#Monoclonal Antibodies

[willowreader]

The use of monoclonal antibodies to treat Long Covid.

[cbccindia]

Understanding Immunotherapy for Autoimmune Diseases

Introduction

Immunotherapy, a groundbreaking approach primarily recognized for cancer therapy immunotherapy, is now making significant strides in treating autoimmune diseases. This article delves into how immunotherapy is applied beyond cancer immunology immunotherapy to manage and treat autoimmune conditions.

The Mechanism of Immunotherapy in Autoimmune Diseases

Immunotherapy works by modulating the immune system, enhancing its ability to fight diseases. Unlike in immunotherapy cancer treatment, where the goal is to target and destroy cancer cells, in autoimmune diseases, the therapy aims to recalibrate the immune system to stop attacking the body's tissues.

Types of Immunotherapy for Autoimmune Diseases

There are various types of immunotherapy used to treat autoimmune diseases. These include monoclonal antibodies, cytokine inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, each designed to alter specific immune system pathways. While some of these therapies overlap with those used in cancer treatment, their application in autoimmune diseases focuses on immune regulation and suppression of overactive immune responses.

Immunotherapy Medications and Treatments

Immunotherapy medications for autoimmune diseases are tailored to reduce inflammation and curb the immune system's erroneous attacks on healthy cells. The precise medication or combination of therapies depends on the specific autoimmune condition being treated, highlighting the personalized nature of immunotherapy.

The Role of Immunotherapy and Vaccines

Exploring the intersection of immunotherapy and vaccines reveals potential for preventative strategies in autoimmune diseases. Vaccines designed to induce tolerance in the immune system are under research, potentially preventing autoimmune diseases from developing or worsening.

Managing Side Effects and Costs

While immunotherapy offers new hope, it's crucial to consider immunotherapy side effects and immunotherapy cost. Side effects vary widely, from mild to severe, and must be carefully managed under medical supervision. The cost can also be significant, necessitating a discussion about healthcare resources and insurance coverage.

Conclusion

Immunotherapy for autoimmune diseases represents a promising frontier in medical treatment, offering hope for millions suffering from these conditions. As research progresses, it could redefine the therapeutic landscape for autoimmune diseases, much like it has for cancer.

Discovering Excellence in Cancer and Autoimmune Disease Treatment at CBCC India

At the forefront of medical innovation and care, CBCC India stands as one of the leading Cancer Hospital in India, dedicated to eliminating cancer and advancing treatment for autoimmune diseases. Our commitment to innovative research and exceptional care ensures that every patient receives personalized, state-of-the-art treatment. Discover the pinnacle of healthcare excellence at CBCC India, where we strive to conquer cancer and improve the lives of those with autoimmune diseases through cutting-edge immunotherapy and comprehensive care.

[prachicmi]

Biopharmaceuticals: Driving Innovation in Healthcare Industry

Significance in Drug Development Biopharmaceuticals, also known as biologics, are medical drugs created by living organisms through biotechnology methods instead of being chemically synthesized. They have revolutionized the treatment of various diseases over the past few decades. They are often developed to treat complex diseases like cancer, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis that cannot be effectively treated with traditional small molecule drugs. They provide targeted treatment options with fewer side effects compared to conventional drugs.

Mechanism of Action of Biologic Drugs Biopharmaceuticals work differently than chemically synthesized small molecule drugs. Their large and complex molecular structure allows them to be highly specific and interact with the body in novel ways. Most biologics are protein-based and are produced through recombinant DNA technology, monoclonal antibodies, tissue engineering or gene therapy. They target disease pathways at the protein level using their three-dimensional molecular structure. For example, monoclonal antibody drugs bind only to specific proteins on the surface of diseased cells like cancer cells, making them an effective targeted therapy. Due to their specificity and high molecular weight, they cannot be chemically synthesized and require biotechnological manufacturing methods. Advantages over Conventional Drugs The complexity and specificity of biopharmaceuticals provide several therapeutic advantages. Firstly, they demonstrate high efficacy against diseases that were previously untreatable. Secondly, biologics elicit weaker immune responses than foreign therapeutic proteins derived from non-human sources. This allows them to be highly effective with fewer side effects. Thirdly, biologics can be engineered to have longer half-lives in the body compared to chemically synthesized drugs, reducing dosing frequency. Fourthly, they demonstrate precise targeting of cellular pathways involved in disease without impacting healthy cells. This enhances safety and tolerability. Lastly, biologics development allows for personalized medicine approaches through companion diagnostics, biomarker-guided therapies and combination treatments. Biosimilars Foster Healthcare Access and Cost Savings The development of biosimilars, which are highly similar versions of innovator biologics that have lost patent protection, has been a major driver of cost-savings in the biopharmaceutical industry. Biosimilars can be approved by regulators based on demonstrating similarity to an existing approved biological product through analytical, animal and clinical studies, without having to repeat the full clinical development process. They provide an opportunity for more affordable treatment options for patients once the high research and development costs of originator biologics have been recouped. Global biosimilars market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 28% till 2027. Companies producing biosimilars play a key role in expanding access to biologics and reducing healthcare expenditure burdens for governments and patients. Challenges in Manufacturing Despite the advantages, realization of full potential of it faces certain production and regulatory challenges. Firstly, manufacturing biologics involves complex living cellular systems making standardization and scale-up more difficult than chemicals. Secondly, quality by design approaches and stringent controls are required to ensure batch-to-batch consistency. Thirdly, characterization of complex protein structures with analytical techniques is challenging. Fourthly, the high development costs along with regulatory requirements for extensive clinical testing impacts drug pricing. Fifthly, storage and distribution of biologics requires temperature-controlled cold chain management due to susceptibility to degradation. Lastly, the possibility of immunogenicity on repeated administration and product withdrawals due to manufacturing issues pose risks. Ongoing technological innovations are helping address these challenges to some extent. Impact on Future Drug Discovery Biopharmaceuticals have expanded treatment horizons by enabling therapies against previously "undruggable" targets. Areas like gene therapy, stem cell therapy and tissue engineering hold promise for future disease modifications. The application of artificial intelligence, machine learning and digital technologies is expediting biologics development through in silico screening, protein design and manufacturing process optimization.

