolfgang (Poland)

Amplie, Afelie, Aristobul, Narcis, Stahie, Urban (Romania)

Aurélia (Slovakia)

Alonso, Quintín (Spain)

Edgar, Edit (Sweden)

Maura, Moira (Ukraine)

Cruz, Flint, Flynn, Kruz, Trent, Trenton (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 305 of 2024; 61 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 4 of Week 44 of 2024

Celtic Tree Calendar: Hagal (Hailstone) [Day 5 of 28]

Chinese: Month 9 (Jia-Xu), Day 29 (Wu-Chen)

Chinese Year of the: Dragon 4722 (until January 29, 2025) [Wu-Chen]

Hebrew: 29 Tishri 5785

Islamic: 27 Rabi II 1446

J Cal: 5 Wood; Fryday [5 of 30]

Julian: 18 October 2024

Moon: 1%: Waning Crescent

Positivist: 25 Descartes (11th Month) [Ferguson / Condercet]

Runic Half Month: Wyn (Joy) [Day 9 of 15]

Season: Autumn or Fall (Day 39 of 90)

Week: Last Week of October

Zodiac: Scorpio (Day 8 of 30)

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 10.31

Holidays

All Souls’ Day (Ecuador)

American Indian Day (Tennessee)

Bitcoin Day

Cavalry Day (India)

Crillo Music Day (Peru)

Dark Matter Day

Day of Local Songs (Peru)

Day of the 7 Billion

Día de la Canción Criolla (Peru)

Girl Scout Founder’s Day

International Black Sea Action Day

John Candy Day (Toronto, Canada)

King Father’s Day (Cambodia)

Martyr’s Day (Burkina Faso)

Medusa Day

Mount Rushmore Day

National Bug Busting Day (UK)

National Evangelism Day

National Prince Day

National Unity Day (India)

Non-Working Day (Russia)

Pal-O-Ween (from “Kevin Can F**k Himself”) [Every 31st]

Phi Day

Plough Tree Day (French Republic)

Rabbit Rabbit Day [Last Day of Every Month]

Reformation Day (Chile; Germany; Slovenia)

Saci Day (Brazil)

Senior Absurdity Day (Bronx, NY)

Spider-Girl Day

Trixie Day

World Cities Day (UN)

World Savings Day

World Thrift Day (India)

Youth Honor Day (Iowa)

Food & Drink Celebrations

Billy Beer Day (Plains, Georgia)

Brewtopia (NYC)

International Day of Rice

Japanese Tea Day (Japan)

National Caramel Apple Day

National Keg Day

The United Nations of Beer (New York)

Independence & Related Days

Edan (Declared; 1999) [unrecognized]

Nevada Statehood Day (#36; 1864)

Wellington (Declared; 2009) [unrecognized]

New Year’s Days

Old Celtic New Year’s Eve

5th & Last Thursday in October

International Carignan Day [Last Thursday]

Punkie Night (Somerset, England) [Last Thursday]

Thirsty Thursday [Every Thursday]

Three-Bean Thursday [Last Thursday of Each Month]

Three for Thursday [Every Thursday]

Thrift Store Thursday [Every Thursday]

Throw Away Thursday [Last Thursday of Each Month]

Throwback Thursday [Every Thursday]

Weekly Holidays beginning October 31 (Last Week of October)

None Known

Festivals Beginning October 31, 2024

The Big Sur Food and Wine Festival (Big Sur, California) [thru 11.2]

A BOO-tiful Downtown Halloween (Los Altos, California)

Dragon of Shandon Parade (Cork, Ireland)

Halloween Trick or Treat! (Mystic, Connecticut)

Hillsborough County Fair (Dover, Florida) [thru 11.11]

JazzFest Berlin (Berlin, Germany) [thru 11.3]

Living History Farms Annual Farmstasia (Urbandale, Iowa)

MichiganFun' Convention (Port Huron, Michigan) [thru 11.2]

New York’s Village Halloween Parade (New York, New York)

Rakfisk Festival (Fagernes, Norway) [thru 11.2]

Ringneck Festival & Bird Dog Challenge (Huron, South Dakota) [thru 11.2]

Saga International Balloon Fiesta (Saga, Japan) [thru 11.4]

Thessaloniki International Film Festival (Thessaloniki, Greece) [thru 11.10]

Treat Street (Chico, California)

Feast Days

Abaidas (Coptic Church)

Alphonsus Rodriguez (Christian; Saint)

Ampliatus (Christian; Saint)

Begu (Christian; Saint)

Bob Crane Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Diwali Begins (Hindu, Jain, Sikh), a.k.a. ... 

Deepavali (Guyana, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Sri Lanka)

Deepawali (Sikkam, India)

Divali (Fiji, India, Kenya, Mauritius, Suriname)

Diwali Amavasya (India, Trinidad and Tobago)

Èugene Fromentin (Artology)

Festival of Lights (Celebrating the Indian god Laxmi)

Gai Tihar (Nepal)

Kag Puja (Day of the Crows)

Kag Tihar (Day of the Crows)

Kali Puja (Assam, Odisha, West Bengal; India)

Laxmi Pooja (Nepal)

Laxmi Puja (Sikkim, India)

Naraka Chaturdashi (Assam, Odisha, West Bengal; India)

Tihar Festival (Nepal)

Yam Panchak (Nepal)

Erc of Slane (in Cornwall; Christian; Saint)

Feast of Sekhmet Bast Ra (Ancient Egypt)

Felix the Chicken (Muppetism)

Festival of Inner Worlds

Foillan (in Namur; Christian; Saint)

Gerbil Caressing Day (Pastafarian)

Hallowe’en (also celebrated as ... 

Allantide (Cornwall, UK)

All Hallows Eve

All Saints’ Eve

Apple and Candle Night (Wales)

Beggar's Night

Beltaine [Southern Hemisphere; begins at sunset]

Books For Treats Day

Caramel Apple Day

Carve a Pumpkin Day

Chiang Kai-Shek Day (Taiwan)

Day of the Dead begins (Mexico) [until 11.2]

Dookie Apple Night (Newcastle, UK)

Duck Apple Night (Liverpool, UK)

Fright Night (Pastafarian)

Ghostwriter’s Day

Halloween

Hello-Wiener (Pastafarian)

Hop-tu-Naa (Isle of Man)

Increase Your Psychic Powers Day

National Doorbell Day

National Dress Like a Slut Day

National Keg Day

National Knock-Knock Joke Day

National Magic Day

National UNICEF Day

Night of a Thousand Screams (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Nut-Crack Night (UK)

Out of the Broom Closet Day

Saci Day (Brazil)

Samhain [Northern Hemisphere; begins at sunset]

Samhain Eve (Celtic, Pagan) [7 of 8 Festivals of the Natural Year]

Scare a Friend Day

Sneak Some of the Candy Before the Kids Start Knocking Day

Thump-the-Door Night (Isle of Man)

Trick or Treat Night

Hello-Wiener (Pastafarian)

Hokusai (Artology)

Isis/Osiris Mysteries IV (Pagan)

Johannes Vermeer (Artology)

John Keats (Writerism)

Kant (Positivist; Saint)

Makoshe’s Holiday (Asatru/Pagan Slavic celebration of Mother Earth)

Marie Laurencin (Artology)

Martin Luther (Anglican Communion)

Meindert Hobbema (Artology)

Neal Stephenson (Writerism)

Old Celtic New Year’s Eve

Paul du Toit (Artology)

Paul Shinji Sasaki and Philip Lindel Tsen (Episcopal Church)

Reformation Day (Germany, Slovenia, Lutheran Church)

Quentin (Christian; Saint)

Susan Orlean (Writerism)

Theodore Romzha, Blessed (Ruthenian Catholic Church)

Vetmaetr (Norse beginning of winter, start of Odin leading the Wild Hunt)

Wolfgang of Regensburg (Christian; Saint) [Germany]

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Sensho (先勝 Japan) [Good luck in the morning, bad luck in the afternoon.]

Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because it’s Xt'Tapalatakettle's Day.)

Unfortunate Day (Pagan) [51 of 57]

Premieres

The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, by Arthur Conan Doyle (Novel; 1892)

All Wet (Ub Iwerks Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Disney Cartoon; 1927)

Ash vs. Evil Dead (Film; 2015)

Bohemian Rhapsody, by Queen (Song; 1975)

The Boys of Summer, by Roger Kahn (Baseball Memoir; 1972)

Catty Cornered (WB MM Cartoon; 1953)

The Country Cousin (Silly Symphony Disney Cartoon; 1936)

Explosive Situation or Don’t Make It Worse — It’s Badenov (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S3, Ep. 121; 1961)

Foul Hunting (Disney Cartoon; 1947)

Girls! Girls! Girls! (Film; 1960) [Elvis Presley #11]

I Only Have Eyes For You, recorded by The Flamingos (Song; 1958)

Kitty from Kansas City (Betty Boop Cartoon; 1931)

Like a Virgin, by Madonna (Song; 1984)

Livin’ on a Prayer, by Bon Jovi (Song; 1986)

A Modest Proposal, by Jonathan Swift (Essay; 1726)

Ninety-Five Theses, by Martin Luther (Pamphlet; 1517)

Period of Adjustment (Film; 1962)

The Red Sea Sharks, by Hergé (Graphic Novel; 1958) [Tintin #19]

The Secret Teachings of All Ages, by Manly P. Hall (Book; 1928)

Slap Happy Hunters (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1941)

Somebody Stole My Gal, recorded by Count Basie (Song; 1930)

Spellbound (Film; 1945)

Star Dust, recorded by Hoagy Carmichael (Song; 1927)

Strategy, by B.H. Liddell Hart (Book; 1929)

Two Weeks Vacation (Disney Cartoon; 1952)

Unplugged MTV Show, recorded by Squeeze Live Show; 1989) [1st Unplugged Show]

The Walking Dead (TV Series; 2010)

What Ever Happened to Baby Jane (Film; 1962)

A Witch’s Tangled Hare (WB LT Cartoon; 1959)

You’ve Got Me in Switches or Suture Self (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S3, Ep. 122; 1961)

Zack and Miri Make a Porno (Film; 2008)

Zot, Parts 1 & 2 (Underdog Cartoon, S1, Eps. 9 & 10; 1964)

Today’s Name Days

Christoph, Quentin, Wolfgang (Austria)

Alfons, Volfgang, Vukmir (Croatia)

Štěpánka (Czech Republic)

Louise (Denmark)

Ardo, Ardu, Arti, Arto, Artur (Estonia)

Arto, Arttu, Artturi (Finland)

Quentin (France)

Melanie, Quentin, Wolfgang (Germany)

Ablia, Apellis, Aristovoulos, Narkisos, Stratoniki (Greece)

Farkas (Hungary)

Lucilla (Italy)

Rinalds, Smilga, Valts, Volfgangs (Latvia)

Alfonsas, Liucilė, Tanvilė (Lithuania)

Edit, Edna (Norway)

Alfons, Alfonsyna, Antoni, Antonina, August, Augusta, Godzimir, Godzisz, Lucylla, Łukasz, Saturnin, Saturnina, Urban, Wolfgang (Poland)

Amplie, Afelie, Aristobul, Narcis, Stahie, Urban (Romania)

Aurélia (Slovakia)

Alonso, Quintín (Spain)

Edgar, Edit (Sweden)

Maura, Moira (Ukraine)

Cruz, Flint, Flynn, Kruz, Trent, Trenton (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 305 of 2024; 61 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 4 of Week 44 of 2024

Celtic Tree Calendar: Hagal (Hailstone) [Day 5 of 28]

Chinese: Month 9 (Jia-Xu), Day 29 (Wu-Chen)

Chinese Year of the: Dragon 4722 (until January 29, 2025) [Wu-Chen]

Hebrew: 29 Tishri 5785

Islamic: 27 Rabi II 1446

J Cal: 5 Wood; Fryday [5 of 30]

Julian: 18 October 2024

Moon: 1%: Waning Crescent

Positivist: 25 Descartes (11th Month) [Ferguson / Condercet]

Runic Half Month: Wyn (Joy) [Day 9 of 15]

Season: Autumn or Fall (Day 39 of 90)

Week: Last Week of October

Zodiac: Scorpio (Day 8 of 30)

[manessha545]

Vanzolini's worm lizard

Vanzolini's worm lizard is a species of amphisbaenian in the family Amphisbaenidae. The species is native to northern South America

Scientific name: Amphisbaena vanzolinii

The specific name, vanzolinii, is in honor of Brazilian herpetologist Paulo Vanzolini.

Paulo Emilio Vanzolini (April 25, 1924 – April 28, 2013) was a Brazilian scientist and music composer. He was best known for his samba compositions, including the famous "Ronda", "Volta por Cima", and "Boca da Noite", and for his scientific works in herpetology. He is considered one of the greatest samba composers from São Paulo. Until his death, he still conducted research at the University of São Paulo (USP).

Vanzolinii is found in northern Brazil, Guyana (formerly British Guiana), and Suriname.

The preferred natural habitat of A. vanzolinii is forest. Vanzolinii is oviparous

Vanzolini's worm lizard - Wikipedia

Vanzolini's Worm Lizard (Amphisbaena vanzolinii), family Amphisbaenidae, Guyana

Legless lizard.

photograph by Elven Remérand

[conferenceineurope]

International academic conferences and events in Brazil

Brazil is the largest country in South America and in Latin America. Brazil is famous for its rainforests, stunning beaches and diverse cities. Brazil has 4 time zones and Brasilia is its capital. Around 60%of the Amazon Rainforest is in Brazil. Brazil people speak Portuguese. According to recent data/ source: 65 % of the population is Catholic, 22% and Protestant, 8% irreligious and 2% spirits in Brazil. Brazil is a country in the central eastern part of the South America. It shares border countries are Colombia, French, Argentina, Bolivia, Guyana, Guiana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela. Brazil dominated by both equatorial and tropical climates. In Brazil most attractive place is gorgeous coastlines and beaches. After that Amazon is famous for its Rainforest and Amazon River, Christ the Redeemer, Carnival, Soccer, impressive architecture and UNESCO World Heritage sites and colorful cities. Freedom of expression, detention conditions, public security and police conduct, military era abuses and women and girls rights are the biggest social issues in Brazil. The ‘Carnival of Rio de Janeiro’ event is the iconic event of Brazil, in which there is plenty of color, music and parades. In this festival different schools wear traditional costumes, dances and competitions happen. Although the people of Brazil have a variety of pagan festivals and many events are religious in nature. It faces the aggravation of some preexisting structural challenges including low levels of educational attainment, high inequality, deterioration in the poverty outlook and in human capital accumulation, sensitive fiscal position etc. International academic conferences / events related to this topic to be held on Brazil from time to time. Many international conferences offer free registration and sometimes provide hotel accommodations for the volunteers. Conferences in Brazil, all international conferences in Brazil, academic conferences in Brazil, International events in Brazil, Webinars in Brazil Workshops in Brazil, issues in Brazil seminar, major challenges in events, conferences, international conference.

[roamanddiscover]

Guyana

Guyana is a South American country located on the northeastern coast of the continent. It is the only country in South America where English is the official language, making it a unique destination for travelers. The country is bordered by Venezuela to the west, Brazil to the south, Suriname to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north. With a land area of approximately 215,000 square kilometers and a population of just over 780,000, Guyana is known for its wide range of biodiversity, natural resources, and rich cultural heritage. Visitors to Guyana can explore its diverse landscape, including its lush rainforests, towering mountains, and winding rivers. The country is home to a number of national parks and nature reserves, offering opportunities for wildlife viewing, birdwatching, and hiking. Beyond its natural attractions, Guyana also has a rich history and cultural heritage. From its indigenous peoples to its colonial roots, the country has a fascinating past that is well worth exploring. The capital city, Georgetown, is a hub of activity and offers visitors a glimpse into the country's vibrant culture. Whether you are interested in exploring the great outdoors, learning about Guyana's history and culture, or simply relaxing on a tropical beach, this South American country has something to offer everyone.

Etymology

The name Guyana is believed to have originated from the indigenous Amerindian language, specifically the Arawak tribes who inhabited the region before the arrival of European settlers. The term "Guiana" referred to "land of water" or "water's edge" in Arawak, describing the plentiful rivers and lush rainforests that characterize the region. During the 16th century, Spanish explorers referred to the area as "Guayana," a variation of the Arawak term. The Dutch later colonized the region, naming it "Nieuw Guyana" or "New Guiana." In 1831, the British seized control of the region and consolidated it with their other South American territories to form British Guiana. After gaining independence from Britain in 1966, the country was officially named the Cooperative Republic of Guyana, reflecting its diverse population and commitment to unity. Today, the country remains a melting pot of indigenous, African, Indian, Chinese, and European influences, with a rich history and culture that reflects its unique heritage and heritage.

History

Located on the northern coast of South America, Guyana has a rich and diverse history dating back thousands of years. The first inhabitants of the region were indigenous tribes, including the Arawaks and Caribs. During the 16th century, the Spanish were the first Europeans to explore the region that is now Guyana, but they did not attempt to settle the area. It was not until the Dutch arrived in the early 17th century that European colonization began in earnest. The Dutch established a series of trading posts along the coast and brought in slaves from Africa to work on plantations. In the late 18th century, Britain gained control of the region from the Dutch, and in 1814, the colony of British Guiana was officially established. The British continued to use enslaved labor until its abolition in 1838. Guyana remained a British colony until 1966 when it gained independence. Throughout its history, Guyana has been shaped by the interplay of various cultures, including Indigenous, African, Indian, Chinese and European cultures. Today, the country remains ethnically diverse, with a rich cultural heritage that is celebrated through its music, dance, festivals, and food. Major Events in Guyana's History Year Event 1498 Christopher Columbus visits the region 1616 The Dutch found the colony of Essequibo 1762 The British capture the Dutch colonies of Essequibo, Demerara, and Berbice 1834 Slavery is abolished in British Guiana 1928 The British Guiana Labour Party (BGLP) is founded 1966 Guyana gains independence from Britain 1980 Guyana becomes a republic Despite its small size, Guyana has played a significant role in regional and global politics. It has been a member of the United Nations since 1966 and has also been a member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) since its establishment in 1973. Today, Guyana is known for its efforts to protect its unique ecosystems and cultural heritage, as well as for its vast reserves of natural resources such as gold, diamonds, and timber. Guyana's history is both a fascinating and complex tapestry of different cultures, traditions, and influences that has shaped the country into what it is today.

Geology

Guyana is a country with a rich and unique geological history. One of its most prominent features is the Guiana Shield, which is a vast area of ancient rock formations that extends throughout much of South America. In Guyana, the Shield covers nearly 75% of the country's land area and provides a foundation for a diverse range of ecosystems and wildlife. Another notable geological feature of Guyana is the Kaieteur Falls, which is one of the most powerful waterfalls in the world. The waterfall is located in the heart of Guyana's rainforest, and it drops a staggering 741 feet into a gorge below. The Kaieteur Falls is not only a breathtaking natural wonder but also an important source of hydroelectric power for the country. Guyana also has a variety of other waterfalls, including the Orinduik Falls and the King George VI Falls. the country is home to numerous rivers, such as the Demerara River, which is the longest river in Guyana and a major transportation route for goods and people. Mountains are another important part of Guyana's landscape. The Kanuku Mountains, for example, rise up from the forested plains in the south-central region of the country. These mountains are home to a variety of endangered species, including the giant otter, harpy eagle, and jaguar. The Pakaraima Mountains, located in the western part of Guyana, are another important geological feature in the country. They are home to the country's highest peak, Mount Roraima, which straddles the borders of Guyana, Venezuela, and Brazil. This mountain range also contains numerous rivers and waterfalls and is an important part of the country's ecotourism industry. In addition to its mountains and waterfalls, Guyana is also home to a variety of unique rock formations, including giant boulders that are scattered throughout the savannas of the Rupununi region. These rock formations are believed to be over two billion years old and are an important part of Guyana's geological heritage. Guyana's unique geological features make it a fascinating destination for geologists, nature lovers, and adventure seekers. From its towering waterfalls to its ancient rock formations, this South American country is a treasure trove of natural wonders waiting to be explored.

Geography

Guyana, located on the northern coast of South America, boasts an incredibly diverse landscape. With dense rainforests, expansive savannas, and towering mountains, the country has something to offer every type of adventurer. Starting with its rivers, Guyana is home to some of the largest and most powerful in the world. The Essequibo River, the third longest in South America, runs through the heart of the country and features incredible wildlife such as river otters and giant river turtles. the Demerara, Berbice, and Corentyne Rivers are important for transportation and fishing industries. In terms of mountains, the Pakaraima Mountains provide a stunning backdrop for Guyana's landscape. The highest peak in the country is Mount Roraima, which stands at 9,219 feet and is part of the Triple Border, where Guyana, Venezuela, and Brazil meet. A trek up the mountain provides breathtaking views and is a popular destination for hikers. Guyana's rainforests are a sight to behold. The country's tropical climate allows for lush vegetation to thrive, with over 80% of the country being covered in forests. The Amazon rainforest stretches into Guyana's southern regions, providing a haven for exotic wildlife such as jaguars and giant anteaters. Guyana's geography is one of its greatest attractions. Whether you're looking for adventure in the mountains or relaxation on a peaceful river, this South American country has it all.