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[purmabiologicsok]

Information About Monoclonal Antibodies: Production And Treatment

Various diseases have been revolutionized by monoclonal antibody treatment; this type of therapy is precise in targeting particular areas. They are important in contemporary medicine since they resemble the body’s immune system in its fight against dangerous germs that could otherwise harm it. Let us explore the details involved in monoclonal antibodies. Read more: https://purmabiologics.blogspot.com/2024/08/information-about-monoclonal-antibodies.html

[helvaticacare]

SOURCES: WHAT IS OXIDATIVE STRESS?

Oxidative stress happens from an imbalance between free radicals and the body’s ability to counter them. We are constantly exposed to its sources like air pollution, cigarette smoke, radiation, and ozone exposure. Poor lifestyle habits like physical inactivity, excessive alcohol, and chronic stress also contribute.

If this goes unchecked, it can cause substantial cell damage and is implicated in insulin resistance, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer development. Our bodies have natural defences like antioxidant enzymes and nutrients that neutralise free radicals. But when pro-oxidant forces become too strong, it overwhelms the body’s normal process.

ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSES AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS

To counter this, our bodies have antioxidant systems that all work together. Key antioxidant micronutrients are vitamins A, C, E and plant compounds like polyphenols. Glutathione is the most abundant endogenous antioxidant. It works with enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase to eliminate free radicals.

When our natural antioxidant capacities are exceeded, this phenomenon leads to lipid, protein, and DNA damage. This drives the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Research shows our microbiome may strengthen antioxidant defences in various ways.

[drpedi07]

Basiliximab Drig

Medical information for Basiliximab on Pediatric Oncall including Mechanism, Indication, Contraindications, Dosing, Adverse Effect, Interaction, Renal Dose, Hepatic Dose.

[willowreader]

https://investors.invivyd.com/news-releases/news-release-details/invivyd-provides-detailed-virology-data-and-analysis-sars-cov-2

[timesofpharma]

What are Antibodies, Poly clonal Antibodies ,Monoclonal antibodies

What are Antibodies, Poly clonal Antibodies, Monoclonal antibodies and how they are produced , what are their applications in medicine Antibodies Antibodies immunoglobulins (abbreviation Ig) which are proteins mainly gamma globulin proteins .Antibodies are found in blood and serum or body fluids of vertebrates. Antibodies are a part of immune system vertebrates which impart immunity against any…

[drferox]

Monoclonal Antibodies

So I listened to a talk from a drug rep the other day who came into the clinic to promote Cytopoint, the anti-allergy injection for dogs.

It’s a great drug, overall. Super useful for many, literally life changing for a few, and now a mainstay of the allergy treatments we offer. But I had to laugh at something the rep said:

“It’s not really a drug. It’s a bio-mimicry molecule! It’s replicating normal molecules that would be found in the body and just providing more of them!”

And I’m sitting here thinking: that is still totally a drug. A drug is any substance which when given to a living organism produces a physiological effect. 10mg of lokivetmab is most definitely a drug.

But if you are going to argue that Cytopoint is not a drug because it mimics a natural molecule found in the body, then by that logic neither are insulin, thyroxine, cortisone or just about every single hormone.

For goodness sake. I have to wonder what planet marketers live on some days.

We also had a bit of a debate because we’re widely told that Cytopoint shouldn’t have any side effects. Partly this is because monoclonal antibodies aren’t well known in veterinary medicine and they haven’t been around that long.

They’re certainly much safer than the equivalent drugs in other classes, but they’re not ‘side effect free’. They’re a protein, so it’s theoretically possible to be allergic to it. Like the Kesimpta I take it seems likely that some dogs will be ‘off colour’ for a day or so. The most common side effect is being quiet the next say, so it is pretty mild for a typical dog and still worth it. But it’s not zero.

Having a headache for a day is much milder than having acute kidney failure, but I wonder if we’ll get more reports in the future of extremely sporadic weird side effects as we gain more experience with this class of medication.

Medical advancements are wonderful and exciting. But don’t let marketers do all the talking!

And remember to report side effects to the manufacturer.

[equalistmako]

why is acetaminophen bad? genuine question

It’s not bad, per se.

But for a drug that’s easily available for purchase by anyone, it has a relatively low therapeutic index (i.e. the window of safety between a drug’s minimum effective dose & its fatal dose).

If you’re using it appropriately, it’s totally fine! But many people do NOT use this drug appropriately (as demonstrated by the amount of liver failure cases attributed to Tylenol/Acetaminophen worldwide), which is why I’m baffled it’s still available OTC.

My pharmacology professor strongly believed that, had Acetaminophen been created in the last decade with our current FDA regulations, it would’ve never seen the light of day.

I’ve also seen and heard of one too many cases of pets dying from consuming Acetaminophen, and it’s left a bad taste in my mouth for OTC pain relievers and NSAIDs in general.

[antiadvil]

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[eosinophil-hate-blog]