Ecology

Guyana's ecosystem is incredibly important, as it serves as a home to a wide range of species, some of which can only be found in this unique South American country. The country's many rivers and dense rainforests provide habitats for a diverse range of animals, from jaguars and giant otters to monkeys and spiders. One of the most interesting species found in Guyana is the giant anteater. This impressive animal can be found in the country's savannahs, where it uses its long, sticky tongue to eat up to 30,000 ants and termites per day. The jaguar is another iconic resident of the Guyanese forests. These large cats are incredibly fast and can easily climb trees, making them an apex predator in the region. However, Guyana is not just home to larger animals - the country is also home to an incredible array of birds, reptiles, and insects. Guyana is famous for the giant otter, which can be seen playing and swimming in the country's rivers and streams. This species is incredibly intelligent and social, living in groups of up to 20 individuals. In addition to these larger, more charismatic species, Guyana is also home to some of the world's most important plant and insect life. The country's dense rainforests are home to a huge variety of trees, many of which are used for medicinal purposes. The Amazon Rainforest, which takes up a large portion of Guyana's landmass, is known for its incredible biodiversity, with scientists estimating that there may be up to 16,000 different tree species in the region. Unfortunately, Guyana's ecosystem is under threat due to deforestation and climate change. Trees are being cut down at an alarming rate, which in turn is harming the many species that call Guyana home. The loss of habitat is especially concerning for endangered species such as the giant river otter and the harpy eagle. Despite these challenges, there is hope for Guyana's ecosystem. The country has taken a leading role in the battle against climate change, with its government committing to preserving forest land and working with international organizations to support sustainable development. This includes programs to encourage ecotourism, which in turn can help support local communities and provide an economic incentive to protect Guyana's stunning natural environment. Guyana's ecosystem is of immense value and importance, both to the country itself and to the wider world. Preserving this unique environment is vital for the species that call it home, and for the many benefits it provides to humans as well.

Biodiversity

Guyana is home to a vast array of flora and fauna, making it one of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. With dense rainforests, savannahs, wetlands, and coastal regions, Guyana is a haven for biodiversity. It is estimated that Guyana has over 7,000 species of plants, many of which are used for medicinal purposes. The country's rainforests provide a habitat for over 800 species of birds, including the national bird, the hoatzin, and the harpy eagle. Amongst the most unique species found in the rainforests are the giant otter and the giant anteater. Guyana is also home to a variety of primates, including the howler monkey, spider monkey, and capuchin monkey, as well as other mammals such as the jaguar, puma, and tapir. The country's waters are equally rich, with over 400 species of fish and several species of marine mammals, including manatees and dolphins. Despite its rich biodiversity, Guyana faces several threats to its ecosystem, including deforestation, mining, and climate change. Many of the country's species are endangered, including the giant otter, the harpy eagle, and the jaguar. However, measures such as protected areas, conservation efforts, and ecotourism have been implemented to help preserve the country's biodiversity. In recent years, Guyana has made significant strides in preserving its natural resources. The country has established several protected areas, including the Kaieteur National Park and the Kanuku Mountains Protected Area, to preserve its unique flora and fauna. ecotourism has become a major industry, providing an economic incentive for preserving the country's biodiversity. There is no doubt that Guyana's rich biodiversity holds immense value, not just for the country but for the world as a whole. With continued conservation and preservation efforts, Guyana can continue to showcase itself as a leader in eco-tourism and environmental sustainability while maintaining its diverse and unique ecosystem.

spider monkey

Climate

Guyana has a tropical climate, with two distinct seasons: a wet season from May to July and a dry season from August to November. The average temperature in Guyana ranges from 24°C to 32°C. The country's climate has a significant impact on its environment and agriculture. The wet season in Guyana often results in flooding, which can damage the country's infrastructure and affect agriculture. At the same time, the rainfall also helps to replenish water sources and irrigate crops. The dry season, on the other hand, can lead to droughts that can have devastating effects on agriculture. Despite the challenges posed by the climate, Guyana has significant potential for agriculture. The country has vast fertile lands that can be used for agriculture, but the lack of proper irrigation systems and infrastructure limits the agricultural production. The government has taken steps to improve agriculture production by investing in infrastructure and promoting sustainable farming practices. Recently, there has been a push for the increase in organic farming in Guyana. The country's climate has also spurred the development of eco-tourism, with many visitors interested in the unique flora and fauna found in Guyana's rainforests. Guyana has one of the highest levels of biodiversity in the world, and the country is home to many endangered species. Guyana's tropical climate plays a significant role in the country's environment and agricultural sector, with both positive and negative effects. Proper infrastructure and sustainable farming practices can help to mitigate the negative effects of the climate and unlock the potential of Guyana's rich agricultural resources and diverse ecosystem.

Environmental Issues

Guyana is facing a multitude of environmental challenges that threaten its fragile ecosystem. Among these challenges are deforestation and climate change. Deforestation in Guyana is mainly driven by the mining industry, which clears large areas of forest to extract minerals such as gold and bauxite. In addition, commercial logging and agriculture also contribute to deforestation. Deforestation has a significant impact on Guyana's environment and biodiversity. The country has one of the largest undisturbed tropical rainforests in the world, which is home to a diverse array of plant and animal species, many of which are endemic. Deforestation not only destroys their habitat but also disrupts the delicate balance of the ecosystem. The other major environmental issue faced by Guyana is climate change. The country experiences extreme weather events such as flooding and droughts, which are becoming increasingly severe and frequent due to climate change. The agricultural sector, which plays a vital role in Guyana's economy, is particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Guyana's government has recognized the importance of addressing these environmental issues and has taken steps to mitigate their impact. In 2009, the country introduced a Low Carbon Development Strategy (LCDS) aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions caused by deforestation and promoting sustainable development. The LCDS involves creating a mechanism for payments for ecosystem services, which provide economic incentives for forest conservation. In addition to the LCDS, Guyana is also working to promote sustainable forestry and agricultural practices. The government is introducing measures to reduce the impact of mining on the environment, including setting aside protected areas where mining is not permitted. Guyana has also implemented legislation to regulate logging and promote sustainable forestry practices. While these initiatives are a step in the right direction, there is a still a long way to go before Guyana's ecosystem can be considered safe. It is important that the government continues to prioritize environmental protection and work towards sustainable development. This will not only benefit the country's unique ecology but also its economy and the well-being of its people.

Politics

Guyana is a country that operates as a presidential representative democratic republic, meaning that the President acts both as the head of state and the head of government. The president is elected by popular vote for a five-year term and can only serve a maximum of two terms.The National Assembly, which is made up of 65 members, is the unicameral legislative body in Guyana. Members of the National Assembly are elected by proportional representation, with the country being divided into nine regions, and each region is allocated a number of seats in the National Assembly based on its population.Guyana has been facing political turbulence following the March 2020 elections, which were closely contested between the incumbent and opposition parties. The results were delayed due to allegations of vote fraud and irregularities in the election process. The situation was tense, and violence erupted between rival political factions. However, in August of the same year, the election results were validated by the country's highest court, and Irfaan Ali of the People's Progressive Party was declared the winner and sworn in as the ninth President of Guyana.Apart from the election controversy, Guyana is facing a host of other social and economic issues, including corruption, drug trafficking, poverty, and unemployment. The political landscape is not immune to these challenges. The government has been grappling with allegations of corruption, and there have been calls for greater accountability and transparency in government operations. Furthermore, Guyana is facing environmental issues such as forest destruction and climate change, which will undoubtedly require the government's attention and action.Guyana's foreign policy is anchored on the principles of non-alignment, peaceful coexistence, and respect for international law. The country maintains diplomatic relations with more than 110 countries and is a member of several international organizations such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the Union of South American Nations.Guyana's political landscape is fraught with challenges, both old and new. Read the full article

[brooklynislandgirl]

♫♫♫♫♫

singing in the dark || Accepting

I've long posited that Beth has spent a lot of time practising medicine in foreign countries through Médecins Sans Frontières. And when one is being exposed to new new cultures, new music, and new food, some of those things resonate regardless of your home country. At least that's what it is for her, and has given her an international appreciation for others.

So these songs are meaningful and attached to Beth by virtue of representing places she's been.

~*~

Hello My Baby | Ladysmith Black Mambazo and Oliver Mtukudzi Kanti Wena Wenzani | Shabalala Rhythm Ndombolo | Koffi Olomide Loi Georgetown Guyana | Gaddie G Mi De Enke Fa Mi De | Tekki Faluma/Makelele | Alison Hinds

[jalebi-o-shir]

The Emergence of a Diasporic Singular Desi Culture

I have been observing this for a while on several social media platforms and I have a theory that a singular “Desi” culture is taking shape in North America, and perhaps other diasporas. Since I haven’t had much experience with other diasporas in several years, I will only focus on this phenomenon through a North American lense.

The reason for saying is that I increasingly see young South Asians, in particular, Gen Z, make tiktoks mentioning how “our” culture is beautiful, and then proceed to show off cultural dress, cuisine, art, architecture etc. playing to a remixed Bollywood song.

The issue here is not showing appreciation, but the issue is using the singular from of culture instead of the plural — cultures.

South Asia is not a monolith, nor does it have one culture, so which culture in particular are we here appreciating? Every country, whether it would be Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, (Southern) Tibet (controversial, I know) , The Maldives, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and Diaspora countries like Suriname, Guyana, Belize, Trinidad & Tobago, Jamaica, Mauritius, Fiji etc. all have self-contained individual cultures that are inter-connected or unique to their own region.

These tiktoks, from my observation, show only Northern Indian cultural aspects with a heavy emphasis on Punjabi culture. Popular Tiktok dances feature Hindi and Punjabi, yet rarely any music from other states. Then again, it is called fyp for a reason. It may be the content I interact with, but then again I interact with a broad spectrum of self-stylized Desi creators on “brown tiktok”. From North to South.

Every now and then, there is legitimate criticism on limiting Desi tiktok to Hindi-Urdu and Punjabi songs where a number of videos have been circulating to test one’s “Desiness” whether you know these songs or not. Same goes for movies. If not, then you are white-washed. What about the rest, who don’t speak Hindi-Urdu or Punjabi? This is why being “Desi” is quite controversial because it means different things to different people.

Why do I think that there is singular North American Desi culture emerging? It is because Bollywood consumption plays a central role in it in making the younger generation believe that there is a such thing as one culture being portrayed in Bollywood while reality is something very different.

I as a Punjabi am used to seeing my culture being hyper-represented in Indo-Pak media. In fact, it is the culture that is used in Bollywood and Lollywood productions the most when we talk about cultural reprentation. Same for music, apart from Hindi, Punjabi is the only regional language that gets that much attention and gone worldwide – for good and bad reasons.

Home culture is very different. We all have our own home culture that we grew up in. We have our languages, our own foods, our own clothes, own histories, yet when these younger Desis present themselves to the outside world, it all dissipates and changed into this Bollywood-esque performance.

We suddenly ALL eat naan, biryani, samosein, jalebi, gulab jamun, roti and we ALL speak Hindi, wear saris, lehengas, shalwar kameezein and are ALL Indian, desi, and brown.

Yet, here I am, not knowing anything about other regional dishes other than my own which ironically is all of the above and more as a Punjabi-Pakistani. I have no idea what Gujuratis eat, no idea what Sindhis eat, I had no idea what Marathi sounded. I had no idea Bihari songs were popular. I have no idea what Assamese wear.

It disregards everything unique and hyper-focuses on Bollywood and Punjab as the source for this repackaged Desi culture. Bengali home culture, Punjabi home culture, Pashtun home culture, Tamizh home culture, Devehi home culture, Indo-Guyanese home culture, Indo-Surinamese home culture are all different environments, yet you won’t see that when you land on #browntok, instead you will see this generic brand where everyone supposedly can participate in disregarding that it leaves people out and alienizes anyone that doesn’t relate to “Desi culture”

I find it so odd that Patels are quite well represented, yet know nothing about Gujurati culture or their language other than “kemcho”. The reason why I bring this up is because the culture would be seen as foreign to the Desi-sphere and not recognizable as Desi because people views this “Desi culture” though a very narrow lense.

In a way this Desi culture is just repackaged Punjabi culture made palatable for the masses that are fixated on romanticized images of their home countries disregarding class differences, history, and culture. People don’t realize that only certain classe wore such ornamental dresses like the lehenga choli and thatvit was limited to a certain class or money and still is, yet is touted as something accessible to anyone.

Big “Indian” weddings are not the norm, they are the exception, yet still are juxtapositioned with White Weddings as being something extravagent. It only works if you or family have money.

Bottomline: this Desi singular culture does not exist outside of social media realistically because we all have our own cultural aspects that are unique. Bollywood is not an accurate and reliable cultural representation. You are not cultured by watching Bollywood movies, you are a good consumer. People need to show off their regional cultures more.

[risingpakistan1947]

11 things that Brazil is famous for

Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest in the world. It has a population of approximately over 215.31 (2022) million people and a land area of almost 8.5 million square kilometers. The official language is Portuguese, which is spoken by nearly all Brazilians. The predominant religion is Roman Catholicism. Brazil is a federal republic with a presidential system of government. The capital city is Brasilia, and its most populous city is São Paulo. The geography of Brazil is diverse and complex. The country has a long coastline on the Atlantic Ocean and has a border with ten countries, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela in the north, Colombia in the north-west, Peru, Bolivia, and Paraguay in the west, Argentina in the south-west, and Uruguay in the south. The Amazon River basin makes up the majority of Brazil, and it is one of the most biodiverse areas on Earth. 11 things that Brazil is famous for   Brazil is known for its beautiful landscapes and diverse culture. From the mountains and rain forests of the Amazon to the white-sand beaches of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil is full of natural wonders. The people of Brazil are also incredibly diverse, with more than 200 different ethnic groups represented. Brazilian music, food, and art make brazil famous and highly regarded around the world, making Brazil one of the most popular tourist destinations on the continent. Brazil is famous for below mentioned things. Read the full article

[i-did]

A guide for proper terminology for Nicky Hemmick:

Written by me, a Mexican-American.

Latin American: someone from Latin America, this includes Mexico but not Spain. Latin America is multi ethnic, and not just Spanish speaking, the non Spanish speaking countries of Latin America are Brazil, Belize, Suriname, Guyana, French Guiana, and the Falkland Islands.

Latino: decent from Latin America, similar to saying Latin American, but can include people born in America of Latin American decent. People don't really say "Latin American American," they say Latino American. (Latina = woman, and Latine = neutral but not commonly used, often typed Latin@s online for shorthand to include both). Latin American countries are very diverse, some are dominantly black/Afro-Latino.

Afro-Latino: Afro-Latin Americans are dominantly from African decent, some Latin American countries are majorly black/Afro-Latino. when used outside of Latin America it can mean someone who’s mixed black and Latino. 

Latinx: "gender neutral" term for Latino, but probably made by white people because .... Spanish words don't end in x, and x isn't pronounced that way in Spanish, for example the name Xitlali (sometimes spelled Zitlali and other variations, but pronounced like an S). Honestly say Latino/Latinos or Latin@s, and in online queer spaces Latine/Latines.

Chicano: Latin American decent but born in America.

Hispanic: related to Spain, colonized by Spain, so this includes Spain but not Brazil, which is a Latin American country.

Mexican: a person from Mexico living in America, for example Nicky's mom, but often also casually used to mean Mexican Americans (or Latino/Chicanos in general).

Mexican American: Latin American decent born into America. Unlike chicano, it is associated more with the idea of assimilation into white America, but not always.

Mexicano: what Mexicans call themselves in Mexico (feminine is Mexicana).

TexMex: people who were living in Mexico, and then America bought/stole the land and said "this is also America now, you can leave or stay" and they stayed. They became Americans, Texas Mexican American culture is different than for example SoCal Mexican American culture because of this, (but still more in common with each other than not).

Anglo: someone who is non Latino, usually in reference to someone who lives in the America's that were colonized by British people and English is the standard spoken language, ex/ North Americans and Canadians who aren't Latino. Usually in reference to white people but not always. If someone is Asian American and constantly purposefully mispronounces my name, instead of being like "🙄white people" I can be like "🙄 Anglos" (or I could say gringo, which is not as nice of a term for anglo). I honestly don’t know if I can call a spaniard anglo, but I assume not, since they're not Anglo-Saxon, which is where the term comes from.

despite what the media represents, not all Latino’s are Mexican! although the two terms are often used interchangeably when they’re really not. there are 32 other countries besides Mexico in Latin America.

Mexican is technically a nationality, but because of colonialism it’s not that simple. Race dynamics work differently in different countries. Most Mexicanos are not connected with their mixed indigenous ancestors, while some still are, like the Maya. It is something that has been taken from us and has evolved into its own thing. Some Mexicanos are lighter than others, sometimes by being more related to the Spanish than the indigenous. Mexico has a huge problem with colorism and class divide as well as overall racial tension.

Mexico is also not only "white/more Spanish" "more brown" and "fully indigenous, culturally and ethnically", there are afro-latinos (like mentioned before), and also Asian latinos, specifically a large amount of Chinese immigrants from when China became communist, middle eastern latinos, etc. Latin America has immigrants too! 

I have a friend who is fully Korean but grew up in Guatemala, I have another friend from Brazil who is 100% of polish and Ashkenazi decent, her grandparents having escaped to Brazil during WWII, but she and her parents grew up and spent their whole lives in Brazil, they are Latin Americans. 

List of things Nicky's mom Maria is:

Mexican, Mexicana, Latina, Latin American, 'Hispanic' but like.... outdated term and usually when people use this they just mean Latin@.

List of things Nicky is:

Mexican-American, Latino, "Mexican" in the broad sense of the word.

Describing Nicky or his mother as "looking hispanic" doesn't really make sense because he takes after his mother who is described as very dark and therefore less Spanish decent and more indigenous decent, she's from a Spanish speaking country so... its not technically wrong, but Nicky is from and English speaking one and doesn't speak Spanish, so it doesn't really make sense.

He isn't Chicano and neither is she, she wasn't born in America and Nicky doesn't identify as Chicano or in general much with his mothers culture beyond visible features. He is never mentioned to make Mexican food, listen to Latin American music, or other aspects of Latino culture in general. He chose to go to Germany instead of Spain or Latin America, and he talked Aaron out of taking Spanish in exchange for German so Nicky could help him with his homework, (meaning he doesn't know Spanish, which many Mexican Americans don't know).

saying Nicky “looked Mexican” or “looked brown” isn’t a bad thing, Neil in the books says he’s two shades too dark to be considered tan, so... stop tip-toeing around it and call him brown instead of tan. It’s not a bad thing to be brown, and It’s not a bad thing to be Mexican. maybe I’m just from somewhere with a lot of Mexican-Americans, but when I look at people I can tell they’re not Anglos, or I think to myself “oh another Mexican” or at least “brown person” vs when I see a white person I think “white person.” I’m not face blind, I know that different races exist and look different and can see such trends in real people in the same way that when I look at a little girl I go “oh a little girl” not “what sex is this weird hairless animal, what is this alien”.

these concepts are a lot more complicated in practice, I get told often I don’t “look Mexican” but so does one of my cousins who’s afro latino and plays professional basketball in Mexico. Gender is fake but the majority of people we see are still falling into two categories on sight, it’s how we’re socially trained. 

I'm also not an encyclopedia, if you think I made a mistake let me know and I'll check it out. A lot of this was just off the top of my head and words I just learned from.... existing, I didn't exactly look them all up in the dictionary.

Also if you’re writing Nicky, don’t be afraid to get a sensitivity reader, @sensitivityreaders is a good resource for this, and so is @writingwithcolor

[aquariumdrunkard]

Naya Beat Volume 1: South Asian Dance and Electronic Music 1983-1992

The Los Angeles based Naya Beat Records is a reissue and rework label dedicated to uncovering forgotten electronic and dance music from the overlooked ‘80s and ‘90s South Asian music scene. Its first release, Naya Beat Volume 1: South Asian Dance and Electronic Music 1983-1992, is out on June 25th and features future classics from India, Pakistan, the U.K., Canada, Guyana and Suriname, released between 1983 and 1992.

[berlysbandcamp]

South Asian dance and electronic music rarities handpicked, remastered and occasionally reworked. Featuring overlooked future classics from India, Pakistan, the U.K., Canada, Guyana and Suriname released between 1983 and 1992. Naya Beat Records is proud to present its first in a series of compilations and full-length album reissues dedicated to uncovering hidden electronic and dance music gems from the overlooked ‘80s and ‘90s South Asian music scene.

The compilation features future classics from India, Pakistan, the U.K., Canada, Guyana and Suriname released between 1983 and 1992. From East-West’s dancefloor filler "Can't Face The Night (Club Mix)" to Remo’s balearic masterpiece "Jungle Days" (off his seminal album Bombay City!) to other disco, synth-pop, and balearic dancefloor bangers from artists like Babla & His Orchestra, Sheila Chandra, Bappi Lahiri and Asha Puthli to name a few, this double album includes highly sought after, previously never reissued and otherwise impossible to find grails. The double album has been mastered by multi Grammy-nominated Frank Merritt at his mastering studio The Carvery and includes some killer reworks by Naya Beat co-founders Turbotito and Ragz. Founded by former Poolside member Filip Nikolic (Turbotito) and DJ and record collector Raghav Mani (Ragz), Naya Beat (loosely translated from Hindi as “New Beat”) is building on the success of seminal South Asian dance and electronic reissues like Rupa Disco Jazz and Charanjit Singh’s iconic Ten Ragas To A Disco Beat. Turbotito and Ragz have spent years digging for records in the most unusual places, from the crowded and dusty markets of New Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai to the Guyanese corner shops in Jamaica, Queens, to the Surinamese record stores in Amsterdam and the South Asian communities of London and Birmingham. They have amassed an exceptionally deep treasure trove of dance and groove-based music that has never been reissued.

[thetransatlanticphenomenon]

You can still catch a recording of our latest show on @kcsbfm at the link in our bio! We heard so many great artists, including Chanderwatie Kandhai. She is a singer and harmonium player from Suriname who performed music in a genre known as baithak gana. Baithak gana, also called 'local classical music', originated in the Indian Diaspora communities of Suriname. According to the Local Classical Music Archives, an initiative of the Centre for Indic Studies, baithak gana is now "fondly practiced in the West Indies region, specifically in Guyana, Suriname and Trinidad." Check out their website for videos, photos & more! Below is our full playlist: *Los Dandy's "Gema" [MEXICO] *Los Embajadores Criollos "Lejano Amor" [PERU] *Los 3 Paraguayos "Recuerdos De Ypacarai" [PARAGUAY] *Juan Neri y su Trio "La Chica de Ipanema" [MEXICO] *Los Claners "Sin Tener Que Mentir" [VENEZUELA] *Henry Stephen "Limon Limonero" [VENEZUELA] *Toots & The Maytals "Pomps And Pride" [JAMAICA] *The Immortals "Hot Tears" [NIGERIA] *Funkees "Ole" [NIGERIA] *Conjunto Los Latinos "Jaraneando, Si Senor" [CUBA] *Caridad Hierrezuelo "Saoco" [CUBA] *Chanderwatie Kandhai "Sab Se Awla O Aala" [SURINAME] *Bonga "Ghinawa" [ANGOLA] *Conchinha de Mascarenhas "Mulata é a noite" [ANGOLA] *The Happy Boys "Mi Dulce Amor" [PANAMA] *Toto Bissainthe "Ou Soti Pos Machan" [HAITI] *Muyei Power "Yawule Ngombu" [SIERRA LEONE] *L'Orchestre National de Mauritanie "La Mone" [MAURITANIA] *Bembeya Jazz National "Boiro" [GUINEA] *Anne-Marie Nzié "Odili" [CAMEROON] *Orchestre Le Super Volta De La Capitale "La Guitare de Tinga" [BURKINA FASO] 📷: Image of album cover of "The Lovely Voice of Chanderwatie" taken from discogs.com #chanderwatie #musicofsuriname #surinamesemusic #baithakgana #harmoniumplayer #communityradio #womeninmusic #musichistory #kcsb (at KCSB-FM 91.9 in Santa Barbara) https://www.instagram.com/p/CP-98bRA2t2/?utm_medium=tumblr

[eddierodriguezentertainment]

WE CLIMBING TO THE TOP! Charlie XO Feat Taina Lopez "Por Primera Vez" MOVES UP TO NUM 6 on Music Choice Latin Urban. We're OFFICIALLY 5 spots away from conquering Num 1. Don't count me out yet BITCHES ✌😎 Started @ Num 100, 81, 61, 52, 43, 41, 39, 36, 35, 32, 29, 25, 23, 22, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 10, 7, TODAY 6 💪😎🔥 Give us a Follow or a Like on Spotify CLICK ON THE LINK https://open.spotify.com/album/5bCf6Im2WNc7bCS8oyOMAy?si=nJ8xmxN-Td6YOrq5qzOaBA For Bookings and Interviews contact Eddie Rodriguez Entertainment (646) 387-5031 - Cell / Whatsapp email: edrodent@aol.com eddierodriguezentertainment@gmail.com #belize #costarica #elsalvador #guatemala🇬🇹 #honduras🇭🇳 #méxico #nicaragua #panama #argentina🇦🇷 #bolivia #brazil #chile🇨🇱 #colombia #ecuador #frenchguiana #guyana #paraguay #perú #suriname #uruguay #venezuela🇻🇪 #dominicanrepublic🇩🇴 #haiti #guadalajara #guadalupe #martinique #puertorico #saintmartin #reggaetton #reggaetonpop https://www.instagram.com/p/CPdL3OJNhwS/?utm_medium=tumblr

[sailing-elitsha]

Hallelujah

Thinking about a header for this report I am struggling, it’s from boring because of no wind from all directions in the doldrums, over: exited to come closer to the Amazon river, over: we saw Neptune, over: not being sure if we can do this up to total exhaustion. We have been so tired that we could not even show excitement and joy anymore by our safe arrival in Paramaribo, after a very difficult 11 days stretch.  Let me first write everything down and see which heading we will choose.

Very quiet Dick said, “I saw you praying with your hands folded.” “Yes, I did that.” Whoever up in heaven, the universe or wherever feels I could have meant him or her: Thank you. Dick agreed.

Towards the end of this stretch, we could not think straight anymore, did not sleep because of the funny moves, Elitsha made, encouraged by Jip and Janneke, and the waves. Sometimes we really heeled onto our side after sliding down steep waves or swell. Realistically and objectively, there was no real danger, but at times it felt differently. Elitsha did a great job.  And let’s be honest, while in a force 8, in gusts 45 knots on our wind vane at sea with a currant of 3,5 knots, 12 knots showing on our log, knowing shore was close even though you do not see a thing and to sail in a river mouth with low tide, you make one wrong move……… everything can happen. But we did not make a wrong move. Dick knows what he is doing, and I am not too bad a sailor too.  Most importantly: when I was losing it and panicked there was Dick for me and when Dick was tired and miserable, I was there for him: Interesting self-studies of a relationship therapist, I am telling you. Do not do this if you don’t have a good relationship. But if you have good relationship, this is so special and amazing to go through together.

And… perhaps or most probably, this is normal and not a big thing for cruisers on an ocean crossing, but for us as beginning cruisers, it was a big thing. The challenge was, that for the last 4 days we hardly found a longer stretch of sleep than 1 or 2 hours and that breaks you at the end. That was, I think, the reason why we were desperate to arrive and stay somewhere for a while.  

But let’s start at the beginning:

We started relaxed after leaving Fernado de Norunha. Although, sailing without wind is never relaxing. You are looking for wind all the times, changing your sails and finally if you can’t stand the slapping of the beams and sails anymore you start the motor and you get annoyed by the noise of he motor and the fact that you are a sailing boat and not sailing……all of those things. Fortaleza just didn’t want to come closer, and Suriname seemed unreachable far for us. The promise was that we at least will find the strong current which would push us along from Fortaleza to the Amazon delta and Suriname.

On the 8th of Mai at 2.23pm Brasilia time we saw Neptune and served him an Oude Jenever. He seemed to like it. We originally wanted to go and swim with Neptune but just at that time Neptune on his turn treated us with some wind and we made 7 knots: 3 of them from the current. But in the doldrums, you are happy with everything what moves you along. Anyway, he (Neptune) had to do it with the Jenever, and we kept on sailing.

Just before the Amazon river at the end of day 6 of 11 it started blowing. Yeah!!!!!!!! 180 miles a day and no motor anymore. That’s great. Forecast: 12-15 knots with gusts of 20 knot. Lovely!!!!! From late afternoon of day 7 the constant wind was 32 and the gusts up to 40, RAIN and it started with a close-by lightening flash and a thunder clap. And that carried on till close to Paramaribo. The funniest: Nothing of all was forecasted on the Iridium weather report: as I said: ENE wind 12 – 15 knots, gusts of 20 knots and some possible thundershowers, but in our case they were not gusts any more, but constant hard wind 30 knots plus for 3-4 days in a row. The Amazon, even we passed him on a big respectable distance, and later the Suriname river brought trees down to the sea. You had to have your eyes everywhere. A whale, a humpback, close to the Amazon, just next to Elitsha, I saw him thinking: you are here and not in Africa? (we see whales in Hout Bay on a regular base), that close he was. For weeks we didn’t see more than a handful ships. They were huge, okay, but we saw them on AIS far before we could see them in real. Now there were lots of fisher boats around who didn’t feel like using AIS (they don’t want to be seen by their colleagues), tankers from Venezuela who switch on AIS only last minute, and this all at night, without moon and stars assisting…...and then………..always this “gale wind”, waves and massive swell.  Another thing made us nervous: the “shallow” water.  After having sailed for month now in blue water, REALLY blue water of 4 000, 5 000 meters deep, we suddenly sailed up the plateau of the South American Continent: only 200 meters of depth. You should think: That’s deep enough, Sylke. Yes, but it’s just what you are used to, right?! And we were used to 4000 to 5000 meters. The water was green, closer to Suriname, when we had no more than 20 meters it was yellowish. The Amazonas brought trees with big branches and fields of green-brownish weed, leaves…. and always the strong wind, the rain and thundershowers and you can’t step out of this train or leave the movie……you have to hang in there. This paired with not sleeping and being exhausted and Navionics giving us problems at this very moment, we saw the lights of French Guyana as the lights of Suriname (same character) and panicked that we would have passed Paramaribo already. After having struck sails and heading Elitsha into the wind, to check out if we are right or wrong, we finally followed our way towards Suriname with only the Genua, which was still fast enough. Holger, one of our shore captains confirmed, that we have the entrance of the Suriname river 20 mile ahead and not behind us. Ufff, what a relief. We still didn’t see land………. only 60, 50, 40, 30 foot of water under Elitsha, no entrance buoy in sight…….  Via radio we got in touch with  MAS ( Suriname Harbour authorities). Anneke, our other shore captain, had arrange contact and allowance with them already. In times of Corona regulations this is essential. You can’t just go to a harbour. Everything has to be pre-arranged. When we called MAS, to ask if we were somewhere close to the entrance buoy of the river mouth, a deep voice in Dutch with a heavy Surinam’s accent answered: “ik zie jullie on AIS.” YES!!!!!!!!!!! Eventually, we saw not the entrance buoy, but the first green buoy and shared this” achievement” with him. His dry and short reaction: “Mevrouw, u bent op de goede weg!!!!!” (“Lady, you are on the right way”). Not more and not less, but it was like music to our ears. It was low tide and our echo sounder told us, 20, 10 and then 9,60 foot. Elitsha needs at least 5,50 foot of water to float. We motor sailed (to be more controllable). Still 30 knots of wind, rain, and buoys not visible all the time. On the river we almost got stuck twice in the mud: 6 foot on the depth sounder. We were blessed to have sailed for years on the Dutch Waddenzee. This was very similar. The only difference: ELITSHA is not a flatbottom with leeboards.  It looked exactly like you sail from the Stortemelk into the Schuitegat towards Terschelling with low tide and it felt exactly like that.

I could tell you more about my fear of sailing over the many wrecks alongside of the coast, our chart showed us and Dick’s fear of hitting ground in the bottom of the waves (that’s why he looked for more shallow water without swell and waves), about comforting and encouraging each other that we will make it, that the fishermen would look out, that 30 - 40 knots of wind is actually not that bad and we are not in real danger but that we just needed some sleep and rest, after 2 antibiotic courses and, and………  And then we just arrived……just like that!!!! We picked a mooring buoy, made the dingy ready to go and went ashore. I did not eat for 4 days, actually ate the other way round (if you know what I mean). In the bar of the Marina, where everybody welcomed us, we ate and drank because we felt, we must celebrate. But the feeling was not there like in St Helena and Fernando. We went back to our brave ELITSHA and slept like we got paid for it. The next day we celebrated full time. We ate the whole day, talked to everybody who came across. We did 5 washes in the Marinas washing machine, had I don’t know how many showers and Elitsha got a very good clean up: you don’t want to know how it looked like inside her: flour everywhere, everything everywhere and because of the salt water everything was sticky, wet and just ick.

Now we have a fruit bowl and candles on the table, new sheets on our beds, nothing moves, and we can just move without getting thrown into one of the corners of the ship, fall of the toilet and stuff like that. Okay its rainy season and if it rains, it REALY RAINS, buckets of water coming down, but that is not such a problem: cleans the boat and fills the water tank. A bar with nice music and good food where you meet nice and friendly people, a shower, free internet: that is what we were craving for.  We are on the Suriname river in Domburg, close to Paramaribo. We hear the howler monkeys on the other side of the river, where it’s already  pure jungle. I am telling you, it’s REAL heaven.

I remember from the old days of sailing in Holland: the feeling of arriving after a tough stretch in bad weather and under poor conditions is unbeatable. Leaving under difficult condition makes you nervous, hanging in it, you just do what you must do, and arriving is heaven.

Wednesday we will go for the stamp in our passports and on Friday we will sail with ELITSHA  70 miles down the river to meet caiman, anaconda, howler monkey and jaguar in the real jungle. No Sonny and Crocked anymore, Dick as Tanzan and I will be Jane.

………to be continued.